How Romance Meant Something Very Different Throughout History | Boring History for Sleep

1
00:00:00,000 --> 00:00:01,900
What is popping my tired, 
friends? 

2
00:00:01,900 --> 00:00:05,100
I definitely know you need the 
Sleep considering the day you 

3
00:00:05,108 --> 00:00:07,000
had. 
So let's snuggle up. 

4
00:00:07,700 --> 00:00:11,000
We begin with the story on what 
romance was like throughout 

5
00:00:11,000 --> 00:00:14,100
history. 
How did people learn to gain 

6
00:00:14,100 --> 00:00:17,000
feelings for each other? 
Do different things. 

7
00:00:17,000 --> 00:00:22,000
And why did they change so 
drastically through time from 

8
00:00:22,000 --> 00:00:25,400
the beginning to now? 
This is going to be a lovely 

9
00:00:25,400 --> 00:00:28,600
one. 
So before we start, I'd love to 

10
00:00:28,600 --> 00:00:32,000
know how life has been for you 
down below in the comments, if 

11
00:00:32,000 --> 00:00:35,200
you're giving our content a 
thumbs up and following the 

12
00:00:35,200 --> 00:00:39,300
channel, Now, turn on a fan for 
some noise and let's get some 

13
00:00:39,300 --> 00:00:45,700
sleep. 
There was a time long before 

14
00:00:45,700 --> 00:00:49,000
anyone thought to give it a name
when the thing we now call 

15
00:00:49,000 --> 00:00:51,500
romance simply did not exist in 
the way. 

16
00:00:51,500 --> 00:00:55,200
You might imagine it. 
People lived together, shared 

17
00:00:55,200 --> 00:00:58,700
their days raised children and 
grew old side by side. 

18
00:00:58,700 --> 00:01:02,600
But they did not speak of being 
in love the way we speak of it 

19
00:01:02,600 --> 00:01:05,600
now. 
They did not wander if they had 

20
00:01:05,600 --> 00:01:09,200
found the right person. 
They did not ask themselves 

21
00:01:09,200 --> 00:01:11,600
whether their hearts were full 
or empty. 

22
00:01:12,500 --> 00:01:17,400
They simply continued season 
after season in patterns that 

23
00:01:17,400 --> 00:01:21,900
had been laid down long before 
they were born. in those early 

24
00:01:21,900 --> 00:01:25,500
centuries in the cold, Northern 
forests in the warm river, 

25
00:01:25,500 --> 00:01:29,900
valleys where people first began
to settle, Survival was the 

26
00:01:29,900 --> 00:01:33,600
primary concern? 
A household needed. 

27
00:01:33,600 --> 00:01:37,900
Many hands. 
Fields needed, tending animals, 

28
00:01:37,900 --> 00:01:42,400
required care, children, needed 
raising, and the sick needed 

29
00:01:42,400 --> 00:01:45,600
minding. 
A partnership between two people

30
00:01:45,600 --> 00:01:48,400
was not about feeling that could
be named or examined. 

31
00:01:49,100 --> 00:01:52,600
It was about shared labor 
neutral support and the 

32
00:01:52,608 --> 00:01:57,700
continuation of her family line.
You chose someone or more often 

33
00:01:57,700 --> 00:02:01,600
your family chose someone for 
you based on practical 

34
00:02:01,600 --> 00:02:05,000
considerations. 
Did they come from a healthy 

35
00:02:05,000 --> 00:02:06,800
family? 
Could they work? 

36
00:02:07,800 --> 00:02:11,200
With the Union strength and ties
between neighboring, Farms or 

37
00:02:11,200 --> 00:02:14,300
villages. 
There was a quietness to these 

38
00:02:14,300 --> 00:02:17,400
Arrangements. 
A young woman might meet her 

39
00:02:17,400 --> 00:02:19,900
future. 
Husband only a handful of times 

40
00:02:19,900 --> 00:02:24,300
before their lives are joined. 
She would move into his family's

41
00:02:24,300 --> 00:02:29,500
home or he into hers and they 
would begin the slow process of 

42
00:02:29,500 --> 00:02:34,200
building a shared existence. 
In the mornings. 

43
00:02:34,200 --> 00:02:38,000
They Rose Before Dawn. 
They worked through the daylight

44
00:02:38,000 --> 00:02:41,700
hours, spoke little and ate 
their meals, in the company of 

45
00:02:41,700 --> 00:02:47,400
others. at night, they slept in 
the same space, Surrounded by 

46
00:02:47,400 --> 00:02:50,700
the sounds of the household 
settling into rest. 

47
00:02:52,300 --> 00:02:56,000
When it came was not assumed, it
was not required. 

48
00:02:56,800 --> 00:03:00,800
Some couples grew fond of each 
other over time, others remained

49
00:03:00,800 --> 00:03:04,000
cordial. 
But distant still others found a

50
00:03:04,000 --> 00:03:07,800
kind of companionship that had 
nothing to do with passion and 

51
00:03:07,800 --> 00:03:09,700
everything to do with 
familiarity. 

52
00:03:10,700 --> 00:03:13,700
They learned each other's 
rhythms, they went to speak. 

53
00:03:13,700 --> 00:03:18,900
And when to remain silent, They 
understood without words that 

54
00:03:18,900 --> 00:03:21,200
this was the shape, their lives 
would take. 

55
00:03:22,100 --> 00:03:24,800
There was no pressure to feel 
more than you felt. 

56
00:03:25,900 --> 00:03:30,000
If you woke beside someone and 
felt nothing in particular, that

57
00:03:30,000 --> 00:03:34,200
was not considered a failure. 
If you worked alongside them 

58
00:03:34,200 --> 00:03:37,300
year after year and developed a 
deep respect. 

59
00:03:38,300 --> 00:03:40,700
But no burning desire. 
That was acceptable. 

60
00:03:41,600 --> 00:03:46,200
Romance as an idea as an 
expectation had not yet taken 

61
00:03:46,200 --> 00:03:49,200
route. 
People simply lived with what 

62
00:03:49,200 --> 00:03:52,400
they had been given and they 
found meaning in the small 

63
00:03:52,400 --> 00:03:58,300
steady acts of daily existence. 
In the fields, a husband and 

64
00:03:58,300 --> 00:04:01,700
wife might work side by side for
hours without speaking. 

65
00:04:02,700 --> 00:04:06,300
He would cut the wheat and she 
would gather it into bundles. 

66
00:04:07,100 --> 00:04:10,700
They moved in parallel, their 
bodies synchronized by years of 

67
00:04:10,700 --> 00:04:13,500
practice. 
When they paused to rest, they 

68
00:04:13,500 --> 00:04:17,399
might share a piece of bread and
some water they might comment on

69
00:04:17,399 --> 00:04:19,399
the weather or the progress of 
the Harvest. 

70
00:04:20,300 --> 00:04:23,000
Then they would return to their 
work and the silence would 

71
00:04:23,000 --> 00:04:26,300
settle over them again, 
comfortable and unremarkable. 

72
00:04:27,600 --> 00:04:32,100
At night in the dim light of a 
single candle, or the glow of a 

73
00:04:32,100 --> 00:04:36,400
fire, they prepared for sleep. 
They removed their outer layers,

74
00:04:36,400 --> 00:04:40,400
dampened the flames, and lay 
down on their shared palette. 

75
00:04:41,700 --> 00:04:45,300
Sometimes they spoke briefly 
about the next day's tasks. 

76
00:04:46,300 --> 00:04:48,300
Sometimes they said nothing at 
all. 

77
00:04:49,300 --> 00:04:52,600
The intimacy between them was 
not charged with expectation. 

78
00:04:52,600 --> 00:04:57,800
It was simply the intimacy of 
two people who had chosen or had

79
00:04:57,800 --> 00:05:01,500
been chosen to share the hours 
of their lives. 

80
00:05:02,600 --> 00:05:06,300
Children came and the household 
grew noisier and more crowded. 

81
00:05:07,300 --> 00:05:10,800
The couples attention turned 
outward toward the needs of 

82
00:05:10,800 --> 00:05:14,600
their sons and daughters. 
They worked together to feed and

83
00:05:14,600 --> 00:05:16,800
clothe and protect. 
These new lives. 

84
00:05:16,800 --> 00:05:20,700
Their partnership deepened, not 
through romantic gestures. 

85
00:05:20,700 --> 00:05:25,200
But through shared purpose they 
were Bound by the demands of 

86
00:05:25,200 --> 00:05:29,700
Survival by The rhythms of 
planting and harvest, and by the

87
00:05:29,700 --> 00:05:32,800
cycles of birth and death that 
governed the world, they 

88
00:05:32,800 --> 00:05:36,400
inhabited When one of them fell 
ill. 

89
00:05:37,200 --> 00:05:41,100
The other tended to them. 
When times were hard, they 

90
00:05:41,100 --> 00:05:46,200
rationed, what they had and made
it last. when the windfall a 

91
00:05:46,200 --> 00:05:50,700
good harvest, or a healthy car, 
They allowed themselves a small 

92
00:05:50,700 --> 00:05:54,300
measure of relief. 
Their lives were woven together 

93
00:05:54,300 --> 00:05:57,800
by necessity and that necessity 
was enough. 

94
00:05:59,100 --> 00:06:01,400
It did not occur to them to ask 
for more. 

95
00:06:02,400 --> 00:06:05,200
This was the world before 
romance had a name. 

96
00:06:06,200 --> 00:06:09,500
Before anyone thought to 
separate love from the Practical

97
00:06:09,500 --> 00:06:13,500
realities of existence. 
It was world where Partnerships 

98
00:06:13,500 --> 00:06:17,400
were judged by their usefulness,
their stability, and their 

99
00:06:17,400 --> 00:06:20,900
ability to endure. 
And it was a world where many 

100
00:06:20,900 --> 00:06:24,500
people lived out their entire 
lives without ever experiencing 

101
00:06:24,500 --> 00:06:30,100
what we now call Falling in Love
As societies grew more complex, 

102
00:06:30,100 --> 00:06:35,100
as Villages became towns. 
And towns became cities, the 

103
00:06:35,100 --> 00:06:39,900
reasons for marriage began to 
shift, Families with land and 

104
00:06:39,900 --> 00:06:42,500
wealth needed to protect what 
they had built. 

