Napoleon and Josephine A Love Story Through Letters and Empire | Boring History

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Hello, my Restless friends, who 
absolutely plan to sleep early 

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at night. 
I'm glad you're here because 

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we're easing into the story of 
Napoleon and Josephine. 

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A love told through letters 
distance, ambition, and an 

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Empire slowly taking shape 
around two very complicated 

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people. 
So, if this calm slightly boring

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reflection helps you unwind, 
feel free to follow us as it 

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pushes the mission further 
across. 

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Drop a like and tell me where 
you're listening from and what 

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time it is for you. 
Now, dim your sleep Stoppers, 

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which we call lights, and turn 
on that fan for some steady 

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white noise. 
In the tumultuous years, 

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following the French Revolution 
when Paris streets still echoed 

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with recent upheaval and Society
reinvented itself. 

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Daily two unlikely Souls found 
each other amidst the chaos 

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Their love story would reshape 
an Empire influence the fate of 

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Nations and endure beyond the 
grandest Ambitions of power. 

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You're about to witness, how 
passionate politics and profound

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affection intertwined. 
In one of history's, most 

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compelling romance is You step 
into Paris in the Autumn of 1795

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and the city feels like it. 
Still catching its breath. 

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After the revolution's violent 
convulsions, The streets carry a

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peculiar mix of weariness and 
excitement. 

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Former Aristocrats walk past 
newlywed. 

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The merchants each pretending 
not to notice the other women 

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have adopted simpler Fashions. 
Out of necessity though. 

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Some are beginning to experiment
again with luxury. 

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Now that the worst Terrors of 
past, yes smells of roasting 

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chestnuts from Street vendors 
and the ever-presence of cold 

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smoke from thousands of 
chimneys. 

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Underneath It All linger, 
something else. 

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Something hard as a name. 
Perhaps, it's the smell of fear.

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Finally, fading or hope 
tentatively returning. 

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The building's themselves, tell 
stories of survival. 

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Somehow houses still bear marks 
from revolutionary violence, 

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bullet holes, pocks, certain 
facade's other structures 

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display Hasty repairs, where 
doors were smashed in during 

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searches for Aristocrats or 
hoarded grain. 

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That life persists with stubborn
determination shop windows 

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display Goods again. 
Cafes fill with customers, 

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debating politics and 
philosophy. 

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Street performers, entertain 
crowds that actually have a few 

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coins to spare. 
In one of the elegant townhouses

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that survived the revolution's 
fury, you notice a gathering 

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taking place the salon belongs 
to Paul Barris. 

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One of the five directors who 
now governance through a 

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complicated system designed to 
prevent any one person from 

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Gaining too much power. 
Tonight, the rooms glow with 

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Candlelight that reflect off 
polished wood and the few 

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remaining mirrors that were 
smashed during the terror, the 

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guests represent the New France 
in all its contradictions 

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military officers in slightly 
worn uniforms mingle with 

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politicians in fashionable 
coats. 

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Of few survived, as of the old 
nobility who've learned to 

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adapt, stand for former 
revolutionaries, who sent their 

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friends to the guillotine, the 
conversation flows in multiple 

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directions at once. someone 
discusses the latest play at the

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comedy for sale as another group
debates, military strategy, in 

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the war against Austria, a 
cluster near the fireplace 

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gossips, about who's rising in 
the new government and whose 

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falling from favor. 
The room hums with ambition and 

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calculation disguised a social 
pleasantry among the guests, You

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observe a woman in her early 
30s. 

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Who seems to move through the 
room like water finding its 

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path. 
Her name is Rose De Bohan a 

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though. 
She will soon become known to 

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history as Josephine. 
She wears a simple white muslin 

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dress, that somehow appears more
elegant than the fancier gowns 

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around her. 
The fabric drapes in the 

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classical style, that's becoming
fashionable. 

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Suggesting ancient Greek statues
rather than the elaborate 

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constructions of the old regime.
Her dark hair falls in the 

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fashionable loose curls of the 
Day, held back with a simple 

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ribbon. 
What strikes you most is how she

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listens when someone speaks to 
her. 

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She gives them her completed 
tension. 

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Her dark eyes, focused her head 
tilted slightly to indicate 

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genuine interest Each person. 
She engages feels as though, 

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their words, matter profoundly. 
Her hands. 

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Move gracefully as she gestures.
You notice, she wears very 

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little jewelry. 
A simple gold bracelet catches 

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the candlelight, the restraint 
is calculated too much jewelry 

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would suggest. 
She's trying to hard or doesn't 

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understand the current political
climate Too little would make us

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seem poor or unimportant. 
She's found the perfect balance.

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She does in most things her 
story already contains enough 

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drama for several lifetimes 
though. 

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Most people at this Gathering 
know, only fragments of it. 

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Born Mary, Yosef Rose, Tasha de 
la. 

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Pagerie on the Caribbean island 
of Martinique to a sugar 

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Plantation. 
Family, she married young to 

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Alexandra Debo Arne, and came to
France full of dreams about 

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Parisian Society. 
The reality, proved more 

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complicated than her Island 
fantasies. 

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Her husband turned out to be 
difficult and unfaithful. 

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They separated then came the 
revolution which swept through 

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France like a cleansing. 
Fire that burned, everything 

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guilty and innocent alike. 
Terror imprisoned, her in Lecom,

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former Convent turned holding 
cell for those awaiting the gear

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team. 
She spent months in a crowded 

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sell never knowing if tomorrow 
would bring release or death. 

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she watched her first husband go
to the scaffold, his head 

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falling into the basket while 
she waited her turn but 

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Maximilian Robespierre fell 
before her name came up on the 

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execution list and suddenly the 
prison doors opened She emerged 

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into a Paris, transformed yet 
again, with new opportunities 

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for those clever and brave 
enough, to seize them. 

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Now, she lives carefully, 
raising her, two children from 

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that first marriage. 
Hortense is 12 pretty and 

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musically. 
Talented. 

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Eugene is 14 serious-minded and 
loyal. 

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They remember their father but 
they're also adapting to this 

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new world where survival 
requires flexibility. 

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Joseph in navigates The 
Dangerous Waters of 

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post-revolutionary society with 
skills learned through 

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necessity. 
She knows how to read people 

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when to speak and when to listen
how to make a self useful 

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without seeming desperate for 
finance is a precarious. 

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Despite her elegant appearance, 
she's renting the house on Rush 

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on train and some months, the 
rent comes due before the money 

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arrives. 
She has received a small pension

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as the Widow of the general, but
it doesn't stretch as far as 

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needed. 
She's learned to make a single 

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dress appear in new through 
different accessories. 

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She borrows jewelry from friends
for important occasions. 

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She's mastered. 
The art of appearing more 

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prosperous than she actually is.
Across the room. 

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You notice a thin Young office 
sir who looks decidedly out of 

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place, among the polished 
politicians and elegant women 

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Napoleon Bonaparte is 26 years 
old and resemble someone who 

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forgot to eat regular meals 
while studying military tactics 

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until 3 in the morning. 
His uniform while clean and 

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properly buttoned. 
Hangs a bit Loosely on his spare

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frame. 
His hair is unfashionable. 

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His posture suggests someone 
ready to flee at any moment. 

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He shifts his weight from foot 
to foot. 

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His hands move restlessly 
sometimes touching his sword 

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Hills sometimes class being 
behind his back. 

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Never quite settling. 
When someone tries to engage him

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in small, talk about the weather
or fashion, he responds with 

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Kurt factual observations that 
kill the conversation, dead. 

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He simply doesn't understand how
to discuss nothing gracefully. 

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Napoleon grew up on Corsica that
rugged Island, where family 

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loyalty runs deeper than any 
political allegiance and where 

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blood feuds can spare 
Generations. 

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The island only became French 
year before his birth so he 

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considers himself Corso 
confessed, French second. 

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He speaks French with an accent 
that immediately marks and was 

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an outsider in Paris Society. 
He pronounces his R's 

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differently, he uses phrases 
that sound slightly foreign 

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People sometimes ask him to 
repeat himself and he hates it. 

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He's brilliant with artillery 
and Military strategy, but 

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utterly hopeless at small talk 
and social graces. 

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He can calculate trajectories in
his head and predict where an 

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enemy Army will move three days.
Hence, But he cannot remember 

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which Fork to use at a formal 
dinner. 

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He reads voraciously in multiple
languages, devouring books on 

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history, philosophy mathematics 
and warfare. 

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Just weeks ago, he helped put 
down a royalist Uprising in 

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Paris. 
Using his cannons to scatter. 

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The rebels attempting, to 
overthrow the government, This 

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success earned him promotion to 
General and the notice of 

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powerful men like beerus, but it
hasn't taught him how to 

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navigate a fancy salon. 
The other guests instinctively 

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census discomfort and mostly 
avoid him. 

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He is useful in a crisis, 
clearly, but he is so strange 

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and intense in ways that make 
polite conversation difficult to

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let him stand by himself, near 
the bookshelf, examining the 

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spines with more interest than 
he shows the actual people in 

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the room. 
You watch as Bears playing 

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Matchmaker with the subtlety of 
a man who enjoys manipulating 

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others for their own good 
engineers and introduction. 

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He's noticed Napoleon's 
isolation and Josephine's Grace 

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and some instinct tells him 
these two might complement each 

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other. 
He guides Napoleon over to where

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Josephine stands examining a 
painting of a pastoral scene, 

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all soft clouds, and grazing 
sheep. 

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The young officer, tries to Bow 
Grace for nearly trips. 

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Over his own sword, the weapon 
clatters against a chair leg, 

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two nearby conversations, pause 
as heads. 

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Turned to see what caused the 
noise Napoleon's face flushes 

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with embarrassment, but 
Josephine's mouth curves into a 

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smile at somehow, manages to be 
amused without being mocking. 

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It's the smile of someone who's 
witnessed far too many awkward 

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moments to be bothered by one 
more. 

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And who finds human imperfection
in Dearing rather than 

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contemptible. 
Paris makes the introduction 

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with practiced ease, then, 
drifts away to other 

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conversations leaving them 
together. 

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Comfortable silence threatened 
to develop. 

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Josephine experienced in 
rescuing failing, social 

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situations, arson. 
Napoleon about the painting. 

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Does he like pastoral scenes as 
he spent time in the 

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countryside? 
The question opens a Floodgate. 

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Napoleon begins to talk and 
something shifts in the rooms 

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energy. 
He tells her about Corsica about

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the mountains and the Sea about 
to Reign and how it shapes 

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military strategy. 
Then somehow he's discussing 

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Italy about his theories on 
warfare about how ancient 

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generals use geography to their 
advantage. 

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His hands move as he speaks 
tracing. 

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Invisible battle formations in 
the air. 

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Most people find his intense 
overwhelming like standing too 

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close to a fire but Josephine 
liens in slightly genuinely 

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interested. 
She asks, him questions that 

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shows she's actually following 
his complicated explanations. 

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She mentions a book. 
She read about Hannibal 

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crossing, the Alps, with 
elephants. 

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Did Napoleon think that was 
military sound or just dramatic?

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Napoleon looks at hose though. 
She just revealed herself to be 

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a fellow member of some secret 
society. 

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He spent years being dismissed 
as two, serious two intense to 

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focused on matters that polite 
Society considers boring. 

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Here's someone actually engaging
with his ideas. 

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He explains his theory about 
Hannibal's campaign with growing

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enthusiasm. 
He's forgotten to be 

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self-conscious, he's in his 
element now, discussing tactics 

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and strategy. 
Josephine watches his face, 

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transformed. the awkward 
comfortable young man, 

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disappears, replaced by someone 
confident and passionate She 

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sees intelligence Flash in those
gray eyes along with something 

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else. 
Hunger ambition a desire to 

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prove himself that burns, like a
forge for a man who spends most 

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of his time with soldiers and 
feels perpetually out of place, 

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and civilian life, finding 
someone who engages with his 

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ideas feels like discovering 
water in the desert. 

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He's been so lonely though, he'd
never admit, it lonely in Paris 

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lonely in the Army lonely in 
rooms full of people who don't 

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understand him. suddenly he is 
not lonely, at least for this 

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moment, and it's intoxicating 
Josephine for her part. 

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Recognizes something in this 
awkward Young office sir. 

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She spent years learning to read
people's potential beneath their

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00:13:31,400 --> 00:13:34,700
surface presentation. 
It's a survival skill. 

234
00:13:35,600 --> 00:13:39,200
During the terror, she learned 
to identify which guards might 

235
00:13:39,200 --> 00:13:42,100
be bribed, which fellow 
prisoners might betray you. 

236
00:13:42,100 --> 00:13:46,700
Which officials might show 
Mercy. after her release, she 

237
00:13:46,700 --> 00:13:49,900
learned to spot who was rising 
in the new government and who 

238
00:13:49,900 --> 00:13:53,300
was falling Is developed an 
instinct for potential. 

239
00:13:53,300 --> 00:13:57,500
She sees past is ill-fitting, 
uniform and social, clumsiness 

240
00:13:57,500 --> 00:14:00,300
to Glimpse, the fierce 
intelligence and ambition 

241
00:14:00,300 --> 00:14:04,300
burning underneath She notices 
how other people in the room 

242
00:14:04,300 --> 00:14:07,900
occasionally glances way with a 
mix of weariness and respect. 

243
00:14:09,100 --> 00:14:12,400
this strange Corsican clearly 
matters to powerful people like 

244
00:14:12,400 --> 00:14:15,800
beerus, She also notices 
something the other cell on 

245
00:14:15,808 --> 00:14:19,000
guests Miss. 
When Napoleon looks at her, he 

246
00:14:19,000 --> 00:14:21,400
doesn't see a widow trying to 
survive in difficult times. 

247
00:14:21,400 --> 00:14:26,200
He sees someone worthy of 
building Empires for the evening

248
00:14:26,200 --> 00:14:30,400
grows late and the candles burn 
lower in their holders, creating

249
00:14:30,400 --> 00:14:32,500
deeper shadows in the corners of
the room. 

250
00:14:33,400 --> 00:14:37,100
The other guests begin to drift 
away calling for their carriages

251
00:14:37,100 --> 00:14:41,100
making plans for future. 
Gatherings saying, elaborate 

252
00:14:41,100 --> 00:14:43,900
goodbyes. 
But Napoleon and Josephine 

253
00:14:43,900 --> 00:14:47,700
remain in conversation. 
They've moved to a city near one

254
00:14:47,700 --> 00:14:51,700
of the tall Windows overlooking,
the street outside Paris settles

255
00:14:51,700 --> 00:14:54,900
into its nighttime rhythms 
lamplighters make their rounds, 

256
00:14:54,900 --> 00:14:58,500
the sound of carriages on 
cobblestones Echo up from the 

257
00:14:58,500 --> 00:15:01,100
street. 
The night air carries a chill 

258
00:15:01,100 --> 00:15:03,000
that makes the warmth inside, 
more welcome. 

259
00:15:03,800 --> 00:15:05,400
They've moved Beyond military 
history. 

260
00:15:05,400 --> 00:15:10,300
Now, Napoleon asks about her 
children, his whole demeanor 

261
00:15:10,300 --> 00:15:14,200
softens, when she describes her 
tenses, musical talent, and 

262
00:15:14,200 --> 00:15:17,800
Eugene's seriousness, he tells 
her about his own family. 

263
00:15:17,800 --> 00:15:21,100
His complicated relationship 
with his mother who both loves 

264
00:15:21,100 --> 00:15:25,000
and criticizes him, his siblings
who depend on him financially, 

265
00:15:25,000 --> 00:15:29,400
even as they mock his provincial
manners, there's vulnerability 

266
00:15:29,400 --> 00:15:33,400
in this sharing that surprises 
them both, Josephine finds 

267
00:15:33,400 --> 00:15:38,400
herself genuinely Charmed. 
Yes, he strange and awkward and 

268
00:15:38,400 --> 00:15:42,000
far too, intense. 
But he is also brilliant and 

269
00:15:42,000 --> 00:15:44,600
oddly innocent despite his 
military achievements. 

270
00:15:45,700 --> 00:15:49,000
When he talks about his dreams 
for France about making the 

271
00:15:49,000 --> 00:15:52,400
country strong and prosperous 
about earning Glory through 

272
00:15:52,400 --> 00:15:56,700
great Deeds, there's a purity to
his ambition, that's refreshing.

273
00:15:57,500 --> 00:16:00,900
He's not cynical like most of 
the mentioned knows, he actually

274
00:16:00,900 --> 00:16:03,200
believes in something Beyond 
personal advancement. 

275
00:16:04,100 --> 00:16:08,200
Napoleon meanwhile is falling 
hopelessly in love every smile. 

276
00:16:08,200 --> 00:16:10,900
She gives him, feels like a gift
the way. 

277
00:16:10,900 --> 00:16:14,300
She listens really listens, 
makes him want to tell her 

278
00:16:14,300 --> 00:16:16,700
everything. 
He wants to impress her with his

279
00:16:16,700 --> 00:16:18,800
knowledge protector from 
hardship. 

280
00:16:18,800 --> 00:16:23,200
Give her everything she deserves
He's read about loving books, 

281
00:16:23,200 --> 00:16:27,500
but this is the first time, he's
felt it and it overwhelms him 

282
00:16:27,500 --> 00:16:31,300
with its intensity. 
When they finally part ways, as 

283
00:16:31,300 --> 00:16:34,600
the Gathering breaks up 
Napoleon, bows, over hand with 

284
00:16:34,600 --> 00:16:36,400
more grace than his earlier 
attempt. 

285
00:16:37,300 --> 00:16:38,800
He asked permission to call on 
her. 

286
00:16:39,500 --> 00:16:42,800
She grants it giving him her 
address on Rush on taurine. 

287
00:16:43,500 --> 00:16:46,400
She watches him. 
Leave noticing how he glances 

288
00:16:46,400 --> 00:16:48,800
back twice before disappearing 
Into the Night. 

289
00:16:49,600 --> 00:16:52,300
She's not sure what to make of 
this strange young General, but 

290
00:16:52,300 --> 00:16:55,600
she's intrigued. 
Over the following weeks, 

291
00:16:55,600 --> 00:16:59,000
Napoleon becomes a regular 
visitor to Josephine's modest 

292
00:16:59,000 --> 00:17:01,200
home. 
You might see him arriving at 

293
00:17:01,200 --> 00:17:05,099
odd hours whenever his military 
duties allow he brings books, he

294
00:17:05,099 --> 00:17:08,000
thinks she'll enjoy carefully 
selected from his own 

295
00:17:08,000 --> 00:17:10,800
collection. 
He brings flowers purchased from

296
00:17:10,800 --> 00:17:14,400
Street vendors, usually choosing
them with more enthusiasm than 

297
00:17:14,400 --> 00:17:17,200
aesthetic. 
Judgment Josephine. 

298
00:17:17,200 --> 00:17:20,000
Learns to appreciate the gesture
even when the bouquets are 

299
00:17:20,000 --> 00:17:23,000
slightly lopsided. 
Her children view. 

300
00:17:23,000 --> 00:17:24,900
This new visitor with initial 
suspicion. 

301
00:17:25,700 --> 00:17:29,400
What tense and Dwayne remember 
their father, not eager to see 

302
00:17:29,400 --> 00:17:32,900
their mother with another man. 
But Napoleon wins them over 

303
00:17:32,900 --> 00:17:35,700
gradually. 
He treats Eugene like a young 

304
00:17:35,700 --> 00:17:39,100
man rather than a child 
discussing military matters. 

305
00:17:39,100 --> 00:17:42,900
Seriously. 
He brings Hortense sheet music 

306
00:17:42,900 --> 00:17:46,500
and listens attentively. 
When she plays the piano, he 

307
00:17:46,500 --> 00:17:48,100
doesn't try to replace their 
father. 

308
00:17:49,000 --> 00:17:52,700
Stead, he offers friendship and 
genuine interest in their lives.

309
00:17:54,200 --> 00:17:57,600
The house on Rush on terrain is 
small but Josephine has made it 

310
00:17:57,600 --> 00:17:59,500
Charming through clever 
decoration. 

311
00:17:59,500 --> 00:18:02,000
She's draped Fabrics to hide 
Warren Furniture. 

312
00:18:02,000 --> 00:18:05,500
She's arranged her few. 
Good pieces to maximum effect. 

313
00:18:05,500 --> 00:18:08,400
Fresh flowers. 
Always fill the vase is when she

314
00:18:08,400 --> 00:18:11,500
can afford them. 
The rooms smell of beeswax 

315
00:18:11,500 --> 00:18:15,000
polish and the lavender. 
She uses to send her Linens. 

316
00:18:15,000 --> 00:18:19,200
It's not Grand, but it's 
welcoming and Napoleon find it. 

317
00:18:19,200 --> 00:18:22,800
Infinitely preferable to his own
sparse Bachelor, quarters. 

318
00:18:23,800 --> 00:18:26,800
He's falling in love with the 
desperation of someone who never

319
00:18:26,800 --> 00:18:31,300
expected to find such feelings. 
Every moment away from her feels

320
00:18:31,300 --> 00:18:34,200
wasted. 
He thinks about her constantly 

321
00:18:34,200 --> 00:18:37,600
during military meeting's. 
He sees something that reminded 

322
00:18:37,600 --> 00:18:39,300
him of her. 
And his first thought is to 

323
00:18:39,300 --> 00:18:42,800
share it with her. 
Right to letters sometimes two 

324
00:18:42,800 --> 00:18:45,800
or three a day filled with 
passionate declaration that 

325
00:18:45,800 --> 00:18:48,100
would embarrass him if he 
stopped to think about them 

326
00:18:48,100 --> 00:18:50,700
rationally. 
He doesn't think rationally, 

327
00:18:50,700 --> 00:18:54,400
where Josephine is concerned. 
He spent his entire life being 

328
00:18:54,400 --> 00:18:59,700
rational, calculating strategic,
With her all those careful 

329
00:18:59,700 --> 00:19:02,700
defenses crumble. 
He pulls out his heart in 

330
00:19:02,700 --> 00:19:05,100
letters that makes military 
updates with Declarations of 

331
00:19:05,108 --> 00:19:08,500
love, he tells her, she's 
invaded, his thoughts, like an 

332
00:19:08,500 --> 00:19:12,200
occupying Army. 
He says her smile haunts him 

333
00:19:12,208 --> 00:19:14,100
more effectively than any 
ghosts. 

334
00:19:14,900 --> 00:19:17,500
He complains bitterly when her 
responses arrived less 

335
00:19:17,500 --> 00:19:21,400
frequently than his letters? 
Josephine approaches the 

336
00:19:21,400 --> 00:19:25,400
relationship more cautiously 
She's six years older and has 

337
00:19:25,400 --> 00:19:27,800
learned the hard way that 
survival requires careful 

338
00:19:27,800 --> 00:19:31,200
choices. 
Napoleon is clearly talented and

339
00:19:31,200 --> 00:19:34,000
rising in importance but he's 
also poor. 

340
00:19:34,000 --> 00:19:37,100
Intents and socially awkward in 
ways that could limit his 

341
00:19:37,100 --> 00:19:40,800
advancement Her friends think 
she's making a mistake. 

342
00:19:40,800 --> 00:19:44,900
Why would an elegant 
sophisticated woman Tire self to

343
00:19:44,900 --> 00:19:48,600
this strange officer who owns 
more books than changes of 

344
00:19:48,600 --> 00:19:51,000
clothing. 
They meet for walks in the 

345
00:19:51,008 --> 00:19:54,800
trailer Reagan's when weather 
permits the garden's provide 

346
00:19:54,800 --> 00:19:57,000
neutral ground away from both 
their homes. 

347
00:19:57,000 --> 00:20:00,500
They stroll along the gravel 
paths between carefully trimmed 

348
00:20:00,500 --> 00:20:03,200
Hedges. 
Autumn Leaves, crunch under 

349
00:20:03,200 --> 00:20:06,900
their feet Napoleon talks about 
his plans for military reform 

350
00:20:06,900 --> 00:20:09,800
while Josephine occasionally 
steers him towards less weighty 

351
00:20:09,800 --> 00:20:12,400
topics. 
She points out the changing 

352
00:20:12,400 --> 00:20:15,600
colors of the trees. 
He comments on other walkers 

353
00:20:15,600 --> 00:20:18,400
fashion choices, teaching him by
example. 

354
00:20:18,400 --> 00:20:20,800
How to make Pleasant 
conversation about trivial 

355
00:20:20,800 --> 00:20:23,600
matters. 
Sometimes they sit on benches 

356
00:20:23,600 --> 00:20:26,600
watching fountains that still 
function, despite years of 

357
00:20:26,600 --> 00:20:31,000
revolutionary neglect. 
Napoleon continues talking, but 

358
00:20:31,000 --> 00:20:34,400
now he also listens, he asks 
about her childhood in 

359
00:20:34,400 --> 00:20:38,200
Martinique, and she describes 
Island life with such vivid 

360
00:20:38,200 --> 00:20:41,600
detail that he can almost smell 
the tropical flowers and feel 

361
00:20:41,600 --> 00:20:45,000
the Caribbean Sun. 
She makes him laugh with stories

362
00:20:45,000 --> 00:20:47,800
about the monkeys that you used 
to still fruit from her family's

363
00:20:47,800 --> 00:20:51,400
trees and the parrots that learn
to mimic her, grandmother 

364
00:20:51,400 --> 00:20:54,800
scolding voice. 
It's something about Napoleon 

365
00:20:54,800 --> 00:20:59,200
touches her heart, despite her 
initial caution. his absolute 

366
00:20:59,200 --> 00:21:03,700
devotion feels refreshing after 
years of navigating 

367
00:21:03,700 --> 00:21:07,500
relationships based on advantage
and survival, the men she's 

368
00:21:07,500 --> 00:21:09,800
known since the revolution of 
your relationships as 

369
00:21:09,800 --> 00:21:13,300
transactions, the calculate what
they can gain from any 

370
00:21:13,300 --> 00:21:16,900
connection Napoleon doesn't 
calculate, he just loves 

371
00:21:16,900 --> 00:21:21,900
completely and over. 
When he looks at her, she feels 

372
00:21:21,900 --> 00:21:24,300
seen in a way. 
She hasn't experienced since 

373
00:21:24,300 --> 00:21:26,900
before the Revolution shattered,
her first life. 

374
00:21:27,600 --> 00:21:29,600
His awkwardness around others 
disappears. 

375
00:21:29,600 --> 00:21:32,000
When they're alone. 
He makes a laugh with his 

376
00:21:32,000 --> 00:21:35,500
observations about the pompous 
politicians and social climbers.

377
00:21:35,500 --> 00:21:39,500
They encounter he can perfectly 
mimic Barr's, self-important 

378
00:21:39,500 --> 00:21:42,700
manner, or the affected speech 
of the new Rich, who try too 

379
00:21:42,700 --> 00:21:45,900
hard to sound cultured His 
impression of the Austrian 

380
00:21:45,900 --> 00:21:49,300
Ambassador at a recent reception
as her laughing so hard. 

381
00:21:49,300 --> 00:21:51,100
She has to wipe tears from her 
eyes. 

382
00:21:51,100 --> 00:21:54,300
There's also the Practical 
matter that Josephine needs to 

383
00:21:54,300 --> 00:21:58,200
stability She has children to 
raise and limited resources. 

384
00:21:59,100 --> 00:22:01,200
The pension, she receives is 
unreliable. 

385
00:22:01,200 --> 00:22:04,700
And she is exhausted from 
constantly worrying about money.

386
00:22:04,700 --> 00:22:07,300
Napoleon, despite his current 
lack of wealth. 

387
00:22:07,300 --> 00:22:09,000
Clearly, possesses a brilliant 
future. 

388
00:22:10,000 --> 00:22:13,000
She's not naive about this 
calculation but it exists 

389
00:22:13,000 --> 00:22:16,500
alongside genuine affection. 
The best relationships. 

390
00:22:16,500 --> 00:22:19,200
She's learned balance. 
Both, heart and head. 

391
00:22:19,900 --> 00:22:23,800
Love Alone, won't pay rent or 
feed children, but money without

392
00:22:23,800 --> 00:22:25,900
affection creates its own 
misery. 

393
00:22:26,700 --> 00:22:28,700
Her friends, noticed the change 
in her. 

394
00:22:29,700 --> 00:22:33,300
She seems lighter younger. 
She smiles more easily. 

395
00:22:34,400 --> 00:22:38,300
When Napoleon's name comes up in
conversation, her whole face 

396
00:22:38,300 --> 00:22:41,300
offers. 
He tries to be practical and 

397
00:22:41,308 --> 00:22:44,300
measured. 
But her heart has other ideas. 

398
00:22:45,100 --> 00:22:49,300
She's falling in love too though
in her own way, more slowly and 

399
00:22:49,300 --> 00:22:51,100
carefully than his passionate 
plunge. 

400
00:22:51,900 --> 00:22:56,400
By late 1795, they're spending 
nearly every free moment 

401
00:22:56,408 --> 00:22:58,900
together. 
Napoleon's military 

402
00:22:58,900 --> 00:23:02,000
responsibilities. 
Keep him busy, but he arranges 

403
00:23:02,000 --> 00:23:04,600
his schedule to maximize time 
with Josephine. 

404
00:23:05,300 --> 00:23:09,500
He neglects sleep, he works 
through meals anything to create

405
00:23:09,500 --> 00:23:12,800
hours, he can spend with her his
fellow officers, noticed their 

406
00:23:12,800 --> 00:23:15,200
commanders distraction and make 
knowing jokes. 

407
00:23:15,200 --> 00:23:17,900
They've never seen the serious 
young corsicans. 

408
00:23:17,900 --> 00:23:23,200
So obviously passed. 
In the cold January of 1796, 

409
00:23:23,200 --> 00:23:26,900
they marry in a brief, civil 
ceremony to municipal building. 

410
00:23:27,800 --> 00:23:31,000
The revolution abolished 
religious marriage so civil 

411
00:23:31,000 --> 00:23:34,800
ceremonies have become the norm.
The room is bare and official 

412
00:23:34,800 --> 00:23:38,300
looking nothing, like the grand 
Church, wedding's Josephine 

413
00:23:38,300 --> 00:23:39,800
might have imagined in her 
youth. 

414
00:23:40,800 --> 00:23:44,100
A few Witnesses attend. 
The official who performs the 

415
00:23:44,100 --> 00:23:45,700
ceremony rushes through the 
words. 

416
00:23:45,700 --> 00:23:49,800
Clearly eager to move on to his 
next appointment Napoleon 

417
00:23:49,800 --> 00:23:51,400
arrives. 
Late because he's been working 

418
00:23:51,400 --> 00:23:53,700
on last minute details for his 
upcoming command. 

419
00:23:54,500 --> 00:23:58,000
He's been appointed to lead the 
army of Italy and the departure 

420
00:23:58,000 --> 00:24:01,600
date Looms. 
Josephine Waits with growing 

421
00:24:01,600 --> 00:24:04,100
anxiety. 
Wondering if he's changed his 

422
00:24:04,100 --> 00:24:06,500
mind. 
When he finally bursts through 

423
00:24:06,500 --> 00:24:10,200
the door breathless and 
apologetic, she feels relief, 

424
00:24:10,200 --> 00:24:13,400
flood through her Josephine, 
lies about her age on the 

425
00:24:13,400 --> 00:24:17,600
paperwork making herself, four 
years, younger Napoleon adds two

426
00:24:17,600 --> 00:24:20,600
years to his age. 
They're both presenting slightly

427
00:24:20,600 --> 00:24:24,000
edited versions of themselves 
which seems fitting for two 

428
00:24:24,000 --> 00:24:26,700
people who will spend their 
marriage, Reinventing reality 

429
00:24:26,700 --> 00:24:29,100
together. 
The official doesn't care about 

430
00:24:29,100 --> 00:24:32,000
the discrepancies. 
He's processed dozens of 

431
00:24:32,008 --> 00:24:34,800
marriage is today. 
And will process dozens more 

432
00:24:34,800 --> 00:24:38,000
tomorrow. 
The wedding night takes place in

433
00:24:38,000 --> 00:24:41,600
Josephine's home on Rush on 
train and you might imagine it 

434
00:24:41,600 --> 00:24:44,200
as tender and passionate, 
despite the odd circumstances. 

435
00:24:45,300 --> 00:24:47,700
Her children are staying with 
friends, giving them privacy. 

436
00:24:48,700 --> 00:24:52,000
Napoleon has to leave in just 
days to take command of the army

437
00:24:52,000 --> 00:24:54,900
of Italy. 
This campaign represents his 

438
00:24:54,900 --> 00:24:57,200
first, major independent 
command. 

439
00:24:58,000 --> 00:24:59,900
Chance. 
He's been waiting for his entire

440
00:24:59,900 --> 00:25:03,200
career. 
But now leaving feels impossibly

441
00:25:03,200 --> 00:25:06,400
difficult. 
He spent years preparing for 

442
00:25:06,400 --> 00:25:10,100
military glory, and suddenly all
he wants is to stay in bed with 

443
00:25:10,100 --> 00:25:12,400
his new wife. 
They talked through much of the 

444
00:25:12,400 --> 00:25:15,500
night Napoleon tells her about 
his plans for the Italian 

445
00:25:15,500 --> 00:25:19,800
campaign, Josephine listens 
occasionally asking questions? 

446
00:25:19,800 --> 00:25:22,900
That show, she understands more 
about military matters than most

447
00:25:22,900 --> 00:25:25,500
civilians. 
She's learned by paying 

448
00:25:25,500 --> 00:25:28,900
attention by reading by being 
curious about the world. 

449
00:25:30,000 --> 00:25:33,600
He's grateful for this. 
He can be fully himself with her

450
00:25:33,600 --> 00:25:37,800
discussing tactics and strategy 
without having to simplify or 

451
00:25:37,800 --> 00:25:41,300
explain. 
She tells him about her fears. 

452
00:25:42,200 --> 00:25:43,600
What if something happens to 
him? 

453
00:25:43,600 --> 00:25:48,000
War is dangerous in General's, 
die like common soldiers. 

454
00:25:48,000 --> 00:25:52,300
He promises to be careful to 
come back to her to write 

455
00:25:52,300 --> 00:25:55,100
constantly. 
She makes him promise to eat 

456
00:25:55,100 --> 00:25:58,100
properly and get enough sleep 
knowing, he'll probably break 

457
00:25:58,100 --> 00:26:01,300
both promises. 
They make plans for the future 

458
00:26:01,300 --> 00:26:05,200
where they live, when he 
returns, how they'll raise the 

459
00:26:05,200 --> 00:26:07,900
children. 
What kind of Life they'll Build 

460
00:26:07,900 --> 00:26:11,300
Together? 
Josephine gives him a small 

461
00:26:11,300 --> 00:26:13,100
portrait of herself to carry 
with him. 

462
00:26:13,100 --> 00:26:17,400
It's painted on Ivory and small 
enough to fit in his pocket, the

463
00:26:17,400 --> 00:26:19,900
artist captured her gentle 
expression and dark eyes. 

464
00:26:21,000 --> 00:26:24,800
Napoleon treats, this miniature 
like a religious Relic, he holds

465
00:26:24,800 --> 00:26:28,000
it up in the candlelight 
memorizing every detail. 

466
00:26:28,900 --> 00:26:31,700
Throughout the Italian campaign,
he'll sleep with it near his 

467
00:26:31,700 --> 00:26:35,300
heart, talk to it when alone in 
his tent and show it to his 

468
00:26:35,300 --> 00:26:38,500
officers who have learned not to
mock their commanders romantic 

469
00:26:38,500 --> 00:26:41,600
obsession. 
The morning, he departs. 

470
00:26:41,600 --> 00:26:44,100
Paris still lies, wrapped in 
Winter Darkness. 

471
00:26:45,200 --> 00:26:49,100
Sun Won't rise for another hour.
Frost covers the windows in 

472
00:26:49,100 --> 00:26:52,900
delicate patterns. 
Napoleon dresses in his uniform 

473
00:26:52,900 --> 00:26:56,400
while Josephine watches from the
bed wrapped in blankets, against

474
00:26:56,400 --> 00:26:59,500
the cold. 
They've said their goodbyes 

475
00:26:59,500 --> 00:27:02,800
multiple times already but it 
doesn't make The Parting easier.

476
00:27:03,700 --> 00:27:07,000
You might see Josephine standing
at a window watching Napoleon's,

477
00:27:07,000 --> 00:27:08,600
Carriage disappeared down the 
street. 

478
00:27:09,500 --> 00:27:12,700
She's wearing only a nightgown 
and shawl and the cold from the 

479
00:27:12,700 --> 00:27:16,800
window glass makes a shiver. 
Crying which surprises her? 

480
00:27:16,800 --> 00:27:19,700
She said goodbye to men before 
without much emotion. 

481
00:27:20,700 --> 00:27:23,600
She watched her first husband, 
leave without tears, but this 

482
00:27:23,600 --> 00:27:26,500
feels different. 
He touches the window glass 

483
00:27:26,500 --> 00:27:29,100
still cold from the night and 
wonders. 

484
00:27:29,100 --> 00:27:31,100
What she's gotten herself into 
by marrying. 

485
00:27:31,100 --> 00:27:34,500
This intense young General who 
looks at her, like she hung the 

486
00:27:34,500 --> 00:27:38,000
Moon. 
Napoleon rides, South toward 

487
00:27:38,000 --> 00:27:41,700
Italy, and his Destiny, but his 
heart remains in Paris. 

488
00:27:42,600 --> 00:27:44,700
The journey takes days over 
rough. 

489
00:27:44,700 --> 00:27:49,000
Winter roads. 
Carriage jolts and sways he 

490
00:27:49,000 --> 00:27:51,700
tries to read military reports 
but keeps finding his thoughts 

491
00:27:51,700 --> 00:27:55,100
drifting, back to Josephine. 
What is she doing right now? 

492
00:27:55,100 --> 00:27:59,700
Is she thinking of him? 
Does she miss him as much as he 

493
00:27:59,700 --> 00:28:02,900
misses her? 
The letters begin immediately. 

494
00:28:03,700 --> 00:28:07,900
He writes to her constantly 
sometimes on Horseback sometimes

495
00:28:07,900 --> 00:28:10,500
by candlelight in whatever rough
accommodation. 

496
00:28:10,500 --> 00:28:13,500
The Army provides his 
handwriting, never particularly 

497
00:28:13,500 --> 00:28:17,100
neat becomes almost eligible 
when he's writing quickly, 

498
00:28:17,100 --> 00:28:20,900
trying to get all his thoughts 
onto paper before the next 

499
00:28:20,900 --> 00:28:23,100
military crisis demands his 
attention. 

500
00:28:24,000 --> 00:28:26,000
Is letters overflow with 
passion. 

501
00:28:26,000 --> 00:28:28,300
That would seem ridiculous if it
weren't. 

502
00:28:28,300 --> 00:28:31,100
So genuine. 
He tells her she haunts his 

503
00:28:31,100 --> 00:28:33,400
dreams. 
He describes how the thought of 

504
00:28:33,400 --> 00:28:35,700
her smile sustains him through 
difficult days. 

505
00:28:36,800 --> 00:28:39,600
He complains bitterly, when her 
letters arrived less frequently 

506
00:28:39,600 --> 00:28:43,300
than his accuses, her of, not 
loving him as much as he loves 

507
00:28:43,300 --> 00:28:45,700
her. 
He apologizes for the 

508
00:28:45,700 --> 00:28:49,300
accusations in the next letter, 
then make the same complaints 

509
00:28:49,300 --> 00:28:52,300
again a day later. 
You can imagine these letters 

510
00:28:52,300 --> 00:28:55,000
traveling back and forth across 
France and into Italy. 

511
00:28:55,900 --> 00:28:59,100
The couriers carrying them have 
no idea their transporting some 

512
00:28:59,100 --> 00:29:01,100
of the most passionate 
correspondence in history. 

513
00:29:01,100 --> 00:29:05,000
They're just doing their job 
delivering mail for the Army 

514
00:29:06,000 --> 00:29:09,000
Napoleon's letters, come bundled
with official military 

515
00:29:09,000 --> 00:29:12,100
dispatches. 
Sometimes he marks them urgent 

516
00:29:12,100 --> 00:29:15,100
abusing his authority to ensure 
they travel quickly. 

517
00:29:15,100 --> 00:29:19,000
Napoleon's handwriting, grows 
Messier when he is particularly 

518
00:29:19,000 --> 00:29:22,300
emotional. 
He covers pages with endearments

519
00:29:22,300 --> 00:29:26,400
complaints about her silence 
military updates, mixed with 

520
00:29:26,400 --> 00:29:30,100
romantic declarations and plans 
for their future together. 

521
00:29:31,200 --> 00:29:34,200
He signs them with elaborate 
expressions of love. 

522
00:29:35,000 --> 00:29:39,400
He uses every term of endearment
he can think of some in French, 

523
00:29:39,400 --> 00:29:43,300
some in Italian, some he seems 
to invent on the spot. 

524
00:29:44,400 --> 00:29:48,600
Josephine's letters back to him 
are affectionate, but less 

525
00:29:48,600 --> 00:29:53,300
frequent and less intense. 
She writes about daily life in 

526
00:29:53,300 --> 00:29:55,900
Paris. 
She describes party. 

527
00:29:55,900 --> 00:29:57,900
She is attended and people. 
She's met. 

528
00:29:58,700 --> 00:30:01,100
She assures him of her love and 
tells him to be careful. 

529
00:30:02,300 --> 00:30:05,100
But her letters, lack the 
fevered of his correspondence. 

530
00:30:05,100 --> 00:30:10,000
She loves Napoleon, she doesn't 
share his capacity for total 

531
00:30:10,000 --> 00:30:13,600
romantic obsession. 
She's managing life in Paris, 

532
00:30:13,600 --> 00:30:17,400
raising her children and trying 
to maintain her position in 

533
00:30:17,400 --> 00:30:21,200
society or tents needs music, 
lessons and new dresses. 

534
00:30:21,200 --> 00:30:24,600
Eugene is thinking about a 
military career and needs 

535
00:30:24,600 --> 00:30:27,300
guidance. 
The house on Rouge on train 

536
00:30:27,300 --> 00:30:30,100
requires constant maintenance 
that she can barely afford. 

537
00:30:31,100 --> 00:30:33,300
Her days. 
Filled with practical concerns, 

538
00:30:33,300 --> 00:30:35,800
that leave little energy for 
writing passionate love letters.

539
00:30:35,800 --> 00:30:39,200
This imbalance will characterize
their relationship throughout 

540
00:30:39,200 --> 00:30:42,200
their marriage. 
He loves with the single-minded 

541
00:30:42,200 --> 00:30:44,600
intensity, he brings to military
campaigns. 

542
00:30:44,600 --> 00:30:49,200
When Napoleon loves, he loves 
completely exclusively 

543
00:30:49,200 --> 00:30:53,000
obsessively. 
She loves more moderately, more 

544
00:30:53,000 --> 00:30:56,500
practically with warm affection 
and burning passion. 

545
00:30:57,500 --> 00:31:00,500
Cares for him deeply but she 
also cares about many other 

546
00:31:00,500 --> 00:31:02,700
things. 
He can barely think about 

547
00:31:02,700 --> 00:31:07,700
anything except her. 
Meanwhile in Italy, Napoleon is 

548
00:31:07,700 --> 00:31:10,000
revolutionizing Warfare and 
becoming famous. 

549
00:31:10,000 --> 00:31:13,300
He takes command of an army 
that's in terrible condition. 

550
00:31:13,300 --> 00:31:18,000
The soldiers have not been paid 
in months, their hungry Racket 

551
00:31:18,000 --> 00:31:21,700
and demoralized, there are 
equipment is worn out their 

552
00:31:21,700 --> 00:31:25,800
boots have holes, many are 
barefoot if you look at their 

553
00:31:25,800 --> 00:31:29,600
new Young Commander with 
skepticism, What can this skinny

554
00:31:29,600 --> 00:31:31,700
Corsican do for them? 
That the previous commanders 

555
00:31:31,700 --> 00:31:34,600
couldn't? 
everything, as it turns out, 

556
00:31:35,700 --> 00:31:38,400
Napoleon immediately begins to 
transform the Army. 

557
00:31:38,400 --> 00:31:42,900
He secures pay for the troops 
arranges for food supplies and 

558
00:31:42,900 --> 00:31:46,700
gives them inspiring speeches 
about glory and plunder waiting 

559
00:31:46,700 --> 00:31:49,600
in Italy. 
Most importantly, he gives them 

560
00:31:49,600 --> 00:31:53,800
victories. within weeks of 
taking command he's won, his 

561
00:31:53,800 --> 00:31:56,700
first battle against the 
austrians, then another, then 

562
00:31:56,700 --> 00:32:00,500
another Suddenly, this ragtag 
force is, Conquering Northern 

563
00:32:00,500 --> 00:32:03,900
Italy, he uses speed and 
surprise As Weapons. 

564
00:32:03,900 --> 00:32:07,100
He moves his army faster than 
anyone expects. 

565
00:32:07,700 --> 00:32:10,700
He hits the enemy where their 
weakest, he divides, enemy 

566
00:32:10,700 --> 00:32:13,400
forces and defeats them, 
piecemeal before they can unite 

567
00:32:13,400 --> 00:32:16,200
against him. 
He makes decisions so quickly. 

568
00:32:16,200 --> 00:32:18,600
His opponents can't adapt their 
plans fast enough. 

569
00:32:19,300 --> 00:32:22,700
His offices struggled to keep up
with his mental Pace, he sees 

570
00:32:22,700 --> 00:32:26,700
possibilities and opportunities 
that others Miss entirely his 

571
00:32:26,700 --> 00:32:29,700
soldiers, who started out 
skeptical of this young Corsican

572
00:32:29,700 --> 00:32:33,300
officer, begin to worship Him. 
He leads from the front sharing 

573
00:32:33,300 --> 00:32:35,700
their dangers rather than 
directing from the rear. 

574
00:32:35,700 --> 00:32:39,100
He sleeps in the same rough 
conditions, they endure. 

575
00:32:39,100 --> 00:32:43,200
He knows many of them by name. 
When he rides past, they cheer 

576
00:32:43,200 --> 00:32:46,000
they called him, the little 
Corporal affectionately. 

577
00:32:46,000 --> 00:32:50,000
Noting his relative lack of 
height and his hands on command 

578
00:32:50,000 --> 00:32:52,400
style. 
They trust him to lead them to 

579
00:32:52,408 --> 00:32:55,100
Victory and he rarely 
disappoints. 

580
00:32:55,100 --> 00:32:59,600
The victory is bring both glory 
and plunder, Italian cities, 

581
00:32:59,600 --> 00:33:03,200
surrender and Patriot, the Army 
sees his art treasures and 

582
00:33:03,200 --> 00:33:06,500
wealth, the soldiers, get their 
share, and suddenly their 

583
00:33:06,500 --> 00:33:10,200
enthusiastically following this 
General, who's making them rich 

584
00:33:10,200 --> 00:33:14,400
and famous Napoleon sends the 
best art and the most valuable 

585
00:33:14,400 --> 00:33:18,200
plunder back to Paris, helping 
establish his reputation there 

586
00:33:18,200 --> 00:33:21,900
as a Conquering Hero. 
News of his victory is reaches 

587
00:33:21,900 --> 00:33:25,600
Paris, Through official 
dispatches and newspapers, the 

588
00:33:25,600 --> 00:33:29,000
directory, the five-man. 
Executive ruling France is both 

589
00:33:29,000 --> 00:33:32,100
pleased and nervous. 
They wanted someone to defeat 

590
00:33:32,100 --> 00:33:35,000
the austrians in Italy and 
Napoleon is certainly doing 

591
00:33:35,000 --> 00:33:37,300
that. 
But he's growing Fame. 

592
00:33:37,300 --> 00:33:40,000
Makes him potentially dangerous.
Successful. 

593
00:33:40,000 --> 00:33:42,600
Generals sometimes become 
ambitious politicians. 

594
00:33:43,400 --> 00:33:46,800
Still for now they're happy to 
create credit for his victories.

595
00:33:47,500 --> 00:33:50,300
Joseph and finds herself Famous 
by association. 

596
00:33:51,000 --> 00:33:54,200
She's invited to fancier salons 
treated with more respect, 

597
00:33:54,200 --> 00:33:58,500
sought out for her opinions. 
People who previously dismissed 

598
00:33:58,500 --> 00:34:01,400
her, as a widow of Uncertain 
means now caught her favor. 

599
00:34:02,100 --> 00:34:04,600
She's the wife of France's most 
celebrated General. 

600
00:34:05,400 --> 00:34:09,100
She discovers that being married
to genius and success even at a 

601
00:34:09,100 --> 00:34:11,500
distance provides its own 
Rewards. 

602
00:34:12,199 --> 00:34:14,400
You might picture her reading 
his letters in her dressing 

603
00:34:14,400 --> 00:34:18,400
room, seated at her vanity 
surrounded by the simple luxury.

604
00:34:18,400 --> 00:34:22,100
She's accumulated her face shows
a mix of tenderness and 

605
00:34:22,100 --> 00:34:25,600
exasperation as she works 
through the latest of letters, 

606
00:34:25,600 --> 00:34:28,800
there are five of them all 
written within a three-day 

607
00:34:28,800 --> 00:34:32,199
period, he's demanding, she come
to Italy to join him. 

608
00:34:32,199 --> 00:34:36,500
He's jealous of every man, she 
might speak to in Paris, he's 

609
00:34:36,500 --> 00:34:40,100
declaring that life without her 
is meaningless even as he's 

610
00:34:40,100 --> 00:34:44,400
conquering half of Italy. 
She writes back with soothing 

611
00:34:44,400 --> 00:34:48,400
words and practical delays. 
She'll come when she can, she 

612
00:34:48,400 --> 00:34:52,300
promises when the children are 
settled, when travel is safer, 

613
00:34:52,300 --> 00:34:55,699
when she's finished attending to
necessary matters in Paris. 

614
00:34:56,699 --> 00:34:59,500
She doesn't mention that she's 
not particularly eager to trade,

615
00:34:59,500 --> 00:35:02,400
her comfortable, life in Paris 
for the uncertainties of 

616
00:35:02,400 --> 00:35:05,200
following an army through Italy.
In truth. 

617
00:35:05,900 --> 00:35:09,000
Josephine is enjoying Paris more
than she has in years. 

618
00:35:09,900 --> 00:35:13,900
She's become a fashion leader, 
women copy her style, her 

619
00:35:13,900 --> 00:35:17,700
hairstyles, her way of draping 
shawls in the classical manner. 

620
00:35:18,500 --> 00:35:21,000
She's learned to move in the 
highest circles with ease. 

621
00:35:21,000 --> 00:35:26,500
Her Salon has become important 
in Paris Society artists writers

622
00:35:26,500 --> 00:35:30,600
and politicians gather at her 
home, she has influence and 

623
00:35:30,600 --> 00:35:35,300
independents, Italy means Dusty 
Rhodes, military camps and 

624
00:35:35,300 --> 00:35:38,400
uncertainty. 
It means following an army that 

625
00:35:38,400 --> 00:35:42,300
could face defeat at any time. 
It means living in requisition 

626
00:35:42,300 --> 00:35:44,100
to buildings with limited 
Comforts. 

627
00:35:44,100 --> 00:35:47,100
It means being constantly 
surrounded by soldiers and 

628
00:35:47,100 --> 00:35:50,900
Military matters. 
Paris means Comfort society and 

629
00:35:50,900 --> 00:35:53,900
Independence. 
She can manage her own schedule.

630
00:35:53,900 --> 00:35:56,800
See her friends and enjoy 
cultural life. 

631
00:35:57,600 --> 00:36:01,100
She loves Napoleon but she's not
eager to trade her life, for his

632
00:36:01,100 --> 00:36:04,300
military world. 
Eventually though, his pleading 

633
00:36:04,300 --> 00:36:07,900
becomes impossible to ignore. 
He writes that he cannot 

634
00:36:07,900 --> 00:36:11,000
function without her. 
He threatens to abandon the 

635
00:36:11,000 --> 00:36:13,300
campaign and returned to Paris, 
if she doesn't come. 

636
00:36:14,100 --> 00:36:16,100
He sends his brother to escort, 
her safely. 

637
00:36:18,000 --> 00:36:20,300
Pressure builds and she finally 
agrees. 

638
00:36:21,200 --> 00:36:25,400
In the summer of 1796, she 
Begins the journey to Italy. 

639
00:36:26,400 --> 00:36:28,300
Trip takes weeks over rough 
roads. 

640
00:36:28,300 --> 00:36:31,700
Her carriage jostles over 
mountain passes and through 

641
00:36:31,700 --> 00:36:34,400
territories, recently, conquered
by Napoleon's Army. 

642
00:36:35,100 --> 00:36:38,400
The Alps, proved particularly 
challenging, the roads are 

643
00:36:38,400 --> 00:36:41,100
narrow and steep. 
Some time, she asked to get out 

644
00:36:41,100 --> 00:36:44,000
and walk while servants guide, 
the horses carefully around 

645
00:36:44,000 --> 00:36:47,500
dangerous curves. 
She brings cases of elegant 

646
00:36:47,500 --> 00:36:51,300
clothes because she refuses to 
appear in Italy looking like a 

647
00:36:51,300 --> 00:36:54,000
camp follower. 
She brings her lap, dog. 

648
00:36:54,000 --> 00:36:58,000
Fortune a small pug who hates 
Napoleon and will continue to 

649
00:36:58,000 --> 00:37:00,400
hate him throughout their 
marriage, occasionally, 

650
00:37:00,400 --> 00:37:04,400
expressing this hatred by 
biting, the generals ankles The 

651
00:37:04,400 --> 00:37:06,600
journey gives her time to think 
about what she's doing. 

652
00:37:06,600 --> 00:37:09,400
She is leaving behind her 
comfortable life to join her 

653
00:37:09,400 --> 00:37:13,300
husband in a war zone. 
It's romantic in a way, but it's

654
00:37:13,300 --> 00:37:15,600
also inconvenient and 
potentially dangerous. 

655
00:37:16,500 --> 00:37:18,600
What if the military situation 
changes? 

656
00:37:18,600 --> 00:37:21,300
What if Napoleon's luck Runs 
Out? 

657
00:37:22,000 --> 00:37:25,700
She's putting herself at risk by
making this journey and for what

658
00:37:25,700 --> 00:37:28,700
to satisfy her husband's 
romantic needs. 

659
00:37:29,600 --> 00:37:32,900
But she's also curious. 
She wants to see this new 

660
00:37:32,900 --> 00:37:34,800
Napoleon. 
Everyone talks about. 

661
00:37:36,300 --> 00:37:38,600
The dispatch is reaching Paris 
described him. 

662
00:37:38,608 --> 00:37:42,200
As a military genius, the 
newspapers prince stories about 

663
00:37:42,200 --> 00:37:44,900
His Brilliant, tactics and 
inspiring leadership. 

664
00:37:45,700 --> 00:37:48,700
She wants to see first hand. 
How the awkward officer, who 

665
00:37:48,700 --> 00:37:52,200
tripped over his sword as 
transformed into a conquering 

666
00:37:52,200 --> 00:37:55,000
General? 
Their reunion takes place in 

667
00:37:55,000 --> 00:37:59,300
Milan in July Napoleon has taken
over one of the grand palaces 

668
00:37:59,300 --> 00:38:02,800
for his headquarters, when a 
carriage finally pulls up after 

669
00:38:02,800 --> 00:38:05,900
weeks of travel. 
He rushes out like a young boy 

670
00:38:05,900 --> 00:38:07,700
rather than a Commanding 
General. 

671
00:38:08,500 --> 00:38:11,000
He Embraces her before she is 
fully out of the carriage. 

672
00:38:11,000 --> 00:38:15,400
He's babbling in Italian, French
and Corsican all mixed together.

673
00:38:16,300 --> 00:38:19,700
His staff watches with barely 
concealed and amusement, as 

674
00:38:19,700 --> 00:38:23,400
their fearsome Commander reduces
himself to incoherent Joy. 

675
00:38:24,600 --> 00:38:28,000
The reunion is everything 
Napoleon hoped for and slightly 

676
00:38:28,000 --> 00:38:32,000
over for Josephine. 
He cancels military plans to 

677
00:38:32,000 --> 00:38:35,000
spend time with her. 
He gives orders that, he's not 

678
00:38:35,000 --> 00:38:37,900
to be disturbed unless the 
French army faces imminent 

679
00:38:37,900 --> 00:38:40,400
destruction. 
His officers learned to schedule

680
00:38:40,400 --> 00:38:43,300
important meetings for times 
when Josephine is occupied 

681
00:38:43,300 --> 00:38:47,100
elsewhere, perhaps napping, or 
writing letters, or exploring 

682
00:38:47,100 --> 00:38:50,400
the palace Gardens. 
The Commanding General who 

683
00:38:50,400 --> 00:38:53,400
terrorizes Austrian armies 
becomes almost silly in his 

684
00:38:53,408 --> 00:38:56,400
Devotion to his wife. 
He follows her around like an 

685
00:38:56,400 --> 00:38:59,400
adoring puppy. 
He wants to show her everything 

686
00:38:59,400 --> 00:39:02,900
he's accomplished, he takes her 
to seek captured cities and 

687
00:39:02,900 --> 00:39:04,800
points out his strategic 
brilliant. 

688
00:39:05,700 --> 00:39:08,600
He introduces her to his office 
as with obvious Pride. 

689
00:39:09,600 --> 00:39:12,300
This is my wife. 
His whole demeanor says, isn't 

690
00:39:12,300 --> 00:39:16,300
she magnificent? 
Josephine sees Italy Through The

691
00:39:16,300 --> 00:39:19,700
Eyes of comfort and Aesthetics 
rather than military conquest. 

692
00:39:20,500 --> 00:39:24,000
She noticed as the art, the 
architecture, the gardens that 

693
00:39:24,000 --> 00:39:27,300
survived despite the war. 
Northern Italy. 

694
00:39:27,300 --> 00:39:30,400
And summer is beautiful. 
The light has a particular 

695
00:39:30,400 --> 00:39:32,200
quality. 
That makes everything look 

696
00:39:32,200 --> 00:39:36,200
slightly golden Smell of olive 
Groves and lemon trees, 

697
00:39:36,200 --> 00:39:39,400
perfumes, the are ancient 
Villas. 

698
00:39:39,400 --> 00:39:43,900
The hillside's the people 
despite being conquered maintain

699
00:39:43,900 --> 00:39:46,000
a warmth and style that appeals 
to her. 

700
00:39:46,900 --> 00:39:50,900
Napoleon shows her palaces, his 
requisitioning, their rooms 

701
00:39:50,900 --> 00:39:53,100
filled with Renaissance, Art and
Baroque furniture. 

702
00:39:53,100 --> 00:39:57,100
He sending much of it back to 
Paris creating what will become 

703
00:39:57,100 --> 00:40:00,100
the Louvre collection? 
He points out particular 

704
00:40:00,100 --> 00:40:01,600
paintings. 
He thinks she'll enjoy. 

705
00:40:01,600 --> 00:40:06,000
Here's a Madonna by Raphael. 
There's a landscape by one of 

706
00:40:06,008 --> 00:40:09,500
the Venetian Masters. 
Look at how they've used light 

707
00:40:09,500 --> 00:40:11,700
and Shadow. 
He's learning to appreciate our 

708
00:40:11,700 --> 00:40:15,100
not just as plunder, but as 
beautiful objects worth 

709
00:40:15,100 --> 00:40:18,100
preserving. 
She helps him understand the 

710
00:40:18,100 --> 00:40:21,700
cultural significance of what 
he's conquering, teaching him to

711
00:40:21,700 --> 00:40:24,300
see Italy as more than just 
strategic territory. 

712
00:40:25,300 --> 00:40:28,800
She explains the history of the 
various city-states, the 

713
00:40:28,800 --> 00:40:31,500
artistic movements, the literary
traditions. 

714
00:40:32,300 --> 00:40:36,000
She's better educated in these 
matters than he is despite his 

715
00:40:36,000 --> 00:40:39,200
voracious reading. 
His education focused on 

716
00:40:39,208 --> 00:40:42,400
military history and 
Mathematics, hers included 

717
00:40:42,400 --> 00:40:45,800
literature music and art. 
They establish a pattern that 

718
00:40:45,800 --> 00:40:47,300
will repeat throughout their 
marriage. 

719
00:40:47,300 --> 00:40:52,700
In Napoleon focuses on glory and
Empire, Josephine creates Beauty

720
00:40:52,700 --> 00:40:56,100
and social connection. 
He needs her as an anchor to the

721
00:40:56,100 --> 00:40:58,900
normal World Beyond military 
campaigns, and political 

722
00:40:58,900 --> 00:41:02,300
ambitions. 
When he's with her, he remembers

723
00:41:02,300 --> 00:41:05,200
his human, not just a military 
machine. 

724
00:41:05,900 --> 00:41:09,200
She needs him as a source of 
power and protection in unstable

725
00:41:09,200 --> 00:41:12,300
times. 
His success gives us security, 

726
00:41:12,300 --> 00:41:16,000
she couldn't achieve on her own.
They complement each other in 

727
00:41:16,000 --> 00:41:19,800
ways, neither fully understands.
He's all intensity and ambition,

728
00:41:19,800 --> 00:41:22,300
she's all Grace and social 
intelligence. 

729
00:41:22,300 --> 00:41:26,100
He cannot think any opponent on 
a battlefield but gets lost in 

730
00:41:26,100 --> 00:41:27,300
complex. 
Social situations. 

731
00:41:27,300 --> 00:41:31,600
She can navigate the trickiest 
political gathering with ease 

732
00:41:31,600 --> 00:41:34,900
but has no head for military 
strategy together. 

733
00:41:34,900 --> 00:41:38,300
They form something stronger 
than either could be alone the 

734
00:41:38,300 --> 00:41:40,600
months in Italy. 
Give them the closest thing to 

735
00:41:40,600 --> 00:41:42,700
normal, married, life. 
They'll ever experienced. 

736
00:41:42,700 --> 00:41:46,400
You might imagine mornings when 
they wake late in some Italian, 

737
00:41:46,400 --> 00:41:48,400
Villa requisitioned for the 
Army's use. 

738
00:41:49,500 --> 00:41:52,500
Sunlight streams through tall, 
windows that look out on formal 

739
00:41:52,500 --> 00:41:54,300
Guardians, where fountains still
play. 

740
00:41:55,300 --> 00:41:58,200
The rooms smell of fresh bread, 
from the kitchens and flowers 

741
00:41:58,200 --> 00:42:02,000
from the garden. 
Napoleon reads dispatches while 

742
00:42:02,000 --> 00:42:06,300
Josephine brushes, her long dark
hair at a vanity watching him in

743
00:42:06,300 --> 00:42:09,000
the mirror. 
They take carriage rides through

744
00:42:09,000 --> 00:42:12,800
the countryside, when military 
duties allow the roads Wind 

745
00:42:12,800 --> 00:42:15,600
Through Vineyards heavy with 
great ripening in the Summer 

746
00:42:15,600 --> 00:42:17,900
sun. 
They pass ancient ruins. 

747
00:42:17,900 --> 00:42:22,200
That Napoleon insists on 
exploring Clambers over broken 

748
00:42:22,200 --> 00:42:25,700
columns and reads inscriptions 
in Latin showing off his 

749
00:42:25,700 --> 00:42:30,400
classical education. 
Josephine watches with amusement

750
00:42:30,400 --> 00:42:34,400
and occasional concern for his 
safety when he climbs 

751
00:42:34,400 --> 00:42:36,600
particularly precarious 
structures. 

752
00:42:37,400 --> 00:42:40,500
They attend dinners, where local
Italian ability, tries to 

753
00:42:40,500 --> 00:42:42,500
ingratiate themselves with the 
Conqueror. 

754
00:42:43,300 --> 00:42:45,800
Josephine, smoothed, these 
occasions with her social 

755
00:42:45,800 --> 00:42:49,500
skills, she complements the 
food, admires the artwork and 

756
00:42:49,500 --> 00:42:51,600
makes conversation that puts 
people at ease. 

757
00:42:52,300 --> 00:42:55,900
Napoleon watches her work, the 
room and Marvels at her ability,

758
00:42:55,900 --> 00:42:59,100
to make people like her. 
It's a Skilling entirely lacks 

759
00:42:59,100 --> 00:43:01,100
and deeply needs in a political 
wife. 

760
00:43:01,900 --> 00:43:04,900
Sometimes he waits in the night 
and just watches her sleep. 

761
00:43:05,700 --> 00:43:07,700
He can't quite believe his 
fortune. 

762
00:43:08,500 --> 00:43:11,300
This elegant beautiful woman 
chose to marry him. 

763
00:43:11,300 --> 00:43:14,900
She left her comfortable life in
Paris to join him in Italy. 

764
00:43:15,800 --> 00:43:19,200
She loves him to spite all his 
awkwardness and intensity. 

765
00:43:19,900 --> 00:43:23,500
He feels gratitude, so profound 
it almost frightened him. 

766
00:43:24,200 --> 00:43:27,000
What would he do? 
If he lost her, he can't even 

767
00:43:27,000 --> 00:43:29,600
contemplate the possibility 
without feeling panic. 

768
00:43:30,400 --> 00:43:33,400
Josephine becomes pregnant 
during this time, though, shalt 

769
00:43:33,400 --> 00:43:36,200
miscarry before the pregnancy is
very far. 

770
00:43:37,100 --> 00:43:40,800
The loss happens quietly 
painfully in one of the Italian 

771
00:43:40,800 --> 00:43:43,800
Villas where they're staying, 
the Army doctors attend her 

772
00:43:43,800 --> 00:43:46,600
Napoleon hovers. 
Anxiously until she tells him 

773
00:43:46,600 --> 00:43:50,000
firmly to go deal with military 
matters and let her recover in 

774
00:43:50,000 --> 00:43:52,200
peace. 
She's been through childbirth 

775
00:43:52,200 --> 00:43:54,700
twice before and knows how to 
handle these matters. 

776
00:43:55,400 --> 00:43:57,100
Neither of them discusses this 
loss. 

777
00:43:57,100 --> 00:43:58,800
Much in their letters or 
records. 

778
00:43:59,500 --> 00:44:02,100
For Napoleon, it represents a 
disappointment. 

779
00:44:02,100 --> 00:44:04,800
He pushes aside to focus on 
campaigns. 

780
00:44:05,500 --> 00:44:07,200
There will be other 
opportunities for children. 

781
00:44:07,200 --> 00:44:09,600
He tells himself, they're both 
young enough. 

782
00:44:10,300 --> 00:44:13,400
For Josephine who already has 
two children from her first 

783
00:44:13,400 --> 00:44:15,300
marriage. 
It's a sadness. 

784
00:44:15,300 --> 00:44:18,800
She processes privately. 
She is old enough to worry that 

785
00:44:18,800 --> 00:44:20,400
future pregnant Seasons. 
Might not happen. 

786
00:44:21,400 --> 00:44:23,500
But she doesn't share these 
worries with Napoleon. 

787
00:44:24,300 --> 00:44:27,800
Why add to his burden's as 
Autumn approaches? 

788
00:44:27,800 --> 00:44:31,500
Military necessity, separates 
them again Napoleon must 

789
00:44:31,500 --> 00:44:33,200
continue. 
His campaign deeper into 

790
00:44:33,200 --> 00:44:36,500
Austrian territory. 
Josephine needs to return to 

791
00:44:36,500 --> 00:44:39,000
Paris to see her children and 
manage Affairs there. 

792
00:44:39,800 --> 00:44:41,700
The parking's, never get easier 
for him. 

793
00:44:42,600 --> 00:44:45,500
Stan's watching her carriage and
until it disappears from view. 

794
00:44:45,500 --> 00:44:50,200
Then returns to his work with 
grim, determination, his letters

795
00:44:50,200 --> 00:44:53,600
resume immediately as 
professional and demanding as 

796
00:44:53,600 --> 00:44:57,400
before. 
Black in Paris, Josephine. 

797
00:44:57,400 --> 00:45:00,200
Settles into her role. 
As the wife of France's most 

798
00:45:00,200 --> 00:45:03,200
celebrated General, the 
victories in Italy have made 

799
00:45:03,200 --> 00:45:06,700
Napoleon even more famous. 
Songs are written about him 

800
00:45:06,700 --> 00:45:09,700
newspapers. 
Print dramatic accounts of his 

801
00:45:09,708 --> 00:45:13,800
battles political cartoons. 
Show him as a hero or a threat. 

802
00:45:14,700 --> 00:45:18,400
Pending on the artist politics, 
everyone wants to meet his wife 

803
00:45:18,400 --> 00:45:22,300
to hear her stories to bask in 
reflected Glory. 

804
00:45:23,600 --> 00:45:27,900
She moves to a grander house on 
Rudolph the name itself. 

805
00:45:27,900 --> 00:45:31,700
A piece of propaganda about the 
Napoleon successes, the new 

806
00:45:31,700 --> 00:45:34,400
house requires extensive 
renovation, and decoration 

807
00:45:34,400 --> 00:45:38,500
Josephine throws herself into 
the project with enthusiasm. 

808
00:45:38,500 --> 00:45:40,900
She has an eye for design and 
the budget. 

809
00:45:40,900 --> 00:45:45,000
Now, to indulge a taste Creates 
rooms that blend classical 

810
00:45:45,000 --> 00:45:46,800
restraint, with comfortable 
luxury. 

811
00:45:46,800 --> 00:45:50,300
She redecorates with the plunder
Napoleon sense from Italy. 

812
00:45:51,000 --> 00:45:53,800
Egyptian artifacts from his 
looming campaign in that 

813
00:45:53,800 --> 00:45:56,900
country. 
Italian painting's in gilded 

814
00:45:56,900 --> 00:46:02,300
frames ancient, Roman sculptures
Persian carpets Chinese 

815
00:46:02,300 --> 00:46:06,500
porcelain The house becomes a 
Showcase of international 

816
00:46:06,500 --> 00:46:08,600
Treasures. 
All brought together through 

817
00:46:08,600 --> 00:46:12,100
conquest and carefully arranged 
by Josephine's Aesthetics 

818
00:46:12,100 --> 00:46:15,100
sentence. 
She becomes known for her taste 

819
00:46:15,100 --> 00:46:17,900
and her ability to blend the 
classical with the contemporary.

820
00:46:18,700 --> 00:46:21,400
Fashion magazines, describe her 
style in detail. 

821
00:46:22,400 --> 00:46:25,300
Other women, try to copy her 
combinations of simple dresses 

822
00:46:25,300 --> 00:46:29,000
with exotic accessories. 
She has a gift for making the 

823
00:46:29,000 --> 00:46:31,600
foreign seem accessible and the 
classical scene modern. 

824
00:46:32,300 --> 00:46:34,400
A Greek vase. 
Its next to a contemporary, 

825
00:46:34,400 --> 00:46:38,200
French clock, an Egyptian, 
statue, stands beside Italian, 

826
00:46:38,200 --> 00:46:42,100
Renaissance furniture, It 
shouldn't work but somehow it 

827
00:46:42,100 --> 00:46:45,200
does. 
Her Salon becomes increasingly 

828
00:46:45,200 --> 00:46:49,500
important in Paris political and
social life artists writers 

829
00:46:49,500 --> 00:46:53,300
politicians and Military 
Officers Gathering her drawing 

830
00:46:53,300 --> 00:46:55,200
rooms on designated evil 
evening's. 

831
00:46:55,900 --> 00:47:00,100
The conversation, flows, easily 
ideas, get exchanged 

832
00:47:00,100 --> 00:47:05,100
introductions, get made 
alliances Forum, Josephine 

833
00:47:05,100 --> 00:47:08,800
presides over all of it with 
warmth and intelligence, she has

834
00:47:08,800 --> 00:47:11,400
a gift for making people feel 
comfortable and important. 

835
00:47:11,400 --> 00:47:14,700
She remembers details about 
people's lives and asks about 

836
00:47:14,700 --> 00:47:17,800
them later. 
How is your son doing at 

837
00:47:17,800 --> 00:47:19,700
military school? 
Did your book? 

838
00:47:19,700 --> 00:47:24,100
Find a publisher as your mother 
recovered from her illness the 

839
00:47:24,100 --> 00:47:25,700
small. 
Attentions create loyalty and 

840
00:47:25,700 --> 00:47:28,000
affection. 
People, feel valued in her 

841
00:47:28,000 --> 00:47:30,900
presence. 
She introduces useful contacts 

842
00:47:30,900 --> 00:47:32,800
to each other. 
The young painter needs. 

843
00:47:32,800 --> 00:47:36,200
A patron that wealthy Merchant 
wants to commission, art. 

844
00:47:36,200 --> 00:47:39,700
Let me introduce you. 
The politicians seeks military 

845
00:47:39,700 --> 00:47:43,100
information, that General knows 
exactly what's happening at the 

846
00:47:43,108 --> 00:47:45,700
front. 
Come, let me make an 

847
00:47:45,700 --> 00:47:48,300
introduction. 
She builds networks that serve 

848
00:47:48,300 --> 00:47:52,400
both her interests and 
Napoleon's Napoleon fighting. 

849
00:47:52,400 --> 00:47:54,700
In distant lands. 
Relies on her letters to 

850
00:47:54,700 --> 00:47:56,800
understand the political 
currents of Paris. 

851
00:47:57,700 --> 00:47:59,800
She describes whose rising in 
the government and whose 

852
00:47:59,800 --> 00:48:03,600
falling, she explains which 
policies are popular and which 

853
00:48:03,600 --> 00:48:07,400
are causing discontent. 
She gossips about rivalries and 

854
00:48:07,400 --> 00:48:11,700
alliances this information. 
Proves invaluable Napoleon can 

855
00:48:11,700 --> 00:48:14,100
adjust his own political 
maneuvering based on her 

856
00:48:14,100 --> 00:48:17,400
reports. 
The time apart also allows 

857
00:48:17,400 --> 00:48:19,000
certain complications to 
develop. 

