Bird Flu & Backyard Flocks: What Every Poultry Nerd Needs to Know (with Dr. Teresa Morishita)

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<v Jennifer>All right.

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<v Jennifer>Poultry nerds.

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<v Jennifer>We're here with the episode you guys have been waiting for.

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<v Jennifer>We have a special guest today.

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<v Jennifer>A poultry veterinarian, Dr.

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<v Jennifer>Theresa Morishita.

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<v Jennifer>Welcome, Dr.

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<v Jennifer>Morishita.

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<v Jennifer>How are you?

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<v Dr. Theresa Morishita>Welcome and thanks for inviting me to your podcast.

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<v Jennifer>You are very welcome.

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<v Jennifer>We're excited to have you.

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<v Jennifer>I answer all these questions.

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<v Jennifer>People made a list, so we're gonna get to that shortly.

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<v Jennifer>Okay.

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<v Jennifer>So tell us about yourself.

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<v Jennifer>I

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<v Carey>get really excited about these podcasts because I really like to nerd out when we have people that know all the facts.

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<v Carey>So I'm super excited.

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<v Jennifer>Okay, so tell us about yourself.

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<v Jennifer>Where are you?

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<v Dr. Theresa Morishita>I I am located, I'm a professor of poultry medicine and food safety, and I'm located in Pomona, California.

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<v Dr. Theresa Morishita>I work at the College of Veterinary Medicine of Western University of Health Sciences.

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<v Jennifer>Nice.

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<v Jennifer>Are you originally from California?

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<v Dr. Theresa Morishita>No, I'm originally from Hawaii and of course I went to my undergraduate education in Hawaii, but Hawaii doesn't have a vet school, so I went to California and attended vet school at the University of California at Davis.

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<v Jennifer>Nice.

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<v Jennifer>And you've been at the Western University for a long time?

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<v Dr. Theresa Morishita>I've been there.

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<v Dr. Theresa Morishita>State University.

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<v Dr. Theresa Morishita>Okay, say that again'cause it cut out.

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<v Dr. Theresa Morishita>So how long have you been at the Western University?

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<v Dr. Theresa Morishita>I've been at Western University since 2006.

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<v Dr. Theresa Morishita>And prior to that I was at the Ohio State University.

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<v Jennifer>We've asked you to come on today to answer all the questions about the bird flu.

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<v Jennifer>Okay.

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<v Jennifer>I'll do my best.

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<v Jennifer>Now we're talking about the backyard people, not like commercial stuff.

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<v Jennifer>But I know they crossed paths just a little bit.

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<v Jennifer>Yes.

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<v Jennifer>So explain exactly what it is.

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<v Jennifer>Can you do that?

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<v Dr. Theresa Morishita>It's a big thing right now, avian influenza.

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<v Dr. Theresa Morishita>It's hitting a, as you can see, a lot of the commercial, but I know also for the backyard flocks.

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<v Dr. Theresa Morishita>So basically avian influenza is caused by a type of disease agent called a virus, and it's called the Avian Influenza Virus.

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<v Dr. Theresa Morishita>Some of you may have heard like the name H five N one.

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<v Dr. Theresa Morishita>So that just tells you the specific type of virus that's involved in this disease.

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<v Dr. Theresa Morishita>Okay.

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<v Dr. Theresa Morishita>Can I interrupt you for one second?

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<v Dr. Theresa Morishita>Sure.

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<v Dr. Theresa Morishita>So explain to me what the H, the five, the n, and the one all stands for.

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<v Dr. Theresa Morishita>Okay.

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<v Dr. Theresa Morishita>The virus.

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<v Dr. Theresa Morishita>Let's think of it as a, an orange.

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<v Jennifer>Okay.

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<v Dr. Theresa Morishita>And on the surface of these orange are all these different types of protein.

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<v Dr. Theresa Morishita>So the h.

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<v Dr. Theresa Morishita>Stands for a type of protein called hemagglutinin.

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<v Dr. Theresa Morishita>And so let's just say it's represented by, have you ever heard of those poder balls?

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<v Dr. Theresa Morishita>Like orange, and sometimes during Christmas, people stick cloves all over it.

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<v Dr. Theresa Morishita>To have that kind of.

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<v Dr. Theresa Morishita>Scent in the house for Christmas time, right?

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<v Dr. Theresa Morishita>So just think of this clove as one little protein spike.

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<v Dr. Theresa Morishita>So you stick it in the orange and they're all over the orange surface.

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<v Dr. Theresa Morishita>So that's a hemagglutinin protein.

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<v Dr. Theresa Morishita>And then the other protein that's important in classifying the influenza virus is like a, let's say a nail could be a flathead nail or something, right?

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<v Dr. Theresa Morishita>And those represent.

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<v Dr. Theresa Morishita>Another type of protein called nease, and those are all on the surface of the orange.

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<v Dr. Theresa Morishita>Now that there are different types of patterns.

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<v Dr. Theresa Morishita>There's 16 different types of this clove type inserts on the orange, and then there are nine different possible types.

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<v Dr. Theresa Morishita>So the type that we see that is.

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<v Dr. Theresa Morishita>Happening throughout the United States is the type five of the Hemagglutinin protein, and the other one is the Neuraminidase.

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<v Dr. Theresa Morishita>So that's type one.

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<v Dr. Theresa Morishita>Okay.

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<v Dr. Theresa Morishita>So that's H five N one.

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<v Dr. Theresa Morishita>That's how you name the influenza virus.

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<v Dr. Theresa Morishita>And that's important because we have a lot of researchers there that are especially.

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<v Dr. Theresa Morishita>The United States Department of Agriculture, they're looking at the different types and how they're spread.

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<v Dr. Theresa Morishita>And you'll, you notice that there's another one in Mississippi that was found, right?

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<v Dr. Theresa Morishita>I didn't notice, but I believe you, the H seven and nine, right?

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<v Dr. Theresa Morishita>Yeah,

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<v Carey>they found the H seven there.

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<v Dr. Theresa Morishita>Oh, wow.

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<v Dr. Theresa Morishita>Yeah, so that's the the number seven of the hemagglutinin.

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<v Dr. Theresa Morishita>See, so the common one was eight.

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<v Dr. Theresa Morishita>The one that we see is H five.

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<v Dr. Theresa Morishita>So remember I told you there's 16 different types, so that's the H seven on that one.

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<v Dr. Theresa Morishita>And these viruses, they can reassort different ones.

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<v Dr. Theresa Morishita>And we find that some of those patterns, like the H five N one, we call that highly pathogenic, that means it causes a lot of disease when it happens in poultry.

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<v Dr. Theresa Morishita>So that's what we're worried about, you'll also hear the term low pathogenic, and those viruses actually can be carried.

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<v Dr. Theresa Morishita>The different assortments, not the H five N one variety, but maybe some other numbers.

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<v Dr. Theresa Morishita>And they can be carried in like waterfowl and they don't even show any signs at all.

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<v Dr. Theresa Morishita>The birds are healthy.

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<v Dr. Theresa Morishita>We call that low pathogenic, but because the viruses always mutate, then, we have to watch out that those low pathogenic ones do not become high pathogenic.

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<v Dr. Theresa Morishita>So in the past, if you find a flock that.

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<v Dr. Theresa Morishita>Is a low pathogenic or any avian influenza, they normally will remove it to try and protect the rest of the flocks in the nation.

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<v Jennifer>So if my doing some quick math on the top of my head, if the H has 16 variety patterns and the N has nine, then that's roughly 150.

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<v Jennifer>Options.

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<v Jennifer>Does that sound right?

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<v Dr. Theresa Morishita>Yeah.

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<v Dr. Theresa Morishita>So a virus can be H one and then it can be N one and two, and three, and four, and five, and six, and seven, eight, and nine.

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<v Jennifer>And then you

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<v Dr. Theresa Morishita>go to H two and that can have the same thing.

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<v Dr. Theresa Morishita>If you've got the calculator.

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<v Dr. Theresa Morishita>Yes.

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<v Jennifer>Yeah.

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<v Jennifer>So that's roughly 150 or so.

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<v Jennifer>And so is it still mutating?

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<v Jennifer>Could it be two oh different options next year?

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<v Dr. Theresa Morishita>No, so far we find that there are 16 H type and nine N type.

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<v Jennifer>Gotcha.

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<v Dr. Theresa Morishita>So we have that combination,

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<v Jennifer>okay.

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<v Jennifer>Alright.

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<v Dr. Theresa Morishita>And those protein, why are we looking at the protein?

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<v Dr. Theresa Morishita>'cause those proteins help the virus.

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<v Dr. Theresa Morishita>Once it gets into the body, it can get to the body.

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<v Dr. Theresa Morishita>These helps.

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<v Dr. Theresa Morishita>Its that's why those are important surface proteins on that

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<v Jennifer>virus.