105
00:06:43,300 --> 00:06:46,800
They needed to form alliances 
with other families to secure 

106
00:06:46,800 --> 00:06:50,100
their position and to ensure 
that their children would 

107
00:06:50,100 --> 00:06:55,800
inherit something of value. 
Marriage became a tool a way of 

108
00:06:55,808 --> 00:07:00,500
negotiating the future among 
those with property to protect 

109
00:07:00,500 --> 00:07:04,300
love was not the point. 
A father would look at his 

110
00:07:04,300 --> 00:07:07,900
daughter and see, not just a 
person, but a piece of the 

111
00:07:07,900 --> 00:07:10,200
larger puzzle of his family 
survival. 

112
00:07:11,200 --> 00:07:13,400
He would seek out a suitable 
match. 

113
00:07:14,200 --> 00:07:17,600
Someone from a family of equal 
or greater standing. 

114
00:07:17,600 --> 00:07:21,500
Someone who could bring 
advantage the young woman 

115
00:07:21,500 --> 00:07:23,800
herself, might have no say in 
the matter. 

116
00:07:24,700 --> 00:07:27,900
She might meet her intended, 
husband only once or twice 

117
00:07:27,900 --> 00:07:30,500
before the arrangements were 
finalized. 

118
00:07:30,500 --> 00:07:34,100
She might know nothing about 
him, except his name and the 

119
00:07:34,100 --> 00:07:40,900
size of his family's Holdings. 
The wedding when it came was a 

120
00:07:40,908 --> 00:07:44,100
formality. 
A public Declaration of an 

121
00:07:44,100 --> 00:07:47,800
agreement that had been made 
between families, It was 

122
00:07:47,808 --> 00:07:51,200
attended by relatives and 
neighbors witnessed by the 

123
00:07:51,200 --> 00:07:55,100
community. 
And then it was done, the young 

124
00:07:55,100 --> 00:07:58,900
couple returned to their home 
and the real work of their lives

125
00:07:58,900 --> 00:08:02,700
together began. 
In these arranged unions 

126
00:08:02,700 --> 00:08:07,100
affection was not expected on 
the first day or the first 

127
00:08:07,100 --> 00:08:13,000
month, or even the first year. 
It might never come at all. but 

128
00:08:13,000 --> 00:08:16,300
sometimes, slowly Quietly, it 
did. 

129
00:08:17,200 --> 00:08:21,200
A husband and wife who had begun
as strangers might find after 

130
00:08:21,200 --> 00:08:24,100
years of shared meals and shared
worries. 

131
00:08:24,800 --> 00:08:26,800
That they had grown accustomed 
to each other. 

132
00:08:27,700 --> 00:08:30,500
They might discover that they 
preferred each other's company 

133
00:08:30,500 --> 00:08:35,600
to Solitude, they might notice 
without ever speaking of it that

134
00:08:35,600 --> 00:08:39,400
they had become necessary to 
each other in small unspoken 

135
00:08:39,400 --> 00:08:42,600
ways. 
A woman might learn to recognize

136
00:08:42,600 --> 00:08:46,500
her husband's moods, by the way,
he held his shoulders, or the 

137
00:08:46,508 --> 00:08:50,200
tone of his voice. 
She might know when to offer him

138
00:08:50,200 --> 00:08:55,000
silenced, and when to speak, a 
man might notice his wife's 

139
00:08:55,000 --> 00:08:59,500
preferences, the food, she liked
the way she arranged the 

140
00:08:59,500 --> 00:09:03,900
household and the times of day, 
when she seemed most attendees. 

141
00:09:04,800 --> 00:09:08,500
He might begin to anticipate. 
Her needs to make small 

142
00:09:08,500 --> 00:09:11,800
adjustments in his own behavior 
to accommodate hers. 

143
00:09:13,400 --> 00:09:17,900
This kind of love if you could 
call it, that was built over 

144
00:09:17,900 --> 00:09:21,200
time. 
It was constructed from shared 

145
00:09:21,200 --> 00:09:25,700
experiences from weathering 
difficulties together and from 

146
00:09:25,700 --> 00:09:28,000
the accumulation of ordinary 
days. 

147
00:09:29,100 --> 00:09:32,100
It was not passionate or 
dramatic, it did not announce 

148
00:09:32,100 --> 00:09:36,600
itself. 
It's simply existed woven into 

149
00:09:36,600 --> 00:09:41,300
the fabric of daily life. 
There were couples, who never 

150
00:09:41,300 --> 00:09:45,000
achieved even this quiet 
fondness, they lived together 

151
00:09:45,000 --> 00:09:47,900
fulfilled. 
Their duties raised their 

152
00:09:47,908 --> 00:09:51,900
children and remained 
emotionally distant to the end. 

153
00:09:52,900 --> 00:09:56,900
This was not seen as a tragedy, 
it was simply the way things 

154
00:09:56,900 --> 00:09:59,800
were. 
Married was about stability 

155
00:09:59,800 --> 00:10:04,200
about maintaining the family 
line and about ensuring that 

156
00:10:04,200 --> 00:10:07,600
land and wealth passed from one 
generation to the next. 

157
00:10:08,800 --> 00:10:12,200
If affection grew along the way,
that was a pleasant bonus. 

158
00:10:12,200 --> 00:10:15,300
If it did, not, that was all so 
acceptable. 

159
00:10:16,900 --> 00:10:21,600
In the great houses among the 
nobility and marriages were even

160
00:10:21,600 --> 00:10:25,400
more carefully. 
Calculated A daughter might be 

161
00:10:25,400 --> 00:10:29,800
betrothed as a child her future 
determined before she had any 

162
00:10:29,800 --> 00:10:33,900
understanding of what it meant. 
She would grow up knowing the 

163
00:10:33,900 --> 00:10:35,200
name of the man, she would 
marry. 

164
00:10:35,900 --> 00:10:38,600
Knowing that her life had 
already been planned for her. 

165
00:10:39,500 --> 00:10:43,000
When the time came, she would be
dressed in fine clothes. 

166
00:10:43,800 --> 00:10:48,000
Paraded before Witnesses and 
handed over to a stranger who 

167
00:10:48,000 --> 00:10:52,200
had become her husband. 
These women often lived lives of

168
00:10:52,200 --> 00:10:55,700
great isolation. 
They were separated from their 

169
00:10:55,700 --> 00:10:59,000
families. 
Moved to distance to States and 

170
00:10:59,000 --> 00:11:02,600
expected to produce heirs and 
manage large households. 

171
00:11:03,500 --> 00:11:08,200
Their husbands might be kind or 
cool, attentive or in different.

172
00:11:09,100 --> 00:11:11,000
There was no way to know in 
advance. 

173
00:11:12,100 --> 00:11:15,400
The marriage had been arranged 
for reasons that had nothing to 

174
00:11:15,400 --> 00:11:19,400
do with compatibility or 
affection and the consequences 

175
00:11:19,400 --> 00:11:21,700
of that Arrangement had to be 
endured. 

176
00:11:22,700 --> 00:11:25,700
But even in these constrained 
circumstances, there were 

177
00:11:25,700 --> 00:11:29,700
moments of connection. 
A husband might notice his 

178
00:11:29,700 --> 00:11:33,100
wife's loneliness and make an 
effort to include her in 

179
00:11:33,100 --> 00:11:36,500
conversations. 
A wife might learn to appreciate

180
00:11:36,500 --> 00:11:41,100
her husband's strengths his 
intelligence or his sense of 

181
00:11:41,100 --> 00:11:46,000
fairness. they might find common
ground in their duties, in their

182
00:11:46,000 --> 00:11:50,100
shared responsibility, for the 
estate and the people who 

183
00:11:50,100 --> 00:11:54,800
depended on them, There were 
also couples who found genuine 

184
00:11:54,800 --> 00:11:58,100
partnership within the bounds of
their arranged marriages. 

185
00:11:59,200 --> 00:12:04,500
They learned to work together to
trust each other and to rely on 

186
00:12:04,500 --> 00:12:08,400
each other's judgment. 
They became allies navigating 

187
00:12:08,400 --> 00:12:11,300
the complexities of family 
politics and social 

188
00:12:11,300 --> 00:12:14,900
expectations. 
Their bond was not romantic in 

189
00:12:14,900 --> 00:12:19,100
the way we understand it now, 
but it was real and it mattered 

190
00:12:19,100 --> 00:12:22,200
to them. 
The letters that survived from 

191
00:12:22,200 --> 00:12:27,300
these times, the few that were 
saved and passed down revealed 

192
00:12:27,300 --> 00:12:29,300
glimpses of this kind of 
affection. 

193
00:12:30,400 --> 00:12:34,400
The husband writing to his wife 
while away on business might ask

194
00:12:34,400 --> 00:12:39,200
about her health Express concern
for her well-being and send 

195
00:12:39,200 --> 00:12:41,000
instructions for managing the 
household. 

196
00:12:42,300 --> 00:12:46,300
A wife might reply with news of 
the children updates on the 

197
00:12:46,300 --> 00:12:50,000
estate and small observations 
about daily life. 

198
00:12:51,200 --> 00:12:55,100
The tone of these letters was 
often formal even between 

199
00:12:55,100 --> 00:12:59,100
couples who had been married for
decades, But beneath the 

200
00:12:59,100 --> 00:13:03,800
formality, there was often care.
The genuine interest in the 

201
00:13:03,800 --> 00:13:09,000
other person's welfare. 
This was loved as Duty love is 

202
00:13:09,000 --> 00:13:12,300
responsibility. 
Love That Grew slowly within the

203
00:13:12,300 --> 00:13:14,400
structures that Society had 
built. 