858
00:48:19,900 --> 00:48:23,500
Josephine is beautiful woman, 
living alone in a society, where

859
00:48:23,500 --> 00:48:26,100
marital Fidelity is not strictly
observed. 

860
00:48:26,900 --> 00:48:30,000
Young officers come to pay their
respects to their Commander's 

861
00:48:30,000 --> 00:48:31,600
wife. 
They linger longer than 

862
00:48:31,608 --> 00:48:34,400
necessary, they offer to escort 
her to the theater. 

863
00:48:34,400 --> 00:48:38,800
They send flowers and small 
gifts, the attention, flatters 

864
00:48:38,800 --> 00:48:42,100
her, and the loneliness of 
Napoleon's long absence weighs 

865
00:48:42,100 --> 00:48:44,500
on her. 
Rumors reached Napoleon about 

866
00:48:44,500 --> 00:48:48,100
her possible infidelities. 
His officers returning from 

867
00:48:48,100 --> 00:48:52,000
Paris, bring whispered stories. 
Did you know, your wife has been

868
00:48:52,008 --> 00:48:54,200
seen frequently with that 
Cavalry officer. 

869
00:48:54,200 --> 00:48:56,700
She attended the Opera with him 
last week. 

870
00:48:56,700 --> 00:48:59,100
They seemed quite familiar with 
each other. 

871
00:48:59,100 --> 00:49:03,600
The rumors may be exaggerated or
entirely false products of 

872
00:49:03,608 --> 00:49:07,200
gossip and Malice, well, they 
may contain elements of Truth. 

873
00:49:08,100 --> 00:49:11,600
War makes separation inevitable,
and separation creates 

874
00:49:11,600 --> 00:49:14,500
temptation. 
Napoleon writes, her letters, 

875
00:49:14,500 --> 00:49:17,700
full of jealous accusations 
mixed with desperate, pleas. 

876
00:49:18,700 --> 00:49:22,200
How can she do this to him? 
Doesn't she understand that he 

877
00:49:22,200 --> 00:49:25,700
thinks of no one but her? 
He is faithful, despite 

878
00:49:25,700 --> 00:49:29,400
opportunities and temptations. 
The least you can do is show him

879
00:49:29,400 --> 00:49:33,500
the same loyalty. 
Then in the next paragraph, he's

880
00:49:33,500 --> 00:49:37,200
begging her to reassure him. 
Tell him the rumors are false. 

881
00:49:37,200 --> 00:49:41,000
Tell him she loves only him. 
He needs to hear it. 

882
00:49:42,100 --> 00:49:45,800
Josephine denies everything and 
scolds him for believing gossip.

883
00:49:46,500 --> 00:49:49,300
Of course, she's faithful. 
How dare he questioned her 

884
00:49:49,300 --> 00:49:52,300
honor. 
The accusations hurt her deeply,

885
00:49:52,300 --> 00:49:55,600
she writes, she's alone in Paris
managing everything. 

886
00:49:55,600 --> 00:49:58,900
While he's off winning glory and
he repays her by believing 

887
00:49:58,900 --> 00:50:02,200
malicious rumors, spread by 
people who Envy their happiness.

888
00:50:03,100 --> 00:50:06,200
Her letters mixed genuine 
indignation with skillful 

889
00:50:06,200 --> 00:50:10,800
deflection. the truth as is 
often the case like he falls 

890
00:50:10,800 --> 00:50:14,700
somewhere between a suspicions 
and her denials She enjoys the 

891
00:50:14,708 --> 00:50:17,700
attention of handsome, young 
officers without letting it go 

892
00:50:17,700 --> 00:50:20,600
too far. 
Perhaps, she's crossed lines. 

893
00:50:20,600 --> 00:50:24,500
She shouldn't have during 
particularly lonely moments. the

894
00:50:24,500 --> 00:50:28,500
rumors are entirely baseless 
created by enemies seeking to 

895
00:50:28,500 --> 00:50:32,100
wound Napoleon through his 
obvious vulnerability where his 

896
00:50:32,100 --> 00:50:35,600
wife is concerned, The 
historical record remains 

897
00:50:35,600 --> 00:50:39,600
ambiguous and both principals, 
have good reasons to obscure the

898
00:50:39,600 --> 00:50:41,700
truth. 
Napoleon himself. 

899
00:50:41,700 --> 00:50:46,500
Remained utterly faithful not 
from moral superiority, but 

900
00:50:46,500 --> 00:50:50,200
because he's using capable of 
dividing his passions when he 

901
00:50:50,200 --> 00:50:54,700
loves he loves completely. 
When he fights, he fights. 

902
00:50:54,700 --> 00:50:58,300
Completely the idea of casual 
romantic Adventures while 

903
00:50:58,300 --> 00:51:01,100
longing for Josephine's. 
Simply doesn't fit his nature. 

904
00:51:01,100 --> 00:51:05,800
He is offered opportunities, 
Victory, brings admiration and 

905
00:51:05,800 --> 00:51:08,200
admiration. 
Sometimes comes with romantic 

906
00:51:08,200 --> 00:51:11,100
overtures. 
But he brushes these aside 

907
00:51:11,100 --> 00:51:14,400
without serious temptation. 
This imbalance in their 

908
00:51:14,408 --> 00:51:18,600
relationship causes him genuine 
pain but he can't stop loving 

909
00:51:18,600 --> 00:51:21,900
her anymore than he can. 
Stop breathing He's become 

910
00:51:21,900 --> 00:51:23,800
essential to his emotional 
survival. 

911
00:51:24,600 --> 00:51:28,200
The thought of losing her 
terrifies him more than any 

912
00:51:28,200 --> 00:51:31,300
military defeat. 
So he endures the jealousy 

913
00:51:31,300 --> 00:51:35,300
writes, the pleading letters 
believes her reassurance is 

914
00:51:35,300 --> 00:51:37,600
because the alternative is 
unbearable. 

915
00:51:38,500 --> 00:51:43,200
In 1798, Napoleon convinces, the
government to let him lead an 

916
00:51:43,200 --> 00:51:47,300
expedition to Egypt. his stated 
goal is to threaten British 

917
00:51:47,300 --> 00:51:50,400
interests in the East and 
potentially open a route to 

918
00:51:50,400 --> 00:51:53,900
India. 
His unstated goals and included 

919
00:51:53,900 --> 00:51:57,200
achieving more Glory, studying 
ancient Egyptian civilization 

920
00:51:57,200 --> 00:52:00,500
and escaping Paris politics for 
a while. 

921
00:52:00,500 --> 00:52:04,000
The directory approves because 
their nervous about his growing 

922
00:52:04,000 --> 00:52:07,400
Fame and influence, better to 
have him far away, conquering 

923
00:52:07,400 --> 00:52:09,800
Egypt the nearby plotting 
political maneuvers. 

924
00:52:10,900 --> 00:52:14,200
Josephine decidedly does not 
accompany him on this Expedition

925
00:52:14,200 --> 00:52:19,100
the idea of Egypt's heat insects
and lack of Parisian and 

926
00:52:19,100 --> 00:52:20,900
amenities holds zero appeal for 
her. 

927
00:52:21,700 --> 00:52:24,000
She's heard enough about desert 
conditions to know. 

928
00:52:24,000 --> 00:52:26,200
She has no interest in 
experiencing them. 

929
00:52:26,200 --> 00:52:31,500
First hand sides, her children, 
need her in Paris, a social 

930
00:52:31,500 --> 00:52:35,700
position requires her presence. 
Napoleon tries to convince her. 

931
00:52:35,700 --> 00:52:40,500
But for, once she refuses, 
absolutely, he can conquer Egypt

932
00:52:40,500 --> 00:52:44,100
without her, the Egyptian 
campaign proves both triumphant 

933
00:52:44,100 --> 00:52:48,100
and difficult, Napoleon wins. 
The battle of the pyramids with 

934
00:52:48,100 --> 00:52:51,700
his usual brilliant's routing, 
the mammoth Cavalry, that's 

935
00:52:51,700 --> 00:52:55,500
ruled Egypt for centuries. 
He makes his famous speech about

936
00:52:55,500 --> 00:53:00,000
40 centuries looking down on his
soldiers from the pyramids, he 

937
00:53:00,000 --> 00:53:02,900
captures Cairo and begins 
reorganizing Egyptian 

938
00:53:02,900 --> 00:53:05,400
government. 
He studied his Egyptian antique 

939
00:53:05,400 --> 00:53:08,600
which is with genuine 
Fascination bringing Scholars 

940
00:53:08,600 --> 00:53:11,500
and scientists along 
specifically to study this 

941
00:53:11,500 --> 00:53:15,700
ancient civilization, but he cut
off from Europe when British 

942
00:53:15,700 --> 00:53:18,900
Admiral Nelson destroys his 
Fleet at the Battle of the Nile.

943
00:53:19,700 --> 00:53:22,500
The ship that brought his army 
to Egypt lie at the bottom of 

944
00:53:22,500 --> 00:53:26,200
the Mediterranean. 
He stuck in his Egypt, unable to

945
00:53:26,200 --> 00:53:29,600
return easily to France, while 
rumors about Josephine's, 

946
00:53:29,600 --> 00:53:33,500
conduct in Paris, him nearly mad
with jealousy and hurt. 

947
00:53:34,400 --> 00:53:37,800
The letters, take weeks to 
travel between Paris and Cairo. 

948
00:53:37,800 --> 00:53:40,800
And when they do arrive, they 
bring little comfort. 

949
00:53:40,800 --> 00:53:45,100
You can imagine him in Cairo 
sitting in some commandeered 

950
00:53:45,100 --> 00:53:47,100
Palace that once belonged to the
mamluks. 

951
00:53:47,800 --> 00:53:51,100
The rooms are popular in an 
oriental style, completely 

952
00:53:51,100 --> 00:53:54,700
different from European 
architecture, intricate tile 

953
00:53:54,700 --> 00:53:58,300
work covers the walls screens of
carved wood filter. 

954
00:53:58,300 --> 00:54:02,700
The harsh sunlight, Smell of 
incense and spices drifts up 

955
00:54:02,700 --> 00:54:06,500
from the markets below. 
But Napoleon notices, none of 

956
00:54:06,508 --> 00:54:08,800
this beauty. 
He's trying to focus on 

957
00:54:08,800 --> 00:54:12,600
governing Egypt while his mine 
circles obsessively around. 

958
00:54:12,600 --> 00:54:15,500
What Josephine might be doing 
5,000 miles away. 

959
00:54:16,600 --> 00:54:19,100
His officers noticed their 
Commander growing, more short, 

960
00:54:19,100 --> 00:54:22,900
tempered, and distracted. 
He snaps at subordinates over 

961
00:54:22,900 --> 00:54:26,700
minor mistake. 
He works punishing hours as if 

962
00:54:26,700 --> 00:54:28,800
exhaustion might quiet his 
thoughts. 

963
00:54:29,500 --> 00:54:33,200
He throws himself into studying 
hieroglyphics and fairy onic 

964
00:54:33,200 --> 00:54:36,400
history seeking Escape in 
ancient Mysteries. 

965
00:54:37,300 --> 00:54:41,000
But thoughts of Josephine 
intrude constantly, unwelcome, 

966
00:54:41,000 --> 00:54:45,400
and unavoidable the heat in 
Cairo during summer becomes 

967
00:54:45,400 --> 00:54:48,100
oppressive. 
Even the stone buildings that 

968
00:54:48,100 --> 00:54:50,900
stay relatively cool. 
During the day, radiates stored 

969
00:54:50,900 --> 00:54:55,300
heated at night, Napoleon lies 
awake on sweat. 

970
00:54:55,300 --> 00:54:59,200
Soaked, sheets, imagining 
scenarios that torture him. 

971
00:55:00,100 --> 00:55:04,100
Josephine at the Opera with 
another man Josephine laughing 

972
00:55:04,100 --> 00:55:07,200
at jokes. 
He can't hear Josephine in 

973
00:55:07,200 --> 00:55:10,100
someone else's arms. 
He knows these thoughts are 

974
00:55:10,100 --> 00:55:13,500
probably exaggerated products of
distance and anxiety, but 

975
00:55:13,500 --> 00:55:15,900
knowing doesn't help the images 
haunt him. 

976
00:55:15,900 --> 00:55:19,900
Anyway, eventually Napoleon 
makes a bold decision, He 

977
00:55:19,900 --> 00:55:23,000
abandons, the Army in Egypt and 
slips back to France with a few 

978
00:55:23,000 --> 00:55:27,100
trusted companions it's a risky 
move, both militarily and 

979
00:55:27,100 --> 00:55:29,800
politically. 
If the voyage fails and British 

980
00:55:29,800 --> 00:55:32,800
ships capture him, he could 
spend years as a prisoner of 

981
00:55:32,800 --> 00:55:35,100
war. 
If it succeeds, but the 

982
00:55:35,100 --> 00:55:38,400
government disapproves of his 
unauthorized departure, he could

983
00:55:38,400 --> 00:55:40,500
be caught marshaled for 
deserting his post. 

984
00:55:41,600 --> 00:55:43,400
But he doesn't care about these 
wrists. 

985
00:55:43,400 --> 00:55:45,500
He needs to get home to 
Josephine. 

986
00:55:45,500 --> 00:55:48,100
He needs to see her confront 
her. 

987
00:55:48,108 --> 00:55:52,000
If necessary reassure himself of
her love, everything else is 

988
00:55:52,000 --> 00:55:54,600
secondary. 
Let the Army managed without 

989
00:55:54,600 --> 00:55:57,600
him. 
Let the politicians played, he's

990
00:55:57,600 --> 00:56:01,500
going home. 
The Journey Back takes weeks of 

991
00:56:01,500 --> 00:56:04,800
tension, his ship must Dodge. 
British patrols through a 

992
00:56:04,800 --> 00:56:08,800
combination of luck, careful, 
navigation, and favorable wins. 

993
00:56:09,600 --> 00:56:13,400
The sale close to the North 
African Coast hoping to avoid 

994
00:56:13,400 --> 00:56:17,200
the main British Fleet routes 
every sale on the horizon brings

995
00:56:17,200 --> 00:56:20,100
Panic until they confirm its not
an enemy ship. 

996
00:56:20,100 --> 00:56:23,600
Napoleon spends, the time 
composing speeches in his mind 

997
00:56:23,600 --> 00:56:27,300
planning confrontations 
imagining reunions. 

998
00:56:27,300 --> 00:56:30,600
His emotions swing between anger
and longing between 

999
00:56:30,600 --> 00:56:34,700
determination and anxiety. 
By the time he reaches French 

1000
00:56:34,700 --> 00:56:39,300
soil, in October 1799, with 
emotion and anticipation. 

1001
00:56:40,400 --> 00:56:43,700
He travels directly to Paris to 
their house on Rue. 

1002
00:56:43,700 --> 00:56:46,700
De la victoire barely stopping 
to rest or change clothes. 

1003
00:56:46,700 --> 00:56:50,800
He needs to see Josephine, 
immediately, he bursts into the 

1004
00:56:50,800 --> 00:56:55,100
house, only to find it, empty 
She is not there, the servants. 

1005
00:56:55,100 --> 00:56:57,000
Tell him. 
She's traveling having gone to 

1006
00:56:57,000 --> 00:56:59,900
meet him at a different port. 
They've literally passed each 

1007
00:56:59,900 --> 00:57:02,900
other on different roads like 
characters in some tragic 

1008
00:57:02,900 --> 00:57:06,700
comedy. 
Napoleon exhausted from weeks of

1009
00:57:06,700 --> 00:57:09,300
travel and emotionally raw from 
months of anxiety. 

1010
00:57:09,300 --> 00:57:14,300
Let's himself into the empty 
house and has a spectacular fit 

1011
00:57:14,300 --> 00:57:18,600
of rage and hurt. 
Storms through the rooms noting 

1012
00:57:18,600 --> 00:57:22,400
changes and decoration finding 
evidence of her life continuing 

1013
00:57:22,400 --> 00:57:25,300
happily without him. 
He tells Josephine's children 

1014
00:57:25,300 --> 00:57:27,000
and servants that the marriage 
is over. 

1015
00:57:27,000 --> 00:57:30,000
He's done. 
He cannot continue this way. 

1016
00:57:30,000 --> 00:57:33,400
He locks himself in the bedroom 
they shared and refuses to come 

1017
00:57:33,400 --> 00:57:36,100
out. 
Refusing, food, refusing, 

1018
00:57:36,100 --> 00:57:40,300
company, refusing, everything, 
except his wounded pride and 

1019
00:57:40,300 --> 00:57:43,400
broken heart. 
Josephine arrives home the next 

1020
00:57:43,400 --> 00:57:46,300
day, to find the house in uproar
and her husband barricaded in 

1021
00:57:46,300 --> 00:57:48,600
their room. 
The servants, meet her, at the 

1022
00:57:48,608 --> 00:57:52,900
door, with anxious reports, the 
general is very angry, he's 

1023
00:57:52,900 --> 00:57:56,300
locked himself up stairs, he 
said, terrible things, he's 

1024
00:57:56,300 --> 00:57:59,700
threatened divorce. 
She climbs the stairs slowly, 

1025
00:57:59,700 --> 00:58:04,100
her mind racing. 
She knows why He's angry the 

1026
00:58:04,100 --> 00:58:07,000
rumors of reached him. 
Now, she must face the 

1027
00:58:07,000 --> 00:58:10,100
consequences. 
She stands outside the locked 

1028
00:58:10,100 --> 00:58:12,900
door and pleads with him, she 
explains where she is being and 

1029
00:58:12,900 --> 00:58:17,100
why she denies the worst 
accusations while carefully not 

1030
00:58:17,100 --> 00:58:20,100
addressing others. 
She cries and the tears are 

1031
00:58:20,100 --> 00:58:22,300
genuine. 
She doesn't want to lose him. 

1032
00:58:22,300 --> 00:58:25,500
Yes, she has been foolish. 
Yes. 

1033
00:58:25,500 --> 00:58:27,500
She's enjoyed attention from 
other men. 

1034
00:58:27,500 --> 00:58:31,100
She loves him. 
She's always loved him. 

1035
00:58:31,100 --> 00:58:33,700
These other men mean nothing 
compared to him. 

1036
00:58:35,000 --> 00:58:39,200
Napoleon inside the room wants 
desperately to believe her but 

1037
00:58:39,200 --> 00:58:42,500
feels betrayed and wounded, he's
given her everything. 

1038
00:58:42,500 --> 00:58:45,700
His whole heart is complete 
devotion. 

1039
00:58:46,700 --> 00:58:50,500
And how has she repaid him by 
making him a laughing stock in 

1040
00:58:50,500 --> 00:58:52,800
Perris Society while he 
conquered Egypt for France? 

1041
00:58:52,800 --> 00:58:56,400
The pain is physical, like 
someone's driven a knife into 

1042
00:58:56,400 --> 00:59:00,200
his chest and keeps twisting it.
Her daughter, Hortense and Son, 

1043
00:59:00,200 --> 00:59:03,500
use and add their voices. 
Outside the door, begging, the 

1044
00:59:03,500 --> 00:59:04,600
Napoleon to forgive their 
mother. 

1045
00:59:04,600 --> 00:59:08,200
They've come to love this 
intense Corsican who treats them

1046
00:59:08,200 --> 00:59:11,900
with real affection. he's been 
more of a father to them than 

1047
00:59:11,908 --> 00:59:15,400
their actual father ever was 
They don't want to lose him. 

1048
00:59:15,400 --> 00:59:19,600
The understand their mother has 
faults but who doesn't He should

1049
00:59:19,600 --> 00:59:21,400
forgive her. 
They need him. 

1050
00:59:22,700 --> 00:59:26,700
For hours this continues. 
Outside the door Josephine. 

1051
00:59:26,700 --> 00:59:29,000
Pause out, her heart with 
growing desperation. 

1052
00:59:29,800 --> 00:59:33,100
She apologizes for everything. 
She promises reform. 

1053
00:59:33,100 --> 00:59:36,800
She swears Eternal faithfulness 
From This Moment forward. 

1054
00:59:37,800 --> 00:59:41,000
Inside Napoleon's anger battles 
with his love. 

1055
00:59:41,000 --> 00:59:44,700
He wants to punish her. 
He wants to throw her out and 

1056
00:59:44,700 --> 00:59:48,400
never see her again. 
But he also wants to hold her 

1057
00:59:48,400 --> 00:59:50,600
and pretend none of this ever 
happened. 

1058
00:59:51,800 --> 00:59:55,400
Finally, sometime in the early 
morning hours you might hear the

1059
00:59:55,400 --> 00:59:59,200
lock click. 
The door opens slowly Josephine 

1060
00:59:59,200 --> 01:00:02,300
enters. 
Napoleon stands by the window. 

1061
01:00:02,300 --> 01:00:05,000
His back to her, his shoulders 
tense. 

1062
01:00:05,900 --> 01:00:08,700
What happens? 
Next remains private but by 

1063
01:00:08,700 --> 01:00:12,700
morning they've reconciled. 
Napoleon emerges having forgiven

1064
01:00:12,700 --> 01:00:15,300
everything because he cannot 
imagine his life without her. 

1065
01:00:16,200 --> 01:00:19,500
Josephine, emerges Having 
learned that despite his rage, 

1066
01:00:19,500 --> 01:00:22,300
his love for her override, 
everything else. 

1067
01:00:23,300 --> 01:00:25,700
This knowledge is both 
comforting and slightly 

1068
01:00:25,700 --> 01:00:29,900
terrifying, this pattern of 
conflict and Reconciliation will

1069
01:00:29,900 --> 01:00:32,700
repeat throughout their 
marriage, though, never quite as

1070
01:00:32,700 --> 01:00:37,300
dramatically as this first. 
Major crisis, Napoleon's 

1071
01:00:37,300 --> 01:00:40,300
jealousy and Josephine's 
independent Clash. 

1072
01:00:40,300 --> 01:00:44,400
They fight they reconcile their 
love survives because underneath

1073
01:00:44,400 --> 01:00:46,800
all the drama. 
They genuinely need each other. 

1074
01:00:46,800 --> 01:00:49,600
He needs her warmth and social 
Grace. 

1075
01:00:49,600 --> 01:00:52,700
She needs his devotion and 
protection. 

1076
01:00:53,600 --> 01:00:57,300
The balance isn't always equal 
or fair, but it functions. 

1077
01:00:58,400 --> 01:01:02,400
Within weeks of this reunion 
Napoleon helps orchestrate, the 

1078
01:01:02,400 --> 01:01:04,600
coup of 18 broom mayor that 
overthrows. 

1079
01:01:04,600 --> 01:01:08,100
The directory. 
France, has grown tired of weak 

1080
01:01:08,100 --> 01:01:12,200
corrupt government. 
The economy, staggers the war 

1081
01:01:12,200 --> 01:01:16,100
drags on political instability 
threatens everything. 

1082
01:01:17,200 --> 01:01:20,400
Napoleon and his fellow plotters
established the consulate. 

1083
01:01:20,400 --> 01:01:24,000
Supposedly a shared leadership 
among three consoles. 

1084
01:01:24,000 --> 01:01:28,000
In reality Napoleon, quickly 
becomes, first console, and 

1085
01:01:28,000 --> 01:01:32,300
effective dictator of France, 
his 30 years old and now rules 

1086
01:01:32,300 --> 01:01:35,000
the nation. 
Josephine becomes first lady of 

1087
01:01:35,000 --> 01:01:38,600
France and Albert name. 
She moves with Napoleon into the

1088
01:01:38,600 --> 01:01:41,900
twillies palace, where French, 
King's, once lived before the 

1089
01:01:41,900 --> 01:01:44,600
Revolution. 
The irony isn't lost on her. 

1090
01:01:44,600 --> 01:01:48,000
She grew up on a Caribbean 
Plantation, reading about their 

1091
01:01:48,000 --> 01:01:52,100
side and French royalty. survive
the revolution that destroyed 

1092
01:01:52,100 --> 01:01:55,000
that world and now lives in a 
palace with her husband 

1093
01:01:55,000 --> 01:01:59,400
wielding, royal power under a 
different title Life has a sense

1094
01:01:59,400 --> 01:02:02,800
of humor, sometimes. 
She transforms herself once 

1095
01:02:02,800 --> 01:02:04,800
again. 
This time into something 

1096
01:02:04,800 --> 01:02:08,200
approaching a queen. 
She establishes a court around 

1097
01:02:08,200 --> 01:02:11,200
herself with ladies and waiting 
and formal protocols. 

1098
01:02:11,900 --> 01:02:14,700
The rules are less rigid than 
the old monarchies, elaborate 

1099
01:02:14,700 --> 01:02:19,100
etiquette, but structure exists.
people learn when they can 

1100
01:02:19,108 --> 01:02:22,800
approach her and when they must 
wait, She holds regular 

1101
01:02:22,800 --> 01:02:25,600
audiences. 
She attends official functions. 

1102
01:02:25,600 --> 01:02:30,000
She represents France at 
diplomatic reception, she sets 

1103
01:02:30,000 --> 01:02:34,300
fashion for all of France. 
When Josephine adopts, a new 

1104
01:02:34,300 --> 01:02:37,300
style of dress, or a different 
way of arranging hair women 

1105
01:02:37,300 --> 01:02:39,500
across the country, copy her 
within weeks. 

1106
01:02:40,400 --> 01:02:44,400
She has impeccable taste and the
confidence to make bold choices.

1107
01:02:44,400 --> 01:02:47,500
She introduces the high waisted 
Empire silhouette. 

1108
01:02:47,500 --> 01:02:49,300
That will dominate fashion for 
years. 

1109
01:02:50,300 --> 01:02:53,900
She popularized specific 
Fabrics, certain colors 

1110
01:02:53,900 --> 01:02:58,400
particular ways of draping 
shawls, fashion magazines. 

1111
01:02:58,400 --> 01:03:01,700
Follow her every appearance and 
describe her outfits in my new 

1112
01:03:01,700 --> 01:03:05,000
detail. 
The tweener Josephine's 

1113
01:03:05,000 --> 01:03:07,400
influence becomes elegant, 
without being stuffy. 

1114
01:03:08,300 --> 01:03:11,300
She understands that Napoleon's 
government needs to impress 

1115
01:03:11,300 --> 01:03:14,400
foreign diplomats and 
established legitimacy. 

1116
01:03:15,200 --> 01:03:18,300
She also remember her own 
discomfort in the overly formal 

1117
01:03:18,300 --> 01:03:20,700
quarts of the old regime that 
she learned about through 

1118
01:03:20,700 --> 01:03:24,600
stories and books. 
She creates something new a 

1119
01:03:24,600 --> 01:03:26,800
blender of Republicans 
Simplicity and Imperial 

1120
01:03:26,800 --> 01:03:29,500
Grandeur. 
That suggests France has moved 

1121
01:03:29,500 --> 01:03:32,300
Beyond both the ancient regime 
and the revolution's chaos. 

1122
01:03:32,900 --> 01:03:36,400
Napoleon, meanwhile Works 
constantly to stabilize France 

1123
01:03:36,400 --> 01:03:40,100
and defeat its enemies. 
He rises at dawn and works until

1124
01:03:40,100 --> 01:03:44,200
midnight most days, he reforms 
the legal system, creating the 

1125
01:03:44,200 --> 01:03:46,900
Napoleonic Code that will 
influence lore, across Europe 

1126
01:03:46,900 --> 01:03:51,200
and eventually around the world.
He rebuilds roads and canals 

1127
01:03:51,200 --> 01:03:54,100
destroyed during years of 
revolutionary neglect. 

1128
01:03:54,800 --> 01:03:57,500
He negotiates treaties with 
European powers. 

1129
01:03:57,500 --> 01:04:01,500
He plans military campaigns, he 
sleeps only a few hours and 

1130
01:04:01,500 --> 01:04:04,500
night and expects everyone 
around him to match his energy, 

1131
01:04:04,500 --> 01:04:08,900
which proves exhausting for his 
staff Josephine provides 

1132
01:04:08,900 --> 01:04:11,000
necessary balance to his intense
nature. 

1133
01:04:11,900 --> 01:04:15,200
When he has been working for 16 
hours, straight barely pausing 

1134
01:04:15,200 --> 01:04:17,700
to each, she can convince him to
take a walk in the garden. 

1135
01:04:18,800 --> 01:04:22,000
The fresh air and movement 
helped clear his mind when he's 

1136
01:04:22,000 --> 01:04:24,800
raged at some incompetent 
official, until the poor man 

1137
01:04:24,800 --> 01:04:28,200
nearly faints, she soothes 
Napoleon with gentle human 

1138
01:04:28,200 --> 01:04:30,900
afterward. 
She mimics his thunderous 

1139
01:04:30,900 --> 01:04:34,400
Expressions until he lost 
despite himself when foreign 

1140
01:04:34,400 --> 01:04:37,300
ambassadors need to be Charmed 
rather than intimidated. 

1141
01:04:37,300 --> 01:04:40,200
She deploys. 
Her considerable social skills. 

1142
01:04:40,200 --> 01:04:44,100
Making France, seemed civilized 
and cultured rather than just 

1143
01:04:44,100 --> 01:04:48,100
military powerful. 
She's become indispensable to 

1144
01:04:48,100 --> 01:04:51,600
both Napoleon personally and to 
his government practically. 

1145
01:04:51,600 --> 01:04:56,900
He relies on her judgment about 
people who can be trusted, who's

1146
01:04:56,900 --> 01:04:59,400
seeking Advantage, who is 
genuinely loyal. 

1147
01:05:00,300 --> 01:05:02,000
She reads people better than he 
does. 

1148
01:05:02,000 --> 01:05:04,900
Picking up social cues. 
He misses entirely. 

1149
01:05:05,700 --> 01:05:08,300
He learns to Value her 
assessments even when they 

1150
01:05:08,300 --> 01:05:10,500
contradict his own initial 
impressions. 

1151
01:05:11,200 --> 01:05:13,600
Their life. 
Develops rhythms of surprising 

1152
01:05:13,600 --> 01:05:17,700
Domesticity Despite the Imperial
Grandeur surrounding them. 

1153
01:05:18,900 --> 01:05:22,800
Napoleon sometimes reads to her 
in the evenings choosing history

1154
01:05:22,800 --> 01:05:26,100
or classical literature. 
He has a good voice for reading 

1155
01:05:26,100 --> 01:05:29,500
and brings dramatic Flair to 
battle, descriptions or 

1156
01:05:29,500 --> 01:05:33,300
philosophical arguments. 
Josephine sketches or does 

1157
01:05:33,300 --> 01:05:36,600
needlework while listening a 
hands busy with delicate work. 

1158
01:05:36,600 --> 01:05:38,400
While her mind follows the 
narrative. 

1159
01:05:38,400 --> 01:05:41,400
She occasionally makes 
observations that surprised him 

1160
01:05:41,400 --> 01:05:44,400
with their insight. 
Seeing implications in the text,

1161
01:05:44,400 --> 01:05:48,100
he hadn't considered. 
They take breakfast together, 

1162
01:05:48,100 --> 01:05:51,400
when his schedule allows, which 
isn't often but enough to 

1163
01:05:51,400 --> 01:05:53,100
establish the routine as 
meaningful. 

1164
01:05:54,200 --> 01:05:57,500
The breakfast room, overlooks, 
the palace Guardians, mourning 

1165
01:05:57,500 --> 01:06:01,200
like streams through tall 
Windows, the table holds fresh 

1166
01:06:01,200 --> 01:06:05,200
bread, preserves coffee for him 
and chocolate for her. 

1167
01:06:06,400 --> 01:06:10,400
They discussed the days planned,
activities Napoleon, mentions 

1168
01:06:10,400 --> 01:06:14,800
meetings and Military reviews. 
Josephine describes her schedule

1169
01:06:14,800 --> 01:06:16,900
of receptions and charitable 
visits. 

1170
01:06:17,700 --> 01:06:20,600
For these brief moments, they 
could be any married couple 

1171
01:06:20,600 --> 01:06:23,500
planning their day. 
They walk in the gardens with 

1172
01:06:23,500 --> 01:06:27,100
Josephine's lapdog Fortune. 
He was grudgingly accepted 

1173
01:06:27,100 --> 01:06:31,100
Napoleon's, permanent presence, 
after years of resistance, The 

1174
01:06:31,100 --> 01:06:34,700
dog no longer actively tries to 
bite Napoleon's ankles, which 

1175
01:06:34,700 --> 01:06:38,200
represents progress, Fortune 
trots, along beside them. 

1176
01:06:38,200 --> 01:06:41,400
Occasionally investigating 
interesting smells or chasing 

1177
01:06:41,400 --> 01:06:43,300
birds that land on the gravel 
parks. 

1178
01:06:44,100 --> 01:06:47,300
Napoleon, tolerate the dog for 
Josephine sake, though. 

1179
01:06:47,300 --> 01:06:49,100
He still finds the animal 
ridiculous. 

1180
01:06:50,100 --> 01:06:53,400
Palace fills with Josephine's 
family, creating a warmth that 

1181
01:06:53,400 --> 01:06:56,600
prevents the wheelies from 
feeling like a museum despite 

1182
01:06:56,600 --> 01:07:00,200
its formal grandia. 
Her daughter Hortense grows into

1183
01:07:00,200 --> 01:07:03,500
a beautiful and accomplished 
young woman, talented, at music 

1184
01:07:03,500 --> 01:07:06,800
and painting. 
A son Eugene becomes one of 

1185
01:07:06,800 --> 01:07:10,300
Napoleon's most trusted 
officers, proving himself, both 

1186
01:07:10,300 --> 01:07:13,800
Brave and capable. 
Napoleon adopts them 

1187
01:07:13,800 --> 01:07:17,100
emotionally, if not legally, 
treating them as the children, 

1188
01:07:17,100 --> 01:07:18,800
he doesn't yet have from his own
blood. 

1189
01:07:19,700 --> 01:07:22,300
He arranges advantageous 
marriages for both. 

1190
01:07:23,100 --> 01:07:26,100
Understanding that family, 
connections matter, in building 

1191
01:07:26,100 --> 01:07:29,800
and maintaining power. 
Tents, marries Napoleon's. 

1192
01:07:29,800 --> 01:07:32,800
Brother Louie. 
A match that serves political 

1193
01:07:32,800 --> 01:07:36,700
purposes, but will prove unhappy
personally yugen, marries, 

1194
01:07:36,700 --> 01:07:40,700
August of Bavaria and finds 
genuine happiness, which pleases

1195
01:07:40,700 --> 01:07:43,900
both Napoleon and Josephine. 
They stand together at both 

1196
01:07:43,900 --> 01:07:47,600
weddings proud parents, despite 
the complicated nature of their 

1197
01:07:47,600 --> 01:07:51,300
blended. 
Family in 1804, Napoleon decides

1198
01:07:51,300 --> 01:07:53,300
the time has come to Crown 
himself. 

1199
01:07:53,300 --> 01:07:56,800
Emperor of France. 
The consulate is served its 

1200
01:07:56,808 --> 01:07:59,700
purpose, stabilizing the 
government and allowing him to 

1201
01:07:59,700 --> 01:08:02,500
consolidate power. 
But he wants something more 

1202
01:08:02,500 --> 01:08:07,300
permanent more impressive. 
The title of Emperor carries 

1203
01:08:07,300 --> 01:08:08,900
weight, that first console 
Lacks. 

1204
01:08:09,800 --> 01:08:12,500
It announces to Europe. 
That France has a new leader 

1205
01:08:12,500 --> 01:08:14,200
worthy of standing among 
ancient. 

1206
01:08:14,200 --> 01:08:18,100
Monarchies, it establishes a 
Dentistry, or at least the 

1207
01:08:18,100 --> 01:08:22,200
intention of creating one. 
The coronation takes place in 

1208
01:08:22,200 --> 01:08:25,100
Notre Dame cathedral in 
December, and you can imagine 

1209
01:08:25,100 --> 01:08:27,300
the scene in all its elaborate 
grandeur. 

1210
01:08:27,899 --> 01:08:31,300
The great Cathedral has been 
decorated with red velvet and 

1211
01:08:31,300 --> 01:08:35,300
gold thread for months. 
Carpenters built special 

1212
01:08:35,300 --> 01:08:38,399
platforms and seating to 
accommodate the massive crowd 

1213
01:08:38,399 --> 01:08:42,500
artists, created backdrop, 
suggesting Imperial Rome rather 

1214
01:08:42,500 --> 01:08:46,700
than Christian humility. 
Candles by the thousands, create

1215
01:08:46,700 --> 01:08:49,100
a warm glow. 
That softens the winter light 

1216
01:08:49,100 --> 01:08:52,300
filtering through stained glass 
windows depicting biblical 

1217
01:08:52,300 --> 01:08:55,100
scenes. 
The congregation includes 

1218
01:08:55,100 --> 01:08:58,700
everyone important in France and
representatives, from a cross 

1219
01:08:58,700 --> 01:09:01,899
Europe. 
Diplomats from Nations that are 

1220
01:09:01,899 --> 01:09:04,600
technically enemies, sit near 
those from Allied countries. 

1221
01:09:04,600 --> 01:09:08,200
All maintaining diplomatic 
courtesy, while assessing 

1222
01:09:08,200 --> 01:09:12,500
France's, new Imperial, 
pretensions The Imperial family.

1223
01:09:12,500 --> 01:09:16,100
Occupies prominent seats though.
Napoleon's mother has refused to

1224
01:09:16,100 --> 01:09:18,899
attend in protest of his 
treatment of certain relatives. 

1225
01:09:20,100 --> 01:09:23,399
Her empty chair creates a small 
Scandal that Palace officials 

1226
01:09:23,399 --> 01:09:26,399
try to ignore. 
Napoleon wears a heavy red 

1227
01:09:26,399 --> 01:09:29,800
velvet, cloak trimmed with 
ermine and embroidered with gold

1228
01:09:29,800 --> 01:09:34,800
and bees his chosen symbol. 
The bees represent industry and 

1229
01:09:34,800 --> 01:09:37,200
appear everywhere in Imperial 
decoration. 

1230
01:09:37,200 --> 01:09:41,600
Now his crown is specially made 
for the occasion designed to 

1231
01:09:41,600 --> 01:09:44,700
suggest Charlemagne rather than 
the more recent bourbon Kings. 

1232
01:09:45,300 --> 01:09:48,100
Every detail has been carefully.
Planned to create the right 

1233
01:09:48,100 --> 01:09:51,300
symbolic effect. 
But the most dramatic moment 

1234
01:09:51,300 --> 01:09:55,000
involves Josephine. 
Napoleon has decided she should 

1235
01:09:55,000 --> 01:09:57,800
be crowned Empress despite his 
family's objections. 

1236
01:09:57,800 --> 01:10:01,800
They argue that she's not worthy
that she's too old that she 

1237
01:10:01,800 --> 01:10:04,500
can't provide heirs. 
He overrules them. 

1238
01:10:04,500 --> 01:10:07,900
All Josephine will be Empress. 
The pope has been brought from 

1239
01:10:07,900 --> 01:10:11,800
Rome to sanctify the ceremony. 
So everyone understands this is 

1240
01:10:11,800 --> 01:10:15,500
purely for show. 
Napoleon will actually Crown 

1241
01:10:15,500 --> 01:10:19,100
himself to demonstrate his power
comes from the people and his 

1242
01:10:19,100 --> 01:10:23,100
own Achievements, not from 
religious Authority. when the 

1243
01:10:23,108 --> 01:10:27,000
moment comes for Josephine to be
crowned, she kneels before 

1244
01:10:27,000 --> 01:10:30,700
Napoleon on a velvet cushion. 
She wears a white dress 

1245
01:10:30,700 --> 01:10:35,200
embroidered with gold thread and
diamonds designed specially for 

1246
01:10:35,200 --> 01:10:38,600
this occasion. 
Her own red velvet cloaks behind

1247
01:10:38,600 --> 01:10:40,600
her. 
So heavy at requires, Her 

1248
01:10:40,600 --> 01:10:44,900
Sisters in law to hold the 
train, but Napoleon sister's who

1249
01:10:44,900 --> 01:10:47,400
resent, Josephine's influence 
and hate that she is being 

1250
01:10:47,400 --> 01:10:50,400
crowned. 
Instead, let the train drag on 

1251
01:10:50,400 --> 01:10:54,800
the floor in a petty Rebellion. 
Napoleon sees these insulting 

1252
01:10:54,800 --> 01:10:58,300
Behavior immediately he turns 
and glares at them with such 

1253
01:10:58,300 --> 01:11:01,800
intensity that they quickly pick
up the train properly, their 

1254
01:11:01,800 --> 01:11:04,300
face is Flushing with 
embarrassment at being caught in

1255
01:11:04,300 --> 01:11:07,200
their Spike. 
The moment passes quickly. 

1256
01:11:07,200 --> 01:11:11,300
But those watching understand 
the message Napoleon will not 

1257
01:11:11,308 --> 01:11:14,800
tolerate disrespect toward his 
wife, not even from his own 

1258
01:11:14,800 --> 01:11:18,500
family. 
He places the crown on her head 

1259
01:11:18,500 --> 01:11:21,200
with genuine tenderness 
momentarily. 

1260
01:11:21,200 --> 01:11:22,900
Forgetting the thousands 
watching. 

1261
01:11:23,800 --> 01:11:27,100
His fingers are just at 
carefully, making sure it sits 

1262
01:11:27,100 --> 01:11:29,200
correctly on her elaborately 
arranged hair. 

1263
01:11:30,100 --> 01:11:33,000
For a moment despite all the 
pageantry and politics. 

1264
01:11:33,000 --> 01:11:37,400
You see, two people who love 
each other She Rises as empress 

1265
01:11:37,400 --> 01:11:41,000
Josephine and tears. 
Shining in her eyes she never 

1266
01:11:41,000 --> 01:11:44,600
imagined growing up on a 
Caribbean, sugar Plantation that

1267
01:11:44,600 --> 01:11:46,500
she would wear a crown in Notre 
Dame. 

1268
01:11:46,500 --> 01:11:51,200
Cathedral Napoleon never 
imagined growing up on Corsica 

1269
01:11:51,200 --> 01:11:54,800
as the second son of a minor 
Noble family that he would place

1270
01:11:54,800 --> 01:11:57,900
it there. 
The years that follow bring both

1271
01:11:57,900 --> 01:12:02,600
Imperial Splendor and increasing
strain Napoleon fights Wars 

1272
01:12:02,600 --> 01:12:06,400
across Europe, winning battle 
after battle, redrawing maps, 

1273
01:12:06,400 --> 01:12:09,800
and installing relatives as 
kings and queens of conquered 

1274
01:12:09,800 --> 01:12:11,800
territories. 
His brother. 

1275
01:12:11,800 --> 01:12:15,900
Joseph becomes king of Spain. 
His brother Louie, rules 

1276
01:12:15,900 --> 01:12:18,400
Holland. 
His brother Jerome gets with 

1277
01:12:18,400 --> 01:12:21,900
failure. 
The Bonaparte family Rises to 

1278
01:12:21,900 --> 01:12:26,100
dizzying Heights on Napoleon's 
military, genius, though, they 

1279
01:12:26,108 --> 01:12:29,300
frequently proved difficult to 
manage and ungrateful for their 

1280
01:12:29,300 --> 01:12:32,400
positions. 
Josephine remains in Paris, 

1281
01:12:32,400 --> 01:12:36,600
managing the Imperial household 
representing France in 

1282
01:12:36,600 --> 01:12:40,400
Napoleon's absence and trying to
maintain some sense of normalcy 

1283
01:12:40,400 --> 01:12:43,000
in a life that grows steadily 
more abnormal. 

1284
01:12:43,800 --> 01:12:47,000
The demands on her time, 
increased constantly, he must 

1285
01:12:47,000 --> 01:12:50,200
attend State functions. 
Host diplomatic receptions, 

1286
01:12:50,200 --> 01:12:53,500
patronize the Arts, visit 
hospitals, and orphanages, 

1287
01:12:53,500 --> 01:12:56,900
right? 
Correspondents, manage, Palace 

1288
01:12:56,900 --> 01:13:00,400
staff and somehow maintain the 
private warmth that first 

1289
01:13:00,400 --> 01:13:04,500
attracted Napoleon She creates a
court at the various palaces. 

1290
01:13:04,500 --> 01:13:08,700
They now occupy Serves as their 
main Parisian residents. 

1291
01:13:08,700 --> 01:13:12,900
But there's some clue Fontana 
blow and most precious to 

1292
01:13:12,900 --> 01:13:18,000
Josephine malaise or That 
Chateau outside Paris becomes a 

1293
01:13:18,000 --> 01:13:21,100
special domain. 
The one place that feels truly 

1294
01:13:21,100 --> 01:13:24,100
hers rather than belonging to 
the Empire on a Poland's 

1295
01:13:24,100 --> 01:13:27,900
ambitions. 
She fills on with guardians that

1296
01:13:27,900 --> 01:13:29,700
showcase plants from around the 
world. 

1297
01:13:30,900 --> 01:13:34,900
Collects roses with particular 
passion, eventually growing more

1298
01:13:34,900 --> 01:13:37,900
than 250 varieties in her 
Gardens. 

1299
01:13:38,700 --> 01:13:41,700
The Collection becomes famous 
throughout Europe, botanist 

1300
01:13:41,700 --> 01:13:43,500
travel, from other countries, to
see it. 

1301
01:13:43,500 --> 01:13:46,600
She corresponds with gardeners 
and plant collectors. 

1302
01:13:46,600 --> 01:13:49,800
All were seeking new varieties 
to add to her rose. 

1303
01:13:49,800 --> 01:13:53,300
Gardens the roses at mum is on 
bloom in profusion each summer. 

1304
01:13:53,300 --> 01:13:58,100
Creating a spectacle of color 
and fragrance red roses climb. 

1305
01:13:58,100 --> 01:14:00,400
Wooden trellises built specially
to support them. 

1306
01:14:01,100 --> 01:14:04,400
White rose is spill over stone, 
pathways worn Smooth by 

1307
01:14:04,400 --> 01:14:07,300
generations of footsteps. 
Pink and yellow. 

1308
01:14:07,300 --> 01:14:11,200
Variety is filled dedicated beds
arranged in geometric patterns 

1309
01:14:11,200 --> 01:14:15,300
visible, from the upper windows.
Rare specimens, get special 

1310
01:14:15,300 --> 01:14:18,800
treatment in the greenhouse 
regardless tendon carefully 

1311
01:14:18,800 --> 01:14:21,900
through winter. 
Josephine employees, bottomless 

1312
01:14:21,900 --> 01:14:24,700
and gardeners from across Europe
to help a cultivate this 

1313
01:14:24,700 --> 01:14:27,600
collection. 
She doesn't merely order plants,

1314
01:14:27,600 --> 01:14:29,800
and expect servants to manage 
everything. 

1315
01:14:30,600 --> 01:14:34,200
She involves herself directly 
learning Botanical names, 

1316
01:14:34,200 --> 01:14:38,000
understanding growing conditions
planning, the garden. 

1317
01:14:38,000 --> 01:14:41,200
Layouts herself. 
She walks the grounds daily. 

1318
01:14:41,200 --> 01:14:45,500
When weather permits checking on
individual plants noting, what 

1319
01:14:45,500 --> 01:14:48,200
needs pruning or fertilizing or 
transplanting. 

1320
01:14:48,200 --> 01:14:52,200
She has her roses painted by the
finest Botanical, artists of the

1321
01:14:52,200 --> 01:14:55,200
age, creating a visual catalog 
of her collection. 

1322
01:14:56,200 --> 01:15:00,700
Piaget becomes a favorite artist
and his delicate watercolors 

1323
01:15:00,700 --> 01:15:05,400
capture, each variety with 
scientific accuracy and artistic

1324
01:15:05,400 --> 01:15:08,600
Beauty. 
These paintings survived long 

1325
01:15:08,600 --> 01:15:12,500
after the actual flowers of 
faded preserved in albums and 

1326
01:15:12,500 --> 01:15:15,400
eventually published in books 
that spread Botanical knowledge 

1327
01:15:15,400 --> 01:15:20,200
throughout Europe, When Napoleon
returns from campaigns Maison 

1328
01:15:20,200 --> 01:15:23,100
provides Refuge, from the 
constant demands of Empire. 

1329
01:15:24,200 --> 01:15:28,000
He walks with Josephine through 
the gardens temporarily setting 

1330
01:15:28,000 --> 01:15:30,100
aside, the burden of ruling most
of Europe. 

1331
01:15:30,900 --> 01:15:34,000
They discussed plants and 
Landscaping and stead of war and

1332
01:15:34,000 --> 01:15:36,900
politics. 
He teases her about her 

1333
01:15:36,900 --> 01:15:40,300
obsession, with roses calling 
her, his Rose empress. 

1334
01:15:41,100 --> 01:15:43,700
She teases him about his 
inability to remember which 

1335
01:15:43,700 --> 01:15:47,500
variety is which despite her 
patient to tempted to teach him.

1336
01:15:48,400 --> 01:15:51,200
They sit on benches near The 
Fountains listening to water 

1337
01:15:51,200 --> 01:15:54,500
splash over carved Stone. 
The sound must their 

1338
01:15:54,500 --> 01:15:57,700
conversation from passing 
servants, creating islands of 

1339
01:15:57,700 --> 01:16:00,200
privacy. 
They talk about matters, both 

1340
01:16:00,200 --> 01:16:03,500
Syria and trivial. 
What should be done about the 

1341
01:16:03,500 --> 01:16:07,200
situation in Spain? 
Did she notice how beautifully 

1342
01:16:07,200 --> 01:16:08,800
the white rose is Bloom this 
year? 

1343
01:16:09,600 --> 01:16:13,100
His brother Jerome needs 
managing again the new 

1344
01:16:13,100 --> 01:16:15,000
Greenhouse needs better 
ventilation. 

1345
01:16:15,700 --> 01:16:18,600
These conversations blend the 
personal and political in ways 

1346
01:16:18,600 --> 01:16:20,500
that characterize their entire 
relationship. 

1347
01:16:22,000 --> 01:16:25,000
For brief periods at just a 
married. 

1348
01:16:25,000 --> 01:16:27,600
Couple enjoying their garden and
each other's company. 

1349
01:16:28,300 --> 01:16:30,500
The weight of Empire lifts 
temporarily. 

1350
01:16:31,100 --> 01:16:34,000
Napoleon's face loses, some of 
its habitual tension. 

1351
01:16:35,100 --> 01:16:37,000
Josephine smile comes more 
easily. 

1352
01:16:37,000 --> 01:16:40,500
These moments are precious and 
increasingly rare as the 

1353
01:16:40,500 --> 01:16:44,200
Empire's demands grow. 
But one topic increasingly 

1354
01:16:44,200 --> 01:16:46,800
Poison's, their peace and 
intrudes. 

1355
01:16:46,800 --> 01:16:50,400
Even into malms. 
Guardians Napoleon needs. 

1356
01:16:50,400 --> 01:16:53,000
An heir the Empire. 
He's building requires 

1357
01:16:53,000 --> 01:16:57,400
continuity Beyond his life time.
His brothers have children, but 

1358
01:16:57,400 --> 01:17:01,100
Napoleon wants his own son to 
inherit. everything he has 

1359
01:17:01,100 --> 01:17:04,700
accomplished means nothing if it
dies with him, he studied enough

1360
01:17:04,700 --> 01:17:07,900
history to know that Empires 
crumble without clear succession

1361
01:17:07,900 --> 01:17:10,900
of Joseph Finn's. 
First marriage produced two 

1362
01:17:10,900 --> 01:17:12,800
healthy children. 
Who have grown into capable 

1363
01:17:12,800 --> 01:17:15,800
adults? 
But her marriage to Napoleon. 

1364
01:17:16,600 --> 01:17:19,600
Nesting into its 10th year 
remains childless. 

1365
01:17:20,800 --> 01:17:24,200
Whether this is due to her age 
the miscarriage, she suffered in

1366
01:17:24,200 --> 01:17:28,500
Italy, Napoleon's own potential 
fertility issues or simply bad 

1367
01:17:28,500 --> 01:17:31,400
luck becomes a source of endless
speculation and growing 

1368
01:17:31,400 --> 01:17:35,000
desperation. 
Josephine feels this pressure 

1369
01:17:35,000 --> 01:17:38,200
constantly like physical weight 
pressing on her shoulders, 

1370
01:17:38,200 --> 01:17:41,600
Napoleon's mother and siblings, 
never liked her. 

1371
01:17:41,600 --> 01:17:44,800
And now have the perfect weapon 
to use against her. 

1372
01:17:44,800 --> 01:17:47,900
They whisper constantly about 
the need for divorce. 

1373
01:17:47,900 --> 01:17:52,500
They point out that Josephine is
in her mid-40s now and unlikely 

1374
01:17:52,500 --> 01:17:55,400
to produce children. 
They suggest younger women who 

1375
01:17:55,400 --> 01:17:58,900
could give an Napoleon, the 
dinosaurs he needs every word 

1376
01:17:58,900 --> 01:18:02,100
reaches Josephine through the 
palace and gossip Network. 

1377
01:18:02,100 --> 01:18:04,100
She's carefully cultivated over 
the years. 

1378
01:18:05,100 --> 01:18:07,600
She tries everything she can 
think of to become pregnant. 

1379
01:18:07,600 --> 01:18:11,000
She consults doctors who 
prescribed various treatments 

1380
01:18:11,000 --> 01:18:14,200
non-effective. 
She prays in churches and 

1381
01:18:14,200 --> 01:18:16,200
chapels making Bargains with 
God. 

1382
01:18:16,200 --> 01:18:18,600
If she could, just give him a 
Poland, a son? 

1383
01:18:18,608 --> 01:18:20,400
She dedicated herself to 
charity. 

1384
01:18:20,400 --> 01:18:22,400
She'd give up her. 
Guardians. 

1385
01:18:22,400 --> 01:18:26,600
She endure anything. 
But the prayers go unanswered, 

1386
01:18:26,600 --> 01:18:30,400
she even consults fortune, 
tellers and folk healers 

1387
01:18:30,400 --> 01:18:32,700
Desperately, Seeking some 
solution. 

1388
01:18:34,000 --> 01:18:37,400
An old woman in Paris sells her 
an amulet guaranteed to ensure. 

1389
01:18:37,400 --> 01:18:41,400
Pregnancy Josephine, wears it 
constantly for months before 

1390
01:18:41,400 --> 01:18:45,200
finally accepting its worthless.
Another recommends, specific 

1391
01:18:45,200 --> 01:18:48,400
foods and herbs. 
Josephine follows the regime 

1392
01:18:48,400 --> 01:18:50,700
Faithfully, despite its 
unpleasant taste and 

1393
01:18:50,700 --> 01:18:54,700
inconvenience. 
Nothing works, Napoleon himself,

1394
01:18:54,700 --> 01:18:58,800
is torn between love and Duty. 
He loves Josephine deeply. 

1395
01:18:58,800 --> 01:19:02,500
She's been His companion through
his rise from obscure artillery,

1396
01:19:02,500 --> 01:19:05,900
officer to Emperor, France. 
She understands him in ways. 

1397
01:19:05,900 --> 01:19:08,900
No one else does. 
She knows when he needs 

1398
01:19:08,900 --> 01:19:11,700
encouragement and when he needs 
someone to challenge his 

1399
01:19:11,700 --> 01:19:14,000
assumptions. 
She makes him laugh. 

1400
01:19:14,700 --> 01:19:18,000
She makes him feel human the 
thought of life without her 

1401
01:19:18,000 --> 01:19:22,300
feels impossible to contemplate.
But he also believes absolutely 

1402
01:19:22,300 --> 01:19:26,300
industry and continuity. 
He studied Roman emperors and 

1403
01:19:26,300 --> 01:19:29,500
Egyptian pharaohs. 
He knows what happens when 

1404
01:19:29,500 --> 01:19:35,200
succession is unclear. 
Civil War chaos. everything he 

1405
01:19:35,200 --> 01:19:37,800
is built could collapse in 
fighting between rival, 

1406
01:19:37,800 --> 01:19:41,900
claimants France, needs 
stability, and stability, 

1407
01:19:41,900 --> 01:19:44,400
requires a legitimate Heir from 
his own body. 

1408
01:19:45,400 --> 01:19:48,500
The conflict between personal 
love and political necessity 

1409
01:19:48,500 --> 01:19:53,300
eats at him, like a slow poison.
He becomes Moody and difficult. 

1410
01:19:53,300 --> 01:19:57,000
His temper flaring over minor 
irritations. 

1411
01:19:57,800 --> 01:20:01,400
Sometimes these affectionate 
with Josephine pulling her close

1412
01:20:01,400 --> 01:20:04,800
and murmuring endearments other 
times, he's coldly distant, 

1413
01:20:04,800 --> 01:20:07,300
treating her with formal 
politeness, that's worse than 

1414
01:20:07,300 --> 01:20:10,000
anger. 
He's making lists of potential 

1415
01:20:10,000 --> 01:20:12,800
second wives while still sharing
a bed with his empress. 

1416
01:20:13,600 --> 01:20:17,200
The duplicity tortures him but 
he cannot see another path. 

1417
01:20:17,200 --> 01:20:21,000
Forward Josephine knows what's 
coming but feels helpless to 

1418
01:20:21,000 --> 01:20:23,800
stop it. 
She watches Napoleon's mood 

1419
01:20:23,800 --> 01:20:27,600
swing and understands their 
cause she sees him looking at 

1420
01:20:27,600 --> 01:20:30,900
her, sometimes with an 
expression of such sadness, it 

1421
01:20:30,900 --> 01:20:33,900
breaks her heart. 
He doesn't want to divorce her, 

1422
01:20:33,900 --> 01:20:38,300
but he will. she knows this with
terrible certainly, the only 

1423
01:20:38,308 --> 01:20:40,900
question is when She tries to 
delay. 

1424
01:20:40,900 --> 01:20:43,800
The inevitable. 
She makes herself indispensable.

1425
01:20:43,800 --> 01:20:47,400
She represents him beautifully 
at State functions. 

1426
01:20:47,400 --> 01:20:51,100
She manages complex diplomatic 
situations with Grace. 

1427
01:20:51,100 --> 01:20:54,400
She supports his policies 
publicly, even when she 

1428
01:20:54,400 --> 01:20:58,500
disagrees privately, She's the 
perfect Empress in every way 

1429
01:20:58,500 --> 01:21:01,800
except the one that matters. 
Most she cannot give him a son, 

1430
01:21:01,808 --> 01:21:05,000
her friends offers sympathy but 
no real Comfort. 

1431
01:21:05,000 --> 01:21:08,400
They've seen enough of politics 
and power to know that personal 

1432
01:21:08,400 --> 01:21:11,600
feelings, rarely triumph over 
dynastic, necessity. 

1433
01:21:12,400 --> 01:21:15,900
Some suggest you should accept 
the inevitable and negotiate the

1434
01:21:15,900 --> 01:21:18,000
best terms possible for her 
divorce. 

1435
01:21:18,800 --> 01:21:22,400
Others encouraged her to fight 
to make Napoleon choose 

1436
01:21:22,400 --> 01:21:24,200
explicitly between love and 
Duty. 

1437
01:21:24,200 --> 01:21:28,500
None of it helps In 1809 
matters. 

1438
01:21:28,500 --> 01:21:32,200
Finally, come to a head in 
Napoleon has defeated Austria 

1439
01:21:32,200 --> 01:21:36,000
again at the Battle of Wagner 
his positioning in Europe, feels

1440
01:21:36,000 --> 01:21:39,300
more secure than ever. 
The Diplomatic situation. 

1441
01:21:39,300 --> 01:21:41,800
Now allows him to seek a 
marriage alliance with one of 

1442
01:21:41,800 --> 01:21:45,400
the great European danishes. 
The time is come to make the 

1443
01:21:45,400 --> 01:21:47,600
difficult decision. 
He's been avoiding for years. 

1444
01:21:48,800 --> 01:21:52,200
One evening in November, he 
asked Josephine to come to his 

1445
01:21:52,200 --> 01:21:55,500
study after dinner. 
The request itself feels 

1446
01:21:55,500 --> 01:21:58,900
ominous, they normally spend 
evening together without such 

1447
01:21:58,900 --> 01:22:02,000
formal summons. 
She knows immediately, what's 

1448
01:22:02,000 --> 01:22:04,800
coming? 
She takes extra time preparing 

1449
01:22:04,800 --> 01:22:08,800
herself, choosing her dress 
carefully, arranging her hair 

1450
01:22:08,800 --> 01:22:13,000
applying subtle Cosmetics. 
If this is to be her last night 

1451
01:22:13,000 --> 01:22:17,300
as Napoleon's wife, she'll face 
it, looking her best You can 

1452
01:22:17,308 --> 01:22:21,200
picture the scene that follows 
winter Darkness presses against 

1453
01:22:21,200 --> 01:22:25,000
the palace Windows. 
A fire burns in the fireplace 

1454
01:22:25,000 --> 01:22:28,800
crackling softly and casting 
moving Shadows on the walls. 

1455
01:22:29,400 --> 01:22:32,800
Napoleon Paces the study unable 
to sit, still or look at 

1456
01:22:32,800 --> 01:22:36,200
Josephine directly. 
She sits very still in a chair 

1457
01:22:36,208 --> 01:22:39,000
near the fire. 
A hands folded in her lap. 

1458
01:22:39,000 --> 01:22:42,300
Her face composed, despite the 
Panic rising in her chest. 

1459
01:22:43,500 --> 01:22:47,100
He tells her they must divorce 
and the words come out in a rush

1460
01:22:47,100 --> 01:22:50,400
like he's afraid if he slows 
down, he'll lose his nerve. 

1461
01:22:51,100 --> 01:22:55,200
It explains about the dynasty, 
the Empire, the need for an air.

1462
01:22:56,200 --> 01:23:00,200
Is voice breaks multiple times. 
Tears, run down his face. 

1463
01:23:00,200 --> 01:23:03,900
Openly something is hardened 
veterans would struggle to 

1464
01:23:03,900 --> 01:23:07,600
imagine their improving. 
He tells her, he still loves her

1465
01:23:07,600 --> 01:23:11,800
and always will but he must do 
what Duty demands for France. 

1466
01:23:11,800 --> 01:23:16,000
She cries too though, she's had 
time to prepare for this moment.

1467
01:23:16,000 --> 01:23:19,400
She knew it was coming when he 
started winning battles again, 

1468
01:23:19,400 --> 01:23:22,900
when his power became 
unshakable, when he no longer 

1469
01:23:22,900 --> 01:23:27,000
needed her the way he wants did 
She understands the political 

1470
01:23:27,000 --> 01:23:30,000
necessity even as it destroys 
her heart. 

1471
01:23:31,000 --> 01:23:33,500
He tells him. 
She understands she'll agree to 

1472
01:23:33,500 --> 01:23:35,200
the divorce for the good of 
France. 

1473
01:23:35,200 --> 01:23:38,200
She loves him enough to let him 
go though. 

1474
01:23:38,200 --> 01:23:41,900
The words nearly choker. 
They hold each other and cry 

1475
01:23:41,900 --> 01:23:44,000
together until neither has tears
left. 

1476
01:23:45,400 --> 01:23:49,400
The fire burns, low in the 
fireplace, the room grows cold, 

1477
01:23:49,400 --> 01:23:52,300
but neither notices. 
Their morning, the end of their 

1478
01:23:52,300 --> 01:23:53,800
marriage and the death of the 
future. 

1479
01:23:53,800 --> 01:23:57,000
They want to imagine together. 
Tomorrow, they'll put on their 

1480
01:23:57,000 --> 01:24:00,100
public faces and manage the 
formal proceedings with dign. 

1481
01:24:01,400 --> 01:24:04,800
Tonight, they're just two people
who love each other facing an 

1482
01:24:04,800 --> 01:24:08,600
unbearable loss. 
The formal divorce happens in 

1483
01:24:08,600 --> 01:24:12,400
December at the Tillery Palace, 
the Imperial family gathers in 

1484
01:24:12,408 --> 01:24:15,300
the throne room. 
A space designed to impress with

1485
01:24:15,300 --> 01:24:19,200
its Grandeur but which now feels
cold and hostile Napoleon reads 

1486
01:24:19,200 --> 01:24:22,100
a statement about the separation
being necessary for the good of 

1487
01:24:22,108 --> 01:24:25,100
France and his duty to provide 
for succession. 

1488
01:24:26,000 --> 01:24:29,300
His voice remains steady only 
through tremendous effort. 

1489
01:24:30,400 --> 01:24:33,200
Josephine reads her own 
statement in a voice choked with

1490
01:24:33,200 --> 01:24:36,900
emotion a green to the divorce 
for the same patriotic reasons. 

1491
01:24:38,000 --> 01:24:41,200
Then she signs the documents 
with shaking hands and becomes 

1492
01:24:41,200 --> 01:24:43,600
officially the former Empress 
Josephine. 

1493
01:24:44,700 --> 01:24:47,800
Napoleon provides generously for
her in the divorce settlement. 

1494
01:24:48,800 --> 01:24:52,300
She keeps the title of empress. 
Maintaining her Rank and 

1495
01:24:52,300 --> 01:24:55,400
dignity. 
She receives malmas or in 

1496
01:24:55,400 --> 01:24:57,600
several other properties as her 
personal possessions. 

1497
01:24:58,300 --> 01:25:01,600
She gets a substantial annual 
income that will allow her to 

1498
01:25:01,608 --> 01:25:04,600
live in Comfort. 
He ensures you'll want for 

1499
01:25:04,600 --> 01:25:07,700
nothing material. 
But none of this changes, the 

1500
01:25:07,700 --> 01:25:11,400
fundamental fact that he sending
her away after 14 years of 

1501
01:25:11,400 --> 01:25:14,700
marriage. 
Josephine moves to Mama's or and

1502
01:25:14,700 --> 01:25:17,200
begins a new life as an empress 
without an emperor. 

1503
01:25:17,200 --> 01:25:21,400
She throws herself into her 
garden with renewed passion, as 

1504
01:25:21,400 --> 01:25:25,000
if beautiful flowers, can fill 
the void in Napoleon's absence 

1505
01:25:25,000 --> 01:25:28,900
create She hosts gathering for 
friends and family and her 

1506
01:25:28,900 --> 01:25:32,500
elegant drawing rooms. 
She maintains correspondence 

1507
01:25:32,500 --> 01:25:35,800
with anapolie and who write to 
her regularly even as he 

1508
01:25:35,800 --> 01:25:39,600
negotiates marriage to Mary. 
Louise of Austria and Austrian 

1509
01:25:39,600 --> 01:25:42,500
arched Dutchess young enough to 
be Josephine's granddaughter, 

1510
01:25:43,500 --> 01:25:46,000
The letters between them. 
After the divorce reveal, the 

1511
01:25:46,008 --> 01:25:48,500
enduring nature of their 
connection, to spite, its 

1512
01:25:48,500 --> 01:25:52,100
official termination. 
Napoleon rights are asking about

1513
01:25:52,100 --> 01:25:54,800
her health, her garden, her 
daily activities. 

1514
01:25:54,800 --> 01:25:59,100
He signed his letters with 
continued affection and concern.

1515
01:25:59,100 --> 01:26:02,900
You need to know she's well that
she's not suffering too much 

1516
01:26:02,900 --> 01:26:06,700
from their separation. 
Josephine writes back with news 

1517
01:26:06,700 --> 01:26:10,200
of mum is all and gentle 
reminders of their shared past. 

1518
01:26:10,700 --> 01:26:12,800
They've moved from passionate 
lovers to something more 

1519
01:26:12,800 --> 01:26:16,100
complex. 
A bond forged through years of 

1520
01:26:16,100 --> 01:26:19,000
shared experience that survives 
the formal ending of their 

1521
01:26:19,000 --> 01:26:21,500
marriage. 
Mary Louise arrives in France, 

1522
01:26:21,500 --> 01:26:25,400
in 1810 and Napoleon marries her
with all appropriate ceremony. 

1523
01:26:26,000 --> 01:26:29,800
The new Empress is pretty young 
and fertile in ways, Josephine. 

1524
01:26:29,800 --> 01:26:32,900
No longer can be. 
Within a year, she produces 

1525
01:26:32,900 --> 01:26:37,600
exactly what Napoleon 
desperately wanted, a son, he 

1526
01:26:37,600 --> 01:26:41,700
named the boy in Napoleon 
Francois Joseph Bonaparte and 

1527
01:26:41,700 --> 01:26:43,300
gives him the title king of 
Rome. 

1528
01:26:44,200 --> 01:26:48,000
Finally, Napoleon has his heir. 
finally, the dynasty seemed 

1529
01:26:48,000 --> 01:26:52,500
secure that the personal cost 
haunt him in Quiet Moments when 

1530
01:26:52,500 --> 01:26:56,700
he allows himself to feel 
Josephine hears about the birth 

1531
01:26:56,700 --> 01:26:59,500
through the gossip Network that 
still keeps her informed of 

1532
01:26:59,500 --> 01:27:02,400
Palace life. 
Despite her physical distance 

1533
01:27:02,400 --> 01:27:05,000
from it. 
She sends official 

1534
01:27:05,000 --> 01:27:07,100
congratulations through proper 
channels. 

1535
01:27:08,200 --> 01:27:11,900
Privately alone at Mal. 
She tends her roses and tries 

1536
01:27:11,900 --> 01:27:14,300
not to think about the child, 
that should have been hers. 

1537
01:27:15,100 --> 01:27:17,800
Gracious about the new Empress 
in her limited public 

1538
01:27:17,800 --> 01:27:20,400
statements. 
Never speaking publicly against 

1539
01:27:20,400 --> 01:27:23,500
Marie Louise though. 
It must sting to be replaced by 

1540
01:27:23,500 --> 01:27:25,900
a girl barely older than her own
grandchildren. 

1541
01:27:27,400 --> 01:27:30,300
The years between the divorce 
and Josephine's death, proved 

1542
01:27:30,300 --> 01:27:33,100
bittersweet. 
She maintained her dignity and 

1543
01:27:33,100 --> 01:27:36,500
position in society. 
She's no longer Empress in fact,

1544
01:27:36,500 --> 01:27:39,000
but people still treat her with 
Imperial respect. 

1545
01:27:40,100 --> 01:27:43,900
Foreign dignitaries visiting 
Paris, often call on her at all.

1546
01:27:43,900 --> 01:27:46,500
She's become a beloved figure to
the French. 

1547
01:27:46,500 --> 01:27:49,700
People who remember her kindness
and Grace, during her years 

1548
01:27:49,700 --> 01:27:53,600
beside Napoleon, Artists and 
writers can continue to seek 

1549
01:27:53,600 --> 01:27:56,100
her. 
Patronage her Garden's remained 

1550
01:27:56,100 --> 01:27:59,500
famous throughout Europe and 
visitors comes specifically to 

1551
01:27:59,500 --> 01:28:01,200
see the Roses. 
She's Cult of hated. 

1552
01:28:02,200 --> 01:28:05,700
In the spring of 1814, 
everything changes with shocking

1553
01:28:05,700 --> 01:28:10,000
speed in Napoleon's empire. 
Which seemed Invincible for so 

1554
01:28:10,000 --> 01:28:12,400
many years. 
Suddenly crumbles under the 

1555
01:28:12,408 --> 01:28:15,300
weight of its own. 
Ambitions years of constant 

1556
01:28:15,300 --> 01:28:18,200
Warfare have exhausted, France's
Manpower and treasury. 

1557
01:28:18,200 --> 01:28:21,300
His enemies United against him 
in ways, they couldn't manage. 

1558
01:28:21,300 --> 01:28:25,600
Before the defeats Mount Russian
wintered, destroyed, his 

1559
01:28:25,600 --> 01:28:30,200
granddaughter Army, German 
states Rebellion believed his 

1560
01:28:30,200 --> 01:28:34,700
forces and guerrilla warfare. 
Paris itself comes under threat 

1561
01:28:34,700 --> 01:28:38,100
from Allied armies. 
Napoleon rushes back from his 

1562
01:28:38,100 --> 01:28:41,500
latest campaign to try to save 
his Capital, but he's fighting 

1563
01:28:41,508 --> 01:28:46,200
against overwhelming odds. 
Josephine watches events unfold 

1564
01:28:46,200 --> 01:28:48,700
from malema's on with growing 
alarm and sadness. 

1565
01:28:48,700 --> 01:28:51,600
The Empire she helped build is 
falling apart. 

1566
01:28:51,600 --> 01:28:55,800
The man, she still loves despite
everything is facing disaster. 

1567
01:28:56,500 --> 01:28:59,900
Allied armies approached Paris 
and there's nothing anyone can 

1568
01:28:59,900 --> 01:29:03,000
do to stop them. 
The Allies enter Paris in March 

1569
01:29:03,000 --> 01:29:06,700
1814 and the world Napoleon 
created ends. 

1570
01:29:06,700 --> 01:29:10,800
Russians are Alexander 
personally visits Josefina 

1571
01:29:10,800 --> 01:29:13,800
melisten treating her with the 
elaborate courtesy that 

1572
01:29:13,800 --> 01:29:15,000
surprises. 
His staff. 

1573
01:29:15,800 --> 01:29:18,800
He is Charmed by the former 
Empress finding her more 

1574
01:29:18,800 --> 01:29:20,700
gracious and appealing than he 
expected. 