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<v Jennifer>Gotcha.

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<v Jennifer>Okay.

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<v Jennifer>So let's talk about how it spreads then.

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<v Jennifer>So it's being spread through wild birds.

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<v Dr. Theresa Morishita>Yes.

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<v Dr. Theresa Morishita>The original H five N one, we know that waterfowl were the initial carriers, but not only traditionally the waterfowl are, and they can carry pathogenic ones and they can carry non-pathogenic.

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<v Dr. Theresa Morishita>They're just a source of the influenza and that's their normal host.

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<v Dr. Theresa Morishita>But when they have the.

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<v Dr. Theresa Morishita>Very virulent one.

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<v Dr. Theresa Morishita>That's when it can have die-offs in the waterfall flock, and it can spread to other bird species.

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<v Dr. Theresa Morishita>And as we see them in other mammals as well too.

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<v Dr. Theresa Morishita>But I want to also.

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<v Dr. Theresa Morishita>Know that we think waterfalls are bad, but initially when we had the H five N one they also found that other shorebirds could also be important in the transmission, especially near the Great Lakes they had like seagulls and that were found to be positive.

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<v Dr. Theresa Morishita>If you're doing any type of activity and you see these birds, so one of things like as part of the education and preventing that, if you like hunting ducks, that's good.

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<v Dr. Theresa Morishita>If you want, you like that activity.

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<v Dr. Theresa Morishita>If you like boating or you like birdwatching.

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<v Dr. Theresa Morishita>You're gonna go into these areas.

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<v Dr. Theresa Morishita>So you have to be very cautious that if you wear clothes or your boots or shoes in that area, you don't wanna use that same shoes in your poultry, right?

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<v Dr. Theresa Morishita>Because that's gonna bring potential disease agents like this NT influenza to your flocks.

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<v Dr. Theresa Morishita>So we have to watch the types of activities that we don't.

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<v Dr. Theresa Morishita>Inadvertently bring disease in.

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<v Dr. Theresa Morishita>So think about where the sources are.

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<v Dr. Theresa Morishita>And I remember being in certain areas, there's a lot of Canada geese that stay in that area and maybe water fowl that are in ponds.

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<v Dr. Theresa Morishita>And maybe you go in a family picnic or something and you're running around and you can't help but step and do and waterfowl poop, right?

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<v Jennifer>'cause

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<v Dr. Theresa Morishita>sometimes they're all over.

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<v Dr. Theresa Morishita>And so you wanna make sure that you're cautious about bringing that dirty shoe or that has stepped in waterfowl poop or seabird poop into your flocks.

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<v Dr. Theresa Morishita>Okay?

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<v Dr. Theresa Morishita>So that's one of the things we think about for biosecurity.

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<v Jennifer>What about when they just fly over like we have, I have land and we have a huge flock of Canadian geese that live on the property behind us.

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<v Jennifer>So they're always flying over.

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<v Dr. Theresa Morita>Yes.

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<v Dr. Theresa Morita>That's a, that's another way.

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<v Dr. Theresa Morita>When we think about how can, how does our farm get these germs in?

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<v Dr. Theresa Morita>So one of it is that we go out and we bring it back, right?

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<v Dr. Theresa Morita>And we always know that shoes and clothing can be one source.

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<v Dr. Theresa Morita>The other one is you're talking about the environment.

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<v Dr. Theresa Morishita>So look at your environment.

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<v Dr. Theresa Morishita>What is coming over, what is contaminating your farm?

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<v Dr. Theresa Morishita>So not a lot would be like.

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<v Dr. Theresa Morishita>You have exposure because you have birds, right?

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<v Dr. Theresa Morishita>They're a, like a nearby pond or natural body of water that they congregate as they migrate north and as they migrate south.

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<v Dr. Theresa Morishita>Okay, so there's big four major Pacific, or sorry, four major flyways where the waterfalls go back and forth in the United States, Atlanta, Mississippi, central Pacific, and so farms like yours in that area that might have a lot of birds migrating.

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<v Dr. Theresa Morishita>Yes.

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<v Jennifer>So we live in their world and we just have to deal with it.

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<v Dr. Theresa Morishita>Yeah.

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<v Dr. Theresa Morishita>Now we do, as working with bird diseases, we always can, we always know that.

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<v Dr. Theresa Morishita>And there are other diseases that if we have poultry or even.

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<v Dr. Theresa Morishita>Flocks of ducks or geese that we have.

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<v Dr. Theresa Morishita>We wanna make sure that the diseases that our pets or our flocks don't give it to the wildlife.

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<v Dr. Theresa Morishita>Because as you can see, once you give it to the wildlife, they spread it all over and you can't, there's.

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<v Dr. Theresa Morishita>Tons of'em, right?

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<v Dr. Theresa Morishita>Flying over for the migration.

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<v Dr. Theresa Morishita>So now we have the H five N one established.

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<v Dr. Theresa Morishita>So for us, being on the ground, watching them fly over, you have to watch out, of potential.

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<v Jennifer>So how much poop does it take to contaminate a space and how long does it live on the ground?

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<v Dr. Theresa Morishita>When they fly.

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<v Dr. Theresa Morishita>So let's just talk about how it spreads in the waterfowl.

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<v Dr. Theresa Morishita>So if you've got one infected duck and they're, of course they're pooping around and the other,'cause sometimes they come in flocks of 300,000 or something.

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<v Dr. Theresa Morishita>So one might be infected and so maybe a little neighbor comes next to them and then they might interact or they might be picking.

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<v Dr. Theresa Morishita>Food or whatever, and they get infected, so then it spreads that way, and so now you have to infect it, spreading it to the population, so how do you get that?

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<v Dr. Theresa Morishita>So let's just say you had one infected duck and he sheds over your property.

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<v Dr. Theresa Morishita>Maybe your chickens are not in the area, so lucky for you, right?

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<v Dr. Theresa Morishita>But if your chickens are, or ducks are out there, pecking around, or they're in the same or near the vicinity of that duck pond or whatever, then there's potential.

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<v Dr. Theresa Morishita>Spread.

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<v Dr. Theresa Morishita>So it's, we always call diseases like it's a numbers game.

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<v Dr. Theresa Morishita>The more exposure birds have or exposure more likely you will get that.

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<v Jennifer>Now I have ducks that free range my property as the geese are flying over.

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<v Jennifer>And the

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<v Dr. Theresa Morishita>other geese are extract, attract it.

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<v Dr. Theresa Morishita>Oh, there's ducks down there, and they go down,

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<v Jennifer>yep.

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<v Jennifer>Because they do, you can't

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<v Dr. Theresa Morishita>help them when they're migrating.

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<v Dr. Theresa Morishita>They're coming up long distances.

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<v Dr. Theresa Morishita>They're gonna look for ponds.

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<v Dr. Theresa Morishita>Oh.

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<v Dr. Theresa Morishita>A place to rest.

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<v Dr. Theresa Morishita>A place to eat.

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<v Dr. Theresa Morishita>Until I go further up on my journey.

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<v Dr. Theresa Morishita>So that's why they say if you have natural ponds and stuff, it's hard.

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<v Dr. Theresa Morishita>So we know like for some zoos that have a lot of these natural birds some people have even unfortunately they've closed the ponds, but that's.

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<v Dr. Theresa Morishita>That's hard for migrating birds.

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<v Dr. Theresa Morishita>So they've closed the ponds or they've have trained dogs that chase the Canada geese away, or the waterfowl away.

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<v Jennifer>That's what I have

00:15:07.500 --> 00:15:08.159
<v Dr. Theresa Morishita>other, yeah.

00:15:08.159 --> 00:15:13.649
<v Dr. Theresa Morishita>Others have tactics to make it a non pleasant things.

00:15:13.699 --> 00:15:20.389
<v Dr. Theresa Morishita>So some of the things that, how can we work with nature when they migrate and yet protect.

00:15:21.250 --> 00:15:36.210
<v Dr. Theresa Morishita>Our flocks and some people have put like things way far away so the birds go at a further distance and don't come near like a commercial or backyard flocks, but it's harder for backyard owners because they're everywhere.

00:15:36.309 --> 00:15:45.220
<v Dr. Theresa Morishita>But I know like for commercial, we don't wanna have like artificial ponds or whatever that may attract the wildlife.

00:15:45.314 --> 00:15:45.944
<v Dr. Theresa Morishita>Interesting.

00:15:46.184 --> 00:15:47.324
<v Dr. Theresa Morishita>Yeah, that's interesting.

00:15:48.674 --> 00:15:51.944
<v Dr. Theresa Morishita>Okay, so let's talk about symptoms now.

00:15:52.064 --> 00:15:54.884
<v Dr. Theresa Morishita>Some people concerned about early warning signs.

00:15:54.884 --> 00:15:59.424
<v Dr. Theresa Morishita>Now I'm known from being blunt in when people meet me and stuff.