204
00:13:15,100 --> 00:13:20,500
It was not the love of poetry or
song, it was quieter steadier 

205
00:13:20,500 --> 00:13:24,500
and less visible. 
But for many people, it was in 

206
00:13:24,500 --> 00:13:27,400
enough. 
And then something began to 

207
00:13:27,400 --> 00:13:30,600
change. 
In the courts of medieval Europe

208
00:13:30,600 --> 00:13:33,800
among the nobility in the 
educated classes. 

209
00:13:33,800 --> 00:13:37,000
A new idea of Love began to take
shape. 

210
00:13:37,000 --> 00:13:41,300
It was called courtly love and 
it was unlike anything with the 

211
00:13:41,300 --> 00:13:44,600
come before. 
Courtly love was not about 

212
00:13:44,600 --> 00:13:47,900
marriage or partnership or 
practical concerns. 

213
00:13:47,900 --> 00:13:51,000
It was about longing about 
desire. 

214
00:13:51,000 --> 00:13:55,200
That remained unfulfilled about 
the Exquisite pain of loving 

215
00:13:55,200 --> 00:13:57,800
someone. 
You could not have It was 

216
00:13:57,808 --> 00:14:02,000
expressed through poetry through
song and through elaborate 

217
00:14:02,000 --> 00:14:06,300
rituals of devotional. 
A night might dedicate himself 

218
00:14:06,300 --> 00:14:11,900
to a lady often, a married woman
of higher status and spend years

219
00:14:11,900 --> 00:14:15,600
in her service. 
Performing deeds in her honor 

220
00:14:15,600 --> 00:14:20,100
and composing verses to 
celebrate her beauty and virtue.

221
00:14:21,100 --> 00:14:24,900
The lady for her part was 
expected to remain distant and 

222
00:14:24,900 --> 00:14:27,700
unattainable. 
She might acknowledge the 

223
00:14:27,700 --> 00:14:31,900
knights devotional with a glance
or a small token but she would 

224
00:14:31,900 --> 00:14:35,300
not offer herself to him the 
entire point of courtly. 

225
00:14:35,300 --> 00:14:38,900
Love was the restraint the 
discipline of loving without 

226
00:14:38,900 --> 00:14:42,400
possessing of Desiring with 
without consummating. 

227
00:14:43,900 --> 00:14:48,200
This was romance as a kind of 
game, a structured set of 

228
00:14:48,200 --> 00:14:51,100
behaviors governed by rules and 
expectations. 

229
00:14:52,100 --> 00:14:56,200
It existed primarily in 
imagination in the space between

230
00:14:56,200 --> 00:14:58,600
what was and what could be 
expressed? 

231
00:14:59,900 --> 00:15:03,900
Between longing and fulfillment.
It was meant to elevate, the 

232
00:15:03,900 --> 00:15:07,900
lover to refine his character 
through the experience of 

233
00:15:07,900 --> 00:15:13,100
unrequited devotional. 
In the great Halls at festivals 

234
00:15:13,100 --> 00:15:16,600
and Gatherings nights would 
recite their poems. 

235
00:15:16,600 --> 00:15:19,300
Musicians would sing of 
impossible? 

236
00:15:19,300 --> 00:15:23,800
Love and the ladies would listen
with expressions of gracious 

237
00:15:23,800 --> 00:15:27,000
approval. 
The entire performance was 

238
00:15:27,000 --> 00:15:31,600
carefully choreographed. 
A way of channeling desire into 

239
00:15:31,600 --> 00:15:35,600
something acceptable, something 
that could be displayed in 

240
00:15:35,600 --> 00:15:38,000
public without threatening the 
social order. 

241
00:15:39,100 --> 00:15:43,200
But beneath the performance 
beneath the elaborate codes of 

242
00:15:43,200 --> 00:15:47,100
conduct. 
There were real feelings, a 

243
00:15:47,100 --> 00:15:50,200
young Knight spending hours, 
composing a poem for a lady. 

244
00:15:50,200 --> 00:15:54,600
He barely knew Like genuinely 
feel the stirring of something 

245
00:15:54,600 --> 00:15:58,400
intense. 
A married woman listening to a 

246
00:15:58,400 --> 00:16:03,300
song written in her honor might 
feel a flutter of pleasure, a 

247
00:16:03,300 --> 00:16:06,900
moment of being seen and valued 
in a way that her arranged 

248
00:16:06,900 --> 00:16:11,100
marriage did not provide. 
These feelings were dangerous, 

249
00:16:11,100 --> 00:16:15,400
of course, they threatened, the 
stability of marriages, the 

250
00:16:15,400 --> 00:16:19,900
orderly transfer of property and
the alliance's that held Society

251
00:16:19,900 --> 00:16:23,900
together. 
And so they were contained 

252
00:16:23,900 --> 00:16:27,700
within the framework of courtly 
love allowed to exist. 

253
00:16:27,700 --> 00:16:31,500
As long as they remained 
unfulfilled as long as they did 

254
00:16:31,500 --> 00:16:35,900
not cross the line into actual 
adultery for some this was 

255
00:16:35,900 --> 00:16:39,900
enough. 
The experience of loving from a 

256
00:16:39,900 --> 00:16:44,100
distance. 
Of carrying a secret devotion. 

257
00:16:44,100 --> 00:16:49,000
Provided a kind of emotional 
richness that their daily lives 

258
00:16:49,000 --> 00:16:51,200
lacked. 
They could live out their 

259
00:16:51,200 --> 00:16:54,500
practical, dutiful marriages 
while maintaining this other 

260
00:16:54,500 --> 00:16:58,400
more elevated form of affection 
in the realm of imagination. 

261
00:16:59,900 --> 00:17:03,700
For others, the gap between 
courtly love and real life was 

262
00:17:03,700 --> 00:17:06,800
painful. 
They felt the intensity of their

263
00:17:06,800 --> 00:17:10,300
longing and chafed against the 
restrictions that prevented them

264
00:17:10,300 --> 00:17:13,900
from acting on it. 
Some crossed the line conducting

265
00:17:13,900 --> 00:17:18,000
secret Affairs that could if 
discovered destroy their 

266
00:17:18,000 --> 00:17:21,800
reputations and their families, 
But most did not. 

267
00:17:22,800 --> 00:17:27,800
Most accepted the rules of the 
game and found satisfaction in 

268
00:17:27,800 --> 00:17:30,000
the ritualized expression of 
feelings. 

269
00:17:30,000 --> 00:17:34,700
They could never fully act upon 
The literature of this period is

270
00:17:34,700 --> 00:17:39,100
filled with stories of knights 
and Ladies of impossible love 

271
00:17:39,100 --> 00:17:43,200
and Noble suffering. 
These stories were enormously 

272
00:17:43,200 --> 00:17:47,800
popular copied and shared and 
recited across Europe. 

273
00:17:48,500 --> 00:17:51,200
They shaped people's 
understanding of what love could

274
00:17:51,200 --> 00:17:55,700
be and what it should feel like.
They introduced the idea that 

275
00:17:55,700 --> 00:17:59,600
love was not just a practical 
Arrangement or a slow growing 

276
00:17:59,600 --> 00:18:03,700
affection but an intense 
emotional experience. 

277
00:18:04,600 --> 00:18:08,900
Something that could consume you
something worth suffering for? 

278
00:18:10,600 --> 00:18:13,800
But it is important to remember 
that this ideal existed, 

279
00:18:13,800 --> 00:18:17,900
primarily among the aristocracy 
among people who have the 

280
00:18:17,900 --> 00:18:21,300
Leisure and the education to 
engage with such Concepts. 

281
00:18:22,500 --> 00:18:26,300
For the vast majority of people,
the farmers and laborers and 

282
00:18:26,300 --> 00:18:30,500
craftsmen, who made up most of 
the population, courtly love was

283
00:18:30,500 --> 00:18:33,600
a relevant. 
They continued to marry for 

284
00:18:33,600 --> 00:18:38,200
practical reasons to build their
lives around work and family and

285
00:18:38,200 --> 00:18:42,600
to experience affection. 
If at all inquired and dramatic 

286
00:18:42,600 --> 00:18:46,800
ways. 
Even among the nobility courtly 

287
00:18:46,800 --> 00:18:49,700
love was more of an ideal than a
reality. 

288
00:18:50,700 --> 00:18:54,800
It was something people aspired 
to performed an imagined. 

289
00:18:55,400 --> 00:18:57,900
But it did not replace the 
actual marriages. 

290
00:18:57,900 --> 00:19:02,400
They lived with day after day a 
night, might dedicate poems to a

291
00:19:02,400 --> 00:19:06,800
distant lady and then returned 
home to his wife with whom, he 

292
00:19:06,800 --> 00:19:11,800
had a perfectly functional, if 
unromantic relationship The two 

293
00:19:11,800 --> 00:19:16,600
existed in separates. 
Fears one public an idealized, 

294
00:19:16,600 --> 00:19:22,500
the other private and practical.
Over time the ideals of courtly 

295
00:19:22,500 --> 00:19:25,700
love began to influence how 
people thought about marriage 

296
00:19:25,700 --> 00:19:28,600
itself. 
The idea that love should 

297
00:19:28,600 --> 00:19:32,700
involve intense emotion that it 
should be a matter of personal 

298
00:19:32,700 --> 00:19:37,000
choice rather than family 
Arrangement began to take root. 

299
00:19:38,000 --> 00:19:41,600
It would be centuries before 
these ideas became widespread. 

300
00:19:42,800 --> 00:19:46,500
Before they filtered down 
through society and began to 

301
00:19:46,500 --> 00:19:49,600
change how Ordinary People 
approached relationships. 

302
00:19:51,300 --> 00:19:55,400
But the seeds were planted in. 
Those medieval courts in those 

303
00:19:55,400 --> 00:19:59,300
poems and songs about longing 
and restraint and Noble 

304
00:19:59,300 --> 00:20:03,200
suffering. 
As the centuries passed, a 

305
00:20:03,200 --> 00:20:08,200
society's changed and evolved. 
Love began to shift once more. 