1575
01:29:20,700 --> 01:29:24,600
They walk in her garden and she 
shows him her roses with quiet 

1576
01:29:24,600 --> 01:29:27,900
Pride. 
He surprisingly kind treating 

1577
01:29:27,900 --> 01:29:30,100
her with respect and genuine 
admiration. 

1578
01:29:31,400 --> 01:29:34,000
But the strain of these events, 
takes a terrible toll on 

1579
01:29:34,000 --> 01:29:37,700
Josephine's health. 
Catches a cold after walking in 

1580
01:29:37,700 --> 01:29:40,600
her garden with the Tsar on a 
day when the weather was worse 

1581
01:29:40,600 --> 01:29:44,300
than expected. 
In those days before antibiotics

1582
01:29:44,300 --> 01:29:48,300
a cold can quickly become 
something far more serious. 

1583
01:29:49,100 --> 01:29:51,700
Pneumonia develops with 
frightening speed. 

1584
01:29:52,400 --> 01:29:54,900
Her doctors try everything, 
they're limited medical 

1585
01:29:54,900 --> 01:29:58,800
knowledge allows but she grows 
steadily weaker despite their 

1586
01:29:58,800 --> 01:30:01,600
efforts. 
Her children gather around her 

1587
01:30:01,600 --> 01:30:03,600
bed, as she slips in, and out of
consciousness. 

1588
01:30:04,700 --> 01:30:06,800
More tense holds her hand and 
Weeps. 

1589
01:30:07,300 --> 01:30:10,800
You shouldn't sits nearby his 
face, showing the grief of 

1590
01:30:10,800 --> 01:30:14,700
losing the mother, who raised 
him through impossible times her

1591
01:30:14,700 --> 01:30:17,900
grandchildren, visit to say 
goodbye some, too young to fully

1592
01:30:17,900 --> 01:30:21,300
understand what's happening the 
rooms at Melissa on fill with 

1593
01:30:21,300 --> 01:30:24,400
flowers, from her beloved 
Garden, Gardens brought inside 

1594
01:30:24,400 --> 01:30:26,900
to surround her with beauty one 
final time. 

1595
01:30:28,200 --> 01:30:35,100
On May 29th, 1814 Josephine dies
at all surrounded by her roses 

1596
01:30:35,100 --> 01:30:38,500
and the people she loved most. 
She is 50 years old. 

1597
01:30:39,600 --> 01:30:41,900
Her last words are about 
Napoleon and the garden. 

1598
01:30:41,900 --> 01:30:44,800
She created. 
The life that began on a 

1599
01:30:44,800 --> 01:30:48,100
Caribbean Plantation and took 
her through Revolution Terror 

1600
01:30:48,100 --> 01:30:51,900
love and Empire ends peacefully 
in the Chateau. 

1601
01:30:51,900 --> 01:30:55,500
She made her own News of her, 
death spreads quickly, through 

1602
01:30:55,500 --> 01:30:58,500
Paris. 
People genuinely mourn her 

1603
01:30:58,500 --> 01:31:01,600
passing. 
She represented a gentler side 

1604
01:31:01,600 --> 01:31:05,300
of Napoleon's empire the grace 
and beauty that balanced his 

1605
01:31:05,300 --> 01:31:08,400
ambition and Glory. 
Many, remember her personal 

1606
01:31:08,400 --> 01:31:11,100
kindness. 
She helped people quietly 

1607
01:31:11,100 --> 01:31:13,900
without making public displays 
of her charity. 

1608
01:31:14,600 --> 01:31:17,500
She remembered servants names 
and asked about their families. 

1609
01:31:17,500 --> 01:31:20,700
She made people feel valued 
regardless of their rank 

1610
01:31:20,700 --> 01:31:24,700
Napoleon forced into Exile on 
the island of Elba, learns of 

1611
01:31:24,700 --> 01:31:27,200
Josephine's death Weeks, Later 
through letters and newspapers 

1612
01:31:27,200 --> 01:31:29,600
that reach his tiny 
Mediterranean Kingdom. 

1613
01:31:30,600 --> 01:31:33,700
He shuts himself in his room for
two days after receiving the 

1614
01:31:33,700 --> 01:31:36,900
news, his companions. 
Hear him weeping through the 

1615
01:31:36,900 --> 01:31:40,300
closed door. 
When he finally emerges, he's 

1616
01:31:40,300 --> 01:31:43,500
aged visibly. 
The loss of Josephine seems to 

1617
01:31:43,508 --> 01:31:46,200
break something in him that 
military defeat couldn't touch. 

1618
01:31:47,100 --> 01:31:50,600
He says her name constantly over
the following weeks, remembering

1619
01:31:50,600 --> 01:31:53,700
their years together. 
Regretting the divorce, even 

1620
01:31:53,700 --> 01:31:55,100
though it gave him the son he 
wanted. 

1621
01:31:56,100 --> 01:31:59,200
He talks to anyone who will 
listen about Josephine, how 

1622
01:31:59,200 --> 01:32:03,600
beautiful she was, how graceful 
how she made him feel when they 

1623
01:32:03,600 --> 01:32:06,800
were together. 
His guards and servants, learn 

1624
01:32:06,800 --> 01:32:09,400
to recognize when the emperor 
needs to talk about his first 

1625
01:32:09,400 --> 01:32:12,300
wife and to listen patiently to 
stories. 

1626
01:32:12,300 --> 01:32:15,300
They've heard before Keeps a 
lock of her hair. 

1627
01:32:15,300 --> 01:32:17,200
Carefully preserved in a special
box. 

1628
01:32:17,900 --> 01:32:20,600
He carries the portrait she gave
him during the Italian campaign,

1629
01:32:20,600 --> 01:32:23,700
the same miniature, he treasured
throughout his military 

1630
01:32:23,700 --> 01:32:28,400
campaigns. during his 100 days 
of return to power, in 1815, 

1631
01:32:28,400 --> 01:32:33,000
after escaping from Elba, he 
visits malema and walks through 

1632
01:32:33,000 --> 01:32:37,400
her Garden Alone, He touches the
Roses, she planted smells their 

1633
01:32:37,400 --> 01:32:40,100
fragrance and lets himself 
remember happier times. 

1634
01:32:41,100 --> 01:32:45,200
After Waterloo and his final 
exile to Saint Helena that 

1635
01:32:45,200 --> 01:32:46,700
remote island in the South 
Atlantic. 

1636
01:32:46,700 --> 01:32:48,600
Where he'll spend his last 
years. 

1637
01:32:48,600 --> 01:32:52,500
He speaks of Josephine often to 
his small circle of companions. 

1638
01:32:52,500 --> 01:32:56,700
They write down his reminisces 
preserving, his memory of their 

1639
01:32:56,700 --> 01:33:00,600
relationship in his will he 
requested to be buried next to 

1640
01:33:00,600 --> 01:33:03,800
her at Mom's or though, this 
final wishes isn't fulfilled. 

1641
01:33:04,900 --> 01:33:08,400
The British bury him on Saint 
Helena when he dies in 1821. 

1642
01:33:09,300 --> 01:33:12,900
Only decades later will his 
remains returned to France to 

1643
01:33:12,900 --> 01:33:16,800
line State at Liverpool lead 
rather than beside Josephine's, 

1644
01:33:16,800 --> 01:33:19,200
grave. 
The legacy of Napoleon and 

1645
01:33:19,200 --> 01:33:21,400
Josephine's. 
Love Story extends far beyond 

1646
01:33:21,400 --> 01:33:25,600
their own life, time's touching 
aspects of culture art and 

1647
01:33:25,600 --> 01:33:27,900
Society of ways, neither could 
have predicted. 

1648
01:33:28,900 --> 01:33:32,100
They're passionate letters, 
survived carefully preserved 

1649
01:33:32,100 --> 01:33:35,300
first by family members, and 
later by museums and archives. 

1650
01:33:36,200 --> 01:33:38,500
These letters offer intimate 
glimpses into their 

1651
01:33:38,500 --> 01:33:41,800
relationship, revealing the 
human hearts beneath the 

1652
01:33:41,800 --> 01:33:45,600
Imperial crowns, her Botanical 
collections influence, 

1653
01:33:45,600 --> 01:33:48,400
gardening, across Europe, and 
eventually worldwide. 

1654
01:33:49,400 --> 01:33:52,100
The rose is she cultivated 
spread to other Gardens? 

1655
01:33:52,900 --> 01:33:55,900
The techniques are botanist 
developed get shared and 

1656
01:33:55,900 --> 01:33:58,500
improved. 
The paintings redo take created 

1657
01:33:58,500 --> 01:34:02,000
of her roses become foundational
texts in Botanical, illustration

1658
01:34:02,000 --> 01:34:05,200
studied by artists and 
scientists for Generations. 

1659
01:34:06,600 --> 01:34:09,700
Fashion, she popularized 
continued to inspire designers 

1660
01:34:09,700 --> 01:34:12,800
centuries later. 
The Empire silhouette appears 

1661
01:34:12,800 --> 01:34:16,700
and reappears in fashion. 
Her way of combining classical 

1662
01:34:16,700 --> 01:34:19,900
elements with contemporary style
becomes a template for Elegance,

1663
01:34:19,900 --> 01:34:24,400
implicity museums display, her 
dresses and accessories, and 

1664
01:34:24,400 --> 01:34:28,800
modern designers study the cuts 
and techniques Mamas on its self

1665
01:34:28,800 --> 01:34:31,200
become a museum dedicated to 
their memory. 

1666
01:34:32,000 --> 01:34:35,600
Visitors walk through rooms 
where they lived see furniture. 

1667
01:34:35,600 --> 01:34:38,400
They used few painting's, they 
collected. 

1668
01:34:38,400 --> 01:34:43,000
The Guardians carefully. 
Maintained continued to Blue 

1669
01:34:43,000 --> 01:34:46,100
each spring and summer. 
People come from around the 

1670
01:34:46,100 --> 01:34:48,900
world to see the roses. 
And imagine Josephine walking 

1671
01:34:48,900 --> 01:34:53,200
these same paths tending, the 
same beds, creating beauty that 

1672
01:34:53,200 --> 01:34:56,800
outlasted Empire. 
Perhaps, the most enduring 

1673
01:34:56,800 --> 01:34:58,800
Legacy is simply the story 
itself. 

1674
01:34:59,600 --> 01:35:02,200
In an age, when most 
aristocratic marriages were 

1675
01:35:02,200 --> 01:35:03,700
arranged for political 
Advantage. 

1676
01:35:03,700 --> 01:35:07,300
When love matches were rare, 
especially among the powerful 

1677
01:35:07,300 --> 01:35:10,600
Napoleon and Josephine found 
genuine passion. 

1678
01:35:11,500 --> 01:35:15,400
Yes, there were complications, 
yes, there were infidelities and

1679
01:35:15,400 --> 01:35:18,000
jealousies and ultimately a 
heartbreaking divorce. 

1680
01:35:18,000 --> 01:35:22,700
Yes ambition and politics shaped
their relationship as much as 

1681
01:35:22,700 --> 01:35:24,700
affection. 
But underneath all the 

1682
01:35:24,700 --> 01:35:27,600
complexity, two people who 
shouldn't have worked together 

1683
01:35:27,600 --> 01:35:31,000
somehow did. 
She taught him Grace and social 

1684
01:35:31,000 --> 01:35:34,700
connection softening, his rough,
Corsican edges, and helping him 

1685
01:35:34,700 --> 01:35:37,100
navigate the complexities of 
French society. 

1686
01:35:38,100 --> 01:35:41,800
He gave a security and devotion 
after years of precarious 

1687
01:35:41,800 --> 01:35:44,900
survival. 
She survived Revolution and 

1688
01:35:44,900 --> 01:35:47,500
imprisonment to become an 
empress who was genuinely 

1689
01:35:47,500 --> 01:35:50,000
beloved. 
He rose from provincial 

1690
01:35:50,000 --> 01:35:53,000
obscurity to reshape Europe's 
political landscape. 

1691
01:35:53,700 --> 01:35:57,100
Together, they created something
larger and more significant than

1692
01:35:57,100 --> 01:35:58,300
either could have achieved 
alone. 

1693
01:35:59,500 --> 01:36:03,700
The Roses still Bloom at malm 
every spring and summer just as 

1694
01:36:03,700 --> 01:36:07,900
Josephine planned. visitors walk
through Gardens, she designed 

1695
01:36:07,900 --> 01:36:11,800
more than 200 years ago and 
touch wool she touched The 

1696
01:36:11,800 --> 01:36:13,800
furniture. 
She selected still furnishes 

1697
01:36:13,800 --> 01:36:17,300
rooms where she lived her 
portrait hangs in museums around

1698
01:36:17,300 --> 01:36:19,900
the world. 
Showing a beautiful woman with 

1699
01:36:19,900 --> 01:36:24,100
kind eyes who somehow navigated 
the most tumultuous period in 

1700
01:36:24,100 --> 01:36:26,700
French history with her dignity 
intact. 

1701
01:36:28,000 --> 01:36:31,500
Napoleon's final years on Saint 
Helena, found him dictating his 

1702
01:36:31,500 --> 01:36:35,500
Memoirs, to his small circle of 
companions, trying to shape how 

1703
01:36:35,500 --> 01:36:37,700
history would remember him and 
his achievements. 

1704
01:36:38,500 --> 01:36:42,200
He spoke off of Josephine during
the session's remembering their 

1705
01:36:42,200 --> 01:36:44,400
early days together with obvious
tenderness. 

1706
01:36:45,200 --> 01:36:48,400
He told his companions that she 
was the woman, he loved most 

1707
01:36:48,400 --> 01:36:51,400
deeply even more than Mary 
Louise who gave him. 

1708
01:36:51,400 --> 01:36:55,300
The son, he desperately wanted. 
He said that if Josephine had 

1709
01:36:55,300 --> 01:36:58,200
been able to give him children, 
who would never have divorced 

1710
01:36:58,200 --> 01:37:01,200
her and perhaps his entire fate 
would have been different. 

1711
01:37:02,400 --> 01:37:06,300
You stand now, at malmas only in
your imagination, in the Rose 

1712
01:37:06,300 --> 01:37:09,800
Garden Josephine, created with 
such care at love. 

1713
01:37:10,700 --> 01:37:13,100
Flowers bloom in every color 
imaginable. 

1714
01:37:13,100 --> 01:37:17,500
And in varieties collected from 
around the world, the air 

1715
01:37:17,500 --> 01:37:20,200
carries their fragrance mixed 
with the scent of boxwood hedges

1716
01:37:20,200 --> 01:37:24,400
and freshly turned Earth from 
The Gardener's constant work. if

1717
01:37:24,400 --> 01:37:27,300
you close your eyes, you might 
almost hear laughter from the 

1718
01:37:27,300 --> 01:37:31,700
house or the sound of voices in 
animated conversation, all the 

1719
01:37:31,700 --> 01:37:36,000
rustle of silk gowns on gravel 
paths This is where their story 

1720
01:37:36,008 --> 01:37:39,800
lives, most vividly. 
Not in the grand palaces or 

1721
01:37:39,800 --> 01:37:43,800
blood soaked battlefields, not 
in the official portraits or 

1722
01:37:43,800 --> 01:37:47,300
state ceremonies. 
But here in this Garden, where a

1723
01:37:47,300 --> 01:37:51,000
woman from Martinique who became
an empress planted roses and 

1724
01:37:51,000 --> 01:37:53,100
walked with her husband, who 
conquered Europe? 

1725
01:37:54,000 --> 01:37:57,000
Here for brief moments between 
campaigns and crises. 

1726
01:37:57,000 --> 01:38:01,100
They were simply two people in 
love enjoying Beauty, they 

1727
01:38:01,100 --> 01:38:04,500
created together. 
The love story of Napoleon and 

1728
01:38:04,500 --> 01:38:08,800
Josephine reminds us that even 
the mighty historical forces, a 

1729
01:38:08,800 --> 01:38:12,600
shed by human hearts beating 
beneath the formal costumes and 

1730
01:38:12,608 --> 01:38:16,400
impressive titles their romance 
in Florence, the fate of Nations

1731
01:38:16,400 --> 01:38:19,700
determine the outcomes of wars 
and shape the political map of 

1732
01:38:19,700 --> 01:38:22,300
Europe. 
But at its core their 

1733
01:38:22,300 --> 01:38:23,900
relationship remained achingly 
human. 

1734
01:38:24,700 --> 01:38:27,700
Passionate letters the jealous, 
rages the tender 

1735
01:38:27,700 --> 01:38:31,500
reconciliations, the ultimate 
heartbreak of their separation. 

1736
01:38:32,300 --> 01:38:35,400
These are experiences that 
transcend time and Empire. 

1737
01:38:36,300 --> 01:38:39,900
Seeking to fundamental truths 
about love and loss that remain 

1738
01:38:39,900 --> 01:38:44,200
constant across centuries. 
As you drift towards sleep 

1739
01:38:44,200 --> 01:38:48,200
tonight, let yourself rest in 
malema's Gardens on a perfect 

1740
01:38:48,200 --> 01:38:51,500
Summer Afternoon. 
Feel the warmth of sunshine on 

1741
01:38:51,500 --> 01:38:56,000
your face, and arms smell, the 
roses Josephine nurtured each 

1742
01:38:56,000 --> 01:38:59,800
variety, distinct yet blending 
into an overall fragrance of 

1743
01:38:59,800 --> 01:39:03,500
beauty and care. 
Here, the distant murmur of 

1744
01:39:03,500 --> 01:39:06,500
fountains and the soft rustle of
leaves in the breeze. 

1745
01:39:07,500 --> 01:39:12,500
Somewhere nearby a Bird Sings. 
Its territorial claim the gravel

1746
01:39:12,500 --> 01:39:14,700
crunches. 
Softly under your feet as you 

1747
01:39:14,700 --> 01:39:18,200
walk slowly along paths designed
for contemplation and peace. 

1748
01:39:18,200 --> 01:39:22,000
Two people met in Revolutionary 
Paris at a time when the world 

1749
01:39:22,000 --> 01:39:24,000
seemed to be ending and 
everything. 

1750
01:39:24,000 --> 01:39:28,200
Solid was melting into are They 
loved each other through 

1751
01:39:28,200 --> 01:39:32,000
impossible, circumstances, 
survive separations and 

1752
01:39:32,000 --> 01:39:36,700
Reconciliation built an empire 
together and ultimately broken 

1753
01:39:36,700 --> 01:39:38,700
each other's hearts and services
of Duty. 

1754
01:39:38,700 --> 01:39:43,500
They both accepted as necessary.
They changed the world through 

1755
01:39:43,500 --> 01:39:47,800
their partnership leaving behind
reforms and institutions and 

1756
01:39:47,800 --> 01:39:50,300
cultural influences that persist
to this day. 

1757
01:39:51,400 --> 01:39:55,100
Their roses still Bloom the 
letters still speak across the 

1758
01:39:55,100 --> 01:39:58,700
centuries with undiminished 
passion and their love story 

1759
01:39:58,700 --> 01:40:02,300
endures as The Testament to what
human connection can achieve and

1760
01:40:02,300 --> 01:40:05,500
endure. 
Let these images and thoughts 

1761
01:40:05,500 --> 01:40:10,100
carry, you gently into sleep. 
Napoleon and Josephine story is 

1762
01:40:10,100 --> 01:40:12,500
over. 
Now finished more than 200 years

1763
01:40:12,500 --> 01:40:15,400
ago. 
But the gardens Remain, the 

1764
01:40:15,400 --> 01:40:20,100
beauty endures love, they shared
complicated and painful. 

1765
01:40:20,100 --> 01:40:24,800
And real continues to touch 
hearts and inspired dreams. 

1766
01:40:24,800 --> 01:40:28,500
Rest now, surrounded by roses 
and history and the Eternal 

1767
01:40:28,500 --> 01:40:32,600
human story of love, Found, Love
tested and love, remembered 

1768
01:40:32,600 --> 01:40:41,600
beyond death, and Empire. 
For nearly all of human 

1769
01:40:41,600 --> 01:40:45,000
existence sleeping Outdoors. 
Wasn't an adventure or a weekend

1770
01:40:45,000 --> 01:40:47,400
Escape. 
It was simply where you close 

1771
01:40:47,400 --> 01:40:50,900
your eyes at night. 
The roof over your head was Sky,

1772
01:40:50,900 --> 01:40:55,500
your bedroom walls were Darkness
punctuated by firelight and your

1773
01:40:55,500 --> 01:40:58,400
mattress was whatever you could 
gather from the Earth around you

1774
01:40:58,400 --> 01:41:01,000
tonight. 
You're going to trace that long 

1775
01:41:01,000 --> 01:41:05,200
Starlet thread of human rest. 
From the very first people who 

1776
01:41:05,200 --> 01:41:08,800
ever needed to figure out how to
survive the night all the way to

1777
01:41:08,800 --> 01:41:12,200
the modern camper who packs a 
tent into their car and drives 

1778
01:41:12,200 --> 01:41:13,900
toward that. 
Same ancient experience. 

1779
01:41:14,900 --> 01:41:18,000
You need to understand something
fundamental about the earliest 

1780
01:41:18,000 --> 01:41:19,900
humans. 
They didn't think of themselves 

1781
01:41:19,900 --> 01:41:25,400
as sleeping outside because 
there was no inside yet. 

1782
01:41:26,800 --> 01:41:30,600
The very concept of shelter. 
As we know it four walls, a 

1783
01:41:30,600 --> 01:41:33,000
door, a distinction between 
domestic space and Wilderness. 

1784
01:41:33,000 --> 01:41:37,300
Hadn't been invented when your 
ancient ancestor laid down to 

1785
01:41:37,300 --> 01:41:42,000
rest somewhere in East Africa. 
Perhaps 200,000 years ago, they 

1786
01:41:42,000 --> 01:41:44,700
were simply finding the least 
dangerous spot of available in 

1787
01:41:44,700 --> 01:41:48,400
their immediate surroundings. 
The landscape itself was your 

1788
01:41:48,400 --> 01:41:50,900
bedroom. 
You learned to read it the way 

1789
01:41:50,900 --> 01:41:52,800
you now read the comfort of your
own mattress. 

1790
01:41:53,900 --> 01:41:56,900
Slight elevation meant water 
wouldn't pull if rain came 

1791
01:41:56,900 --> 01:42:01,700
proximity to certain trees, 
meant fewer, insects Rocky 

1792
01:42:01,700 --> 01:42:03,800
outcroppings provided 
windbreaks. 

1793
01:42:03,800 --> 01:42:07,900
The texture of the ground 
beneath you told stories sand 

1794
01:42:07,900 --> 01:42:11,700
held warmth from the day but 
shifted under your weight grass 

1795
01:42:11,700 --> 01:42:16,000
cushioned but attracted moisture
and Bearer stayed cool but could

1796
01:42:16,008 --> 01:42:20,700
be shaped and molded. 
Your body was different than not

1797
01:42:20,700 --> 01:42:23,100
in structure, but in 
expectation. 

1798
01:42:23,800 --> 01:42:25,800
Your skin toughened early in 
life. 

1799
01:42:25,800 --> 01:42:28,600
Your tolerance for discomfort, 
ran deeper. 

1800
01:42:29,400 --> 01:42:31,800
You didn't think of sleeping on 
the ground as roughing it 

1801
01:42:31,800 --> 01:42:33,200
because you'd never known 
anything else. 

1802
01:42:33,200 --> 01:42:37,300
The Earth beneath you is simply 
the world's surface and you are 

1803
01:42:37,300 --> 01:42:39,500
part of the world. 
So of course that's where you 

1804
01:42:39,500 --> 01:42:42,700
rested. 
The group you traveled with 

1805
01:42:42,700 --> 01:42:45,900
maybe 15 or 20 people, maybe 
fewer. 

1806
01:42:46,600 --> 01:42:48,800
Made these decisions 
collectively without much 

1807
01:42:48,800 --> 01:42:51,800
discussion. 
Someone with experience would 

1808
01:42:51,800 --> 01:42:55,100
notice the quality of a 
location, others would agree or 

1809
01:42:55,100 --> 01:42:59,000
suggest Alternatives by the time
the sun dropped lower enough to 

1810
01:42:59,000 --> 01:43:02,200
paint everything orange. 
You'd already begun the subtle 

1811
01:43:02,200 --> 01:43:06,000
preparations for Darkness. 
Fire changed everything, of 

1812
01:43:06,000 --> 01:43:09,600
course, not. 
Immediately not all at once, but

1813
01:43:09,600 --> 01:43:12,600
gradually over thousands of 
years as your ancestors must 

1814
01:43:12,600 --> 01:43:15,600
have mastered its maintenance 
and creation The difference 

1815
01:43:15,600 --> 01:43:19,100
between sleeping near a fire and
sleeping with out, it was the 

1816
01:43:19,100 --> 01:43:22,500
difference between being part of
the landscape and being able to 

1817
01:43:22,500 --> 01:43:26,600
push back against it slightly 
fire created a bubble of warmth,

1818
01:43:26,600 --> 01:43:31,200
a circle of light and a barrier 
that large Predators hesitated 

1819
01:43:31,200 --> 01:43:34,100
to cross. 
Building that fire before, 

1820
01:43:34,100 --> 01:43:37,200
nightfall became the most 
important daily ritual. 

1821
01:43:38,500 --> 01:43:41,900
You gathered wood during the 
days travel always watching for 

1822
01:43:41,900 --> 01:43:44,700
dry pieces. 
Always assessing what would burn

1823
01:43:44,700 --> 01:43:48,200
hot and what would burn long 
Dead branches. 

1824
01:43:48,200 --> 01:43:50,000
That still clung to trees were 
best. 

1825
01:43:50,000 --> 01:43:53,400
They'd been kept off the ground 
away from moisture. 

1826
01:43:53,400 --> 01:43:57,600
You learned to judge would buy 
weight by the sound. 

1827
01:43:57,600 --> 01:44:00,900
It made when struck and by the 
way, it broke, The actual 

1828
01:44:00,900 --> 01:44:03,300
lighting of the fire assuming 
your group maintained. 

1829
01:44:03,300 --> 01:44:06,500
Coals from the previous night 
involved, careful feeding of 

1830
01:44:06,500 --> 01:44:11,200
small materials, dry grass, 
shredded bark, and Tiny Twigs 

1831
01:44:11,200 --> 01:44:14,600
arranged. 
Just so you blew gently coaxing 

1832
01:44:14,600 --> 01:44:18,500
oxygen into the process watching
for that first of flame. 

1833
01:44:18,500 --> 01:44:21,700
Once established the fire 
demanded attention throughout 

1834
01:44:21,700 --> 01:44:25,300
the evening not constant fussing
but regular feeding and 

1835
01:44:25,300 --> 01:44:28,900
adjustments to maintain the 
right size, two larger, fire 

1836
01:44:28,900 --> 01:44:30,900
wasted fuel. 
You'd have to replace tomorrow 

1837
01:44:30,900 --> 01:44:33,900
two small and it might die 
during the night. 

1838
01:44:33,900 --> 01:44:37,900
Leaving you, vulnerable and cold
you learned, the right size 

1839
01:44:37,900 --> 01:44:40,700
instinctively, the way. 
You now know when your coffee is

1840
01:44:40,700 --> 01:44:44,600
cool to the perfect drinking 
temperature Fire needed to last 

1841
01:44:44,600 --> 01:44:48,000
until morning but not rage so 
hot that sleeping near it became

1842
01:44:48,000 --> 01:44:50,800
uncomfortable. 
Ranging yourselves around this 

1843
01:44:50,800 --> 01:44:54,100
fire followed patterns, that 
mixed practicality with social 

1844
01:44:54,100 --> 01:44:58,100
structure. the elderly, and the 
very young often claimed spots 

1845
01:44:58,100 --> 01:45:03,400
closest to the Flames absorbing 
maximum warmth, Adults of prime 

1846
01:45:03,400 --> 01:45:06,300
age could tolerate the slightly 
cooler outer positions. 

1847
01:45:06,300 --> 01:45:11,500
People appeared or grouped by 
Family clusters by friendship or

1848
01:45:11,500 --> 01:45:14,500
by the unspoken social 
Arrangements that govern daily 

1849
01:45:14,500 --> 01:45:17,200
life. 
Your bed was, whatever you could

1850
01:45:17,200 --> 01:45:20,800
gather or carry in areas with 
large leaves, you'd pile them 

1851
01:45:20,800 --> 01:45:24,000
into a softer surface in. 
Grasslands, you'd pull up 

1852
01:45:24,000 --> 01:45:27,600
handfuls of the driest grass of 
available creating a mat between

1853
01:45:27,600 --> 01:45:31,000
yourself and the ground. 
Animal hides. 

1854
01:45:31,000 --> 01:45:34,700
Once your people began hunting 
regularly, revolutionized 

1855
01:45:34,700 --> 01:45:38,200
sleeping Comfort. 
A, well, scraped hide placed. 

1856
01:45:38,200 --> 01:45:41,900
First side down provided 
insulation from below another 

1857
01:45:41,900 --> 01:45:45,500
hide draped over. 
You trapped body heat above the 

1858
01:45:45,500 --> 01:45:48,100
preparation of the sleeping 
spots happened gradually as 

1859
01:45:48,100 --> 01:45:51,400
evening progressed, you'd add to
your leaf pile while there was 

1860
01:45:51,408 --> 01:45:53,400
still enough light to see what 
you were gathering. 

1861
01:45:54,000 --> 01:45:57,100
You position your hide while you
could still judge distances and 

1862
01:45:57,100 --> 01:45:59,900
angles. 
By the time, full Darkness 

1863
01:45:59,900 --> 01:46:03,500
arrived, you'd settled into a 
space that while far, from 

1864
01:46:03,500 --> 01:46:07,200
luxurious represented, your best
effort at comfort and safety. 

1865
01:46:08,100 --> 01:46:10,500
Lying there. 
You'd watch the fire. 

1866
01:46:10,500 --> 01:46:14,200
Everyone did the Flames held 
attention in a way. 

1867
01:46:14,208 --> 01:46:16,700
That's hard to explain to 
someone who's only experienced 

1868
01:46:16,700 --> 01:46:20,300
fire, as a controlled utility. 
The movement was hypnotic. 

1869
01:46:20,300 --> 01:46:24,400
Yes, but it was more than that. 
Fire was alive in a way that 

1870
01:46:24,400 --> 01:46:27,500
felt almost companionable. 
It consumed. 

1871
01:46:27,500 --> 01:46:32,700
It danced it responded to win 
and it transformed everything it

1872
01:46:32,700 --> 01:46:35,700
touched. 
You could spend hours watching 

1873
01:46:35,700 --> 01:46:39,100
it and never feel like you were 
wasting time. 

1874
01:46:40,000 --> 01:46:43,600
The sounds of the night 
surrounded you things moved in 

1875
01:46:43,600 --> 01:46:47,000
the darkness beyond the 
firelight animals, going about 

1876
01:46:47,000 --> 01:46:51,000
their nocturnal business, wind 
rustling vegetation and the 

1877
01:46:51,000 --> 01:46:55,500
occasional crack of a branch or 
Russell in the undergrowth, your

1878
01:46:55,500 --> 01:47:00,300
brain evolved for survival. 
Sorted, the sound constantly. 

1879
01:47:01,300 --> 01:47:05,200
That one was familiar, that one 
required attention and that one 

1880
01:47:05,200 --> 01:47:09,400
meant something was approaching.
You didn't sleep deeply all at 

1881
01:47:09,400 --> 01:47:12,800
once. 
Instead you drifted in and out 

1882
01:47:12,800 --> 01:47:16,300
maintaining a level of awareness
that modern people rarely 

1883
01:47:16,300 --> 01:47:20,700
experience, When you did slip 
into deeper sleep, your body 

1884
01:47:20,708 --> 01:47:24,900
position changed naturally. 
You'd curl toward the fire, if 

1885
01:47:24,900 --> 01:47:28,200
you grew cold and shift away, if
you became too warm, this 

1886
01:47:28,200 --> 01:47:31,200
constant micro adjustment 
happened, mostly without full 

1887
01:47:31,200 --> 01:47:34,600
Consciousness, you're sleeping 
Brain, still managing your 

1888
01:47:34,600 --> 01:47:38,000
comfort. 
The night was long longer than 

1889
01:47:38,000 --> 01:47:41,700
modern nights because you had 
nothing to do except sleep think

1890
01:47:41,700 --> 01:47:46,200
or tend the fire. 
Without artificial light without

1891
01:47:46,200 --> 01:47:49,500
books without any of the evening
activities that fill your 

1892
01:47:49,500 --> 01:47:51,400
current hours between dinner and
bed. 

1893
01:47:51,400 --> 01:47:57,200
Darkness meant rest. 
When the sun set work stopped. 

1894
01:47:57,900 --> 01:48:03,100
When the sun rose work resumed. 
your sleep schedule a line with 

1895
01:48:03,100 --> 01:48:07,200
the planets rotation in a way 
that human circadian rhythms are

1896
01:48:07,200 --> 01:48:10,600
still optimized for even though 
most people now ignore these 

1897
01:48:10,600 --> 01:48:15,000
ancient patterns completely, The
relationship between humans and 

1898
01:48:15,000 --> 01:48:18,300
fire as a sleeping aid deserves 
its own exploration because it 

1899
01:48:18,300 --> 01:48:19,900
wasn't simple or one 
dimensional. 

1900
01:48:20,800 --> 01:48:24,000
Fire provided warmth. 
Yes, and protection. 

1901
01:48:24,000 --> 01:48:27,000
Yes. 
But it also created something 

1902
01:48:27,000 --> 01:48:30,900
more subtle a sense of place in 
the vastness of the natural 

1903
01:48:30,900 --> 01:48:33,500
world. 
That Circle of firelight, became

1904
01:48:33,500 --> 01:48:37,100
your temporary home each night, 
a movable boundary between the 

1905
01:48:37,100 --> 01:48:41,000
known and the unknown The 
quality of light from a campfire

1906
01:48:41,000 --> 01:48:44,200
is different from any artificial
light you've experienced. 

1907
01:48:44,800 --> 01:48:49,300
It flickers constantly creating 
Shadows that dance and shift. 

1908
01:48:50,200 --> 01:48:52,400
Nothing stays still in 
firelight. 

1909
01:48:53,500 --> 01:48:57,700
The effect on your Psychology 
was profound that movement kept 

1910
01:48:57,700 --> 01:49:01,900
you slightly alerts slightly 
aware even as you relax towards 

1911
01:49:01,900 --> 01:49:04,700
sleep. 
Your brain never fully tuned it 

1912
01:49:04,700 --> 01:49:06,800
out the way. 
You tune out the static hum of 

1913
01:49:06,808 --> 01:49:09,800
the ceiling fan or the constant 
glow of a nightlight. 

1914
01:49:10,800 --> 01:49:12,800
Color temperature matters too, 
though. 

1915
01:49:12,800 --> 01:49:14,300
You wouldn't have described it 
that way. 

1916
01:49:15,200 --> 01:49:19,400
Fire Burns, orange and red, warm
colors, that trigger biological 

1917
01:49:19,400 --> 01:49:23,400
responses and human brains, 
these wavelengths, signal, sun, 

1918
01:49:23,400 --> 01:49:25,500
set evening, and the end of the 
day's activities. 

1919
01:49:26,700 --> 01:49:30,700
Blue light from Modern screens 
from certain bulbs signals 

1920
01:49:30,700 --> 01:49:34,700
morning and alertness. 
Your ancestors bathed in only 

1921
01:49:34,700 --> 01:49:38,900
warm light once Darkness fell 
received consistent biological 

1922
01:49:38,900 --> 01:49:41,000
signals that it was time to wind
down. 

1923
01:49:42,200 --> 01:49:45,300
The smell of wood smoke became, 
intimately associated with 

1924
01:49:45,300 --> 01:49:49,200
safety and rest. 
Different Woods produced 

1925
01:49:49,200 --> 01:49:53,800
different senses they burned. 
Resinous Pine released sharp, 

1926
01:49:53,800 --> 01:49:58,300
clean Aromas, Hardwoods, burned 
with earthea subtler. 

1927
01:49:58,300 --> 01:50:01,800
Fragrances Driftwood. 
If you camped near water, 

1928
01:50:01,800 --> 01:50:05,200
produce salty, mineral sense, 
you learn. 

1929
01:50:05,200 --> 01:50:07,900
These smells the way you now 
know the scent of your own home 

1930
01:50:07,900 --> 01:50:10,900
and they became part of the 
century package, that meant 

1931
01:50:10,900 --> 01:50:13,800
night, time rest and the end of 
the day. 

1932
01:50:14,900 --> 01:50:18,000
Smoke also served practical 
purposes, Beyonds. 

1933
01:50:18,000 --> 01:50:22,100
It helps keep insects at Bay 
particularly mosquitoes in areas

1934
01:50:22,100 --> 01:50:25,100
where they swarmed. 
Sleeping in a slight Haze of 

1935
01:50:25,108 --> 01:50:28,600
smoke, was uncomfortable in some
ways, it could irritate eyes and

1936
01:50:28,600 --> 01:50:32,500
throats but preferable to being 
eaten alive, by biting insect 

1937
01:50:32,500 --> 01:50:34,800
all night. 
You learned to position yourself

1938
01:50:34,800 --> 01:50:38,600
where you catch enough smoke to 
discourage bugs, but not so much

1939
01:50:38,600 --> 01:50:41,800
that you'd wake up coughing the 
fire required maintenance 

1940
01:50:41,800 --> 01:50:44,900
through the night and this 
maintenance shape, how you 

1941
01:50:44,900 --> 01:50:47,200
slept? 
Someone needed to wait 

1942
01:50:47,200 --> 01:50:51,300
periodically and add fuel in a 
group this responsibility often 

1943
01:50:51,300 --> 01:50:55,400
rotated, informally, you'd wake 
naturally, your bladder needed 

1944
01:50:55,400 --> 01:50:58,800
emptying, annoys startled. 
You where you'd simply had 

1945
01:50:58,800 --> 01:51:01,800
enough sleep for the moment and 
while awake, you'd feed the 

1946
01:51:01,800 --> 01:51:05,100
fire, then you'd settle back 
down for another structure of 

1947
01:51:05,108 --> 01:51:08,700
rest. 
This pattern of segmented, sleep

1948
01:51:08,700 --> 01:51:11,000
with a period of quiet 
wakefulness. 

1949
01:51:11,000 --> 01:51:14,400
In the middle of the night was 
completely normal for most of 

1950
01:51:14,400 --> 01:51:18,000
human history. 
Historical records from medieval

1951
01:51:18,000 --> 01:51:22,600
Europe mention, first, sleep, 
and second sleep as distinct 

1952
01:51:22,600 --> 01:51:25,100
periods. 
People would wake around, 

1953
01:51:25,100 --> 01:51:30,200
midnight tend to various needs, 
perhaps chat, quietly, or engage

1954
01:51:30,200 --> 01:51:34,000
in other activities, then return
to sleep until morning your 

1955
01:51:34,000 --> 01:51:36,800
prehistoric ancestors, almost 
certainly followed similar 

1956
01:51:36,800 --> 01:51:40,700
patterns and fire maintenance 
fit naturally into these wakeful

1957
01:51:40,700 --> 01:51:45,300
intervals, the heat from a fire.
Doesn't distribute evenly, the 

1958
01:51:45,300 --> 01:51:47,600
side of your body facing the 
Flames would grow. 

1959
01:51:47,600 --> 01:51:51,400
Warm even hot while your back 
remained cool or cold. 

1960
01:51:52,400 --> 01:51:55,000
You learn to rotate yourself 
like a rotisserie chicken 

1961
01:51:55,000 --> 01:51:57,000
warming, one side than the 
other. 

1962
01:51:58,100 --> 01:52:01,500
This rotation became part of 
your sleeping movement built 

1963
01:52:01,500 --> 01:52:05,900
into the muscle memory of rest. 
Even today, when you roll over 

1964
01:52:05,900 --> 01:52:09,000
in your modern bed, your 
following patterns established 

1965
01:52:09,000 --> 01:52:13,100
over 100s of thousands of years 
of sleeping near fires. 

1966
01:52:14,100 --> 01:52:16,600
The progression of a fire 
through the night, had his own 

1967
01:52:16,600 --> 01:52:19,900
rhythm. 
Evening Flames danced, high and 

1968
01:52:19,900 --> 01:52:22,700
bright as fresh wood, caught and
burned. 

1969
01:52:23,500 --> 01:52:26,100
Middle of the night. 
Fires settled, into steadier 

1970
01:52:26,100 --> 01:52:31,000
combustion fed but not rebuilt. 
Pre-dawn fires were often 

1971
01:52:31,000 --> 01:52:34,100
reduced to glowing coals that 
radiated, heat without much 

1972
01:52:34,100 --> 01:52:36,500
visible flame. 
You learned to read this 

1973
01:52:36,500 --> 01:52:39,200
progression to know what stage 
of night. 

1974
01:52:39,200 --> 01:52:43,900
You'd reached just by looking at
the fires state, Coals, in fact 

1975
01:52:43,900 --> 01:52:47,400
became precious. 
Keeping coals alive from one 

1976
01:52:47,400 --> 01:52:51,000
night's fire to start the next 
days, fire saved, enormous 

1977
01:52:51,000 --> 01:52:54,100
effort. 
Very methods were developed for 

1978
01:52:54,100 --> 01:52:56,100
transporting Colace during daily
movement. 

1979
01:52:56,900 --> 01:53:00,700
Bark containers, hallowed 
Stone's and carefully maintained

1980
01:53:00,700 --> 01:53:04,100
smoldering materials. 
The person responsible for the 

1981
01:53:04,108 --> 01:53:06,300
coals carried genuine 
responsibility. 

1982
01:53:07,300 --> 01:53:10,400
Losing them meant the laborious 
process of starting a fire from 

1983
01:53:10,400 --> 01:53:12,300
scratch. 
Something that could take 

1984
01:53:12,300 --> 01:53:14,700
considerable time even for 
experts. 

1985
01:53:15,600 --> 01:53:19,700
The cycle of fire and deeper 
than its practical benefits. 

1986
01:53:20,500 --> 01:53:22,200
Sitting around a fire before 
sleep. 

1987
01:53:22,200 --> 01:53:25,500
You'd feel connected to every 
human who'd ever done the same, 

1988
01:53:26,700 --> 01:53:30,600
Spirits was Universal 
transcending, cultures and eras.

1989
01:53:31,500 --> 01:53:35,800
Hey, a Kung saan person in the 
Kalahari, a clovis Hunter on the

1990
01:53:35,800 --> 01:53:39,600
North American Plains, or a 
Neolithic farmer in Anatolia. 

1991
01:53:39,600 --> 01:53:43,300
All would recognize and 
understand your fire Circle and 

1992
01:53:43,300 --> 01:53:45,900
would know exactly how to 
participate in this nightly 

1993
01:53:45,900 --> 01:53:47,500
ritual. 
Stories. 

1994
01:53:47,500 --> 01:53:49,700
Often happened around fires 
though. 

1995
01:53:49,700 --> 01:53:51,200
Not always in the formalized 
way. 

1996
01:53:51,200 --> 01:53:54,200
You might imagine. 
Sometimes people shared 

1997
01:53:54,200 --> 01:53:55,900
information about the days of 
events. 

1998
01:53:55,900 --> 01:53:58,600
Sometimes they discuss plans for
tomorrow. 

1999
01:53:58,600 --> 01:54:02,200
Sometimes they simply sat 
together in companionable, 

2000
01:54:02,200 --> 01:54:06,900
silence, each person, lost in 
their own thoughts held together

2001
01:54:06,900 --> 01:54:12,100
by the shared light and warmth. 
Fire was the half before halfs 

2002
01:54:12,100 --> 01:54:14,400
existed. 
The Gathering Place that 

2003
01:54:14,400 --> 01:54:16,500
pre-dated all other gathering 
places. 

2004
01:54:17,700 --> 01:54:21,600
As you drifted towards sleep, 
the fire became a presents 

2005
01:54:21,600 --> 01:54:25,400
rather than a focus. 
You stopped, actively watching 

2006
01:54:25,400 --> 01:54:29,400
it but remained aware of it in 
your peripheral vision and in 

2007
01:54:29,400 --> 01:54:33,900
the warmth on your skin. 
If it dim too much, some part of

2008
01:54:33,908 --> 01:54:37,700
your brain noticed and prompted 
wakefulness if it blazed too 

2009
01:54:37,700 --> 01:54:41,600
high the same mechanism, 
triggered you and the fire 

2010
01:54:41,600 --> 01:54:44,600
maintained a relationship 
through the night, a wordless 

2011
01:54:44,600 --> 01:54:47,100
partnership in the business of 
surviving until morning. 

2012
01:54:47,900 --> 01:54:50,600
The development of bedding 
represents one of Humanity's 

2013
01:54:50,600 --> 01:54:53,300
great underappreciated 
Innovations. 

2014
01:54:53,300 --> 01:54:57,500
The jump from sleeping directly 
on the ground to sleeping on or 

2015
01:54:57,500 --> 01:55:01,200
under processed animal materials
was enormous though. 

2016
01:55:01,200 --> 01:55:03,500
It happened. 
So gradually that no one noticed

2017
01:55:03,500 --> 01:55:06,500
they were inventing anything. 
They were just trying to be more

2018
01:55:06,500 --> 01:55:09,900
comfortable to be warmer and to 
sleep a little better. 

2019
01:55:11,000 --> 01:55:14,000
Early bedding was probably, just
whatever happened to be lying 

2020
01:55:14,000 --> 01:55:16,600
around. 
You'd push aside rocks and 

2021
01:55:16,600 --> 01:55:19,800
sticks from where you plan to 
sleep and maybe arrange some 

2022
01:55:19,800 --> 01:55:23,200
larger leaves or grasses. 
This barely counts as bedding. 

2023
01:55:23,200 --> 01:55:26,600
But it was a start the 
recognition that you could 

2024
01:55:26,600 --> 01:55:29,000
modify the ground surface to 
improve your rest. 

2025
01:55:30,000 --> 01:55:34,400
That recognition simple. 
As it sounds, required abstract 

2026
01:55:34,400 --> 01:55:38,000
thinking, you had to imagine 
future comfort and take present 

2027
01:55:38,000 --> 01:55:41,400
action to achieve it. 
Grasses were an obvious choice 

2028
01:55:41,400 --> 01:55:45,100
where available dry grass, 
pulled or cut and piled. 

2029
01:55:45,100 --> 01:55:47,800
Created a cushion between you 
and the hard ground. 

2030
01:55:48,900 --> 01:55:53,400
Stems trapped are providing 
insulation a compressed under 

2031
01:55:53,400 --> 01:55:57,000
your weight but never completely
flatland maintaining some give 

2032
01:55:57,700 --> 01:56:00,800
You'd gather arm, fulls of the 
stuff probably more than you 

2033
01:56:00,800 --> 01:56:02,800
thought. 
You'd need because grass Maps 

2034
01:56:02,800 --> 01:56:04,700
compacted significantly 
overnight. 

2035
01:56:05,700 --> 01:56:09,400
The downside of grass bedding 
was its impermanence it crushed 

2036
01:56:09,400 --> 01:56:12,600
and broke down, quickly, it 
absorbed moisture from the 

2037
01:56:12,600 --> 01:56:15,700
ground and from your body 
becoming damp and less 

2038
01:56:15,700 --> 01:56:18,500
effective. 
If you stayed in one location 

2039
01:56:18,500 --> 01:56:21,700
for several nights, you'd need 
to refresh your grass pile 

2040
01:56:21,700 --> 01:56:25,500
regularly adding new material 
and removing the compressed 

2041
01:56:25,500 --> 01:56:31,000
decomposing old layers, Grass 
also, attracted insects small, 

2042
01:56:31,000 --> 01:56:34,500
spiders ticks. 
Anything looking for similar 

2043
01:56:34,500 --> 01:56:36,500
shelter leaves worked 
differently. 

2044
01:56:36,500 --> 01:56:40,200
Depending on the type, large 
waxy leaves overlapped, like 

2045
01:56:40,208 --> 01:56:43,000
shingles could create a somewhat
waterproof barrier. 

2046
01:56:43,600 --> 01:56:46,600
Soft leaves piled, deeply could 
cushion like grass. 

2047
01:56:47,500 --> 01:56:50,700
Dry leaves. 
However, made noise every shift 

2048
01:56:50,700 --> 01:56:53,900
in position, created rustling, 
sounds that could wake you and 

2049
01:56:53,900 --> 01:56:57,400
others you learned, which leaves
worked best in your area through

2050
01:56:57,400 --> 01:57:00,100
trial and error. 
Probably starting with whatever 

2051
01:57:00,100 --> 01:57:03,000
was most abundant and gradually 
refining your choices. 

2052
01:57:04,100 --> 01:57:06,800
Bark. 
When properly processed served 

2053
01:57:06,800 --> 01:57:11,200
multiple purposes, certain trees
had in a bark that could be 

2054
01:57:11,200 --> 01:57:13,800
stripped in sheets. 
These sheets. 

2055
01:57:13,800 --> 01:57:18,200
Softened, through beating or 
soaking, he came surprisingly 

2056
01:57:18,200 --> 01:57:21,500
flexible. 
They could Life as a ground 

2057
01:57:21,500 --> 01:57:25,400
cover, providing both insulation
and a barrier against moisture 

2058
01:57:25,400 --> 01:57:29,800
and small crawling things. 
Some cultures developed a 

2059
01:57:29,800 --> 01:57:31,500
labyrinth bark processing 
techniques. 

2060
01:57:31,500 --> 01:57:34,400
That wouldn't be discovered for 
thousands of years but even 

2061
01:57:34,400 --> 01:57:36,600
simple bark. 
Sheets improved comfort 

2062
01:57:36,600 --> 01:57:42,100
measurably Then came animal 
hides and everything changed. 

2063
01:57:42,100 --> 01:57:45,700
The first hide was probably not 
intended as bedding. 

2064
01:57:45,700 --> 01:57:49,600
More likely it was the byproduct
of eating an animal left over 

2065
01:57:49,600 --> 01:57:53,300
after the meat was consumed. 
Someone noticed that lying on. 

2066
01:57:53,308 --> 01:57:55,400
It was more comfortable than on 
the ground. 

2067
01:57:56,300 --> 01:57:59,500
Someone else draped, one over 
themselves and realized it held 

2068
01:57:59,500 --> 01:58:02,400
Heat. 
These observations repeated 

2069
01:58:02,400 --> 01:58:06,000
across countless individuals and
groups led to the deliberate 

2070
01:58:06,000 --> 01:58:11,000
creation of highs for sleeping. 
Rawhide, untreated skin. 

2071
01:58:11,000 --> 01:58:16,000
Fresh from an animal is stiff 
unpleasant and quickly becomes 

2072
01:58:16,000 --> 01:58:19,400
putrid. 
It has to be processed to become

2073
01:58:19,400 --> 01:58:22,300
useful. 
The simplest processing 

2074
01:58:22,300 --> 01:58:24,800
involved. 
Scraping away the fat and flesh 

2075
01:58:24,800 --> 01:58:28,500
from the inner surface, then 
stretching and drying, the hide.

2076
01:58:29,400 --> 01:58:32,700
This created a stiff but usable 
material that could serve as a 

2077
01:58:32,708 --> 01:58:35,400
ground cover. 
It wouldn't rot immediately. 

2078
01:58:35,400 --> 01:58:39,300
It provided a solid barrier 
against dampness and it could be

2079
01:58:39,300 --> 01:58:43,700
rolled up and transported. 
True leather soft and supple 

2080
01:58:43,700 --> 01:58:45,700
required. 
Much more work. 

2081
01:58:45,700 --> 01:58:49,200
You have to remove all the hair 
thoroughly, clean both sides, 

2082
01:58:49,200 --> 01:58:52,600
and then work some kind of oil 
or fat into the material to keep

2083
01:58:52,608 --> 01:58:55,300
it flexible. 
Different cultures, developed 

2084
01:58:55,300 --> 01:58:58,400
different techniques, brain 
tanning, smoked tanning, and 

2085
01:58:58,408 --> 01:59:01,900
vegetable tanning, each method 
had advantages and drawbacks, 

2086
01:59:01,900 --> 01:59:05,500
but all transformed, stiff, hide
into pliable leather. 

2087
01:59:05,500 --> 01:59:09,400
That could be used as a blanket 
worn as clothing or shaped into 

2088
01:59:09,400 --> 01:59:12,000
containers. 
Sleeping under a fur. 

2089
01:59:12,000 --> 01:59:15,000
Hide was a luxury though. 
Your prehistoric self wouldn't 

2090
01:59:15,000 --> 01:59:18,800
have used that word fur trapped 
air in its dense mat of hairs, 

2091
01:59:18,800 --> 01:59:21,700
creating insulation that was 
hard to match with plant 

2092
01:59:21,700 --> 01:59:25,000
materials. 
The first side against your skin

2093
01:59:25,000 --> 01:59:28,900
felt soft and warm. 
The height side facing out could

2094
01:59:28,900 --> 01:59:32,600
shed light rain, the good for 
Hyde was the difference between 

2095
01:59:32,600 --> 01:59:35,900
shivering through the night and 
sleeping comfortably, the twin 

2096
01:59:35,900 --> 01:59:40,200
tolerating cold weather and 
actually being warm Different 

2097
01:59:40,200 --> 01:59:42,200
animal. 
Furs had different properties. 

2098
01:59:43,000 --> 01:59:47,100
Deer hide was versatile and 
relatively easy to work for was 

2099
01:59:47,100 --> 01:59:51,000
incredibly warm. 
But heavy Rabbit fur was soft, 

2100
01:59:51,000 --> 01:59:54,900
but less durable, Buffalo hide, 
where available was thick and 

2101
01:59:54,900 --> 01:59:57,500
tough. 
He used what you could get what 

2102
01:59:57,500 --> 02:00:00,300
your groups successfully hunted,
and what your environment 

2103
02:00:00,300 --> 02:00:02,500
provided. 
Hide. 

2104
02:00:02,500 --> 02:00:04,800
You slept under told the story 
of your people's relationship 

2105
02:00:04,800 --> 02:00:08,500
with the animals around you. 
Maintaining these hides required

2106
02:00:08,500 --> 02:00:11,100
effort. 
They needed to stay dry when 

2107
02:00:11,100 --> 02:00:15,300
possible because wet leather 
becomes heavy cold and prone to 

2108
02:00:15,300 --> 02:00:17,700
mildew. 
They needed protection from 

2109
02:00:17,700 --> 02:00:19,500
insects that would eat the hide 
itself. 

2110
02:00:19,500 --> 02:00:23,500
They needed occasional re oiling
to maintain suppleness. 

2111
02:00:24,300 --> 02:00:27,200
In many ways you're sleeping, 
hide was a valued possession. 

2112
02:00:27,200 --> 02:00:31,400
Something you'd repair rather 
than replace something, you'd 

2113
02:00:31,400 --> 02:00:33,000
use until it literally fell 
apart. 

2114
02:00:34,300 --> 02:00:37,200
The combination of materials 
created the optimal sleeping 

2115
02:00:37,200 --> 02:00:42,300
setup grass or leaves, first 
piled and shaped to create a 

2116
02:00:42,300 --> 02:00:45,500
mattress of sorts. 
A scraped hide over that 

2117
02:00:45,500 --> 02:00:50,400
providing a barrier, your body 
on that surface and other hide 

2118
02:00:50,400 --> 02:00:52,200
ideally with fur draped over 
you. 

2119
02:00:52,900 --> 02:00:55,900
If you were lucky enough to have
two fur highs, you could create 

2120
02:00:55,900 --> 02:00:58,800
a sleeping Arrangement, that 
rivaled, modernly sleeping bags 

2121
02:00:58,800 --> 02:01:03,000
in warmth and comfort. 
In cold climates people learned 

2122
02:01:03,000 --> 02:01:05,200
to create what a mounted to 
sleeping nests. 

2123
02:01:06,200 --> 02:01:08,800
They dig shallow depression in 
the ground pile them with 

2124
02:01:08,800 --> 02:01:12,900
insulating materials line them 
with hides and basically burrow 

2125
02:01:12,900 --> 02:01:16,300
in for the night. 
Heat from your body trapped in 

2126
02:01:16,300 --> 02:01:18,600
this Nest. 
Could keep you comfortable, even

2127
02:01:18,600 --> 02:01:21,200
in temperatures that would 
quickly kill an unprotected 

2128
02:01:21,200 --> 02:01:24,300
person. 
These techniques were 

2129
02:01:24,300 --> 02:01:26,800
sophisticated and based on a 
deep understanding of 

2130
02:01:26,800 --> 02:01:30,500
thermodynamics, even though the 
people using them had never 

2131
02:01:30,500 --> 02:01:34,600
heard the word thermodynamics. 
Movement shaped everything about

2132
02:01:34,600 --> 02:01:37,400
how you slept. 
If you were going to walk to a 

2133
02:01:37,400 --> 02:01:41,300
new location tomorrow, carrying 
everything you owned then 

2134
02:01:41,300 --> 02:01:44,200
tonight's sleeping arrangements 
had to account for that reality.

2135
02:01:45,000 --> 02:01:48,200
Your bedding needed to be 
portable your fire needed to be 

2136
02:01:48,208 --> 02:01:51,900
something you could abandon your
entire sleeping setup needed to 

2137
02:01:51,900 --> 02:01:54,700
pack up, quickly in the morning 
and unpack quickly in the 

2138
02:01:54,700 --> 02:01:57,800
evening. 
The nomadic Life Style followed 

2139
02:01:57,800 --> 02:02:02,800
resources game animals, fruiting
plants, water sources, and 

2140
02:02:02,800 --> 02:02:06,800
seasonal patterns. 
You moved when staying when 

2141
02:02:06,800 --> 02:02:09,900
scarcity and hardship. 
You stayed when the location 

2142
02:02:09,900 --> 02:02:13,300
provided abundance. 
This meant that some nights 

2143
02:02:13,300 --> 02:02:16,600
you'd camp in familiar spots, 
places your group had used 

2144
02:02:16,600 --> 02:02:20,900
before perhaps regularly. 
Other nights you'd camp in 

2145
02:02:20,900 --> 02:02:24,400
entirely new locations, reading 
the landscape quickly, to 

2146
02:02:24,400 --> 02:02:28,000
determine the best spot. 
Familiar camping spots 

2147
02:02:28,000 --> 02:02:30,200
accumulated, evidence of 
previous use. 

2148
02:02:31,000 --> 02:02:34,100
Firings of arranged Stones 
marked where others had built 

2149
02:02:34,100 --> 02:02:36,700
fires. 
Flattened areas showed where 

2150
02:02:36,700 --> 02:02:39,300
people had slept. 
Sometimes you'd find useful 

2151
02:02:39,300 --> 02:02:43,600
items Left Behind damaged tools.
Not worth carrying cached 

2152
02:02:43,600 --> 02:02:46,900
materials meant for a return, 
visit and where patterns that 

2153
02:02:46,900 --> 02:02:50,200
indicated, which directions 
people have moved in and out of 

2154
02:02:50,200 --> 02:02:53,200
the camp. 
These familiar spots became 

2155
02:02:53,200 --> 02:02:57,100
seasonal homes of a sort. 
Your group might return to the 

2156
02:02:57,100 --> 02:02:59,700
same Riverside Camp. 
Each spring to fish during 

2157
02:02:59,700 --> 02:03:02,900
spawning runs. 
You'd return to the same Oak 

2158
02:03:02,900 --> 02:03:05,300
Grove each of them to harvest a 
corns. 

2159
02:03:06,100 --> 02:03:09,200
The sleeping spots at these 
locations took on familiarity. 

2160
02:03:10,100 --> 02:03:12,700
You knew where to position 
yourself to avoid the morning 

2161
02:03:12,700 --> 02:03:16,300
sun in your eyes. 
He which area stayed driest 

2162
02:03:16,300 --> 02:03:18,800
during Reign. 
He knew where the ground was 

2163
02:03:18,800 --> 02:03:22,300
softest. 
Unfamiliar locations required 

2164
02:03:22,300 --> 02:03:25,700
more careful assessment. 
You'd arrived with a few hours 

2165
02:03:25,700 --> 02:03:29,100
of daylight remaining enough 
time to evaluate the area but 

2166
02:03:29,100 --> 02:03:30,700
not enough to be leisurely about
it. 

2167
02:03:31,500 --> 02:03:35,100
Water access was crucial. 
You needed to be near enough to 

2168
02:03:35,100 --> 02:03:38,700
gather water easily but not so 
close that you'd attract every 

2169
02:03:38,700 --> 02:03:41,700
animal in the area. 
Looking for a drink High. 

2170
02:03:41,700 --> 02:03:45,200
Ground was generally better than
low ground but not always it 

2171
02:03:45,200 --> 02:03:47,300
depended. 
On the weather, the season and 

2172
02:03:47,300 --> 02:03:51,200
the specific geography. 
Your daily routine became deeply

2173
02:03:51,200 --> 02:03:54,900
tied to these patterns, you'd 
wake with the Sun or shortly 

2174
02:03:54,900 --> 02:03:58,000
after having slept about as much
as your body needed. 

2175
02:03:59,300 --> 02:04:02,400
Morning, activities, included 
tending, the fire eating 

2176
02:04:02,400 --> 02:04:04,800
something and packing up your 
sleeping materials. 

2177
02:04:05,500 --> 02:04:09,600
Then you'd move walking toward 
your next destination Gathering 

2178
02:04:09,600 --> 02:04:13,000
food, and resources as you 
traveled, always watching for 

2179
02:04:13,000 --> 02:04:17,500
the next night's camping spot. 
Pace of nomadic travel was 

2180
02:04:17,500 --> 02:04:20,700
surprisingly relaxed. 
You weren't trying to cover 

2181
02:04:20,700 --> 02:04:23,400
maximum distance. 
You were trying to move through 

2182
02:04:23,400 --> 02:04:26,500
the landscape efficiently, 
taking advantage of what you 

2183
02:04:26,500 --> 02:04:30,000
found arriving at your next camp
with enough daylight to prepare 

2184
02:04:30,000 --> 02:04:32,200
properly. 
Some days you'd cover 

2185
02:04:32,200 --> 02:04:35,800
significant ground other days, 
you'd barely move at all. 

2186
02:04:35,800 --> 02:04:39,200
If you'd found a particularly 
Rich foraging area, Children 

2187
02:04:39,200 --> 02:04:41,400
complicated, this movement as 
children. 

2188
02:04:41,400 --> 02:04:45,000
Always complicate movement. 
The very young needed to be 

2189
02:04:45,000 --> 02:04:48,800
carried which limited how much 
other than adult could manage 

2190
02:04:49,800 --> 02:04:53,100
Older children could walk but 
tired more easily than adults, 

2191
02:04:53,100 --> 02:04:56,800
the group's Pace adjusted to 
accommodate its slowest members.

2192
02:04:56,800 --> 02:05:00,400
This meant that a group with 
many young children, moved more 

2193
02:05:00,400 --> 02:05:03,900
slowly and covered less distance
than a group of prime age 

2194
02:05:03,900 --> 02:05:07,200
adults. 
As evening approached whoever 

2195
02:05:07,200 --> 02:05:10,200
was leading or whoever had the 
most experience would start 

2196
02:05:10,200 --> 02:05:12,400
looking more intentionally for 
camping spots. 

2197
02:05:12,400 --> 02:05:16,300
They evaluate options as they 
walked making note of 

2198
02:05:16,308 --> 02:05:19,000
possibilities. 
When they found a good spot 

2199
02:05:19,000 --> 02:05:22,600
they'd indicate somehow maybe 
just stopping and starting to 

2200
02:05:22,600 --> 02:05:25,800
set down their burden maybe a 
gesture or word to the others. 

2201
02:05:27,500 --> 02:05:30,300
The group would Converge on this
spot and begin their evening 

2202
02:05:30,300 --> 02:05:33,200
routine. 
Unpacking happened in a practice

2203
02:05:33,200 --> 02:05:35,700
order. 
Sleeping materials came out 

2204
02:05:35,700 --> 02:05:38,300
first because they needed to be 
arranged before. 

2205
02:05:38,300 --> 02:05:41,800
Darkness made the task difficult
firewood needed Gathering 

2206
02:05:41,800 --> 02:05:43,900
though. 
You'd have collected some during

2207
02:05:43,900 --> 02:05:46,600
the day's walk. 
Food required preparation 

2208
02:05:46,600 --> 02:05:48,700
though. 
The method was often simple 

2209
02:05:48,700 --> 02:05:52,900
roasting meat or tubers in the 
fire eating whatever fruits or 

2210
02:05:52,900 --> 02:05:55,800
nuts you'd gathered. 
The routine was efficient 

2211
02:05:55,800 --> 02:05:57,700
because you've done it. 
Countless times before. 

2212
02:05:58,600 --> 02:06:01,300
The portability constraint meant
you couldn't accumulate much 

2213
02:06:01,300 --> 02:06:06,400
your sleeping hide or hide a few
tools, perhaps a container for 

2214
02:06:06,400 --> 02:06:09,500
water or gathered food. 
These constituted your 

2215
02:06:09,500 --> 02:06:12,100
possession. 
Anything else would be weight 

2216
02:06:12,100 --> 02:06:15,100
you'd have to carry tomorrow and
every day off after This 

2217
02:06:15,100 --> 02:06:19,300
enforced, minimalism shaped not 
just your material culture but 

2218
02:06:19,300 --> 02:06:22,500
also your mindset. 
You valued things differently 

2219
02:06:22,500 --> 02:06:23,900
when you had to carry them 
everywhere. 

2220
02:06:24,900 --> 02:06:28,300
Some groups cash to materials at
frequently use locations. 

2221
02:06:28,300 --> 02:06:33,400
You'd leave heavier items extra 
hides, larger tools, gathered 

2222
02:06:33,400 --> 02:06:37,000
materials like quality Stone 
hidden somewhere, you could find

2223
02:06:37,000 --> 02:06:40,200
them when you returned. 
This strategy required, good 

2224
02:06:40,200 --> 02:06:42,000
memory and landmarks that 
wouldn't change. 

2225
02:06:43,000 --> 02:06:46,900
Particular, rock formation a 
distinctive tree, a memorable, 

2226
02:06:46,900 --> 02:06:50,500
landscape feature. 
These became waypoints, not just

2227
02:06:50,500 --> 02:06:52,800
for navigation, but for resource
storage. 

2228
02:06:53,800 --> 02:06:57,300
Seasonal patterns meant, you 
didn't just wander randomly, you

2229
02:06:57,300 --> 02:07:00,600
followed established circuits. 
Moving through a known territory

2230
02:07:00,600 --> 02:07:03,100
in response to predictable 
resource of availability. 

2231
02:07:04,300 --> 02:07:06,300
Bring meant moving to particular
locations. 

2232
02:07:06,300 --> 02:07:08,000
Where certain plants would be 
ready. 

2233
02:07:08,900 --> 02:07:12,500
Summer mentioned shifting to 
follow animal Migration or to 

2234
02:07:12,500 --> 02:07:15,700
access high altitude areas that 
were impossible in winter. 

2235
02:07:16,900 --> 02:07:19,600
Autumn meant positioning 
yourself where you could Harvest

2236
02:07:19,600 --> 02:07:21,800
and store foods for the cold 
months. 

2237
02:07:22,800 --> 02:07:26,000
Winter meant finding the most 
sheltered locations and moving 

2238
02:07:26,000 --> 02:07:29,600
as little as possible. 
The social dynamics of nightly 

2239
02:07:29,600 --> 02:07:33,800
Camp setup were intricate who 
gathered wood, who prepared food

2240
02:07:33,800 --> 02:07:37,800
and who arranged sleeping areas.
These tasks were distributed 

2241
02:07:37,800 --> 02:07:42,300
based on age, gender individual 
capability and social 

2242
02:07:42,300 --> 02:07:44,900
relationships. 
The patterns varied between 

2243
02:07:44,900 --> 02:07:48,600
cultures and groups, but within 
any given group, people knew 

2244
02:07:48,600 --> 02:07:50,900
their roles and performed them 
without much discussion. 

2245
02:07:51,800 --> 02:07:55,600
Arguments certainly happened 
just as they happen in any human

2246
02:07:55,600 --> 02:07:59,000
group, someone might object to 
the chosen camping spot. 

2247
02:07:59,900 --> 02:08:02,400
Two people might want the same 
position by the fire. 

2248
02:08:02,400 --> 02:08:06,200
Resources might be distributed 
in ways that some perceive as 

2249
02:08:06,200 --> 02:08:08,700
unfair. 
But the mobility of the 

2250
02:08:08,700 --> 02:08:11,900
lifestyle meant that these 
conflicts, rarely escalated 

2251
02:08:11,900 --> 02:08:14,900
dramatically. 
Tomorrow, you'd be moving again 

2252
02:08:14,900 --> 02:08:18,200
positions would shift and 
circumstances would change. 

2253
02:08:19,600 --> 02:08:23,400
Long, after some humans settled 
into permanent homes, many 

2254
02:08:23,400 --> 02:08:26,000
cultures, maintain detailed 
knowledge about sleeping 

2255
02:08:26,000 --> 02:08:28,100
Outdoors. 
This knowledge was 

2256
02:08:28,100 --> 02:08:32,300
sophisticated, highly adapted to
local environments and 

2257
02:08:32,300 --> 02:08:35,500
represented thousands of years 
of accumulated wisdom. 

2258
02:08:35,500 --> 02:08:38,700
The expertise that indigenous 
people's developed about 

2259
02:08:38,700 --> 02:08:41,400
nighttime survival in their 
territories was remarkable. 

2260
02:08:42,300 --> 02:08:45,800
And deserves recognition beyond 
the simple label of primitive 

2261
02:08:45,800 --> 02:08:49,700
camping. 
In the Arctic where summer 

2262
02:08:49,700 --> 02:08:51,600
nights, barely got dark and 
winter nights. 

2263
02:08:51,600 --> 02:08:54,300
Barely got light. 
Sleeping arrangements had to 

2264
02:08:54,300 --> 02:08:57,700
account for extreme cold. 
The Inuit developed sleeping 

2265
02:08:57,700 --> 02:09:01,400
platforms, raised above the snow
surface knowing that the coldest

2266
02:09:01,400 --> 02:09:05,400
are settled low. 
They built snow houses igloos 

2267
02:09:05,400 --> 02:09:08,300
that trapped heat. 
So, effectively that interior 

2268
02:09:08,300 --> 02:09:11,000
temperatures could reach 
comfortable levels even when 

2269
02:09:11,000 --> 02:09:13,200
outside temperatures dropped to 
deadly cold. 

2270
02:09:14,100 --> 02:09:16,300
Their sleeping Arrangements 
Within These snow structures 

2271
02:09:16,300 --> 02:09:19,600
were precise. 
Family slept together on Caribou

2272
02:09:19,600 --> 02:09:23,300
High spread over the sleeping 
platform with more hides, 

2273
02:09:23,300 --> 02:09:27,100
layered on top body heat from 
multiple people trapped under 

2274
02:09:27,100 --> 02:09:29,900
Skin's created, a warm 
micro-environment. 

2275
02:09:30,700 --> 02:09:33,500
A slept naked or nearly. 
So because too many clothes 

2276
02:09:33,500 --> 02:09:36,200
would cause sweating and sweat 
would freeze. 

2277
02:09:36,200 --> 02:09:39,700
The knowledge of how to balance 
insulation body heat and 

2278
02:09:39,700 --> 02:09:43,800
moisture management was complex 
and life-saving. in tropical 

2279
02:09:43,800 --> 02:09:47,600
environments, the challenges 
were entirely different heat and

2280
02:09:47,600 --> 02:09:51,700
humidity with the enemies along 
with insect snakes and other 

2281
02:09:51,700 --> 02:09:53,000
creatures. 
That found humans. 

2282
02:09:53,000 --> 02:09:57,800
Interesting either as prey or as
annoyance is, Many rainforest 

2283
02:09:57,800 --> 02:10:00,600
cultures developed raced 
sleeping platforms that kept you

2284
02:10:00,608 --> 02:10:04,200
off the ground away from 
crawling things and allowed air 

2285
02:10:04,200 --> 02:10:06,300
circulation beneath you for 
cooling. 

2286
02:10:06,300 --> 02:10:09,600
These platforms were built, 
fresh each night or maintained 

2287
02:10:09,600 --> 02:10:11,400
it to established camping 
locations. 

2288
02:10:12,300 --> 02:10:15,900
Mosquito Nets, woven from plant 
fibers provided protection from 

2289
02:10:15,900 --> 02:10:18,100
biting insects without blocking 
airflow. 

2290
02:10:18,100 --> 02:10:21,300
The weaving had to be tight 
enough to exclude mosquitoes. 

2291
02:10:21,300 --> 02:10:24,000
But open enough to remain 
breathable in the humid Heat, 

2292
02:10:24,800 --> 02:10:27,600
Achieving this balance required 
skill and experience. 

2293
02:10:27,600 --> 02:10:31,500
Some cultures use smoked fires, 
positioned up wind of sleeping 

2294
02:10:31,500 --> 02:10:35,500
areas, accepting the discomfort 
of smoke in exchange for fewer 

2295
02:10:35,500 --> 02:10:37,900
insects. 
Desert people's developed 

2296
02:10:37,900 --> 02:10:41,600
entirely different expertise in 
regions where nighttime 

2297
02:10:41,600 --> 02:10:45,300
temperatures could plunge 40 or 
50 degrees from daytime highs 

2298
02:10:45,300 --> 02:10:47,900
where water was scared and were 
shelter. 