00:15:59.605 --> 00:16:02.574
<v Dr. Theresa Morishita>And so somebody asks me, what's an early warning sign?

00:16:02.574 --> 00:16:04.664
<v Dr. Theresa Morishita>And I typically just say they're dead.

00:16:05.414 --> 00:16:08.564
<v Jennifer>Is that a pretty accurate sign that you have it?

00:16:08.694 --> 00:16:14.154
<v Dr. Theresa Morishita>If you have the highly patented, pathogenic avian influenza, they are, they will be dead.

00:16:14.154 --> 00:16:17.384
<v Dr. Theresa Morishita>That's one of the first things you know, so you're true.

00:16:17.574 --> 00:16:23.259
<v Dr. Theresa Morishita>In finding that, so everybody knows their flock, and so you're gonna know when the birds are off.

00:16:23.529 --> 00:16:31.449
<v Dr. Theresa Morishita>So one of the first signs that birds are not feeling well is that they're gonna stop eating, drinking, stop laying eggs, right?

00:16:31.779 --> 00:16:35.319
<v Dr. Theresa Morishita>So if you notice a difference like that, you could say, Ooh, something's wrong.

00:16:35.319 --> 00:16:40.149
<v Dr. Theresa Morishita>This doesn't mean you have avian influenza, but you could say, oh, some kind of illness.

00:16:40.179 --> 00:16:44.980
<v Dr. Theresa Morishita>'cause birds, they're gonna be not eating, not drinking.

00:16:46.029 --> 00:16:52.059
<v Dr. Theresa Morishita>Not laying eggs if you've got layers, and then they might be huddled up, they're feathers.

00:16:52.059 --> 00:16:53.799
<v Dr. Theresa Morishita>If you've got chickens, they're fluffed up.

00:16:54.120 --> 00:16:55.139
<v Dr. Theresa Morishita>They hunched down.

00:16:55.199 --> 00:16:57.330
<v Dr. Theresa Morishita>You have that sick chicken pose, right?

00:16:57.819 --> 00:17:03.009
<v Dr. Theresa Morishita>Some, something is, or they're gonna be down on the ground lethargic, so you know something's wrong.

00:17:03.595 --> 00:17:05.365
<v Dr. Theresa Morishita>You got some kind of disease going on.

00:17:06.265 --> 00:17:15.894
<v Dr. Theresa Morishita>We do know that for the avian influenza, it's usually when it's a highly pathogenic one, you will see death loss.

00:17:15.894 --> 00:17:19.105
<v Dr. Theresa Morishita>So they'll be dead and you'll say, what happened?

00:17:19.404 --> 00:17:30.215
<v Dr. Theresa Morishita>My flock was fine, and then they're all dead, so if you have something like that, then I know that every state in the United States has a diagnostic lab.

00:17:31.069 --> 00:17:34.160
<v Dr. Theresa Morishita>So you gotta go where your state diagnostic lab is.

00:17:34.640 --> 00:17:38.900
<v Dr. Theresa Morishita>And I believe that most counties have like an extension agent, right?

00:17:39.414 --> 00:17:47.890
<v Dr. Theresa Morishita>And you contact your local agent, you can contact your local veterinarian, they can help you to report that as well too.

00:17:48.250 --> 00:17:52.759
<v Dr. Theresa Morishita>But we do want to catch, potential outbreaks right away.

00:17:52.759 --> 00:17:55.220
<v Dr. Theresa Morishita>So what will happen is that we can suspect.

00:17:56.330 --> 00:18:02.550
<v Dr. Theresa Morishita>Even influenza and then they'll have people that come out and test it to see if it is or not,

00:18:03.000 --> 00:18:03.290
<v Jennifer>okay.

00:18:03.710 --> 00:18:08.025
<v Dr. Theresa Morishita>So you probably don't wanna go in there and say, oh, I wanna see it now you open the birds up.

00:18:08.025 --> 00:18:13.275
<v Dr. Theresa Morishita>Probably not when you see a lot of dead, and you wanna have somebody trained to do that.

00:18:15.225 --> 00:18:19.575
<v Jennifer>So will the state come in and eradicate your whole flock if they find that you have it?

00:18:20.995 --> 00:18:24.595
<v Dr. Theresa Morishita>Currently that was the procedure.

00:18:25.295 --> 00:18:32.875
<v Dr. Theresa Morishita>Because these are all we have to call our state and the federal veterinarian to be involved and they work on it now.

00:18:33.445 --> 00:18:34.045
<v Dr. Theresa Morishita>It's hard.

00:18:34.105 --> 00:18:45.390
<v Dr. Theresa Morishita>Yes, they have to get rid of that because the principle of that is that if they get rid of sources, then it won't go to your neighbor's farm.

00:18:46.395 --> 00:18:47.115
<v Dr. Theresa Morishita>And spread.

00:18:48.295 --> 00:18:49.825
<v Dr. Theresa Morishita>We're seeing more and more.

00:18:49.884 --> 00:19:04.015
<v Dr. Theresa Morishita>That's why in the early part of the H five and even now, you'll see a lot of depopulation, especially in the larger farms, because they're trying to control that spread from to other farms or to backyard.

00:19:04.450 --> 00:19:09.840
<v Dr. Theresa Morishita>Poultry flocks, and that's a hard thing for the backyard, poultry, because you bond with your birds too.

00:19:10.350 --> 00:19:19.110
<v Dr. Theresa Morishita>And some of you have grown your birds, especially the exhibition, poultry, certain genetic things that you have, right?

00:19:19.210 --> 00:19:19.750
<v Jennifer>Oh yeah.

00:19:20.170 --> 00:19:22.085
<v Jennifer>Does it pass vertically through the egg?

00:19:24.125 --> 00:19:29.325
<v Dr. Theresa Morishita>No, this is more it can, but this is more respiratory.

00:19:29.985 --> 00:19:30.225
<v Dr. Theresa Morishita>Okay.

00:19:30.945 --> 00:19:34.335
<v Dr. Theresa Morishita>And I didn't finish with the signs, but the main ones with,

00:19:34.475 --> 00:19:35.585
<v Jennifer>the main one's dead right?

00:19:35.585 --> 00:19:36.155
<v Jennifer>Respiratory,

00:19:37.235 --> 00:19:37.745
<v Dr. Theresa Morishita>well dead.

00:19:37.835 --> 00:19:43.025
<v Dr. Theresa Morishita>But if they, you see them alive, they're gonna have severe respiratory, so hard time breathing.

00:19:43.025 --> 00:19:45.065
<v Dr. Theresa Morishita>Breathing with the open mouth, right?

00:19:45.145 --> 00:19:50.275
<v Dr. Theresa Morishita>And then it also passes through the intestines, so the feces.

00:19:50.275 --> 00:19:54.755
<v Dr. Theresa Morishita>And in the more severe forms you can see them bloody diarrhea.

00:19:56.975 --> 00:19:57.215
<v Dr. Theresa Morishita>Okay.

00:19:57.845 --> 00:20:01.865
<v Jennifer>So that mimics a lot of other diseases though, those symptoms.

00:20:03.155 --> 00:20:03.365
<v Jennifer>Yeah.

00:20:03.415 --> 00:20:03.745
<v Dr. Theresa Morishita>Yeah.

00:20:04.195 --> 00:20:04.645
<v Jennifer>Yeah.

00:20:04.705 --> 00:20:07.645
<v Jennifer>So what if you had, and I'm just gonna, and coughing

00:20:07.645 --> 00:20:08.275
<v Dr. Theresa Morishita>out blood.

00:20:08.275 --> 00:20:08.305
<v Dr. Theresa Morishita>Oh.

00:20:08.725 --> 00:20:11.275
<v Dr. Theresa Morishita>And then the third one is neurologic signs.

00:20:11.275 --> 00:20:17.035
<v Dr. Theresa Morishita>So the head will be twisting, like we call that like a stargazing, like their head is twisted up.

00:20:18.145 --> 00:20:18.205
<v Dr. Theresa Morishita>Oh, okay.

00:20:18.205 --> 00:20:18.206
<v Dr. Theresa Morishita>Okay.

00:20:18.211 --> 00:20:21.625
<v Dr. Theresa Morishita>So the avian influenza has three clinical.

00:20:21.940 --> 00:20:32.840
<v Dr. Theresa Morishita>Forms the neurologic with your head twisting up, they have the digestive issues and then they have respiratory.

00:20:33.020 --> 00:20:34.730
<v Dr. Theresa Morishita>They can have one or all three.

00:20:35.000 --> 00:20:39.620
<v Dr. Theresa Morishita>So you see that kind of me thing in your flock, more likely you have avian influenza.

00:20:40.340 --> 00:20:45.170
<v Dr. Theresa Morishita>So that's why Can you distinguish it right away from others?