306
00:20:09,100 --> 00:20:12,600
It became less about public 
performance and more about 

307
00:20:12,600 --> 00:20:15,900
private feeling. 
People started to believe that 

308
00:20:15,900 --> 00:20:19,800
What mattered most was not the 
outward display of devotion, but

309
00:20:19,800 --> 00:20:24,400
the internal experience of 
emotion, letters became 

310
00:20:24,400 --> 00:20:28,000
important. 
The ability to write to express,

311
00:20:28,000 --> 00:20:31,608
one's thoughts, and feelings in 
words, became a way of 

312
00:20:31,616 --> 00:20:34,400
demonstrating the depth of one's
affection. 

313
00:20:35,500 --> 00:20:39,100
A young man courting a young 
woman, might spend hours 

314
00:20:39,100 --> 00:20:42,500
composing a letter. 
Choosing each word carefully 

315
00:20:42,500 --> 00:20:46,400
trying to convey the sincerity 
of his feelings. 

316
00:20:47,300 --> 00:20:52,000
He would seal the letter, send 
it, and then wait, anxiously for

317
00:20:52,000 --> 00:20:55,900
her reply. 
The woman, receiving the letter 

318
00:20:55,900 --> 00:21:00,300
would read it in private. 
She would examine his words, 

319
00:21:00,300 --> 00:21:04,900
looking for signs of genuine 
emotion for evidence that he 

320
00:21:04,900 --> 00:21:08,200
understood her. 
That he saw her as a person 

321
00:21:08,200 --> 00:21:10,300
rather than just a potential 
wife. 

322
00:21:10,300 --> 00:21:14,800
If his words moved her, If they 
revealed something about his 

323
00:21:14,800 --> 00:21:19,000
character that she admired. 
She might allow herself to feel 

324
00:21:19,000 --> 00:21:22,100
a cautious, hope that this match
could bring her happiness. 

325
00:21:23,400 --> 00:21:27,700
This exchange of letters was a 
new kind of courtship one that 

326
00:21:27,700 --> 00:21:33,600
emphasized emotional connection 
over practical considerations It

327
00:21:33,608 --> 00:21:37,100
allowed two people to get to 
know each other to share their 

328
00:21:37,100 --> 00:21:40,600
thoughts and feelings before 
committing to marriage. 

329
00:21:41,500 --> 00:21:44,600
It gave them a space to explore,
whether they were compatible, 

330
00:21:44,600 --> 00:21:47,900
whether they could imagine 
building a life together. 

331
00:21:49,100 --> 00:21:53,200
But even as this new idea of 
emotional connection gained 

332
00:21:53,200 --> 00:21:58,900
ground, the Practical reality of
marriage remained Families. 

333
00:21:58,900 --> 00:22:03,600
Still, negotiated still 
considered wealth and status and

334
00:22:03,600 --> 00:22:06,800
still made arrangements. 
The difference was that? 

335
00:22:06,800 --> 00:22:09,800
Now if the couple was fortunate 
that there might be some 

336
00:22:09,800 --> 00:22:13,800
affection, some genuine feeling,
alongside the Practical 

337
00:22:13,800 --> 00:22:17,600
consideration. 
In the growing middle classes 

338
00:22:17,600 --> 00:22:21,400
among merchants and 
professionals this emotional 

339
00:22:21,400 --> 00:22:24,300
approach to love became 
increasingly common. 

340
00:22:25,300 --> 00:22:29,100
These were people who had some 
choice in their lives, some 

341
00:22:29,100 --> 00:22:31,400
ability to shape their own 
Futures. 

342
00:22:31,400 --> 00:22:35,800
They were not as constrained, by
the rigid, expectations of the 

343
00:22:35,800 --> 00:22:40,400
aristocracy Nora's limited by 
the survival concerns of the 

344
00:22:40,400 --> 00:22:42,700
poor. 
They could afford to care about 

345
00:22:42,700 --> 00:22:46,300
compatibility and about shared 
interests and values. 

346
00:22:47,600 --> 00:22:50,600
A young woman in this world 
might meet several potential 

347
00:22:50,600 --> 00:22:54,200
suitors before choosing one. 
She might attend social, 

348
00:22:54,200 --> 00:22:57,900
Gatherings participating 
conversations and observe how 

349
00:22:57,900 --> 00:23:01,600
different men behaved. 
She might consult with her 

350
00:23:01,600 --> 00:23:05,400
parents but she also had some 
say in the decision. 

351
00:23:05,400 --> 00:23:10,200
If she felt no affection for a 
man, if the idea of spending her

352
00:23:10,200 --> 00:23:14,000
life with him left her cold, she
might be able to refuse him. 

353
00:23:15,000 --> 00:23:18,400
The man, for his part was 
expected to court her properly. 

354
00:23:19,200 --> 00:23:23,500
He would visit her home, bring 
small gifts and engage her in 

355
00:23:23,500 --> 00:23:29,100
conversation. he would try to 
demonstrate his worthiness, his 

356
00:23:29,100 --> 00:23:33,400
ability to provide for her and 
his respect for her as a purse 

357
00:23:33,400 --> 00:23:38,000
and he would pay attention to 
her preferences, her opinions 

358
00:23:38,000 --> 00:23:43,200
and things that mattered to her.
He would try to win, not just 

359
00:23:43,200 --> 00:23:46,100
her hand. 
But also her heart. 

360
00:23:47,500 --> 00:23:54,000
This courtship process could 
take months or even years. there

361
00:23:54,000 --> 00:23:57,900
was a sense that these decisions
mattered, That choosing the 

362
00:23:57,908 --> 00:24:00,900
right partner, could mean the 
difference between a happy life 

363
00:24:00,900 --> 00:24:04,100
and a miserable. 
One people began to believe that

364
00:24:04,100 --> 00:24:08,100
they deserve to feel something 
for the person they married that

365
00:24:08,100 --> 00:24:11,400
affection was not just a bonus 
but a necessity. 

366
00:24:12,600 --> 00:24:16,100
When a couple married with 
genuine feeling when they had 

367
00:24:16,100 --> 00:24:19,800
spent time getting to know each 
other and had chosen each other 

368
00:24:19,800 --> 00:24:23,700
for emotional as well as 
practical reasons, their 

369
00:24:23,700 --> 00:24:25,300
relationship had a different 
quality. 

370
00:24:26,600 --> 00:24:30,900
They shared confidence is 
discussed their hopes and fears 

371
00:24:30,900 --> 00:24:34,000
and turned to each other for 
comfort and support. 

372
00:24:35,800 --> 00:24:38,500
And to see their spouse, not 
just as a partner in the 

373
00:24:38,508 --> 00:24:43,300
Practical business of life. 
But as a companion, someone who 

374
00:24:43,300 --> 00:24:48,700
understood them in a deeper way.
this emotional intimacy was new 

375
00:24:48,700 --> 00:24:52,800
it required trust, 
vulnerability, and the 

376
00:24:52,800 --> 00:24:57,000
willingness to reveal oneself to
another person, it meant 

377
00:24:57,000 --> 00:25:00,900
sharing, not just the external 
facts of your life but the 

378
00:25:00,900 --> 00:25:04,800
internal landscape of your 
thoughts and Feelings. 

379
00:25:04,800 --> 00:25:07,800
It meant believing that the 
other person cared about your 

380
00:25:07,800 --> 00:25:13,000
inner life that they wanted to 
know you fully Tokens became 

381
00:25:13,000 --> 00:25:15,500
important symbols of this. 
New kind of love. 

382
00:25:16,400 --> 00:25:19,600
A man might give a woman a 
locket, containing his portrait 

383
00:25:19,600 --> 00:25:24,700
or a ribbon or a pressed flower.
These objects had no practical 

384
00:25:24,700 --> 00:25:29,000
value, but they represented the 
emotional bond between the two 

385
00:25:29,000 --> 00:25:31,900
people. 
The woman would keep the token 

386
00:25:31,900 --> 00:25:36,500
close where it or carry it with 
her as a reminder of his 

387
00:25:36,500 --> 00:25:41,300
affection and her own feeling. 
The giving and receiving of 

388
00:25:41,300 --> 00:25:45,700
token's was a way of making the 
invisible visible of creating a 

389
00:25:45,700 --> 00:25:48,800
physical representation of 
emotional connection. 

390
00:25:48,800 --> 00:25:53,500
It was a way of creating memory 
of marking moments that 

391
00:25:53,500 --> 00:25:55,600
mattered. 
Years later. 

392
00:25:55,600 --> 00:25:58,000
A couple might look at the 
tokens. 

393
00:25:58,000 --> 00:26:01,900
They had exchanged during their 
courtship and remember what, 

394
00:26:01,900 --> 00:26:06,300
they had felt how they had 
chosen each other and how their 

395
00:26:06,300 --> 00:26:10,500
love had begun. 
As emotional connection became 

396
00:26:10,500 --> 00:26:13,500
more important. 
People also became more 

397
00:26:13,500 --> 00:26:15,600
reflective about their own 
feelings. 

398
00:26:15,600 --> 00:26:19,900
They began to pay attention to 
their internal states, to 

399
00:26:19,900 --> 00:26:24,000
examine their emotions and to 
ask themselves what they wanted 

400
00:26:24,000 --> 00:26:29,400
and needed from a relationship. 
This inward turn was partly a 

401
00:26:29,400 --> 00:26:33,300
result of increasing literacy 
and of the spread of books and 

402
00:26:33,300 --> 00:26:36,000
ideas that encouraged 
self-examination. 

403
00:26:36,800 --> 00:26:41,100
It was also a result of changing
social conditions of more people

404
00:26:41,100 --> 00:26:44,300
having the time and freedom to 
think about such things. 

405
00:26:45,300 --> 00:26:48,500
Romance was no longer something 
that existed outside of 

406
00:26:48,500 --> 00:26:52,300
yourself. 
In performance or ritual or 

407
00:26:52,300 --> 00:26:55,200
Arrangement? 
It was becoming something 

408
00:26:55,200 --> 00:26:58,500
internal something that happened
in your own heart. 

