346 | What to Do When the Child Dictates the Session and Controls the Dialogue
Play Therapy Podcast: A Master-Class in Child-Centered Play Therapy
In this episode, I respond to a question from Lungile, a clinician in South Africa working with a 9-year-old girl who engages in highly directive role play—assigning roles, limiting dialogue, and scripting the session. When sessions become this structured, how do we remain faithful to the CCPT model, especially when reflective responses are limited?
I talk through what it looks like to stay within the model even when you feel like you're not "doing enough." I also share some practical ideas for subtly integrating reflective responses into role play scenarios—even when you're given a script—so that the child still experiences attunement and emotional presence. If you've ever wondered how to navigate sessions where you're limited in what you can say, this episode will give you clarity and reassurance.
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Common References: Cochran, N., Nordling, W., & Cochran, J. (2010). Child-Centered Play Therapy (1st ed.). Wiley. VanFleet, R., Sywulak, A. E., & Sniscak, C. C. (2010). Child-centered play therapy. Guilford Press. Landreth, G.L. (2023). Play Therapy: The Art of the Relationship (4th ed.). Routledge. Landreth, G.L., & Bratton, S.C. (2019). Child-Parent Relationship Therapy (CPRT): An Evidence-Based 10-Session Filial Therapy Model (2nd ed.). Routledge. https://doi.org/10.4324/9781315537948 Benedict, Helen. Themes in Play Therapy. Used with permission to Heartland Play Therapy Institute.
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0 00:00:00,460 --> 00:00:04,309 You're listening to the Play Therapy Podcast with Dr. Brenna Hicks, 1 00:00:04,469 --> 00:00:08,210 your source for centered and focused play therapy coaching. 2 00:00:08,550 --> 00:00:08,710 Hi, 3 00:00:08,789 --> 00:00:09,770 I'm Dr. Brenna Hicks, 4 00:00:09,779 --> 00:00:10,510 The Kid Counselor. 5 00:00:10,590 --> 00:00:12,590 This is the Play Therapy Podcast where you get 6 00:00:12,590 --> 00:00:15,029 a master class in child-centered play therapy 7 00:00:15,029 --> 00:00:17,239 and practical support and application for your 8 00:00:17,239 --> 00:00:18,860 work with children and their families. 9 00:00:19,409 --> 00:00:20,180 In today's episode, 10 00:00:20,229 --> 00:00:23,500 I'm answering a question from Lungile in South Africa. 11 00:00:23,950 --> 00:00:26,190 How's it to my South Africans? 12 00:00:26,350 --> 00:00:28,030 So nice when I get emails from y'all. 13 00:00:29,159 --> 00:00:29,879 And 14 00:00:30,120 --> 00:00:32,950 this is about a 9 year old girl 15 00:00:33,560 --> 00:00:36,439 who does really directive role play. 16 00:00:36,720 --> 00:00:37,750 In other words, 17 00:00:38,099 --> 00:00:40,990 Lungile is told exactly what to say and do, 18 00:00:41,119 --> 00:00:43,110 and it's very scripted. 19 00:00:43,439 --> 00:00:47,389 And so the questions are about that and how to remain CCPT 20 00:00:47,799 --> 00:00:49,790 when we don't really have the opportunities 21 00:00:49,790 --> 00:00:52,150 to reflectively respond like we normally would. 22 00:00:52,759 --> 00:00:56,000 So I will read parts of the email and then we'll dive in together. 23 00:00:56,599 --> 00:00:58,500 I'm currently working with a 9 year old girl and 24 00:00:58,500 --> 00:01:02,259 have maintained a strictly CCPT approach through our 12 sessions. 25 00:01:02,459 --> 00:01:03,099 From the beginning, 26 00:01:03,180 --> 00:01:06,010 she has consistently engaged in teacher role play, 27 00:01:06,059 --> 00:01:09,290 taking on an authoritative position where she assigns me homework, 28 00:01:09,580 --> 00:01:10,529 disciplines me, 29 00:01:10,779 --> 00:01:13,739 and insists that I remain silent during much of the interaction. 