00:20:45.860 --> 00:20:47.060
<v Dr. Theresa Morishita>I always say that.

00:20:47.915 --> 00:20:50.465
<v Dr. Theresa Morishita>Virulent Newcastle can also be like that.

00:20:50.525 --> 00:20:52.715
<v Dr. Theresa Morishita>And that's also a concern.

00:20:52.715 --> 00:20:57.080
<v Dr. Theresa Morishita>At least here in California, and it's, to me, it's just as important.

00:20:58.160 --> 00:21:05.210
<v Dr. Theresa Morishita>It's a exotic disease coming into the United States, and those are very similar.

00:21:05.210 --> 00:21:07.790
<v Dr. Theresa Morishita>The only way you need, you gotta take it to the lab.

00:21:08.420 --> 00:21:10.100
<v Dr. Theresa Morishita>So you brought the question about.

00:21:11.120 --> 00:21:13.250
<v Dr. Theresa Morishita>It's very similar to other diseases.

00:21:13.880 --> 00:21:16.520
<v Dr. Theresa Morishita>So you should know your farm.

00:21:16.910 --> 00:21:19.790
<v Dr. Theresa Morishita>What kind of diseases do you have?

00:21:19.890 --> 00:21:25.770
<v Dr. Theresa Morishita>And if you see anything unusual, so bloody diarrhea, oh God, could be coccidia, right?

00:21:25.820 --> 00:21:28.610
<v Dr. Theresa Morishita>So take a look at the birds.

00:21:28.670 --> 00:21:35.210
<v Dr. Theresa Morishita>If there's a lot, if you see neurological sign now, co city is not gonna have respiratory difficulties.

00:21:35.780 --> 00:21:40.060
<v Dr. Theresa Morishita>You're not gonna see them like open mouth breathing or something, puffy heads.

00:21:40.780 --> 00:21:55.020
<v Dr. Theresa Morishita>So that's how we would look at the birds and you can tell that, but that's where it's important to at least work with a local veterinarian or someone.

00:21:55.600 --> 00:21:58.840
<v Dr. Theresa Morishita>Some states are really helpful for the backyard.

00:21:59.185 --> 00:21:59.725
<v Dr. Theresa Morishita>Flock.

00:21:59.725 --> 00:22:07.134
<v Dr. Theresa Morishita>So get to know your state and what they can do for, the individual flock owners.

00:22:07.465 --> 00:23:10.454
<v Dr. Theresa Morishita>Because some states they have programs where backyard flock owners can send birds or whatever, or but for whether it's Cox City or not, your local veterinarian can do a fecal exam or, but you know best because you work with your birds every day.

00:23:12.255 --> 00:23:13.154
<v Jennifer>Observation.

00:23:13.904 --> 00:23:13.964
<v Jennifer>Yeah.

00:23:13.964 --> 00:23:14.625
<v Jennifer>We preach that

00:23:14.714 --> 00:23:15.045
<v Dr. Theresa Morishita>a lot.

00:23:15.045 --> 00:23:16.005
<v Dr. Theresa Morishita>Observation.

00:23:17.384 --> 00:23:17.454
<v Carey>Knowing

00:23:17.555 --> 00:23:18.970
<v Dr. Theresa Morishita>and knowing what's normal.

00:23:19.019 --> 00:23:19.440
<v Jennifer>Yes.

00:23:19.470 --> 00:23:19.799
<v Carey>Yeah.

00:23:21.134 --> 00:23:22.710
<v Carey>Now, one question I have

00:23:23.099 --> 00:23:23.430
<v Dr. Theresa Morishita>Yeah.

00:23:24.269 --> 00:23:32.099
<v Carey>Is there anything you can do from a nutritional standpoint to build up a strong immune system in your bird?

00:23:32.099 --> 00:23:32.130
<v Carey>I.

00:23:32.414 --> 00:23:38.055
<v Carey>To try to prevent that or prevent them from getting any kind of diseases.

00:23:39.055 --> 00:23:45.115
<v Dr. Theresa Morishita>I know that some researchers are looking at what do you call that?

00:23:45.805 --> 00:23:50.065
<v Dr. Theresa Morishita>More immune strain or less susceptible to certain diseases.

00:23:50.115 --> 00:23:52.565
<v Dr. Theresa Morishita>But that's not in the general population.

00:23:52.565 --> 00:24:02.305
<v Dr. Theresa Morishita>And most backyard flux have you like a certain breed or you like your certain genetic exhibition poultry that you have, yeah.

00:24:03.125 --> 00:24:08.805
<v Dr. Theresa Morishita>That type of, is a lot of research and a lot of money going into that research develop.

00:24:09.240 --> 00:24:13.859
<v Dr. Theresa Morishita>Potential strains, but that's happening more like in the commercial,

00:24:14.220 --> 00:24:15.120
<v Jennifer>that makes sense.

00:24:15.120 --> 00:24:15.960
<v Jennifer>Money talks.

00:24:15.960 --> 00:24:16.079
<v Jennifer>That's

00:24:17.125 --> 00:24:17.285
<v Carey>right.

00:24:19.529 --> 00:24:19.799
<v Jennifer>Alright.

00:24:19.849 --> 00:24:30.585
<v Dr. Theresa Morishita>But they, but the only, yeah, the only thing for backyard flock is if, certain breeds are more resistant or whatever, through your own observation.

00:24:30.585 --> 00:24:30.690
<v Dr. Theresa Morishita>Gotcha.

00:24:32.579 --> 00:24:37.829
<v Jennifer>All right, so let's talk about what some, what you can do to protect your backyard flocks.

00:24:39.269 --> 00:24:42.329
<v Dr. Theresa Morishita>So what you could do to protect your backyard flock.

00:24:42.329 --> 00:24:44.099
<v Dr. Theresa Morishita>The number one is biosecurity.

00:24:44.460 --> 00:24:48.900
<v Dr. Theresa Morishita>So bio stands for life and security implies some sort of protection.

00:24:49.470 --> 00:25:08.400
<v Dr. Theresa Morishita>So basically, like we talked about how to prevent germs from getting germs of the virus from getting into your flock and vice versa, how to stop your, if you have a disease from it spreading to your neighbors, right?

00:25:08.910 --> 00:25:09.120
<v Jennifer>cause we

00:25:09.120 --> 00:25:12.630
<v Dr. Theresa Morishita>all want to be responsible flock owners.

00:25:14.400 --> 00:25:24.440
<v Dr. Theresa Morishita>And so we talked about being conscious of what we do and what kind of activities we do, and.

00:25:25.099 --> 00:25:33.680
<v Dr. Theresa Morishita>We wanna make sure that whatever clothes we wear and shoes are clean when we're dealing with our animals, right?

00:25:34.190 --> 00:25:35.150
<v Dr. Theresa Morishita>So that's number one.

00:25:35.390 --> 00:25:38.359
<v Dr. Theresa Morishita>And you may have seen pictures in the commercial industry.

00:25:38.569 --> 00:25:43.250
<v Dr. Theresa Morishita>We wear Tyvek suits whenever we go to a farm, boots and stuff.

00:25:43.279 --> 00:25:58.789
<v Dr. Theresa Morishita>Now you don't have to go to that degree, but you can have a dedicated clothes that you use for your flocks and not for working with other birds, and the other one too is knowing the source of your birds that are coming in.

00:26:00.259 --> 00:26:12.535
<v Dr. Theresa Morishita>A lot of the people that you should know what is my background diseases that I have in my flock, so I know what potential some of them have you heard of the disease mycoplasma?

00:26:13.075 --> 00:26:14.095
<v Dr. Theresa Morishita>So there's a lot of.

00:26:14.470 --> 00:26:23.269
<v Dr. Theresa Morishita>While there's less in commercial industry in the backyard flock, there's not as much regulations in part of the National Poultry improvement plan.

00:26:23.750 --> 00:26:27.980
<v Dr. Theresa Morishita>So some of, most of the birds are mycoplasma positive.

00:26:27.980 --> 00:26:35.200
<v Dr. Theresa Morishita>So if you've got mycoplasma positive free, positive birds, it's your birds, so you're gonna keep them.

00:26:35.680 --> 00:26:39.069
<v Dr. Theresa Morishita>But you have to realize that I might have to be more.

00:26:40.644 --> 00:27:00.870
<v Dr. Theresa Morishita>Careful of how I house my birds at night, that I wanna make sure that there's enough ventilation that especially in the wintertime, there's not ammonia buildup that can cause or the mycoplasma can or exacerbate that and they will get like more prone to respiratory diseases.

00:27:01.605 --> 00:27:08.384
<v Dr. Theresa Morishita>So just knowing what diseases you have and so what potentially makes you a risk factor.

00:27:08.390 --> 00:27:08.630
<v Dr. Theresa Morishita>Okay.