409
00:26:58,500 --> 00:27:03,200
And mind, you could be in love. 
And that state of being in love 

410
00:27:03,200 --> 00:27:07,900
was seen as valuable in itself, 
regardless of whether it led to 

411
00:27:07,900 --> 00:27:11,800
marriage or fulfillment. 
This shift brought new 

412
00:27:11,800 --> 00:27:14,200
possibilities and new 
complications. 

413
00:27:15,300 --> 00:27:19,500
If love was about feeling. 
Then what happened when the 

414
00:27:19,500 --> 00:27:22,800
feeling faded. 
If you married someone, because 

415
00:27:22,800 --> 00:27:26,700
you loved them, but then over 
time that love diminished. 

416
00:27:27,500 --> 00:27:30,900
Had you made a mistake. 
These questions did not have 

417
00:27:30,900 --> 00:27:35,700
easy answers, but people were 
beginning to ask them. spite 

418
00:27:35,700 --> 00:27:39,600
these changes despite the 
growing emphasis on emotion and 

419
00:27:39,600 --> 00:27:43,700
choice, Most marriages still 
settled into routines. 

420
00:27:44,800 --> 00:27:47,300
After the courtship after the 
wedding. 

421
00:27:47,300 --> 00:27:52,000
After the initial excitement 
faded couples had to learn how 

422
00:27:52,000 --> 00:27:56,300
to live together day after day. 
And in that daily living 

423
00:27:56,300 --> 00:27:59,400
romance, often became something 
quieter. 

424
00:28:00,300 --> 00:28:03,600
Something expressed through 
small ordinary gestures. 

425
00:28:04,500 --> 00:28:08,300
A husband might wake early to 
start the fire before his wife 

426
00:28:08,300 --> 00:28:11,900
Rose so that the house would be 
warm when she came down stairs. 

427
00:28:12,900 --> 00:28:15,700
A wife might prepare his 
favorite meal without being 

428
00:28:15,700 --> 00:28:18,700
asked. 
Simply because she knew it would

429
00:28:18,700 --> 00:28:21,600
please him. 
These acts of care were not 

430
00:28:21,600 --> 00:28:26,400
dramatic or noteworthy, but they
were the substance of affection 

431
00:28:26,400 --> 00:28:32,000
as it existed within the home. 
Couple's developed routines 

432
00:28:32,000 --> 00:28:35,200
patterns the organized their 
shared life. 

433
00:28:36,200 --> 00:28:38,700
They ate breakfast together at 
the same time, each morning. 

434
00:28:38,700 --> 00:28:43,700
They took evening walks or sat 
together after supper, or worked

435
00:28:43,700 --> 00:28:48,900
on household tasks side by side.
These routines, create a rhythm,

436
00:28:48,900 --> 00:28:51,400
a predictability that was 
comforting. 

437
00:28:52,200 --> 00:28:55,500
You knew what to expect. 
You knew how the day would 

438
00:28:55,500 --> 00:28:59,500
unfold. 
In the quiet of the evening, 

439
00:28:59,500 --> 00:29:03,600
after the work was done. a 
couple might sit together in 

440
00:29:03,600 --> 00:29:08,300
companionable silence, he might 
read while she sowed. 

441
00:29:09,000 --> 00:29:12,500
She might Hummer tune while he 
worked on some small repair. 

442
00:29:13,300 --> 00:29:16,800
They did not need to fill every 
moment with conversation. 

443
00:29:17,600 --> 00:29:19,800
They had learned to be 
comfortable in each other's 

444
00:29:19,800 --> 00:29:24,900
presence to enjoy the simple 
fact of being together, physical

445
00:29:24,900 --> 00:29:27,600
closeness, became a kind of 
communication. 

446
00:29:28,700 --> 00:29:33,000
A hand resting on a shoulder, a 
gentle touch on the arm. 

447
00:29:33,800 --> 00:29:36,800
Body's leaning toward each other
unconsciously. 

448
00:29:37,900 --> 00:29:42,400
These small contact said, what 
words often could not that you 

449
00:29:42,400 --> 00:29:46,600
mattered that you are valued and
you were not alone. 

450
00:29:48,000 --> 00:29:52,100
In bed at night couple's found 
their own ways of being 

451
00:29:52,100 --> 00:29:55,400
intimate. 
Some talked quietly before sleep

452
00:29:55,400 --> 00:29:59,200
sharing the small of events of 
their day, expressing worries or

453
00:29:59,200 --> 00:30:04,500
Hope's Some simply lay clothes 
drawing comfort from the warmth 

454
00:30:04,500 --> 00:30:07,800
of another body. 
Some reached to each other in 

455
00:30:07,800 --> 00:30:11,100
the darkness seeking connection 
without words. 

456
00:30:11,100 --> 00:30:16,300
This physical intimacy was 
different from Passion, it was 

457
00:30:16,300 --> 00:30:21,100
about familiarity about knowing 
someone's body as well, as you 

458
00:30:21,100 --> 00:30:24,900
knew your own. 
It was about trust about feeling

459
00:30:24,900 --> 00:30:28,900
safe enough to be vulnerable. 
It was about the accumulation of

460
00:30:28,908 --> 00:30:32,500
nights years of sharing the same
space. 

461
00:30:32,500 --> 00:30:39,000
The same bed, the same breath. 
when illness came, when one 

462
00:30:39,000 --> 00:30:43,200
partner was weakened by fever or
pain, the other became a 

463
00:30:43,200 --> 00:30:48,500
caretaker They brought water 
adjusted pillows and sat through

464
00:30:48,500 --> 00:30:50,800
the long hours of the night. 
Keeping watch. 

465
00:30:50,800 --> 00:30:55,400
This care was one of the deepest
expressions of Love, A 

466
00:30:55,400 --> 00:30:59,400
willingness to 10 to someone at 
their most vulnerable to see 

467
00:30:59,400 --> 00:31:01,700
them at their worst and remain 
present. 

468
00:31:02,900 --> 00:31:06,600
Similarly, when life brought 
disappointments, when plans 

469
00:31:06,600 --> 00:31:11,500
fail, when hopes were dashed 
couple's learned to support each

470
00:31:11,500 --> 00:31:13,200
other through the difficult 
times. 

471
00:31:13,200 --> 00:31:17,400
They offered reassurance 
patience and a steady presents. 

472
00:31:18,300 --> 00:31:21,800
They reminded each other that 
set backs were temporary that 

473
00:31:21,800 --> 00:31:24,800
they would get through this 
together and that they had 

474
00:31:24,800 --> 00:31:27,600
weathered hard times before and 
would do so again. 

475
00:31:28,900 --> 00:31:31,500
Shared labor was another form of
intimacy. 

476
00:31:32,400 --> 00:31:35,900
A couple working together to 
maintain their home, to raise 

477
00:31:35,900 --> 00:31:38,800
their children and to manage 
their finances. 

478
00:31:38,800 --> 00:31:42,100
Developed a deep knowledge of 
each, other's strengths and 

479
00:31:42,100 --> 00:31:46,000
weaknesses. 
They learned when to step in and

480
00:31:46,000 --> 00:31:50,600
when to step back, when to take 
the lead and when to follow, 

481
00:31:50,600 --> 00:31:55,100
they became a team functioning 
with the kind of coordination, 

482
00:31:55,100 --> 00:31:57,100
that only comes from long 
practice. 

483
00:31:58,000 --> 00:32:02,000
Children changed the Dynamics of
a marriage Shifting, the focus 

484
00:32:02,000 --> 00:32:05,300
outward. 
Couple who had once had time for

485
00:32:05,300 --> 00:32:07,800
long conversations and leisurely
evening's. 

486
00:32:07,800 --> 00:32:12,000
Now found their days consumed by
the demands of small children. 

487
00:32:13,400 --> 00:32:16,800
But even in the midst of that 
chaos, there were moments of 

488
00:32:16,800 --> 00:32:20,400
connection. 
Shared glance across the dinner 

489
00:32:20,400 --> 00:32:23,100
table. 
As a child told a rambling 

490
00:32:23,100 --> 00:32:26,800
story. 
A quiet moment after the 

491
00:32:26,800 --> 00:32:31,600
children were finally asleep. 
Both parents to exhausted to do 

492
00:32:31,600 --> 00:32:33,600
anything, but sit together in 
relief. 

493
00:32:34,700 --> 00:32:37,100
As the children, grew and 
eventually left. 

494
00:32:37,900 --> 00:32:40,300
Couples. 
Sometimes had to relearn how to 

495
00:32:40,300 --> 00:32:45,300
be together. the roles that had 
defined them for years mother 

496
00:32:45,300 --> 00:32:50,000
and father were no longer a 
central They had to remember who

497
00:32:50,000 --> 00:32:53,500
they had been before the 
children came or discover who 

498
00:32:53,500 --> 00:32:55,700
they were now that the children 
were gone. 

499
00:32:56,500 --> 00:33:00,300
Some couples struggled with this
transition, finding that they 

500
00:33:00,300 --> 00:33:03,900
had Grown Apart. 
Over the years, others Found A 

501
00:33:03,900 --> 00:33:07,700
Renewed close, a return, to the 
partnership, they had begun with

502
00:33:08,500 --> 00:33:12,100
In old age, when strength faded 
and the body became unreliable, 

503
00:33:12,100 --> 00:33:15,400
the daily care. 
That couple's provided for each 

504
00:33:15,400 --> 00:33:19,800
other took on new meaning. 
A husband helping his wife dress

505
00:33:19,800 --> 00:33:23,300
in the morning. 
Managing buttons and laces that 

506
00:33:23,300 --> 00:33:26,000
are thrifty fingers could no 
longer manage. 

507
00:33:27,000 --> 00:33:31,200
A wife preparing, soft foods for
her husband when his teeth were 

508
00:33:31,200 --> 00:33:34,500
gone. 
These acts of service were not 

509
00:33:34,500 --> 00:33:36,800
romantic in any conventional 
sense. 

510
00:33:38,100 --> 00:33:41,500
That they were expressed of a 
love that endured for decades. 