2299
02:10:47,900 --> 02:10:52,100
Materials were limited survival,
required understanding subtle, 

2300
02:10:52,100 --> 02:10:57,600
landscape features a dry. 
Riverbed might provide the only 

2301
02:10:57,600 --> 02:11:01,900
Windbreak for miles The side of 
the Dune facing away from 

2302
02:11:01,900 --> 02:11:05,200
prevailing, winds would be 
noticeably calmer a rock 

2303
02:11:05,200 --> 02:11:08,200
outcropping, could radiate 
stored heat for hours after 

2304
02:11:08,200 --> 02:11:11,500
sunset. 
The Bedouin perfected mobile 

2305
02:11:11,500 --> 02:11:15,500
shelter, that could be erected 
quickly and provided genuine 

2306
02:11:15,500 --> 02:11:18,500
protection from Sun wind and 
cold. 

2307
02:11:19,300 --> 02:11:22,100
Their black goat hair, tents 
could be struck and loaded on 

2308
02:11:22,100 --> 02:11:25,300
camels in minutes but provided 
livable space. 

2309
02:11:25,300 --> 02:11:28,600
When set up the sleeping 
Arrangements Within These tents,

2310
02:11:28,600 --> 02:11:32,900
followed social rules men's 
side, women side and positions 

2311
02:11:32,900 --> 02:11:35,900
determined by family 
relationships and social status.

2312
02:11:36,900 --> 02:11:40,800
And temperate forests, Native 
American groups, developed bark 

2313
02:11:40,800 --> 02:11:43,100
and height structures. 
That could be temporary or 

2314
02:11:43,100 --> 02:11:45,300
semi-permanent depending on the 
season and purpose. 

2315
02:11:46,200 --> 02:11:50,000
A quick lean to might serve for 
a single night when traveling a 

2316
02:11:50,000 --> 02:11:53,100
more substantial Wigwam or 
Lodge, might house a family for 

2317
02:11:53,100 --> 02:11:56,200
weeks or months. 
The knowledge of which trees 

2318
02:11:56,200 --> 02:12:00,000
provided the Best Bark for 
roofing, how to bend saplings 

2319
02:12:00,000 --> 02:12:03,800
into structural frames and how 
to position structures relative 

2320
02:12:03,800 --> 02:12:07,200
to prevailing winds? 
All of this was sophisticated 

2321
02:12:07,200 --> 02:12:11,700
architectural understanding 
Australian Aboriginal people's 

2322
02:12:11,700 --> 02:12:15,000
living across incredibly diverse
environments. 

2323
02:12:15,000 --> 02:12:18,900
Ranging from the tropical North 
to the temperate South to the 

2324
02:12:18,900 --> 02:12:22,600
Arid interior developed 
locations specific sleeping 

2325
02:12:22,600 --> 02:12:26,100
strategies in the desert. 
In interior windbreaks made from

2326
02:12:26,100 --> 02:12:29,700
brush and knowledge of Which 
rare spots held moisture for 

2327
02:12:29,700 --> 02:12:33,300
vegetation recreational. 
Along the coasts different 

2328
02:12:33,300 --> 02:12:36,600
considerations applied. 
The knowledge was detailed and 

2329
02:12:36,600 --> 02:12:40,100
specific to each area passed 
down through generations. 

2330
02:12:40,100 --> 02:12:43,800
Many indigenous groups, maintain
detailed knowledge about reading

2331
02:12:43,800 --> 02:12:46,800
weather signs and adjusting 
sleeping Arrangements 

2332
02:12:46,800 --> 02:12:50,000
accordingly. 
Certain cloud formations meant 

2333
02:12:50,000 --> 02:12:52,800
rain was coming. 
Particular, wind shifts, 

2334
02:12:52,800 --> 02:12:56,500
indicated temperature changes, 
animal behavior patterns, 

2335
02:12:56,500 --> 02:13:00,500
signaled, approaching storms. 
This knowledge allowed people to

2336
02:13:00,500 --> 02:13:04,000
prepare their sleeping areas 
before whether arrived rather 

2337
02:13:04,000 --> 02:13:07,900
than scrambling to adjust after 
getting soaked or caught in high

2338
02:13:07,900 --> 02:13:12,000
winds. 
The relationship with the night 

2339
02:13:12,000 --> 02:13:15,400
sky was intimate in ways that 
modern people rarely experience.

2340
02:13:16,300 --> 02:13:19,400
Without light pollution, the 
stars were sharp and bright. 

2341
02:13:20,300 --> 02:13:24,200
The Milky Way visible as a 
brilliant band, constellation's 

2342
02:13:24,200 --> 02:13:27,300
weren't just patterns but now 
navigation, tools calendars and 

2343
02:13:27,300 --> 02:13:31,200
storytelling devices. you 
learned to orient Yourself by 

2344
02:13:31,200 --> 02:13:36,200
stars to determine Direction 
even in unfamiliar territory and

2345
02:13:36,200 --> 02:13:40,300
to judge the time of night by 
Stellar positions, The moon's 

2346
02:13:40,300 --> 02:13:42,400
face is determined many 
activities. 

2347
02:13:42,400 --> 02:13:46,500
And affected sleeping patterns, 
full moons provided enough light

2348
02:13:46,500 --> 02:13:49,500
for extended evening, 
activities, or even nighttime 

2349
02:13:49,500 --> 02:13:53,400
travel in emergencies. 
New moons meant deeper darkness 

2350
02:13:53,400 --> 02:13:56,800
and earlier sleep. 
Some cultures had, elaborate 

2351
02:13:56,800 --> 02:13:58,700
lunar calendars and timed 
activities. 

2352
02:13:58,700 --> 02:14:03,400
Hunting Fishing Gathering 
celebrations to lunar phases. 

2353
02:14:04,300 --> 02:14:07,100
Night sounds and their 
interpretations represented, 

2354
02:14:07,100 --> 02:14:10,200
another layer of knowledge. 
You learned to distinguish 

2355
02:14:10,200 --> 02:14:13,600
between the normal sounds of 
nocturnal animals and sounds 

2356
02:14:13,600 --> 02:14:17,200
that indicated Danger. 
And abrupt silence in the 

2357
02:14:17,208 --> 02:14:19,800
normally noisy. 
Nighttime chorus meant a large 

2358
02:14:19,808 --> 02:14:23,300
Predator had passed through. 
Certain bird calls at night 

2359
02:14:23,300 --> 02:14:26,900
warned of approaching humans. 
The rustling patterns of small 

2360
02:14:26,900 --> 02:14:28,600
animals. 
Moving through vegetation 

2361
02:14:28,600 --> 02:14:31,100
differed from the rustling of 
larger creatures. 

2362
02:14:32,300 --> 02:14:35,200
Sleeping patterns in these 
cultures often differed from 

2363
02:14:35,200 --> 02:14:38,000
Modern 8 Hour blocks. 
Segmented. 

2364
02:14:38,000 --> 02:14:41,400
Sleep was common sleeping for 
several hours, waking for a 

2365
02:14:41,400 --> 02:14:43,500
period Then sleeping again until
morning. 

2366
02:14:44,400 --> 02:14:47,300
During wakeful periods, people 
might tend to various tasks 

2367
02:14:47,300 --> 02:14:51,200
engage in social activities or 
simply rest quietly. 

2368
02:14:52,700 --> 02:14:55,500
This pattern aligned with 
natural human sleep cycles, 

2369
02:14:55,500 --> 02:14:57,800
better than the Consolidated 
sleep schedule. 

2370
02:14:57,800 --> 02:15:02,000
Most modern people attempt to 
maintain Dreams held 

2371
02:15:02,000 --> 02:15:05,500
significance in many indigenous 
cultures and the sleeping 

2372
02:15:05,500 --> 02:15:08,100
environment was sometimes 
deliberately arranged to 

2373
02:15:08,100 --> 02:15:10,000
encourage particular types of 
Dreams. 

2374
02:15:11,000 --> 02:15:13,400
Certain locations were 
considered more conducive to 

2375
02:15:13,400 --> 02:15:16,700
meaningful dreams. 
Sleeping alone versus sleeping 

2376
02:15:16,700 --> 02:15:19,700
in a group affected, dream 
content and significance. 

2377
02:15:19,700 --> 02:15:23,200
People who sought Visions or 
spiritual experiences, often 

2378
02:15:23,200 --> 02:15:26,900
isolated themselves and slept in
specific locations chosen for 

2379
02:15:26,908 --> 02:15:30,600
their spiritual properties. 
The Practical knowledge of what 

2380
02:15:30,600 --> 02:15:33,000
materials worked. 
Best for sleeping Comfort was 

2381
02:15:33,000 --> 02:15:36,300
extensive. 
Some marks were too rough and 

2382
02:15:36,300 --> 02:15:39,800
would irritate skin. 
Some grasses attracted by biting

2383
02:15:39,800 --> 02:15:42,800
ants. 
Certain animals had Superior 

2384
02:15:42,800 --> 02:15:46,200
insulating properties. 
Pine, boughs arranged, just 

2385
02:15:46,200 --> 02:15:49,600
right created, excellent 
mattresses that were naturally 

2386
02:15:49,600 --> 02:15:53,800
resistant to Insects this 
knowledge was specific details, 

2387
02:15:53,800 --> 02:15:56,500
and based on generations of 
trial and error. 

2388
02:15:57,800 --> 02:15:59,900
Teaching these skills to 
Children happen through 

2389
02:15:59,900 --> 02:16:03,900
participation and observation 
rather than formal instruction, 

2390
02:16:03,900 --> 02:16:08,600
young children, slept near their
parents watching and absorbing 

2391
02:16:08,600 --> 02:16:11,800
the routines. 
As they grew older, they take on

2392
02:16:11,800 --> 02:16:16,600
more responsibilities gathering 
firewood, arranging materials, 

2393
02:16:16,600 --> 02:16:20,800
and helping to evaluate camping 
spots by adult hood, they 

2394
02:16:20,800 --> 02:16:22,400
possessed. 
Comprehensive knowledge, about 

2395
02:16:22,400 --> 02:16:24,600
sleeping safely, and comfortably
in their environment. 

2396
02:16:24,600 --> 02:16:29,300
Without anyone ever sitting them
down for explicit lessons, When 

2397
02:16:29,300 --> 02:16:32,799
humans organize themselves into 
armies and March to war, They 

2398
02:16:32,799 --> 02:16:35,900
Carried the fundamental need for
Sleep into dramatically 

2399
02:16:35,900 --> 02:16:40,000
different circumstances. 
Military camps, represented a 

2400
02:16:40,000 --> 02:16:42,100
particular variation on sleeping
outside. 

2401
02:16:43,000 --> 02:16:46,600
Temporary purpose-built 
constrained by tactical 

2402
02:16:46,600 --> 02:16:50,200
considerations, an organized 
around principles of security 

2403
02:16:50,200 --> 02:16:54,200
and hierarchy. 
Looking at how soldiers slept 

2404
02:16:54,200 --> 02:16:57,200
through history. 
Reveals both Universal human 

2405
02:16:57,200 --> 02:17:01,200
needs and the extreme 
adaptability Force by conflict. 

2406
02:17:02,100 --> 02:17:05,900
Roman Legions on campaign. 
Established camps with 

2407
02:17:05,900 --> 02:17:08,000
remarkable consistency and 
efficiency. 

2408
02:17:09,200 --> 02:17:12,900
After a day's March, the Army 
would stop and build a fortified

2409
02:17:12,900 --> 02:17:14,500
campus. 
Essentially, from scratch. 

2410
02:17:15,400 --> 02:17:18,600
Every Soldier knew exactly where
his units position would be 

2411
02:17:18,600 --> 02:17:21,600
within the camp play out. 
Surveyors would stake out the 

2412
02:17:21,600 --> 02:17:24,500
camp parameter while soldiers 
began digging defensive, 

2413
02:17:24,500 --> 02:17:27,200
ditches, and building ramparts 
from the excavated soil. 

2414
02:17:28,600 --> 02:17:31,299
The sleeping Arrangements within
these camps were minimal, but 

2415
02:17:31,299 --> 02:17:34,299
organized. 
Legionary slept in leather, 

2416
02:17:34,299 --> 02:17:38,700
tents, 8 men to attend the same 
8, who fought together as a 

2417
02:17:38,700 --> 02:17:41,400
unit. 
Each man carried part of the 

2418
02:17:41,400 --> 02:17:44,299
tent among his equipment. 
So the tent could only be 

2419
02:17:44,299 --> 02:17:46,400
erected when the whole unit was 
assembled. 

2420
02:17:47,200 --> 02:17:51,799
Inside the space was cramped. 
You'd sleep on the ground with 

2421
02:17:51,799 --> 02:17:54,400
whatever bedding. 
You could manage your cloak, 

2422
02:17:54,400 --> 02:17:58,000
perhaps or a simple hide, if 
you'd managed to acquire one. 

2423
02:17:59,100 --> 02:18:02,100
The Roman military sleeping 
schedule was segmented by 

2424
02:18:02,100 --> 02:18:05,500
watches soldiers. 
Took turns standing guard 

2425
02:18:05,500 --> 02:18:08,500
through the night rotating in 
and out of Duty. 

2426
02:18:08,500 --> 02:18:12,500
When you were on, watch, you 
slept but sleep was frequently. 

2427
02:18:12,500 --> 02:18:17,600
Interrupted alerts drills, 
enemy, attacks orders to move, 

2428
02:18:17,600 --> 02:18:20,100
anything could wait, you at any 
time? 

2429
02:18:20,100 --> 02:18:24,000
You learn to fall asleep quickly
and to function on whatever rest

2430
02:18:24,000 --> 02:18:27,000
you could grab. 
Medieval armies operated with 

2431
02:18:27,000 --> 02:18:30,100
less systematic organization, 
but similar constraints. 

2432
02:18:30,900 --> 02:18:33,100
Nights might have tents with 
some comfort. 

2433
02:18:33,100 --> 02:18:36,100
Actual cots, and more 
substantial bedding. 

2434
02:18:36,799 --> 02:18:38,900
Common soldiers would shelter 
under whatever. 

2435
02:18:38,900 --> 02:18:42,799
They could contrive lean tools 
made from Shields and cloaks 

2436
02:18:42,799 --> 02:18:47,299
shared shelters cobbled together
from available materials or 

2437
02:18:47,299 --> 02:18:49,299
nothing at all. 
If the weather was mild in the 

2438
02:18:49,299 --> 02:18:53,500
Tactical situation urgent, 
Sleeping in armor, was sometimes

2439
02:18:53,500 --> 02:18:55,400
necessary for an attack seemed 
imminent. 

2440
02:18:56,299 --> 02:18:59,400
Full plate, armor made actual 
sleep nearly impossible, but 

2441
02:18:59,400 --> 02:19:02,200
male could be endured if you 
were desperate or disciplined 

2442
02:19:02,200 --> 02:19:04,900
enough. 
More commonly soldiers would 

2443
02:19:04,900 --> 02:19:07,400
keep Armour clothes and 
partially prepared, so they 

2444
02:19:07,400 --> 02:19:10,600
could arm themselves quickly if 
roused, the balance between 

2445
02:19:10,600 --> 02:19:13,600
Readiness and rest was constant 
and stressful. 

2446
02:19:14,600 --> 02:19:17,500
The Mongol armies that conquered
much of the Known World in the 

2447
02:19:17,500 --> 02:19:20,600
13th century. 
Slept in ways that matched their

2448
02:19:20,600 --> 02:19:24,500
nomadic heritage. 
They used felt tents jurors or 

2449
02:19:24,508 --> 02:19:28,100
Yurts, that could be erected 
quickly and provided excellent 

2450
02:19:28,100 --> 02:19:31,100
insulation. 
When moving fast during 

2451
02:19:31,100 --> 02:19:34,600
campaigns, they sleep in the 
open rolled in felt blankets, 

2452
02:19:34,600 --> 02:19:39,500
their horses tied nearby. 
The ability to sleep lightly and

2453
02:19:39,500 --> 02:19:42,200
wait, ready to ride was 
essential to their military 

2454
02:19:42,200 --> 02:19:45,900
success, Napoleonic armies. 
In the early 19th century 

2455
02:19:45,900 --> 02:19:49,400
marched across Europe. 
With enormous baggage trains 

2456
02:19:49,400 --> 02:19:53,500
that included, tents, Camp 
Equipment and supply wagons. 

2457
02:19:54,500 --> 02:19:57,500
Officers maintained relatively 
comfortable accommodations 

2458
02:19:57,500 --> 02:20:01,400
regular soldiers crowded into 
small tents or slept in the 

2459
02:20:01,400 --> 02:20:05,000
open, depending on supply of 
availability, and the pace of 

2460
02:20:05,000 --> 02:20:08,500
campaign movements. 
The famous image of Napoleon's 

2461
02:20:08,500 --> 02:20:12,300
Army retreating from Russia, in 
Winter includes thousands of men

2462
02:20:12,300 --> 02:20:15,800
sleeping in the snow freezing to
death in their sleep because 

2463
02:20:15,800 --> 02:20:17,600
they simply had no better 
option. 

2464
02:20:18,800 --> 02:20:21,900
The American Civil Wars or 
armies of hundreds of thousands 

2465
02:20:21,900 --> 02:20:24,900
living in temporary camps for 
months at a time between 

2466
02:20:24,900 --> 02:20:27,800
battles. 
Camps became semi-permanent 

2467
02:20:27,800 --> 02:20:31,500
towns with streets organization 
and routine. 

2468
02:20:32,200 --> 02:20:36,900
Soldiers, slept in small, canvas
tents pop tents that provided 

2469
02:20:36,900 --> 02:20:40,600
minimal shelter. 
Two men, shared each tent. 

2470
02:20:40,600 --> 02:20:44,000
Combining their tent halves to 
create one shelter. 

2471
02:20:45,100 --> 02:20:48,100
You dig a shallow trench around 
your tent to channel away, 

2472
02:20:48,100 --> 02:20:51,700
rainwater learned to position 
yourself, where leaks release 

2473
02:20:51,700 --> 02:20:56,100
lightly and accept dampness and 
discomfort as normal conditions.

2474
02:20:57,000 --> 02:21:00,700
Winter camps were different 
armies would build, log Huts, 

2475
02:21:00,700 --> 02:21:04,200
digging the floor, level below 
ground for better insulation. 

2476
02:21:04,200 --> 02:21:08,900
Constructing, crude fireplaces, 
from mud, and sticks and 

2477
02:21:08,900 --> 02:21:11,400
covering roofs with canvas tent 
sections. 

2478
02:21:11,400 --> 02:21:15,200
He's Huts were crowded, a dozen 
men, might share a space. 

2479
02:21:15,200 --> 02:21:18,400
That would be tight for four, 
but they provided genuine 

2480
02:21:18,400 --> 02:21:21,500
shelter from winter weather. 
You'd sleep on a rough wooden 

2481
02:21:21,500 --> 02:21:24,000
bunks. 
Sometimes with straw mattresses.

2482
02:21:24,000 --> 02:21:28,600
If you were lucky more often 
just on boards, World War One 

2483
02:21:28,600 --> 02:21:31,900
introduced in industrial scale, 
military sleeping Arrangements. 

2484
02:21:32,700 --> 02:21:35,400
Trenches became homes for months
or years. 

2485
02:21:36,200 --> 02:21:40,700
Dugouts excavated shelters in 
the trench walls, provided 

2486
02:21:40,700 --> 02:21:43,700
sleeping quarters. 
That were damp, cold, and 

2487
02:21:43,700 --> 02:21:46,800
infested with rats and lice, but
offered protection from 

2488
02:21:46,800 --> 02:21:49,600
shelling. 
You'd sleep in shifts. 

2489
02:21:50,300 --> 02:21:54,000
Always partially dressed. 
Always ready to respond to 

2490
02:21:54,000 --> 02:21:56,700
alerts. 
The noise of artillery was 

2491
02:21:56,700 --> 02:22:00,300
constant. 
Sleep happened in exhausted 

2492
02:22:00,300 --> 02:22:03,900
fragments between periods of 
intense, fear and activity. 

2493
02:22:05,100 --> 02:22:08,500
World War Two saw mechanized 
armies moving across vast 

2494
02:22:08,500 --> 02:22:14,700
distances. soldiers, slept in 
tanks in foxholes in bombed out,

2495
02:22:14,708 --> 02:22:18,600
buildings, intense, wherever 
they found themselves, when 

2496
02:22:18,600 --> 02:22:22,800
exhausted and demanded, rest, 
the ability to sleep anywhere 

2497
02:22:22,800 --> 02:22:28,000
anytime in any conditions became
a survival skill, Veterans would

2498
02:22:28,000 --> 02:22:31,100
later describe falling asleep. 
While walking while sitting 

2499
02:22:31,100 --> 02:22:35,400
upright, and during LOLs and 
combat, the modern military has 

2500
02:22:35,400 --> 02:22:38,400
made some efforts to improve 
sleeping conditions for deployed

2501
02:22:38,400 --> 02:22:42,900
forces recognizing that sleep 
deprivation degrades combat. 

2502
02:22:42,900 --> 02:22:46,400
Effectiveness, Forward. 
Operating bases, might include 

2503
02:22:46,400 --> 02:22:50,900
climate controlled tents, actual
cots and some measure of privacy

2504
02:22:50,900 --> 02:22:54,000
and comfort. 
But soldiers on patrol on 

2505
02:22:54,000 --> 02:22:56,000
missions. 
And in tactical situations, 

2506
02:22:56,000 --> 02:23:00,500
still sleep in the dirt in 
vehicles or in whatever. 

2507
02:23:00,500 --> 02:23:03,600
Cover is available, maintaining 
the ancient tradition of 

2508
02:23:03,600 --> 02:23:07,800
Warriors making do with whatever
circumstances allow Through all 

2509
02:23:07,800 --> 02:23:10,700
these errors and armies certain 
patterns held constant. 

2510
02:23:11,400 --> 02:23:15,900
Soldiers, learn to sleep, likely
to wake it unusual sounds and to

2511
02:23:15,900 --> 02:23:19,000
grab rest whenever possible. 
They learned to make minimal 

2512
02:23:19,000 --> 02:23:21,300
bedding. 
Provide maximum Comfort through 

2513
02:23:21,300 --> 02:23:24,300
careful Arrangement, they 
learned to sleep despite 

2514
02:23:24,300 --> 02:23:28,200
discomfort fear noise, cold 
heat, and hunger. 

2515
02:23:29,000 --> 02:23:31,900
The military refined sleeping 
outside down to its absolute 

2516
02:23:31,900 --> 02:23:36,500
minimum, you closed your eyes, 
your body demanded rest and you 

2517
02:23:36,500 --> 02:23:38,700
slept where the conditions were 
favorable or not. 

2518
02:23:39,800 --> 02:23:42,700
The hierarchy of sleeping 
Arrangements in military camps, 

2519
02:23:42,700 --> 02:23:45,200
always reflected broader social 
hierarchies. 

2520
02:23:46,300 --> 02:23:49,300
General slept in relative 
Comfort, Inn larger tents with 

2521
02:23:49,300 --> 02:23:53,300
Furniture officers had better 
accommodations than in enlisted 

2522
02:23:53,300 --> 02:23:58,200
men. ranked determined who slept
under shelter and who slept 

2523
02:23:58,200 --> 02:24:03,600
exposed, who got bedding, and 
who made do without This 

2524
02:24:03,600 --> 02:24:06,300
inequality was accepted as part 
of the military structure 

2525
02:24:06,300 --> 02:24:09,500
though, it certainly bred 
resentment among those sleeping 

2526
02:24:09,500 --> 02:24:13,600
cold and exposed while their 
commanders rested, warm and dry.

2527
02:24:16,000 --> 02:24:19,200
Understanding how humans 
actually slept before modern 

2528
02:24:19,200 --> 02:24:23,000
lighting and schedules, require 
setting aside assumptions about 

2529
02:24:23,000 --> 02:24:26,900
8, Hour blocks of continuous 
unconsciousness, your ancestors 

2530
02:24:26,900 --> 02:24:30,100
sleep patterns were different 
and in many ways, more aligned 

2531
02:24:30,100 --> 02:24:33,800
with natural human biology. 
The way you were built to sleep.

2532
02:24:33,800 --> 02:24:36,200
Doesn't match how you're 
expected to sleep in Modern 

2533
02:24:36,200 --> 02:24:39,600
Life. and looking at historical 
patterns, reveals this 

2534
02:24:39,600 --> 02:24:43,900
disconnect, clearly Without 
artificial light, your sleep 

2535
02:24:43,900 --> 02:24:47,300
wake cycle, followed solar 
patterns, more directly in 

2536
02:24:47,300 --> 02:24:49,300
summer. 
When days were long, you'd sleep

2537
02:24:49,300 --> 02:24:53,000
less in winter when night 
stretched on you'd sleep. 

2538
02:24:53,000 --> 02:24:57,300
More this seasonal variation in 
sleep duration was normal and 

2539
02:24:57,300 --> 02:25:01,400
healthy. your body naturally 
wanted more rest when darkness, 

2540
02:25:01,400 --> 02:25:05,400
dominated and less rest when 
sunlight extended your active 

2541
02:25:05,400 --> 02:25:09,600
hours, The two sleep pattern 
mentioned earlier for sleep and 

2542
02:25:09,600 --> 02:25:12,800
second sleep with a wakeful 
period between deserves deeper 

2543
02:25:12,800 --> 02:25:16,400
examination. 
Historical references to this 

2544
02:25:16,400 --> 02:25:19,200
pattern appear across multiple 
cultures and time periods. 

2545
02:25:20,100 --> 02:25:22,600
People would sleep for three or 
four hours after dark. 

2546
02:25:22,600 --> 02:25:26,100
Wait for one or two hours around
midnight, then sleep again until

2547
02:25:26,100 --> 02:25:28,300
morning during the wakeful 
period. 

2548
02:25:28,300 --> 02:25:31,400
They'd engage in various 
activities, quiet, work, 

2549
02:25:31,400 --> 02:25:35,500
conversation, prayer, intimate 
time with partners and 

2550
02:25:35,500 --> 02:25:38,400
reflection. 
This pattern wasn't considered 

2551
02:25:38,400 --> 02:25:42,800
unusual or pathological. 
It was simply how sleep worked. 

2552
02:25:43,400 --> 02:25:46,300
The period of wakefulness was 
even named and discussed 

2553
02:25:46,300 --> 02:25:48,900
casually in writing from 
pre-industrial times. 

2554
02:25:50,300 --> 02:25:53,000
Only with the Advent of 
efficient artificial lighting 

2555
02:25:53,000 --> 02:25:56,600
and Industrial schedules, did 
the expectation of Consolidated 

2556
02:25:56,600 --> 02:26:00,900
sleep become dominant. 
Suddenly waking in the middle of

2557
02:26:00,900 --> 02:26:04,700
the night was considered 
insomnia, a problem to be 

2558
02:26:04,700 --> 02:26:07,700
solved, rather than a natural 
pattern to be accepted. 

2559
02:26:08,700 --> 02:26:12,400
Your body temperature drops 
during sleep lowest in the early

2560
02:26:12,400 --> 02:26:15,300
morning hours. 
Without central heating. 

2561
02:26:15,300 --> 02:26:18,700
This meant you'd naturally wake,
as you got cold 10, the fire, 

2562
02:26:18,700 --> 02:26:21,500
warm yourself and then return to
sleep. 

2563
02:26:23,300 --> 02:26:26,200
The temperature cycle and the 
Sleep Cycle reinforced each 

2564
02:26:26,200 --> 02:26:30,200
other modern climate control 
eliminates this trigger allowing

2565
02:26:30,200 --> 02:26:33,400
uninterrupted sleep at all 
disrupting the natural rhythm. 

2566
02:26:34,400 --> 02:26:37,400
Sleep depth varied through the 
night in ways that made sense 

2567
02:26:37,400 --> 02:26:40,100
for survival. 
You'd sleep more lightly in the 

2568
02:26:40,108 --> 02:26:43,300
early part of the night when 
Predators were most active and 

2569
02:26:43,300 --> 02:26:46,400
threats. 
Most likely Deeper sleep came 

2570
02:26:46,400 --> 02:26:49,600
later in the pre-dawn hours when
the world was quieter. 

2571
02:26:50,300 --> 02:26:53,000
This pattern meant you were more
responsive to Danger during 

2572
02:26:53,000 --> 02:26:56,600
high-risk periods and could get 
restorative deep sleep during 

2573
02:26:56,600 --> 02:27:00,100
safer hours. 
The sounds of the night created 

2574
02:27:00,100 --> 02:27:02,600
a soundscape that you're 
sleeping brain monitored 

2575
02:27:02,600 --> 02:27:06,500
constantly. 
Familiar sounds wind in trees 

2576
02:27:06,500 --> 02:27:10,100
distant, animal calls, the 
crackle of the fire could 

2577
02:27:10,100 --> 02:27:15,100
continue without waking you. 
Unusual sounds something large 

2578
02:27:15,100 --> 02:27:20,400
moving nearby unfamiliar calls 
sudden silents would trigger 

2579
02:27:20,400 --> 02:27:23,700
alertness. 
Your brain sorted sounds all 

2580
02:27:23,700 --> 02:27:27,400
night deciding what required 
attention and what could be 

2581
02:27:27,400 --> 02:27:30,500
ignored. 
Dreams in outdoor sleeping 

2582
02:27:30,500 --> 02:27:33,300
conditions, had different 
qualities than modern dreams. 

2583
02:27:33,300 --> 02:27:36,200
Some researchers suggest that 
the periods of wakefulness 

2584
02:27:36,200 --> 02:27:40,100
between sleep cycles allowed for
better dream recall. 

2585
02:27:40,800 --> 02:27:44,900
You'd wake from a dream, like 
quietly processing, it, perhaps,

2586
02:27:44,900 --> 02:27:48,700
discuss it with others who were 
all awake, then return to sleep.

2587
02:27:49,700 --> 02:27:52,800
This created a different 
relationship with dream content 

2588
02:27:52,800 --> 02:27:55,400
than the modern pattern of 
sleeping through dreams and 

2589
02:27:55,400 --> 02:27:59,300
getting them by morning. 
The moon cycle affected, sleep 

2590
02:27:59,300 --> 02:28:03,900
patterns measurably during full 
moons, Knights were brighter and

2591
02:28:03,900 --> 02:28:07,500
people stayed active later. 
New moons, brought darker 

2592
02:28:07,500 --> 02:28:10,900
Knights and earlier sleep. 
Some studies of modern people 

2593
02:28:10,900 --> 02:28:12,800
living without artificial light 
show. 

2594
02:28:12,800 --> 02:28:16,500
They naturally shift their sleep
schedules by as much as an hour 

2595
02:28:16,500 --> 02:28:19,700
across the lunar cycle. 
Staying up later when the moon 

2596
02:28:19,700 --> 02:28:23,500
provides more light. 
Seasonal affective patterns were

2597
02:28:23,500 --> 02:28:26,800
probably more pronounced when 
humans lived entirely Outdoors 

2598
02:28:26,800 --> 02:28:29,200
or in minimally sheltered 
conditions. 

2599
02:28:30,900 --> 02:28:34,400
The reduced sunlight of winter 
triggered by a logical changes 

2600
02:28:34,400 --> 02:28:37,600
that increase sleep. 
Need and shifted moods without 

2601
02:28:37,600 --> 02:28:40,500
understanding the mechanism. 
Your ancestors would have 

2602
02:28:40,500 --> 02:28:42,600
noticed that winter made them 
want to rest more. 

2603
02:28:43,200 --> 02:28:45,700
And they'd have accommodated 
this natural inclination. 

2604
02:28:46,700 --> 02:28:50,500
Sleeping in groups affected 
individual sleep patterns, the 

2605
02:28:50,500 --> 02:28:52,800
presence of other breathing 
bodies created a rhythm of 

2606
02:28:52,800 --> 02:28:55,600
sound. 
Someone shifting position would 

2607
02:28:55,600 --> 02:28:57,300
sometimes trigger others to 
shift. 

2608
02:28:58,100 --> 02:29:01,400
The combined body heat of 
multiple people sleeping close 

2609
02:29:01,400 --> 02:29:04,200
together. 
Kept everyone warmer than they'd

2610
02:29:04,200 --> 02:29:07,100
be alone. 
He'd synchronize some with those

2611
02:29:07,100 --> 02:29:10,700
around you, though, individual 
variation meant, you'd never all

2612
02:29:10,700 --> 02:29:13,700
be at exactly the same sleep 
stage simultaneously. 

2613
02:29:15,100 --> 02:29:17,300
Napping was common. 
When your schedule wasn't 

2614
02:29:17,300 --> 02:29:21,000
constrained by industrial time 
if you'd been awake for several 

2615
02:29:21,000 --> 02:29:23,400
hours after Dawn and felt tired,
you'd rest. 

2616
02:29:24,300 --> 02:29:27,300
Midday heat in many climates 
made napping sensible. 

2617
02:29:27,300 --> 02:29:30,900
You'd avoid the hottest hours by
sleeping through them, this 

2618
02:29:30,900 --> 02:29:34,300
polyphasic, sleep pattern with a
main sleep period at night, plus

2619
02:29:34,300 --> 02:29:36,900
daytime naps. 
It was normal in many cultures 

2620
02:29:36,900 --> 02:29:40,200
and remains common in areas 
without strong Industrial. 

2621
02:29:42,300 --> 02:29:45,600
You need for sleep, very with 
age in ways that Outdoor Living 

2622
02:29:45,600 --> 02:29:49,400
accommodated naturally. 
Children slept more and needed 

2623
02:29:49,400 --> 02:29:53,400
more protection while sleeping. 
Adolescents naturally, shifted 

2624
02:29:53,400 --> 02:29:55,300
toward later, sleep and wake 
times. 

2625
02:29:56,100 --> 02:29:58,300
Pattern. 
The calls no problems when 

2626
02:29:58,300 --> 02:30:00,600
morning activities. 
Could start whenever people were

2627
02:30:00,600 --> 02:30:03,400
ready. 
Elderly, people often step less 

2628
02:30:03,400 --> 02:30:06,600
at night, but more during the 
day and this pattern was 

2629
02:30:06,600 --> 02:30:10,700
accepted without judgement. 
Physical exhaustion, affected 

2630
02:30:10,700 --> 02:30:12,800
sleep differently than mental 
exhaustion. 

2631
02:30:13,600 --> 02:30:15,800
After a day of hard, physical 
work. 

2632
02:30:15,800 --> 02:30:18,800
Walking miles hunting Gathering 
and processing food. 

2633
02:30:18,800 --> 02:30:23,200
You'd fall asleep quickly and 
sleep deeply, your body needed 

2634
02:30:23,200 --> 02:30:26,900
recovery time and it took it 
efficiently, mental stress 

2635
02:30:26,900 --> 02:30:29,700
without physical exhaustion, 
created more troubled sleep. 

2636
02:30:29,700 --> 02:30:33,500
But since most days included 
substantial physical activity, 

2637
02:30:33,500 --> 02:30:36,900
this was less common than in 
modern sedentary lifestyles. 

2638
02:30:37,800 --> 02:30:40,900
The gradual transition into 
sleep and the gradual transition

2639
02:30:40,900 --> 02:30:44,000
out of it were much longer 
before artificial lighting 

2640
02:30:44,000 --> 02:30:45,700
compressed, our evening and 
mornings. 

2641
02:30:46,600 --> 02:30:49,700
You'd spend an hour or more in 
The Drowsy State between waking 

2642
02:30:49,700 --> 02:30:53,700
and sleeping as the fire died 
down and darkness settled, 

2643
02:30:53,700 --> 02:30:57,000
completely. 
Mourning would bring an equally 

2644
02:30:57,000 --> 02:31:00,100
gradual waking as lighting 
crease to the world around you 

2645
02:31:00,100 --> 02:31:03,200
became active. 
These transition periods were 

2646
02:31:03,200 --> 02:31:05,600
part of the Sleep experience, 
not separate from it. 

2647
02:31:06,400 --> 02:31:09,200
Sleeping outside meant sleeping 
through whether and whether 

2648
02:31:09,200 --> 02:31:11,300
didn't care about your comfort 
or survival. 

2649
02:31:12,100 --> 02:31:18,000
Rain, wind snow heat, cold 
storms. 

2650
02:31:18,000 --> 02:31:21,700
You experience, all of it, more 
directly than you ever will in 

2651
02:31:21,700 --> 02:31:25,200
your climate control house. 
The adaptations humans developed

2652
02:31:25,200 --> 02:31:26,900
for sleeping. 
Through weather conditions, were

2653
02:31:26,900 --> 02:31:29,000
often in genius and always 
necessary. 

2654
02:31:29,900 --> 02:31:32,400
Rain was perhaps the most common
weather challenge. 

2655
02:31:33,300 --> 02:31:36,100
Getting soaked, while trying to 
sleep was miserable and 

2656
02:31:36,100 --> 02:31:38,900
potentially dangerous. 
Wet bedding. 

2657
02:31:38,900 --> 02:31:43,300
Lost its insulating properties 
wet, clothes against your skin 

2658
02:31:43,300 --> 02:31:47,600
would Leach away body heat. 
The simplest rain protection was

2659
02:31:47,600 --> 02:31:52,200
Finding natural shelter 
overhanging rocks, dense tree, 

2660
02:31:52,200 --> 02:31:56,300
canopies and Cave entrances. 
These features were valuable 

2661
02:31:56,300 --> 02:31:59,400
enough that camping spots with 
good natural rain protection 

2662
02:31:59,400 --> 02:32:03,300
would be used repeatedly. 
When natural shelter wasn't 

2663
02:32:03,300 --> 02:32:05,800
available, you'd build temporary
protection. 

2664
02:32:06,900 --> 02:32:10,000
A lean to structure made from 
branches and covered with large 

2665
02:32:10,000 --> 02:32:12,200
leaves or bark. 
Could shed water reasonably 

2666
02:32:12,200 --> 02:32:15,100
well. 
The key was creating a sloped 

2667
02:32:15,100 --> 02:32:18,500
surface that encouraged water to
run off rather than seep through

2668
02:32:18,500 --> 02:32:21,700
you'd position yourself. 
Uphill from your fire to keep 

2669
02:32:21,700 --> 02:32:24,900
smoke from blowing directly into
your shell, to while still 

2670
02:32:24,908 --> 02:32:28,800
receiving some warmth and Light.
Wind could be more problematic 

2671
02:32:28,800 --> 02:32:32,600
than rain, in some ways. 
Strong wind made maintaining a 

2672
02:32:32,608 --> 02:32:36,500
fire difficult at the very time 
when you most needed fire for 

2673
02:32:36,500 --> 02:32:39,300
warmth. 
Wind found its way into any 

2674
02:32:39,300 --> 02:32:43,300
shelter creating drafts that 
defeated your best efforts at 

2675
02:32:43,308 --> 02:32:48,100
insulation. wind breaks became 
essential positioning yourself 

2676
02:32:48,100 --> 02:32:53,600
behind rocks, using banked Earth
or snow in creating walls from 

2677
02:32:53,600 --> 02:32:57,900
branches and vegetation The 
effort invested in Wind 

2678
02:32:57,900 --> 02:32:59,900
protection, paid off in comfort 
and survival. 

2679
02:33:01,000 --> 02:33:03,700
Cold weather sleeping required 
multiple strategies. 

2680
02:33:04,500 --> 02:33:07,400
Building fires, both reflected 
heat toward your sleeping 

2681
02:33:07,400 --> 02:33:11,000
position and indicated the 
direction of heat flow. 

2682
02:33:12,100 --> 02:33:16,300
A back reflector a wall of rocks
or banked Earth behind your fire

2683
02:33:16,300 --> 02:33:20,000
bounce heat that would otherwise
radiate wastefully Into the 

2684
02:33:20,000 --> 02:33:22,700
Night. 
You'd sleep between the fire and

2685
02:33:22,700 --> 02:33:25,900
the reflector receiving warmth 
from both directions. 

2686
02:33:25,900 --> 02:33:30,300
This nearly doubled the heating 
efficiency of your fire smoke 

2687
02:33:30,300 --> 02:33:32,100
camping was its own specialized 
skill. 

2688
02:33:33,100 --> 02:33:36,600
Snow when properly used 
provided, excellent insulation. 

2689
02:33:37,400 --> 02:33:40,600
You could dig into snowbanks to 
create shelters that were warm 

2690
02:33:40,600 --> 02:33:43,600
and surface camps. 
You could build snow walls 

2691
02:33:43,600 --> 02:33:46,600
around your sleeping area. 
You could pile snow over your 

2692
02:33:46,600 --> 02:33:50,900
shelter for added insulation. 
The Inuit Igloo was the ultimate

2693
02:33:50,900 --> 02:33:54,700
expression of this knowledge. 
Structure made entirely of snow,

2694
02:33:54,700 --> 02:33:57,900
that could be warmer inside than
most other shelters available in

2695
02:33:57,900 --> 02:34:01,200
the article. 
The danger of cold weather sleep

2696
02:34:01,200 --> 02:34:03,800
was a subtle temperature drop as
the night progressed. 

2697
02:34:04,500 --> 02:34:07,600
You might go to sleep feeling 
comfortable but wake hours later

2698
02:34:07,600 --> 02:34:10,900
dangerously cold. 
Preventing this required, 

2699
02:34:10,900 --> 02:34:13,700
maintaining your fire through 
the night or using insulation 

2700
02:34:13,700 --> 02:34:15,800
that didn't depend on external 
heat sources. 

2701
02:34:16,700 --> 02:34:19,700
Huddling with others, for shared
body, heat was common and 

2702
02:34:19,700 --> 02:34:22,800
effective. 
Modesty concerns were secondary 

2703
02:34:22,800 --> 02:34:25,100
to survival, hot weather 
created. 

2704
02:34:25,100 --> 02:34:28,500
The opposite problem, you needed
to stay cool, rather than warm, 

2705
02:34:28,500 --> 02:34:32,300
which meant different shelters 
strategies, you wanted airflow 

2706
02:34:32,300 --> 02:34:36,200
shade and ideally some thermal 
Mass to moderate temperature. 

2707
02:34:37,300 --> 02:34:40,400
Sleeping near water provided 
cooler are sleeping. 

2708
02:34:40,400 --> 02:34:43,200
On raised platforms allowed. 
Air circulation beneath you. 

2709
02:34:43,900 --> 02:34:47,400
In extreme desert heat. 
Some cultures would dampen this 

2710
02:34:47,400 --> 02:34:50,900
sleeping surfaces in the evening
using evaporative cooling to 

2711
02:34:50,900 --> 02:34:53,900
make rest possible. 
Humidity affected. 

2712
02:34:53,900 --> 02:34:55,700
Comfort independently of 
temperature. 

2713
02:34:55,700 --> 02:35:00,200
High humidity made hot weather. 
Feel oppressive and prevented 

2714
02:35:00,200 --> 02:35:02,100
swept from evaporating 
efficiently. 

2715
02:35:03,100 --> 02:35:06,300
It made cold weather feel 
colder, because dampier 

2716
02:35:06,300 --> 02:35:09,700
conducted heat away from your 
body more quickly than dry air. 

2717
02:35:10,600 --> 02:35:13,800
Sleeping in humid conditions, 
required different strategies, 

2718
02:35:13,800 --> 02:35:17,700
more attention to Elevation and 
airflow in hot, humid weather 

2719
02:35:17,700 --> 02:35:21,400
and more careful management of 
moisture and cold humid 

2720
02:35:21,400 --> 02:35:24,900
conditions. 
Thunderstorms presented real 

2721
02:35:24,900 --> 02:35:27,900
Danger. 
Lightning could strike trees 

2722
02:35:27,900 --> 02:35:30,800
potentially killing anyone. 
Sleeping beneath them. 

2723
02:35:30,800 --> 02:35:33,600
Heavy. 
Rain could turn dry washers into

2724
02:35:33,600 --> 02:35:35,400
dangerous. 
Flash floods in minutes. 

2725
02:35:36,300 --> 02:35:38,800
High winds could send branches 
crashing down. 

2726
02:35:38,800 --> 02:35:43,100
You learn to read storm signs 
and prepare accordingly moving 

2727
02:35:43,100 --> 02:35:45,200
away from tall. 
Isolated trees. 

2728
02:35:45,200 --> 02:35:49,300
Avoiding low-lying areas prone 
to flooding and securing loose. 

2729
02:35:49,300 --> 02:35:51,300
Materials. 
That wind might catch 

2730
02:35:52,400 --> 02:35:56,000
psychological aspect of whether 
was significant, Sleeping 

2731
02:35:56,000 --> 02:35:59,000
through a storm required, 
trusting your preparations and 

2732
02:35:59,000 --> 02:36:01,400
accepting some level of 
discomfort and risk. 

2733
02:36:02,200 --> 02:36:06,200
Children had to learn this trust
adults had to maintain composure

2734
02:36:06,200 --> 02:36:09,400
to keep the group calm. 
The sounds of heavy weather, 

2735
02:36:09,400 --> 02:36:13,900
Thunder Wind, howling wind, 
pounding, could be frightening 

2736
02:36:13,900 --> 02:36:18,200
even when you were objectively, 
safe, Seasonal adaptation and 

2737
02:36:18,200 --> 02:36:20,300
changing your camping strategies
through the year. 

2738
02:36:21,300 --> 02:36:25,000
Summer camps might prioritize 
shade and water, access winter 

2739
02:36:25,000 --> 02:36:28,700
camps needed maximum sun 
exposure during the day and 

2740
02:36:28,700 --> 02:36:32,100
protection from cold wind at 
night spring and Autumn had 

2741
02:36:32,100 --> 02:36:36,500
their own considerations spring,
brought rain and flooding and 

2742
02:36:36,500 --> 02:36:39,500
Autumn brought early cold snaps 
and the need to prepare for 

2743
02:36:39,500 --> 02:36:42,900
winter microclimates became 
crucial knowledge. 

2744
02:36:42,900 --> 02:36:47,600
The south-facing slope of a hill
would be noticeably warmer than 

2745
02:36:47,608 --> 02:36:50,900
the north-facing slope. 
Valleys would be colder than 

2746
02:36:50,900 --> 02:36:54,300
ridges due to cold. 
Air settling areas near large 

2747
02:36:54,300 --> 02:36:57,100
bodies of water, had moderated 
temperatures compared to Inland 

2748
02:36:57,100 --> 02:37:00,100
locations. 
Knowing these patterns, let's 

2749
02:37:00,100 --> 02:37:03,700
choose camping spots. 
Strategically, gaining several 

2750
02:37:03,700 --> 02:37:06,100
degrees of comfort from location
Choice alone. 

2751
02:37:07,100 --> 02:37:10,400
Clothing played in to whether 
adaptation in cold weather. 

2752
02:37:10,400 --> 02:37:13,800
You'd wear layers of Lucy 
garments that trapped Air Force 

2753
02:37:13,800 --> 02:37:16,900
insulation. 
At night, you might add more 

2754
02:37:16,900 --> 02:37:20,400
layers or remove out of layers 
to avoid sweating in hot 

2755
02:37:20,400 --> 02:37:23,600
weather, you'd wear minimal 
loose clothing that allowed air 

2756
02:37:23,600 --> 02:37:26,300
circulation, wet clothing was 
always a problem. 

2757
02:37:26,300 --> 02:37:29,900
It needed to be dried or 
replaced and sleeping in wet. 

2758
02:37:29,900 --> 02:37:31,700
Clothes could be dangerous and 
cool conditions. 

2759
02:37:32,900 --> 02:37:34,900
File management in weather was 
an art. 

2760
02:37:35,500 --> 02:37:38,500
Wet wood wouldn't burn, unless 
you had dry Tinder to get it 

2761
02:37:38,500 --> 02:37:41,000
started. 
Wind required positioning 

2762
02:37:41,000 --> 02:37:42,900
Firefly and potentially 
building. 

2763
02:37:42,900 --> 02:37:46,800
Barriers extreme cold, increased
fuel consumption dramatically. 

2764
02:37:46,800 --> 02:37:49,800
You had to gather more wood than
you thought you'd need. 

2765
02:37:49,800 --> 02:37:53,900
Because whether often required 
more than expected, Different 

2766
02:37:53,900 --> 02:37:56,300
fuels had properties that 
mattered in different weather, 

2767
02:37:56,300 --> 02:38:00,000
resinous, Woods burned, hotter 
and resisted dampness better. 

2768
02:38:00,800 --> 02:38:04,000
Dense, Hardwoods burned longer 
but were harder to ignite. 

2769
02:38:04,900 --> 02:38:08,300
Pine needles and small dry 
Twigs, were crucial for starting

2770
02:38:08,300 --> 02:38:12,100
fires in wet conditions. you'd 
maintain a small supply of the 

2771
02:38:12,100 --> 02:38:16,700
driest materials kept protected,
specifically for starting fires 

2772
02:38:16,700 --> 02:38:20,600
in adverse weather, Endurance 
required to sleep through 

2773
02:38:20,600 --> 02:38:21,900
difficult. 
Whether shouldn't be 

2774
02:38:21,900 --> 02:38:25,400
underestimated, modern camping, 
often involves retreating to 

2775
02:38:25,400 --> 02:38:27,100
vehicles or permanent 
structures. 

2776
02:38:27,100 --> 02:38:30,700
When weather turned severe. 
Your ancestors couldn't retreat,

2777
02:38:30,700 --> 02:38:34,200
they had to endure. 
They developed, mental 

2778
02:38:34,200 --> 02:38:38,000
toughness, alongside physical 
adaptations, discomfort, became 

2779
02:38:38,000 --> 02:38:40,900
normal, danger became acceptable
risk. 

2780
02:38:40,900 --> 02:38:46,200
Sleep happened anyway because it
had to Modern camping represents

2781
02:38:46,200 --> 02:38:49,600
a curious cultural phenomenon. 
people who live in comfortable 

2782
02:38:49,600 --> 02:38:54,300
houses, choosing to temporarily 
sleep outside This recreational 

2783
02:38:54,300 --> 02:38:57,900
sleeping rough is, sometimes 
called returning to nature, 

2784
02:38:57,900 --> 02:39:00,600
though. 
It's really nothing like the 

2785
02:39:00,600 --> 02:39:02,400
outdoor sleeping of your 
ancestors. 

2786
02:39:03,300 --> 02:39:06,300
Dill examining modern camping 
reveals. 

2787
02:39:06,300 --> 02:39:08,500
What draws people back toward 
outdoor sleep? 

2788
02:39:08,500 --> 02:39:13,400
Even when they don't need it for
survival, The camping industry 

2789
02:39:13,400 --> 02:39:16,900
sells equipment designed to make
outdoor sleeping, comfortable 

2790
02:39:16,900 --> 02:39:19,900
and safe. 
Modern tents are engineered 

2791
02:39:19,900 --> 02:39:23,300
Marvels, lightweight waterproof 
and easy to erect. 

2792
02:39:24,200 --> 02:39:27,000
Their little resembled to 
historical shelters, accept in 

2793
02:39:27,000 --> 02:39:30,600
basic purpose, sleeping pads, 
and air mattresses eliminate the

2794
02:39:30,608 --> 02:39:32,400
discomfort of sleeping on hard 
ground. 

2795
02:39:33,400 --> 02:39:35,900
Sleeping bags, providing 
insulation, that matches or 

2796
02:39:35,900 --> 02:39:39,500
exceeds the best for highs. 
You can be genuinely comfortable

2797
02:39:39,500 --> 02:39:41,400
camping. 
Now, in ways that would Amaze 

2798
02:39:41,400 --> 02:39:45,200
anyone from even a century ago, 
Equipment can't completely 

2799
02:39:45,200 --> 02:39:47,200
eliminate the outdoor sleeping 
experience. 

2800
02:39:48,100 --> 02:39:51,500
You still notice temperature 
changes through the night, you 

2801
02:39:51,500 --> 02:39:54,900
still hear weather approaching. 
You still wait to bird sounds 

2802
02:39:54,900 --> 02:39:57,200
and Dawn, light rather than an 
alarm clocks. 

2803
02:39:58,100 --> 02:40:01,200
The sensory experience of 
sleeping outside persists, 

2804
02:40:01,200 --> 02:40:04,800
despite all the modern Comfort 
AIDS, many people report 

2805
02:40:04,800 --> 02:40:07,900
sleeping better while camping 
than they do at home, which 

2806
02:40:07,900 --> 02:40:11,000
seems counterintuitive given the
harder surfaces and less 

2807
02:40:11,000 --> 02:40:14,800
controlled conditions. 
Researchers suggest several 

2808
02:40:14,800 --> 02:40:18,800
explanations, the physical 
activity of camping and Hiking 

2809
02:40:18,800 --> 02:40:22,300
creates genuine physical 
tiredness, natural light, 

2810
02:40:22,300 --> 02:40:24,400
exposure. 
During the day helps regulate 

2811
02:40:24,400 --> 02:40:27,700
circadian rhythms reduced 
artificial light in the evening,

2812
02:40:27,700 --> 02:40:30,700
allows melatonin production to 
follow natural patterns. 

2813
02:40:31,800 --> 02:40:35,600
The absent of electronic devices
and work stress, creates mental 

2814
02:40:35,600 --> 02:40:38,300
relaxation. 
The disconnection from 

2815
02:40:38,300 --> 02:40:42,900
artificial time significant. 
When camping you tend to sleep, 

2816
02:40:42,900 --> 02:40:46,200
when you're tired and wake when 
you're rested, without regard 

2817
02:40:46,200 --> 02:40:49,800
for clock time, this often means
going to bed early than you 

2818
02:40:49,800 --> 02:40:51,400
would at home and waking up 
Dawn. 

2819
02:40:52,300 --> 02:40:56,300
This pattern closely matches the
natural human sleep cycle and 

2820
02:40:56,300 --> 02:41:00,100
your body responds positively, 
even during short camping trips.

2821
02:41:01,000 --> 02:41:04,800
campfires remained Central to 
Camping culture, despite modern 

2822
02:41:04,800 --> 02:41:09,200
Alternatives like camp, stoves, 
Something about sitting around a

2823
02:41:09,200 --> 02:41:12,700
fire feels fundamentally right 
in ways that are hard to 

2824
02:41:12,700 --> 02:41:16,200
articulate. 
The hypnotic flame watching the 

2825
02:41:16,200 --> 02:41:19,900
wood smoke smell and the 
crackling sounds these trigger 

2826
02:41:19,900 --> 02:41:22,500
something. 
Deep in human psychology, we 

2827
02:41:22,500 --> 02:41:26,200
evolved around fires and the 
experience still resonates. 

2828
02:41:26,900 --> 02:41:31,200
The market for primitive camping
or Bushcraft reveals a desire 

2829
02:41:31,200 --> 02:41:34,700
among some people to experience 
outdoor sleeping more, like 

2830
02:41:34,700 --> 02:41:38,400
historical conditions. 
These campers deliberately 

2831
02:41:38,400 --> 02:41:42,200
assume Modern Gear in favor of 
simpler equipment or 

2832
02:41:42,200 --> 02:41:46,100
skills-based Solutions. 
They might build shelters from 

2833
02:41:46,100 --> 02:41:50,400
natural materials. 
Start fires without matches and 

2834
02:41:50,400 --> 02:41:53,200
sleep under basic tarps or in 
lean tools. 

2835
02:41:54,100 --> 02:41:57,300
For them, the challenge and 
connection to historical 

2836
02:41:57,300 --> 02:42:01,100
practices, is part of the 
appeal. others embrace the 

2837
02:42:01,100 --> 02:42:04,600
opposite approach car camping 
with elaborate set-ups that 

2838
02:42:04,600 --> 02:42:07,300
include Camp kitchens 
comfortable, sleeping 

2839
02:42:07,300 --> 02:42:11,900
arrangements and numerous modern
convenience is There outdoor 

2840
02:42:11,900 --> 02:42:13,800
sleeping is only nominally 
outdoor. 

2841
02:42:13,800 --> 02:42:17,100
They've transported most home 
Comforts to a Scenic location. 

2842
02:42:17,100 --> 02:42:20,400
This approach has its own for 
Liberty, as a way to enjoy 

2843
02:42:20,400 --> 02:42:23,400
natural setting without 
surrendering modern comfort. 

2844
02:42:24,300 --> 02:42:26,400
Backpacking represents a middle 
path. 

2845
02:42:27,200 --> 02:42:29,900
Carrying enough equipment to be 
comfortable, but light enough to

2846
02:42:29,908 --> 02:42:32,700
be mobile. 
Backpackers often developed 

2847
02:42:32,700 --> 02:42:35,400
sophisticated systems for 
efficient outdoor sleeping. 

2848
02:42:36,100 --> 02:42:38,600
They know exactly how much 
insulation they need for 

2849
02:42:38,600 --> 02:42:41,800
expected temperatures. 
They've refined their shell to 

2850
02:42:41,800 --> 02:42:44,400
set up to minimize time and 
maximize protection. 

2851
02:42:45,300 --> 02:42:48,100
Their relationship with outdoor 
sleeping becomes Technical and 

2852
02:42:48,100 --> 02:42:51,300
skill-based. 
Children's first experience with

2853
02:42:51,300 --> 02:42:53,700
camping often, create Lasting 
Impressions. 

2854
02:42:54,500 --> 02:42:57,500
The combination of slight danger
adventure and outdoor. 

2855
02:42:57,500 --> 02:43:01,600
Freedom can be transformative. 
Sleeping in a tent feels like a 

2856
02:43:01,600 --> 02:43:05,300
bold adventure in your young. 
The sound of the night, seem 

2857
02:43:05,300 --> 02:43:08,200
more dramatic mourning, feels 
like an achievement. 

2858
02:43:08,200 --> 02:43:11,800
You survive the night in the 
wilderness, these childhood 

2859
02:43:11,800 --> 02:43:14,900
camping experiences shape. 
How people relate to outdoor 

2860
02:43:14,900 --> 02:43:18,400
sleeping for life. family 
camping brings multiple 

2861
02:43:18,400 --> 02:43:21,000
Generations, together around 
activities that haven't 

2862
02:43:21,000 --> 02:43:24,300
fundamentally changed in 
importance parents, teach 

2863
02:43:24,300 --> 02:43:28,300
children about fire, building 
shelter setup and outdoor safety

2864
02:43:28,300 --> 02:43:32,100
passing along skills, that Echo,
much more ancient knowledge 

2865
02:43:32,100 --> 02:43:35,600
Transmissions the 
intergenerational bonding that 

2866
02:43:35,600 --> 02:43:38,800
happens during camping Taps into
patterns older than 

2867
02:43:38,800 --> 02:43:43,600
civilization, Solo camping 
appeals to some people precisely

2868
02:43:43,600 --> 02:43:47,400
because it recreate aspects of 
solitary outdoor sleeping, that 

2869
02:43:47,400 --> 02:43:51,600
were normal for hunters scouts 
or Travelers in historical 

2870
02:43:51,600 --> 02:43:54,700
times. 
Being alone in the outdoors at 

2871
02:43:54,700 --> 02:43:57,200
night triggers, a particular, 
kind of alertness, and 

2872
02:43:57,200 --> 02:44:01,500
self-reliance every sound 
becomes more noticeable, your 

2873
02:44:01,500 --> 02:44:03,100
own competence becomes more 
important. 

2874
02:44:03,100 --> 02:44:06,600
The Experience can be both 
unsettling and deeply 

2875
02:44:06,600 --> 02:44:11,300
satisfying, The psychological 
benefits of occasional outdoor 

2876
02:44:11,300 --> 02:44:14,800
sleeping scene, real. 
Nature exposure, reduces stress 

2877
02:44:14,800 --> 02:44:18,100
hormones, Forest bathing, 
extended time. 

2878
02:44:18,100 --> 02:44:21,600
In wooded areas, measurably 
improves mood and immune 

2879
02:44:21,600 --> 02:44:24,700
function. 
Sleeping surrounded by natural 

2880
02:44:24,700 --> 02:44:28,300
rather than human-made 
environments May provide cycle 

2881
02:44:28,300 --> 02:44:31,700
reset effects that are hard to 
achieve in typical Urban or 

2882
02:44:31,700 --> 02:44:35,000
Suburban life. 
Yet, modern camping is 

2883
02:44:35,000 --> 02:44:38,300
fundamentally safe in ways. 
Historical outdoor sleeping 

2884
02:44:38,300 --> 02:44:42,900
never was You likely have a 
vehicle nearby cell phones, 

2885
02:44:42,900 --> 02:44:44,700
allow emergencies, 
communication. 

2886
02:44:44,700 --> 02:44:48,900
Campsites are established in 
some monitored dangerous. 

2887
02:44:48,900 --> 02:44:52,300
Wildlife has been largely 
eliminated or avoids areas of 

2888
02:44:52,308 --> 02:44:55,600
human activity. 
The risks that made outdoor 

2889
02:44:55,600 --> 02:44:58,900
sleeping genuinely dangerous, 
for most of human history have 

2890
02:44:58,900 --> 02:45:03,000
been mitigated or removed. 
This safety allows camping to be

2891
02:45:03,000 --> 02:45:06,700
recreational rather than 
necessary which changes its 

2892
02:45:06,700 --> 02:45:10,000
character completely. 
Your ancestors, slept outside 

2893
02:45:10,000 --> 02:45:13,400
because they had to you sleep 
outside because you choose to, 

2894
02:45:13,400 --> 02:45:16,800
and you can choose to stop 
whenever you want that freedom 

2895
02:45:16,800 --> 02:45:19,800
transforms The Experience from 
an endurance, test into a 

2896
02:45:19,800 --> 02:45:22,900
Leisure activity. 
The popularity of camping 

2897
02:45:22,900 --> 02:45:26,600
suggests something, persistent 
in human psychology that values 

2898
02:45:26,600 --> 02:45:29,100
outdoor sleeping, even when it's
no longer necessary. 

2899
02:45:30,500 --> 02:45:33,800
Maybe it's genetic memory of our
long history Under the Stars. 

2900
02:45:34,600 --> 02:45:37,600
May be, it's a desire for 
Simplicity in an overly complex 

2901
02:45:37,600 --> 02:45:40,300
world. 
May be it's just the pleasure of

2902
02:45:40,300 --> 02:45:43,400
breaking routine and experience 
and something different from our

2903
02:45:43,400 --> 02:45:45,900
usual sleep environment, 
whatever. 

2904
02:45:45,900 --> 02:45:49,800
The reason millions of people 
continue to choose at least 

2905
02:45:49,800 --> 02:45:53,800
occasionally to sleep outside. 
They load their cars or shoulder

2906
02:45:53,800 --> 02:45:57,200
their backpacks and head into 
Landscapes when night will fall 

2907
02:45:57,200 --> 02:46:01,100
without the mediation of walls 
and artificial light the lie 

2908
02:46:01,100 --> 02:46:03,100
down on the ground or elevated. 
Pads. 

2909
02:46:03,100 --> 02:46:06,000
Cover themselves with modern 
materials or traditional 

2910
02:46:06,000 --> 02:46:09,800
bedrolls and close their eyes 
under the sky, just as humans of

2911
02:46:09,808 --> 02:46:14,000
done for 100s of thousands of 
years, Full circle from 

2912
02:46:14,000 --> 02:46:17,700
necessary, outdoor sleeping to 
indoor sleeping to recreational 

2913
02:46:17,700 --> 02:46:20,600
outdoor sleeping reveals 
something about human nature and

2914
02:46:20,600 --> 02:46:23,700
human culture. 
We spent our species entire 

2915
02:46:23,700 --> 02:46:27,500
existence sleeping outside 
developed the capability to 

2916
02:46:27,500 --> 02:46:30,900
sleep inside. 
And now sometimes choose to 

2917
02:46:30,908 --> 02:46:35,000
sleep outside again. 
The choice itself represents the

2918
02:46:35,000 --> 02:46:38,400
fundamental change. 
We're no longer dependent on 

2919
02:46:38,400 --> 02:46:41,300
outdoor sleeping so we can 
appreciate it in ways. 

2920
02:46:41,300 --> 02:46:45,100
Our ancestors never could. 
As you lie in your bed, tonight 

2921
02:46:45,100 --> 02:46:49,800
in your climate control room 
behind locked, doors and under 

2922
02:46:49,800 --> 02:46:53,100
engineered shelter, your 
participating in a very recent 

2923
02:46:53,100 --> 02:46:58,000
chapter of a very long story. 
The vast majority of humans who 

2924
02:46:58,000 --> 02:47:01,400
have ever lived, slept outside. 
They closed Their Eyes under 

2925
02:47:01,400 --> 02:47:04,500
Stars, woke to Dawn survived 
nights that you would find 

2926
02:47:04,500 --> 02:47:08,000
terrifying and considered its 
simply normal life. 

2927
02:47:08,700 --> 02:47:11,000
The knowledge. 
They accumulated about outdoor 

2928
02:47:11,000 --> 02:47:13,100
sleeping was extensive and 
sophisticated. 

2929
02:47:14,400 --> 02:47:16,900
They learned to read landscape 
for safety and comfort. 

2930
02:47:17,900 --> 02:47:21,600
They mastered fire maintenance 
through Darkness, they developed

2931
02:47:21,600 --> 02:47:24,700
bedding from natural materials, 
that provided genuine 

2932
02:47:24,700 --> 02:47:27,500
insulation. 
He understood weather patterns 

2933
02:47:27,500 --> 02:47:30,900
and adapted this sleeping 
Arrangement accordingly, they 

2934
02:47:30,900 --> 02:47:34,000
created social structures around
nighttime protection and 

2935
02:47:34,000 --> 02:47:36,700
comfort. 
All of this expertise developed 

2936
02:47:36,700 --> 02:47:40,400
over tens of thousands of 
generations, refined through 

2937
02:47:40,400 --> 02:47:44,400
trial and error, and passed from
parents to children as a central

2938
02:47:44,408 --> 02:47:47,400
survival information. 
Much of that knowledge has been 

2939
02:47:47,408 --> 02:47:50,100
lost in just a few generations 
of widespread. 

2940
02:47:50,100 --> 02:47:53,800
Indoor sleeping people who slept
outside their entire lives. 

2941
02:47:53,800 --> 02:47:56,500
Would find your sleeping 
Arrangements bizarre and what 

2942
02:47:56,500 --> 02:48:01,200
sad you've traded the stars for 
sealing, paint traded, fresh air

2943
02:48:01,200 --> 02:48:05,000
for filtered air, and traded the
natural rhythms of Darkness and 

2944
02:48:05,000 --> 02:48:08,400
Light for artificial schedules. 
That ignore your body's evolved 

2945
02:48:08,400 --> 02:48:11,700
preferences. 
But you've gained safety comfort

2946
02:48:11,700 --> 02:48:13,400
and control that they couldn't 
imagine. 

2947
02:48:13,400 --> 02:48:15,700
You don't wake up cold and 
stiff. 

2948
02:48:15,700 --> 02:48:17,900
You don't sleep alert for 
Predators. 

2949
02:48:17,900 --> 02:48:22,000
You don't lose sleep to weather.
the trade-off was reasonable, 

2950
02:48:22,000 --> 02:48:26,400
even if something was lost in 
the exchange, The history of 

2951
02:48:26,400 --> 02:48:29,700
humans sleeping outside isn't 
just trivia about the past. 

2952
02:48:30,500 --> 02:48:33,800
Is the story of how we've always
related to the fundamental need 

2953
02:48:33,800 --> 02:48:36,700
for rest. 
How we've balanced vulnerability

2954
02:48:36,700 --> 02:48:40,500
with necessity and how we've 
created comfort from minimal 

2955
02:48:40,500 --> 02:48:43,700
resources. 
It reminds us that our current 

2956
02:48:43,700 --> 02:48:48,100
sleeping arrangements are recent
Innovations, not Eternal truths.

2957
02:48:48,100 --> 02:48:50,800
Our body still carry. 
The adaptations of those 

2958
02:48:50,800 --> 02:48:53,400
hundreds of thousands of years 
sleeping under the sky. 

2959
02:48:54,200 --> 02:48:57,600
When you do sleep outside now 
where the camping in the woods 

2960
02:48:57,600 --> 02:49:02,000
or just dozing in your backyard?
You're briefly rejoining that 

2961
02:49:02,000 --> 02:49:05,500
long human tradition. 
The Experience connects you 

2962
02:49:05,500 --> 02:49:08,500
across time to every person who 
ever faced the approaching 

2963
02:49:08,500 --> 02:49:11,900
Knight and I made preparations 
to survive it comfortably. 

2964
02:49:12,700 --> 02:49:16,000
Your participating in something 
ancient even. 

2965
02:49:16,000 --> 02:49:20,100
As you do it recreationally, The
light settles around you. 

2966
02:49:20,100 --> 02:49:22,900
Now, as it settled around, 
countless humans before you 

2967
02:49:22,900 --> 02:49:27,000
Darkness Falls the same way, it 
always has your body. 

2968
02:49:27,000 --> 02:49:30,800
Still responds to the absence of
light, with the same biochemical

2969
02:49:30,800 --> 02:49:34,400
sleep signals. 
The fundamental experience of 

2970
02:49:34,400 --> 02:49:37,200
closing your eyes and 
surrendering to sleep. 

2971
02:49:37,200 --> 02:49:41,200
Hasn't changed even though 
everything else about where and 

2972
02:49:41,200 --> 02:49:45,200
how you sleep as transformed. 
Your ancestors would recognize 

2973
02:49:45,200 --> 02:49:47,400
your need for rest. 
Even if they wouldn't understand

2974
02:49:47,400 --> 02:49:50,900
your bedroom, they'd understand 
the satisfaction of finding a 

2975
02:49:50,908 --> 02:49:53,900
good sleeping spot. 
The comfort of adequate covering

2976
02:49:53,900 --> 02:49:56,500
and the relief of waking safely 
to another door. 

2977
02:49:57,800 --> 02:50:00,800
Across all the vast changes in 
human culture and Technology, 

2978
02:50:00,800 --> 02:50:04,800
sleep Remains the great 
equalizer, we all need it. 

2979
02:50:05,500 --> 02:50:08,700
We all seek it and we all depend
on it for survival. 

2980
02:50:09,500 --> 02:50:13,000
So as you drift towards sleep 
tonight, you might spare a 

2981
02:50:13,000 --> 02:50:16,200
thought for all those who slept 
before you outside, under the 

2982
02:50:16,200 --> 02:50:21,300
sky, kept warm by fire protected
by vigilance and luck. 

2983
02:50:22,200 --> 02:50:25,300
They were your ancestors in the 
most literal sense and they 

2984
02:50:25,308 --> 02:50:28,400
succeeded at outdoor sleeping, 
well enough that you exist to 

2985
02:50:28,400 --> 02:50:31,200
contemplate their experience 
from the comfort of your indoor 

2986
02:50:31,200 --> 02:50:34,500
bed. 
The story of Sleeping outside is

2987
02:50:34,500 --> 02:50:39,000
the story of human adaptability,
Ingenuity and resilience. 

2988
02:50:40,000 --> 02:50:42,700
It's a story without a clear 
ending because people still 

2989
02:50:42,700 --> 02:50:46,900
sleep outside every night. 
Some by choice, many by 

2990
02:50:46,900 --> 02:50:51,600
necessity, the techniques change
the equipment improves, but the 

2991
02:50:51,600 --> 02:50:55,500
fundamental challenge remains, 
how do you rest safely and 

2992
02:50:55,500 --> 02:50:58,100
comfortably when you're exposed 
to everything, nature can 

2993
02:50:58,100 --> 02:51:02,400
deliver? 
For most of human existence, the

2994
02:51:02,400 --> 02:51:04,500
answer to that question was 
Essential Knowledge. 

2995
02:51:05,300 --> 02:51:09,000
Now it's specialized knowledge, 
recreational knowledge and 

2996
02:51:09,000 --> 02:51:12,100
survival, knowledge for the few 
rather than survival knowledge 

2997
02:51:12,100 --> 02:51:15,000
for everyone. 
But it remains knowledge worth 

2998
02:51:15,000 --> 02:51:19,400
preserving worth understanding 
and worth appreciating for what 

2999
02:51:19,400 --> 02:51:23,000
it represents about human 
capability and the long journey 

3000
02:51:23,000 --> 02:51:27,500
from our Origins to our present.
The night that surrounds you now

3001
02:51:27,500 --> 02:51:30,800
is the same night that 
surrounded the first human to 

3002
02:51:30,800 --> 02:51:33,700
ever needed. 
Shelter whoever built a fire, 

3003
02:51:33,700 --> 02:51:37,300
whoever lay down to rest with 
only the sky above them. 

3004
02:51:38,400 --> 02:51:41,800
They survived those nights 
generation after generation 

3005
02:51:41,800 --> 02:51:45,500
adapting and learning, and 
passing forward both their genes

3006
02:51:45,500 --> 02:51:47,800
and their knowledge. 
You'll hear because they 

3007
02:51:47,800 --> 02:51:51,300
succeeded because they figured 
out how to sleep safely through 

3008
02:51:51,300 --> 02:51:54,500
thousands of dangerous nights. 
That's worth remembering. 

3009
02:51:54,500 --> 02:51:56,900
As you pull your blanket up, and
close your eyes. 

3010
02:51:56,900 --> 02:52:01,100
You're the latest in an unbroken
line of successful sleepers, 

3011
02:52:01,100 --> 02:52:04,200
stretching back to the very 
beginning of human history. 

3012
02:52:05,300 --> 02:52:09,200
Your comfortable bed is a modern
luxury, but the needed serves as

3013
02:52:09,200 --> 02:52:13,600
ancient and Universal. 
Sleep well, tonight, sheltered 

3014
02:52:13,600 --> 02:52:16,400
and safe. 
But remember the millions who 

3015
02:52:16,400 --> 02:52:19,700
slept well enough under far more
challenging circumstances that 

3016
02:52:19,700 --> 02:52:24,500
human life continued adapted and
eventually thrived. 