00:27:09.390 --> 00:27:28.289
<v Dr. Theresa Morishita>So knowing your birds, getting, trying to get the best source that you can feeding them good quality food because we do know and probably carry no excessive nutritionist if you don't give good food quality their immune system, they can't fully develop their immune system as well, right?

00:27:28.505 --> 00:27:29.884
<v Dr. Theresa Morishita>And, clean water.

00:27:30.065 --> 00:27:42.745
<v Dr. Theresa Morishita>Always clean water because, if you don't keep your water at shoulder level for birds they have a tendency they can poop in it and whatever that bird has, whatever disease can spread through the flock.

00:27:42.745 --> 00:27:50.039
<v Dr. Theresa Morishita>So you wanna make sure that your water is lifted, at least shoulder high for the chickens so that they can drink.

00:27:50.295 --> 00:27:52.275
<v Dr. Theresa Morishita>Without pooping in that container.

00:27:52.575 --> 00:27:55.785
<v Dr. Theresa Morishita>And then you try to clean that container if you can, daily.

00:27:55.785 --> 00:27:57.825
<v Dr. Theresa Morishita>That's always good hygiene.

00:27:57.914 --> 00:27:59.625
<v Dr. Theresa Morishita>So you're keeping your birds well.

00:28:00.644 --> 00:28:07.105
<v Dr. Theresa Morishita>And the other thing, like you said, is being aware, am I under a fly zone or not?

00:28:08.424 --> 00:28:12.444
<v Dr. Theresa Morishita>Do I have, do I invite other birds in?

00:28:12.444 --> 00:28:17.335
<v Dr. Theresa Morishita>Because some of us that like birds also like to feed the songbirds.

00:28:18.595 --> 00:28:19.615
<v Dr. Theresa Morishita>Bird feeders in.

00:28:20.365 --> 00:28:23.875
<v Dr. Theresa Morishita>So again, that's bringing potential.

00:28:23.875 --> 00:28:26.065
<v Dr. Theresa Morishita>You don't know the health status of the birds.

00:28:26.275 --> 00:28:28.375
<v Dr. Theresa Morishita>You're bringing them into your flock.

00:28:28.375 --> 00:28:30.204
<v Dr. Theresa Morishita>And of course, chicken sea.

00:28:30.234 --> 00:28:32.575
<v Dr. Theresa Morishita>Ooh, bird feed that fell on the ground.

00:28:32.575 --> 00:28:34.285
<v Dr. Theresa Morishita>I'm gonna go under there and peck it.

00:28:34.535 --> 00:28:38.490
<v Dr. Theresa Morishita>Unfortunately, those songbird also poop there, and then they'll be exposed.

00:28:38.660 --> 00:28:46.519
<v Dr. Theresa Morishita>So if we're serious about our chickens and keeping them clean, we probably don't wanna have bird feeders where the chickens have access to.

00:28:46.700 --> 00:28:47.420
<v Dr. Theresa Morishita>And so another.

00:28:47.470 --> 00:28:49.349
<v Dr. Theresa Morishita>Another thing too is the feeding.

00:28:49.349 --> 00:28:50.549
<v Dr. Theresa Morishita>Where are you feeding your birds?

00:28:50.549 --> 00:28:59.039
<v Dr. Theresa Morishita>So if I've got pasture raised birds and I'm just putting the food out there, other wild birds say, Ooh, free food source, I'm gonna, and free water.

00:28:59.039 --> 00:29:00.329
<v Dr. Theresa Morishita>I'm gonna go over there and eat.

00:29:00.944 --> 00:29:03.615
<v Dr. Theresa Morishita>Again, that's just like your bird feeder, right?

00:29:04.305 --> 00:29:06.855
<v Dr. Theresa Morishita>So we have to be conscious where we're gonna feed them.

00:29:07.154 --> 00:29:14.474
<v Dr. Theresa Morishita>So during these high risk times, it's probably good to feed them early in the morning in an enclosed area.

00:29:14.474 --> 00:29:14.535
<v Dr. Theresa Morishita>I.

00:29:15.210 --> 00:29:20.819
<v Dr. Theresa Morishita>Make sure that songbirds, you gotta look at the fencing diameter that doesn't allow songbirds through.

00:29:21.359 --> 00:29:26.220
<v Dr. Theresa Morishita>Let them eat the food and then you can let them out on the grounds, right?

00:29:26.519 --> 00:29:34.380
<v Dr. Theresa Morishita>So those are all things, we just have to think what wild things come and get exposed to our animals.

00:29:34.500 --> 00:29:37.620
<v Jennifer>Can mice and rats track it in?

00:29:38.400 --> 00:29:38.640
<v Dr. Theresa Morishita>We don't.

00:29:41.309 --> 00:29:51.299
<v Dr. Theresa Morishita>Have that information yet, but if you look at all the animals that are in infected potential,

00:29:51.690 --> 00:29:52.710
<v Jennifer>it makes sense.

00:29:52.710 --> 00:29:53.400
<v Jennifer>Yeah, it makes sense.

00:29:53.454 --> 00:29:54.474
<v Dr. Theresa Morishita>It makes sense.

00:29:54.505 --> 00:29:57.115
<v Jennifer>They walk through the manure, then step on the feed.

00:29:57.535 --> 00:29:58.375
<v Dr. Theresa Morishita>And we know that.

00:29:58.454 --> 00:30:04.305
<v Dr. Theresa Morishita>Rats and rodents can perpetuate like a salmonella enters on a farm.

00:30:04.875 --> 00:30:07.184
<v Dr. Theresa Morishita>So rodent control for all poultry.

00:30:07.724 --> 00:30:08.164
<v Dr. Theresa Morishita>They're out there.

00:30:08.245 --> 00:30:10.625
<v Dr. Theresa Morishita>So having a rodent control is really important,

00:30:10.775 --> 00:30:11.555
<v Jennifer>it is.

00:30:12.575 --> 00:30:17.755
<v Dr. Theresa Morishita>So those are all part of the biosecurity picking up the dead right away.

00:30:18.144 --> 00:30:26.335
<v Dr. Theresa Morishita>Now if you have your like dead and that's a lot of dead, like multiple of your flocks, then you have to watch out.

00:30:26.335 --> 00:30:32.125
<v Dr. Theresa Morishita>And that's why I would call, if you have so many dead a flock, you might have one or two dead.

00:30:32.420 --> 00:30:37.819
<v Dr. Theresa Morishita>And backyard flocks are smaller, so you're not gonna have that much like mortality, right?

00:30:37.870 --> 00:30:40.805
<v Dr. Theresa Morishita>Unless you're a poor keeper of poultry.

00:30:42.845 --> 00:30:43.204
<v Dr. Theresa Morishita>Yeah.

00:30:44.265 --> 00:30:47.775
<v Dr. Theresa Morishita>You don't see too much mortality of your flock are healthy.

00:30:47.775 --> 00:30:52.095
<v Dr. Theresa Morishita>Because chickens, we're talking about chickens here, but also they're pretty strong.

00:30:53.509 --> 00:30:56.390
<v Dr. Theresa Morishita>They can live up to 25 years in captivity.

00:30:56.839 --> 00:30:57.529
<v Jennifer>Really?

00:30:57.589 --> 00:30:58.214
<v Jennifer>25?

00:30:58.315 --> 00:30:58.535
<v Jennifer>Yes.

00:30:58.995 --> 00:30:59.214
<v Dr. Theresa Morishita>Yes.

00:30:59.750 --> 00:31:01.700
<v Jennifer>I have two that are 12.

00:31:02.240 --> 00:31:04.190
<v Dr. Theresa Morishita>Oh, see, you're taking good care.

00:31:06.620 --> 00:31:08.599
<v Jennifer>I took good care'cause I just threw'em out.

00:31:08.599 --> 00:31:11.029
<v Jennifer>They're on their own and they still ticking'em along.

00:31:11.174 --> 00:31:11.454
<v Jennifer>Yeah.

00:31:12.799 --> 00:31:12.950
<v Jennifer>And

00:31:12.950 --> 00:31:14.240
<v Dr. Theresa Morishita>geese are like 40.

00:31:14.809 --> 00:31:15.289
<v Dr. Theresa Morishita>Oh wow.

00:31:16.875 --> 00:31:21.990
<v Dr. Theresa Morishita>So if they're for the chickens they can live long, but most of them, those get those old hands.

00:31:21.990 --> 00:31:24.299
<v Dr. Theresa Morishita>Are those reproductive problems,

00:31:24.599 --> 00:31:24.900
<v Jennifer>all right.

00:31:24.900 --> 00:31:25.829
<v Jennifer>I have a question.

00:31:25.829 --> 00:31:27.690
<v Jennifer>Can humans get the bird flu?

00:31:28.230 --> 00:31:29.430
<v Dr. Theresa Morishita>Yes, we can.