30 00:01:14,860 --> 00:01:17,930 While I'm generally able to track the themes and emotional content, 31 00:01:18,260 --> 00:01:20,900 I found it increasingly challenging to reflect feelings 32 00:01:21,139 --> 00:01:23,849 or content due to the restrictive nature of her play, 33 00:01:24,260 --> 00:01:27,769 particularly as she often demands compliance and or silence. 34 00:01:28,419 --> 00:01:29,019 More recently, 35 00:01:29,059 --> 00:01:32,440 the play has shifted to a baking competition scenario, 36 00:01:32,699 --> 00:01:35,480 and she has cast me as the competition announcer 37 00:01:35,769 --> 00:01:38,730 and prescribes very specific lines for me to narrate, 38 00:01:39,059 --> 00:01:42,300 again limiting my verbal input to only what she directs. 39 00:01:42,769 --> 00:01:46,559 This has made it difficult to remain attuned in the traditional CCPT sense, 40 00:01:46,889 --> 00:01:48,779 especially in terms of reflecting affect 41 00:01:48,779 --> 00:01:50,529 and supporting her emotional processing. 42 00:01:51,559 --> 00:01:54,739 I'd be very grateful for your thoughts on how to stay within the framework 43 00:01:55,069 --> 00:01:57,629 while navigating highly structured directive play 44 00:01:57,629 --> 00:01:59,819 where the child limits therapeutic dialogue. 45 00:02:00,589 --> 00:02:00,949 All right, 46 00:02:01,269 --> 00:02:02,940 this is an interesting scenario. 47 00:02:03,190 --> 00:02:04,860 I love the idea of a baking competition, 48 00:02:04,910 --> 00:02:05,190 by the way, 49 00:02:05,269 --> 00:02:05,779 how fun. 50 00:02:06,849 --> 00:02:10,919 I think that in general we have to redefine 51 00:02:11,529 --> 00:02:14,880 expectations of what quote has to take place 52 00:02:15,289 --> 00:02:15,919 end quote 53 00:02:16,130 --> 00:02:17,880 in a CCPT session. 54 00:02:18,259 --> 00:02:18,690 So Lungile, 55 00:02:18,729 --> 00:02:21,080 I think my immediate response is 56 00:02:21,529 --> 00:02:24,710 that if you are preserving relationship, 57 00:02:25,009 --> 00:02:27,360 if you are following directives and cues, 58 00:02:27,850 --> 00:02:30,839 and if you are reflectively responding when you can. 59 00:02:31,339 --> 00:02:31,869 In other words, 60 00:02:31,949 --> 00:02:33,710 there will be times in a session 61 00:02:33,990 --> 00:02:37,660 where she does not insist that you only say or do a certain thing. 62 00:02:38,559 --> 00:02:38,570 Then 63 00:02:39,429 --> 00:02:41,470 you know that you are fulfilling the model, 64 00:02:41,550 --> 00:02:44,660 you know that this is meaningful therapeutic work for her, 65 00:02:44,949 --> 00:02:47,179 and you know that she is self-actualizing 66 00:02:47,789 --> 00:02:50,380 and therefore the pressure is off a little bit. 67 00:02:50,509 --> 00:02:53,630 We don't have to feel so consumed with the notion 68 00:02:53,949 --> 00:02:54,419 of 69 00:02:54,710 --> 00:02:58,779 I have to get feeling reflections and I have to get reflection of content in, 70 00:02:58,990 --> 00:03:00,820 I have to be able to track behavior. 71 00:03:01,789 --> 00:03:03,940 Those are ways of engaging. 72 00:03:04,550 --> 00:03:08,820 So that the child feels seen and heard and understood and valued. 73 00:03:09,229 --> 00:03:11,139 You're doing that by the role play. 74 00:03:11,309 --> 00:03:12,979 She's invited you into the play. 75 00:03:12,990 --> 00:03:15,940 It becomes collaborative when a child invites us in. 76 00:03:16,110 --> 00:03:17,949 That's a meaningful moment in and of itself. 77 00:03:17,990 --> 00:03:21,460 So the fact that every single week she has you take a role, 78 00:03:22,029 --> 00:03:25,110 we know that that means relationship and rapport have been established. 