3017
02:52:25,300 --> 02:52:27,400
The stars are still up there 
above your roof. 

3018
02:52:27,400 --> 02:52:30,700
Following the same patterns, 
your ancestors used for 

3019
02:52:30,700 --> 02:52:34,400
navigation and timekeeping The 
Knight still Falls when the sun 

3020
02:52:34,400 --> 02:52:38,200
disappears just as it always has
the world still spins through 

3021
02:52:38,200 --> 02:52:41,600
Darkness toward mourning, you're
still part of the same Planet 

3022
02:52:41,600 --> 02:52:45,000
the same cycle and the same 
human story that has always been

3023
02:52:45,000 --> 02:52:48,400
written against the backdrop of 
night. and when you wake 

3024
02:52:48,400 --> 02:52:52,700
tomorrow refreshed and rested, 
you'll be participating in the 

3025
02:52:52,700 --> 02:52:58,900
same ancient pattern survival 
through sleep, The restoration 

3026
02:52:58,900 --> 02:53:03,200
of mind and body and the daily 
renewal that allows life to 

3027
02:53:03,200 --> 02:53:05,900
continue. 
Your ancestors knew that 

3028
02:53:05,900 --> 02:53:08,100
satisfaction of waking to 
another day. 

3029
02:53:09,000 --> 02:53:12,500
They felt the same gratitude for
rest, the same relief at 

3030
02:53:12,500 --> 02:53:16,000
surviving the night and the same
Readiness to face whatever the 

3031
02:53:16,000 --> 02:53:19,300
new day would bring, you were 
them in all the ways that 

3032
02:53:19,300 --> 02:53:21,600
matter. 
Your life is more comfortable, 

3033
02:53:21,600 --> 02:53:26,200
but it rests on the same 
foundations, Sleek shelter 

3034
02:53:26,200 --> 02:53:30,400
safety warmth. 
These needs have not changed, 

3035
02:53:30,400 --> 02:53:35,000
only the methods of evolved. 
And in that evolution in the 

3036
02:53:35,000 --> 02:53:38,500
long journey from sleeping 
outside to sleeping inside, you 

3037
02:53:38,500 --> 02:53:42,600
can trace the entire Arc of 
human progress from vulnerable 

3038
02:53:42,600 --> 02:53:45,300
creatures on the African 
Savannah to people who build 

3039
02:53:45,300 --> 02:53:48,500
climate controlled houses and 
take outdoor sleeping as 

3040
02:53:48,500 --> 02:53:51,900
optional Recreation. 
It's a remarkable story. 

3041
02:53:51,900 --> 02:53:55,600
It's your story, it's everyone's
story. 

3042
02:53:56,600 --> 02:54:00,200
And It All Happened. 
One Night at a time, under the 

3043
02:54:00,200 --> 02:54:04,100
same sky that still arches over 
you now even though you can't 

3044
02:54:04,100 --> 02:54:07,300
see it through your ceiling, The
night is still there. 

3045
02:54:07,300 --> 02:54:11,100
It's always there waiting, 
whenever you want to step back 

3046
02:54:11,100 --> 02:54:14,300
outside and experience, sleep 
the way humans experience. 

3047
02:54:14,300 --> 02:54:18,700
It for hundreds of thousands of 
years under the stars under the 

3048
02:54:18,700 --> 02:54:22,900
sky, part of the natural world 
instead of separated from it. 

3049
02:54:23,800 --> 02:54:35,400
Sweet dreams. 
You're settling into a Time long

3050
02:54:35,400 --> 02:54:39,400
before cities or written words 
and Landscape of ancient Rock 

3051
02:54:39,400 --> 02:54:41,600
shelters and wide. 
Valleys in. 

3052
02:54:41,600 --> 02:54:43,900
What will one day be called 
Brazil? 

3053
02:54:45,200 --> 02:54:47,600
The people who live here move 
through their days with deep 

3054
02:54:47,600 --> 02:54:52,400
familiarity, Guided by seasons, 
and the reliable patterns of the

3055
02:54:52,400 --> 02:54:55,600
land around them. 
You wake as light begins to 

3056
02:54:55,600 --> 02:54:57,400
filter through the shelter 
entrance. 

3057
02:54:58,100 --> 02:55:01,100
The rock wall behind you. 
Still holds yesterday's warmth. 

3058
02:55:01,900 --> 02:55:04,400
Around you. 
Others are already stirring. 

3059
02:55:05,000 --> 02:55:09,800
Reaching for tools stored near 
the wall stretching and moving 

3060
02:55:09,800 --> 02:55:11,600
toward the morning without 
hurry. 

3061
02:55:12,900 --> 02:55:15,400
The air smells clean and 
slightly cool. 

3062
02:55:16,500 --> 02:55:18,300
Someone has already stepped out 
side. 

3063
02:55:19,100 --> 02:55:22,200
You can hear the soft shuffling 
of footsteps on pachter. 

3064
02:55:23,100 --> 02:55:26,000
The quiet Russell of movement 
through the grass that grows 

3065
02:55:26,000 --> 02:55:30,100
near the shelter's edge. 
You stand and walk out into the 

3066
02:55:30,100 --> 02:55:33,900
early light. 
The sky is pale and clear, the 

3067
02:55:33,900 --> 02:55:36,000
land stretches out in familiar 
shapes. 

3068
02:55:36,000 --> 02:55:39,900
The line of trees along the 
Water Source, the open areas 

3069
02:55:39,900 --> 02:55:43,200
where certain plants growth, 
thick and the rocky outcrops 

3070
02:55:43,200 --> 02:55:45,300
that Mark distances, you know, 
by heart. 

3071
02:55:46,600 --> 02:55:48,800
Others are already moving across
the terrain. 

3072
02:55:48,800 --> 02:55:52,200
You see, a few figures near the 
tree line bending and 

3073
02:55:52,200 --> 02:55:56,000
straightening as they work. 
Someone else walks slowly Along 

3074
02:55:56,000 --> 02:55:58,200
The Waters Edge scanning the 
ground. 

3075
02:55:59,100 --> 02:56:03,800
There is no rush, everyone knows
where to go, you head toward a 

3076
02:56:03,800 --> 02:56:06,000
patch of low. 
Shrubs, you noticed, two days 

3077
02:56:06,000 --> 02:56:10,400
ago The fruits, there were still
green then but today they might 

3078
02:56:10,400 --> 02:56:13,600
be ready as you walk. 
You pass through areas. 

3079
02:56:13,600 --> 02:56:17,400
You have crossed hundreds of 
times your feet, know the uneven

3080
02:56:17,400 --> 02:56:21,500
spots, the stones that shifts 
slightly and the places where 

3081
02:56:21,500 --> 02:56:25,600
Roots rise above the ground, the
plants you're looking for grow 

3082
02:56:25,600 --> 02:56:29,300
in a cluster near A Flat Rock. 
You crouch down and check the 

3083
02:56:29,300 --> 02:56:33,500
fruits, some are soft. 
Now their skins yielding gently 

3084
02:56:33,500 --> 02:56:36,800
under your fingers, You pick 
these and place them in the 

3085
02:56:36,800 --> 02:56:40,000
woven container you carry? 
Others are still firm. 

3086
02:56:40,000 --> 02:56:45,100
You leave those nearby. 
Another person is digging at the

3087
02:56:45,108 --> 02:56:46,900
base of a plant with a pointed 
stick. 

3088
02:56:46,900 --> 02:56:50,500
They work steadily loosening the
soil around a route. 

3089
02:56:50,500 --> 02:56:53,800
When it comes free, they brush 
off the dirt and add it to their

3090
02:56:53,800 --> 02:56:57,200
own container you exchange a 
glance but do not speak. 

3091
02:56:57,200 --> 02:57:01,600
There is no need you move on to 
another area where tall grasses 

3092
02:57:01,600 --> 02:57:04,600
grow, you know, the seeds on 
these grasses are good to 

3093
02:57:04,600 --> 02:57:06,900
gather. 
You run your hand along the 

3094
02:57:06,900 --> 02:57:10,800
stalks, letting the right seeds.
Fall into your palm, then 

3095
02:57:10,800 --> 02:57:14,300
transfer them to your container.
The motion is simple and 

3096
02:57:14,300 --> 02:57:18,200
repetitive, your mind does not 
need to focus hard on the task. 

3097
02:57:18,200 --> 02:57:22,400
Instead, you notice the warmth 
beginning to build in the air, 

3098
02:57:22,400 --> 02:57:26,700
the way the light shifts as the 
sun climbs higher, and the small

3099
02:57:26,700 --> 02:57:28,900
insects that hover near the 
grass tops. 

3100
02:57:29,800 --> 02:57:32,800
Child walks past following an 
adult at a short distance. 

3101
02:57:33,600 --> 02:57:36,600
The child stops to examine 
something on the ground, picks 

3102
02:57:36,600 --> 02:57:39,100
it up. 
Turns it over in small hands, 

3103
02:57:39,100 --> 02:57:41,500
then drops it and continues 
walking. 

3104
02:57:41,500 --> 02:57:45,100
The adult does not turn around 
but seems to know the child is 

3105
02:57:45,100 --> 02:57:48,000
there. 
You reach a stand of trees and 

3106
02:57:48,000 --> 02:57:49,400
begin looking for certain 
leaves. 

3107
02:57:49,400 --> 02:57:53,700
These leaves are useful, they 
can wrap food, they can be 

3108
02:57:53,700 --> 02:57:57,800
layered for softness and they 
can be shaped when wet, you 

3109
02:57:57,800 --> 02:58:01,600
select the larger undamaged ones
and fold them carefully into 

3110
02:58:01,600 --> 02:58:04,500
your container. 
The morning continues this way 

3111
02:58:04,500 --> 02:58:08,600
you move from place to place 
following a path shape by memory

3112
02:58:08,600 --> 02:58:11,600
and season. 
You know, which areas will have 

3113
02:58:11,600 --> 02:58:14,600
what you need, you know, because
you have walked this route, many

3114
02:58:14,600 --> 02:58:17,700
times and because others have 
shown you through their own 

3115
02:58:17,700 --> 02:58:22,100
movement and selection at one 
point, you find a cluster of 

3116
02:58:22,108 --> 02:58:26,600
mushrooms growing at the base of
a dead tree, He recognized the 

3117
02:58:26,600 --> 02:58:29,500
type. 
These are safe and good. 

3118
02:58:30,300 --> 02:58:33,800
You gather them, gently leaving 
the smallest ones to grow 

3119
02:58:33,800 --> 02:58:36,600
larger. 
Someone taught you this approach

3120
02:58:36,600 --> 02:58:38,900
though. 
You do not remember exactly when

3121
02:58:38,900 --> 02:58:41,400
or how. 
It is simply what you do. 

3122
02:58:42,500 --> 02:58:46,900
Sun is higher. 
Now the air is warm, you notice 

3123
02:58:46,900 --> 02:58:49,400
others, beginning to move back 
toward the shelter area. 

3124
02:58:49,400 --> 02:58:53,200
You follow not because anyone is
signaled, but because the Rhythm

3125
02:58:53,200 --> 02:58:56,100
feels right, your container is 
full enough. 

3126
02:58:56,100 --> 02:58:58,700
Your body is ready to sit and 
rest. 

3127
02:58:59,900 --> 02:59:02,100
Back at the shelter. 
People are arriving from 

3128
02:59:02,100 --> 02:59:04,800
different directions. 
Everyone carries something. 

3129
02:59:04,800 --> 02:59:07,600
Containers are set down near the
fire area. 

3130
02:59:07,600 --> 02:59:11,400
People sit on rocks or on the 
ground settling into comfortable

3131
02:59:11,400 --> 02:59:14,100
positions. 
There is quiet conversation 

3132
02:59:14,100 --> 02:59:15,900
though. 
You do not always join in. 

3133
02:59:16,800 --> 02:59:19,300
Sometimes it is enough to Simply
Be near others. 

3134
02:59:19,300 --> 02:59:22,000
Sharing the same space and the 
same ease. 

3135
02:59:22,700 --> 02:59:26,200
Someone sawed through the 
gathered plants separating types

3136
02:59:26,200 --> 02:59:30,100
and to small piles. 
Another person examined seeds 

3137
02:59:30,100 --> 02:59:34,100
checking for quality. 
These tasks happen naturally 

3138
02:59:34,100 --> 02:59:37,900
without instruction. 
Everyone knows what needs to be 

3139
02:59:37,900 --> 02:59:41,100
done because everyone has seen 
it done countless times. 

3140
02:59:41,800 --> 02:59:44,600
You reach into your container 
and pull out one of the fruits, 

3141
02:59:44,600 --> 02:59:48,600
you gathered, you bite into it. 
The Taste is familiar. 

3142
02:59:48,600 --> 02:59:53,000
Sweet and slightly. 
Tart juice runs down your chin. 

3143
02:59:53,000 --> 02:59:55,800
You wipe it away with the back 
of your hand and take another 

3144
02:59:55,800 --> 02:59:58,500
bite. 
The child sits down beside you 

3145
02:59:58,500 --> 03:00:01,200
watching your hand, the child a 
fruit. 

3146
03:00:02,100 --> 03:00:04,200
The child takes it and bites 
carefully. 

3147
03:00:04,200 --> 03:00:08,100
Then choose with concentration. 
You watch the child's face. 

3148
03:00:08,100 --> 03:00:10,400
Noting the flicker of 
satisfaction there. 

3149
03:00:10,400 --> 03:00:14,300
The day is only just begun, but 
already there is a sense of 

3150
03:00:14,300 --> 03:00:16,800
completion. 
The Gathering is done. 

3151
03:00:16,800 --> 03:00:19,900
What comes next will unfold at 
his own pace? 

3152
03:00:19,900 --> 03:00:24,900
Just as it always does. after 
the gathered materials of sorted

3153
03:00:24,900 --> 03:00:29,900
and set aside attention shifts 
to other tasks, you stand and 

3154
03:00:29,900 --> 03:00:31,700
walked to the area where tools 
are kept. 

3155
03:00:32,500 --> 03:00:34,400
This space is near the back of 
the shelter. 

3156
03:00:34,400 --> 03:00:37,200
Where the rock wall curves, 
inward slightly. 

3157
03:00:38,000 --> 03:00:42,700
Tools lean against the stone or 
lie on flat surfaces summon you.

3158
03:00:42,700 --> 03:00:44,800
Some of being used so many 
times. 

3159
03:00:44,800 --> 03:00:46,800
Their surfaces are smooth and 
dark. 

3160
03:00:47,500 --> 03:00:50,700
You pick up a stone tool that 
has a small chip along one Edge.

3161
03:00:51,500 --> 03:00:54,300
You notice this chip yesterday 
but did not have time to address

3162
03:00:54,300 --> 03:00:55,500
it. 
Now you do. 

3163
03:00:55,500 --> 03:00:59,300
Now you sit down on a low Rock 
and set the tool on your lap. 

3164
03:00:59,300 --> 03:01:02,300
You reach for a rounded 
Hammerstone nearby and hold it 

3165
03:01:02,300 --> 03:01:04,900
in your other hand. 
The work of reshaping. 

3166
03:01:04,900 --> 03:01:08,400
The Edge requires patience. 
You strike, the stone tool 

3167
03:01:08,400 --> 03:01:11,400
carefully, aiming for the spot 
just behind the chip. 

3168
03:01:12,200 --> 03:01:16,500
A small flake breaks away. 
You examine the result, The Edge

3169
03:01:16,500 --> 03:01:20,600
is better but not quite right. 
You strike again, more gently 

3170
03:01:20,600 --> 03:01:24,400
this time. 
Another flake Falls, the edges 

3171
03:01:24,400 --> 03:01:27,100
sharp. 
And now this process does not 

3172
03:01:27,100 --> 03:01:32,300
demand intense Focus. 
Only a steady Rhythm, your hands

3173
03:01:32,300 --> 03:01:35,400
know what to do. 
You have shaped Stones like this

3174
03:01:35,400 --> 03:01:38,300
since you were young first 
watching others, then trying 

3175
03:01:38,300 --> 03:01:42,400
yourself under their gaze over 
time the movements became 

3176
03:01:42,400 --> 03:01:44,100
automatic around. 
You. 

3177
03:01:44,100 --> 03:01:46,600
Others are engaged in similar 
work. 

3178
03:01:47,400 --> 03:01:51,200
One person is wrapping cordage 
around a wooden handle, securing

3179
03:01:51,200 --> 03:01:53,100
a stone point to make a 
composite tool. 

3180
03:01:54,300 --> 03:01:57,300
The cordage is made from plant 
fibers that were soaked and 

3181
03:01:57,300 --> 03:02:01,400
twisted days ago, the person 
wins at tightly then test The 

3182
03:02:01,400 --> 03:02:04,300
Connection. 
By pressing the stone gently, it

3183
03:02:04,300 --> 03:02:08,900
holds another person sits near 
the shelter wall working with 

3184
03:02:08,900 --> 03:02:12,400
pigments There are shallow 
depressions in the Rock nearby 

3185
03:02:12,400 --> 03:02:15,700
natural bowls where water 
sometimes collects. 

3186
03:02:16,500 --> 03:02:19,400
The person grinds mineral stones
in one of these depressions 

3187
03:02:19,400 --> 03:02:21,700
adding a little water to create 
a paste. 

3188
03:02:22,600 --> 03:02:25,700
Color is deep red earthy and 
Rich. 

3189
03:02:26,400 --> 03:02:28,700
This pigment will be used later 
though. 

3190
03:02:28,700 --> 03:02:32,300
You do not know exactly when or 
for what purpose it is simply 

3191
03:02:32,300 --> 03:02:36,700
part of the ongoing work. 
A child sits beside this person 

3192
03:02:36,700 --> 03:02:41,900
watching closely the child holds
a small Stone and tries to grind

3193
03:02:41,900 --> 03:02:45,900
it in another depression. 
The motion is Clumsy at first. 

3194
03:02:46,800 --> 03:02:50,200
The stones slipping in the 
child's hand the adult reaches 

3195
03:02:50,200 --> 03:02:53,300
over and adjust the child's grip
then lets the child continued. 

3196
03:02:54,200 --> 03:02:57,500
The child's grinding produces 
only a faint smudge of color. 

3197
03:02:58,500 --> 03:03:01,700
That the effort is real you 
finish sharpening your tool and 

3198
03:03:01,700 --> 03:03:05,700
set it down you reach for 
another object a woven mat that 

3199
03:03:05,700 --> 03:03:07,500
has begun to fray along one 
Edge. 

3200
03:03:08,500 --> 03:03:12,200
Fibers there are coming loose 
you pull out a few strands of 

3201
03:03:12,200 --> 03:03:15,900
prepared cordage from a bundle 
nearby and begin weaving them 

3202
03:03:15,900 --> 03:03:19,100
into the damaged section. 
Your fingers move through the 

3203
03:03:19,100 --> 03:03:22,600
pattern without hesitation. 
The repair is simple. 

3204
03:03:22,600 --> 03:03:25,000
A matter of matching, what is 
already there. 

3205
03:03:26,100 --> 03:03:28,300
Nearby. 
Someone is smoothing the surface

3206
03:03:28,300 --> 03:03:32,300
of a wooden digging stick. 
The person uses a rough Stone to

3207
03:03:32,300 --> 03:03:34,400
scrape away. 
Splinters and rough patches. 

3208
03:03:35,300 --> 03:03:38,800
The motion is slow and 
methodical, wood, shavings fall 

3209
03:03:38,800 --> 03:03:42,000
to the ground. 
The stick surface becomes smooth

3210
03:03:42,000 --> 03:03:45,300
with each pass and another 
person is mending, a container 

3211
03:03:45,300 --> 03:03:48,500
made from bark. 
Seam along one side. 

3212
03:03:48,500 --> 03:03:51,600
Has split slightly. 
The person presses the edges 

3213
03:03:51,600 --> 03:03:54,400
back together and wraps them 
with thin strips of wet bark, 

3214
03:03:54,400 --> 03:03:56,900
which will dry tight and hold 
the seam closed. 

3215
03:03:57,800 --> 03:04:02,000
The work is quiet and unrushed. 
You noticed that the shelter 

3216
03:04:02,000 --> 03:04:04,300
itself is also part of this 
ongoing care. 

3217
03:04:04,300 --> 03:04:08,400
The walls are natural stone but 
areas near the entrance of being

3218
03:04:08,400 --> 03:04:12,400
reinforced with piled rocks and 
packed Earth. someone checks the

3219
03:04:12,400 --> 03:04:16,100
spots, periodically adding more 
material, when erosion begins to

3220
03:04:16,100 --> 03:04:20,300
create gaps, This maintenance 
happened, so gradually that it 

3221
03:04:20,300 --> 03:04:23,900
is barely noticeable. 
Yet the shelter remains solid 

3222
03:04:23,900 --> 03:04:27,700
year after year. 
A small fire burned in the 

3223
03:04:27,700 --> 03:04:31,100
Central Area, it has been 
burning continuously for many 

3224
03:04:31,100 --> 03:04:33,700
days. 
Someone adds a few pieces of 

3225
03:04:33,700 --> 03:04:35,700
wood to it now, adjusting the 
placement. 

3226
03:04:35,700 --> 03:04:39,700
So the flame stay even. 
Fire is not for warmth right 

3227
03:04:39,700 --> 03:04:44,200
now, but it is useful tools. 
Can be hardened in its heat food

3228
03:04:44,200 --> 03:04:46,908
can be prepared. 
And its presence is a kind of 

3229
03:04:46,916 --> 03:04:49,100
anchor for all the activity 
around it. 

3230
03:04:49,900 --> 03:04:53,000
You set, aside the repaired Matt
and pick up a bone tool that 

3231
03:04:53,000 --> 03:04:56,500
needs attention. 
The tip has become dull from use

3232
03:04:56,500 --> 03:04:59,100
you, use a stone flake to 
scrape. 

3233
03:04:59,100 --> 03:05:02,500
Along, the tip, shaving away, 
tiny curls of bone until the 

3234
03:05:02,508 --> 03:05:06,900
point is sharp again. 
The bone has a smooth almost 

3235
03:05:06,900 --> 03:05:09,400
polished. 
Feel from handling, the work 

3236
03:05:09,400 --> 03:05:11,300
continues through the middle 
part of the day. 

3237
03:05:11,300 --> 03:05:14,400
There is no clear beginning or 
end of these tasks. 

3238
03:05:15,100 --> 03:05:17,500
When something is finished, 
something else is picked up. 

3239
03:05:19,000 --> 03:05:22,000
when someone tires of one type 
of work, they shift to another 

3240
03:05:22,900 --> 03:05:25,600
The rhythm is personal yet 
somehow synchronized. 

3241
03:05:26,700 --> 03:05:32,100
Everyone contributes, but no one
directs. a breeze moves through 

3242
03:05:32,100 --> 03:05:36,000
the shelter, entrance, stirring 
the air, The smell of dust and 

3243
03:05:36,000 --> 03:05:39,600
stone mingles with the faint of 
the pigments being grown. 

3244
03:05:40,700 --> 03:05:44,600
You hear the scrap of stone on 
wood, the soft tap of tool 

3245
03:05:44,600 --> 03:05:48,300
against tool and the quiet 
Russell of fibers being woven. 

3246
03:05:49,000 --> 03:05:52,000
A young person, not quite a 
child, but not yet. 

3247
03:05:52,000 --> 03:05:55,500
Fully grown sits nearby, 
practicing not work. 

3248
03:05:56,400 --> 03:06:00,100
The person's hands fumble with 
the cordage creating Tangles 

3249
03:06:00,100 --> 03:06:04,400
more often than secure knots. 
And adult glances over says 

3250
03:06:04,400 --> 03:06:07,900
nothing but reaches out and 
slowly demonstrates the motion 

3251
03:06:07,900 --> 03:06:10,600
again. 
The young person watches then 

3252
03:06:10,600 --> 03:06:15,200
tries once more this time than 
not holds you finish with the 

3253
03:06:15,200 --> 03:06:18,400
bone tool and stand. 
Stretching your back, you walk 

3254
03:06:18,400 --> 03:06:20,500
to the shelter entrance and look
out at the land. 

3255
03:06:20,500 --> 03:06:23,600
The lightest shifted Shadows a 
shorter. 

3256
03:06:23,600 --> 03:06:26,600
Now, the day is moving forward 
in its familiar way. 

3257
03:06:27,500 --> 03:06:30,100
When you return to your spot you
pick up a hide that needs 

3258
03:06:30,100 --> 03:06:32,900
softening. 
The Hyde has been dried and now 

3259
03:06:32,900 --> 03:06:35,400
feel stiff. 
You work it between your hands 

3260
03:06:35,400 --> 03:06:39,300
bending and flexing it rubbing 
it against a smooth Stone. 

3261
03:06:40,200 --> 03:06:43,500
Gradually the fibers begin to 
loose and hide becomes more 

3262
03:06:43,500 --> 03:06:45,900
pliable. 
This process will take time 

3263
03:06:45,900 --> 03:06:48,900
perhaps the rest of the day. 
Perhaps longer, there is no 

3264
03:06:48,900 --> 03:06:52,900
hurry around you, others 
continued their own tasks, the 

3265
03:06:52,900 --> 03:06:56,100
sound of making and mending for 
a steady background hum. 

3266
03:06:56,100 --> 03:07:00,900
It is the sound of continuity of
objects being kept useful of 

3267
03:07:00,900 --> 03:07:04,600
materials being shaped and 
reshaped to meet familiar needs.

3268
03:07:05,500 --> 03:07:07,900
Children move through the space 
with a kind of easy. 

3269
03:07:07,900 --> 03:07:10,300
Freedom. 
They are not confined or 

3270
03:07:10,300 --> 03:07:12,800
directed but neither are they 
alone? 

3271
03:07:13,500 --> 03:07:17,800
Adults are always nearby. 
Always aware even when their 

3272
03:07:17,800 --> 03:07:20,500
attention seems elsewhere. 
You see a young child? 

3273
03:07:20,500 --> 03:07:23,400
Perhaps three or four years old,
crouching near the fire? 

3274
03:07:24,300 --> 03:07:26,700
The child is poking at the edge 
of the Ash with a stick 

3275
03:07:26,700 --> 03:07:28,800
watching. 
How the ash collapses and 

3276
03:07:28,800 --> 03:07:33,000
reforms with each prod. 
An adult sits close by working 

3277
03:07:33,000 --> 03:07:35,700
on a tool. 
The adult does not look directly

3278
03:07:35,700 --> 03:07:38,900
at the child, but you can tell 
the adult is tracking the 

3279
03:07:38,900 --> 03:07:42,800
child's position ready to move. 
If the child gets too close to 

3280
03:07:42,800 --> 03:07:47,000
the flames. 
And another child slightly older

3281
03:07:47,000 --> 03:07:50,200
wanders over to where someone is
preparing five years. 

3282
03:07:50,900 --> 03:07:54,000
The child picks up a loose 
Strand and tries to twist it the

3283
03:07:54,000 --> 03:07:56,200
way. 
The adult is doing the twist 

3284
03:07:56,200 --> 03:07:59,400
comes undone immediately. 
The child tries again. 

3285
03:08:00,300 --> 03:08:03,600
The adult watches for a moment 
then reaches over and shows the 

3286
03:08:03,600 --> 03:08:06,800
motion more slowly. 
Child, mimics it. 

3287
03:08:06,800 --> 03:08:11,700
This time the twist holds a 
little longer Child Care here is

3288
03:08:11,700 --> 03:08:14,800
not a separate task. 
It is woven into everything 

3289
03:08:14,800 --> 03:08:17,300
else. 
Children are simply present 

3290
03:08:17,300 --> 03:08:21,600
learning by watching and trying 
corrected, gently when 

3291
03:08:21,600 --> 03:08:25,000
necessary, and mostly left to 
explore within the safe 

3292
03:08:25,000 --> 03:08:28,800
boundaries that adults create 
without singing them. a group of

3293
03:08:28,800 --> 03:08:32,000
children plays near the shelter 
entrance, they're building 

3294
03:08:32,000 --> 03:08:35,400
something from stones and 
sticks, arranging them in 

3295
03:08:35,400 --> 03:08:37,200
patterns that make sense only to
them. 

3296
03:08:37,900 --> 03:08:41,700
Their voices, rise and fall. 
One child disagrees with another

3297
03:08:41,700 --> 03:08:45,700
about where a stone should go. 
They negotiate briefly then 

3298
03:08:45,700 --> 03:08:49,000
rearrange the pattern. 
The disagreement dissolves as 

3299
03:08:49,000 --> 03:08:52,800
quickly as it appeared. and 
adult walks past the playing 

3300
03:08:52,800 --> 03:08:57,100
children, pauses glances down at
their construction and then 

3301
03:08:57,100 --> 03:09:01,200
continues on The pause is brief 
but attentive. 

3302
03:09:01,200 --> 03:09:04,300
The adult is assessed that 
everything is fine. 

3303
03:09:04,300 --> 03:09:07,600
The children do not look up. 
There are absorbed in their 

3304
03:09:07,600 --> 03:09:10,600
work. 
You notice an infant secured to 

3305
03:09:10,600 --> 03:09:12,500
an adult's back with a woven 
sling. 

3306
03:09:13,600 --> 03:09:17,100
Ya adult is moving around the 
shelter area, Gathering items 

3307
03:09:17,100 --> 03:09:20,900
and organizing materials, the 
infants head Bob's gently with 

3308
03:09:20,900 --> 03:09:23,300
the movement. 
The infant is awake. 

3309
03:09:23,300 --> 03:09:27,100
Eyes, open watching the world 
from the safe vantage point. 

3310
03:09:27,900 --> 03:09:30,600
The adult reaches back 
occasionally to adjust the sling

3311
03:09:30,600 --> 03:09:32,600
and sharing the infant is 
comfortable. 

3312
03:09:33,600 --> 03:09:36,100
And other infant lies on a soft 
hide near. 

3313
03:09:36,100 --> 03:09:40,500
West several adults are sitting.
The infant is on its back arms 

3314
03:09:40,500 --> 03:09:43,000
and legs moving in. 
The aimless way of very young 

3315
03:09:43,000 --> 03:09:45,900
children. 
And adult reaches over now and 

3316
03:09:45,900 --> 03:09:49,600
then to touch the infant's belly
or hand offering brief contact. 

3317
03:09:50,300 --> 03:09:53,700
The infant does not fuss. 
A presence of others is enough. 

3318
03:09:54,500 --> 03:09:57,400
Children old enough to walk, but
still young enough to tie a 

3319
03:09:57,400 --> 03:09:59,600
easily drift between activity 
and rest. 

3320
03:10:00,500 --> 03:10:04,500
One child plays energetically 
for a while then comes and sits 

3321
03:10:04,500 --> 03:10:07,100
in an adult's. 
Lap, leaning back half asleep. 

3322
03:10:07,900 --> 03:10:10,000
The adult continues to talking 
with another person. 

3323
03:10:10,000 --> 03:10:12,300
One arm Loosely around the 
child. 

3324
03:10:13,300 --> 03:10:17,600
After a while, the child stirs 
slides down wanders off to play 

3325
03:10:17,600 --> 03:10:20,200
again. 
You watch a young child attempt 

3326
03:10:20,200 --> 03:10:23,200
to climb onto a low Rock. 
The child's legs are not quite 

3327
03:10:23,200 --> 03:10:26,000
long enough. 
The child tries several times 

3328
03:10:26,000 --> 03:10:28,800
each attempt ending with a slide
back down. 

3329
03:10:30,100 --> 03:10:34,100
An older child, perhaps seven or
eight notice is and comes over. 

3330
03:10:35,000 --> 03:10:37,600
the older child does not lift 
the younger one but instead 

3331
03:10:37,600 --> 03:10:42,200
shows how to use a smaller Stone
as a step, The younger child 

3332
03:10:42,200 --> 03:10:46,200
tries this method and succeeds. 
Both children seemed satisfied. 

3333
03:10:47,300 --> 03:10:50,600
Feeding happens throughout the 
day when food is prepared 

3334
03:10:50,600 --> 03:10:52,800
children, come and take what 
they want. 

3335
03:10:53,900 --> 03:10:57,400
Little then, run off. 
They returned later and eat 

3336
03:10:57,400 --> 03:11:01,400
more, no one scolds them for 
this irregular pattern it is 

3337
03:11:01,400 --> 03:11:06,500
simply how children eat an adult
sits shaping a piece of wood a 

3338
03:11:06,500 --> 03:11:09,200
child leans against the adult 
side watching the work. 

3339
03:11:09,200 --> 03:11:12,300
The child asks, a question 
though. 

3340
03:11:12,300 --> 03:11:15,700
You cannot hear what it is. 
The adult answers, briefly and 

3341
03:11:15,700 --> 03:11:18,900
continues working. 
The child seems content with 

3342
03:11:18,900 --> 03:11:21,800
this response and stays leaning 
their quiet. 

3343
03:11:21,800 --> 03:11:26,300
Now, simply being closed. 
You see another child carrying a

3344
03:11:26,300 --> 03:11:29,300
small container, perhaps 
imitating the Gathering work 

3345
03:11:29,300 --> 03:11:33,200
done by adults. 
Container is mostly empty except

3346
03:11:33,200 --> 03:11:38,200
for a few leaves and a stick. 
The child walks with purpose as 

3347
03:11:38,200 --> 03:11:42,300
if on an important errand. an 
adult Smiles slightly as the 

3348
03:11:42,308 --> 03:11:46,200
child passes, but to does not 
comment like time care, begins 

3349
03:11:46,200 --> 03:11:51,300
long before full dark As the sun
lowers children start to slow 

3350
03:11:51,300 --> 03:11:54,700
down, naturally their play 
becomes less energetic. 

3351
03:11:54,700 --> 03:11:58,600
They sit more often, they seek 
out adults, more frequently 

3352
03:11:58,600 --> 03:12:01,500
leaning against them and 
climbing into lapse. 

3353
03:12:02,400 --> 03:12:04,700
One. 
Child becomes fussy, rubbing 

3354
03:12:04,700 --> 03:12:08,500
eyes and whimpering. 
An adult picks the child up and 

3355
03:12:08,500 --> 03:12:10,500
walks slowly around the shelter 
area. 

3356
03:12:10,500 --> 03:12:14,500
Swaying slightly. 
The child's head rests on the 

3357
03:12:14,508 --> 03:12:18,500
adults shoulder. 
The whimpering Fades the child's

3358
03:12:18,500 --> 03:12:21,600
eyes closed. 
The adult continues walking for 

3359
03:12:21,600 --> 03:12:23,900
a while. 
Longer than sits down carefully 

3360
03:12:23,900 --> 03:12:27,300
still holding the child. 
Of the children are already 

3361
03:12:27,300 --> 03:12:29,900
lying down on hides near the 
back of the shelter. 

3362
03:12:30,700 --> 03:12:34,100
The curl up close to adults or 
to each other, their bodies 

3363
03:12:34,100 --> 03:12:36,200
relax into sleep. 
Without resistance. 

3364
03:12:36,200 --> 03:12:40,600
There is no formal bed time, no 
ritual, sleep, simply comes when

3365
03:12:40,600 --> 03:12:44,000
it comes. 
And older child lies down, but 

3366
03:12:44,000 --> 03:12:46,900
is not yet to sleep. 
The child stares at the shelter 

3367
03:12:46,900 --> 03:12:51,800
seeing eyes open. 
An adult lies down, nearby, not 

3368
03:12:51,800 --> 03:12:54,600
touching the child, but close 
enough that the child can see 

3369
03:12:54,600 --> 03:12:58,300
another person there. 
After a while, the child's eyes 

3370
03:12:58,300 --> 03:13:01,500
begin to drift? 
Close to you, see a child wake 

3371
03:13:01,500 --> 03:13:02,800
briefly in the middle of the 
night? 

3372
03:13:03,600 --> 03:13:07,400
The child sits up looks around 
and sees the dim shapes of 

3373
03:13:07,400 --> 03:13:12,000
others sleeping nearby. 
The child lies back down and is 

3374
03:13:12,000 --> 03:13:14,600
still again. 
No one has moved to comfort the 

3375
03:13:14,600 --> 03:13:18,000
child. 
The child did not need it, this 

3376
03:13:18,000 --> 03:13:20,300
pattern of care requires no 
discussion. 

3377
03:13:20,300 --> 03:13:23,700
It is maintained by Presence by 
watchfulness. 

3378
03:13:23,700 --> 03:13:26,500
That does not intrude and buy a 
shared. 

3379
03:13:26,500 --> 03:13:29,100
Understanding that children are 
everyone's concern. 

3380
03:13:29,800 --> 03:13:33,000
The children move freely, but 
they are always tethered. 

3381
03:13:33,000 --> 03:13:37,300
Always held within a web of 
attention that keeps them safe 

3382
03:13:37,300 --> 03:13:40,900
without confining them. 
Work does not fill every moment 

3383
03:13:40,900 --> 03:13:44,000
throughout the day. 
There are natural, pauses times 

3384
03:13:44,000 --> 03:13:47,900
when people simply stop and sit 
and times when movement Slows To

3385
03:13:47,900 --> 03:13:50,800
almost nothing. 
You finish a task and set your 

3386
03:13:50,808 --> 03:13:53,500
tool down, instead of 
immediately picking up something

3387
03:13:53,500 --> 03:13:56,200
else, you sit. 
The Rock you're sitting on is 

3388
03:13:56,200 --> 03:14:00,100
smooth and warm from the Sun, 
you lean back slightly letting 

3389
03:14:00,100 --> 03:14:03,000
your weight settle. 
There is no particular reason to

3390
03:14:03,000 --> 03:14:07,700
move right now around you others
are all so resting, One person 

3391
03:14:07,700 --> 03:14:11,800
lies on their back on a flat 
area of ground eyes, closed face

3392
03:14:11,800 --> 03:14:15,500
turned toward the sky. 
Another person sits with legs 

3393
03:14:15,500 --> 03:14:19,100
stretched out hands loose in 
lap, gazing at nothing in 

3394
03:14:19,100 --> 03:14:21,900
particular. 
Silence is comfortable. 

3395
03:14:22,800 --> 03:14:26,100
A child runs past, then stops 
and flops down onto the ground 

3396
03:14:26,100 --> 03:14:29,000
nearby. 
The child's breathing is quick 

3397
03:14:29,000 --> 03:14:32,500
from exertion. 
The child lies, their limbs 

3398
03:14:32,500 --> 03:14:35,200
sprawled and does not get up for
a long time. 

3399
03:14:36,200 --> 03:14:38,700
No one tells the child to keep 
playing or to do anything 

3400
03:14:38,700 --> 03:14:41,900
useful. 
Child simply rests. 

3401
03:14:42,500 --> 03:14:44,700
You watch the way light moves 
across the landscape. 

3402
03:14:44,700 --> 03:14:47,400
The sun has passed its highest 
point. 

3403
03:14:47,400 --> 03:14:51,800
Now, Shadows have begun to 
lengthen, the air is warm but 

3404
03:14:51,800 --> 03:14:55,700
not uncomfortably so a light 
Breeze, occasionally stirs 

3405
03:14:55,700 --> 03:14:58,000
bringing with it, the center of 
grass and dust. 

3406
03:14:58,900 --> 03:15:01,900
Someone nearby is sitting in the
shade of the shelter entrance 

3407
03:15:01,900 --> 03:15:05,800
back against The Rock Wall. 
This person is not asleep, but 

3408
03:15:05,800 --> 03:15:08,200
is very still with eyes half 
closed. 

3409
03:15:09,100 --> 03:15:12,600
The person's hands rest on 
knees, breathing is slow. 

3410
03:15:12,600 --> 03:15:16,900
And even rest is not Sleek 
though, sometimes it becomes 

3411
03:15:16,900 --> 03:15:20,100
sleep. 
Rest is simply the absence of 

3412
03:15:20,100 --> 03:15:22,700
effort, the permission to be 
still. 

3413
03:15:23,600 --> 03:15:25,200
It does not require 
justification. 

3414
03:15:26,400 --> 03:15:31,200
When body's attired, they rest 
when tasks are complete, there 

3415
03:15:31,200 --> 03:15:34,800
is time to sit. 
This is understood by everyone. 

3416
03:15:34,800 --> 03:15:38,200
You notice an older person 
sitting a little apart from the 

3417
03:15:38,200 --> 03:15:41,700
group, this person rests more 
often now than they used to, 

3418
03:15:41,700 --> 03:15:46,200
you, remember when this person 
was quicker and more active age 

3419
03:15:46,200 --> 03:15:49,300
has changed the Rhythm, a 
person's contributions are 

3420
03:15:49,300 --> 03:15:51,400
different. 
Now more about knowledge shared 

3421
03:15:51,400 --> 03:15:56,100
and Quiet Moments Than Physical 
tasks completed The person sits 

3422
03:15:56,100 --> 03:15:58,900
and watches. 
And this too is a valid way to 

3423
03:15:58,900 --> 03:16:01,900
spend time. 
A group of people sits together 

3424
03:16:01,908 --> 03:16:05,500
in a loose cluster, not talking 
just being near each other. 

3425
03:16:06,400 --> 03:16:10,000
One person, idly picks up the 
ground with a stick making small

3426
03:16:10,000 --> 03:16:13,000
marks in the dirt. 
And other person watches this 

3427
03:16:13,000 --> 03:16:15,400
without comment. 
The marks mean nothing. 

3428
03:16:15,400 --> 03:16:19,400
The activity is simply something
to do with hands while resting. 

3429
03:16:20,400 --> 03:16:23,900
You stand after a while and walk
slowly to the Water Source. 

3430
03:16:23,900 --> 03:16:27,900
You drink cupping water in your 
hands and bringing it to your 

3431
03:16:27,900 --> 03:16:30,600
mouth. 
Water is cool and clean. 

3432
03:16:30,600 --> 03:16:34,800
You drink until you're no longer
thirsty, then sit down beside 

3433
03:16:34,800 --> 03:16:36,500
the water. 
You can hear. 

3434
03:16:36,500 --> 03:16:38,700
It's gentle movement over 
stones. 

3435
03:16:39,500 --> 03:16:41,700
The Sound is constant and 
soothing. 

3436
03:16:42,700 --> 03:16:46,300
And another person comes to 
drink, this person sits down 

3437
03:16:46,300 --> 03:16:48,800
near you. 
After drinking neither of you 

3438
03:16:48,800 --> 03:16:52,300
speaks the presence of another 
person is pleasant but does not 

3439
03:16:52,300 --> 03:16:55,800
require conversation. 
You both simply sit looking at 

3440
03:16:55,808 --> 03:16:58,500
the water at the plants growing 
along its Edge. 

3441
03:16:58,500 --> 03:17:02,800
And at the way light reflects 
off the surface, the days he is 

3442
03:17:02,800 --> 03:17:05,600
easing. 
Now the sun is lower and the 

3443
03:17:05,600 --> 03:17:08,300
airfields less heavy. 
This time of day. 

3444
03:17:08,300 --> 03:17:11,200
Often brings a kind of 
collective, slowness people, 

3445
03:17:11,200 --> 03:17:14,300
move less tasks are set aside 
more readily. 

3446
03:17:14,300 --> 03:17:18,100
There is an unspoken agreement 
that evening is approaching and 

3447
03:17:18,100 --> 03:17:21,700
with it will come different 
activities, but for now, rest is

3448
03:17:21,700 --> 03:17:24,700
what the moment. 
Holds your return to the shelter

3449
03:17:24,700 --> 03:17:27,300
area. 
You see people in various states

3450
03:17:27,300 --> 03:17:31,500
of repose, some are sitting some
are lying down and some are in 

3451
03:17:31,500 --> 03:17:34,400
that in between state where they
are awake but not quite present.

3452
03:17:34,400 --> 03:17:39,400
Minds drifting. 
A child sits in an adult's lap. 

3453
03:17:39,400 --> 03:17:42,300
The adults are arms, are Loosely
around the child. 

3454
03:17:42,300 --> 03:17:48,200
Both of very still the child's 
eyes are open but unfocused the 

3455
03:17:48,200 --> 03:17:50,600
adults chin rests on top of the 
child's head. 

3456
03:17:51,400 --> 03:17:54,900
They are simply being together 
sharing warmth and presents. 

3457
03:17:55,900 --> 03:17:59,500
You find a spot near the shelter
wall and sit down, he lean your 

3458
03:17:59,500 --> 03:18:02,800
head back against the stone. 
The surface is hard, but 

3459
03:18:02,800 --> 03:18:06,800
familiar you close your eyes. 
Behind your eyelids. 

3460
03:18:06,800 --> 03:18:08,700
The light is red orange from the
Sun. 

3461
03:18:08,700 --> 03:18:12,500
You can hear the sounds of the 
camp quiet, breathing. 

3462
03:18:13,300 --> 03:18:17,000
Occasional shift of a body, the 
faint crackle of the fire and 

3463
03:18:17,000 --> 03:18:20,500
distant bird calls. 
Time passes in a way. 

3464
03:18:20,508 --> 03:18:24,400
That is hard to measure when you
open your eyes again, the light 

3465
03:18:24,400 --> 03:18:28,500
has changed the sun, is lowest 
still others are beginning to 

3466
03:18:28,508 --> 03:18:31,600
stir, moving toward the tasks 
that come with evening. 

3467
03:18:31,600 --> 03:18:36,600
But for now you remain sitting, 
there is no urgency, the day 

3468
03:18:36,600 --> 03:18:39,600
will progress at its own pace 
and you will join in when you 

3469
03:18:39,600 --> 03:18:42,000
are ready. 
As the day moves into the late 

3470
03:18:42,000 --> 03:18:45,500
afternoon, attention gradually 
shifts toward food. 

3471
03:18:46,600 --> 03:18:50,300
People begin Gathering near the 
central fire area the gathered 

3472
03:18:50,300 --> 03:18:52,800
materials, from the morning are 
brought out and examined. 

3473
03:18:52,800 --> 03:18:56,300
You see, someone sorting through
roots that were dug up early. 

3474
03:18:57,100 --> 03:19:00,600
The person brushes off the 
remaining, dirt sets aside any 

3475
03:19:00,600 --> 03:19:03,500
that a damaged and arranged the 
good ones in a pile. 

3476
03:19:04,300 --> 03:19:07,900
The roots of pale and firm their
surfaces slightly bumpy. 

3477
03:19:08,700 --> 03:19:11,100
And other person works with the 
fruits that were gathered. 

3478
03:19:11,800 --> 03:19:16,400
Summary to Fresh simply picked 
up and biting into others are 

3479
03:19:16,400 --> 03:19:19,400
set aside, perhaps to be used 
later in a different way. 

3480
03:19:21,300 --> 03:19:25,700
Person Works methodically 
creating small organized groups.

3481
03:19:26,400 --> 03:19:29,700
The fire is built up. 
Slightly more wood is added. 

3482
03:19:30,600 --> 03:19:32,300
Flames. 
Grow taller and the heat 

3483
03:19:32,300 --> 03:19:35,200
intensifies. 
Flat stones are placed near the 

3484
03:19:35,208 --> 03:19:37,200
fire's Edge where they will heat
slowly. 

3485
03:19:38,200 --> 03:19:40,800
You pick up a few of the roots 
and carry them to the water 

3486
03:19:40,800 --> 03:19:44,000
source. 
You rinse them, rubbing away any

3487
03:19:44,000 --> 03:19:46,300
clinging dirt? 
The water runs. 

3488
03:19:46,300 --> 03:19:49,400
Clear over your hands. 
When the roots are clean, you 

3489
03:19:49,400 --> 03:19:51,700
carry them back to the fire area
and set them down. 

3490
03:19:52,500 --> 03:19:56,000
Someone takes these roots and 
begins to prepare them using a 

3491
03:19:56,008 --> 03:19:59,500
sharp Stone flake, the person 
Cuts them into smaller pieces, 

3492
03:19:59,500 --> 03:20:02,000
the pieces are then wrapped in 
large leaves. 

3493
03:20:02,000 --> 03:20:04,100
The same kind, you gather 
earlier. 

3494
03:20:04,900 --> 03:20:07,800
The rap bundles are placed 
directly into the coals, the 

3495
03:20:07,800 --> 03:20:10,400
fire's Edge. 
Other Foods, require different 

3496
03:20:10,400 --> 03:20:12,400
preparation. 
Seeds. 

3497
03:20:12,400 --> 03:20:16,200
That were gathered are placed in
a shallow Stone depression and 

3498
03:20:16,200 --> 03:20:20,200
ground with a rounded Stone. 
The motion is rhythmic and 

3499
03:20:20,208 --> 03:20:23,900
produces a course powered. 
A little water is added to form 

3500
03:20:23,900 --> 03:20:27,000
a thick paste. 
This Paste can be shaped and 

3501
03:20:27,000 --> 03:20:31,500
heated or simply eaten as it is.
Someone is preparing meat that 

3502
03:20:31,500 --> 03:20:35,000
was obtained a day or two ago, 
the meat has been stored in a 

3503
03:20:35,008 --> 03:20:39,400
cool spot and still good. 
The person cuts it into strips 

3504
03:20:39,400 --> 03:20:43,000
using a stone Blade, the strips 
are then laid across a wooden 

3505
03:20:43,000 --> 03:20:46,300
frame position near the fire, 
where the Heat and smoke will 

3506
03:20:46,300 --> 03:20:49,300
cook them slowly. 
Children come and take small 

3507
03:20:49,300 --> 03:20:51,100
pieces of food as they are 
prepared. 

3508
03:20:51,100 --> 03:20:55,100
They eat while standing or 
wander away with food in hand. 

3509
03:20:55,800 --> 03:21:00,200
Adults eat as well, but more 
slowly often while continuing to

3510
03:21:00,200 --> 03:21:04,000
work. you reach for one of the 
fruits and eat it, The Taste is 

3511
03:21:04,000 --> 03:21:08,400
familiar and pleasant you take 
another, then another The eating

3512
03:21:08,400 --> 03:21:12,700
is casual driven by hunger 
rather than ceremony wrapped 

3513
03:21:12,700 --> 03:21:14,700
roots are pulled from the coals 
using sticks. 

3514
03:21:14,700 --> 03:21:17,200
The leaves are blackened and 
smoking. 

3515
03:21:18,300 --> 03:21:21,500
Someone carefully unwraps, one 
peeling back, the child Leaf to 

3516
03:21:21,500 --> 03:21:25,400
reveal the steamed root inside. 
The person breaks off a piece 

3517
03:21:25,400 --> 03:21:27,000
and eats it chewing 
thoughtfully. 

3518
03:21:27,700 --> 03:21:31,300
Satisfied, the personal leaves 
the rest for others, a large, 

3519
03:21:31,300 --> 03:21:34,800
hide his on the ground, and 
various prepared foods are 

3520
03:21:34,800 --> 03:21:37,400
placed on it. 
People sit around this hide 

3521
03:21:37,400 --> 03:21:40,400
reaching for what they want. 
There is no particular order. 

3522
03:21:40,400 --> 03:21:43,900
People take what appeals to 
them, eat until they are 

3523
03:21:43,900 --> 03:21:48,600
satisfied, and then move away, 
others take their place, you sit

3524
03:21:48,600 --> 03:21:50,900
down near the hide, and select 
several items. 

3525
03:21:50,900 --> 03:21:53,700
You eat slowly tasting each 
thing. 

3526
03:21:54,500 --> 03:21:58,100
A flavors are simple, but 
satisfying, there is a pleasant 

3527
03:21:58,100 --> 03:22:00,600
tiredness in your body from the 
day's activity. 

3528
03:22:00,600 --> 03:22:05,900
The food eases this tiredness 
conversation is quiet and 

3529
03:22:05,900 --> 03:22:08,200
sporadic. 
Someone mentioned something 

3530
03:22:08,200 --> 03:22:12,200
noticed during the Gathering. 
Another person responds briefly.

3531
03:22:13,000 --> 03:22:16,300
The talk is not urgent or 
animated, just the gentle 

3532
03:22:16,300 --> 03:22:20,100
exchange of observations. 
Child sits down next to you and 

3533
03:22:20,108 --> 03:22:21,800
takes a piece of food from the 
hide. 

3534
03:22:22,500 --> 03:22:26,000
The child eats quickly, then 
takes more you hand, the child, 

3535
03:22:26,000 --> 03:22:29,700
a piece of fruit, the child, 
accepts it and bites into it 

3536
03:22:29,700 --> 03:22:32,100
juice running down the child's 
chin. 

3537
03:22:32,800 --> 03:22:35,900
Someone tends the fire adjusting
the wood to maintain an even 

3538
03:22:35,908 --> 03:22:38,800
Heat. 
The meat strips on the frame are

3539
03:22:38,800 --> 03:22:42,600
beginning to darker and curl at 
the edges, the smell is Savory. 

3540
03:22:42,600 --> 03:22:46,600
And appealing the preparation of
food is not a single event but 

3541
03:22:46,600 --> 03:22:49,400
an ongoing process that 
stretches across the later 

3542
03:22:49,400 --> 03:22:53,700
afternoon. 
People prepare eat, prepare more

3543
03:22:53,700 --> 03:22:57,100
and eat again. 
The rhythm is loose and 

3544
03:22:57,100 --> 03:23:02,000
accommodating. as the sun begins
to lower toward the Horizon, the

3545
03:23:02,000 --> 03:23:06,200
intensity of food preparation 
eases most of the gathered 

3546
03:23:06,200 --> 03:23:09,600
materials have been processed or
set aside bellies are full. 

3547
03:23:09,600 --> 03:23:13,500
The pace slows you see an older 
persons sitting near the fire 

3548
03:23:13,500 --> 03:23:15,700
eating very slowly chewing with 
care. 

3549
03:23:16,600 --> 03:23:19,400
A personal pauses often between 
bites resting. 

3550
03:23:19,400 --> 03:23:22,600
There is no rush. 
Person will finish when they 

3551
03:23:22,600 --> 03:23:25,100
finish. 
Seeds that were Ground earlier 

3552
03:23:25,100 --> 03:23:28,100
are mixed with a little fat and 
shaped into small cakes. 

3553
03:23:28,800 --> 03:23:30,400
These are placed on the hot 
Stones. 

3554
03:23:30,400 --> 03:23:33,600
Near the fire, they could 
quickly their surfaces turning 

3555
03:23:33,600 --> 03:23:37,400
golden, When they are done, they
are lifted off the stones with 

3556
03:23:37,400 --> 03:23:41,100
sticks and set aside to cool. 
You take one of these cakes when

3557
03:23:41,100 --> 03:23:44,100
it is cooled enough to handle 
you break it in half. 

3558
03:23:45,300 --> 03:23:50,000
The inside is soft and slightly.
Crumbly you eat one half, then 

3559
03:23:50,000 --> 03:23:52,900
the other The Taste is mild and 
earthy. 

3560
03:23:53,700 --> 03:23:54,800
Food. 
That is not eaten. 

3561
03:23:54,800 --> 03:23:59,400
Now will be available later. 
Some things keep well others 

3562
03:23:59,400 --> 03:24:01,000
will be consumed over the next 
day. 

3563
03:24:02,000 --> 03:24:04,300
There is an intuitive 
understanding of what should be 

3564
03:24:04,300 --> 03:24:09,200
eaten soon and what can wait. 
Fire settles into a lower 

3565
03:24:09,200 --> 03:24:12,200
steadier burn. 
The heat is less intense. 

3566
03:24:12,200 --> 03:24:16,100
People begin to move away from 
the immediate area finding spots

3567
03:24:16,100 --> 03:24:21,100
to sit and digest to rest. 
After eating you lean back and 

3568
03:24:21,100 --> 03:24:22,400
let your hands rest on your 
stomach. 

3569
03:24:22,400 --> 03:24:27,000
You feel full and content. 
The light is soft and now 

3570
03:24:27,000 --> 03:24:30,300
evening is beginning to arrive 
bringing with it. 

3571
03:24:30,300 --> 03:24:33,100
The particular quality of that 
time of day, when activity, 

3572
03:24:33,100 --> 03:24:38,200
winds down and the land prepares
for night, The sun has dropped 

3573
03:24:38,200 --> 03:24:40,300
low enough. 
That it's light comes at a 

3574
03:24:40,300 --> 03:24:45,200
slant, casting Long Shadows and 
painting the landscape in warmer

3575
03:24:45,200 --> 03:24:47,700
tones. 
People gather near the fire 

3576
03:24:47,700 --> 03:24:51,700
drawn by the comfort of its 
light and heat as the air begins

3577
03:24:51,700 --> 03:24:54,700
to cool. 
You sit on the ground close to 

3578
03:24:54,700 --> 03:24:57,600
the Flames. 
The warmth feels good on your 

3579
03:24:57,600 --> 03:25:01,100
face and hands. 
Others arrange themselves in a 

3580
03:25:01,100 --> 03:25:05,000
loose circle around the fire. 
Some sit on rocks, some on the 

3581
03:25:05,000 --> 03:25:09,300
ground and some unfolded hides. 
The arrangement is casual but 

3582
03:25:09,300 --> 03:25:12,300
deliberate enough that everyone 
has a view of the fire and of 

3583
03:25:12,300 --> 03:25:15,600
each other. 
The fire itself is steady now, 

3584
03:25:15,600 --> 03:25:20,400
Flames, low, and even coals 
growing deep red underneath. 

3585
03:25:21,100 --> 03:25:25,200
Someone had to piece of wood. 
The wood catchers and the Flames

3586
03:25:25,200 --> 03:25:28,900
rise briefly, then settle again.
The light flickers across 

3587
03:25:28,900 --> 03:25:33,100
phases, in Illuminating them and
shifting patterns, conversation 

3588
03:25:33,100 --> 03:25:37,300
is quieter at this time of day 
voice is a software people, 

3589
03:25:37,300 --> 03:25:40,900
speak less frequently and in 
short a phrases much of the 

3590
03:25:40,900 --> 03:25:43,500
communication happens through 
glance and gesture. 

3591
03:25:44,100 --> 03:25:45,600
Someone points toward the 
Horizon. 

3592
03:25:45,600 --> 03:25:49,400
Others look. 
Sunset is unfolding in bands of 

3593
03:25:49,408 --> 03:25:52,300
color. 
Orange, pink and deepening blue.

3594
03:25:52,300 --> 03:25:54,700
You notice children settling 
down. 

3595
03:25:55,600 --> 03:25:58,000
The Restless energy of the day 
is faded. 

3596
03:25:58,000 --> 03:26:02,200
They sit closer to adults now 
leaning against legs or tucking 

3597
03:26:02,200 --> 03:26:05,700
themselves into lapse. 
One child lies on the ground 

3598
03:26:05,700 --> 03:26:11,400
with head pillowed on an adult's
thigh, eyes open, but heavy. an 

3599
03:26:11,400 --> 03:26:14,200
older person is working on 
something hands moving slowly in

3600
03:26:14,200 --> 03:26:18,400
the fire like You cannot see 
exactly what it is, but the 

3601
03:26:18,400 --> 03:26:22,300
motion is familiar. 
Careful repetitive work. 

3602
03:26:23,200 --> 03:26:26,400
The person's faces calm focused 
inward. 

3603
03:26:26,400 --> 03:26:30,100
No one interrupts the smell of 
the fire is Pleasant. 

3604
03:26:30,100 --> 03:26:34,100
A mix of wood smoke in the faint
Center of roasted Foods, still 

3605
03:26:34,100 --> 03:26:37,700
lingering from early. 
The smoke Rises and disperses 

3606
03:26:37,700 --> 03:26:40,900
into the evening air. 
Sometimes the wind shifts and 

3607
03:26:40,900 --> 03:26:44,800
the smoke blows toward you. 
You turn your head slightly and 

3608
03:26:44,800 --> 03:26:47,700
it passes. 
You hear the sounds of the land 

3609
03:26:47,700 --> 03:26:51,500
as day transitions to night. 
Birds are making their evening 

3610
03:26:51,500 --> 03:26:54,300
calls different from the sounds 
of midday. 

3611
03:26:55,200 --> 03:27:00,100
Insects begin to whom and chirp.
The air feels full of somehow as

3612
03:27:00,100 --> 03:27:02,400
if the cooling temperature 
brings, everything closer. 

3613
03:27:03,600 --> 03:27:07,300
Someone starts to hum a low 
sound without clear, Melody. 

3614
03:27:07,900 --> 03:27:12,800
another person joins in matching
the tone, The humming continues 

3615
03:27:12,800 --> 03:27:15,000
for a while then Fades 
naturally. 

3616
03:27:16,000 --> 03:27:20,600
It is not quite music, more a 
shared sound, a way of being 

3617
03:27:20,600 --> 03:27:25,000
together without words, a child 
asks, a question and adult 

3618
03:27:25,000 --> 03:27:28,800
answers in a quiet voice. 
The child seems satisfied and 

3619
03:27:28,800 --> 03:27:33,000
snuggles closer And other child 
is already asleep. 

3620
03:27:33,000 --> 03:27:37,200
Curled up on high, even near the
fires edge face peaceful in the 

3621
03:27:37,200 --> 03:27:39,700
warm light. 
You look around at the faces in 

3622
03:27:39,700 --> 03:27:41,700
the circle. 
These are the people you see 

3623
03:27:41,700 --> 03:27:44,800
every day. 
Who's presents is a familiar as 

3624
03:27:44,800 --> 03:27:48,500
the landscape itself. 
There is comfort in this 

3625
03:27:48,500 --> 03:27:53,000
familiarity in knowing without 
thinking who will be here and in

3626
03:27:53,000 --> 03:27:56,900
recognizing the particular way 
each person sits or moved. 

3627
03:27:57,900 --> 03:28:02,100
The light continues to fade the 
sky above is turning from Blue 

3628
03:28:02,100 --> 03:28:05,500
to Deep Purple. 
First stars are beginning to 

3629
03:28:05,500 --> 03:28:09,700
appear faint but visible if you 
know where to look, you gaze up 

3630
03:28:09,700 --> 03:28:13,000
at them, they're always there. 
These lights in the night, sky 

3631
03:28:13,000 --> 03:28:17,400
constant and distant. 
Someone shifts position, adding 

3632
03:28:17,400 --> 03:28:18,700
another piece of wood to the 
fire. 

3633
03:28:19,400 --> 03:28:22,900
The motion is unhurried, the 
woods, settles into place and 

3634
03:28:22,900 --> 03:28:25,800
begins to burn. 
Fire Remains the center of 

3635
03:28:25,800 --> 03:28:28,400
attention. 
It's light and warmth. 

3636
03:28:28,400 --> 03:28:31,000
The reason everyone stays 
closed. 

3637
03:28:31,700 --> 03:28:34,900
You feel your own body relaxing,
the tension of the days work 

3638
03:28:34,900 --> 03:28:40,200
dissolving your shoulders, drop 
your breathing slows, the fires 

3639
03:28:40,200 --> 03:28:44,100
warmth is making you drowsy. 
But in a pleasant way, you are 

3640
03:28:44,100 --> 03:28:47,200
not ready to sleep yet. 
But you're aware of sleep and 

3641
03:28:47,200 --> 03:28:50,500
waiting at the age of 
consciousness. a person near you

3642
03:28:50,500 --> 03:28:54,800
is mending, something fingers 
working, but feel as much as by 

3643
03:28:54,800 --> 03:29:00,000
sight, the task is almost 
finished A person ties, a final 

3644
03:29:00,000 --> 03:29:04,000
knot, test the repair then sets 
the object to side. 

3645
03:29:04,000 --> 03:29:06,000
With a small sound of 
satisfaction. 

3646
03:29:06,000 --> 03:29:10,600
The night is fully arriving. 
Now the land beyond the fires 

3647
03:29:10,600 --> 03:29:14,200
light has become dark. 
Cannot see far into that 

3648
03:29:14,200 --> 03:29:16,900
Darkness, but it does not feel 
threatening. 

3649
03:29:17,600 --> 03:29:20,800
It is simply the other side of 
day as familiar as Mourning. 

3650
03:29:22,300 --> 03:29:25,000
People begin to prepare for 
sleep but there is no hurry. 

3651
03:29:25,800 --> 03:29:29,200
Some remained by the fire, 
others move toward the sleeping 

3652
03:29:29,200 --> 03:29:33,500
areas in the shelter. 
The transition is gradual, the 

3653
03:29:33,500 --> 03:29:36,000
evening stretches out, unhurried
and peaceful. 

3654
03:29:36,000 --> 03:29:39,800
You stay sitting for a while. 
Longer watching the fire, 

3655
03:29:39,800 --> 03:29:43,600
feeling its warmth and listening
to the gentle sounds of people. 

3656
03:29:43,600 --> 03:29:47,200
Settling this time of day, feels
suspended somehow. 

3657
03:29:47,200 --> 03:29:49,600
Neither fully day or fully 
night. 

3658
03:29:50,400 --> 03:29:54,000
Time of quiet togetherness 
before, sleep separates everyone

3659
03:29:54,000 --> 03:29:58,800
into their own private rest. 
Sleep does not come all at once 

3660
03:29:58,800 --> 03:30:01,500
for every one. 
People settle into rest at their

3661
03:30:01,500 --> 03:30:04,400
own pace, Guided by their own 
tiredness. 

3662
03:30:05,400 --> 03:30:08,300
You watch as the sleeping area 
gradually fills. 

3663
03:30:09,200 --> 03:30:12,200
Sleeping area is toward the back
of the shelter where the rock 

3664
03:30:12,200 --> 03:30:15,700
wall provides protection and 
holds the days warmth. 

3665
03:30:16,700 --> 03:30:20,000
Hides and woven mats. 
Cover the ground creating soft 

3666
03:30:20,000 --> 03:30:22,900
surfaces. 
People arrange themselves in 

3667
03:30:22,900 --> 03:30:27,100
clusters line close together. 
There is no privacy but there is

3668
03:30:27,108 --> 03:30:30,800
no need for it either. 
You see a family group settling 

3669
03:30:30,800 --> 03:30:33,200
down and adult lies on this 
side. 

3670
03:30:33,200 --> 03:30:37,300
A child curls up against the 
adults chest and another child 

3671
03:30:37,300 --> 03:30:40,900
Nestles against the adults back.
Another adult lies. 

3672
03:30:40,900 --> 03:30:43,900
Nearby close enough that their 
bodies are almost touching. 

3673
03:30:45,000 --> 03:30:48,500
This closeness is automatic 
unremarked upon. 

3674
03:30:48,500 --> 03:30:50,900
It is. 
Simply how sleep happens? 

3675
03:30:50,900 --> 03:30:52,500
You move to your own sleeping 
spot. 

3676
03:30:52,500 --> 03:30:55,600
You lie down on a hide that 
still smells faintly of the 

3677
03:30:55,608 --> 03:30:58,500
animal. 
It came from the surface is soft

3678
03:30:58,500 --> 03:31:01,200
and familiar. 
You pull another hide over 

3679
03:31:01,200 --> 03:31:03,800
yourself for warmth. 
The air is cooling. 

3680
03:31:03,800 --> 03:31:06,600
Now that the sun is gone though,
it is not uncomfortable. 

3681
03:31:07,400 --> 03:31:10,000
Around you people are shifting 
and settling. 

3682
03:31:10,700 --> 03:31:14,300
Finding comfortable positions, 
you hear the rustle of movement,

3683
03:31:14,300 --> 03:31:17,600
the soft sounds of people 
adjusting hides. 

3684
03:31:18,300 --> 03:31:21,600
And the quiet murmur of a voice,
speaking to arrest list, child. 

3685
03:31:22,600 --> 03:31:26,100
A baby begins to cry. 
A thin way in the quiet. 

3686
03:31:27,500 --> 03:31:30,500
You hear an adult shifting, 
moving closer to the baby. 

3687
03:31:31,300 --> 03:31:34,900
The crying stops almost 
immediately replaced by the soft

3688
03:31:34,900 --> 03:31:39,200
sound of Nursing. the baby's 
breathing becomes rhythmic and 

3689
03:31:39,200 --> 03:31:42,700
even the adult continues to hold
the baby clothes. 

3690
03:31:42,700 --> 03:31:46,800
One hand supporting the small 
body, the other, perhaps 

3691
03:31:46,800 --> 03:31:51,000
stroking gently. 
Sleep begins to pull at you but 

3692
03:31:51,000 --> 03:31:53,100
you remain aware of the space 
around you. 

3693
03:31:54,100 --> 03:31:56,200
You can feel the warmth of 
bodies near yours. 

3694
03:31:56,200 --> 03:31:59,200
You can hear breathing some slow
and deep. 

3695
03:31:59,200 --> 03:32:02,400
Some quicker and lighter. 
The sounds are reassuring. 

3696
03:32:02,400 --> 03:32:08,100
You're not alone. a child wakes 
part way through the night, you 

3697
03:32:08,100 --> 03:32:11,900
hear the small Sound Of 
Confusion Then the child moving 

3698
03:32:11,900 --> 03:32:15,700
seeking an adult. 
There is a murmur of response. 

3699
03:32:16,700 --> 03:32:20,000
Child is gathered close. 
Within moments, the child is 

3700
03:32:20,000 --> 03:32:22,200
quiet again. 
Sinking back into sleep. 

3701
03:32:23,000 --> 03:32:26,400
The fire outside has died down 
to coals, but it still provides 

3702
03:32:26,400 --> 03:32:28,700
a faint glow that reaches into 
the shelter. 

3703
03:32:29,400 --> 03:32:32,400
Enough like to see shapes. 
If you open your eyes, not 

3704
03:32:32,400 --> 03:32:36,400
enough to be disruptive, You 
drift in and out of, like sleep 

3705
03:32:36,400 --> 03:32:39,400
at one point, you wait and need 
to relieve yourself. 

3706
03:32:40,300 --> 03:32:43,200
You rise carefully. 
Stepping over sleeping bodies 

3707
03:32:43,200 --> 03:32:46,600
outside the night areas. 
Cool against your skin. 

3708
03:32:47,800 --> 03:32:51,600
Stars a brilliant overhead more 
numerous than they seemed early.

3709
03:32:52,500 --> 03:32:55,800
You move a short distance from 
the shelter and take care of 

3710
03:32:55,800 --> 03:32:59,100
your need, then return inside 
you lie. 

3711
03:32:59,100 --> 03:33:01,100
Back down and pull the hide 
over. 

3712
03:33:01,100 --> 03:33:05,400
You sleep comes quickly. 
This time later, you wake again,

3713
03:33:05,400 --> 03:33:09,000
briefly someone else's moving 
returning to their sleeping spot

3714
03:33:09,000 --> 03:33:12,300
after going outside. 
The person settles back down 

3715
03:33:12,300 --> 03:33:15,700
with a soft sigh. 
The shelter is quiet, except for

3716
03:33:15,700 --> 03:33:18,800
breathing and the occasional 
small sound of someone shifting 

3717
03:33:18,800 --> 03:33:22,100
position. 
Child makes a sound in sleep, 

3718
03:33:22,100 --> 03:33:24,900
not quite a cry but not peaceful
either. 

3719
03:33:25,600 --> 03:33:28,800
Perhaps a dream. 
An adult's hand reaches out, 

3720
03:33:28,800 --> 03:33:32,400
finds the child and rests there.
The child quiet. 

3721
03:33:33,300 --> 03:33:36,700
The adults hand stays where it 
is for a while, then withdraws 

3722
03:33:36,700 --> 03:33:38,600
as the adult returns to deeper 
sleep. 

3723
03:33:39,800 --> 03:33:43,900
The night passes in this way, 
the series of small waking and 

3724
03:33:43,900 --> 03:33:47,100
returning to sleep. 
No one sleeps straight through 

3725
03:33:47,100 --> 03:33:50,100
without interruption. 
But the interruption is a minor 

3726
03:33:50,100 --> 03:33:53,600
and easily managed. 
Sleep is not a single block of 

3727
03:33:53,600 --> 03:33:57,700
unconsciousness, but a fluid 
State responsive to the body's 

3728
03:33:57,700 --> 03:33:59,300
needs and the needs of others 
nearby. 

3729
03:34:00,400 --> 03:34:03,800
You wake once more as the first 
hint of dawn begins to lighten 

3730
03:34:03,800 --> 03:34:06,700
the sky. 
It is not yet mourning but 

3731
03:34:06,700 --> 03:34:09,700
Knight is ending. 
You'd like to still not yet. 

3732
03:34:09,700 --> 03:34:13,200
Ready to rise around. 
You, others are still sleeping. 

3733
03:34:14,000 --> 03:34:17,300
The breathing is even and slow 
the air in the shelter has 

3734
03:34:17,300 --> 03:34:21,900
warmed from the collective body 
heat. child stars, opens eyes 

3735
03:34:21,900 --> 03:34:27,300
looks around and closes eyes 
again, and is still an adult 

3736
03:34:27,300 --> 03:34:30,700
shifts changes position and 
continuously sleeping. 

3737
03:34:30,700 --> 03:34:34,300
The shelter is peaceful, holding
everyone. 

3738
03:34:34,300 --> 03:34:37,400
In his sheltered space, You 
Close Your Eyes again. 

3739
03:34:38,100 --> 03:34:41,900
There's no reason to get up yet 
the day will arrive when it 

3740
03:34:41,900 --> 03:34:44,500
arrives. 
For now, there is only this 

3741
03:34:44,500 --> 03:34:49,900
warmth, safety, the presence of 
others and the gentle 

3742
03:34:49,900 --> 03:34:53,400
continuation of rest. 
Morning arrives again. 

3743
03:34:53,400 --> 03:34:55,600
Much like all the mornings 
before it. 

3744
03:34:56,300 --> 03:34:59,300
The light returns people, wake 
and Rise. 

3745
03:34:59,300 --> 03:35:02,000
The day begins, its familiar 
pattern. 

3746
03:35:03,000 --> 03:35:06,800
Nothing has changed. 
And yet everything continues. 