511
00:33:42,700 --> 00:33:45,500
Commitment that went beyond 
feeling to something more 

512
00:33:45,500 --> 00:33:49,500
fundamental. 
The romance of daily life was 

513
00:33:49,500 --> 00:33:52,900
not about grand gestures or 
dramatic declarations. 

514
00:33:52,900 --> 00:33:57,900
It was about showing up day 
after day, year after year. 

515
00:33:57,900 --> 00:34:02,700
It was about paying attention, 
to small needs offering Comfort 

516
00:34:02,700 --> 00:34:05,800
when it was needed and being 
reliable and steady. 

517
00:34:05,800 --> 00:34:10,900
It was about building a shared 
Life One ordinary day at a time 

518
00:34:10,908 --> 00:34:15,800
and finding meaning in that 
accumulation of moments, as the 

519
00:34:15,800 --> 00:34:19,400
world continued to change a 
societies, became more 

520
00:34:19,400 --> 00:34:23,699
individualistic and personal 
freedom, or valued, the 

521
00:34:23,699 --> 00:34:26,900
expectations around romance 
shifted once again. 

522
00:34:28,100 --> 00:34:30,800
Love was no longer just 
something that happened within 

523
00:34:30,800 --> 00:34:34,300
marriage, Something That Grew 
slowly over time. 

524
00:34:35,199 --> 00:34:38,300
It became something that was 
supposed to proceed marriage. 

525
00:34:38,300 --> 00:34:42,199
Something that justified the 
choice to marry in the first 

526
00:34:42,199 --> 00:34:45,600
place. 
Young people began to believe 

527
00:34:45,600 --> 00:34:49,400
that they should marry for love 
that without love a marriage was

528
00:34:49,400 --> 00:34:53,900
somehow incomplete or false. 
The idea of marrying someone, 

529
00:34:53,900 --> 00:34:56,699
you did not love even if they 
were suitable. 

530
00:34:56,699 --> 00:35:00,800
In every practical way, began to
seem wrong. 

531
00:35:01,700 --> 00:35:06,500
Love became not just desirable 
but necessary, the foundation 

532
00:35:06,500 --> 00:35:09,300
upon which a successful marriage
had to be built. 

533
00:35:10,600 --> 00:35:12,900
This new expectation, brought 
with it. 

534
00:35:12,900 --> 00:35:16,400
A new kind of pressure. 
You were supposed to fall in 

535
00:35:16,400 --> 00:35:21,500
love to experience that intense,
emotional state that signaled 

536
00:35:21,500 --> 00:35:25,800
you had found the right person. 
If you did not feel that 

537
00:35:25,800 --> 00:35:31,000
intensity, if you're affection 
was mild or uncertain, then 

538
00:35:31,000 --> 00:35:33,200
perhaps, this was not the right 
match. 

539
00:35:34,200 --> 00:35:38,300
Perhaps you should keep looking 
keep waiting for that powerful 

540
00:35:38,300 --> 00:35:43,000
emotional experience. 
Romance became tied to Identity 

541
00:35:43,000 --> 00:35:47,400
to self-expression and to 
personal fulfillment. 

542
00:35:48,400 --> 00:35:51,600
The person you chose to love 
said something about who you 

543
00:35:51,600 --> 00:35:54,800
were. 
Your relationship was expected 

544
00:35:54,800 --> 00:35:58,700
to reflect your values, your 
ideals and your vision of what 

545
00:35:58,700 --> 00:36:02,300
life should be. 
It was not enough for a marriage

546
00:36:02,300 --> 00:36:06,900
to be stable and functional. 
It needed to be meaningful to 

547
00:36:06,900 --> 00:36:10,600
contribute to your happiness and
to help you become the person. 

548
00:36:10,600 --> 00:36:16,400
You wanted to be Love stories. 
Became important cultural 

549
00:36:16,400 --> 00:36:21,700
touchstones. 
Books plays and later films told

550
00:36:21,700 --> 00:36:26,200
Tales of people finding true. 
Love overcoming obstacles to be 

551
00:36:26,200 --> 00:36:28,600
together and discovering 
happiness. 

552
00:36:28,600 --> 00:36:33,700
In romantic Union, these stories
shaped expectations and created 

553
00:36:33,700 --> 00:36:35,800
templates for what love should 
look like. 

554
00:36:35,800 --> 00:36:39,700
How it should feel and what it 
should achieve. 

555
00:36:40,600 --> 00:36:44,900
People began to talk about 
soulmates about finding the one 

556
00:36:44,900 --> 00:36:47,500
person who was perfectly suited 
to you. 

557
00:36:47,500 --> 00:36:51,000
Who completed you, who made you 
whole? 

558
00:36:51,800 --> 00:36:55,200
The idea that there was one 
right now out there and that 

559
00:36:55,200 --> 00:36:57,200
finding them was the key to 
happiness. 

560
00:36:57,200 --> 00:37:00,000
He came deeply embedded in the 
culture. 

561
00:37:00,900 --> 00:37:03,200
It raised the stakes in 
enormously. 

562
00:37:04,000 --> 00:37:07,400
If you chose wrong, if you 
missed your chance with your 

563
00:37:07,400 --> 00:37:11,500
soulmate, you might be settling 
for less than you deserved. 

564
00:37:13,000 --> 00:37:16,300
This romantic ideal was 
liberating in some ways. 

565
00:37:16,300 --> 00:37:19,800
It gave people permission to 
refuse marriages. 

566
00:37:19,800 --> 00:37:23,900
That did not feel right and to 
prioritize their own feelings 

567
00:37:23,900 --> 00:37:27,500
and preferences. 
It allowed for the possibility 

568
00:37:27,500 --> 00:37:31,200
of genuine connection of 
choosing a partner because you 

569
00:37:31,200 --> 00:37:37,000
wanted them not because you had 
to But it also created new 

570
00:37:37,000 --> 00:37:40,500
anxieties. 
What if you never found that 

571
00:37:40,500 --> 00:37:41,600
intense? 
Love? 

572
00:37:41,600 --> 00:37:45,300
What if you married someone and 
then met someone else, who 

573
00:37:45,300 --> 00:37:49,700
seemed like a better match. 
What if the feeling faded over 

574
00:37:49,700 --> 00:37:53,300
time? 
The emphasis on romantic love 

575
00:37:53,300 --> 00:37:57,400
also, created a kind of 
isolation. if your partner was 

576
00:37:57,400 --> 00:38:01,100
supposed to be everything to 
you, your best friend, your 

577
00:38:01,100 --> 00:38:05,600
confidence to your passionate 
lover, your intellectual equal, 

578
00:38:06,400 --> 00:38:09,100
then you might neglect other 
relationships. 

579
00:38:10,300 --> 00:38:14,600
Friends and family became less 
Central as romantic partnership 

580
00:38:14,600 --> 00:38:20,200
became the primary relationship.
The one that mattered most There

581
00:38:20,200 --> 00:38:23,800
was all an expectation of 
constant emotional intensity. 

582
00:38:24,900 --> 00:38:28,600
Couples were supposed to keep 
the spark alive to work on their

583
00:38:28,600 --> 00:38:31,500
relationship. 
And to ensure that the passion 

584
00:38:31,500 --> 00:38:35,300
did not fade. 
If things became routine or 

585
00:38:35,300 --> 00:38:38,600
predictable. 
If the relationship settled into

586
00:38:38,600 --> 00:38:41,800
comfortable patterns that was 
seen as a problem. 

587
00:38:42,800 --> 00:38:46,800
You were supposed to keep dating
your spouse to surprise each 

588
00:38:46,800 --> 00:38:50,500
other and to maintain the 
excitement of early courtship 

589
00:38:50,500 --> 00:38:55,100
throughout Decades of marriage. 
This expectation was exhausting.

590
00:38:55,900 --> 00:39:00,700
It required constant effort, 
constant attention, and a level 

591
00:39:00,700 --> 00:39:04,500
of emotional energy, that was 
difficult to sustain amid. 

592
00:39:04,500 --> 00:39:08,800
The demands of a work children 
household management and all the

593
00:39:08,808 --> 00:39:10,900
other responsibilities of adult 
life. 

594
00:39:11,800 --> 00:39:14,600
Some couples manage it, but many
did not. 

595
00:39:15,800 --> 00:39:19,900
They felt guilty for not feeling
enough for not being excited 

596
00:39:19,900 --> 00:39:23,200
enough and for letting their 
relationship become ordinary. 

597
00:39:24,500 --> 00:39:27,100
The language around romance 
changed as well. 

598
00:39:28,100 --> 00:39:32,900
People talked about chemistry 
about Sparks about falling for 

599
00:39:32,900 --> 00:39:35,700
someone. 
These metaphors. 

600
00:39:35,700 --> 00:39:38,500
Suggested that love was 
something that happened to you, 

601
00:39:38,500 --> 00:39:43,200
something beyond your control, 
rather than something you chose 

602
00:39:43,200 --> 00:39:47,000
or build. 
If the chemistry was there, if 

603
00:39:47,000 --> 00:39:50,700
the spark existed, then the 
relationship had potential. 

604
00:39:50,700 --> 00:39:55,700
If not, then perhaps you were 
incompatible, Regardless of how 

605
00:39:55,700 --> 00:39:58,300
well you got along or how much 
you had in common. 

606
00:39:59,700 --> 00:40:03,300
This focus on initial attraction
and emotional intensity. 

607
00:40:03,300 --> 00:40:07,800
Sometimes LED people to overlook
deeper compatibilities or to 

608
00:40:07,800 --> 00:40:10,800
dismiss relationships that 
started slowly. 

609
00:40:12,300 --> 00:40:14,800
They were waiting for the 
lightning bolt. 

610
00:40:15,500 --> 00:40:18,700
The overwhelming feeling that 
told them this was it. 