00:31:30.180 --> 00:31:31.890
<v Dr. Theresa Morishita>Can we give it back to the birds?

00:31:33.299 --> 00:31:35.970
<v Dr. Theresa Morishita>There's always that potential that you can do.

00:31:35.970 --> 00:31:42.849
<v Dr. Theresa Morishita>You see the wide host range of birds, and we notice that from the outbreaks that occurred, let's say waterfowl.

00:31:42.894 --> 00:31:46.075
<v Dr. Theresa Morishita>And it's like they died from this too.

00:31:46.495 --> 00:31:48.144
<v Dr. Theresa Morishita>And so they die along the lake.

00:31:48.144 --> 00:31:48.894
<v Dr. Theresa Morishita>And who's eating it?

00:31:48.894 --> 00:31:49.765
<v Dr. Theresa Morishita>The bald eagle.

00:31:49.855 --> 00:31:54.714
<v Dr. Theresa Morishita>And he gets affected by influenza, the foxes, whatever.

00:31:54.714 --> 00:31:59.214
<v Dr. Theresa Morishita>You have the car carnivorous animals out there, they get infected, right?

00:31:59.325 --> 00:31:59.444
<v Jennifer>And

00:31:59.444 --> 00:32:03.474
<v Dr. Theresa Morishita>we've also seen on the East coast and in South America.

00:32:04.120 --> 00:32:05.380
<v Dr. Theresa Morishita>Sea lions get.

00:32:05.380 --> 00:32:06.849
<v Dr. Theresa Morishita>Now how are they gonna get that?

00:32:06.849 --> 00:32:13.390
<v Dr. Theresa Morishita>Because infected seagulls, like the birds might die and then they die in the water and somebody says, Ooh, easy food.

00:32:13.450 --> 00:32:14.799
<v Dr. Theresa Morishita>And then just eat it, right?

00:32:16.059 --> 00:32:16.329
<v Jennifer>And so

00:32:16.329 --> 00:32:18.130
<v Dr. Theresa Morishita>we see a whole variety.

00:32:18.130 --> 00:32:22.000
<v Dr. Theresa Morishita>So dogs, cats, all have influenza.

00:32:22.000 --> 00:32:28.809
<v Dr. Theresa Morishita>Now we've seen, like in certain parts of the United States, like in California, there's also been canine influenza.

00:32:29.230 --> 00:32:29.980
<v Dr. Theresa Morishita>And so do.

00:32:30.490 --> 00:32:31.509
<v Dr. Theresa Morishita>It's this mixture.

00:32:31.509 --> 00:32:38.950
<v Dr. Theresa Morishita>And we do know that the big pandemic, the worldwide pandemic that had was like swine mixed with other animals.

00:32:38.950 --> 00:32:50.140
<v Dr. Theresa Morishita>And then when you have this mutation of the different things and it goes into the human, and once it gets easily transferred to the humans, that's how you can spread.

00:32:50.140 --> 00:32:54.250
<v Dr. Theresa Morishita>'cause once it's spread from human to human easily, then.

00:32:54.579 --> 00:32:56.380
<v Dr. Theresa Morishita>Then we'll get some kind of pandemic.

00:32:56.380 --> 00:33:03.370
<v Dr. Theresa Morishita>So that's also a reason why in the early days they try to eliminate all these potential flocks, right?

00:33:03.670 --> 00:33:11.759
<v Dr. Theresa Morishita>'cause we don't want to have any worldwide pandemics, and that hard thing too, if that's your pet you have to you.

00:33:11.819 --> 00:33:15.329
<v Dr. Theresa Morishita>But that was done to help protect, the.

00:33:15.704 --> 00:33:37.964
<v Dr. Theresa Morishita>Health of your neighbor's animals as well as potential spread because that influenza virus, has a lot of animals can be infected, different strains, but those strains can come together and mutate'cause'cause when two different strains they can mutate and transfer those little surface proteins.

00:33:40.394 --> 00:33:41.565
<v Jennifer>And then we got a hot mint.

00:33:42.194 --> 00:33:42.495
<v Dr. Theresa Morishita>Yeah.

00:33:42.495 --> 00:33:43.934
<v Dr. Theresa Morishita>So we wanna prevent that.

00:33:43.934 --> 00:33:46.605
<v Dr. Theresa Morishita>We don't need no other pandemic again, right?

00:33:46.964 --> 00:33:47.714
<v Jennifer>Gosh, no.

00:33:48.625 --> 00:33:48.894
<v Jennifer>Nope.

00:33:49.954 --> 00:33:52.894
<v Jennifer>All right, let's move to the q and a side.

00:33:52.984 --> 00:33:58.714
<v Jennifer>So I had put it out on Facebook, and we got several really good questions back.

00:33:59.154 --> 00:34:04.375
<v Jennifer>So Bantam fave asks if a vaccine can be developed.

00:34:06.174 --> 00:34:11.605
<v Dr. Theresa Morishita>There are vaccines that are used in Europe and Mexico has been using vaccines too.

00:34:12.130 --> 00:34:17.519
<v Dr. Theresa Morishita>And the thought was that is should we use vaccines or not?

00:34:17.640 --> 00:34:22.950
<v Dr. Theresa Morishita>And that's up to the US Department of Agriculture, whether they approve it or not.

00:34:23.460 --> 00:34:27.360
<v Dr. Theresa Morishita>So I believe they're looking at that right now.

00:34:27.990 --> 00:34:28.320
<v Jennifer>Okay.

00:34:28.370 --> 00:34:29.570
<v Dr. Theresa Morishita>And seeing what.

00:34:29.855 --> 00:34:45.260
<v Dr. Theresa Morishita>We can do one of the things that if we do use the vaccine, one of the hesitancies of using it before was trade because some countries don't want vaccinated or

00:34:46.025 --> 00:34:46.514
<v Jennifer>products.

00:34:46.564 --> 00:34:46.983
<v Jennifer>Gotcha.

00:34:47.354 --> 00:34:47.903
<v Jennifer>Makes sense.

00:34:48.044 --> 00:34:48.264
<v Jennifer>And

00:34:48.269 --> 00:34:50.759
<v Dr. Theresa Morishita>that would hit hurt the US agriculture.

00:34:50.909 --> 00:34:51.509
<v Jennifer>Yes.

00:34:53.459 --> 00:34:53.999
<v Jennifer>Okay.

00:34:53.999 --> 00:35:02.818
<v Jennifer>Deb is asking about euthanizing the whole flock instead of allowing the survivors to create a stronger flock, can we breed for resistance?

00:35:04.298 --> 00:35:13.458
<v Dr. Theresa Morishita>That's one way to do for the survivor, but as some of the tactics that are used is that they they will euthanize whole flock currently.

00:35:14.478 --> 00:35:16.458
<v Dr. Theresa Morishita>Whether that changes in the future.

00:35:17.013 --> 00:35:34.648
<v Dr. Theresa Morishita>We don't know, and one of the things also that they euthanize a flock is that, can we guarantee each individual that has influenza can keep their birds safe and not expose or not spread that disease, right?

00:35:35.008 --> 00:35:35.998
<v Jennifer>That's a true statement.

00:35:38.713 --> 00:35:39.763
<v Jennifer>All right.

00:35:39.823 --> 00:35:45.883
<v Jennifer>Amy asks, why are shows being canceled when they don't seem to be a source of issues?

00:35:48.103 --> 00:35:52.573
<v Dr. Theresa Morita>I believe that the shows are being canceled as a precautionary.

00:35:53.023 --> 00:35:57.553
<v Dr. Theresa Morita>Because your bird may look great, but maybe.

00:35:58.153 --> 00:35:59.863
<v Dr. Theresa Morita>He got exposed early on.

00:35:59.863 --> 00:36:06.923
<v Dr. Theresa Morita>He's not showing signs, but he's shedding and the shows that I'm familiar with, we have.

00:36:07.868 --> 00:36:09.698
<v Dr. Theresa Morishita>Wire cage next to wire cage.

00:36:09.698 --> 00:36:10.898
<v Dr. Theresa Morishita>Next to wire cage.

00:36:11.138 --> 00:36:14.318
<v Dr. Theresa Morishita>So if one bird's infected, it's easily spread.

00:36:14.318 --> 00:36:21.458
<v Dr. Theresa Morishita>And actually a more common disease that a spread through exhibition is infectious laryn tracheitis.

00:36:23.258 --> 00:36:28.718
<v Dr. Theresa Morishita>And that's why if you ever take your birds off from your farm, you wanna make sure that they're.

00:36:29.133 --> 00:36:38.883
<v Dr. Theresa Morishita>At least quarantine for three to four weeks in a separate area from your main flock, because diseases show about two weeks.

00:36:38.883 --> 00:36:40.743
<v Dr. Theresa Morishita>We call that the incubation period.