3747
03:35:07,500 --> 03:35:10,000
You stand near the shelter 
entrance and look out at the 

3748
03:35:10,000 --> 03:35:12,200
land. 
It is the same land. 

3749
03:35:12,200 --> 03:35:16,100
You saw yesterday the same 
shapes and colors and textures. 

3750
03:35:17,200 --> 03:35:20,300
The knowledge you have of this 
place is deep and unquestioned, 

3751
03:35:20,300 --> 03:35:24,100
you know, which plants will 
ripen next, which areas will 

3752
03:35:24,100 --> 03:35:27,700
flood with heavy rain and which 
paths lead to which resources. 

3753
03:35:28,800 --> 03:35:31,400
This knowledge is not written 
down or formally taught. 

3754
03:35:31,400 --> 03:35:36,100
It's simply is passed through 
repetition and observational 

3755
03:35:36,100 --> 03:35:39,900
absorbed over Years of Living, 
in constant contact with the 

3756
03:35:39,900 --> 03:35:44,200
same Terrain. children are 
already moving around, playing 

3757
03:35:44,200 --> 03:35:47,100
the same game games they played 
yesterday and learning through 

3758
03:35:47,100 --> 03:35:51,600
the same processes of watching 
and trying They will grow and 

3759
03:35:51,600 --> 03:35:54,500
they will know what, you know, 
and they will pass it on to the 

3760
03:35:54,500 --> 03:35:58,100
children who come after them. 
You see an older person sitting 

3761
03:35:58,100 --> 03:36:00,600
near the fire working slowly on 
a task. 

3762
03:36:01,500 --> 03:36:04,600
This person has done this task 
thousands of times. 

3763
03:36:04,600 --> 03:36:09,300
The movements are automatic 
efficient and refined by Decades

3764
03:36:09,300 --> 03:36:13,600
of repetition. when this person 
is gone, others will do the work

3765
03:36:13,600 --> 03:36:16,900
in much the same way because 
they have watched and learned 

3766
03:36:16,900 --> 03:36:21,200
and practiced alongside this 
person, The Rock shelters where 

3767
03:36:21,200 --> 03:36:23,800
you live have been used for 
longer than anyone can remember.

3768
03:36:23,800 --> 03:36:28,500
Generations of slept here, 
worked here and raise children 

3769
03:36:28,500 --> 03:36:33,100
here, the walls, bear marks of 
these use There Are Places Worn 

3770
03:36:33,100 --> 03:36:36,800
Smooth by countless hands, 
touching the same spots there 

3771
03:36:36,800 --> 03:36:39,600
are shallow depressions in the 
stone where tools have been 

3772
03:36:39,608 --> 03:36:41,800
sharp. 
And again, and again, there are 

3773
03:36:41,800 --> 03:36:45,400
a faint traces of pigment on the
rock face applied at some point 

3774
03:36:45,400 --> 03:36:47,500
for reasons, you may or may not 
fully understand. 

3775
03:36:48,600 --> 03:36:52,100
You think about these marks 
their evidence of presents of 

3776
03:36:52,100 --> 03:36:55,300
lives lived here? 
But the do not tell stories in 

3777
03:36:55,300 --> 03:36:59,200
the way language does. 
They are simply traces quiet and

3778
03:36:59,200 --> 03:37:02,300
persistent. 
They will remain long after you 

3779
03:37:02,300 --> 03:37:03,600
and everyone, you know, are 
gone. 

3780
03:37:03,608 --> 03:37:09,400
The work of the day unfolds 
Gathering making caring eating 

3781
03:37:09,400 --> 03:37:13,200
resting. 
Each task flows into the next 

3782
03:37:13,200 --> 03:37:16,200
without fanfare. 
The day will end, and another 

3783
03:37:16,200 --> 03:37:18,600
will begin. 
Latin is reliable. 

3784
03:37:18,600 --> 03:37:21,800
You watch a young person 
learning to chip Stone. 

3785
03:37:22,500 --> 03:37:26,700
The person's efforts are clumsy,
the strikes, imprecise flakes, 

3786
03:37:26,700 --> 03:37:29,300
fly off at wrong angles. 
The Edge does not form 

3787
03:37:29,300 --> 03:37:32,200
correctly. 
That the person continues trying

3788
03:37:32,200 --> 03:37:36,400
learning through failure and 
correction eventually after many

3789
03:37:36,400 --> 03:37:40,000
attempts after much. 
Wasted Stone and much time. 

3790
03:37:40,000 --> 03:37:43,500
The person will achieve the 
skill and then they will teach 

3791
03:37:43,500 --> 03:37:46,100
another person in the same 
patient wordless way. 

3792
03:37:46,100 --> 03:37:50,300
This is how knowledge persists, 
not through Grand, instructional

3793
03:37:50,300 --> 03:37:52,600
formal record, but through 
presents. 

3794
03:37:53,400 --> 03:37:58,700
Proximity and repetition. 
The young, watch the old the 

3795
03:37:58,700 --> 03:38:00,700
inexperienced. 
Watch the skilled. 

3796
03:38:00,700 --> 03:38:05,500
The patterns are absorbed, 
internalized and enacted. 

3797
03:38:06,500 --> 03:38:09,900
And so the ways of doing things 
continue changing only very 

3798
03:38:09,900 --> 03:38:13,900
slowly shaped more by the 
demands of materials and land 

3799
03:38:13,900 --> 03:38:17,300
them by Innovation or choice. 
You think about the future 

3800
03:38:17,300 --> 03:38:19,800
though? 
The concept is not as distinct 

3801
03:38:19,800 --> 03:38:22,800
for you as it might be for 
someone living in another time. 

3802
03:38:23,900 --> 03:38:26,500
There is tomorrow. 
And there are the seasons ahead 

3803
03:38:26,500 --> 03:38:29,800
and there is the general sense 
that life will continue. 

3804
03:38:30,700 --> 03:38:34,800
But there is no grand plan. 
No distant goal. 

3805
03:38:34,800 --> 03:38:38,400
There is only the ongoing now 
each day building on the day 

3806
03:38:38,400 --> 03:38:42,300
before in small incremental 
ways, You look at the children 

3807
03:38:42,300 --> 03:38:45,900
again, they are the future. 
In the simple sense that they 

3808
03:38:45,900 --> 03:38:49,000
will be here when you are not. 
They will gather in the same 

3809
03:38:49,000 --> 03:38:53,600
place as use the same shelters 
and follow the same paths, the 

3810
03:38:53,600 --> 03:38:56,800
land will shape them as it is 
shaped you the sun is climbing 

3811
03:38:56,800 --> 03:38:59,100
higher the morning, work is 
underway. 

3812
03:38:59,100 --> 03:39:03,300
You see people moving with 
purpose their actions Guided by 

3813
03:39:03,300 --> 03:39:08,200
need and habit. there is no 
urgency but there is all, so no 

3814
03:39:08,200 --> 03:39:12,500
idle Miss Life requires work, 
and the work is done. 

3815
03:39:13,400 --> 03:39:15,600
You think about the pigments 
that were Ground yesterday? 

3816
03:39:15,600 --> 03:39:19,808
They will be used to make marks 
on the rock walls to add to the 

3817
03:39:19,816 --> 03:39:23,500
traces that are already there. 
These marks are not pictures in 

3818
03:39:23,500 --> 03:39:26,400
the sense that they depict 
specific events or tell 

3819
03:39:26,400 --> 03:39:29,700
particular stories. 
They are more abstract than that

3820
03:39:29,700 --> 03:39:33,600
more symbolic they might 
represent ideas or simply be 

3821
03:39:33,600 --> 03:39:36,400
aesthetic. 
Expressions ways of marking the 

3822
03:39:36,400 --> 03:39:39,800
space as belonging to people of 
leaving evidence of thought and 

3823
03:39:39,800 --> 03:39:45,600
hand. these marks will last Long
after the people who made them 

3824
03:39:45,600 --> 03:39:49,200
are gone long after the memory 
of those people is faded, the 

3825
03:39:49,200 --> 03:39:52,200
marks will remain. 
Future people may see them and 

3826
03:39:52,200 --> 03:39:56,400
wonder what they meant or they 
may not Wonder at all the marks 

3827
03:39:56,400 --> 03:39:59,300
will simply be there. 
As permanent as the stone 

3828
03:39:59,300 --> 03:40:02,000
itself. 
Quiet witnesses to lives. 

3829
03:40:02,000 --> 03:40:04,600
Lived. 
You move back into the shelter 

3830
03:40:04,600 --> 03:40:08,500
and pick up a tool. 
There is work to do the day 

3831
03:40:08,500 --> 03:40:13,800
continues the pattern holds in 
the evening as the light Fades 

3832
03:40:13,800 --> 03:40:17,300
and people gather by the fire. 
Once more, you feel the same 

3833
03:40:17,300 --> 03:40:21,300
sense of quiet completion, that 
comes at the end of every day. 

3834
03:40:21,300 --> 03:40:24,400
The work is done. 
Food has been eaten. 

3835
03:40:24,400 --> 03:40:28,900
People are settling, sleep will 
come You look around at the 

3836
03:40:28,908 --> 03:40:33,100
faces in the firelight. 
Each person is distinct familiar

3837
03:40:33,100 --> 03:40:36,200
and known. 
And yet each person is also part

3838
03:40:36,200 --> 03:40:39,700
of a larger pattern, a 
continuity that stretches back 

3839
03:40:39,700 --> 03:40:44,100
and forward Beyond memory, 
Beyond individual life, The 

3840
03:40:44,100 --> 03:40:48,100
stars are beginning to appear. 
Fire Burns, low. 

3841
03:40:49,100 --> 03:40:52,100
Children are already sleeping 
curled up against adults. 

3842
03:40:52,900 --> 03:40:56,300
Shelter is warm and safe. 
You lie down in your sleeping 

3843
03:40:56,300 --> 03:40:58,600
spot. 
You pull the hide over yourself.

3844
03:40:58,600 --> 03:41:01,900
The day is ending tomorrow, will
come. 

3845
03:41:01,900 --> 03:41:03,700
The pattern. 
Will continue. 

3846
03:41:04,800 --> 03:41:09,500
In this continuation, in this 
quiet unremarkable, Persistence 

3847
03:41:09,500 --> 03:41:12,200
of daily life. 
There is a kind of Peace. 

3848
03:41:12,200 --> 03:41:15,600
Nothing, dramatic happens. 
Nothing needs to happen. 

3849
03:41:15,600 --> 03:41:20,500
Life is Simply Life. 
Lived one day at a time in a 

3850
03:41:20,500 --> 03:41:24,800
place that holds and sustains 
among people who share the same 

3851
03:41:24,800 --> 03:41:28,300
land and the same rhythms, the 
rock art will remain. 

3852
03:41:29,200 --> 03:41:31,800
Future people will find it and 
try to understand what it meant.

3853
03:41:32,800 --> 03:41:36,100
But the real story is not in the
marks on the wall, the real 

3854
03:41:36,100 --> 03:41:39,700
story is in the days themselves 
in the Gathering of the making 

3855
03:41:39,700 --> 03:41:43,200
and the caring in the children 
learning, and the fires burning 

3856
03:41:43,200 --> 03:41:46,700
and the seasons turning. 
It is a story without drama 

3857
03:41:46,700 --> 03:41:51,000
without beginning or end. 
A story of continuity that asks 

3858
03:41:51,000 --> 03:41:55,100
nothing more than to continue. 
You close your eyes, your 

3859
03:41:55,100 --> 03:41:58,600
breathing slows, sleep comes 
gently as it always does. 

3860
03:41:58,600 --> 03:42:02,400
The shelter is quiet. 
The land is quiet. 

3861
03:42:03,300 --> 03:42:06,100
The night, settles over 
everything, and somewhere in 

3862
03:42:06,100 --> 03:42:08,400
that vastness the marks on the 
Rock. 

3863
03:42:08,400 --> 03:42:11,400
Wait in the darkness. 
Holding their silent testimony 

3864
03:42:11,400 --> 03:42:16,000
to the ordinary extraordinary 
Persistence of human life. 

3865
03:42:24,200 --> 03:42:27,400
You're stepping into the world 
of Imperial Russia, not at a 

3866
03:42:27,400 --> 03:42:31,400
moment of Crisis or spectacle. 
But across the long centuries 

3867
03:42:31,400 --> 03:42:34,300
when the Romanov family shaped 
daily life through tradition 

3868
03:42:34,300 --> 03:42:40,500
routine and quiet order. 
From 1617 until the early 20th 

3869
03:42:40,500 --> 03:42:45,200
century, this dynasty Empire 
through patience ritual and the 

3870
03:42:45,208 --> 03:42:48,600
steady rhythm of ordinary days 
repeated across Generations. 

3871
03:42:49,500 --> 03:42:52,600
Here in the Palaces and the 
states that stretched across 

3872
03:42:52,600 --> 03:42:55,200
vast territories. 
Life moved, according to 

3873
03:42:55,200 --> 03:42:58,900
patterns, refined over time 
creating Comfort through 

3874
03:42:58,900 --> 03:43:01,600
predictability and strength 
through continuity. 

3875
03:43:03,100 --> 03:43:07,100
Palace a begins Before Dawn 
servants move through Hall ways,

3876
03:43:07,100 --> 03:43:12,100
lighting lamps and stoking fires
and tiles the Stan taller than a

3877
03:43:12,100 --> 03:43:15,600
person. 
The S smells of beeswax, candles

3878
03:43:15,600 --> 03:43:18,700
and wood, smoke. 
Footsteps, Echo. 

3879
03:43:18,700 --> 03:43:22,400
Softly on polished floors. 
Someone carries fresh Linens. 

3880
03:43:23,200 --> 03:43:26,800
Another opens heavy curtains to 
let in the pale Morning, Light. 

3881
03:43:27,500 --> 03:43:31,400
The sounds are familiar repeated
every morning for decades. 

3882
03:43:31,400 --> 03:43:35,300
Perhaps centuries, the Imperial 
family Rises, according to 

3883
03:43:35,300 --> 03:43:38,600
schedule children, waking 
nurseries were attendance. 

3884
03:43:38,600 --> 03:43:42,500
Have already warmed the rooms, 
adults dress with a systems, 

3885
03:43:42,500 --> 03:43:45,400
choosing from wardrobes 
organized by season and 

3886
03:43:45,400 --> 03:43:48,100
occasion. 
Clothing, follows tradition more

3887
03:43:48,100 --> 03:43:52,100
than fashion. 
Fabrics are heavy and layers are

3888
03:43:52,100 --> 03:43:54,700
many. 
Dressing takes time and happens 

3889
03:43:54,700 --> 03:43:57,300
without hurry. 
Each garment has its place in 

3890
03:43:57,300 --> 03:44:01,300
the sequence buttons, are 
fastened carefully, colors are 

3891
03:44:01,308 --> 03:44:05,600
adjusted just so breakfast 
appears at the same hour each 

3892
03:44:05,600 --> 03:44:08,100
day. 
Tables are set in smaller rooms,

3893
03:44:08,100 --> 03:44:12,900
not Crown Halls, porridge dark 
bread, and tea served in glasses

3894
03:44:12,900 --> 03:44:15,800
with metal holders. 
The meal is quiet and 

3895
03:44:15,800 --> 03:44:20,400
predictable People eat, what the
season provides winter brings 

3896
03:44:20,400 --> 03:44:23,700
preserved Foods. 
Summer brings fresh vegetables 

3897
03:44:23,700 --> 03:44:27,700
from Palace Gardens. 
No one rushes chewing his 

3898
03:44:27,700 --> 03:44:30,900
thorough conversations are 
minimal in the early morning. 

3899
03:44:30,900 --> 03:44:34,300
After breakfast, the household 
members separate into their 

3900
03:44:34,300 --> 03:44:37,800
individual routines, the emperor
meets with advisors in Wood 

3901
03:44:37,800 --> 03:44:40,800
panel rooms papers. 
Wait in neat Stacks 

3902
03:44:40,800 --> 03:44:44,200
correspondence, arrives daily 
from distant, provinces 

3903
03:44:44,200 --> 03:44:48,100
secretaries, prepare summaries 
decisions, happen, slowly, 

3904
03:44:48,100 --> 03:44:52,200
through consultation and review.
Government work is methodical 

3905
03:44:52,200 --> 03:44:56,200
repetitive and concerned with 
details, that never change much 

3906
03:44:56,200 --> 03:45:00,200
from year to year. 
Aboard a dispute, a request for 

3907
03:45:00,200 --> 03:45:04,500
funds, a report on grain yields,
each matter, receives 

3908
03:45:04,500 --> 03:45:07,900
appropriate, attention, the 
empress overseas household 

3909
03:45:07,900 --> 03:45:10,600
matters. 
She refused menus with kitchen 

3910
03:45:10,600 --> 03:45:14,700
staff approved purchases and 
meets with tutors responsible 

3911
03:45:14,700 --> 03:45:18,400
for the children's education. 
she visits workshops where 

3912
03:45:18,400 --> 03:45:22,100
seamstresses repair Linens, and 
where Craftsmen maintained 

3913
03:45:22,100 --> 03:45:26,500
furniture, Her work is 
managerial focused on keeping a 

3914
03:45:26,500 --> 03:45:28,000
vast household, functioning 
smoothly. 

3915
03:45:29,100 --> 03:45:30,900
She knows the names of key 
servants. 

3916
03:45:30,900 --> 03:45:33,300
She remembers preferences and 
schedules. 

3917
03:45:34,100 --> 03:45:37,200
A Cook's daughter is ill, a 
gardener son, just got married. 

3918
03:45:37,900 --> 03:45:41,300
She acknowledges these personal 
details children spend Mornings 

3919
03:45:41,300 --> 03:45:44,600
in lessons, tutors arrived, 
carrying books, and writing 

3920
03:45:44,600 --> 03:45:48,800
materials, education emphasizes,
languages history, geography, 

3921
03:45:48,800 --> 03:45:52,200
and religious instruction. 
Young Grand, Dukes learn 

3922
03:45:52,200 --> 03:45:54,800
military protocol and statecraft
Grand. 

3923
03:45:54,800 --> 03:45:58,800
Duchesses study art music and 
proper comportment lessons 

3924
03:45:58,800 --> 03:46:01,700
followed established. 
Curricular progress is measured 

3925
03:46:01,700 --> 03:46:05,300
in Mastery of expected skills. 
Not invasion. 

3926
03:46:06,400 --> 03:46:08,300
Child struggles with French 
verbs. 

3927
03:46:08,300 --> 03:46:13,100
Another excels at mathematics 
individual abilities, emerge 

3928
03:46:13,100 --> 03:46:15,200
with structured learning the 
palace. 

3929
03:46:15,200 --> 03:46:18,700
Employs hundreds, The palace 
employs hundreds of workers, 

3930
03:46:18,700 --> 03:46:24,700
including Cooks, laundresses 
gardeners, stable hands, guards 

3931
03:46:24,700 --> 03:46:28,300
Clarks, Maids footman and 
valleys. 

3932
03:46:29,200 --> 03:46:32,300
Each person has specific duties 
performed on predictable 

3933
03:46:32,300 --> 03:46:35,500
schedule rules the head. 
Steward maintains order through 

3934
03:46:35,500 --> 03:46:39,400
careful oversight. 
Work, assignments are hereditary

3935
03:46:39,400 --> 03:46:42,400
in many families. 
A Gardener's son becomes a 

3936
03:46:42,400 --> 03:46:46,100
gardener a cooked daughter 
learns the kitchens loyalty 

3937
03:46:46,100 --> 03:46:49,700
builds across Generations. 
People know their roles and 

3938
03:46:49,700 --> 03:46:53,800
execute them reliably. 
Midday brings A light meal 

3939
03:46:53,800 --> 03:46:56,600
people, Gather in groups, 
according to rank and 

3940
03:46:56,600 --> 03:46:59,500
responsibility. 
Courtiers eat together in 

3941
03:46:59,500 --> 03:47:03,500
designated rooms servants. 
Take meals in the kitchens or 

3942
03:47:03,500 --> 03:47:07,400
staff quarters. 
The food is simple, soup, bread 

3943
03:47:07,400 --> 03:47:12,700
cheese and preserved fish. 
Meals, provide a pause in work. 

3944
03:47:12,700 --> 03:47:16,200
A chance to rest briefly before 
resuming duties. 

3945
03:47:16,900 --> 03:47:20,500
Conversations are easy. 
Someone shares a joke, another 

3946
03:47:20,500 --> 03:47:24,000
mentioned plans for the 
afternoon afternoon's vary by 

3947
03:47:24,000 --> 03:47:26,700
season. 
In Winter people, stay indoors 

3948
03:47:26,700 --> 03:47:29,500
the empress might embroider or 
read aloud. 

3949
03:47:29,500 --> 03:47:33,400
Her ladies in Waiting, the 
emperor reviews reports children

3950
03:47:33,400 --> 03:47:37,100
practice music, or complete 
written exercises in warmer 

3951
03:47:37,100 --> 03:47:38,800
months. 
The household moves Outdoors, 

3952
03:47:38,800 --> 03:47:42,900
Guardians provide space for 
walking paths, wind between 

3953
03:47:42,900 --> 03:47:45,400
Hedges, trimmed into geometric 
shapes. 

3954
03:47:46,200 --> 03:47:49,200
Benches off a place to sit and 
watch fountains. 

3955
03:47:50,100 --> 03:47:53,900
Fresh air is considered 
beneficial exercises, gentle 

3956
03:47:53,900 --> 03:47:59,200
never strenuous correspondent 
occupies much time, letters 

3957
03:47:59,200 --> 03:48:01,100
arrive from relatives across 
Europe. 

3958
03:48:01,100 --> 03:48:04,900
The romanovs marry into other 
royal families, creating 

3959
03:48:04,900 --> 03:48:08,900
networks of cousins and in-laws 
writing letters is a daily 

3960
03:48:08,900 --> 03:48:11,300
tasks. 
People share news of Health, 

3961
03:48:11,300 --> 03:48:16,700
whether and minor family events.
Responses come weeks or months 

3962
03:48:16,700 --> 03:48:19,100
later. 
Communication happens. 

3963
03:48:19,100 --> 03:48:22,800
Slowly but steadily. 
The cousin in Germany, announces

3964
03:48:22,800 --> 03:48:26,700
a pregnancy, an aunt in Denmark 
describes recent travels. 

3965
03:48:27,300 --> 03:48:30,400
Family ties are maintained 
through persistent Exchange. 

3966
03:48:31,100 --> 03:48:34,700
The palace Library holds, 
thousands of books, shelves, 

3967
03:48:34,700 --> 03:48:37,800
reached to high ceilings, 
ladders on Rails. 

3968
03:48:37,800 --> 03:48:42,100
Allow access to Upper levels. 
People browse familiar titles 

3969
03:48:42,100 --> 03:48:46,000
and reread favorites. 
Reading happens, quietly and 

3970
03:48:46,000 --> 03:48:49,800
comfortable chairs near windows.
Libraries are calm spaces 

3971
03:48:49,800 --> 03:48:53,500
insulated from household, 
bustle, Scholars, visit 

3972
03:48:53,500 --> 03:48:56,100
occasionally requesting access 
to rare volumes. 

3973
03:48:56,100 --> 03:49:00,200
Their workers accommodated 
knowledge is valued late after 

3974
03:49:00,200 --> 03:49:01,800
noon. 
The family gathers for tea. 

3975
03:49:01,800 --> 03:49:06,400
Some of our Steam on sideboard 
tables small cake and preserves 

3976
03:49:06,400 --> 03:49:10,500
served on porcelain dishes. 
Conversation is gentle, covering

3977
03:49:10,500 --> 03:49:12,900
household matters and plans for 
the coming days. 

3978
03:49:13,800 --> 03:49:17,500
Tea time marks a transition from
work to evening a moment of 

3979
03:49:17,500 --> 03:49:20,500
collective paws. 
Some one mentioned, a letter 

3980
03:49:20,500 --> 03:49:24,100
received another describes a 
garden that needs attention. 

3981
03:49:25,000 --> 03:49:28,500
Children share accomplishments 
from lessons, servants. 

3982
03:49:28,500 --> 03:49:30,400
Begin preparing for evening, 
routines. 

3983
03:49:30,400 --> 03:49:34,000
Lamps are refilled and lit. 
Fires are rebuilt. 

3984
03:49:34,000 --> 03:49:37,900
Rooms are tidied fresh towels 
appear in washrooms. 

3985
03:49:38,600 --> 03:49:41,100
The palace shifts from day mode 
to evening mode. 

3986
03:49:41,100 --> 03:49:45,300
Without Fanfare, the transition 
is gradual familiar and 

3987
03:49:45,300 --> 03:49:46,900
comforting in its 
predictability. 

3988
03:49:46,900 --> 03:49:51,800
Each servant knows their tasks, 
each completes them efficiently 

3989
03:49:51,800 --> 03:49:56,300
Cort, etiquette governs all 
interactions people bow or 

3990
03:49:56,300 --> 03:50:00,100
curtsy according to rank, Forms 
of address are specific and 

3991
03:50:00,100 --> 03:50:03,000
unchanging. 
No one speaks out of turn. 

3992
03:50:03,700 --> 03:50:06,600
Formality creates structure and 
reduces uncertainty. 

3993
03:50:07,500 --> 03:50:11,200
Everyone knows their place their
role and their expected 

3994
03:50:11,200 --> 03:50:14,100
Behavior. 
This Clarity, simplifies daily 

3995
03:50:14,100 --> 03:50:17,400
life, and makes it easier to 
move through complex, social 

3996
03:50:17,400 --> 03:50:20,100
environments. 
Mistakes are rare because 

3997
03:50:20,100 --> 03:50:21,500
patterns are so well 
established. 

3998
03:50:22,500 --> 03:50:25,800
Children, learn these patterns 
early, they practice bowing and 

3999
03:50:25,800 --> 03:50:30,500
cutscene they learn to speak. 
And when to remain silent, They 

4000
03:50:30,500 --> 03:50:34,500
observe adults and imitate them,
but at a lessons, Court behavior

4001
03:50:34,500 --> 03:50:36,900
is automatic. 
They move through formal 

4002
03:50:36,900 --> 03:50:39,900
situations without anxiety, 
because every step is 

4003
03:50:39,900 --> 03:50:43,600
predetermined. 
The Imperial couple sometimes 

4004
03:50:43,600 --> 03:50:48,000
takes private walks in enclosed,
Gardens away from attendance, 

4005
03:50:48,000 --> 03:50:52,600
they speak freely, they discuss 
children's progress, they share 

4006
03:50:52,600 --> 03:50:54,800
concerns about relatives or a 
state management. 

4007
03:50:56,000 --> 03:50:59,700
These moments of privacy are 
precious brief escapes, from 

4008
03:50:59,700 --> 03:51:03,300
constant observation. 
Dogs live in the Palaces 

4009
03:51:03,300 --> 03:51:07,600
companions to family members, 
they sleep in bedrooms, and 

4010
03:51:07,600 --> 03:51:11,200
follow people through Halls, 
their presence adds warmth and 

4011
03:51:11,200 --> 03:51:14,800
informality. 
Children play with them adults, 

4012
03:51:14,800 --> 03:51:18,800
appreciate their loyalty, the 
dogs are well cared for fed 

4013
03:51:18,800 --> 03:51:22,600
regularly and treated kindly. 
Clocks chime throughout the day 

4014
03:51:22,600 --> 03:51:27,400
grandfather clocks in hallways 
mantel clocks in studies, the 

4015
03:51:27,400 --> 03:51:31,300
sound marks hours and divides. 
Time into manageable segments, 

4016
03:51:31,300 --> 03:51:34,100
people Orient themselves by 
these chimes. 

4017
03:51:35,000 --> 03:51:40,400
Time is audible structured and 
shared evening, approaches work,

4018
03:51:40,400 --> 03:51:44,500
concludes for the day. 
Papers are filed books are 

4019
03:51:44,500 --> 03:51:48,400
shelved children, finish lessons
and put away their materials, 

4020
03:51:48,400 --> 03:51:51,600
the household prepares for the 
quieter hours ahead. 

4021
03:51:52,400 --> 03:51:55,500
Routines have been followed 
tomorrow, will bring the same 

4022
03:51:55,500 --> 03:51:57,500
rhythms. 
The same reliable order. 

4023
03:51:58,200 --> 03:52:01,800
This certainty is comforting 
life is predictable in the best 

4024
03:52:01,800 --> 03:52:04,500
way. 
Servants change into evening 

4025
03:52:04,500 --> 03:52:08,300
uniforms fresher, clothes 
slightly different styles. 

4026
03:52:09,100 --> 03:52:13,000
The shift marks the days change 
everyone participates in the 

4027
03:52:13,000 --> 03:52:15,400
transition. 
The palace moves together 

4028
03:52:15,400 --> 03:52:18,100
through time. 
A collective body, following 

4029
03:52:18,100 --> 03:52:21,900
shared rhythms, Candles are lit,
in addition to lamps. 

4030
03:52:22,700 --> 03:52:26,100
Flickering, light is softer and 
warmer Candlelight changes. 

4031
03:52:26,100 --> 03:52:30,300
The atmosphere of rooms Shadows 
danced on walls faces. 

4032
03:52:30,300 --> 03:52:34,300
A gentler in this illumination 
evening has truly arrived. 

4033
03:52:35,000 --> 03:52:38,700
The Empire stretches across 11 
times zones, managing it 

4034
03:52:38,700 --> 03:52:41,100
requires patience and endless 
paperwork. 

4035
03:52:42,000 --> 03:52:44,900
Offices in the Capitol. 
Receive reports from provincial 

4036
03:52:44,900 --> 03:52:49,400
Governors, military commanders, 
tax collectors, and local 

4037
03:52:49,400 --> 03:52:54,000
administrators. 
Each report is red samurais and 

4038
03:52:54,000 --> 03:52:57,200
filed. 
Clark's copy documents by hand 

4039
03:52:57,200 --> 03:53:00,600
ink stained fingers, paper 
Stacks grow. 

4040
03:53:00,600 --> 03:53:03,800
The work is never finished only 
paused at Days end. 

4041
03:53:04,800 --> 03:53:07,500
Maps, cover entire walls in 
administrative. 

4042
03:53:07,500 --> 03:53:11,300
Chambers cartographers update 
them as new surveys arrive, 

4043
03:53:11,300 --> 03:53:15,800
borders, shift slightly new 
towns are added Rivers, change 

4044
03:53:15,800 --> 03:53:19,700
course, and maps are corrected. 
Geography is documented with 

4045
03:53:19,700 --> 03:53:22,200
care. 
The Empire must know itself to 

4046
03:53:22,200 --> 03:53:25,500
govern itself. 
Distances are calculated roots 

4047
03:53:25,500 --> 03:53:29,800
of planned, resources are 
located and noted travel is 

4048
03:53:29,800 --> 03:53:32,900
slow, the emperor and his 
advisors make Journeys to 

4049
03:53:32,900 --> 03:53:36,200
different regions, but these 
trips take weeks or months. 

4050
03:53:37,100 --> 03:53:38,700
Carriages travel over rough 
roads. 

4051
03:53:38,700 --> 03:53:43,600
In Winter sleds, move across. 
Frozen Landscapes stops are 

4052
03:53:43,600 --> 03:53:47,500
frequent. 
Rest is necessary. distance 

4053
03:53:47,500 --> 03:53:50,800
imposes natural limits on how 
quickly decisions can be 

4054
03:53:50,800 --> 03:53:54,500
implemented or information 
shared, A letter from Siberia, 

4055
03:53:54,500 --> 03:53:56,500
takes weeks to reach the 
capitol. 

4056
03:53:56,500 --> 03:54:01,000
A response takes weeks more. 
Railroads begin to change. 

4057
03:54:01,000 --> 03:54:06,300
This track is Lady year by year.
Connecting distant cities 

4058
03:54:06,300 --> 03:54:08,700
trains. 
Run on schedule's. 

4059
03:54:08,700 --> 03:54:12,300
Travel time decreases. 
Communication, speeds up. 

4060
03:54:13,300 --> 03:54:15,900
Even with trains the Empire 
remains vast. 

4061
03:54:16,700 --> 03:54:19,000
A message from the Pacific coast
to the Capitol. 

4062
03:54:19,000 --> 03:54:23,400
Still takes many days to arrive.
Geography cannot be conquered 

4063
03:54:23,400 --> 03:54:26,800
entirely. 
Only negotiated administrative 

4064
03:54:26,800 --> 03:54:29,700
routine centers on Taxation and 
resource management. 

4065
03:54:30,600 --> 03:54:35,800
Provinces report grain harvests 
Timber yields and Mining output.

4066
03:54:36,600 --> 03:54:40,200
Numbers are compiled into 
ledgers Trends and noted 

4067
03:54:40,200 --> 03:54:43,500
adjustments are made to quotas 
and expectations. 

4068
03:54:43,500 --> 03:54:47,600
The work is steady unglamorous 
and essential. 

4069
03:54:48,400 --> 03:54:52,600
Without it the Empire would 
collapse revenue must match its 

4070
03:54:52,600 --> 03:54:56,000
expenditure. 
Surplus is a saved for difficult

4071
03:54:56,000 --> 03:54:58,800
years. 
The military requires constant 

4072
03:54:58,800 --> 03:55:02,000
attention regiments are 
stationed across the empire. 

4073
03:55:02,900 --> 03:55:07,200
supplies must reach them, 
uniforms weapons food, and 

4074
03:55:07,200 --> 03:55:11,400
medical Provisions, Logistics, 
officers, manage infantries, 

4075
03:55:11,400 --> 03:55:16,900
shipments, attract delays are 
investigated maintaining 

4076
03:55:16,900 --> 03:55:20,700
Readiness means maintaining 
Supply chains that function year

4077
03:55:20,700 --> 03:55:26,100
after year without interruption 
a regiment in Central Asia needs

4078
03:55:26,100 --> 03:55:29,400
boots. 
An order is placed, boots are 

4079
03:55:29,400 --> 03:55:31,600
manufactured, ship and 
delivered. 

4080
03:55:32,500 --> 03:55:36,000
The process takes months. 
Religious Administration is 

4081
03:55:36,000 --> 03:55:39,600
equally methodical. 
The Orthodox Church operates, 

4082
03:55:39,600 --> 03:55:43,700
thousands of parishes clergy are
appointed transferred and 

4083
03:55:43,700 --> 03:55:46,100
retired, according to 
established procedures. 

4084
03:55:47,000 --> 03:55:50,300
Church properties are 
maintained, monasteries, 

4085
03:55:50,300 --> 03:55:53,900
managed, lands, and assets. 
The Empire supports the church 

4086
03:55:53,900 --> 03:55:56,700
and the church reinforces the 
Empire's Authority through 

4087
03:55:56,700 --> 03:56:00,700
ritual and teaching priests 
report to Bishops, Bishops, 

4088
03:56:00,700 --> 03:56:04,000
report to the holy Synod. 
The hierarchy is clear and 

4089
03:56:04,000 --> 03:56:08,500
functional education. 
Expands slowly schools are built

4090
03:56:08,508 --> 03:56:11,900
in provincial capitals. 
Curricular a standardized 

4091
03:56:11,900 --> 03:56:16,200
teachers are trained and 
certified literacy rates, 

4092
03:56:16,200 --> 03:56:19,100
improve. 
Gradually books are printed and 

4093
03:56:19,100 --> 03:56:23,200
distributed libraries are 
founded progresses, measured in 

4094
03:56:23,200 --> 03:56:28,100
decades, not years, each smaller
advancement requires planning 

4095
03:56:28,100 --> 03:56:31,600
funding, and patient 
implementation a village 

4096
03:56:31,600 --> 03:56:34,300
receives. 
Its first Schoolhouse children 

4097
03:56:34,300 --> 03:56:37,600
learn to read the next 
generation will be different 

4098
03:56:37,600 --> 03:56:41,300
because of this infrastructure 
demands constant repair. 

4099
03:56:42,300 --> 03:56:46,400
Roads wash out in Spring floods 
Bridges, need reinforcements, 

4100
03:56:46,400 --> 03:56:49,500
canals tilt up and must be 
dredged. 

4101
03:56:49,500 --> 03:56:54,200
Harbors require maintenance 
public buildings, age and need 

4102
03:56:54,200 --> 03:56:57,500
restoration. 
Teams of Engineers and laborers 

4103
03:56:57,500 --> 03:57:02,300
move from project project work. 
Never ends maintenance is an 

4104
03:57:02,300 --> 03:57:05,000
ongoing task not something 
completed and forgotten. 

4105
03:57:05,700 --> 03:57:09,800
Each spring reveals new damage. 
Each Autumn brings urgent 

4106
03:57:09,800 --> 03:57:13,600
preparations for winter. 
The treasury managers revenue 

4107
03:57:13,600 --> 03:57:18,000
and expenditure golden silver 
flow in from taxes and tariffs. 

4108
03:57:18,900 --> 03:57:22,700
Spencer's flow out for salaries 
construction military needs and 

4109
03:57:22,700 --> 03:57:26,200
Court operations. 
Accountants track every 

4110
03:57:26,200 --> 03:57:29,500
transaction audits verify 
accuracy. 

4111
03:57:30,400 --> 03:57:33,700
Financial stability, depends on,
careful, record-keeping and 

4112
03:57:33,700 --> 03:57:37,300
conservative. 
Budgeting unexpected expenses. 

4113
03:57:37,300 --> 03:57:40,500
Must be absorbed bad, Harvest 
reduced. 

4114
03:57:40,500 --> 03:57:45,300
Revenue Wars increase costs 
Treasury balances all these 

4115
03:57:45,300 --> 03:57:48,700
variables, trade routes can 
connect the Empire to The Wider 

4116
03:57:48,700 --> 03:57:52,200
World Merchants. 
Bring goods from China, Persia 

4117
03:57:52,200 --> 03:57:55,700
and Europe. 
Customs officials inspect cargos

4118
03:57:55,700 --> 03:57:59,400
tariffs are collected trade 
agreements and negotiated over 

4119
03:57:59,400 --> 03:58:02,800
months of Correspondence, 
Commerce brings wealth. 

4120
03:58:02,800 --> 03:58:06,500
But also requires regulation to 
protect, domestic Industries and

4121
03:58:06,500 --> 03:58:09,000
ensure. 
Fair practices, a merchant, 

4122
03:58:09,000 --> 03:58:10,700
Guild petitions for lower 
tariffs. 

4123
03:58:11,300 --> 03:58:14,900
The request is reviewed 
competing interests are weighed 

4124
03:58:14,900 --> 03:58:19,600
legal codes are compiled and 
revised judges apply laws that 

4125
03:58:19,600 --> 03:58:23,400
have evolved over centuries 
cases are heard decisions, 

4126
03:58:23,400 --> 03:58:25,200
recorded and precedents 
established. 

4127
03:58:26,000 --> 03:58:28,300
The legal system values 
consistency. 

4128
03:58:29,100 --> 03:58:31,600
Similar cases should yield 
similar outcomes. 

4129
03:58:31,600 --> 03:58:36,700
This predictability makes the 
system trustworthy even if slow.

4130
03:58:37,700 --> 03:58:41,800
A property dispute is resolved. 
The decision is documented. 

4131
03:58:42,700 --> 03:58:45,500
Future similar disputes will 
reference this precedent. 

4132
03:58:46,200 --> 03:58:48,300
Census taking happens 
periodically. 

4133
03:58:49,300 --> 03:58:52,700
Officials travel to every 
region, counting households 

4134
03:58:52,700 --> 03:58:56,200
recording occupations and noting
births and deaths. 

4135
03:58:57,000 --> 03:59:00,600
The data helps plan. 
Resource allocation, it also 

4136
03:59:00,600 --> 03:59:03,900
reminds the population that the 
Empire knows them tracks them 

4137
03:59:03,900 --> 03:59:06,000
and includes them in its 
calculations. 

4138
03:59:06,900 --> 03:59:11,400
A Villages counted. 
Its population has grown more 

4139
03:59:11,400 --> 03:59:13,400
resources will be allocated 
accordingly. 

4140
03:59:14,300 --> 03:59:18,000
Diplomacy is conducted through 
letters and emissaries and 

4141
03:59:18,000 --> 03:59:22,100
bastard as liver abroad. 
Sending regular reports foreign 

4142
03:59:22,100 --> 03:59:24,500
courts and their own 
representatives to the Russian 

4143
03:59:24,500 --> 03:59:27,400
Capital meeting is a formal 
agreements. 

4144
03:59:27,400 --> 03:59:31,200
Take time to negotiate. 
International relationships are 

4145
03:59:31,200 --> 03:59:34,400
maintained through patience 
courtesy and careful attention 

4146
03:59:34,400 --> 03:59:37,000
to protocol. 
A territorial agreement is 

4147
03:59:37,000 --> 03:59:41,700
discussed months passed in 
negotiation eventually terms are

4148
03:59:41,700 --> 03:59:44,900
settled the Empire's diversity 
requires, accommodation 

4149
03:59:44,900 --> 03:59:48,300
different regions have different
languages, customs and 

4150
03:59:48,308 --> 03:59:52,000
traditions Governors learned to 
balance Central Authority with 

4151
03:59:52,000 --> 03:59:55,800
the local autonomy policies are 
adapted to Fit regional 

4152
03:59:55,800 --> 03:59:58,900
realities flexibility prevents 
friction. 

4153
03:59:58,900 --> 04:00:02,100
Respect for local ways 
encourages cooperation. 

4154
04:00:03,500 --> 04:00:05,800
Siberian tribe maintains hunting
rights. 

4155
04:00:05,800 --> 04:00:08,900
A Caucasian Village keeps 
traditional governance 

4156
04:00:08,900 --> 04:00:11,900
structures. 
The Empire contains multitudes 

4157
04:00:11,900 --> 04:00:17,000
scientific Expeditions are 
sponsored Naturalists Explorer 

4158
04:00:17,000 --> 04:00:20,000
side beer collecting specimens 
and making observations. 

4159
04:00:21,400 --> 04:00:25,000
Traumas, establish 
observatories, geologists of a 

4160
04:00:25,000 --> 04:00:28,000
mineral deposits knowledge. 
Accumulates slowly through 

4161
04:00:28,000 --> 04:00:31,400
systematic study. 
The empire invests in 

4162
04:00:31,400 --> 04:00:33,500
understanding its own territory 
and resources. 

4163
04:00:33,500 --> 04:00:37,600
The new species of plant is 
catalogued a mineral. 

4164
04:00:37,600 --> 04:00:41,400
Deposit is discovered each 
finding adds to Collective 

4165
04:00:41,400 --> 04:00:45,100
knowledge archives. 
Preserve history, documents from

4166
04:00:45,100 --> 04:00:47,800
previous rains, are stored in 
climate-controlled rooms 

4167
04:00:47,800 --> 04:00:53,000
Librarians, catalog materials, 
researchers consult old records 

4168
04:00:53,000 --> 04:00:56,800
to inform current decisions. 
The past guides, the present 

4169
04:00:56,800 --> 04:01:01,500
continuity is valued change 
happens within the framework of 

4170
04:01:01,500 --> 04:01:04,700
tradition. 
An 18th century border agreement

4171
04:01:04,700 --> 04:01:07,000
is referenced to settle in 19th 
century. 

4172
04:01:07,000 --> 04:01:10,800
Dispute Public Health 
initiatives, develop gradually 

4173
04:01:10,800 --> 04:01:16,300
hospitals of build doctors are 
trained vaccination, programs 

4174
04:01:16,300 --> 04:01:20,200
begin in cities and to rural 
areas sanitation. 

4175
04:01:20,200 --> 04:01:23,300
Improves clean water systems are
constructed. 

4176
04:01:23,300 --> 04:01:27,800
These efforts reduce disease and
improve quality of life though. 

4177
04:01:27,800 --> 04:01:29,800
Progresses incremental and 
uneven. 

4178
04:01:31,000 --> 04:01:32,800
A city builds. 
Its first hospital. 

4179
04:01:34,000 --> 04:01:38,200
Mortality rates begin to decline
the Postal Service expands 

4180
04:01:38,200 --> 04:01:42,500
across the Empire hosts offices 
open in towns and Villages mail 

4181
04:01:42,500 --> 04:01:45,300
carriers, travel established 
roots on foot horseback and 

4182
04:01:45,300 --> 04:01:48,400
later by train. 
Let us connect families 

4183
04:01:48,400 --> 04:01:52,500
separated by vast distance, 
communication becomes more 

4184
04:01:52,500 --> 04:01:55,100
reliable. 
The postal system is a quiet, 

4185
04:01:55,108 --> 04:01:57,300
but vital thread holding the 
empire together. 

4186
04:01:58,100 --> 04:02:01,900
A letter from a soldier reaches,
his family news, travels 

4187
04:02:01,900 --> 04:02:07,400
manufacturing grows factories, 
produce textiles metalwork and 

4188
04:02:07,400 --> 04:02:10,900
processed foods. 
Workers, learn trades. 

4189
04:02:11,600 --> 04:02:15,500
Production increases the Empire 
becomes less dependent on 

4190
04:02:15,500 --> 04:02:18,800
Imports. 
Economic self-sufficiency is a 

4191
04:02:18,800 --> 04:02:21,700
long-term goal pursued through 
steady investment in domestic 

4192
04:02:21,700 --> 04:02:25,300
capacity. 
Textile mill, opens, local 

4193
04:02:25,300 --> 04:02:29,100
cotton is processed finished 
cloth stays in the Empire 

4194
04:02:29,100 --> 04:02:32,000
agricultural Improvement is 
ongoing. 

4195
04:02:32,000 --> 04:02:36,300
New crops are introduced farming
techniques are studied and 

4196
04:02:36,300 --> 04:02:41,600
shared experimental Farms test 
Innovations yields increased 

4197
04:02:41,600 --> 04:02:44,900
lightly year by year feeding the
empires growing population 

4198
04:02:44,900 --> 04:02:48,500
requires constant attention to 
agricultural productivity. 

4199
04:02:49,600 --> 04:02:52,000
A new variety of wheat is 
planted it. 

4200
04:02:52,000 --> 04:02:55,500
Proves hardier. 
Seeds are distributed to other 

4201
04:02:55,500 --> 04:02:58,200
regions. 
Water management is crucial. 

4202
04:02:58,200 --> 04:03:03,200
Irrigation systems are built and
maintained drainage projects. 

4203
04:03:03,200 --> 04:03:06,700
Prevent flooding. 
Wells are dug in arid regions. 

4204
04:03:06,700 --> 04:03:10,200
Access to water, determined 
settlement patterns and 

4205
04:03:10,200 --> 04:03:15,200
agricultural success, Engineers 
Design Systems laborers, dig 

4206
04:03:15,200 --> 04:03:17,800
channels, water flows, where it 
is needed. 

4207
04:03:18,700 --> 04:03:20,500
Forests are managed as 
resources. 

4208
04:03:20,500 --> 04:03:25,500
Timber is harvested sustainably.
Reforestation programs. 

4209
04:03:25,500 --> 04:03:29,400
Plant, new trees, hunting is 
regulated to prevent depletion 

4210
04:03:29,400 --> 04:03:32,000
of game. 
The Empire's vast forests are 

4211
04:03:32,000 --> 04:03:34,500
both an economic asset and a 
natural treasure. 

4212
04:03:35,400 --> 04:03:37,900
A logging operation follows 
strict guidelines. 

4213
04:03:37,900 --> 04:03:40,500
New saplings are planted in 
cleared areas. 

4214
04:03:41,300 --> 04:03:45,300
Mining operations, extract, 
coal, iron, gold, and other 

4215
04:03:45,300 --> 04:03:48,100
minerals. 
Safety regulations, protect 

4216
04:03:48,100 --> 04:03:52,900
workers output is tracked and 
taxed mineral wealth funds. 

4217
04:03:52,900 --> 04:03:55,400
Imperial projects. 
Minds are dangerous but 

4218
04:03:55,400 --> 04:03:59,000
necessary improvements and 
technique reduced accidents over

4219
04:03:59,000 --> 04:04:01,200
time. 
Transportation networks. 

4220
04:04:01,200 --> 04:04:06,200
Expand new roads are surveyed in
existing roads are improved 

4221
04:04:06,200 --> 04:04:09,400
River navigation, is enhanced 
ports. 

4222
04:04:09,400 --> 04:04:13,300
Are modernized moving goods and 
people efficiently is essential 

4223
04:04:13,300 --> 04:04:15,800
to economic health. 
A new road connects to 

4224
04:04:15,800 --> 04:04:20,000
provincial capitals trading 
increases urban planning, 

4225
04:04:20,000 --> 04:04:23,800
addresses, growing cities, 
zoning regulations, separate 

4226
04:04:23,800 --> 04:04:26,500
residential, commercial, and 
industrial areas. 

4227
04:04:27,300 --> 04:04:31,400
Public spaces are created, 
sanitation systems are installed

4228
04:04:31,400 --> 04:04:35,000
cities become more livable as 
planning improves. 

4229
04:04:35,800 --> 04:04:39,900
The city expands in an orderly 
fashion parks are preserved. 

4230
04:04:40,800 --> 04:04:44,600
Streets follow grids. 
Every aspect of Empire requires 

4231
04:04:44,600 --> 04:04:47,900
maintenance. 
Systems must be kept running. 

4232
04:04:48,600 --> 04:04:52,400
People must be trained and 
supervised resources must be 

4233
04:04:52,400 --> 04:04:55,800
allocated wisely. 
The work is unglamorous but 

4234
04:04:55,800 --> 04:04:59,700
necessary, the romanovs oversee,
this vast administrative 

4235
04:04:59,700 --> 04:05:03,300
operators relying on skilled 
bureaucrats and inherited 

4236
04:05:03,300 --> 04:05:05,600
systems to keep everything 
functioning smoothly. 

4237
04:05:06,600 --> 04:05:10,400
The empress signs documents 
ministers, Implement policies. 

4238
04:05:10,400 --> 04:05:15,100
The machine of State grind. 
Steadily onward, reforms happen,

4239
04:05:15,100 --> 04:05:17,800
slowly. 
A new policy is proposed. 

4240
04:05:17,800 --> 04:05:22,400
It is debated revised and tested
in limited areas. 

4241
04:05:22,400 --> 04:05:28,200
If successful, it is gradually 
extended if not, it is quietly, 

4242
04:05:28,200 --> 04:05:31,400
abandoned caution prevents 
costly mistakes. 

4243
04:05:32,200 --> 04:05:34,900
Its parents teachers, the value 
of incremental change 

4244
04:05:34,900 --> 04:05:37,900
record-keeping become 
increasingly sophisticated 

4245
04:05:37,900 --> 04:05:42,100
filing systems are standardized 
indexing. 

4246
04:05:42,100 --> 04:05:46,500
Improves finding information 
becomes easier, institutional 

4247
04:05:46,500 --> 04:05:50,300
memory is preserved. 
Clark and locate a 10 year old 

4248
04:05:50,300 --> 04:05:54,500
document in minutes. 
Efficiency improves, the 

4249
04:05:54,500 --> 04:05:57,000
Empire's size makes uniformity 
impossible. 

4250
04:05:57,000 --> 04:06:00,500
What works in the capital may 
not work on the frontier? 

4251
04:06:01,200 --> 04:06:03,400
Administrators learn to adapt 
Central. 

4252
04:06:03,400 --> 04:06:07,500
Directives to local conditions. 
Flexibility within structure 

4253
04:06:07,500 --> 04:06:10,000
keeps the system. 
Functioning a regulation is 

4254
04:06:10,000 --> 04:06:12,100
modified for regional 
circumstances. 

4255
04:06:12,100 --> 04:06:15,100
The adaptation is documented and
becomes precedent. 

4256
04:06:15,900 --> 04:06:18,900
Stability is the goal. 
Predictable governance allows 

4257
04:06:18,900 --> 04:06:23,300
people to plan Farmers, know 
what taxes to expect, Merchants,

4258
04:06:23,300 --> 04:06:26,400
understand trade regulations 
soldiers, know their 

4259
04:06:26,400 --> 04:06:31,300
obligations, predictability 
creates confidants, confident 

4260
04:06:31,300 --> 04:06:34,000
supports economic activity and 
social piece. 

4261
04:06:34,800 --> 04:06:38,500
Children are born into 
expectation, a Sons, arrival 

4262
04:06:38,500 --> 04:06:42,100
brings celebrations with bells 
ringing across the capitol. 

4263
04:06:43,000 --> 04:06:46,300
A daughter's birth is welcome 
with joy, but less ceremony. 

4264
04:06:47,100 --> 04:06:49,500
Gender shapes desks Andy from 
the first moment. 

4265
04:06:50,300 --> 04:06:54,200
Boys are heirs girl's a future 
links to other Royal houses 

4266
04:06:54,200 --> 04:06:57,200
through marriage. 
The first Cry of an infant 

4267
04:06:57,200 --> 04:06:58,900
reverberates through 
generations. 

4268
04:06:58,900 --> 04:07:01,500
Christenings, follow strict 
protocol. 

4269
04:07:01,500 --> 04:07:06,000
The infant is baptized in the 
palace Chapel godparents are 

4270
04:07:06,000 --> 04:07:08,500
chosen from among close 
relatives or high-ranking 

4271
04:07:08,500 --> 04:07:12,000
Nobles. 
The ceremony a child's place in 

4272
04:07:12,008 --> 04:07:15,500
the Orthodox faith and the 
Imperial family, records are 

4273
04:07:15,500 --> 04:07:17,500
made. 
The child becomes part of 

4274
04:07:17,500 --> 04:07:20,700
official history. 
Names are chosen carefully. 

4275
04:07:20,700 --> 04:07:25,000
Often honoring ancestors. 
The past is woven into the 

4276
04:07:25,000 --> 04:07:28,900
present through naming. 
Nursery is a warm well-lit 

4277
04:07:28,900 --> 04:07:33,300
spaces, filled with wooden toys 
and soft Furnishings wet nurses 

4278
04:07:33,300 --> 04:07:36,300
care for infants Nanny. 
Supervised toddlers. 

4279
04:07:36,300 --> 04:07:40,100
Children are fed bathed and 
dressed according to schedule. 

4280
04:07:40,900 --> 04:07:43,800
Routines are established early. 
Sleep happens. 

4281
04:07:43,800 --> 04:07:48,500
Set times meals appear. 
Predictable hours ordered 

4282
04:07:48,500 --> 04:07:50,700
governments. 
Even the youngest lives a baby 

4283
04:07:50,708 --> 04:07:53,400
weights his fed and sleeps 
again. 

4284
04:07:54,300 --> 04:07:59,700
Cycle repeats as children. 
Grow education begins, tutors 

4285
04:07:59,700 --> 04:08:02,700
are hired usually from 
aristocratic families with 

4286
04:08:02,700 --> 04:08:07,800
proven educational credentials. 
Languages, come first, Russian 

4287
04:08:07,800 --> 04:08:11,400
French German, and sometimes 
English. 

4288
04:08:12,400 --> 04:08:14,000
Children, learn through 
repetition. 

4289
04:08:14,000 --> 04:08:18,100
And recitation, grammar is 
drilled vocabulary. 

4290
04:08:18,100 --> 04:08:21,300
Builds slowly fluency develops 
over Years. 

4291
04:08:21,300 --> 04:08:25,900
A Child struggles with 
conjugations practice continues 

4292
04:08:25,900 --> 04:08:30,200
patiently until Mastery arrives.
Religious instruction is Central

4293
04:08:30,200 --> 04:08:33,500
children, memorized prayers and 
learn church history. 

4294
04:08:33,500 --> 04:08:38,200
They attend Services regularly 
faith is not questioned but 

4295
04:08:38,200 --> 04:08:42,000
instilled it provides a moral 
framework and connects them to 

4296
04:08:42,000 --> 04:08:45,600
centuries of tradition. 
Churches, teaching shape, their 

4297
04:08:45,600 --> 04:08:47,900
understanding of Duty, and 
responsibility. 

4298
04:08:48,700 --> 04:08:51,900
A child learns the Liturgy. 
The ancient words become 

4299
04:08:51,900 --> 04:08:56,200
familiar comforting. 
Boys receive military training. 

4300
04:08:56,200 --> 04:09:01,000
They wear minty uniforms. 
They learned to March salute and

4301
04:09:01,000 --> 04:09:05,100
handle ceremonial weapons. 
Discipline is emphasized, 

4302
04:09:05,100 --> 04:09:09,700
obedience is expected, military.
Tradition is woven into 

4303
04:09:09,700 --> 04:09:13,200
masculine identity. 
Even Prince's who will never 

4304
04:09:13,200 --> 04:09:16,600
command troops are shaped by 
this training, a young Grand 

4305
04:09:16,600 --> 04:09:18,300
Duke, learns to stand at 
attention. 

4306
04:09:19,100 --> 04:09:22,100
Hours of drill build endurance 
and discipline. 

4307
04:09:22,700 --> 04:09:26,900
Girls learn domestic arts and 
social graces, they embroider 

4308
04:09:26,900 --> 04:09:28,700
paint and play musical 
instruments. 

4309
04:09:28,700 --> 04:09:33,400
They study etiquette learning 
how to enter rooms how to curtsy

4310
04:09:33,400 --> 04:09:36,100
and how to make conversation 
without dominating it. 

4311
04:09:36,100 --> 04:09:39,600
Their education prepares them 
for roles as wives and mothers 

4312
04:09:39,600 --> 04:09:44,300
within aristocratic Society. 
A grand duchess practices piano,

4313
04:09:45,300 --> 04:09:50,200
Repetition develops, skill. 
Performance is refined family 

4314
04:09:50,200 --> 04:09:53,600
meals, bring everyone together. 
The dining table is where 

4315
04:09:53,600 --> 04:09:55,900
children practice manners and 
conversation. 

4316
04:09:55,900 --> 04:10:00,100
They listen to adults discuss 
Estate Management, family, news 

4317
04:10:00,100 --> 04:10:03,700
and plans for upcoming events, 
they learn by observation, 

4318
04:10:03,700 --> 04:10:08,000
proper behavior, is modeled and 
expected a child reaches 

4319
04:10:08,000 --> 04:10:11,200
incorrectly for bread. 
The gentle reminded corrects, 

4320
04:10:11,200 --> 04:10:16,900
the era birthdays are marked 
simply special cake, small gifts

4321
04:10:16,900 --> 04:10:21,100
and time with family. 
Celebration of warm but not 

4322
04:10:21,100 --> 04:10:24,400
extravagant. 
Children understand their part 

4323
04:10:24,400 --> 04:10:28,000
of something larger than 
themselves individual desires. 

4324
04:10:28,000 --> 04:10:31,000
A secondary to family Duty and 
Dynasty continuity. 

4325
04:10:31,800 --> 04:10:36,200
The birthday passes pleasantly. 
Child feels noticed and loved 

4326
04:10:36,200 --> 04:10:39,900
but not elevated above others. 
Summers are spent at Country. 

4327
04:10:39,900 --> 04:10:42,100
Estates children. 
Run in. 

4328
04:10:42,100 --> 04:10:44,400
Gardens swimming, lakes and ride
ponies. 

4329
04:10:45,100 --> 04:10:48,500
The rural setting offers Freedom
impossible and formal Palace 

4330
04:10:48,500 --> 04:10:51,000
life. 
Relationships with siblings and 

4331
04:10:51,000 --> 04:10:53,200
cousins deepen. 
During these months. 

4332
04:10:53,900 --> 04:10:57,200
Bonds formed in childhood 
persist across lifetimes 

4333
04:10:57,200 --> 04:11:01,700
cousins, climb trees together. 
Shared Adventures, create 

4334
04:11:01,700 --> 04:11:05,600
lasting connections illness 
brings worried but his managed 

4335
04:11:05,600 --> 04:11:10,800
calmly, doctors, attend remedies
are applied families, prey. 

4336
04:11:11,600 --> 04:11:14,100
Recovery happens slowly or not 
at all. 

4337
04:11:14,100 --> 04:11:18,600
Death is familiar infant. 
Mortality as common parents, 

4338
04:11:18,600 --> 04:11:22,500
grieve privately and continue. 
Life goes on tradition. 

4339
04:11:22,500 --> 04:11:24,100
Provides comfort. 
In loss. 

4340
04:11:24,100 --> 04:11:28,500
A Child Falls ill with fever the
household Waits prayer and 

4341
04:11:28,500 --> 04:11:30,800
medicine. 
Do what they can, add a lesson, 

4342
04:11:30,800 --> 04:11:34,800
brings increased responsibility 
older children participate in 

4343
04:11:34,800 --> 04:11:38,400
more formal activities. 
They attend ceremonies meet 

4344
04:11:38,400 --> 04:11:41,400
dignitaries and represent the 
family to vents. 

4345
04:11:42,000 --> 04:11:46,000
Their education, intensifies, 
expectations, rise. 

4346
04:11:46,000 --> 04:11:50,700
The transition to adulthood is 
gradual but inevitable, a 

4347
04:11:50,700 --> 04:11:52,900
teenage Grand Duke attends his 
first state dinner. 

4348
04:11:52,900 --> 04:11:57,600
He observes closely learning 
through participation marriages 

4349
04:11:57,600 --> 04:12:01,600
arranged with care matches and 
negotiated between families 

4350
04:12:01,600 --> 04:12:05,300
compatibility matters less than 
political and dynastic 

4351
04:12:05,300 --> 04:12:08,300
Advantage, young. 
People meet briefly before 

4352
04:12:08,300 --> 04:12:10,500
engagement. 
They correspond under 

4353
04:12:10,500 --> 04:12:13,400
supervision. 
Love may grow after marriage but

4354
04:12:13,400 --> 04:12:17,500
is not required before it. 
A young Grand, Duchess meets her

4355
04:12:17,500 --> 04:12:19,600
intended. 
The Exchange polite 

4356
04:12:19,600 --> 04:12:22,200
conversation. 
The decision has already been 

4357
04:12:22,200 --> 04:12:26,200
made wedding's. 
A grand occasions churches are 

4358
04:12:26,200 --> 04:12:30,200
decorated with flowers and 
candles ceremony is lost hours. 

4359
04:12:30,200 --> 04:12:33,400
Guests include relatives from 
across Europe. 

4360
04:12:33,400 --> 04:12:38,200
Banquets follow music plays. 
A couple is blessed. 

4361
04:12:39,000 --> 04:12:42,000
They begin their life together, 
supported by family and 

4362
04:12:42,000 --> 04:12:45,300
tradition. 
A wedding nights to families. 

4363
04:12:45,300 --> 04:12:48,400
Toasts are offered the future is
hopeful. 

4364
04:12:49,400 --> 04:12:52,400
Newlyweds established their own 
households within the broader 

4365
04:12:52,400 --> 04:12:55,200
family structure. 
They receive apartments in 

4366
04:12:55,200 --> 04:12:58,500
palaces or States. 
Servants are assigned 

4367
04:12:58,500 --> 04:13:02,200
Furnishings are provided the 
young couple learns to manage 

4368
04:13:02,200 --> 04:13:05,000
their domestic sphere while 
remaining embedded in family 

4369
04:13:05,000 --> 04:13:07,900
Networks. 
A new couple settles into their 

4370
04:13:07,900 --> 04:13:12,400
rooms routines are established. 
Life as a married pair begins 

4371
04:13:12,400 --> 04:13:14,800
generational, transition 
happens. 

4372
04:13:14,800 --> 04:13:19,100
Gradually, Aging Emperors seed 
responsibilities to heirs 

4373
04:13:19,100 --> 04:13:22,900
training intensifies. 
The next ruler Shadows, the 

4374
04:13:22,900 --> 04:13:25,900
current one learning through 
observation, and increasing 

4375
04:13:25,900 --> 04:13:30,400
participation power transfers 
across years not in a single 

4376
04:13:30,400 --> 04:13:33,600
moment. 
An aging Emperor, delegates more

4377
04:13:33,600 --> 04:13:37,000
his Sonos responsibilities 
smoothly. 

4378
04:13:37,900 --> 04:13:40,600
Elderly family members, retain 
respect and position. 

4379
04:13:41,400 --> 04:13:45,400
Grandparents advice, great aunts
and uncles share Stories. 

4380
04:13:45,400 --> 04:13:50,200
The old connect the young to the
Past Memory is collective. 

4381
04:13:50,200 --> 04:13:53,700
History, is kept alive through 
retelling. 

4382
04:13:54,600 --> 04:13:58,300
A grandmother describes her own 
childhood grandchildren. 

4383
04:13:58,300 --> 04:14:02,800
Liston, the family story 
continues, family, gatherings, 

4384
04:14:02,800 --> 04:14:07,300
Mark, holidays and significant 
events relative's travel from 

4385
04:14:07,300 --> 04:14:10,800
across the Empire to reunite. 
Tables are crowded 

4386
04:14:10,800 --> 04:14:14,600
conversations, overlap children 
play together while adults. 

4387
04:14:14,600 --> 04:14:17,400
Catch up on news. 
These gatherings reinforced 

4388
04:14:17,400 --> 04:14:20,300
bonds and remind everyone of 
their place in the larger family

4389
04:14:20,300 --> 04:14:23,500
web, a holiday brings three 
generations together. 

4390
04:14:23,500 --> 04:14:28,200
The house fills with voices, 
Traditions are explained and 

4391
04:14:28,200 --> 04:14:31,000
passed down. 
Why certain foods are eaten on 

4392
04:14:31,000 --> 04:14:34,200
specific days. 
Like, particular prayers are 

4393
04:14:34,200 --> 04:14:38,900
said why ceremonies unfold and 
set Waze children, absorb these 

4394
04:14:38,900 --> 04:14:42,700
explanations, they become 
keepers of tradition, ready to 

4395
04:14:42,700 --> 04:14:47,300
pass it to the next Generation. 
A child asks, why an adult 

4396
04:14:47,300 --> 04:14:51,600
explains? 
Understanding deepens, portraits

4397
04:14:51,600 --> 04:14:56,700
line Palace walls, ancestors 
gaze from heavy frames current 

4398
04:14:56,700 --> 04:15:00,100
family members, see themselves, 
reflected in painted faces 

4399
04:15:00,100 --> 04:15:05,100
resemblances and noted, traits 
are traced across Generations. 

4400
04:15:05,100 --> 04:15:09,300
The past is visually present, a 
constant, reminder of 

4401
04:15:09,300 --> 04:15:13,300
continuity. 
Child stands before an ancestors

4402
04:15:13,300 --> 04:15:18,500
portrait, the same eyes. 
Look back. family archives, hold

4403
04:15:18,500 --> 04:15:23,000
letters, Diaries and official, 
documents older, relatives 

4404
04:15:23,000 --> 04:15:25,500
sometimes, read from these 
sharing stories of great 

4405
04:15:25,500 --> 04:15:29,400
grandparents and earlier times, 
The family story is a living 

4406
04:15:29,408 --> 04:15:34,500
narrative continuously told and 
retold an old letter is 

4407
04:15:34,500 --> 04:15:38,900
discovered it describes daily 
life, a century ago, little as 

4408
04:15:38,900 --> 04:15:41,800
changed. 
Each generation adds to the 

4409
04:15:41,800 --> 04:15:46,000
family's Legacy. 
New children, new marriages new 

4410
04:15:46,000 --> 04:15:50,800
accomplishments, the dynasty 
grows like a tree Putting Down 

4411
04:15:50,800 --> 04:15:53,200
Deeper roots and spreading 
wider. 

4412
04:15:53,200 --> 04:15:57,800
Branches continuity, is the 
highest value tradition is the 

4413
04:15:57,800 --> 04:16:00,600
means by which it is achieved? 
A birth. 

4414
04:16:00,608 --> 04:16:05,300
Is recorded the family tree. 
Expands conflicts arise, but a 

4415
04:16:05,300 --> 04:16:06,700
managed within family 
structures. 

4416
04:16:06,700 --> 04:16:10,900
Disagreements, and mediated by 
Elders compromises. 

4417
04:16:10,900 --> 04:16:15,100
Encouraged public Unity as 
maintained even when private 

4418
04:16:15,100 --> 04:16:18,700
tensions exist. 
The family's reputation matters 

4419
04:16:18,700 --> 04:16:20,500
more than individual 
satisfaction. 

4420
04:16:21,600 --> 04:16:26,000
A dispute is settled quietly. 
The family presents a united 

4421
04:16:26,000 --> 04:16:28,900
front. 
Siblings developed distinct 

4422
04:16:28,900 --> 04:16:32,700
relationships, summer clothes, 
others are formal birthday 

4423
04:16:32,700 --> 04:16:35,400
matters. 
The eldest son carries unique. 

4424
04:16:35,400 --> 04:16:38,300
Burden's, younger children have 
more freedom. 

4425
04:16:38,300 --> 04:16:42,800
These Dynamic shape, 
personality, and futures, Two 

4426
04:16:42,800 --> 04:16:46,400
brothers grow up together one 
will rule one will support. 

4427
04:16:47,300 --> 04:16:51,400
Education includes understanding
lineage children learn their 

4428
04:16:51,400 --> 04:16:55,200
genealogy who their ancestors 
were and what roles they played 

4429
04:16:55,200 --> 04:16:57,500
family history is personal 
history. 

4430
04:16:57,500 --> 04:17:02,700
The past is not abstract, but 
immediate A child recites and 

4431
04:17:02,700 --> 04:17:07,600
sisters names the list stretches
back Generations daughters 

4432
04:17:07,600 --> 04:17:11,000
prepare for eventual departure 
marriage will take them to other

4433
04:17:11,000 --> 04:17:14,100
courts other countries. 
They will represent the family 

4434
04:17:14,100 --> 04:17:17,900
abroad this knowledge shapes. 
Their upbringing languages are 

4435
04:17:17,900 --> 04:17:22,700
essential adaptability is 
cultivated a young Grand Duchess

4436
04:17:22,700 --> 04:17:26,200
knows she will leave she 
prepares herself emotionally 

4437
04:17:26,200 --> 04:17:31,300
Sons prepare for increasing 
responsibility titles a States 

4438
04:17:31,300 --> 04:17:36,000
and Military commands await. 
They must be ready to lead to 

4439
04:17:36,000 --> 04:17:40,600
decide and to represent. 
Childhood play gives way to 

4440
04:17:40,600 --> 04:17:44,500
Serious preparation a young man 
studied military strategy. 

4441
04:17:45,100 --> 04:17:49,100
His future depends on competence
family prayers have been daily. 

4442
04:17:49,100 --> 04:17:53,500
The household gathers before 
icon's familiar words are spoken

4443
04:17:53,500 --> 04:17:56,800
together. 
This shared practice reinforces 

4444
04:17:56,800 --> 04:17:59,400
unity. 
Everyone participates. 

4445
04:17:59,400 --> 04:18:02,900
Faith is collective a family 
prays together. 

4446
04:18:02,900 --> 04:18:07,700
Individual voices, blend letters
between family members, maintain

4447
04:18:07,700 --> 04:18:11,100
connection, across distance. 
A mother writes to a married 

4448
04:18:11,100 --> 04:18:14,400
daughter, a father, advises, a 
son serving in the military, 

4449
04:18:14,400 --> 04:18:18,100
these letters of treasured read 
multiple times and sometimes 

4450
04:18:18,100 --> 04:18:21,800
saved for years written words, 
Bridge separation. 

4451
04:18:22,600 --> 04:18:25,100
Families. 
Public role is understood by all

4452
04:18:25,100 --> 04:18:28,300
they represent not just 
themselves but the empire 

4453
04:18:29,100 --> 04:18:33,700
Behavior is scrutinized 
standards are high children, 

4454
04:18:33,700 --> 04:18:36,400
learn early that they are never 
entirely private. 

4455
04:18:36,400 --> 04:18:38,900
A family member makes a public 
appearance. 

4456
04:18:38,900 --> 04:18:44,000
Dignity is maintained loyalty to
family super seeds. 

4457
04:18:44,000 --> 04:18:47,600
Most other loyalties Family 
members defend each other 

4458
04:18:47,600 --> 04:18:50,500
supporting each other and 
protect each other's 

4459
04:18:50,500 --> 04:18:53,700
reputations. 
This solidarity is unquestioned.

4460
04:18:53,700 --> 04:18:57,900
Blood Ties Are sacred. 
Family comes first. 

4461
04:18:59,000 --> 04:19:02,400
Callender structures time. 
Religious feast days. 

4462
04:19:02,400 --> 04:19:05,900
Mark, the years progressed, 
Advent brings anticipation, 

4463
04:19:05,900 --> 04:19:09,400
Christmas brings candlelit 
services and family. 

4464
04:19:09,400 --> 04:19:14,600
Gatherings lent brings fasting 
and reflection Easter brings joy

4465
04:19:14,600 --> 04:19:18,200
and abundant meals Seasons. 
Turn according to ancient 

4466
04:19:18,200 --> 04:19:21,300
patterns the year unfolds in a 
familiar sequence. 

4467
04:19:21,300 --> 04:19:26,900
Winter is quiet. 
Snow muscles sound, short days 

4468
04:19:26,900 --> 04:19:30,600
mean long evening's indoors, the
household settles into slower 

4469
04:19:30,600 --> 04:19:33,900
rhythms less travel more time 
for reading conversation and 

4470
04:19:33,900 --> 04:19:38,700
handwork. 
Cold encourages rest fires, burn

4471
04:19:38,700 --> 04:19:41,500
constantly people gather around 
heat. 

4472
04:19:41,500 --> 04:19:47,200
Outdoors is hostile indoors is 
Refuge spring arrives late in 

4473
04:19:47,208 --> 04:19:50,100
Northern Russia, ice breaks up 
on Rivers. 

4474
04:19:50,100 --> 04:19:53,000
Mud makes roads impossible for 
weeks. 

4475
04:19:53,800 --> 04:19:56,300
A household Waits patiently for 
the land to dry. 