611
00:40:19,700 --> 00:40:24,200
Relationships that began more 
quietly that developed gradually

612
00:40:24,200 --> 00:40:28,300
might be abandoned before, they 
had a chance to grow into 

613
00:40:28,300 --> 00:40:32,700
something substantial at the 
same time when people did find 

614
00:40:32,700 --> 00:40:36,100
that intense connection when 
they experience the overwhelming

615
00:40:36,100 --> 00:40:40,100
feeling of being in love, it 
could be transformative. 

616
00:40:41,200 --> 00:40:46,200
They felt seen understood and 
valued in a way they had never 

617
00:40:46,200 --> 00:40:49,100
experienced before they 
believed. 

618
00:40:49,100 --> 00:40:53,400
They had found someone who truly
knew them, who accepted them 

619
00:40:53,400 --> 00:40:57,300
completely. 
This feeling of recognition, of 

620
00:40:57,300 --> 00:41:01,200
finding someone who made sense 
to you was powerful and 

621
00:41:01,200 --> 00:41:05,400
meaningful. 
For those who achieved it, a 

622
00:41:05,400 --> 00:41:09,500
relationship based on genuine, 
emotional connection, mutual 

623
00:41:09,500 --> 00:41:14,600
respect, and shared values, 
could be deeply fulfilling. it 

624
00:41:14,600 --> 00:41:18,300
offered a level of intimacy and 
understanding that earlier forms

625
00:41:18,300 --> 00:41:23,400
of partnership often lacked it 
allowed for personal growth for 

626
00:41:23,400 --> 00:41:27,000
self-expression and for the 
experience of being fully 

627
00:41:27,000 --> 00:41:31,500
yourself with another person, 
But the expectation that 

628
00:41:31,500 --> 00:41:35,900
everyone should achieve this. 
That this kind of romance was 

629
00:41:35,900 --> 00:41:40,500
not just ideal but necessary 
created problems. 

630
00:41:41,600 --> 00:41:45,000
It meant that many people felt 
inadequate if their 

631
00:41:45,000 --> 00:41:46,800
relationships did not measure 
up. 

632
00:41:47,800 --> 00:41:50,600
If they did not feel the 
constant intensity, they 

633
00:41:50,600 --> 00:41:52,400
believed they were supposed to 
feel. 

634
00:41:52,400 --> 00:41:56,000
It meant that perfectly 
functional affectionate 

635
00:41:56,000 --> 00:41:59,000
Partnerships were sometimes 
abandoned in pursuit of 

636
00:41:59,000 --> 00:42:03,200
something, more exciting, more 
passionate and more fulfilling. 

637
00:42:04,500 --> 00:42:08,400
and now in the quiet of this 
moment, as you can consider all 

638
00:42:08,400 --> 00:42:13,200
the ways romances changed across
time, you might notice something

639
00:42:13,200 --> 00:42:18,600
settling A recognition that the 
thing we call romance has never 

640
00:42:18,600 --> 00:42:22,900
been fixed has never been one 
single truth. 

641
00:42:23,900 --> 00:42:28,100
It has always been shaped by the
world people lived in by what 

642
00:42:28,100 --> 00:42:31,800
they needed from each other. 
And by what they believed was 

643
00:42:31,800 --> 00:42:35,500
possible. 
In the beginning, there was 

644
00:42:35,500 --> 00:42:39,500
simply partnership. 
Two people working together to 

645
00:42:39,500 --> 00:42:42,900
survive to build a life. 
Continue. 

646
00:42:43,800 --> 00:42:45,400
No one asked if they were in 
love. 

647
00:42:45,400 --> 00:42:48,700
No one wondered if they had made
the right choice. 

648
00:42:49,500 --> 00:42:53,900
They simply continued and 
sometimes affection grew and 

649
00:42:53,900 --> 00:42:57,200
sometimes it did not and both 
were acceptable. 

650
00:42:58,300 --> 00:43:03,400
Then came Arrangements marriages
built on strategy and Alliance 

651
00:43:03,400 --> 00:43:06,300
on the careful negotiation of 
family. 

652
00:43:06,300 --> 00:43:10,900
Futures love might appear in 
these marriages slowly quietly 

653
00:43:10,900 --> 00:43:15,000
or it might not But the marriage
is endured, he, the way. 

654
00:43:15,800 --> 00:43:19,000
Held together by Duty and 
practicality and the weight of 

655
00:43:19,008 --> 00:43:24,200
expectation. courtly love 
introduced longing, the idea 

656
00:43:24,200 --> 00:43:28,600
that desire could be valuable in
itself and that loving from a 

657
00:43:28,600 --> 00:43:33,700
distance could refine you and 
Elevate you It existed mostly in

658
00:43:33,700 --> 00:43:38,700
imagination in performance in 
the space between wanting and 

659
00:43:38,700 --> 00:43:41,900
having. 
It did not replace practical 

660
00:43:41,900 --> 00:43:46,100
marriage but it is suggested 
that they could be something 

661
00:43:46,100 --> 00:43:50,000
more. 
Something Beyond arrangement. 

662
00:43:51,100 --> 00:43:55,700
Then emotion became important. 
Feelings became worth examining 

663
00:43:55,700 --> 00:43:59,400
and people began to believe they
should choose Partners. 

664
00:43:59,400 --> 00:44:03,900
They actually liked People, they
could talk to and people who 

665
00:44:03,900 --> 00:44:07,500
understood them. 
Romance moved inward, becoming 

666
00:44:07,500 --> 00:44:10,800
something you felt rather than 
something you performed. 

667
00:44:11,500 --> 00:44:15,800
Letters and tokens replaced 
public declarations private 

668
00:44:15,800 --> 00:44:20,500
feelings mattered more than 
public display. within marriage,

669
00:44:20,500 --> 00:44:25,300
within the home romance became 
daily care, small gestures, 

670
00:44:25,300 --> 00:44:29,800
shared routines the comfort of 
presents, It was expressed 

671
00:44:29,800 --> 00:44:33,700
through reliability through 
showing up through the 

672
00:44:33,700 --> 00:44:36,400
accumulated weight of years 
spent together. 

673
00:44:37,300 --> 00:44:42,100
It was not dramatic, but it was 
real woven into the fabric of 

674
00:44:42,100 --> 00:44:46,300
ordinary life. 
And then the expectation shifted

675
00:44:46,300 --> 00:44:48,000
again, and became more 
demanding. 

676
00:44:49,100 --> 00:44:53,400
Love was supposed to be intense,
fulfilling and meaningful. 

677
00:44:54,600 --> 00:44:58,800
It was supposed to provide 
happiness. to complete you, to 

678
00:44:58,800 --> 00:45:02,600
make you whole the person you 
chose was supposed to be 

679
00:45:02,600 --> 00:45:07,500
everything and if they were not,
if the feeling faded or became 

680
00:45:07,500 --> 00:45:10,500
routine, That was seen as 
failure. 

681
00:45:11,400 --> 00:45:15,700
But lying here now allowing your
mind to drift through all these 

682
00:45:15,700 --> 00:45:19,900
different versions of romance. 
You might notice that none of 

683
00:45:19,908 --> 00:45:24,100
them was entirely wrong. 
Each was true for its time. 

684
00:45:24,100 --> 00:45:26,200
True. 
For the people who lived it. 

685
00:45:27,200 --> 00:45:31,100
Farmers Wife who never spoke of 
love but to worked beside her 

686
00:45:31,100 --> 00:45:35,700
husband for 40 years. 
The arranged bride, who slowly 

687
00:45:35,700 --> 00:45:40,000
grew to appreciate her husband's
kindness the night, composing 

688
00:45:40,000 --> 00:45:44,000
poems to a distant lady. 
The young couple exchanging 

689
00:45:44,000 --> 00:45:47,200
letters, discovering each other 
through words. 

690
00:45:48,200 --> 00:45:50,700
The old husband helped his wife 
with buttons. 

691
00:45:50,700 --> 00:45:55,100
She could no longer manage the 
modern lovers seeking intensity 

692
00:45:55,100 --> 00:45:58,500
and meaning all of it was 
romantic in its way. 

693
00:45:58,500 --> 00:46:02,700
All of it was people trying to 
connect trying to find closeness

694
00:46:02,700 --> 00:46:05,300
and trying to build something 
together. 

695
00:46:06,300 --> 00:46:10,400
The forms changed. 
The expectations changed. 

696
00:46:10,400 --> 00:46:15,700
The language changed, but the 
underlying human need remained 

697
00:46:15,700 --> 00:46:20,800
constant, the need to be known. 
The need to be valued the need 

698
00:46:20,800 --> 00:46:25,300
to not be alone. 
Perhaps what matters is not 

699
00:46:25,300 --> 00:46:27,200
which version of romance is 
correct. 

700
00:46:28,000 --> 00:46:32,300
But recognizing the romance has 
always been flexible, has always

701
00:46:32,300 --> 00:46:36,800
adapted to circumstances. 
As always been shaped by what 

702
00:46:36,800 --> 00:46:41,800
people needed it to be. 
In times when survival was 

703
00:46:41,800 --> 00:46:44,600
uncertain, it was practical and 
quiet. 

704
00:46:45,500 --> 00:46:49,700
In times when families needed 
alliances, it was strategic and 

705
00:46:49,700 --> 00:46:53,100
patient in times. 
When individual Choice became 

706
00:46:53,100 --> 00:46:57,800
possible, it became emotional 
and personal in times when 

707
00:46:57,800 --> 00:47:02,800
fulfillment became expected, it 
became intense and demanding. 

708
00:47:04,300 --> 00:47:08,500
And perhaps In This Moment 
romance, can be simply what it 

709
00:47:08,500 --> 00:47:11,000
is for you. 
Not what you're told. 

710
00:47:11,000 --> 00:47:14,200
It should be. 
Not what stories and songs 

711
00:47:14,200 --> 00:47:18,300
suggested must be. 
But what actually exists in your

712
00:47:18,300 --> 00:47:23,400
life in your Connections, in the
small moments of understanding 

713
00:47:23,400 --> 00:47:27,500
and care that passed between 
people who know each other, It 

714
00:47:27,500 --> 00:47:30,500
might be the comfort of familiar
presents. 