00:36:41.733 --> 00:36:44.643
<v Dr. Theresa Morishita>So the best is to keep them isolated.

00:36:44.673 --> 00:36:49.113
<v Dr. Theresa Morishita>You work with them last so that your main flock doesn't get infected,

00:36:49.293 --> 00:36:49.893
<v Jennifer>all right.

00:36:50.053 --> 00:36:52.993
<v Jennifer>I had two other questions, but I think we already answered those.

00:36:53.493 --> 00:37:01.083
<v Jennifer>So Michael wants to know how that you can develop a flock health program for yourself.

00:37:02.343 --> 00:37:03.963
<v Jennifer>Would that just be the biosecurity?

00:37:04.513 --> 00:37:04.873
<v Dr. Theresa Morishita>No.

00:37:04.923 --> 00:37:08.913
<v Dr. Theresa Morishita>I would say for all flocks is that.

00:37:09.483 --> 00:37:15.603
<v Dr. Theresa Morishita>You work with someone local and you try to know what diseases do I have?

00:37:16.053 --> 00:37:20.373
<v Dr. Theresa Morishita>And you go just like how we go to the doctors and we might take a whole physical exam.

00:37:21.993 --> 00:37:23.493
<v Dr. Theresa Morishita>You wanna know what's in your flock.

00:37:23.703 --> 00:37:27.663
<v Dr. Theresa Morishita>When you know what's in your flock, you know what you can vaccinate for.

00:37:27.933 --> 00:37:31.843
<v Dr. Theresa Morishita>You know what you might have worms, you might have coccidia.

00:37:32.173 --> 00:37:33.553
<v Dr. Theresa Morishita>You know what that is?

00:37:34.213 --> 00:37:41.593
<v Dr. Theresa Morishita>So we always say, whenever you're getting new birds, keep'em in quarantine and run'em for all these diseases.

00:37:41.833 --> 00:37:55.993
<v Dr. Theresa Morishita>Because what I will say, let's say worms or mites and lice, it's a big headache once you get that into your farm to have to treat them all the time because, the roundworm egg can live in the soil a very long time.

00:37:56.743 --> 00:37:56.953
<v Jennifer>Yeah.

00:37:56.953 --> 00:37:57.133
<v Jennifer>And

00:37:57.133 --> 00:38:05.783
<v Dr. Theresa Morishita>so easily, once you get it you're gonna have to treat, your future flocks that way, and treating is money, right?

00:38:05.933 --> 00:38:17.413
<v Dr. Theresa Morishita>So the better is to know what you're coming in have, unfortunately, you have to spend that work with somebody to get what the, if there are positive for worms or not.

00:38:18.433 --> 00:38:24.073
<v Dr. Theresa Morishita>And if there are no worms or whatever, then you can have them with the rest of your flop, right?

00:38:24.763 --> 00:38:28.833
<v Dr. Theresa Morishita>So you gotta know, you have to know, which is for, you said Michael, right?

00:38:29.133 --> 00:38:29.283
<v Jennifer>I was

00:38:29.283 --> 00:38:30.303
<v Dr. Theresa Morishita>asking that question.

00:38:30.603 --> 00:38:35.583
<v Dr. Theresa Morishita>So knowing what you have in your flock is most important, knowing that you don't bring it in.

00:38:35.583 --> 00:38:39.323
<v Dr. Theresa Morishita>So there is testing periodic, that you wanna do

00:38:39.373 --> 00:38:39.673
<v Jennifer>okay.

00:38:39.673 --> 00:38:39.823
<v Jennifer>And

00:38:39.823 --> 00:38:46.303
<v Dr. Theresa Morishita>I think there's no greater time than like some of the labs, especially those states that have big poultry.

00:38:47.023 --> 00:38:56.413
<v Dr. Theresa Morishita>Industries there, they help subsidize some of the backyard flocks so that they can run, so that they will know what's in their state too.

00:38:56.413 --> 00:38:59.863
<v Dr. Theresa Morishita>So the costs might be much less,

00:39:00.163 --> 00:39:01.273
<v Jennifer>oh, that's good information.

00:39:01.633 --> 00:39:01.933
<v Dr. Theresa Morishita>Yeah.

00:39:03.313 --> 00:39:03.673
<v Jennifer>All right.

00:39:03.673 --> 00:39:09.193
<v Jennifer>Craig is asking, how is it getting into the commercial flocks with all of their biosecurity?

00:39:10.783 --> 00:39:17.743
<v Dr. Theresa Morishita>Probably the same way that our farms, if they're on a migratory flyway, you know?

00:39:18.123 --> 00:39:28.043
<v Dr. Theresa Morishita>We, they have very good biosecurity, biosecurity is only too strong as the workers or help that you get on that farm.

00:39:28.043 --> 00:39:34.523
<v Dr. Theresa Morishita>And then we have to be cognizant, like we mentioned before, are there activities that I do that might not be good?

00:39:34.793 --> 00:39:36.713
<v Jennifer>You are only as strong as your weakest link, right?

00:39:36.778 --> 00:39:37.358
<v Carey>That's right.

00:39:39.083 --> 00:39:39.473
<v Jennifer>All right.

00:39:39.473 --> 00:39:46.223
<v Jennifer>Kristen wants to know if it can jump to other animals like goats or rabbits, and you said yes, right?

00:39:46.373 --> 00:39:46.553
<v Dr. Theresa Morishita>Yeah.

00:39:46.553 --> 00:39:55.223
<v Dr. Theresa Morishita>I don't know about rabbits yet, but because maybe they don't get exposed, they don't eat birds or like carcasses.

00:39:55.273 --> 00:39:56.053
<v Jennifer>Ah, gotcha.

00:39:56.353 --> 00:39:57.763
<v Dr. Theresa Morishita>Like we were talking about rodents.

00:39:57.973 --> 00:40:00.133
<v Dr. Theresa Morishita>Rodents might probably eat some dead bird.

00:40:01.928 --> 00:40:02.298
<v Jennifer>Yeah, yeah.

00:40:03.178 --> 00:40:08.398
<v Jennifer>I happen to know Kristen and so she probably keeps her rabbits up on wire and hutches'cause she shows.

00:40:08.728 --> 00:40:13.108
<v Jennifer>So there's a lot of crossover between showing chickens and showing rabbits.

00:40:13.113 --> 00:40:18.713
<v Jennifer>So just good hand washing and keeping clean stuff is probably the best thing you can do.

00:40:18.763 --> 00:40:19.063
<v Dr. Theresa Morishita>Yep.

00:40:19.423 --> 00:40:19.483
<v Dr. Theresa Morishita>Yeah.

00:40:20.413 --> 00:40:25.303
<v Dr. Theresa Morishita>Their food source is, is not like some infected bird.

00:40:25.413 --> 00:40:34.593
<v Dr. Theresa Morishita>And we don't have birds like they say a lot of the, like on a pond, when the birds take off, they fly and they flutter their wings, right?

00:40:34.628 --> 00:40:39.003
<v Dr. Theresa Morishita>And that aerosolizes a lot of the water.

00:40:39.403 --> 00:40:40.543
<v Dr. Theresa Morishita>That's very similar.

00:40:40.543 --> 00:40:41.683
<v Dr. Theresa Morishita>So you got a lot of water.

00:40:41.683 --> 00:40:45.013
<v Dr. Theresa Morishita>So that's how all the birds can be infected.

00:40:45.013 --> 00:40:51.283
<v Dr. Theresa Morishita>And if you think about like in a dairy operation, all the cows come into milk, there's a lot of water.

00:40:51.283 --> 00:40:54.133
<v Dr. Theresa Morishita>'cause somebody's gotta wash that utter down, right?

00:40:54.133 --> 00:40:54.262
<v Jennifer>And

00:40:54.307 --> 00:40:58.077
<v Dr. Theresa Morita>there's a lot of wet aerosolization in there too.

00:40:58.527 --> 00:40:59.997
<v Dr. Theresa Morita>So that's probably why.

00:41:01.357 --> 00:41:04.507
<v Dr. Theresa Morita>When the outbreak in dairy cattle, you can see a lot of the workers.

00:41:05.497 --> 00:41:07.777
<v Dr. Theresa Morita>In there because they're exposed to that,

00:41:07.957 --> 00:41:08.257
<v Jennifer>all right.

00:41:08.257 --> 00:41:14.737
<v Jennifer>Homestead matters is asking what is the reasonable threat of it happening in a backyard flock?

00:41:15.187 --> 00:41:17.832
<v Dr. Theresa Morishita>Oh, can I finish out about that different, oh yeah.

00:41:17.832 --> 00:41:18.992
<v Dr. Theresa Morishita>That different animal.

00:41:19.012 --> 00:41:29.887
<v Dr. Theresa Morishita>So mentioned, somebody said goats, but I believe that there was a most recent report in England that they also found that now in sheep, it was in Europe.