79 00:03:26,160 --> 00:03:26,970 That said, 80 00:03:27,240 --> 00:03:30,589 we're going to follow the directives and cues that were given, 81 00:03:31,160 --> 00:03:32,750 and we trust that 82 00:03:32,960 --> 00:03:35,750 the fact that she has dictatorial power right now, 83 00:03:36,080 --> 00:03:36,759 she needs it. 84 00:03:37,330 --> 00:03:42,080 And part of a child demanding that we don't talk or that we only say 85 00:03:42,080 --> 00:03:46,869 certain things or we have to play a role or we have very explicit instructions, 86 00:03:47,199 --> 00:03:49,429 that's all her need for power and control. 87 00:03:49,759 --> 00:03:51,710 We know that will naturally shift. 88 00:03:52,000 --> 00:03:54,229 She's on one end of the pendulum right now. 89 00:03:54,720 --> 00:03:57,759 She will naturally give you some more power and control back. 90 00:03:58,339 --> 00:04:00,330 At some point in the process. 91 00:04:00,619 --> 00:04:01,850 She's just not there yet. 92 00:04:02,220 --> 00:04:02,889 Because remember, 93 00:04:03,059 --> 00:04:05,869 the pendulum serves as the antidote in a child's mind. 94 00:04:05,899 --> 00:04:06,699 In other words, 95 00:04:06,899 --> 00:04:08,970 she feels powerless and out of control 96 00:04:09,300 --> 00:04:11,190 in every other scenario. 97 00:04:11,500 --> 00:04:12,979 So when she comes in the playroom, 98 00:04:13,220 --> 00:04:13,500 OK, 99 00:04:13,559 --> 00:04:15,449 I'm going to take every bit of it I can get, 100 00:04:15,740 --> 00:04:18,540 but she can't sustain that and she won't sustain that. 101 00:04:18,820 --> 00:04:22,290 It will naturally start to shift back toward more balance. 102 00:04:22,859 --> 00:04:23,779 She's just not there yet. 103 00:04:23,859 --> 00:04:25,100 You're only 12 sessions in. 104 00:04:26,059 --> 00:04:29,859 So I do have a couple of thoughts though on how to navigate that. 105 00:04:30,549 --> 00:04:32,000 When you 106 00:04:32,269 --> 00:04:33,820 are being assigned homework, 107 00:04:33,829 --> 00:04:35,420 when you're being disciplined, 108 00:04:35,510 --> 00:04:37,630 when you can't say anything, 109 00:04:38,190 --> 00:04:40,500 often what you can comment 110 00:04:41,029 --> 00:04:43,500 is about the fact that you're not allowed to talk. 111 00:04:44,070 --> 00:04:46,690 That usually will give you a little bit of leeway. 112 00:04:46,709 --> 00:04:47,149 In other words, 113 00:04:47,190 --> 00:04:48,059 if they say, 114 00:04:48,470 --> 00:04:49,989 you're not allowed to say anything, 115 00:04:50,290 --> 00:04:51,750 your response should 116 00:04:52,130 --> 00:04:54,190 probably be instead of 117 00:04:54,739 --> 00:04:56,670 You don't want me to say anything 118 00:04:57,130 --> 00:04:58,690 because that's actually saying something, 119 00:04:58,779 --> 00:05:00,269 that's reflecting content. 120 00:05:00,519 --> 00:05:01,390 If you say, 121 00:05:02,239 --> 00:05:03,850 I'm not allowed to say anything. 122 00:05:04,549 --> 00:05:07,290 And you say it as if it's your experience, 123 00:05:07,459 --> 00:05:09,359 you say it as if you're lamenting, 124 00:05:09,380 --> 00:05:10,929 as the student would be 125 00:05:11,220 --> 00:05:12,850 with a dictatorial teacher. 126 00:05:13,570 --> 00:05:17,829 A student would be frustrated by being told they can't say anything. 127 00:05:18,029 --> 00:05:20,220 A student would be frustrated that they're 128 00:05:20,390 --> 00:05:21,339 being given homework. 129 00:05:21,470 --> 00:05:23,799 A student would be frustrated they're getting disciplined. 130 00:05:24,470 --> 00:05:27,940 So your responses can actually come as part of your role, 131 00:05:28,309 --> 00:05:28,640 like, 132 00:05:28,869 --> 00:05:29,100 man, 133 00:05:29,420 --> 00:05:29,950 everything I do, 134 00:05:29,959 --> 00:05:30,899 I get in trouble. 