4476
04:19:56,300 --> 04:20:01,700
Gardens are planed, seeds, are 
ordered and anticipation builds 

4477
04:20:01,700 --> 04:20:05,600
slowly naturally. 
The first green shoots bring 

4478
04:20:05,600 --> 04:20:09,400
relief, Winter's grip Loose 
Ends, summer brings movement, 

4479
04:20:09,400 --> 04:20:14,400
the court relocate to Country 
estate's, palaces or aired out 

4480
04:20:14,400 --> 04:20:17,200
cleaned and left to stand 
quietly. 

4481
04:20:18,100 --> 04:20:20,900
Families packed belongings into 
carriages and make the journey 

4482
04:20:20,900 --> 04:20:23,200
to properties surrounded by 
forests and Fields. 

4483
04:20:24,300 --> 04:20:27,300
Fresh air longer days and 
Outdoor Activity. 

4484
04:20:27,300 --> 04:20:30,900
Restore energy. 
Summer is renewal, autism, is 

4485
04:20:30,908 --> 04:20:33,600
Harvest Time even Imperial 
families. 

4486
04:20:33,600 --> 04:20:36,300
Participate symbolically in 
bringing in the Years yield 

4487
04:20:36,300 --> 04:20:40,600
children pickles in Orchards, 
walk through fields. 

4488
04:20:41,300 --> 04:20:44,800
Observing the work. 
Gratitude for abundance is 

4489
04:20:44,800 --> 04:20:47,100
expressed through prayers and 
shared meals. 

4490
04:20:47,100 --> 04:20:50,900
Storerooms Phil winter 
preparations, intensify 

4491
04:20:50,900 --> 04:20:55,400
weekends, follow a pattern. 
Saturday evening, vigils, 

4492
04:20:55,400 --> 04:20:59,100
prepare for Sunday, rest. 
Sunday morning, the family, 

4493
04:20:59,100 --> 04:21:02,300
attends liturgy. 
The service is long filled with 

4494
04:21:02,300 --> 04:21:07,300
chanting and incense afterwards 
the day unfolds gently reading 

4495
04:21:07,300 --> 04:21:11,300
quiet conversation, simple 
meals, no demanding work. 

4496
04:21:11,300 --> 04:21:16,200
Sunday is set apart after 
afternoon naps a common after 

4497
04:21:16,200 --> 04:21:20,300
midday meals, people retire to 
private rooms curtains are drawn

4498
04:21:20,300 --> 04:21:22,200
silence, settles over the 
household. 

4499
04:21:23,100 --> 04:21:24,700
And how are two of sleep 
refreshes. 

4500
04:21:24,700 --> 04:21:28,400
Every one, the practice is 
accepted expected and part of 

4501
04:21:28,400 --> 04:21:31,300
the daily rhythm. 
Bodies need midday rest. 

4502
04:21:31,300 --> 04:21:35,200
The household honors. 
This need named days are 

4503
04:21:35,200 --> 04:21:38,700
celebrated more than birth days.
Everyone has a Saints Day 

4504
04:21:38,700 --> 04:21:41,700
corresponding to their name. 
The person is onward with 

4505
04:21:41,700 --> 04:21:43,700
well-wishes. 
Small gifts. 

4506
04:21:44,300 --> 04:21:48,600
And preferred Foods, it is a 
personal Feast Day, repeated 

4507
04:21:48,600 --> 04:21:51,600
annually, connecting the 
individual to the liturgical 

4508
04:21:51,600 --> 04:21:54,500
calendar. 
A name day arrives. 

4509
04:21:55,300 --> 04:21:59,600
The household celebrates quietly
retreats to monasteries offer 

4510
04:21:59,600 --> 04:22:02,300
spiritual renewal. 
The emperor occasionally visits 

4511
04:22:02,300 --> 04:22:07,000
monastic communities staying in 
simple rooms attending services 

4512
04:22:07,000 --> 04:22:12,100
and sharing meals with monks. 
The Simplicity is restorative. 

4513
04:22:12,800 --> 04:22:15,900
Stripping away ceremony and 
luxury allows for reflection and

4514
04:22:15,900 --> 04:22:17,700
rest. 
Monastery. 

4515
04:22:17,700 --> 04:22:21,100
Life is stripped to Essentials. 
The contrast is healing. 

4516
04:22:22,000 --> 04:22:24,200
Spa towns offer another form of 
retreat. 

4517
04:22:25,100 --> 04:22:28,100
Mineral baths are thought to 
promote Health family. 

4518
04:22:28,100 --> 04:22:32,100
Spend weeks at Spar Resorts 
soaking in warm Waters, walking 

4519
04:22:32,100 --> 04:22:34,900
in gardens and following 
prescribed, reschedules. 

4520
04:22:34,900 --> 04:22:38,500
Healing happens slowly through 
routine and relaxation. 

4521
04:22:38,500 --> 04:22:44,700
Water eases aches, Time Heals 
evening, routines begin as 

4522
04:22:44,700 --> 04:22:49,800
daylight Fades lamps alert. 
Gradually workspace is a tidied 

4523
04:22:49,800 --> 04:22:53,300
people change from day clothes, 
into more comfortable evening 

4524
04:22:53,300 --> 04:22:56,800
wear. 
The pace slows voices, softened 

4525
04:22:56,800 --> 04:23:01,000
the household prepares for rest.
The transition is gentle. 

4526
04:23:01,000 --> 04:23:05,400
Never abroad. 
Full bed, prayers are said. 

4527
04:23:06,100 --> 04:23:08,300
Small icons, hang in. 
Bedroom Corners. 

4528
04:23:08,300 --> 04:23:13,500
Candles are lit, briefly prayers
are familiar words, repeatedly. 

4529
04:23:14,200 --> 04:23:18,300
This ritual marks the transition
from waking to sleeping from 

4530
04:23:18,300 --> 04:23:22,800
activity to Stillness. 
Prayer is whispered, the day is 

4531
04:23:22,808 --> 04:23:25,500
released bedrooms are kept, 
cool. 

4532
04:23:25,500 --> 04:23:27,900
Windows are cracked even in 
Winter. 

4533
04:23:27,900 --> 04:23:33,000
Fresh air is considered healthy.
Heavy blankets, provide warmth. 

4534
04:23:33,700 --> 04:23:35,600
Feather beds are soft and 
enveloping. 

4535
04:23:36,400 --> 04:23:39,900
Sleep comes easily and 
comfortable Darkness, the body. 

4536
04:23:39,900 --> 04:23:45,000
Settles rest begins. 
Watches acquired, guards Patrol 

4537
04:23:45,000 --> 04:23:48,800
Palace corridors servants are 
available for emergencies but 

4538
04:23:48,800 --> 04:23:52,100
stay out of sight. 
The household sleeps protected 

4539
04:23:52,100 --> 04:23:56,000
and secure. 
Silence is maintained footsteps?

4540
04:23:56,000 --> 04:24:00,100
A muffled doors, closed, Softly.
The night is peaceful. 

4541
04:24:00,100 --> 04:24:01,500
Mornings. 
Come gently. 

4542
04:24:01,500 --> 04:24:03,400
No harsh. 
Alarms. 

4543
04:24:03,400 --> 04:24:07,300
Lighting creases naturally. 
Someone brings tea or coffee. 

4544
04:24:08,300 --> 04:24:11,300
Waking happens. 
Gradually, there is no rush to 

4545
04:24:11,300 --> 04:24:14,500
leave bed the new day unfolds in
its own time. 

4546
04:24:14,500 --> 04:24:18,100
Eyes open. 
Slowly A New Day Has Arrived 

4547
04:24:18,100 --> 04:24:21,000
seasonal celebrations punctuate 
the year. 

4548
04:24:21,900 --> 04:24:24,800
Muscle and knits are in late. 
Winter brings pancakes and 

4549
04:24:24,800 --> 04:24:39,600
festivities before Lent. 
Celebration arrives. 

4550
04:24:39,600 --> 04:24:41,500
The household participates 
together. 

4551
04:24:42,500 --> 04:24:46,400
Rest is not laziness but 
necessity, the Empire is 

4552
04:24:46,400 --> 04:24:51,000
demanding responsibilities are 
heavy regular periods of rest, 

4553
04:24:51,000 --> 04:24:54,800
preserve health and Clarity. 
The rhythm of work and rest is 

4554
04:24:54,800 --> 04:24:58,100
natural built into the calendar 
and respected across 

4555
04:24:58,100 --> 04:25:01,500
Generations. 
Without rest Works, suffers 

4556
04:25:01,500 --> 04:25:06,200
balance is essential, religious 
festivals, provide structure. 

4557
04:25:07,100 --> 04:25:10,800
Church calendar, divides the 
year in to Seasons fast periods,

4558
04:25:10,800 --> 04:25:13,800
alternate with Feast periods 
work intensifies. 

4559
04:25:13,800 --> 04:25:18,300
Then relaxes, the rhythm is 
external imposed by traditional 

4560
04:25:18,300 --> 04:25:20,700
and liberating in his 
predictability. 

4561
04:25:20,700 --> 04:25:24,500
No one must decide. 
When to rest the calendar 

4562
04:25:24,500 --> 04:25:29,600
decide, Holy Week is a specialty
structured Services, occur. 

4563
04:25:29,600 --> 04:25:33,800
Daily fasting is strict, the 
household moves together through

4564
04:25:33,800 --> 04:25:36,600
the week's progression. 
Good Friday is Solem. 

4565
04:25:36,600 --> 04:25:41,600
Easter morning is joyous, the 
emotional Arc is shared, Holy 

4566
04:25:41,600 --> 04:25:46,000
Week, passes Easter brings 
relief, pilgrimages offer, both 

4567
04:25:46,000 --> 04:25:49,700
journey and rest. 
Traveling to Sacred sites takes 

4568
04:25:49,700 --> 04:25:52,700
weeks. 
The journey itself is meditative

4569
04:25:52,700 --> 04:25:56,500
arrival, brings services and 
prayer returning. 

4570
04:25:56,500 --> 04:26:00,100
Home brings satisfaction, a 
pilgrimage is undertaken 

4571
04:26:00,100 --> 04:26:04,200
distance is covered. 
Faith is renewed Country, 

4572
04:26:04,200 --> 04:26:06,500
Estates offer escape from 
formality. 

4573
04:26:06,500 --> 04:26:10,900
Life is simpler away from the 
capital routines a looser. 

4574
04:26:10,900 --> 04:26:13,900
Clothing is less formal meals 
are less. 

4575
04:26:13,908 --> 04:26:17,900
Elaborate the change is 
refreshing a month that a 

4576
04:26:17,900 --> 04:26:21,400
country estate restores Spirits.
Winter sports provide 

4577
04:26:21,400 --> 04:26:25,700
Recreation. 
Skating on Frozen ponds sledding

4578
04:26:25,700 --> 04:26:30,500
downhills, the cold is 
invigorating exercise in fresh 

4579
04:26:30,500 --> 04:26:34,400
air promotes health and good 
mood winter need not be endured 

4580
04:26:34,400 --> 04:26:37,700
but can be enjoyed snowfalls 
children. 

4581
04:26:37,700 --> 04:26:42,300
Play seasonal Foods Mark times 
passage strawberries mean. 

4582
04:26:42,300 --> 04:26:44,900
Early summer. 
Mushrooms mean late summer, 

4583
04:26:44,900 --> 04:26:48,600
Apple's mean Autumn preserved 
Foods mean winter. 

4584
04:26:49,600 --> 04:26:52,500
Heating connect people to 
Seasons, and to the Earth's 

4585
04:26:52,500 --> 04:26:56,300
rhythms. 
Food is time made edible moon 

4586
04:26:56,300 --> 04:26:59,700
phases and notice. 
Full moons are brighter. 

4587
04:26:59,700 --> 04:27:04,800
New moons are darker. 
The rhythm is monthly subtle but

4588
04:27:04,800 --> 04:27:08,600
real some people are more 
sensitive to Luna Cycles than 

4589
04:27:08,600 --> 04:27:11,700
others. 
The moon waxes and wanes time, 

4590
04:27:11,700 --> 04:27:15,700
passes, equinoxes and solstices 
are acknowledged the longest 

4591
04:27:15,700 --> 04:27:16,900
day. 
The shortest day. 

4592
04:27:17,800 --> 04:27:22,400
The equal day and night. 
These astronomical events, Mark 

4593
04:27:22,400 --> 04:27:26,300
the years turning points. 
Summer solstice passes days. 

4594
04:27:26,300 --> 04:27:28,900
Begin shortening. 
Rest days are built into work 

4595
04:27:28,900 --> 04:27:31,700
schedules servants. 
Rotate days off. 

4596
04:27:31,700 --> 04:27:34,400
Even continuous duties allow for
breaks. 

4597
04:27:34,400 --> 04:27:37,500
Sustainable work requires 
planned, rest. 

4598
04:27:37,500 --> 04:27:41,700
Exhaustion serves no one. 
A servant takes a day off. 

4599
04:27:41,700 --> 04:27:47,100
Rest is earned and necessary, 
quiet hours are observed late. 

4600
04:27:47,100 --> 04:27:50,200
After noon, is often peaceful 
late evening as calm. 

4601
04:27:50,200 --> 04:27:54,900
The household respect, these 
natural LOLs noise is minimized,

4602
04:27:54,900 --> 04:28:01,300
urgent business can wait, quiet 
is valued the rhythm of rest and

4603
04:28:01,300 --> 04:28:03,600
activity is as important as 
either alone. 

4604
04:28:04,500 --> 04:28:09,000
Work without rest leads to burn 
out rest without work leads to 

4605
04:28:09,000 --> 04:28:12,200
stagnation. 
Balance is achieved through 

4606
04:28:12,200 --> 04:28:15,200
structure. 
The calendar provides that 

4607
04:28:15,200 --> 04:28:18,900
structure. 
Life flows smoothly, Palace 

4608
04:28:18,900 --> 04:28:23,600
kitchens of vast, multiple 
stoves, burn constantly copper 

4609
04:28:23,600 --> 04:28:24,800
pots. 
Hang from ceiling. 

4610
04:28:24,800 --> 04:28:26,700
Racks long. 
Wooden tables. 

4611
04:28:26,700 --> 04:28:29,400
Provide workspace with dozens of
cooks and assistance. 

4612
04:28:29,400 --> 04:28:32,500
The heat is intense. 
The smells are rich. 

4613
04:28:33,200 --> 04:28:38,400
Baking bread simmering broths. 
Roasting Meats, steam, Rises 

4614
04:28:38,400 --> 04:28:41,800
Flames flicker activity. 
Never stops. 

4615
04:28:42,700 --> 04:28:46,500
Head, Cooks plan menus days, and
advanced, they consider the 

4616
04:28:46,508 --> 04:28:49,000
season, the availability of 
ingredients. 

4617
04:28:49,000 --> 04:28:52,400
Religious requirements and 
family preferences. 

4618
04:28:53,100 --> 04:28:56,700
Meals must be nutritiously 
prepared and presented 

4619
04:28:56,700 --> 04:29:00,100
beautifully. 
Standards are high tradition 

4620
04:29:00,100 --> 04:29:03,900
guides choices. 
A menu is reviewed adjustments 

4621
04:29:03,900 --> 04:29:08,500
are made final approval is given
market supply fresh ingredients.

4622
04:29:08,500 --> 04:29:12,300
Vendors arrive at Palisades, 
with carts of vegetables, fish 

4623
04:29:12,300 --> 04:29:15,500
poultry and dairy purchases are 
inspected. 

4624
04:29:15,500 --> 04:29:18,200
Carefully quality must meet 
strict standards. 

4625
04:29:18,200 --> 04:29:21,100
Relationships with suppliers, 
along standing. 

4626
04:29:21,100 --> 04:29:24,500
Trust is earned over years. 
A fish is examined. 

4627
04:29:24,500 --> 04:29:28,800
Its eyes are clear, it is 
accepted preserving food. 

4628
04:29:28,800 --> 04:29:32,000
For winter is essential, 
vegetables, are pickled in 

4629
04:29:32,000 --> 04:29:34,500
brine? 
Fruits are made into jams and 

4630
04:29:34,500 --> 04:29:37,700
composts. 
Mushrooms are dried fishes, 

4631
04:29:37,700 --> 04:29:39,900
salted or smoked root 
vegetables. 

4632
04:29:39,900 --> 04:29:42,900
Are stored in cool sellers. 
He's preparations happen in 

4633
04:29:42,900 --> 04:29:46,200
late, summer and Early Autumn 
involving many hands working 

4634
04:29:46,200 --> 04:29:48,500
steadily for weeks. 
Jars. 

4635
04:29:48,500 --> 04:29:50,800
Filled shells. 
Winter Provisions. 

4636
04:29:50,800 --> 04:29:55,700
Accumulate red is baked. 
Daily The smell of fresh loaves 

4637
04:29:55,700 --> 04:29:58,600
fills corridors. 
Different types are made for 

4638
04:29:58,600 --> 04:30:01,400
different purposes, dark, rye 
for every day. 

4639
04:30:01,400 --> 04:30:04,900
Meals, white wheat for special 
occasions and sweet rolls for 

4640
04:30:04,900 --> 04:30:07,900
tea, Bakers start work before 
Dawn. 

4641
04:30:08,600 --> 04:30:12,400
First loaves emerge as the 
household wakes dough Rises 

4642
04:30:12,400 --> 04:30:17,300
ovens heat bread. 
Bakes soups are Staples cabbage 

4643
04:30:17,300 --> 04:30:21,200
soup, beet soup, fish soup. 
Each is prepared according to 

4644
04:30:21,200 --> 04:30:24,900
Regional tradition. 
Ingredients are simple, but 

4645
04:30:24,900 --> 04:30:28,500
combined skillfully. 
A good soup is nourishing and 

4646
04:30:28,500 --> 04:30:32,800
satisfying it appears at nearly 
every meal steaming and ceramic 

4647
04:30:32,800 --> 04:30:36,100
terrains. 
Broth simmers vegetables are 

4648
04:30:36,100 --> 04:30:39,100
added flavors meld porridge is a
breakfast. 

4649
04:30:39,100 --> 04:30:44,900
Mainstays, buckwheat oats cooked
slowly with milk or water, 

4650
04:30:44,900 --> 04:30:48,300
served with butter honey or 
preserve berries. 

4651
04:30:48,300 --> 04:30:52,500
Porridges filling easy to digest
and comforting children. 

4652
04:30:52,500 --> 04:30:55,800
Eat it without complaint had 
adults, appreciate its 

4653
04:30:55,800 --> 04:31:00,600
Simplicity grain swells. 
Porridge thickens breakfast is 

4654
04:31:00,600 --> 04:31:03,000
ready. 
Fasting is taken seriously 

4655
04:31:03,000 --> 04:31:05,800
during Lent and other prescribed
periods. 

4656
04:31:05,800 --> 04:31:10,500
Animal products are avoided 
menus shift to vegetables grains

4657
04:31:10,500 --> 04:31:15,700
legumes and fish? 
Creativity as required to 

4658
04:31:15,700 --> 04:31:17,700
provide variety within 
limitations. 

4659
04:31:18,500 --> 04:31:22,300
Cooks rise to the challenge. 
Fasting meals are surprisingly. 

4660
04:31:22,300 --> 04:31:27,700
Delicious meat is absent flavor 
remains feasting follows faster.

4661
04:31:28,800 --> 04:31:32,000
after long periods of 
restrictions celebratory, meals 

4662
04:31:32,000 --> 04:31:37,100
are abundant Roasted Meats Rich 
sources butter Laden pastries. 

4663
04:31:37,900 --> 04:31:40,300
The contrast makes the feast 
more appreciated. 

4664
04:31:40,300 --> 04:31:44,400
Gratitude, accompanies 
abundance, lent ends. 

4665
04:31:45,200 --> 04:31:48,300
Is to arrive tables, grown with 
food. 

4666
04:31:49,200 --> 04:31:53,300
T is Central to daily life? 
It is served multiple times 

4667
04:31:53,300 --> 04:31:57,400
throughout the day, strong black
tea, brewed in some of ours 

4668
04:31:57,400 --> 04:32:00,400
sugar cubes are held between the
teeth while sipping. 

4669
04:32:01,500 --> 04:32:05,700
Conversation happens over tea. 
Hospitality is expressed through

4670
04:32:05,700 --> 04:32:10,600
offering it Waterboys tea, 
Steeps glosses, a field. 

4671
04:32:11,400 --> 04:32:13,700
Formal dinners require elaborate
preparation. 

4672
04:32:14,500 --> 04:32:16,700
Multiple courses are served in 
sequence. 

4673
04:32:16,700 --> 04:32:21,100
Presentation is important. 
Dishes are garnished with care. 

4674
04:32:22,000 --> 04:32:26,000
Servers move silently replacing 
plates and refilling glasses. 

4675
04:32:26,900 --> 04:32:30,200
The meal can last hours pacing 
is deliberate. 

4676
04:32:31,000 --> 04:32:35,400
One course ends. 
Another begins family meals are 

4677
04:32:35,400 --> 04:32:38,700
simpler one, main dish bread, 
vegetables. 

4678
04:32:38,700 --> 04:32:42,000
Perhaps a desert, Everyone sits 
together. 

4679
04:32:42,008 --> 04:32:46,700
Conversation is relaxed, 
children are included these 

4680
04:32:46,700 --> 04:32:50,100
meals, reinforced family bonds, 
and provide regular touchstones.

4681
04:32:50,100 --> 04:32:55,300
In busy days, dishes are passed.
Food is shared family, connects 

4682
04:32:55,300 --> 04:32:57,100
snacks appear throughout the 
day. 

4683
04:32:57,900 --> 04:33:01,900
Snacks include small sandwiches,
fruits, nuts and cheese. 

4684
04:33:02,800 --> 04:33:05,800
People help themselves between 
meals, the kitchen keeps 

4685
04:33:05,800 --> 04:33:08,900
platters ready. 
Eating is not just scheduled but

4686
04:33:08,900 --> 04:33:12,099
spontaneous responding to hunger
and preference. 

4687
04:33:12,900 --> 04:33:15,400
Someone feels hungry food is 
available. 

4688
04:33:15,400 --> 04:33:19,099
The need is met Cooks. 
Take pride in their work 

4689
04:33:19,099 --> 04:33:22,400
recipes. 
A guarded techniques are refined

4690
04:33:22,400 --> 04:33:26,000
over years, a cook who mastered 
as a particular dish becomes 

4691
04:33:26,000 --> 04:33:28,300
known for it. 
Reputation matters. 

4692
04:33:28,300 --> 04:33:32,200
Good food brings honor to the 
kitchen and satisfaction to the 

4693
04:33:32,200 --> 04:33:36,599
household editions perfected. 
Cook is praised. 

4694
04:33:36,599 --> 04:33:40,800
Seasonal foods are celebrated 
first strawberries of Summer. 

4695
04:33:40,800 --> 04:33:46,500
First Apple's of autumn fresh 
Greens in Spring these Foods 

4696
04:33:46,500 --> 04:33:49,599
Mark times passage. 
There are anticipated and 

4697
04:33:49,599 --> 04:33:53,599
savored Seasonality makes eating
a connection to the natural 

4698
04:33:53,599 --> 04:33:56,099
world. 
Strawberries arrived. 

4699
04:33:56,099 --> 04:34:00,900
The first bite is Sweet. 
Summer has begun dining rooms 

4700
04:34:00,900 --> 04:34:04,400
vary in size and formality Grand
halls for State. 

4701
04:34:04,400 --> 04:34:07,900
Dinners, smaller parlors for 
family breakfast rooms with 

4702
04:34:07,900 --> 04:34:11,300
Morning Light, each space has 
appropriate furnishings and 

4703
04:34:11,300 --> 04:34:14,000
atmosphere meals adapt to 
setting. 

4704
04:34:14,700 --> 04:34:15,900
A formal dinner. 
Happens. 

4705
04:34:15,900 --> 04:34:18,599
Here, a casual lunch. 
Happens there. 

4706
04:34:19,300 --> 04:34:21,200
Tablecloths are changed, 
frequently. 

4707
04:34:21,200 --> 04:34:25,500
Linens are washed ironed and 
stored carefully. 

4708
04:34:26,700 --> 04:34:30,700
Silver is polished. 
China is inspected for chips. 

4709
04:34:31,599 --> 04:34:34,500
Maintaining dining standards 
requires constant effort. 

4710
04:34:34,500 --> 04:34:38,700
Nothing is neglected, a 
tablecloth is stained, it is 

4711
04:34:38,707 --> 04:34:41,599
replaced. 
Immediately, leftover food is 

4712
04:34:41,599 --> 04:34:46,700
not wasted servants received 
portions excesses distributed to

4713
04:34:46,700 --> 04:34:50,300
the poor bread. 
Scraps, go to animals Thrift is 

4714
04:34:50,300 --> 04:34:53,800
practiced, even in abundance. 
Waste, is considered 

4715
04:34:53,800 --> 04:34:59,700
irresponsible food remains. 
It is shared, not discarded. 

4716
04:35:00,400 --> 04:35:03,800
Special occasions. 
Bring special Foods wedding 

4717
04:35:03,800 --> 04:35:08,000
cakes Tower, impressively Easter
breads are enriched with eggs 

4718
04:35:08,000 --> 04:35:10,200
and butter. 
Christmas tables. 

4719
04:35:10,200 --> 04:35:12,599
Hold honey, pastries and spice 
drinks. 

4720
04:35:13,400 --> 04:35:18,099
Food marks celebration and makes
occasions memorable a wedding 

4721
04:35:18,099 --> 04:35:22,400
approaches Baker's, prepare. 
Children, learn table manners, 

4722
04:35:22,400 --> 04:35:26,400
early sitting properly using 
utensils correctly. 

4723
04:35:26,400 --> 04:35:31,000
Not speaking with full mouths. 
Patience, while waiting for 

4724
04:35:31,000 --> 04:35:33,200
food. 
These lessons happen. 

4725
04:35:33,200 --> 04:35:36,300
Daily meals are both nourishment
and training. 

4726
04:35:37,099 --> 04:35:40,200
A child fidgets. 
A gentle, correction follows. 

4727
04:35:40,900 --> 04:35:43,800
Shared meals. 
Create Community eating 

4728
04:35:43,800 --> 04:35:46,000
together, regularly builds 
relationships. 

4729
04:35:46,700 --> 04:35:50,300
Conversations over food, are 
relaxed honest, barriers lower 

4730
04:35:50,300 --> 04:35:53,599
people connect. 
The dining table is where family

4731
04:35:53,599 --> 04:35:58,000
and household become a unified 
group meals are shared Community

4732
04:35:58,000 --> 04:36:02,300
is built kitchen staff. 
Work in teams, each person has 

4733
04:36:02,300 --> 04:36:07,000
Specialties one makes pastries. 
Another handles fish, a third 

4734
04:36:07,000 --> 04:36:10,800
managers vegetables, 
coordination is essential the 

4735
04:36:10,800 --> 04:36:14,200
head, cook orchestrates, the 
kitchen functions, smoothly 

4736
04:36:14,200 --> 04:36:19,300
tasks are divided, Teamworks 
exceeds, recipes are passed 

4737
04:36:19,300 --> 04:36:21,099
down. 
A cook learns. 

4738
04:36:21,099 --> 04:36:23,900
From a mentor. 
Technique's are demonstrated, 

4739
04:36:23,900 --> 04:36:27,300
practice and mastered years of 
experience. 

4740
04:36:27,300 --> 04:36:31,900
Accumulate a young cook watches 
and experience to cook teachers,

4741
04:36:31,900 --> 04:36:36,400
knowledge transfers tasting 
happens throughout preparation. 

4742
04:36:36,400 --> 04:36:39,800
Seasoning is a Justice did 
flavors a balanced. 

4743
04:36:39,800 --> 04:36:43,700
Cooking is not mechanical but 
requires judgment and skill. 

4744
04:36:43,700 --> 04:36:49,099
Editions tasted more. 
Needed balances achieved. 

4745
04:36:49,099 --> 04:36:52,400
Presentation matters. 
Food is arranged. 

4746
04:36:52,400 --> 04:36:56,300
Attractively colors are 
considered garnishes are applied

4747
04:36:56,300 --> 04:37:00,300
thoughtfully Beauty, enhances 
appetite a dishes. 

4748
04:37:00,300 --> 04:37:04,300
Plated it looks appetizing, the 
presentation succeeds. 

4749
04:37:04,300 --> 04:37:08,900
Timing is crucial causes must be
ready when needed hot food, must

4750
04:37:08,900 --> 04:37:13,500
be hot, cold food, must be cold,
coordination prevents delays. 

4751
04:37:13,500 --> 04:37:15,700
The kitchen operates on strict 
schedules. 

4752
04:37:15,700 --> 04:37:19,099
Dinner is at 7 food. 
Must be ready at 7. 

4753
04:37:19,900 --> 04:37:23,300
Clean up begins immediately 
after service dishes are washed 

4754
04:37:23,300 --> 04:37:26,900
surfaces are scrubbed. 
The kitchen is restored to order

4755
04:37:26,900 --> 04:37:31,599
preparation for the next meal 
begins work is continuous one 

4756
04:37:31,599 --> 04:37:34,200
meal ends planning for the next 
begins. 

4757
04:37:34,200 --> 04:37:38,800
Gratitude for food is expressed 
before meals prayers. 

4758
04:37:38,800 --> 04:37:41,800
Thank God for provision after 
meals. 

4759
04:37:41,800 --> 04:37:45,900
Satisfaction is acknowledged 
food is never taken for granted 

4760
04:37:45,900 --> 04:37:49,500
appreciation. 
Is part of eating a prayer is 

4761
04:37:49,500 --> 04:37:53,400
said, gratitude is offered. 
Twilight softens. 

4762
04:37:53,400 --> 04:37:57,800
The palace lamps are lit in 
sequence room by room. 

4763
04:37:58,700 --> 04:38:02,000
Windows glow, golden against the
darkening, sky. 

4764
04:38:02,800 --> 04:38:06,700
The days formal Duties are 
complete evening unfolds with 

4765
04:38:06,707 --> 04:38:11,800
gentler expectations like 
changes, the atmosphere shifts 

4766
04:38:11,800 --> 04:38:16,200
music rooms feel quietly, 
Someone sits at the piano 

4767
04:38:16,200 --> 04:38:19,500
playing familiar pieces. 
Others, listen from sofas and 

4768
04:38:19,500 --> 04:38:23,000
chairs, the music is not 
performance but shared pleasure.

4769
04:38:23,800 --> 04:38:27,000
Melodies float easily. 
No one is required to attend 

4770
04:38:27,000 --> 04:38:28,099
yet. 
Many do. 

4771
04:38:28,800 --> 04:38:33,000
Notes, fill the room, listeners,
relax, libraries become 

4772
04:38:33,000 --> 04:38:36,900
Gathering spaces books are 
pulled from shelves and browsed.

4773
04:38:36,900 --> 04:38:40,400
Reading aloud is common one 
person reads While others 

4774
04:38:40,400 --> 04:38:46,099
embroidered or simply listen. 
Stories, poetry essays voices 

4775
04:38:46,099 --> 04:38:48,300
rise and fall in the lamp lit, 
quiet. 

4776
04:38:49,099 --> 04:38:53,500
A book is chosen, reading begins
card games appear on tables, 

4777
04:38:53,500 --> 04:38:59,000
simple games, not gambling. 
Partners are chose and rules are

4778
04:38:59,000 --> 04:39:02,400
known to everyone players. 
Relaxed laughter, punctuates 

4779
04:39:02,400 --> 04:39:06,400
conversation winning matters. 
Little the activity itself is 

4780
04:39:06,400 --> 04:39:08,599
the point. 
Guard Cards are shuffled. 

4781
04:39:08,599 --> 04:39:12,700
The game begins needlework 
occupies hands. 

4782
04:39:13,400 --> 04:39:18,000
Embroidery knitting and mending.
Women work on projects that take

4783
04:39:18,000 --> 04:39:23,200
weeks or months conversation, 
flows around the work finger 

4784
04:39:23,200 --> 04:39:27,599
stay busy while minds and voices
engage thread passes. 

4785
04:39:27,599 --> 04:39:31,300
Through fabric patterns emerge, 
letters are written in the 

4786
04:39:31,308 --> 04:39:34,200
evening correspondence. 
Delayed during the day is 

4787
04:39:34,200 --> 04:39:38,400
finally addressed income paper, 
always available people, write 

4788
04:39:38,400 --> 04:39:41,000
to relatives, friends and 
distant contacts. 

4789
04:39:41,600 --> 04:39:45,800
Letters maintain relationships, 
across time and space a letter 

4790
04:39:45,808 --> 04:39:50,200
is started news is shared small,
Gatherings form. 

4791
04:39:50,200 --> 04:39:54,100
Naturally, a few people in one 
room, discussing a recent book. 

4792
04:39:54,900 --> 04:39:57,400
Another group in a different 
room is playing a board game. 

4793
04:39:58,200 --> 04:40:00,600
children might Gather in the 
nursery with a Governor's 

4794
04:40:00,600 --> 04:40:04,200
telling stories, the palace 
accommodates multiple quiet 

4795
04:40:04,200 --> 04:40:08,500
activities, simultaneously 
groups, form activities, vary 

4796
04:40:08,500 --> 04:40:13,300
tears, served again, Not the 
formal afternoon service but to 

4797
04:40:13,300 --> 04:40:16,700
simpler version. 
A pot of tea, perhaps some 

4798
04:40:16,700 --> 04:40:18,600
leftover pastries or bread with 
Jam. 

4799
04:40:19,600 --> 04:40:23,700
People help themselves, the 
ritual provides a pause a reason

4800
04:40:23,700 --> 04:40:27,800
to stop and rest. 
T is poured warmth? 

4801
04:40:27,800 --> 04:40:31,600
Spreads conversations Meander? 
Topics are not serious. 

4802
04:40:31,600 --> 04:40:34,700
Someone mentions a funny 
incident from the day. 

4803
04:40:34,700 --> 04:40:38,200
Another shares news from a 
letter, they exchanged 

4804
04:40:38,200 --> 04:40:41,100
observations about the weather 
Gardens and upcoming events. 

4805
04:40:42,000 --> 04:40:46,400
Talk is easy and unhurried words
flow, naturally connection 

4806
04:40:46,400 --> 04:40:49,900
happens. 
The Imperial couple often spends

4807
04:40:49,900 --> 04:40:52,700
time alone together. 
Away from courtiers and 

4808
04:40:52,708 --> 04:40:55,600
servants. 
They sit in private rooms, they 

4809
04:40:55,600 --> 04:40:59,100
discuss household matters, 
children, and future players 

4810
04:40:59,100 --> 04:41:02,300
these quiet hours, strengthen 
their partnership. 

4811
04:41:03,300 --> 04:41:06,400
Privacy is precious conversation
is Frank? 

4812
04:41:07,300 --> 04:41:10,700
Older children study in the 
evening's reviewing lessons or 

4813
04:41:10,700 --> 04:41:13,900
reading ahead. 
Tutors are not present for 

4814
04:41:13,900 --> 04:41:17,500
expectations remain. 
Self-discipline is cultivated 

4815
04:41:17,500 --> 04:41:19,500
work. 
Is completed without 

4816
04:41:19,500 --> 04:41:22,600
supervision. 
This Independence prepares them 

4817
04:41:22,600 --> 04:41:26,700
for adult responsibilities. 
A child reads, learning 

4818
04:41:26,700 --> 04:41:31,400
continues younger children. 
Prepare for bed early bath time 

4819
04:41:31,400 --> 04:41:35,100
clean, Nike clothes, gentle 
routines, Nanny, single 

4820
04:41:35,100 --> 04:41:39,300
lullabies stories are told 
prayers are said together, the 

4821
04:41:39,300 --> 04:41:43,300
transition to sleep is gradual 
and soothing water splashes. 

4822
04:41:43,300 --> 04:41:47,300
A song is sung. 
Windows are open slightly before

4823
04:41:47,300 --> 04:41:49,900
bed. 
Even in cold weather, fresh air 

4824
04:41:49,900 --> 04:41:52,900
is believed to promote healthy. 
Sleep rooms are cool. 

4825
04:41:52,900 --> 04:41:57,000
Heavy quilts are pulled up. 
The contrast between cold air 

4826
04:41:57,000 --> 04:41:59,400
and a warm bed is Pleasant a 
window. 

4827
04:41:59,400 --> 04:42:02,600
Opens fresh air enters. 
Guards. 

4828
04:42:02,600 --> 04:42:06,900
Change shifts footsteps, echo in
corridors as one watch replaces 

4829
04:42:06,900 --> 04:42:10,000
another The palace is never 
unprotected. 

4830
04:42:10,000 --> 04:42:14,100
Never on watched this vigilance 
allows the household to rest 

4831
04:42:14,100 --> 04:42:17,900
securely. 
Steps approach Duty changes 

4832
04:42:17,900 --> 04:42:22,200
hands, some servants. 
Complete final tasks banking 

4833
04:42:22,200 --> 04:42:25,900
fires locking doors. 
Checking windows, The Palace is 

4834
04:42:25,900 --> 04:42:29,000
secured for the night routine. 
Ensures nothing is forgotten. 

4835
04:42:29,000 --> 04:42:34,300
Adore is locked, security is 
maintained in country estate 

4836
04:42:34,300 --> 04:42:39,700
evening sounds are different 
crickets distant bird calls wind

4837
04:42:39,700 --> 04:42:44,700
in trees, the quiet is deeper, 
darkness is more complete 

4838
04:42:44,700 --> 04:42:49,000
Lamplight seems warmer and more 
precious against the surrounding

4839
04:42:49,000 --> 04:42:52,200
Knight Nature sounds night 
settles. 

4840
04:42:52,200 --> 04:42:55,300
Seasonal differences shape 
evening's. 

4841
04:42:55,300 --> 04:42:57,700
Winter evening's are the 
longest. 

4842
04:42:58,500 --> 04:43:02,400
People stay in doors, clustered 
around Heat and Light summer, 

4843
04:43:02,400 --> 04:43:06,200
evening's a brief. 
Twilight stretches late, people 

4844
04:43:06,200 --> 04:43:10,400
linger Outdoors until Darkness, 
finally arrives, seasons change 

4845
04:43:10,400 --> 04:43:15,000
evening's adapt, religious 
households, say evening, pressed

4846
04:43:15,000 --> 04:43:18,000
together. 
Family gathers before an icon 

4847
04:43:18,000 --> 04:43:20,400
corner. 
Familiar words are spoken. 

4848
04:43:20,400 --> 04:43:23,200
The day is committed to Divine 
care. 

4849
04:43:23,200 --> 04:43:28,400
This practice brings peace and 
closure. prayers are said the 

4850
04:43:28,400 --> 04:43:32,500
day ends formally journals are 
kept by some A few minutes 

4851
04:43:32,500 --> 04:43:36,700
before bed writing about the 
day, not dramatic events but 

4852
04:43:36,700 --> 04:43:42,200
small details, whether visitors 
feelings these journals 

4853
04:43:42,200 --> 04:43:44,200
accumulate into personal 
histories. 

4854
04:43:44,200 --> 04:43:48,400
A pen moves. 
Thoughts are recorded, artwork 

4855
04:43:48,400 --> 04:43:49,600
is examined. 
In evening. 

4856
04:43:49,600 --> 04:43:52,400
Light painting, look different 
by Lamplight. 

4857
04:43:53,300 --> 04:43:57,400
Shadows shift colors of warm. 
The same painting reveals 

4858
04:43:57,400 --> 04:44:01,200
different qualities depending on
illumination artists observed. 

4859
04:44:01,200 --> 04:44:04,800
Beauty is appreciated 
conversations, become more 

4860
04:44:04,800 --> 04:44:07,800
philosophical. 
The days, busyness received 

4861
04:44:07,800 --> 04:44:12,400
Minds, relax, people discuss 
ideas beliefs and questions, 

4862
04:44:12,400 --> 04:44:16,100
evening provides space for 
reflection that the busy day 

4863
04:44:16,100 --> 04:44:19,500
does not. 
Thoughts, deepen ideas are 

4864
04:44:19,500 --> 04:44:22,500
shared. 
Musical performance is informal.

4865
04:44:22,500 --> 04:44:25,900
Someone plays others might join 
in singing. 

4866
04:44:26,700 --> 04:44:29,300
The music is for the 
participants, not an audience. 

4867
04:44:30,200 --> 04:44:32,400
Pleasure is in the making not 
the perfection. 

4868
04:44:33,200 --> 04:44:38,100
Voices, blend Harmony emerges 
storytelling, entertains 

4869
04:44:38,100 --> 04:44:42,500
children, and adults, alike, 
Tales From folklore, family, 

4870
04:44:42,500 --> 04:44:44,700
history, and personal 
experience. 

4871
04:44:45,400 --> 04:44:49,700
Stories are varied and adapted 
to the audience imagination is 

4872
04:44:49,700 --> 04:44:53,800
engaged. 
A Story begins, attention 

4873
04:44:53,800 --> 04:44:58,000
focuses silence is comfortable, 
not all time. 

4874
04:44:58,000 --> 04:45:01,100
Must be filled with activity or 
conversation, people sit 

4875
04:45:01,100 --> 04:45:02,700
together and quiet 
companionship. 

4876
04:45:02,700 --> 04:45:06,300
The shared space is enough. 
Silence. 

4877
04:45:06,300 --> 04:45:09,800
Settles peace. 
Prevails the last lamps are 

4878
04:45:09,800 --> 04:45:12,600
extinguished. 
Darkness, settles fully. 

4879
04:45:13,600 --> 04:45:16,300
Palace or estate become a 
collection of sleeping people in

4880
04:45:16,300 --> 04:45:20,000
quiet rooms. 
Outside stars, turn overhead 

4881
04:45:20,000 --> 04:45:26,700
inside, rest begins, light 
Fades, Knight arrives evening as

4882
04:45:26,700 --> 04:45:29,300
done its work. 
The household has transitioned 

4883
04:45:29,300 --> 04:45:32,400
from date and night. 
Tomorrow will bring the same 

4884
04:45:32,400 --> 04:45:36,500
patterns to night to bring 
deserved rest, the cycle 

4885
04:45:36,500 --> 04:45:38,700
continues. 
Sleep awaits. 

4886
04:45:39,200 --> 04:45:42,700
Bedrooms are prepared before 
occupants arrive, sheets, are 

4887
04:45:42,700 --> 04:45:45,500
turned down. 
Pillows are fluffed chamber. 

4888
04:45:45,500 --> 04:45:49,200
Pots are placed, discreetly 
water, pictures, and basins are 

4889
04:45:49,200 --> 04:45:52,300
filled everything needed for. 
The night, is made ready. 

4890
04:45:52,300 --> 04:45:57,900
A servant moves quietly 
preparations are complete night.

4891
04:45:57,900 --> 04:46:01,600
Clothes are laid out long night,
shirts, robes, and soft 

4892
04:46:01,600 --> 04:46:04,700
slippers. 
Fabrics are chosen for Comfort, 

4893
04:46:04,700 --> 04:46:07,500
not appearance, warmth and ease 
matter. 

4894
04:46:07,500 --> 04:46:11,800
Most Dressing for bed is simple 
and quick, they clothes are 

4895
04:46:11,808 --> 04:46:15,100
removed. 
Nike clothes are done and hair 

4896
04:46:15,100 --> 04:46:20,200
is unpinned and brushed. women's
hair, often, elaborately style 

4897
04:46:20,200 --> 04:46:24,500
during the day is loosened and 
braided The brushing is soothing

4898
04:46:24,500 --> 04:46:27,200
and repetitive it marks the 
Days. 

4899
04:46:27,200 --> 04:46:30,700
End Men, wash faces and hands in
Cool Water. 

4900
04:46:30,700 --> 04:46:33,400
The simple blue jeans are 
refreshing. 

4901
04:46:34,200 --> 04:46:38,600
Water splashes. 
Faces are dried small icons, 

4902
04:46:38,600 --> 04:46:41,700
hang in bedroom Corners. 
A candle is lip, briefly for 

4903
04:46:41,700 --> 04:46:43,500
evening prayers. 
Flame. 

4904
04:46:43,500 --> 04:46:47,600
Flickers on painted surfaces. 
Prayers are whispered personal 

4905
04:46:47,600 --> 04:46:52,500
conversations with the divine. 
Candle is extinguished, Darkness

4906
04:46:52,500 --> 04:46:56,200
Returns a flame glows then 
fades. 

4907
04:46:56,900 --> 04:47:00,100
Children sleep in nurseries 
adjacent to their parents rooms 

4908
04:47:00,100 --> 04:47:03,200
Nanny. 
Sleep nearby ready to respond 

4909
04:47:03,200 --> 04:47:06,900
for child wakes. 
Night Lights burn dimly. 

4910
04:47:07,500 --> 04:47:10,900
The soft glow is reassuring. 
Children can see. 

4911
04:47:10,900 --> 04:47:13,500
They are not alone. 
Shadows are gentle. 

4912
04:47:13,500 --> 04:47:16,900
Safety is visible. 
Infants are checked regularly 

4913
04:47:16,900 --> 04:47:20,700
through the night, wet nurses or
Nannies lifting babies. 

4914
04:47:20,700 --> 04:47:23,800
Change them if needed and soothe
them back to sleep. 

4915
04:47:23,800 --> 04:47:27,300
The care is gentle and practiced
babies. 

4916
04:47:27,300 --> 04:47:32,200
Barely wait a baby stirs 
comforters offered illness 

4917
04:47:32,200 --> 04:47:37,000
brings extra attention. if 
someone is unwell a servant or 

4918
04:47:37,008 --> 04:47:40,500
family member sits nearby 
through the night, Cool. 

4919
04:47:40,500 --> 04:47:43,600
Cloths are applied to fevers 
water is offered. 

4920
04:47:43,600 --> 04:47:48,400
The presence of another person 
is comforting, no one suffers 

4921
04:47:48,400 --> 04:47:51,600
alone. 
Fever Burns care, continues 

4922
04:47:51,600 --> 04:47:54,600
Palace, guards Patrol regularly 
their Roots. 

4923
04:47:54,608 --> 04:47:58,300
Cover every Corridor. 
Every entrance footsteps are 

4924
04:47:58,300 --> 04:48:02,200
quiet, but distinct, the sound 
of boots on Stone is rhythmic 

4925
04:48:02,200 --> 04:48:05,400
and dependable anyone. 
Awake can hear the patrols and 

4926
04:48:05,408 --> 04:48:09,300
feel secure steps Echo, safety 
is maintained. 

4927
04:48:09,300 --> 04:48:13,700
Knight servants remain on duty. 
If someone needs something, help

4928
04:48:13,700 --> 04:48:18,000
is available a glass of water 
and extra blanket assistance to 

4929
04:48:18,000 --> 04:48:20,900
a washroom needs a meaty 
quickly, and discreetly. 

4930
04:48:21,800 --> 04:48:24,300
Service continues even during 
sleeping hours. 

4931
04:48:25,200 --> 04:48:27,600
A bell Ring's. 
The needs answered. 

4932
04:48:28,400 --> 04:48:30,100
Windows are curtained against 
drafts. 

4933
04:48:31,200 --> 04:48:35,500
He fabric blocks cold air in 
Winter Frost patterns form on 

4934
04:48:35,500 --> 04:48:38,300
glass inside warmth is 
preserved. 

4935
04:48:38,300 --> 04:48:42,400
The room becomes a protected. 
Space separate from the harsh 

4936
04:48:42,400 --> 04:48:46,900
World outside. 
Cold is excluded, warmth is kept

4937
04:48:46,900 --> 04:48:51,600
bends a piled with covers 
feather, quilts wool blankets 

4938
04:48:51,600 --> 04:48:57,100
and fur throws layers trap heat 
Sleeping under a weighted 

4939
04:48:57,100 --> 04:49:00,500
blanket is comforting bodies. 
Relax into softness. 

4940
04:49:01,400 --> 04:49:04,700
The physical sensation of being 
held encourages, deep rest. 

4941
04:49:05,500 --> 04:49:08,800
Wait, settles Comfort, surrounds
Dreams. 

4942
04:49:08,800 --> 04:49:10,800
Come and Go. 
Some, remember them. 

4943
04:49:10,800 --> 04:49:12,000
Others. 
Do not. 

4944
04:49:13,100 --> 04:49:16,400
Dreams are sometimes discussed 
in the morning, especially if 

4945
04:49:16,400 --> 04:49:19,400
they see meaningful but mostly 
they fade. 

4946
04:49:20,100 --> 04:49:21,900
Forgotten in the return to 
Waking Life. 

4947
04:49:22,600 --> 04:49:27,700
A dream unfolds morning, erases 
it The deepest part of night is 

4948
04:49:27,700 --> 04:49:32,100
the quietest everyone sleeps. 
Even servants rest. 

4949
04:49:33,200 --> 04:49:35,100
Palace is a still as it ever 
becomes. 

4950
04:49:35,100 --> 04:49:39,400
Only the watch moves, only the 
tick of clocks marks time. 

4951
04:49:39,400 --> 04:49:45,000
Silent is complete, rest is deep
early risers stir Before Dawn. 

4952
04:49:46,200 --> 04:49:48,100
A few people wake naturally in 
darkness. 

4953
04:49:48,100 --> 04:49:53,000
They like candles dress quietly 
and begin their day While others

4954
04:49:53,000 --> 04:49:55,700
sleep. 
Kitchen start to warm. 

4955
04:49:56,400 --> 04:50:00,100
Fires a rebuilt. 
The household awakens gradually 

4956
04:50:00,100 --> 04:50:05,500
Dawn approaches activity. 
Resumes Morning, Light arrives, 

4957
04:50:05,500 --> 04:50:09,600
slowly in Winter suddenly in 
summer curtains are opened by 

4958
04:50:09,600 --> 04:50:13,400
servants. 
Fresh air is let in the new day 

4959
04:50:13,400 --> 04:50:16,600
is welcomed. 
Knight's hold releases light 

4960
04:50:16,600 --> 04:50:20,400
returns. 
They begins chamber, pots are 

4961
04:50:20,400 --> 04:50:23,100
emptied. 
Discreetly wash, basins are 

4962
04:50:23,100 --> 04:50:26,800
refilled, beds are straightened.
The room is restored to daytime.

4963
04:50:26,800 --> 04:50:29,400
Order evidence of sleep is 
removed. 

4964
04:50:29,400 --> 04:50:33,000
The bedroom becomes neutral 
space again ready for the next 

4965
04:50:33,000 --> 04:50:36,400
night. 
Night, traces, vanish day 

4966
04:50:36,400 --> 04:50:38,500
arrives. 
Sleep is respected. 

4967
04:50:38,500 --> 04:50:40,900
Those who need more rest. 
Are allowed it. 

4968
04:50:41,700 --> 04:50:43,500
Children, especially are not 
rushed. 

4969
04:50:43,500 --> 04:50:47,500
Waking happens naturally. 
The bodies needs are honored. 

4970
04:50:47,500 --> 04:50:50,900
Sleep continues. 
No one disturbs. 

4971
04:50:50,900 --> 04:50:53,500
Good sleep is seen as a central 
to health. 

4972
04:50:54,200 --> 04:50:58,100
Doctors recommend regular hours,
comfortable bedding, cool air, 

4973
04:50:58,100 --> 04:51:01,400
and quiet surrounding these 
recommendations are followed. 

4974
04:51:01,400 --> 04:51:04,700
The household is structured to 
support healthy sleep for 

4975
04:51:04,700 --> 04:51:08,300
everyone. 
Health requires rest is provided

4976
04:51:09,300 --> 04:51:11,800
Nightmares when they occur or 
soothed away. 

4977
04:51:13,400 --> 04:51:15,900
A parent or Nanny sits with the 
frightened child. 

4978
04:51:15,900 --> 04:51:19,000
Speaking softly. 
Offering reassurance, the 

4979
04:51:19,000 --> 04:51:22,500
nightmare is acknowledged, but 
not dwelled, upon, calm is 

4980
04:51:22,500 --> 04:51:27,000
restored, sleep returns, fear, 
Fades, peace returns. 

4981
04:51:28,100 --> 04:51:31,500
The cycle of day and night is 
regular the household moves 

4982
04:51:31,500 --> 04:51:34,500
through it together, waking and 
sleeping in Rhythm. 

4983
04:51:34,500 --> 04:51:38,700
This regularity creates 
stability time is predictable. 

4984
04:51:38,700 --> 04:51:44,000
Rest is reliable Cycles, repeat 
order, prevails seasonal, 

4985
04:51:44,000 --> 04:51:47,000
variations affect sleep, summer 
nights are short. 

4986
04:51:47,000 --> 04:51:52,200
Winter nights along the body. 
Adapts mostly in Winter Less in 

4987
04:51:52,200 --> 04:51:56,000
summer nature. 
Dictates humans comply. 

4988
04:51:56,900 --> 04:51:59,000
Comfortable sleeping 
arrangements, are maintained 

4989
04:51:59,000 --> 04:52:03,500
mattresses are checked and 
replaced as needed Linens or 

4990
04:52:03,500 --> 04:52:05,900
washed frequently. 
Pillows, are kept fresh. 

4991
04:52:06,700 --> 04:52:10,500
Investment in Sleep Quality pays
dividends in health and mood. 

4992
04:52:11,200 --> 04:52:14,600
Comfort is maintained Sleep 
Quality protected. 

4993
04:52:15,400 --> 04:52:19,000
Bed time, rituals vary by 
individual some red before 

4994
04:52:19,000 --> 04:52:20,800
sleeping others. 
Pray longer. 

4995
04:52:21,600 --> 04:52:25,400
Some prefer total darkness. 
Others need a night light. 

4996
04:52:26,100 --> 04:52:30,200
Individual preferences or 
accommodated personal needs are 

4997
04:52:30,200 --> 04:52:33,400
met children's. 
Sleep is monitored growth 

4998
04:52:33,400 --> 04:52:36,700
requires abundant rest, nannies,
and sure. 

4999
04:52:36,700 --> 04:52:40,000
Children, sleep enough bedtimes 
are enforced, gently, but 

5000
04:52:40,000 --> 04:52:43,300
firmly, adequate. 
Sleep is non-negotiable for the 

5001
04:52:43,300 --> 04:52:46,900
young rest is essential growth 
demands. 

5002
04:52:46,900 --> 04:52:50,800
It adults also need rest, the 
demands of Court life are 

5003
04:52:50,800 --> 04:52:54,400
exhausting sleep restores 
without it judgment suffers 

5004
04:52:54,400 --> 04:52:59,000
performance declines. 
Sleep is not a luxury, but a 

5005
04:52:59,000 --> 04:53:02,000
necessity. 
Rest is required function. 

5006
04:53:02,000 --> 04:53:06,300
Depends on it, shared bedrooms, 
create companionship spouses 

5007
04:53:06,300 --> 04:53:09,100
sleep together. 
Siblings, sometimes share rooms.

5008
04:53:09,100 --> 04:53:13,100
The presence of another is 
comforting loneliness is avoided

5009
04:53:13,100 --> 04:53:17,600
connection, persists. 
Even in sleep together in rest. 

5010
04:53:18,500 --> 04:53:21,400
The household sleeps together. 
Each in their appointed place 

5011
04:53:21,400 --> 04:53:24,000
from the emperor in his Chambers
to the kitchen. 

5012
04:53:24,000 --> 04:53:28,400
Made in her quarters all rest. 
The palace breeds slowly. 

5013
04:53:28,400 --> 04:53:33,100
Light holds all morning will 
come, but now sleep. 

5014
04:53:34,200 --> 04:53:37,900
Centuries pass in this rhythm. 
the romanovs rule not through 

5015
04:53:37,900 --> 04:53:42,700
constant Innovation but through 
patient repetition, each Emperor

5016
04:53:42,700 --> 04:53:47,000
inherits systems established by 
predecessors each adds small 

5017
04:53:47,008 --> 04:53:51,200
changes but maintains the core 
Stability is the dynasty 

5018
04:53:51,200 --> 04:53:56,900
strength time flows, order 
persists buildings age slowly 

5019
04:53:56,900 --> 04:53:59,700
palaces built in the 17th 
century. 

5020
04:53:59,700 --> 04:54:01,500
Still stand. 
In the 19th. 

5021
04:54:01,500 --> 04:54:06,700
New wings are added old sections
are prepared but the essential 

5022
04:54:06,700 --> 04:54:10,900
structures persist Continuity is
visible in architecture. 

5023
04:54:11,700 --> 04:54:16,800
Stoning dues palaces stand 
family serve across Generations.

5024
04:54:17,800 --> 04:54:20,200
As stewards great grandson 
becomes a steward. 

5025
04:54:20,200 --> 04:54:25,200
A Cook's descendant, works the 
same kitchens institutional 

5026
04:54:25,200 --> 04:54:29,000
knowledge is preserved. 
Methods are refined but not 

5027
04:54:29,000 --> 04:54:32,300
replaced. 
Experience, accumulates 

5028
04:54:32,300 --> 04:54:37,700
Generations, serve knowledge 
transfers ceremonies repeat 

5029
04:54:37,700 --> 04:54:40,400
annually. 
The same prayers in the same 

5030
04:54:40,400 --> 04:54:43,300
chapels. 
The same procession through the 

5031
04:54:43,300 --> 04:54:47,400
same Halls. 
Easter Christmas named days and 

5032
04:54:47,400 --> 04:54:52,300
coronations each follows 
established form, participant's 

5033
04:54:52,300 --> 04:54:54,700
change. 
But rituals, remain constant. 

5034
04:54:55,400 --> 04:55:00,300
Prayers Echo, traditional lives.
Records are kept meticulously 

5035
04:55:00,300 --> 04:55:04,200
births. 
Marriages deaths appointments 

5036
04:55:04,200 --> 04:55:08,400
and dismissals financial 
transactions legal decisions. 

5037
04:55:08,400 --> 04:55:12,900
Everything is documented. 
The archive grows history is 

5038
04:55:12,900 --> 04:55:13,900
preserved. 
In income. 

5039
04:55:13,900 --> 04:55:18,800
Paper pen, scratch records, 
accumulate, libraries expand. 

5040
04:55:18,800 --> 04:55:23,700
New books are added to Old 
collections catalog Holdings. 

5041
04:55:23,700 --> 04:55:27,500
Researchers request access 
knowledge is protected and 

5042
04:55:27,508 --> 04:55:31,700
shared the past and formed the 
present through preserve texts. 

5043
04:55:31,700 --> 04:55:35,100
Books multiply wisdom gathers 
artwork. 

5044
04:55:35,100 --> 04:55:37,700
Accumulates portraits of each 
Emperor. 

5045
04:55:37,700 --> 04:55:40,700
Each Emperor and significant 
family members. 

5046
04:55:41,600 --> 04:55:44,600
The gallery grows faces from 
different centuries. 

5047
04:55:44,600 --> 04:55:49,500
Hanging side by side Artistic 
Styles change but the subjects 

5048
04:55:49,500 --> 04:55:53,900
remain romanoffs canvases. 
Phil walls ancestors. 

5049
04:55:53,900 --> 04:55:58,600
What Gardens mature trees 
planted by one generation 

5050
04:55:58,600 --> 04:56:01,200
provide shade for the next 
Hedges. 

5051
04:56:01,200 --> 04:56:05,200
Thickened over decades flower 
beds replanted each spring in 

5052
04:56:05,200 --> 04:56:09,900
the same patterns nature grows 
within human design, trees, grow

5053
04:56:09,900 --> 04:56:14,300
tall Garden's, flourish, 
clothing styles, evolved slowly 

5054
04:56:14,300 --> 04:56:17,200
military. 
Uniforms retained traditional 

5055
04:56:17,200 --> 04:56:21,800
elements even as details, 
modernized Court dress adheres 

5056
04:56:21,800 --> 04:56:26,000
to conservative standards 
fashion changes elsewhere that 

5057
04:56:26,000 --> 04:56:29,300
the Romanov household values 
consistency over novelty. 

5058
04:56:30,100 --> 04:56:34,800
Styles shifts, slightly 
tradition, dominates education, 

5059
04:56:34,800 --> 04:56:38,500
follows established curricula 
children in the 19th century. 

5060
04:56:38,500 --> 04:56:42,000
Learn much of what their 
ancestors learned languages, 

5061
04:56:42,000 --> 04:56:45,400
History, Military protocol, and 
religious instruction. 

5062
04:56:46,100 --> 04:56:49,800
Proven methods are trusted. 
Experimentation is minimal 

5063
04:56:49,800 --> 04:56:53,100
lessons. 
Repeat learning continues, 

5064
04:56:53,100 --> 04:56:57,100
marriages, continue to link the 
romanovs to other royal families

5065
04:56:57,100 --> 04:57:01,400
alliances are renewed, across 
Generations, cousins, marry 

5066
04:57:01,400 --> 04:57:03,900
cousins. 
The network of relationships 

5067
04:57:03,900 --> 04:57:08,300
becomes increasingly complex, 
but also increasingly strong. 

5068
04:57:09,100 --> 04:57:14,100
Families, unite bonds multiply. 
succession follows rules set, 

5069
04:57:14,100 --> 04:57:18,800
down long ago, the eldest son 
inherits if no sun exists, 

5070
04:57:18,800 --> 04:57:21,900
succession passes, to brothers, 
or nephews, according to a 

5071
04:57:21,900 --> 04:57:25,700
predetermined order, Clarity 
prevents conflict. 

5072
04:57:25,700 --> 04:57:30,500
Tradition provides answers. 
Before questions arise rules are

5073
04:57:30,508 --> 04:57:34,700
clear succession is orderly 
religious, observers remain 

5074
04:57:34,700 --> 04:57:37,900
Central The Orthodox Churches 
calendar. 

5075
04:57:37,900 --> 04:57:42,000
Structures time. 
Faith provides meaning ritual 

5076
04:57:42,000 --> 04:57:43,500
connect. 
The living to the Dead. 

5077
04:57:43,500 --> 04:57:46,600
The present to. 
Eternity belief is not 

5078
04:57:46,608 --> 04:57:49,400
questioned. 
It is foundational Faith. 

5079
04:57:49,400 --> 04:57:53,200
Endures prayer. 
Continues, economic management 

5080
04:57:53,200 --> 04:57:56,500
continues along familiar lines. 
Taxes are collected. 

5081
04:57:56,500 --> 04:58:01,500
Expenses tracked budgets are 
balanced mostly Financial crises

5082
04:58:01,500 --> 04:58:05,700
or weathered Prosperity Returns 
the Longview prevails over 

5083
04:58:05,700 --> 04:58:11,000
short-term fluctuations money, 
flows account, balance military 

5084
04:58:11,000 --> 04:58:14,900
strength is maintained through 
consistent investment training, 

5085
04:58:14,900 --> 04:58:20,000
equipment and organization. 
The Army changes slowly adopting

5086
04:58:20,000 --> 04:58:24,200
new technologies cautiously 
Tradition and modernity, 

5087
04:58:24,200 --> 04:58:28,500
co-exist, Effectiveness is 
preserved soldiers. 

5088
04:58:28,500 --> 04:58:33,500
Drill Readiness is maintained 
diplomacy follows established 

5089
04:58:33,500 --> 04:58:37,300
protocols letters are exchanged 
ambassadors. 

5090
04:58:37,300 --> 04:58:41,200
Are received treaties and 
negotiated International 

5091
04:58:41,200 --> 04:58:43,900
relationships are maintained 
through patience and courtesy. 

5092
04:58:44,600 --> 04:58:47,500
Trust bills over years. 
Sometimes over centuries 

5093
04:58:47,500 --> 04:58:53,100
nation's correspondent Peace's, 
pursued, the Empire grows, but 

5094
04:58:53,100 --> 04:58:56,900
growth itself becomes 
traditional New territories are 

5095
04:58:56,900 --> 04:59:00,500
added and integrated using 
familiar methods governance 

5096
04:59:00,500 --> 04:59:04,100
extends outward carrying systems
tested at the center. 

5097
04:59:05,200 --> 04:59:07,800
Expansion is methodical not 
chaotic. 

5098
04:59:08,600 --> 04:59:13,400
Borders extend system. 
Spread adaptations happen but 

5099
04:59:13,400 --> 04:59:17,600
slowly railroads are built. 
Telegraph lines are strung. 

5100
04:59:17,600 --> 04:59:22,100
Gaslight replaces candles 
Plumbing, improves each 

5101
04:59:22,100 --> 04:59:26,200
Innovation is adopted carefully.
New things are made to fit old 

5102
04:59:26,200 --> 04:59:30,000
patterns, technology, arrives 
traditional adapts. 

5103
04:59:30,000 --> 04:59:34,400
Time moves differently in an 
empire built on routine days, 

5104
04:59:34,400 --> 04:59:39,200
blur into weeks weeks into 
seasons and Seasons into years, 

5105
04:59:39,200 --> 04:59:43,300
individuals, aged and pass the 
dynasty. 

5106
04:59:43,300 --> 04:59:49,800
Continues faces change roles. 
Persist People come and go, the 

5107
04:59:49,800 --> 04:59:53,400
Empire remains in palaces and a 
States across the vast. 

5108
04:59:53,400 --> 04:59:55,900
Empire lamps are lit at the same
hours. 

5109
04:59:55,900 --> 04:59:59,900
Meals are served on familiar. 
Schedule's prayers are said in 

5110
04:59:59,900 --> 05:00:03,600
Wellborn phrases children are 
born raised and married 

5111
05:00:03,600 --> 05:00:07,400
according to custom life repeats
and comforting patterns 

5112
05:00:07,400 --> 05:00:12,900
routines, repeat Comfort, 
prevails The story of the 

5113
05:00:12,900 --> 05:00:16,300
romanoffs is, not one of 
constant drama, but of enduring,

5114
05:00:16,300 --> 05:00:21,200
sameness the work of Empire is 
daily detail and repetitive, 

5115
05:00:21,200 --> 05:00:24,400
maintaining order requires 
attention, not heroism, 

5116
05:00:24,400 --> 05:00:27,700
tradition provides the framework
patients. 

5117
05:00:27,700 --> 05:00:31,300
Fills the hours. 
Order is maintained patients, 

5118
05:00:31,300 --> 05:00:36,100
rewards Generations, overlap 
grandparents, advise parents 

5119
05:00:36,100 --> 05:00:40,200
manage children, learn each 
generation teaches. 

5120
05:00:40,200 --> 05:00:45,500
The next knowledge passes down 
continuity is personal not 

5121
05:00:45,500 --> 05:00:51,100
abstract, Faces aged wisdom 
transfers anniversaries Mark 

5122
05:00:51,100 --> 05:00:54,600
time, 10 years since a marriage 
20 years. 

5123
05:00:54,600 --> 05:00:57,100
Since a coronation 50 years of 
service. 

5124
05:00:57,100 --> 05:01:01,300
These Milestones are noted and 
celebrated quietly times, 

5125
05:01:01,300 --> 05:01:06,600
passage is acknowledged years, 
accumulate milestone's, pass the

5126
05:01:06,600 --> 05:01:09,600
rhythm of Imperial life is like 
a great wheel turning. 

5127
05:01:09,600 --> 05:01:13,600
Each rotation brings the same 
positions around again, spring, 

5128
05:01:13,600 --> 05:01:19,000
summer, autumn and winter birth,
youth maturity age. 

5129
05:01:19,800 --> 05:01:24,500
The wheel turns deadly positions
recur, the cycle continues. 

5130
05:01:25,400 --> 05:01:29,700
Individual lives are short 
compared to the dynasty span an 

5131
05:01:29,700 --> 05:01:33,200
emperor rules for decades. 
But dies, his son takes his 

5132
05:01:33,200 --> 05:01:35,900
place. 
The transition is smooth because

5133
05:01:35,900 --> 05:01:39,500
systems are in place. 
Personal mortality does not 

5134
05:01:39,500 --> 05:01:43,600
threaten institutional 
continuity leaves end. 

5135
05:01:44,300 --> 05:01:45,900
The dynasty. 
Persists. 

5136
05:01:45,900 --> 05:01:50,000
Archives preserve not just facts
but patterns. 

5137
05:01:50,000 --> 05:01:53,600
This is how things were done. 
This is how things are done. 

5138
05:01:54,200 --> 05:01:57,800
Future archivists will record. 
This is how things were done. 

5139
05:01:58,500 --> 05:02:03,400
The record extends backward and 
forward patterns persist history

5140
05:02:03,400 --> 05:02:06,100
guides. 
The Empire's vastness means 

5141
05:02:06,100 --> 05:02:10,400
change happens unevenly a 
reformer adopted in the capital 

5142
05:02:10,400 --> 05:02:14,300
takes years to reach distant 
province's by the time. 

5143
05:02:14,300 --> 05:02:19,300
It arrives it may be outdated 
yet this slowness prevents Hasty

5144
05:02:19,300 --> 05:02:24,800
mistake's caution has value 
distant protects communication 

5145
05:02:24,800 --> 05:02:28,600
delays create patients. 
Questions asked today receive 

5146
05:02:28,600 --> 05:02:31,600
answers next month. 
Decisions are made with 

5147
05:02:31,600 --> 05:02:34,100
incomplete information. 
Yet. 

5148
05:02:34,100 --> 05:02:37,500
The system functions. 
Perfect information is 

5149
05:02:37,500 --> 05:02:39,200
impossible. 
Good enough. 

5150
05:02:39,200 --> 05:02:43,600
Suffices patience is required. 
Patience, is practiced. 

5151
05:02:44,200 --> 05:02:48,500
The Dynasty's power rests, not 
on Force, but on acceptance 

5152
05:02:48,500 --> 05:02:51,500
people, accept the emperor 
because his ancestors were 

5153
05:02:51,500 --> 05:02:54,300
Emperors. 
Legitimacy is inherited. 

5154
05:02:54,300 --> 05:02:58,000
This makes the rule easier 
Rebellion, is Unthinkable. 

5155
05:02:58,000 --> 05:03:01,400
When Authority is ancient 
traditional legitimizes, 

5156
05:03:01,400 --> 05:03:04,900
acceptance follows, symbols 
matter. 

5157
05:03:04,900 --> 05:03:09,600
The crown, the scepter, the orb,
these objects carry weight 

5158
05:03:09,600 --> 05:03:12,800
beyond their physical presence. 
They represent continuity. 

5159
05:03:13,700 --> 05:03:17,100
Each Emperor holds what his 
father held the objects. 

5160
05:03:17,100 --> 05:03:21,400
Connect Generations, symbols 
endure, meaning persists, 

5161
05:03:21,400 --> 05:03:25,200
language, preserves tradition 
Court titles have been 

5162
05:03:25,208 --> 05:03:28,900
unchanged, for centuries, forms 
of address specified. 

5163
05:03:28,900 --> 05:03:32,600
Exactly religious liturgy in old
church. 

5164
05:03:32,600 --> 05:03:37,500
Slavonic, language, ties present
to passed modern speech 

5165
05:03:37,500 --> 05:03:42,000
incorporate ancient forms, 
words, carry history, physical 

5166
05:03:42,000 --> 05:03:46,400
spaces, shape Behavior. 
Throne Room demands formality. 

5167
05:03:46,400 --> 05:03:50,700
The chapel demands reverence 
private Apartments allow 

5168
05:03:50,700 --> 05:03:54,800
relaxation architecture. 
Enforces appropriate conduct. 

5169
05:03:55,600 --> 05:04:00,300
Spaces shape, actions Behavior, 
follows setting seasonal, 

5170
05:04:00,300 --> 05:04:04,200
rhythms ground Imperial life in 
nature, no matter how powerful 

5171
05:04:04,200 --> 05:04:06,900
the emperor winter still comes 
Springs. 

5172
05:04:06,900 --> 05:04:10,300
Still arrives, human power bows 
to natural cycles. 

5173
05:04:10,300 --> 05:04:16,100
This humility is healthy nature 
rules, humans adapt the Empire 

5174
05:04:16,100 --> 05:04:19,800
contains multitudes, different 
peoples, different faiths, 

5175
05:04:19,800 --> 05:04:23,100
different languages. 
Unity is imposed, but also 

5176
05:04:23,100 --> 05:04:27,200
emerges from shared experience 
of Imperial rule. diversity 

5177
05:04:27,200 --> 05:04:32,400
exists within Unity many become 
one, the Empire holds trade 

5178
05:04:32,400 --> 05:04:37,200
connects regions Goods flow from
Siberia to the Capitol and from 

5179
05:04:37,200 --> 05:04:41,300
the capitol to the South 
Economic integration creates 

5180
05:04:41,300 --> 05:04:44,200
interdependence regions, need 
each other. 

5181
05:04:44,200 --> 05:04:48,900
The Empire is not just political
but economic trade, binds 

5182
05:04:48,900 --> 05:04:53,300
connection, strengthens cultural
Exchange in riches. 

5183
05:04:53,300 --> 05:04:58,400
All Eastern influences, reach 
Westwood, Western ideas, travel 

5184
05:04:58,400 --> 05:05:03,100
Eastward, the Empire is a 
Crossroads cultures meet mix and

5185
05:05:03,100 --> 05:05:06,900
create new forms. 
Purity is impossible, hybrid 

5186
05:05:06,900 --> 05:05:11,900
Vigor results, cultures blend 
richness increases art, 

5187
05:05:11,900 --> 05:05:15,300
patronage ensures Legacy 
Emperors, commissioned 

5188
05:05:15,300 --> 05:05:19,000
building's paintings and music. 
These Works outlive their 

5189
05:05:19,000 --> 05:05:23,000
creators a Palace built by one 
Emperor houses, his great 

5190
05:05:23,000 --> 05:05:25,900
grandson. 
Art transcends mortality. 