00:41:30.037 --> 00:41:30.427
<v Dr. Theresa Morishita>Yeah.

00:41:30.472 --> 00:41:30.532
<v Dr. Theresa Morishita>So

00:41:32.452 --> 00:41:33.052
<v Jennifer>possible.

00:41:33.262 --> 00:41:33.712
<v Dr. Theresa Morishita>Possible.

00:41:33.712 --> 00:41:34.012
<v Dr. Theresa Morishita>Yeah.

00:41:34.222 --> 00:41:36.982
<v Dr. Theresa Morishita>'cause they're eating the grass that maybe birds had pooped on.

00:41:38.182 --> 00:41:39.022
<v Jennifer>Makes sense.

00:41:39.992 --> 00:41:41.672
<v Dr. Theresa Morishita>I'm sorry, what was the next question?

00:41:42.032 --> 00:41:45.932
<v Jennifer>What is the reasonable threat of it happening in a backyard flock?

00:41:46.092 --> 00:41:47.772
<v Jennifer>Is there a percentage?

00:41:49.002 --> 00:41:49.512
<v Dr. Theresa Morishita>I don't know.

00:41:49.512 --> 00:41:58.342
<v Dr. Theresa Morishita>I could actually see a percentage because it depends on your risk factor for each individual farm, if I had some birds in my backyard.

00:41:58.717 --> 00:42:02.797
<v Dr. Theresa Morishita>Then I probably have a low risk,'cause I'm in like an urban setting.

00:42:03.187 --> 00:42:04.867
<v Dr. Theresa Morishita>We have no Flyway here,

00:42:05.107 --> 00:42:14.857
<v Jennifer>so if you lived along the, say the Mississippi River, your threat would be higher than if you lived in the desert, probably.

00:42:15.337 --> 00:42:16.087
<v Jennifer>Makes sense.

00:42:16.897 --> 00:42:18.457
<v Carey>Yeah, makes perfect sense.

00:42:19.847 --> 00:42:22.397
<v Jennifer>I think, there was one more, but I think we already answered it.

00:42:22.397 --> 00:42:27.557
<v Jennifer>It was about a vaccine, I think that was all of our questions, and I'm gonna have to say something.

00:42:27.557 --> 00:42:29.717
<v Jennifer>I'm gonna put it out here for the public record.

00:42:30.167 --> 00:42:37.217
<v Jennifer>I was of the opinion that you breed for resistance, but you have explained it in such a way that it makes sense.

00:42:37.577 --> 00:42:40.367
<v Jennifer>The depopulating, I'm gonna have to say that

00:42:41.987 --> 00:42:43.757
<v Dr. Theresa Morishita>it's a sad thing, and we have to get.

00:42:44.117 --> 00:42:45.977
<v Dr. Theresa Morishita>It's our flock that is affected.

00:42:45.977 --> 00:42:54.677
<v Dr. Theresa Morishita>But if you think for the greater good, and that's why they always say if you've got some unique genetic stock, you never wanna keep them.

00:42:54.677 --> 00:42:55.697
<v Dr. Theresa Morishita>Only in your farm.

00:42:55.697 --> 00:42:58.427
<v Dr. Theresa Morishita>You might know a neighbor and you say, oh, here's my breed.

00:42:58.427 --> 00:43:00.977
<v Dr. Theresa Morishita>Can you help me maintain this flock?

00:43:00.977 --> 00:43:07.437
<v Dr. Theresa Morishita>So let's say you live in Tennessee and I live in California or something.

00:43:07.437 --> 00:43:09.807
<v Dr. Theresa Morishita>You might, when you have your breed stock.

00:43:10.377 --> 00:43:11.157
<v Dr. Theresa Morishita>That you like.

00:43:11.217 --> 00:43:15.087
<v Dr. Theresa Morishita>That's why they keep it in another place, a far location,

00:43:15.357 --> 00:43:15.447
<v Jennifer>and

00:43:15.457 --> 00:43:17.647
<v Dr. Theresa Morishita>not on the same site if you've got this.

00:43:18.157 --> 00:43:28.557
<v Dr. Theresa Morishita>So I know some people that were exhibition and they have 20 years they've been working with this breed that they've been gen the color pattern or whatever, so they.

00:43:28.722 --> 00:43:30.432
<v Dr. Theresa Morishita>That's the safest thing.

00:43:30.432 --> 00:43:34.422
<v Dr. Theresa Morishita>They always, we, we do that in the commercial breeder flocks.

00:43:34.422 --> 00:43:37.652
<v Dr. Theresa Morishita>If there's certain breeders they're located different spots.

00:43:37.652 --> 00:43:39.332
<v Dr. Theresa Morishita>You don't keep'em all in one spot.

00:43:39.752 --> 00:43:42.482
<v Dr. Theresa Morishita>'cause if you got a disease that kills it right there.

00:43:42.537 --> 00:43:46.377
<v Dr. Theresa Morishita>But now that we have even influenza, you gotta be very careful because you can't be.

00:43:47.502 --> 00:43:51.612
<v Dr. Theresa Morishita>Transferring things state line if you've got nearby, right?

00:43:52.722 --> 00:43:52.782
<v Dr. Theresa Morishita>Yeah.

00:43:53.022 --> 00:43:55.112
<v Dr. Theresa Morishita>'cause maybe they're resist, something.

00:43:55.112 --> 00:44:05.347
<v Dr. Theresa Morishita>So they should go through a quarantine period before they, and each state has a quarantine maybe that could be worked with, when you're transferring birds.

00:44:06.887 --> 00:44:13.977
<v Dr. Theresa Morishita>But just to save all the,'cause a lot of the backyard and exhibition people, they have saved their birds for a long time.

00:44:13.977 --> 00:44:18.477
<v Dr. Theresa Morishita>So that's why biosecurity is most important.

00:44:18.957 --> 00:44:22.777
<v Dr. Theresa Morishita>Watching all the sources,'cause you wanna save your bird.

00:44:22.777 --> 00:44:28.207
<v Dr. Theresa Morishita>You have some people their are their pets, so that's their individual human animal bond.

00:44:28.207 --> 00:44:31.777
<v Dr. Theresa Morishita>So of course you don't wanna put that bird down.

00:44:32.332 --> 00:44:38.722
<v Dr. Theresa Morishita>So that's why it's truly important that you do what biosecurity to protect them, right?

00:44:39.172 --> 00:44:39.502
<v Dr. Theresa Morishita>Yeah.

00:44:39.772 --> 00:44:41.152
<v Dr. Theresa Morishita>And stop their exposure.

00:44:43.012 --> 00:44:43.342
<v Jennifer>Yep.

00:44:44.762 --> 00:44:48.002
<v Jennifer>I want to say thank you for coming on the podcast today.

00:44:48.212 --> 00:44:49.472
<v Jennifer>I have thoroughly enjoyed this.

00:44:49.472 --> 00:44:49.592
<v Jennifer>Yes,

00:44:50.522 --> 00:44:51.062
<v Carey>thank you.

00:44:51.062 --> 00:44:51.182
<v Carey>Me too.

00:44:51.182 --> 00:44:51.687
<v Carey>This is awesome.

00:44:51.687 --> 00:44:52.172
<v Carey>Thank you.

00:44:52.172 --> 00:44:53.132
<v Carey>I've learned a lot.

00:44:53.642 --> 00:44:53.972
<v Dr. Theresa Morishita>Yes.

00:44:54.222 --> 00:44:58.572
<v Dr. Theresa Morishita>And you guys are doing a great job because we have to get this word out.

00:44:58.932 --> 00:45:04.272
<v Dr. Theresa Morishita>And to educate everyone about these issues, to help prevent that,

00:45:04.382 --> 00:45:04.682
<v Jennifer>all right.

00:45:04.682 --> 00:45:04.862
<v Jennifer>Good

00:45:04.862 --> 00:45:05.162
<v Dr. Theresa Morishita>job.

00:45:05.162 --> 00:45:05.312
<v Jennifer>Thanks.

00:45:05.592 --> 00:45:07.662
<v Jennifer>We hope to talk to you again in the future.

00:45:08.802 --> 00:45:09.432
<v Dr. Theresa Morishita>Okay.

00:45:09.432 --> 00:45:10.212
<v Dr. Theresa Morishita>Be happy to.

00:45:10.692 --> 00:45:11.172
<v Dr. Theresa Morishita>All right.

00:45:11.172 --> 00:45:11.592
<v Dr. Theresa Morishita>Thank you.

00:45:12.252 --> 00:45:12.672
<v Dr. Theresa Morishita>Bye.

00:45:12.792 --> 00:45:13.032
<v Dr. Theresa Morishita>Thanks.

00:45:13.032 --> 00:45:13.752
<v Dr. Theresa Morishita>Bye.