135 00:05:32,279 --> 00:05:35,640 That usually is well received by a child because 136 00:05:35,640 --> 00:05:39,190 it seems like you are continuing the role. 137 00:05:39,799 --> 00:05:39,989 Now, 138 00:05:40,000 --> 00:05:41,429 if she continues to say, 139 00:05:41,589 --> 00:05:44,790 you are only allowed to say what I'm able allowing you to say, 140 00:05:45,440 --> 00:05:46,390 then you're gonna say, 141 00:05:46,440 --> 00:05:46,670 oh, 142 00:05:46,760 --> 00:05:48,589 I can only say what you want me to say, 143 00:05:48,760 --> 00:05:50,429 and then you just follow the lead. 144 00:05:50,519 --> 00:05:52,149 You know that it won't last forever, 145 00:05:52,399 --> 00:05:54,519 but often you can get the work around where 146 00:05:54,519 --> 00:05:57,470 you're including it in the role that you're playing. 147 00:05:57,779 --> 00:05:59,320 As far as the baking competition. 148 00:05:59,720 --> 00:06:00,000 OK, 149 00:06:00,119 --> 00:06:02,329 so she has you now as the announcer. 150 00:06:03,359 --> 00:06:03,559 Well, 151 00:06:03,640 --> 00:06:05,510 you certainly have leeway with that too. 152 00:06:05,799 --> 00:06:08,309 So you can use the lines that she gives you. 153 00:06:09,239 --> 00:06:10,119 And now, 154 00:06:10,190 --> 00:06:12,989 so and so is going to make uh 155 00:06:13,390 --> 00:06:14,510 lemon cream cake, 156 00:06:14,589 --> 00:06:14,989 whatever, 157 00:06:15,059 --> 00:06:17,179 whatever you're being told to say, 158 00:06:17,859 --> 00:06:18,660 but then 159 00:06:18,910 --> 00:06:19,980 as an announcer, 160 00:06:20,149 --> 00:06:20,440 I mean, 161 00:06:20,450 --> 00:06:23,170 think about someone who provides commentary on shows. 162 00:06:23,670 --> 00:06:26,350 There's some ad lib and there's some 163 00:06:26,589 --> 00:06:28,940 dialogue that kind of has that color commentary. 164 00:06:29,119 --> 00:06:30,019 So you might say, 165 00:06:30,540 --> 00:06:31,929 ww this is exciting, 166 00:06:32,190 --> 00:06:34,059 so and so's coming up with their cake, 167 00:06:34,390 --> 00:06:36,260 and you're still getting feeling reflections in. 168 00:06:36,429 --> 00:06:38,390 You're still getting tracking of behavior in. 169 00:06:38,809 --> 00:06:42,700 So you just kind of have to think about it as a little bit of a different approach. 170 00:06:42,910 --> 00:06:46,380 You are still engaging in those reflective responses. 171 00:06:46,709 --> 00:06:49,459 It's just through a little bit of a roundabout way 172 00:06:49,989 --> 00:06:52,260 and keep in mind when we think about 173 00:06:52,429 --> 00:06:53,980 the reflective responses, 174 00:06:54,350 --> 00:06:55,269 they are a tool. 175 00:06:56,220 --> 00:06:57,839 They're not a requirement. 176 00:06:58,100 --> 00:07:00,489 It is the way that we help a child 177 00:07:00,859 --> 00:07:02,500 feel that we're present with them, 178 00:07:02,579 --> 00:07:03,570 we're engaged. 179 00:07:04,720 --> 00:07:07,510 And that they've experienced the be with attitudes. 180 00:07:07,670 --> 00:07:09,380 When you're in a role play scenario, 181 00:07:09,630 --> 00:07:13,619 they're naturally experiencing that because they've engaged you in play. 182 00:07:13,910 --> 00:07:16,910 And as long as you're not completely checked out and saying nothing. 183 00:07:17,750 --> 00:07:19,540 They know that you are with them. 184 00:07:19,649 --> 00:07:21,970 They know that you are present and attuned to 185 00:07:21,970 --> 00:07:24,519 what's going on because you're part of their story, 186 00:07:24,690 --> 00:07:26,260 you're part of their 187 00:07:27,239 --> 00:07:28,070 dialogue 188 00:07:28,399 --> 00:07:31,589 and therefore when we have that kind of investment, 189 00:07:31,959 --> 00:07:34,119 we don't have to be so diligent 190 00:07:34,480 --> 00:07:37,190 about getting those reflective responses in now 191 00:07:37,519 --> 00:07:39,359 obviously if we can 192 00:07:39,720 --> 00:07:42,600 get a choice in there if we can get a feeling reflection in there, 193 00:07:42,640 --> 00:07:44,589 if we can get an encouragement phrase in there, 194 00:07:45,079 --> 00:07:45,829 we're going to, 195 00:07:45,920 --> 00:07:49,869 and there will usually be times that that will make sense. 