5191
05:05:26,800 --> 05:05:30,000
Beauty endures creation, 
immortalizes. 

5192
05:05:30,800 --> 05:05:35,500
Charity, demonstrates virtue the
Emperor as farther to his people

5193
05:05:35,500 --> 05:05:38,100
must show. 
Mercy, arms are distributed, 

5194
05:05:38,100 --> 05:05:41,900
hospitals are funded. 
Orphanages are established 

5195
05:05:41,900 --> 05:05:46,000
charity is both a religious Duty
and political wisdom, giving 

5196
05:05:46,000 --> 05:05:51,100
benefits to giver and receiver. 
Mercy strengthens Justice must 

5197
05:05:51,100 --> 05:05:54,700
be seen courts. 
Operate publicly decisions are 

5198
05:05:54,700 --> 05:05:57,700
explained. 
Arbitrary power is limited by 

5199
05:05:57,700 --> 05:06:01,100
legal process. 
Justice legitimizes rule, 

5200
05:06:01,100 --> 05:06:06,100
fairness creates loyalty law 
binds, even the powerful rules. 

5201
05:06:06,100 --> 05:06:11,000
Apply justice, prevails 
education, expands slowly, but 

5202
05:06:11,000 --> 05:06:14,600
surely each generation is 
slightly more literate than the 

5203
05:06:14,600 --> 05:06:17,800
last knowledge, spreads the 
Empire becomes. 

5204
05:06:17,800 --> 05:06:22,700
More sophisticated literacy, 
enables participation education,

5205
05:06:22,700 --> 05:06:28,100
empowers Minds, develop 
capacity, grows infrastructure, 

5206
05:06:28,100 --> 05:06:30,500
improves incrementally, a bridge
here. 

5207
05:06:30,900 --> 05:06:35,000
Erode their over decades. 
The accumulation is significant 

5208
05:06:35,000 --> 05:06:39,600
travel becomes easier. 
Trading creases Improvement is 

5209
05:06:39,600 --> 05:06:42,500
gradual, but real progress 
happens. 

5210
05:06:42,500 --> 05:06:46,800
Connection improves the church 
and state support. 

5211
05:06:46,800 --> 05:06:51,000
Each other religious Authority, 
reinforces political Authority, 

5212
05:06:51,000 --> 05:06:54,400
political protection, enables 
religious missions. 

5213
05:06:54,400 --> 05:06:58,000
The partnership is ancient 
stable and mutually, beneficial 

5214
05:06:58,000 --> 05:07:03,000
faith and power intertwine, both
strength and festivals unite 

5215
05:07:03,000 --> 05:07:05,800
communities. 
Everyone celebrates together, 

5216
05:07:05,800 --> 05:07:09,700
class distinctions blur 
temporarily shared. 

5217
05:07:09,700 --> 05:07:14,000
Joy creates shared identity, 
festivals are social glue 

5218
05:07:14,000 --> 05:07:17,600
communities Bond. 
Unity is felt. 

5219
05:07:17,600 --> 05:07:21,200
And so, the dynasty continues 
year, after year, through 

5220
05:07:21,200 --> 05:07:24,900
routine and ritual through 
births and deaths, and marriages

5221
05:07:24,900 --> 05:07:28,500
through seasons and ceremonies 
and the steady passage of 

5222
05:07:28,500 --> 05:07:32,400
uncounted ordinary days. 
Stability is achieved not 

5223
05:07:32,400 --> 05:07:36,200
through Force but through the 
simple practice of doing again. 

5224
05:07:36,200 --> 05:07:40,200
What was done before? 
Repetition Comforts order 

5225
05:07:40,200 --> 05:07:43,300
reassures. 
The Empire is not perfect. 

5226
05:07:43,300 --> 05:07:48,500
Mistakes are made Injustice has 
occur but the system persists 

5227
05:07:48,500 --> 05:07:51,000
because it is larger than any 
individual failure. 

5228
05:07:51,600 --> 05:07:55,400
Problems are addressed within 
existing Frameworks reform is 

5229
05:07:55,408 --> 05:07:59,000
possible without Revolution the 
system bends, but does not 

5230
05:07:59,008 --> 05:08:01,700
break. 
Flexibility, preserves 

5231
05:08:01,700 --> 05:08:07,400
adaptation continues. 300 years 
is an immense span, many 

5232
05:08:07,400 --> 05:08:09,300
families rise and fall in that 
time. 

5233
05:08:09,300 --> 05:08:12,800
The romanoffs endure, their 
secret is not brilliant. 

5234
05:08:12,800 --> 05:08:17,800
But consistency, they do the 
same thing, the same ways year 

5235
05:08:17,800 --> 05:08:22,800
after year boring, perhaps 
affective, undeniably 

5236
05:08:22,800 --> 05:08:27,500
consistency succeeds rest. 
Now in the knowledge that for 

5237
05:08:27,500 --> 05:08:30,900
300 years, this pattern held 
lamps were lit. 

5238
05:08:30,900 --> 05:08:36,600
Meals, were served children were
raised Seasons, turned the 

5239
05:08:36,600 --> 05:08:38,100
romanovs. 
Move through their days, 

5240
05:08:38,100 --> 05:08:42,200
according to ancient Rivers, 
finding secure and repetition 

5241
05:08:42,200 --> 05:08:48,900
and strength in continuity. 
Empires rise and Empires fall 

5242
05:08:48,900 --> 05:08:53,700
but for centuries, this one 
simply continued Day by Ordinary

5243
05:08:53,700 --> 05:08:56,300
Day. 
Sustained by the quiet work of 

5244
05:08:56,300 --> 05:08:59,300
countless hands. 
Following paths warned, Smooth 

5245
05:08:59,300 --> 05:09:03,000
by time, let that long steady 
Rhythm carry you into your own 

5246
05:09:03,000 --> 05:09:06,300
peaceful rest. 
Knowing that some things endure 

5247
05:09:06,300 --> 05:09:09,300
simply by repeating simply by 
being what they have. 

5248
05:09:09,308 --> 05:09:14,000
Always been morning after 
morning evening after evening in

5249
05:09:14,000 --> 05:09:17,100
an unbroken chain of ordinary 
days that together became 

5250
05:09:17,100 --> 05:09:29,400
history. 
You get up early in your modest 

5251
05:09:29,400 --> 05:09:33,000
room of the olive oil business, 
not because you want to, but 

5252
05:09:33,000 --> 05:09:35,500
because your neighbor's donkey 
has decided that four in the 

5253
05:09:35,508 --> 05:09:38,200
morning, is the best time to 
practice his vocal scales, 

5254
05:09:38,200 --> 05:09:41,200
Alexandria sleeps, under a 
blanket of stars that come 

5255
05:09:41,200 --> 05:09:42,600
through the thin wooden 
shutters. 

5256
05:09:42,600 --> 05:09:45,300
But, you know, better than most 
that a good Merchant gets the 

5257
05:09:45,300 --> 05:09:47,800
worm. 
Or in your case the tastiest 

5258
05:09:47,800 --> 05:09:51,600
fish before anyone else, 
discovers their hungry, You 

5259
05:09:51,600 --> 05:09:54,200
stretch out like a cat, that has
been sleeping on bags of grain. 

5260
05:09:54,200 --> 05:09:57,600
Instead of soft pillows, your 
bare feet, touch the chili clay 

5261
05:09:57,600 --> 05:10:00,900
tiles, the smell of yesterday's 
bread, which will smells better 

5262
05:10:00,900 --> 05:10:03,600
in memory than it did when it 
was fresh is mixed with the 

5263
05:10:03,600 --> 05:10:07,200
smell of salt from the harbor 
and spices from a doesn't other 

5264
05:10:07,200 --> 05:10:09,600
locations. 
You've come to love these quiet 

5265
05:10:09,600 --> 05:10:11,700
hours before the city knows how 
to make noise. 

5266
05:10:13,300 --> 05:10:16,300
The bronze mirror shows a face 
that has been through 43 years 

5267
05:10:16,300 --> 05:10:20,400
of Mediterranean Sun wind, and 
the occasional fight with people

5268
05:10:20,400 --> 05:10:24,000
who think that negotiating means
starting at half your asking 

5269
05:10:24,000 --> 05:10:26,300
price and working your way down 
to Ridiculousness. 

5270
05:10:26,300 --> 05:10:30,300
Your hair used to be as black as
Egyptian eyeliner, but now it 

5271
05:10:30,300 --> 05:10:32,100
has enough. 
Silver strands to remind you 

5272
05:10:32,100 --> 05:10:35,800
that time is always moving, even
if you don't see it, but your 

5273
05:10:35,800 --> 05:10:38,100
hands stay stable. 
Your eyes are sharp enough to 

5274
05:10:38,100 --> 05:10:41,500
spot a false coin from across 
the Market Square and your smile

5275
05:10:41,500 --> 05:10:45,100
is genuine and enough to greet 
even the grumpiest customer The 

5276
05:10:45,108 --> 05:10:47,600
coolness of the water, when you 
Splash it on your face from the 

5277
05:10:47,600 --> 05:10:51,300
ceramic base and wakes you up 
every day, the city changes from

5278
05:10:51,300 --> 05:10:54,300
a peaceful sleeping giant to a 
busy place where people talk and

5279
05:10:54,300 --> 05:10:57,800
do things a priest in the temple
calls The Devout to morning 

5280
05:10:57,800 --> 05:11:01,200
prayers from a distance, his 
voice drifts over the roof tops 

5281
05:11:01,200 --> 05:11:04,900
like incense on a light wind. 
Your tunic which is made of 

5282
05:11:04,900 --> 05:11:08,300
high-quality Egyptian in slips, 
over your shoulders, like 

5283
05:11:08,300 --> 05:11:11,700
something you wear every day. 
It's more useful than beautiful.

5284
05:11:11,700 --> 05:11:14,300
The leather belt, which has been
worn smooth. 

5285
05:11:14,300 --> 05:11:17,500
Over the years Falls around your
waist with the satisfying weight

5286
05:11:17,500 --> 05:11:20,000
of your coin purse. 
It's not heavy enough to make 

5287
05:11:20,000 --> 05:11:22,600
you worry about thieves, but 
it's heavy enough to make 

5288
05:11:22,600 --> 05:11:25,700
dealing to day worth your time, 
the leather straps, go back to 

5289
05:11:25,700 --> 05:11:27,200
where they belong. 
As soon as you put on your 

5290
05:11:27,200 --> 05:11:30,900
sandals like old friends, the 
wooden steps grown their morning

5291
05:11:30,900 --> 05:11:32,600
song as you go down to the shop 
below. 

5292
05:11:32,600 --> 05:11:36,100
You keep your real Treasures 
here, small jars of the greatest

5293
05:11:36,100 --> 05:11:39,500
Royals flavored, with herbs, 
that most Alexandria have never 

5294
05:11:39,500 --> 05:11:43,100
heard of much less tasted 
They're next to enormous clay 

5295
05:11:43,100 --> 05:11:47,000
and free full of olive oil from 
Sicily and Cyprus Anatolian 

5296
05:11:47,000 --> 05:11:49,800
Rosemary Greek island time and 
your secret weapon. 

5297
05:11:50,700 --> 05:11:53,300
A special mix of herbs and 
spices that makes ordinary oil 

5298
05:11:53,300 --> 05:11:54,000
taste. 
So good. 

5299
05:11:54,008 --> 05:11:57,008
That even the most sophisticated
Roman matron would ask for the 

5300
05:11:57,016 --> 05:11:59,700
formula. 
You carefully wrap each of these

5301
05:11:59,700 --> 05:12:03,000
expensive containers and 
delicate fabric before putting 

5302
05:12:03,000 --> 05:12:05,600
them in a strong leather bag. 
To avoid the Calamity of broken 

5303
05:12:05,600 --> 05:12:08,400
pottery and squandered oil. 
You will walk like a drunk 

5304
05:12:08,400 --> 05:12:10,800
sailor before noon. 
If you carry too much weight on 

5305
05:12:10,800 --> 05:12:13,300
one side. 
It's too light and you don't 

5306
05:12:13,300 --> 05:12:16,600
have enough stuff to make money.
It's a fine line, like most 

5307
05:12:16,600 --> 05:12:19,200
things in the merchants life. 
If you push the street door 

5308
05:12:19,200 --> 05:12:22,400
gently, it will open and welcome
you into Alexandria's world 

5309
05:12:22,400 --> 05:12:24,800
before Daybreak. 
The stone streets are still 

5310
05:12:24,808 --> 05:12:27,600
called from the night air and 
you can feel how solid they are.

5311
05:12:27,600 --> 05:12:31,200
Other early rise's are out and 
about in the dark Bakers, 

5312
05:12:31,200 --> 05:12:33,000
heading to their ovens 
fishermen. 

5313
05:12:33,000 --> 05:12:35,300
Coming back from nocturnal, 
fishing trips with silver 

5314
05:12:35,300 --> 05:12:38,400
catches that gleam in the 
Moonlight and the odd City guard

5315
05:12:38,400 --> 05:12:41,200
trying to look alert, but 
clearly wanting to go back to 

5316
05:12:41,200 --> 05:12:44,000
sleep. 
As you walk near the harbor, the

5317
05:12:44,000 --> 05:12:46,100
fishing boats will soon. 
Come back with the day's, catch 

5318
05:12:46,100 --> 05:12:49,100
the sound of your breathing and 
the rhythm of your foot fall on 

5319
05:12:49,100 --> 05:12:51,900
the stone provide, a mild 
percussion, and you start to 

5320
05:12:51,900 --> 05:12:54,700
feel the meditative state that 
comes from completing familiar 

5321
05:12:54,700 --> 05:12:57,900
tasks in peace. 
The Satchel gently Taps your hip

5322
05:12:57,900 --> 05:13:00,800
with each step reminding you 
that you're ready to compete 

5323
05:13:00,800 --> 05:13:03,200
with clients win money from 
purses. 

5324
05:13:03,200 --> 05:13:06,900
And maybe if the gods are 
willing find something amazing 

5325
05:13:06,900 --> 05:13:09,800
and surprising in the huge 
Marketplace of human trade just 

5326
05:13:09,800 --> 05:13:11,800
like you have for the last 20 
years. 

5327
05:13:11,800 --> 05:13:14,500
The port comes into view, is you
round the last Corner? 

5328
05:13:14,500 --> 05:13:16,900
Its Waters. 
Reflect the last stars, like 

5329
05:13:16,900 --> 05:13:21,000
diamonds on Black Velvet The sun
will soon color, the sky, pink 

5330
05:13:21,000 --> 05:13:23,200
and gold. 
The fishing boats will come 

5331
05:13:23,200 --> 05:13:24,500
back. 
Full of the work they did at 

5332
05:13:24,500 --> 05:13:28,600
night, and Alexandria will be 
awake in eager to buy sell trade

5333
05:13:28,600 --> 05:13:31,600
and argue over everything from 
the price of grain to the 

5334
05:13:31,600 --> 05:13:35,100
quality of foreign. 
But just now the city is owned 

5335
05:13:35,100 --> 05:13:38,000
by dreamers and Merchants who 
know that the best transactions 

5336
05:13:38,000 --> 05:13:40,700
happen when the world is still 
soft around the edges. 

5337
05:13:40,700 --> 05:13:45,500
Like now when there are only a 
few minutes of silence left, The

5338
05:13:45,500 --> 05:13:46,800
fishing boats appear on the 
horizon. 

5339
05:13:46,800 --> 05:13:50,800
Like a fleet of moths drawn to 
the light house is Blaze their 

5340
05:13:50,800 --> 05:13:53,200
triangular sails. 
Catching the first faint signs 

5341
05:13:53,200 --> 05:13:55,600
of dawn he set up shop by the 
Stone Key. 

5342
05:13:55,600 --> 05:13:58,600
Where Captain Markus typically 
docks his ship because his crew 

5343
05:13:58,600 --> 05:14:01,200
always brings in the biggest 
catches in Alexandria's Harbor. 

5344
05:14:01,200 --> 05:14:04,400
You don't like Marcus though 
because he tends to believe his 

5345
05:14:04,400 --> 05:14:06,200
own stories about the fish that 
got away. 

5346
05:14:07,200 --> 05:14:09,200
You can't help but sway a little
as you. 

5347
05:14:09,200 --> 05:14:12,300
Wait because the smooth waves 
breaking against the port wall, 

5348
05:14:12,300 --> 05:14:14,600
make a Cadence that calms your 
soul. 

5349
05:14:14,600 --> 05:14:17,700
As the other Merchants start to 
gather, you can hear the sounds 

5350
05:14:17,700 --> 05:14:20,600
of water and the distant screams
of Seagulls starting their own 

5351
05:14:20,600 --> 05:14:23,200
daily hunt. 
Everyone understands their place

5352
05:14:23,200 --> 05:14:26,900
in the pecking order because of 
years of successful deals failed

5353
05:14:26,900 --> 05:14:28,800
discussions. 
And the occasional huge fight 

5354
05:14:28,800 --> 05:14:31,400
over fish prices. 
There is also an Unwritten code 

5355
05:14:31,400 --> 05:14:33,000
of conduct for these morning 
meetings. 

5356
05:14:33,000 --> 05:14:36,600
As Marcus is boat Glides toward 
the pier with the comfort of 

5357
05:14:36,600 --> 05:14:39,300
countless mornings. 
The Silvery flash of fish in the

5358
05:14:39,300 --> 05:14:41,800
Nets, is already evident at the 
front of the boat. 

5359
05:14:41,800 --> 05:14:44,700
The captain stands with a grin 
that splits his weathered face. 

5360
05:14:46,100 --> 05:14:49,000
It's either a very good night of
fishing or a really creative way

5361
05:14:49,000 --> 05:14:50,900
to explain. 
Why the fish are smaller than 

5362
05:14:50,900 --> 05:14:53,100
usual. 
It's not always easy to discern.

5363
05:14:53,100 --> 05:14:56,300
The difference with Marcus, the 
boat gently bumps against the 

5364
05:14:56,300 --> 05:14:59,500
peer as you sail forward with 
the confidence of someone who 

5365
05:14:59,500 --> 05:15:02,200
has been playing this game. 
Since Marcus was just a young 

5366
05:15:02,208 --> 05:15:05,000
fisherman with more and 
enthusiasm and talent. 

5367
05:15:05,000 --> 05:15:08,500
As the crew begins to unload 
their haul, your experience die.

5368
05:15:08,500 --> 05:15:10,300
Quickly makes a list of the 
options. 

5369
05:15:11,100 --> 05:15:14,700
Sea bass with bright. 
Clear eyes, red mullet that 

5370
05:15:14,700 --> 05:15:18,500
sparkle like rubies and a number
of fish species whose names. 

5371
05:15:18,500 --> 05:15:21,300
You haven't bothered to learn, 
but whose quality you can tell 

5372
05:15:21,300 --> 05:15:24,700
with a single look, you easily 
pull the cork out of a tiny 

5373
05:15:24,700 --> 05:15:27,300
ceramic container. 
You take out of your bag, the 

5374
05:15:27,300 --> 05:15:29,600
smell of your special, Urban 
fused olive oil. 

5375
05:15:29,600 --> 05:15:33,000
Hints at what could be making 
the simple Act of picking out, 

5376
05:15:33,000 --> 05:15:36,300
fish a sign of the supper to 
come the smell that escapes, 

5377
05:15:36,300 --> 05:15:37,800
makes a lot of adjacent 
Merchants. 

5378
05:15:37,800 --> 05:15:39,900
Look up markers, raises an 
eyebrows. 

5379
05:15:39,900 --> 05:15:43,500
He sees the well known ritual. 
You gesture to a really nice sea

5380
05:15:43,500 --> 05:15:45,600
bass with two fingers and don't 
say it anything. 

5381
05:15:46,500 --> 05:15:49,700
Marcus nods and begins to wrap 
the fish in wide seaweed leaves,

5382
05:15:49,700 --> 05:15:52,100
which is the old-fashioned way 
to package things. 

5383
05:15:52,100 --> 05:15:55,200
He likely sprays, the fish with 
the oil and then puts it back in

5384
05:15:55,200 --> 05:15:57,200
its container. 
When you give it to him, this is

5385
05:15:57,200 --> 05:15:59,800
a cooperation between 
Specialists to recognize that 

5386
05:15:59,800 --> 05:16:02,300
the best deals are good for 
everyone, not just one person. 

5387
05:16:03,500 --> 05:16:06,900
Years of practice of made it 
easy to trade coins, you both 

5388
05:16:06,900 --> 05:16:09,500
keep the Goodwill that will make
future business successful and 

5389
05:16:09,500 --> 05:16:12,300
fun, and Marcus gets paid 
properly for good fish. 

5390
05:16:13,000 --> 05:16:15,900
You get a product that will sell
for high prices to Quality 

5391
05:16:15,900 --> 05:16:18,600
conscious customers. 
No chance to talks no big 

5392
05:16:18,600 --> 05:16:20,400
gestures and no, trying to 
convince each other. 

5393
05:16:20,400 --> 05:16:22,800
That prices should go down 
because times are tough. 

5394
05:16:22,800 --> 05:16:25,800
Its just commerce between people
who respect each other's 

5395
05:16:25,800 --> 05:16:28,400
knowledge. 
A young Egyptian quarter 

5396
05:16:28,400 --> 05:16:30,900
Merchant looks with interest as 
you weigh the wrapped, fish 

5397
05:16:30,900 --> 05:16:34,100
against the oil canisters in 
your backpack, his sandals are 

5398
05:16:34,100 --> 05:16:36,200
too fresh. 
His tunic is too clean. 

5399
05:16:36,200 --> 05:16:39,500
And his face is too eager. 
These are all signals that he 

5400
05:16:39,500 --> 05:16:41,900
hasn't yet, figured out that 
successful dealing is about 

5401
05:16:41,900 --> 05:16:44,800
building trust over time rather 
than making big deals. 

5402
05:16:45,600 --> 05:16:47,800
You look him in the eye and 
offer him a tiny knot of 

5403
05:16:47,800 --> 05:16:49,800
acknowledgment. 
You remember your own early 

5404
05:16:49,800 --> 05:16:52,200
days, when every deal felt like 
a test you may fail. 

5405
05:16:52,200 --> 05:16:54,800
You know that everyone has to 
start someplace. 

5406
05:16:54,800 --> 05:16:58,300
It's not the right time or place
for long chats but the young 

5407
05:16:58,300 --> 05:17:00,400
man's hopeful look. 
Makes it seem like he's hoping 

5408
05:17:00,400 --> 05:17:03,500
you'll share some advice. 
No matter how curious or 

5409
05:17:03,500 --> 05:17:05,600
well-meaning someone is the 
morning Market. 

5410
05:17:05,600 --> 05:17:08,500
Never waits for them. 
Fish will go rock and eventually

5411
05:17:08,500 --> 05:17:11,800
the hardest starts to fill up 
with activity as more boats, 

5412
05:17:11,800 --> 05:17:15,000
come back and more, Merchants 
set up, shop along the key, you 

5413
05:17:15,000 --> 05:17:18,100
reached your main goal, but the 
Serene morning once is slowly 

5414
05:17:18,100 --> 05:17:19,900
replaced by the ordered bustle 
of business. 

5415
05:17:19,900 --> 05:17:22,900
The fish in your, Satchel 
represents the key to your 

5416
05:17:22,908 --> 05:17:26,500
success today, new better 
products that will sustain The 

5417
05:17:26,500 --> 05:17:29,800
increased prices, your devoted 
clients expect to pay for the 

5418
05:17:29,800 --> 05:17:32,900
things you propose. 
You start heading back toward 

5419
05:17:32,900 --> 05:17:35,900
the middle of the city where the
huge Market Square. 

5420
05:17:35,900 --> 05:17:39,000
Would soon be full of people 
shopping merchants and The 

5421
05:17:39,008 --> 05:17:42,300
NeverEnding cycle of supply and 
demand, that made Alexandria, 

5422
05:17:42,300 --> 05:17:44,700
one of the most prosperous towns
in ancient times. 

5423
05:17:44,700 --> 05:17:48,400
The sun rising over the water, 
warms your shoulders and informs

5424
05:17:48,400 --> 05:17:50,100
you. 
That today is a great day to do 

5425
05:17:50,100 --> 05:17:53,100
business outside. 
The cobblestones Beneath Your 

5426
05:17:53,108 --> 05:17:56,200
Feet, tell the story of 
thousands of traders who have 

5427
05:17:56,200 --> 05:18:00,000
walked this same way with their 
products and dreams in quest of 

5428
05:18:00,000 --> 05:18:01,900
money. 
Every morning, you can count on 

5429
05:18:01,900 --> 05:18:04,600
the same thing that somewhere in
the huge Market. 

5430
05:18:04,600 --> 05:18:07,300
Someone needs what you have and 
is willing to pay a fair price 

5431
05:18:07,300 --> 05:18:10,100
to take it home some days, 
you're lucky and get a lot of 

5432
05:18:10,100 --> 05:18:12,400
money while other days. 
You barely break even 

5433
05:18:13,200 --> 05:18:15,100
Alexandria's, huge Market 
Square. 

5434
05:18:15,100 --> 05:18:18,400
Is like a blank canvas in front 
of you, waiting for artists to 

5435
05:18:18,408 --> 05:18:21,700
paint it with colors music and 
the Beautiful chaos of people 

5436
05:18:21,700 --> 05:18:24,200
trading. 
You get there, early enough to 

5437
05:18:24,200 --> 05:18:26,200
obtain your preferred spot on 
the Eastern side. 

5438
05:18:26,200 --> 05:18:29,100
Where the morning sun will warm 
your consumers without making 

5439
05:18:29,100 --> 05:18:32,100
them squint at your goods. 
This is better than being in the

5440
05:18:32,100 --> 05:18:35,100
Middle where the crowds of 
biggest and the competition is 

5441
05:18:35,100 --> 05:18:37,800
strongest. 
You stretched your woven Reed 

5442
05:18:37,800 --> 05:18:39,600
mat on the polished Stone 
sidewalk. 

5443
05:18:40,300 --> 05:18:43,000
It felt like a cherished blanket
and had the same weight and 

5444
05:18:43,000 --> 05:18:45,300
texture. 
This matter has been with you to

5445
05:18:45,300 --> 05:18:46,900
markets in three different 
cities. 

5446
05:18:46,900 --> 05:18:51,000
Seeing countless transactions 
soaked, up wine, and olive oil 

5447
05:18:51,000 --> 05:18:55,000
and somehow stayed strong after 
years of being folded, unfolded,

5448
05:18:55,000 --> 05:18:57,900
and even used as a seat during 
long discussions. 

5449
05:18:57,900 --> 05:19:01,800
After 20 years of trying and 
failing, you have learned how to

5450
05:19:01,800 --> 05:19:04,200
arrange items in a way that 
makes them seem their best. 

5451
05:19:04,200 --> 05:19:07,800
The fish is the main thing, and 
it still smells like fresh water

5452
05:19:07,800 --> 05:19:11,200
and his raped with seaweed. 
You put the olive oil containers

5453
05:19:11,200 --> 05:19:13,700
around it in a way that shows 
off a lot without making it 

5454
05:19:13,700 --> 05:19:15,500
look. 
Cluttered they are close enough 

5455
05:19:15,500 --> 05:19:18,200
to make a statement but far 
enough apart so that customers 

5456
05:19:18,200 --> 05:19:20,300
don't get hurt when they reach 
for a closer look. 

5457
05:19:21,100 --> 05:19:24,400
You're exceptional herb-infused 
oils require their own section. 

5458
05:19:24,400 --> 05:19:27,500
They should be on a tiny wooden 
platform that's a little higher 

5459
05:19:27,500 --> 05:19:30,700
up and catches the light to show
off their beautiful golden 

5460
05:19:30,700 --> 05:19:32,700
color. 
These little bottles of magic 

5461
05:19:32,700 --> 05:19:35,800
may turn ordinary veggies into a
meal suitable for a Senators 

5462
05:19:35,800 --> 05:19:40,000
table and plain bread into 
something extraordinary. they're

5463
05:19:40,000 --> 05:19:43,300
not just cooking ingredients as 
the morning sun shines, through 

5464
05:19:43,300 --> 05:19:46,400
the colored glass bottles of 
certain containers, tiny 

5465
05:19:46,400 --> 05:19:50,600
rainbows, dance over the mat 
like Promises of flavor You stop

5466
05:19:50,600 --> 05:19:52,500
for a moment to glance at your 
competitors. 

5467
05:19:52,500 --> 05:19:56,100
And the people who live near you
to your left, an old rural woman

5468
05:19:56,100 --> 05:19:57,900
carefully, lays bundles of fresh
herbs. 

5469
05:19:58,700 --> 05:20:00,800
She knows the house things. 
Look, might be the difference 

5470
05:20:00,800 --> 05:20:04,200
between carrying home wilted 
items by Twilight or selling out

5471
05:20:04,200 --> 05:20:06,900
by noon. 
You notice her and you not in 

5472
05:20:06,900 --> 05:20:09,600
admiration as her wrinkled 
hands, move with the confidence 

5473
05:20:09,600 --> 05:20:12,700
that comes from years of skill. 
To your right. 

5474
05:20:12,700 --> 05:20:16,300
A young guy is struggling with a
remarkable arrangement of copper

5475
05:20:16,300 --> 05:20:18,700
pots that are clearly heavier 
than he imagined. 

5476
05:20:18,700 --> 05:20:21,200
They would be when he loaded 
them onto his car, this morning,

5477
05:20:21,200 --> 05:20:24,300
his face shows the particular 
read that comes from physical 

5478
05:20:24,300 --> 05:20:26,500
exertion. 
And it also shows that he 

5479
05:20:26,500 --> 05:20:29,200
starting to think he may have 
misjudged how much he can take 

5480
05:20:29,200 --> 05:20:32,400
with such heavy products. 
You want to help but you've 

5481
05:20:32,400 --> 05:20:35,100
learned from experience that 
sometimes people see help as 

5482
05:20:35,100 --> 05:20:40,500
criticism in stead of Goodwill. 
The market is full of the first 

5483
05:20:40,500 --> 05:20:42,900
customers of the day who are 
moving slowly. 

5484
05:20:42,900 --> 05:20:45,700
And with interest, these early 
consumers are usually the 

5485
05:20:45,700 --> 05:20:48,000
pickiest. 
They know what quality is and 

5486
05:20:48,000 --> 05:20:49,700
are willing to pay a fair price 
for it. 

5487
05:20:49,700 --> 05:20:52,600
They examine swiftly, but 
carefully at the many options 

5488
05:20:52,600 --> 05:20:55,800
moving with the confidence of 
experienced buyers. 

5489
05:20:56,700 --> 05:20:59,000
A well-dressed woman is walking 
toward your display. 

5490
05:20:59,000 --> 05:21:02,700
A gold jewelry and linen outfit 
show that she is used to the 

5491
05:21:02,700 --> 05:21:05,400
better things in life. 
She stops when she sees your 

5492
05:21:05,400 --> 05:21:08,700
herb, infused oils picks up one 
of the containers and Pops, the 

5493
05:21:08,700 --> 05:21:11,100
cork to smell it. 
Her face goes from polite, 

5494
05:21:11,100 --> 05:21:14,500
curiosity to genuine or like 
someone who has just found 

5495
05:21:14,500 --> 05:21:17,600
something that blows their mind.
You stay at a respectful 

5496
05:21:17,600 --> 05:21:19,900
distance so she can look at your
things without feeling 

5497
05:21:19,900 --> 05:21:22,000
pressured. 
This client knows what she 

5498
05:21:22,000 --> 05:21:23,400
wants, and has the means to get 
it. 

5499
05:21:23,400 --> 05:21:26,400
Your duty is to be available to 
answer her questions. 

5500
05:21:26,400 --> 05:21:29,100
While respecting her 
independence, she carefully 

5501
05:21:29,100 --> 05:21:31,800
replaces the cork, as someone 
who has been let down by bad 

5502
05:21:31,800 --> 05:21:35,400
Goods in the past would, and 
then looks at the fish noting 

5503
05:21:35,400 --> 05:21:40,900
its firm flesh and Clear Eyes. 
The morning Market has its own 

5504
05:21:40,900 --> 05:21:44,600
different from the busy midday 
Market or the night time. 

5505
05:21:44,600 --> 05:21:47,600
Mark it, when people are looking
for deals, people are more 

5506
05:21:47,600 --> 05:21:51,200
polite when they negotiate and 
conversations acquire to, it 

5507
05:21:51,200 --> 05:21:53,900
appears like both buyers and 
sellers are taking their time to

5508
05:21:53,900 --> 05:21:56,800
make sure everyone is happy. 
The richest people shop at this 

5509
05:21:56,800 --> 05:22:00,000
time before the heat gets too 
hot and the crowds get too big 

5510
05:22:00,000 --> 05:22:03,600
to shop comfortably. 
The sound of coins passing hands

5511
05:22:03,600 --> 05:22:07,400
is a gratifying metallic whisper
that marks, the official start 

5512
05:22:07,400 --> 05:22:09,700
of your business day. 
The well-dressed woman has 

5513
05:22:09,700 --> 05:22:12,800
picked out the best fish from 
your display and a jar of your 

5514
05:22:12,800 --> 05:22:15,800
special oil. 
She paid without complaint and 

5515
05:22:15,800 --> 05:22:18,900
thanked you sincerely, you might
feel the same happiness. 

5516
05:22:18,900 --> 05:22:21,700
You always do when you give a 
customer high quality Goods that

5517
05:22:21,700 --> 05:22:25,100
they really love as she leaves 
with her delivery safely 

5518
05:22:25,100 --> 05:22:27,500
wrapped. 
More customers are coming into 

5519
05:22:27,500 --> 05:22:30,500
the market since there are more 
things to choose from and trade 

5520
05:22:30,500 --> 05:22:33,000
is getting stronger as the sun 
rises in the morning. 

5521
05:22:33,000 --> 05:22:36,200
It warms the stones under your 
feet and signals that another 

5522
05:22:36,200 --> 05:22:39,200
successful day is coming in the 
biggest Marketplace of all time.

5523
05:22:39,200 --> 05:22:42,000
Your remaining Goods shine 
brightly on their read map 

5524
05:22:42,000 --> 05:22:45,500
waiting to be found by consumers
who know that some things are 

5525
05:22:45,500 --> 05:22:48,400
worth buying. 
By mid-morning, The Market 

5526
05:22:48,400 --> 05:22:50,400
Square. 
Is full of people trading doing 

5527
05:22:50,400 --> 05:22:54,100
business and having friendly 
arguments over prices that seem 

5528
05:22:54,100 --> 05:22:56,800
too good to be true. 
After years of practice, you've 

5529
05:22:56,800 --> 05:22:59,300
discovered a comfortable Pace 
that keeps you aware enough to 

5530
05:22:59,300 --> 05:23:02,600
see potential customers across 
the square and relaxed enough to

5531
05:23:02,600 --> 05:23:05,300
stay away from the Frantic 
energy that makes Shoppers 

5532
05:23:05,300 --> 05:23:07,500
uneasy and more likely to keep 
going. 

5533
05:23:07,500 --> 05:23:10,400
Middle-aged guy and a tiger that
has seen better days. 

5534
05:23:10,400 --> 05:23:13,400
Approaches carefully trying to 
look more successful than he 

5535
05:23:13,400 --> 05:23:15,600
really is? 
He looks at your things with a 

5536
05:23:15,600 --> 05:23:18,300
kind of attention that only 
someone who cares about quality,

5537
05:23:18,300 --> 05:23:22,100
but has to make every dollar 
count can have. you can see 

5538
05:23:22,100 --> 05:23:25,500
immediately what kind of person 
they are not sloppy, but 

5539
05:23:25,500 --> 05:23:28,700
careful, they might be a 
mid-level manager or an Adept 

5540
05:23:28,700 --> 05:23:30,600
craftsmen, who knows the 
difference between cheap and 

5541
05:23:30,600 --> 05:23:34,100
affordable He grabs, one of your
normal, olive oil containers, 

5542
05:23:34,100 --> 05:23:37,300
weighs it and looks through the 
ceramic container to see how 

5543
05:23:37,300 --> 05:23:39,900
clear the oil is. 
You take note of the information

5544
05:23:39,900 --> 05:23:42,600
for subsequent use in the debate
because his manner is 

5545
05:23:42,600 --> 05:23:45,000
knowledgeable enough to suggest 
that he knows how to cook. 

5546
05:23:45,000 --> 05:23:48,600
Good salespeople, don't try to 
make people buy things instead, 

5547
05:23:48,600 --> 05:23:51,300
they help the proper individuals
comprehend, why they should have

5548
05:23:51,300 --> 05:23:54,000
your products in their homes. 
You don't try to sell him 

5549
05:23:54,000 --> 05:23:56,800
anything right away. 
Instead you wait for him to 

5550
05:23:56,800 --> 05:24:00,600
finish his test a Merchants best
quality is patience, which is 

5551
05:24:00,608 --> 05:24:03,400
more important than making big 
gestures or giving convincing 

5552
05:24:03,400 --> 05:24:05,500
speeches when he finally looks 
up. 

5553
05:24:05,500 --> 05:24:08,200
You smile and tell him that the 
oil originates from olives, 

5554
05:24:08,200 --> 05:24:11,500
grown on the hills of Cyprus, 
where the sea wind gives them a 

5555
05:24:11,508 --> 05:24:13,600
particular flavor that goes well
with anything. 

5556
05:24:13,600 --> 05:24:15,400
From simple bread to 
complicated. 

5557
05:24:15,400 --> 05:24:18,800
Stews. 
He clearly grows more intrigued 

5558
05:24:18,800 --> 05:24:22,100
and asks smart questions about 
how long this oil will last how 

5559
05:24:22,100 --> 05:24:24,600
to store it and what the 
greatest uses for it. 

5560
05:24:24,600 --> 05:24:28,500
Are you provide an honest answer
saying that this oil is fine for

5561
05:24:28,500 --> 05:24:31,600
everyday cooking but your Urban 
fused versions are better for 

5562
05:24:31,800 --> 05:24:34,700
Special occasions, or when he 
wants to impress visitors at 

5563
05:24:34,700 --> 05:24:37,400
dinner, it's important to 
provide him options without 

5564
05:24:37,400 --> 05:24:39,700
making him feel bad for thinking
about the cheaper one. 

5565
05:24:39,700 --> 05:24:43,600
You can show the differences by 
giving people small samples of 

5566
05:24:43,600 --> 05:24:46,900
both oils on pieces of bread 
that you set aside just for this

5567
05:24:46,900 --> 05:24:49,000
purpose. 
The man's face shows that he's 

5568
05:24:49,000 --> 05:24:51,100
found something. 
He didn't realize he wanted as 

5569
05:24:51,100 --> 05:24:54,600
he tastes the herb infused oil. 
The fight between want and 

5570
05:24:54,608 --> 05:24:58,000
budget has begun, you've learned
how to let customers decide for 

5571
05:24:58,000 --> 05:25:00,900
themselves, what they need and 
how much it's worth without 

5572
05:25:00,900 --> 05:25:03,600
getting in the way. 
While he thinks about what to 

5573
05:25:03,600 --> 05:25:05,100
do. 
You hear a disturbance at the 

5574
05:25:05,100 --> 05:25:06,200
Copper Pot? 
Sellers stand. 

5575
05:25:06,200 --> 05:25:08,800
It sounds like thunder. 
As it rolls on the stone 

5576
05:25:08,800 --> 05:25:11,000
pavement. 
Like the young guy dropped, one 

5577
05:25:11,000 --> 05:25:14,100
of his heavy pots. 
You can't help but giggle at the

5578
05:25:14,100 --> 05:25:17,200
Young Merchants embarrassed face
as he runs after his missing 

5579
05:25:17,200 --> 05:25:20,200
products, other Sellers and 
customers run away to have the 

5580
05:25:20,200 --> 05:25:23,300
runaway kitchenware. 
This short break actually, helps

5581
05:25:23,300 --> 05:25:26,600
your buyer, make a decision. 
Sometimes people need to take a 

5582
05:25:26,600 --> 05:25:29,400
break from thinking too much and
simply go with their instincts. 

5583
05:25:29,400 --> 05:25:31,100
He has already reached for his 
coin. 

5584
05:25:31,100 --> 05:25:34,400
Purse and asked how to store the
urban fused oil so that it keeps

5585
05:25:34,400 --> 05:25:36,500
its flavor when he looks back at
your display. 

5586
05:25:36,500 --> 05:25:39,700
Now that the deal is almost 
done, all you have to do is give

5587
05:25:39,700 --> 05:25:42,100
him great customer service. 
So he will come back and tell 

5588
05:25:42,100 --> 05:25:45,000
others about you. 
You carefully wrap his purchase 

5589
05:25:45,000 --> 05:25:48,300
in a clean cloth and then take 
the time to explain how to store

5590
05:25:48,300 --> 05:25:51,900
it and suggest foods that will 
bring out its unique flavor, 

5591
05:25:51,900 --> 05:25:55,200
this extra knowledge, converts a
simple sail into an investment 

5592
05:25:55,200 --> 05:25:57,800
and client pleasure. 
And the only expense is your 

5593
05:25:57,800 --> 05:26:01,100
time customers who are happy 
with your service become, loyal 

5594
05:26:01,100 --> 05:26:04,700
customers and loyal customers 
become brand ambassadors, who 

5595
05:26:04,700 --> 05:26:06,300
tell their friends about your 
booth. 

5596
05:26:07,000 --> 05:26:09,900
You think about the psychology 
of successful selling as he 

5597
05:26:09,900 --> 05:26:12,100
leaves? 
Evidently happy holding his 

5598
05:26:12,100 --> 05:26:14,500
package. 
When a customer comes to your 

5599
05:26:14,500 --> 05:26:17,400
display, they each have their 
own demands budget, and 

5600
05:26:17,400 --> 05:26:19,800
knowledge of the products. 
You don't have to convince 

5601
05:26:19,800 --> 05:26:23,300
everyone to buy your most 
expensive things in Stead, you 

5602
05:26:23,300 --> 05:26:26,300
should help each person, figure 
out, which of your products will

5603
05:26:26,300 --> 05:26:28,800
make a small but important 
difference in their lives. 

5604
05:26:29,700 --> 05:26:32,300
The morning goes on with the 
steady stream of browsers and 

5605
05:26:32,300 --> 05:26:35,900
customers each of whom helps. 
You understand people better and

5606
05:26:35,900 --> 05:26:38,900
the thin line that separates 
Commerce from actual service, 

5607
05:26:38,900 --> 05:26:41,700
some customers buy things 
quickly and easily because they 

5608
05:26:41,700 --> 05:26:45,200
know exactly what they want. 
Some people need time to look 

5609
05:26:45,200 --> 05:26:49,200
into things ask questions and 
slowly build their confidence in

5610
05:26:49,200 --> 05:26:52,000
their choices. 
Some visitors, use your stand as

5611
05:26:52,000 --> 05:26:55,600
a stop on a leisurely tour of 
Alexandria's shops enjoying the 

5612
05:26:55,600 --> 05:26:59,500
social side of buying at the 
market You keep acting with the 

5613
05:26:59,500 --> 05:27:01,900
friendly professionalism, that 
has helped you build a good 

5614
05:27:01,908 --> 05:27:05,300
reputation over the years. 
Always honest about the pros and

5615
05:27:05,300 --> 05:27:09,000
cons of your products never 
pushy and always ready to help. 

5616
05:27:09,800 --> 05:27:13,400
In the long run this method 
builds trust contentment and the

5617
05:27:13,400 --> 05:27:16,300
kind of good word of mouth that 
drives new customers to your mat

5618
05:27:16,300 --> 05:27:19,000
week after week. 
This is better than the big 

5619
05:27:19,000 --> 05:27:20,900
sales that come from high 
pressure tactics. 

5620
05:27:21,700 --> 05:27:24,900
The Market Square becomes a 
sparkling seen as the sun rises 

5621
05:27:24,900 --> 05:27:28,400
to its highest point. 
Heat waves dance, like invisible

5622
05:27:28,400 --> 05:27:32,000
spirits of the stone pavement. 
Now tourists slaves, doing 

5623
05:27:32,000 --> 05:27:34,900
errands for their bosses and the
occasional local who can't wait 

5624
05:27:34,900 --> 05:27:36,800
until evening to shop or all in 
the market. 

5625
05:27:36,800 --> 05:27:39,500
Most of the mornings. 
Refined customers have gone home

5626
05:27:39,500 --> 05:27:41,900
to cool off. 
The neighboring column that 

5627
05:27:41,900 --> 05:27:44,300
gives a narrow strip of shade is
one of the numerous 

5628
05:27:44,300 --> 05:27:47,100
architectural features that make
Alexandria's, Marketplace, 

5629
05:27:47,100 --> 05:27:49,500
beautiful, and sometimes 
beneficial. 

5630
05:27:49,500 --> 05:27:52,900
You've used it to your advantage
by repositioning, your display. 

5631
05:27:52,900 --> 05:27:56,200
The heat from the stone is still
powerful enough to make you 

5632
05:27:56,200 --> 05:27:57,500
appreciate the wide brimmed 
hatch. 

5633
05:27:57,500 --> 05:27:59,900
You bought from a Craftsman in 
the Ethiopian quarter last 

5634
05:27:59,900 --> 05:28:02,000
summer. 
Even though your Reed, Matt is 

5635
05:28:02,008 --> 05:28:05,800
now in a cooler place during 
these hot midday hours Commerce 

5636
05:28:05,800 --> 05:28:09,600
slows down but it doesn't halt 
completely as a party of Roman 

5637
05:28:09,600 --> 05:28:11,000
visitors, walk through the 
market. 

5638
05:28:11,000 --> 05:28:13,700
Their Fair complexion is already
becoming pink. 

5639
05:28:13,700 --> 05:28:17,900
They seem to have miscalculated,
the North African sun, no matter

5640
05:28:17,900 --> 05:28:19,400
what. 
The weather is, like they stroll

5641
05:28:19,400 --> 05:28:23,000
from stall to vendor the 
slightly overpowering excitement

5642
05:28:23,000 --> 05:28:26,400
of individuals who are Keen to 
experience everything Alexandria

5643
05:28:26,400 --> 05:28:29,800
has to offer. 
A Roman woman with an expensive 

5644
05:28:29,800 --> 05:28:32,900
stroller. 
That shows she is used to luxury

5645
05:28:32,900 --> 05:28:36,200
stops by your display and looks 
at it with interest as someone 

5646
05:28:36,200 --> 05:28:38,800
who has access to the best items
from all over the Empire. 

5647
05:28:38,800 --> 05:28:42,400
She knows how to spot quality. 
When she sees it, she carefully 

5648
05:28:42,400 --> 05:28:44,200
looks over your herb. 
Infused oils. 

5649
05:28:44,200 --> 05:28:47,500
She says she's sorry, she 
doesn't speak the local dialect 

5650
05:28:47,500 --> 05:28:50,300
better, but her Greek with a 
Latin action is easy to 

5651
05:28:50,300 --> 05:28:54,400
understand your grammar isn't 
perfect, but you answering your 

5652
05:28:54,400 --> 05:28:57,100
own careful Latin, which you've 
learned over the years of 

5653
05:28:57,100 --> 05:29:00,600
working with Roman clientele who
appreciate the effort, the 

5654
05:29:00,600 --> 05:29:03,000
discussion flows smoothly. 
As you talk about where your 

5655
05:29:03,000 --> 05:29:06,100
different oils come from, and 
how they can make the Italian 

5656
05:29:06,100 --> 05:29:07,400
meals. 
She says she says, she misses 

5657
05:29:07,400 --> 05:29:10,200
from home taste better. 
Everyone liked the concept of 

5658
05:29:10,200 --> 05:29:12,400
adding unusual flavors to 
familiar items. 

5659
05:29:12,400 --> 05:29:16,300
And she buys several containers 
with the explicit purpose of 

5660
05:29:16,300 --> 05:29:18,800
revisiting her taste memories in
a unique area. 

5661
05:29:19,800 --> 05:29:22,500
You can see that the young 
Copper Pot seller has now fixed 

5662
05:29:22,500 --> 05:29:25,600
up his display and seems to have
learned from his mistake. 

5663
05:29:25,600 --> 05:29:28,200
In the morning, the Romans are 
still looking about the market. 

5664
05:29:28,200 --> 05:29:31,400
He has put himself in a good 
position to catch anything that 

5665
05:29:31,400 --> 05:29:34,400
could try to get away and his 
pots are now arranged in a way 

5666
05:29:34,400 --> 05:29:37,300
that makes them more stable. 
His serious look shows that he 

5667
05:29:37,300 --> 05:29:39,500
is taking his Merchant 
education, seriously. 

5668
05:29:40,600 --> 05:29:43,600
The heat of midday brings both 
chances and problems. 

5669
05:29:43,600 --> 05:29:46,300
Even while fewer people are 
walking about at these hours, 

5670
05:29:46,300 --> 05:29:49,300
the ones who do tend to have 
specific needs that make them 

5671
05:29:49,300 --> 05:29:52,300
less sensitive to pricing and 
more focused on obtaining 

5672
05:29:52,300 --> 05:29:55,200
exactly what they want. 
People who live, there are 

5673
05:29:55,200 --> 05:29:57,600
having cooking emergencies that 
can't wait for cooler weather. 

5674
05:29:58,400 --> 05:30:01,500
Travelers are stocking up before
they continue their trips and 

5675
05:30:01,500 --> 05:30:05,200
Rich families are sending slaves
to get certain items for fancy 

5676
05:30:05,200 --> 05:30:08,600
meals. 
A man who seems agitated and has

5677
05:30:08,600 --> 05:30:11,100
the energy of someone going 
through a family crisis, walks 

5678
05:30:11,100 --> 05:30:14,400
up to your stand, his clever. 
Greek wife is making a special 

5679
05:30:14,400 --> 05:30:15,800
dinner for important guests 
today. 

5680
05:30:15,800 --> 05:30:19,500
But she can't find her good 
olive oil their teenage son. 

5681
05:30:19,500 --> 05:30:21,100
Who thinks that anything edible 
is. 

5682
05:30:21,100 --> 05:30:24,600
Fair game for experimenting. 
May have eaten it right now. 

5683
05:30:24,600 --> 05:30:27,400
The man needs oil and quality is
more vital than price. 

5684
05:30:28,200 --> 05:30:31,500
In times, like these experience,
pays off, it only takes a few 

5685
05:30:31,500 --> 05:30:33,600
seconds to figure out what 
consumer really wants. 

5686
05:30:33,600 --> 05:30:37,000
And it's clear that this man 
needs more than details product,

5687
05:30:37,000 --> 05:30:40,700
descriptions to feel safe. 
You chose one container of herb 

5688
05:30:40,700 --> 05:30:44,400
infused oil and one of your best
regular oils you say that the 

5689
05:30:44,400 --> 05:30:47,000
two together will provide you 
reliable cooking outcomes and 

5690
05:30:47,000 --> 05:30:49,900
the chance to make something 
special that will impress even 

5691
05:30:49,900 --> 05:30:53,300
the pickiest guests. 
Is obvious relief, as he passes 

5692
05:30:53,300 --> 05:30:55,900
over the money shows that you 
have correctly identified his 

5693
05:30:55,900 --> 05:30:58,500
problem. 
And priorities, you think his 

5694
05:30:58,500 --> 05:31:01,100
wife will be happy with the 
quality of her ingredients and 

5695
05:31:01,100 --> 05:31:03,500
the fact that her husband is 
taking charge of the situation 

5696
05:31:03,500 --> 05:31:06,300
as he rushes off. 
Holding his packages, like 

5697
05:31:06,300 --> 05:31:09,700
lifelines people, often come 
back to buy more after seeing 

5698
05:31:09,700 --> 05:31:12,200
the high quality ingredients can
make cooking more special. 

5699
05:31:13,400 --> 05:31:16,100
The heat keeps rising in the 
early afternoon making the 

5700
05:31:16,100 --> 05:31:19,500
Market Square feel strange. 
People generally think that once

5701
05:31:19,500 --> 05:31:22,300
the Sun starts to drop in the 
west, everything will get 

5702
05:31:22,300 --> 05:31:24,600
serious. 
Again in conversations will get 

5703
05:31:24,600 --> 05:31:27,600
more tranquil and motions will 
become more systematic. 

5704
05:31:27,600 --> 05:31:30,600
This is the time for patient 
businesses, that know that not 

5705
05:31:30,600 --> 05:31:34,400
everyone has the same chance to 
make money. during this slower 

5706
05:31:34,400 --> 05:31:38,000
time, you organize the rest of 
your stock, wrapping up things 

5707
05:31:38,000 --> 05:31:40,500
that could be damaged by the 
Heat and putting others in 

5708
05:31:40,500 --> 05:31:43,300
places where they can get a 
little breeze that blows through

5709
05:31:43,300 --> 05:31:46,500
the square, the stone column 
that Shields, you creates small 

5710
05:31:46,500 --> 05:31:48,500
air, currents that make your 
location a little more 

5711
05:31:48,500 --> 05:31:51,500
comfortable than the open 
sections where some Merchants 

5712
05:31:51,500 --> 05:31:54,200
still have to deal with the full
force of the Mediterranean Sun, 

5713
05:31:55,200 --> 05:31:57,200
During the warmest part of the 
day. 

5714
05:31:57,200 --> 05:32:01,000
A few more people look around 
mostly tourists, who have not 

5715
05:32:01,000 --> 05:32:03,500
learned to respect local 
conventions about resting in the

5716
05:32:03,500 --> 05:32:06,400
afternoon or persons, with 
special needs, who put their 

5717
05:32:06,400 --> 05:32:09,200
requirements ahead of their 
comfort, customers that shot 

5718
05:32:09,200 --> 05:32:11,800
during these hours, are 
sometimes very happy to locate 

5719
05:32:11,800 --> 05:32:14,400
exactly what they need when 
there are many other 

5720
05:32:14,400 --> 05:32:17,500
possibilities, but each sale 
takes a little more patients 

5721
05:32:17,500 --> 05:32:20,500
than in the morning. 
The Market Square comes back to 

5722
05:32:20,500 --> 05:32:24,100
life as the afternoon Sun starts
to set in a beautiful way over 

5723
05:32:24,100 --> 05:32:26,800
the Western Horizon. 
It's like a sleeping giant 

5724
05:32:26,800 --> 05:32:28,200
waking up. 
And remembering what it was 

5725
05:32:28,208 --> 05:32:31,500
meant to do when everything is 
bathed in warm amber light, and 

5726
05:32:31,500 --> 05:32:34,500
the Shadows are soft and 
forgiving the heat that made the

5727
05:32:34,500 --> 05:32:36,600
middle of the day. 
So unbearable, gives way to the 

5728
05:32:36,608 --> 05:32:39,700
magical light that photographers
would later call Golden hour. 

5729
05:32:40,600 --> 05:32:44,800
As the sun moves, your shadowed 
spot becomes less significant. 

5730
05:32:44,800 --> 05:32:48,000
You move your display again to 
take advantage of the better 

5731
05:32:48,000 --> 05:32:49,800
lighting. 
Even though sales have been 

5732
05:32:49,808 --> 05:32:53,400
steady all day, there are still 
a lot of stuff left over and it 

5733
05:32:53,408 --> 05:32:55,800
should be displayed in a way 
that makes the most of the 

5734
05:32:55,800 --> 05:32:58,800
beautiful evening light. 
The urban fused oils seem to 

5735
05:32:58,800 --> 05:33:01,800
hold on to the Warm Glow, 
creating a show that looks like 

5736
05:33:01,800 --> 05:33:05,400
a jewel and draws the attention 
of people from all parts of the 

5737
05:33:05,400 --> 05:33:08,500
square. 
People who shop in the morning 

5738
05:33:08,500 --> 05:33:12,200
and at noon, a considerably 
different from those who shot at

5739
05:33:12,200 --> 05:33:14,400
night. 
These customers walk at a 

5740
05:33:14,400 --> 05:33:17,300
leisurely Pace, like people who 
have finished their daily tasks 

5741
05:33:17,300 --> 05:33:20,500
and have time to look around 
investigate and maybe find 

5742
05:33:20,500 --> 05:33:23,800
something new people who work 
during the day can finally see 

5743
05:33:23,800 --> 05:33:26,300
their favorite vendors. 
Families can walk around the 

5744
05:33:26,300 --> 05:33:29,500
market together and servants can
perform last minute chores 

5745
05:33:29,500 --> 05:33:32,500
before going home. 
A retired scholar walks up to 

5746
05:33:32,500 --> 05:33:35,400
your stool with a serious look 
on his face. 

5747
05:33:35,400 --> 05:33:39,000
And a walking stick that softly 
Taps on the stone pavement, he 

5748
05:33:39,000 --> 05:33:42,000
looks over your products very 
thoroughly and asked questions 

5749
05:33:42,000 --> 05:33:43,400
that show. 
He knows a lot about 

5750
05:33:43,400 --> 05:33:46,100
Mediterranean cooking. 
It's clear that this person 

5751
05:33:46,100 --> 05:33:49,200
thinks cooking is both an art 
and a science and he's looking 

5752
05:33:49,200 --> 05:33:51,000
for items that will show off his
skills. 

5753
05:33:51,700 --> 05:33:54,300
You have the kind of deep 
conversations that make this 

5754
05:33:54,300 --> 05:33:56,800
job. 
So rewarding you wants to know 

5755
05:33:56,800 --> 05:34:00,100
where the herbs in your infused 
oils come from and how different

5756
05:34:00,100 --> 05:34:02,900
combinations can perform better 
with different cooking methods. 

5757
05:34:02,900 --> 05:34:05,900
The talk goes across everything 
from Greek techniques to make 

5758
05:34:05,900 --> 05:34:08,700
veggies taste better to Roman 
ways to cook fish. 

5759
05:34:08,700 --> 05:34:11,700
You also find out that your 
customer has traveled a lot and 

5760
05:34:11,700 --> 05:34:14,100
collected recipes like some 
people collect coins. 

5761
05:34:14,100 --> 05:34:17,700
He finally buys a lot of things 
including many containers of 

5762
05:34:17,700 --> 05:34:20,200
different oils. 
Each chosen for a specific 

5763
05:34:20,200 --> 05:34:22,900
cooking purpose that he happily 
describes. 

5764
05:34:22,900 --> 05:34:25,900
He tells you about uses for your
items that you hadn't thought 

5765
05:34:25,900 --> 05:34:29,300
of, and he promises to send 
other serious Cooks, he knows to

5766
05:34:29,300 --> 05:34:31,600
your stand. 
This is worth more than the 

5767
05:34:31,600 --> 05:34:34,200
rapid sale. 
No amount of yelling or flashy 

5768
05:34:34,200 --> 05:34:37,000
sales pitchers can compare to 
the value of loyal, customers 

5769
05:34:37,000 --> 05:34:38,500
telling their friends about your
business. 

5770
05:34:39,500 --> 05:34:41,800
You can tell that the young 
Copper Pot seller had a tough 

5771
05:34:41,800 --> 05:34:44,300
morning. 
But as the day goes on, you can 

5772
05:34:44,300 --> 05:34:47,900
see that he has had a good day 
with the pleasure of someone who

5773
05:34:47,900 --> 05:34:49,900
has effectively. 
Applied important Lessons 

5774
05:34:49,900 --> 05:34:52,500
Learned. 
He has cut down on his display 

5775
05:34:52,500 --> 05:34:55,300
by a lot and is carefully 
wrapping up the rest of his 

5776
05:34:55,300 --> 05:34:57,500
stock. 
It's nice to see new people get 

5777
05:34:57,500 --> 05:34:59,400
settled into the traditional 
dance of business. 

5778
05:34:59,400 --> 05:35:02,500
The marketplace takes on a 
different identity as the day 

5779
05:35:02,500 --> 05:35:04,900
comes to an end. 
People seem to think that the 

5780
05:35:04,900 --> 05:35:07,400
serious business of buying and 
selling is giving way to the 

5781
05:35:07,408 --> 05:35:09,600
social side of Market life as 
talks. 

5782
05:35:09,600 --> 05:35:12,500
Get more casual and 
transactions, become less tense,

5783
05:35:12,500 --> 05:35:15,700
regular customers and sellers, 
talk about neighborhood, gossip 

5784
05:35:15,700 --> 05:35:17,900
family news and what they expect
to sell to sell tomorrow. 

5785
05:35:17,900 --> 05:35:20,900
Kids who have been stuck indoors
because of the Heat come out 

5786
05:35:20,900 --> 05:35:24,200
with their parents and add their
voices to the subtle murmur of 

5787
05:35:24,200 --> 05:35:27,000
evening Commerce. 
The well-dressed woman who was 

5788
05:35:27,000 --> 05:35:30,200
your first customer of the day 
comes back with two companions 

5789
05:35:30,200 --> 05:35:31,900
who are clearly from out of 
town. 

5790
05:35:31,908 --> 05:35:34,500
This leads to your last big 
transaction of the day. 

5791
05:35:34,500 --> 05:35:38,000
Something you didn't expect. 
She talks about your herb 

5792
05:35:38,000 --> 05:35:39,800
infused oils. 
With the eagerness of someone 

5793
05:35:39,800 --> 05:35:42,900
who has already used the oil, 
she bought in the morning and is

5794
05:35:42,900 --> 05:35:45,500
happy with the results. 
You mentally, note your friends 

5795
05:35:45,500 --> 05:35:49,000
choices for later, use when they
buy in bulk as the sun sets 

5796
05:35:49,000 --> 05:35:52,500
painting, the Western sky with 
pink and gold colors, that would

5797
05:35:52,508 --> 05:35:54,300
make even the gods. 
Stop and stare. 

5798
05:35:54,300 --> 05:35:57,500
You begin, the process of 
closing down your stall for the 

5799
05:35:57,500 --> 05:36:01,300
day, your coin purse, which is 
substantially heavier now than 

5800
05:36:01,300 --> 05:36:05,400
it was at Daybreak represents 
both your financial success and 

5801
05:36:05,400 --> 05:36:08,700
the satisfaction that comes from
pairing high quality Goods with 

5802
05:36:08,700 --> 05:36:11,900
happy clients all day long. 
The last of the goods are 

5803
05:36:11,900 --> 05:36:15,000
carefully packaged for 
tomorrow's Market, each box is 

5804
05:36:15,000 --> 05:36:17,600
wrapped and secured so that they
will be in perfect shape for 

5805
05:36:17,600 --> 05:36:21,300
another day of probable sales. 
Your read mat, which has been a 

5806
05:36:21,300 --> 05:36:24,300
loyal friend on many Market days
is folded with the respect that 

5807
05:36:24,300 --> 05:36:26,300
comes from a reliable business 
partner. 

5808
05:36:26,300 --> 05:36:29,000
You take apart the wooden 
platform that contains your 

5809
05:36:29,000 --> 05:36:30,900
special oils and store it with 
your other tools. 

5810
05:36:31,800 --> 05:36:34,700
The market square around you 
steadily empties out as other 

5811
05:36:34,700 --> 05:36:36,800
vendors conclude their own 
closing tasks. 

5812
05:36:36,800 --> 05:36:39,600
Some people are packing up empty
containers with happy 

5813
05:36:39,600 --> 05:36:43,700
Expressions, after selling out, 
Others who might not be as lucky

5814
05:36:43,700 --> 05:36:47,400
or experienced emerging their 
leftover goods and getting ready

5815
05:36:47,400 --> 05:36:50,000
for tomorrow's event. 
No matter what happens today, 

5816
05:36:50,000 --> 05:36:53,500
tomorrow brings new chances. 
This shows that the merchants 

5817
05:36:53,500 --> 05:36:55,100
are always hopeful in every 
face. 

5818
05:36:55,800 --> 05:36:58,100
Walking home through 
Alexandria's quiet evening. 

5819
05:36:58,100 --> 05:37:01,400
Streets is a nice break from The
Busy Market Commerce and the 

5820
05:37:01,400 --> 05:37:03,000
more subtle pleasures of daily 
life. 

5821
05:37:03,000 --> 05:37:06,200
Your leather bag, which now 
houses currency instead of 

5822
05:37:06,200 --> 05:37:08,600
products pleasantly brushes 
against your hip. 

5823
05:37:08,600 --> 05:37:11,500
With each stride, reminding you 
of what you've done that day. 

5824
05:37:12,200 --> 05:37:14,700
The cobblestones under your 
sandals, feel nice and familiar.

5825
05:37:14,700 --> 05:37:18,000
They are still warm from the 
days heat but not too hot. 

5826
05:37:18,800 --> 05:37:21,200
As people in the city, like 
their oil lamps and the smell of

5827
05:37:21,200 --> 05:37:24,400
dinner cooking, wafts Through 
the Windows and Doors, the city,

5828
05:37:24,400 --> 05:37:28,100
relaxes into its nightly Rhythm,
you smile at the prospect that 

5829
05:37:28,100 --> 05:37:30,300
the money you made this morning.
Might go toward the family 

5830
05:37:30,300 --> 05:37:33,300
dinner tonight. 
Someone nearby is cooking fish 

5831
05:37:33,300 --> 05:37:34,600
with herbs. 
That smell a lot. 

5832
05:37:34,608 --> 05:37:36,600
Like the ones you use in your 
own personal blend. 

5833
05:37:36,600 --> 05:37:39,400
If it feels great to know that 
your work helps people get 

5834
05:37:39,400 --> 05:37:40,900
together over good food and 
meals. 

5835
05:37:41,600 --> 05:37:44,200
You buy a loaf of bread from the
bakery, where you've been a 

5836
05:37:44,200 --> 05:37:47,500
regular customer for 15 years. 
The bread is still warm from the

5837
05:37:47,500 --> 05:37:49,800
ovens. 
The heavy set, man, who works as

5838
05:37:49,800 --> 05:37:53,300
a baker and constantly has flour
on his apron, asks, about your 

5839
05:37:53,300 --> 05:37:56,700
day, with the genuine interests 
of a small company owner, 

5840
05:37:56,700 --> 05:38:00,500
inquiring about another and not 
of approval and a loaf of bread 

5841
05:38:00,500 --> 05:38:02,100
that is a little bigger than 
what you paid for. 

5842
05:38:02,100 --> 05:38:05,100
Are the fruits of your short 
report of steady sales and happy

5843
05:38:05,100 --> 05:38:07,500
customers. 
This is the kind of small 

5844
05:38:07,500 --> 05:38:10,100
gesture of kindness, that makes 
a local business feel like a 

5845
05:38:10,100 --> 05:38:12,300
community instead of just a 
transaction. 

5846
05:38:13,400 --> 05:38:16,200
The Narrow Street that connects 
to your home and store feels 

5847
05:38:16,200 --> 05:38:19,100
like a safe place after the 
Market Square is so bustling. 

5848
05:38:19,100 --> 05:38:22,600
The voice is a softer. 
The tempo is slow and the 

5849
05:38:22,608 --> 05:38:26,300
problems are more personal than 
business-related kids play games

5850
05:38:26,300 --> 05:38:29,400
and small Courtyards and their 
laughter Echoes off the old 

5851
05:38:29,400 --> 05:38:31,400
stone walls. 
That have seen many nights like 

5852
05:38:31,400 --> 05:38:34,600
these elderly people sit at 
doorways and watch the world go 

5853
05:38:34,600 --> 05:38:37,200
by, with the patient to tension 
of individuals who have learned 

5854
05:38:37,200 --> 05:38:39,100
to enjoy the drama of Every Day,
Life. 

5855
05:38:39,900 --> 05:38:42,100
As you walk in to your shop, 
which is been locked since 

5856
05:38:42,100 --> 05:38:45,900
Daybreak, The Familiar smell of 
olive oil and the faint floral 

5857
05:38:45,900 --> 05:38:47,700
notes, that fill the whole 
building Greek. 

5858
05:38:47,700 --> 05:38:51,300
You the huge storage and foreign
which stand, like motionless 

5859
05:38:51,300 --> 05:38:54,500
guards in the darkening Sky. 
Hold both the wealth of the 

5860
05:38:54,500 --> 05:38:57,600
present and the promise of the 
future tomorrow, you'll need to 

5861
05:38:57,600 --> 05:39:00,200
restart some items. 
Maybe test out a new herb 

5862
05:39:00,200 --> 05:39:02,100
combination that came to you 
while you were talking to 

5863
05:39:02,100 --> 05:39:05,400
clients today and definitely 
organized the best possible mix 

5864
05:39:05,400 --> 05:39:07,100
of products for another day in 
the market. 

5865
05:39:08,300 --> 05:39:12,000
The stairs to your living space 
Creek, their nightly greeting, 

5866
05:39:12,000 --> 05:39:14,400
as you climb to the chamber, 
that serves as both a bedroom 

5867
05:39:14,400 --> 05:39:16,500
and a quiet escape from the 
business World below. 

5868
05:39:16,500 --> 05:39:19,800
You may finally relax here 
surrounded by things that tell 

5869
05:39:19,800 --> 05:39:21,600
the story of your 20 years as a 
merchant. 

5870
05:39:21,600 --> 05:39:25,000
The bronze mirror shows a face 
that is pleasantly tired from 

5871
05:39:25,000 --> 05:39:28,400
both mental and physical effort,
which is different from just 

5872
05:39:28,400 --> 05:39:30,700
being tired. 
You count the money, you 

5873
05:39:30,700 --> 05:39:33,000
generate every day because you 
need to keep an eye on your 

5874
05:39:33,000 --> 05:39:36,800
business's health and prepare 
for future purchases and 

5875
05:39:36,800 --> 05:39:38,900
Investments. 
Not because you want to the 

5876
05:39:38,900 --> 05:39:41,600
coins are more than just money, 
they show that you have good 

5877
05:39:41,600 --> 05:39:44,300
relationships with your 
customers, that your pricing and

5878
05:39:44,300 --> 05:39:47,000
quality judgement are still good
and that you'll have enough 

5879
05:39:47,000 --> 05:39:50,100
resources for New Opportunities.
When the Market opens tomorrow, 

5880
05:39:50,100 --> 05:39:53,300
you make the evening meal with 
food, you bought on your way 

5881
05:39:53,300 --> 05:39:56,300
home and it becomes a private 
celebration of the day's work. 

5882
05:39:56,300 --> 05:39:59,200
A simple but full dinner made 
with bread from your local 

5883
05:39:59,200 --> 05:40:02,900
bakery cheese, from the seller 
to blocks away and a little bit 

5884
05:40:02,900 --> 05:40:04,700
of your own. 
Best olive oil connects you to 

5885
05:40:04,700 --> 05:40:07,700
the business and community that 
makes Alexandria such a terrific

5886
05:40:07,700 --> 05:40:13,600
place to live and work. 
As knight sets and the sounds of

5887
05:40:13,608 --> 05:40:17,700
the evening distant chatter, the
clip-clop of late Travelers 

5888
05:40:17,700 --> 05:40:20,000
donkeys, and the closing of 
shutters and doors. 

5889
05:40:20,000 --> 05:40:22,600
Create the sweet Lullaby of 
urban life. 

5890
05:40:22,600 --> 05:40:26,200
Winding down, you think about 
the routines and joys of the 

5891
05:40:26,200 --> 05:40:29,700
merchants existence each day 
brings new challenges and 

5892
05:40:29,700 --> 05:40:32,500
rewards the new group of people 
with different needs and 

5893
05:40:32,500 --> 05:40:35,900
personalities and opportunities,
to match products with clients 

5894
05:40:35,900 --> 05:40:39,900
who will really utilize them. 
As you get ready for bed, the 

5895
05:40:39,900 --> 05:40:43,300
lamp flame, flickers, softly 
making Shadows danced, on the 

5896
05:40:43,300 --> 05:40:45,600
walls that have kept. 
You safe during good times and 

5897
05:40:45,600 --> 05:40:47,900
bad when Alexandria was doing 
well. 

5898
05:40:47,900 --> 05:40:51,400
And when politics May trade 
harder, the basic appeal of 

5899
05:40:51,408 --> 05:40:54,800
being a merchant has never 
changed the satisfaction of 

5900
05:40:54,800 --> 05:40:57,000
delivering high-quality Goods to
happy customers. 

5901
05:40:57,000 --> 05:41:00,400
The intellectual challenge of 
understanding markets and people

5902
05:41:00,400 --> 05:41:03,600
equally well and the knowledge 
that your work is helping the 

5903
05:41:03,600 --> 05:41:07,300
great human effort to provide 
food shelter and care for one 

5904
05:41:07,300 --> 05:41:09,600
another. 
Tomorrow will bring a fresh 

5905
05:41:09,600 --> 05:41:12,000
opportunity to do business 
ethically, and one of the 

5906
05:41:12,000 --> 05:41:15,100
biggest markets on the globe, 
you'll meet new clientele with 

5907
05:41:15,100 --> 05:41:18,100
different needs and tastes, and 
you'll have new chance to do 

5908
05:41:18,100 --> 05:41:20,500
business ethically. 
You can rest easy tonight 

5909
05:41:20,500 --> 05:41:23,200
knowing that you did a good job 
kept your relationship strong 

5910
05:41:23,200 --> 05:41:26,100
and had another successful day 
in the endlessly, interesting, 

5911
05:41:26,100 --> 05:41:28,800
Business of Being Human where 
everyone needs something. 

5912
05:41:28,800 --> 05:41:32,400
And the wise Merchants Joy is in
helping and find it. 

5913
05:41:33,200 --> 05:41:35,400
The donkey next door. 
Seems happy with how he sang 

5914
05:41:35,400 --> 05:41:38,400
this morning and goes to sleep 
peacefully while Alexandria 

5915
05:41:38,400 --> 05:41:39,900
sleeps. 
The merchants of tomorrow 

5916
05:41:39,900 --> 05:41:41,400
already. 
Dreaming of mourning.