196 00:07:50,119 --> 00:07:50,679 In other words, 197 00:07:50,799 --> 00:07:52,200 during a transition point, 198 00:07:52,480 --> 00:07:52,869 for example, 199 00:07:53,000 --> 00:07:53,950 maybe she goes, 200 00:07:54,239 --> 00:07:54,529 OK, 201 00:07:54,640 --> 00:07:55,720 now we're going to. 202 00:07:56,260 --> 00:07:58,709 So now we're no longer in role play scenario, 203 00:07:58,899 --> 00:08:00,089 she's in transition. 204 00:08:00,579 --> 00:08:04,160 That's when you can work in some of the traditional skills, 205 00:08:04,420 --> 00:08:05,269 but keep in mind, 206 00:08:05,420 --> 00:08:08,769 you can always work in the skills as part of the role 207 00:08:09,059 --> 00:08:09,690 as well. 208 00:08:09,899 --> 00:08:12,859 You work it into the dialogue of the character that you're playing. 209 00:08:13,799 --> 00:08:16,019 And that's a little bit of a ninja trick 210 00:08:16,230 --> 00:08:16,809 or a hack, 211 00:08:16,820 --> 00:08:17,589 if you will. 212 00:08:18,269 --> 00:08:18,429 All right, 213 00:08:18,549 --> 00:08:18,989 so Lungile, 214 00:08:19,070 --> 00:08:20,500 thank you so much for the question. 215 00:08:20,549 --> 00:08:21,660 I hope that that's helpful. 216 00:08:21,899 --> 00:08:23,559 Role play is a lot of fun, 217 00:08:23,959 --> 00:08:25,709 but it can be tricky because we 218 00:08:25,910 --> 00:08:29,779 we kind of have to walk the line of remaining adherent to the model 219 00:08:30,350 --> 00:08:31,980 while recognizing that 220 00:08:32,270 --> 00:08:34,900 there are going to be things that are a little bit harder to do. 221 00:08:35,070 --> 00:08:37,940 It's harder to reflectively respond when we're given a script. 222 00:08:38,070 --> 00:08:40,950 It's harder to take notes when we're sword fighting the entire session. 223 00:08:41,340 --> 00:08:42,789 It's harder to 224 00:08:43,400 --> 00:08:46,349 provide encouragement phrases and choices when 225 00:08:46,599 --> 00:08:50,950 we're being the mom and we're doing a role play of relational play in the house. 226 00:08:51,809 --> 00:08:53,919 So it's just about finding balance. 227 00:08:54,210 --> 00:08:55,580 It's never about 228 00:08:56,010 --> 00:08:56,960 one or the other. 229 00:08:57,049 --> 00:08:58,809 It's kind of integrating both sides. 230 00:08:58,869 --> 00:09:03,960 I can be fully engaged in a role as well as work in the therapeutic skills 231 00:09:04,250 --> 00:09:05,169 as part of that. 232 00:09:05,289 --> 00:09:05,630 So, 233 00:09:05,640 --> 00:09:06,729 I hope that that encourages y'all. 234 00:09:07,179 --> 00:09:07,700 I love you. 235 00:09:07,840 --> 00:09:08,570 Thanks for hanging out. 236 00:09:08,619 --> 00:09:09,940 If you want to email me, 237 00:09:10,020 --> 00:09:10,900 I'd love to hear from you, 238 00:09:10,979 --> 00:09:12,969 brenna@thekidcounselor.com. 239 00:09:13,140 --> 00:09:15,940 If you want to leave a question for me on my 240 00:09:16,349 --> 00:09:17,599 voicemail in the states, 241 00:09:17,859 --> 00:09:20,390 813-812-5525. 242 00:09:20,659 --> 00:09:21,619 We will talk again soon. 243 00:09:21,820 --> 00:09:22,020 Bye. 244 00:09:23,169 --> 00:09:25,929 Thank you for listening to the Play Therapy Podcast with Dr. 245 00:09:26,090 --> 00:09:27,010 Brenna Hicks. 246 00:09:27,169 --> 00:09:29,130 For more episodes and resources, 247 00:09:29,289 --> 00:09:34,010 please go to www.playtherapypodcast.com.