715
00:47:31,500 --> 00:47:34,600
It might be someone remembering 
how you like your team. 

716
00:47:34,600 --> 00:47:39,000
It might be a shared glance that
requires no explanation. 

717
00:47:40,300 --> 00:47:44,200
It might be silenced that feels 
peaceful rather than empty. 

718
00:47:45,000 --> 00:47:48,100
It might be the knowledge that 
someone will be there tomorrow 

719
00:47:48,100 --> 00:47:53,100
and the day after without drama 
or intensity simply present. 

720
00:47:54,000 --> 00:47:57,500
Or it might be something more, 
it might be passion and 

721
00:47:57,500 --> 00:47:59,900
excitement and the thrill of 
Discovery. 

722
00:47:59,900 --> 00:48:04,800
It might be a deep conversation.
That lust for hours, it might be

723
00:48:04,800 --> 00:48:08,800
feeling seen and understood in a
way that transforms you. 

724
00:48:09,800 --> 00:48:13,800
Romance has room for all of it 
and has always had room for all 

725
00:48:13,800 --> 00:48:17,600
of it. 
The weight of expectation and 

726
00:48:17,600 --> 00:48:19,700
the pressure to feel a certain 
way. 

727
00:48:19,700 --> 00:48:24,400
And to experience love in a 
particular form begin to lift. 

728
00:48:25,600 --> 00:48:28,900
You can let go of the idea that 
there is one right way to 

729
00:48:28,900 --> 00:48:32,600
experience connection. 
You can accept that what you 

730
00:48:32,600 --> 00:48:36,900
feel, what ever it is, is valid.
That the shape your 

731
00:48:36,900 --> 00:48:39,500
relationships take is allowed to
be your own. 

732
00:48:40,500 --> 00:48:43,200
History shows us. 
That romance is not one thing 

733
00:48:43,200 --> 00:48:48,900
and has never been one thing. 
It is not owned by any era or 

734
00:48:48,900 --> 00:48:52,600
culture. 
It belongs to all the people who

735
00:48:52,600 --> 00:48:56,900
have ever reached for Connection
in whatever form that connection

736
00:48:56,900 --> 00:49:00,400
took. 
The arranged bride, finding 

737
00:49:00,400 --> 00:49:04,800
unexpected affection. 
The courtly love a cherishing 

738
00:49:04,800 --> 00:49:08,700
impossible, desire. 
The modern couple seeking 

739
00:49:08,700 --> 00:49:12,400
fulfillment, the old Partners 
caring for each other, with 

740
00:49:12,400 --> 00:49:15,600
gentle hands. 
All of them were doing the same 

741
00:49:15,600 --> 00:49:19,200
thing. 
In the ways trying to be close 

742
00:49:19,200 --> 00:49:23,000
to another person, trying to 
find meaning in that closeness, 

743
00:49:23,000 --> 00:49:26,700
trying to build something that 
could endure or at least 

744
00:49:26,700 --> 00:49:31,200
something that mattered, while 
it lasted and you lying here in 

745
00:49:31,200 --> 00:49:34,600
the darkness. 
Breathing slowly feeling your 

746
00:49:34,600 --> 00:49:38,100
body settle. 
You are part of that same long 

747
00:49:38,100 --> 00:49:41,200
story. 
Your experience is of 

748
00:49:41,200 --> 00:49:43,500
connection. 
However, they have unfolded 

749
00:49:43,500 --> 00:49:47,300
belong to that history. 
They are not separate from it. 

750
00:49:48,100 --> 00:49:50,600
They are the continuation of 
something that has been 

751
00:49:50,600 --> 00:49:53,100
happening for as long as people 
have existed. 

752
00:49:54,300 --> 00:49:58,400
Romances meant many different 
things throughout history, and 

753
00:49:58,400 --> 00:50:00,800
it will mean many different 
things in the future. 

754
00:50:00,800 --> 00:50:06,100
It will continue to change to 
adapt to take new forms. 

755
00:50:07,200 --> 00:50:10,600
But beneath all the changes 
beneath, all the different 

756
00:50:10,600 --> 00:50:15,900
expressions and expectations, 
there is something constant, the

757
00:50:15,900 --> 00:50:20,500
human need for closeness. 
The desire to be known and to 

758
00:50:20,500 --> 00:50:23,600
know another. 
The hope that we do not have to 

759
00:50:23,600 --> 00:50:30,400
face life entirely alone. 
That need has never changed, it 

760
00:50:30,400 --> 00:50:35,000
has existed in every era in 
every culture, and in every form

761
00:50:35,000 --> 00:50:37,100
of relationship humans have 
created. 

762
00:50:38,000 --> 00:50:41,800
And it exists. 
Now in this moment in whatever 

763
00:50:41,800 --> 00:50:45,400
form, it takes for you. 
So let it be what it is. 

764
00:50:45,400 --> 00:50:49,400
Let romance be the quiet 
presence of someone who knows 

765
00:50:49,400 --> 00:50:53,700
you Let it be the accumulated 
weight of shared years. 

766
00:50:53,700 --> 00:50:56,600
Let it be the excitement of new 
connection. 

767
00:50:56,600 --> 00:51:01,900
Let it be patient and slow. 
Let it be intense and consuming 

768
00:51:01,900 --> 00:51:06,600
let it be practical and steady, 
let it be expressed or 

769
00:51:06,600 --> 00:51:10,600
unexpressed. 
Let it be enough, whatever shape

770
00:51:10,600 --> 00:51:14,000
it takes. 
The stories we tell about 

771
00:51:14,000 --> 00:51:16,700
Romance, the expectations we 
carry. 

772
00:51:16,700 --> 00:51:20,300
And the ideals, we pursue are 
all just attempts to capture 

773
00:51:20,300 --> 00:51:22,500
something. 
That is, ultimately, Beyond 

774
00:51:22,500 --> 00:51:27,500
capture love connection, 
affection partnership. 

775
00:51:27,500 --> 00:51:33,200
Whatever we call it, it remains 
fundamentally mysterious It 

776
00:51:33,200 --> 00:51:36,400
happens between people in ways 
that cannot be fully explained, 

777
00:51:36,400 --> 00:51:40,300
or predicted, or controlled. 
And perhaps that is enough to 

778
00:51:40,300 --> 00:51:45,500
know that it exists, that it has
always existed that will 

779
00:51:45,500 --> 00:51:51,000
continue to exist that it takes 
many forms, that no single form 

780
00:51:51,000 --> 00:51:54,000
is the right one. 
And the each person finds their 

781
00:51:54,000 --> 00:51:57,200
own way through the landscape of
connection and closeness. 

782
00:51:59,500 --> 00:52:02,500
The night is quiet. 
Now, you're breathing has 

783
00:52:02,500 --> 00:52:05,400
slowed. 
Your thoughts are drifting 

784
00:52:05,400 --> 00:52:10,600
loosening, their grip on 
analysis and understanding You 

785
00:52:10,600 --> 00:52:14,200
can let go of trying to figure 
it out, trying to determine what

786
00:52:14,200 --> 00:52:17,600
romance should be. 
You can simply rest in the 

787
00:52:17,600 --> 00:52:21,700
knowledge that it is that it has
been and that it will continue 

788
00:52:21,700 --> 00:52:26,200
to be changing and constant at 
the same time. 

789
00:52:27,800 --> 00:52:30,500
People of always loved each 
other in one way or another. 

790
00:52:31,300 --> 00:52:34,800
They have built live together 
cared for each other and found 

791
00:52:34,800 --> 00:52:36,400
meaning in each other's 
presence. 

792
00:52:37,400 --> 00:52:41,200
The details of change. 
That the essential truth 

793
00:52:41,200 --> 00:52:44,700
remains. 
We're not meant to be entirely 

794
00:52:44,700 --> 00:52:48,000
alone. 
We reach for Connection in 

795
00:52:48,000 --> 00:52:52,300
whatever form we can find it and
that reaching is enough. 

796
00:52:53,500 --> 00:52:55,900
Let yourself settle into that 
truth. 

797
00:52:56,800 --> 00:53:01,200
Let the weight of expectation 
Fall Away, Let the pressure to 

798
00:53:01,200 --> 00:53:05,500
feel a certain way to achieve a 
certain kind of relationship and

799
00:53:05,500 --> 00:53:09,500
to experience romance in any 
particular form, dissolve into 

800
00:53:09,500 --> 00:53:14,900
the quiet Darkness. 
What remains is simple human the

801
00:53:14,900 --> 00:53:18,200
knowledge that connection 
matters that closeness is 

802
00:53:18,200 --> 00:53:20,900
valuable. 
And that the ways we care for 

803
00:53:20,900 --> 00:53:23,700
each other in whatever small or 
large ways. 

804
00:53:23,700 --> 00:53:26,700
We manage are real and they 
count. 

805
00:53:27,900 --> 00:53:32,100
Romance is meant many things 
throughout history, it will mean

806
00:53:32,100 --> 00:53:37,500
many things tomorrow. but 
tonight in this moment, Is 

807
00:53:37,500 --> 00:53:41,500
simply rest. it can be what ever
quiet, truth lives in your own 

808
00:53:41,500 --> 00:53:46,000
experience without judgment 
without comparison and without 

809
00:53:46,000 --> 00:53:50,500
pressure just to connect. 
Just presents. 

810
00:53:51,200 --> 00:53:55,300
Just the ongoing ever-changing 
always human attempt to be close

811
00:53:55,300 --> 00:53:58,600
to another person to build 
something together to not face 

812
00:53:58,600 --> 00:54:03,900
the world entirely alone and 
that is a stuff that has always 

813
00:54:03,900 --> 00:54:06,700
been enough. 
That will always be enough. 

814
00:54:07,800 --> 00:54:11,400
Rest now. 
Let it all settle. 

815
00:54:11,400 --> 00:54:16,100
Let the long story of romance 
continue without you for a 

816
00:54:16,100 --> 00:54:18,100
while. 
It will be there in the morning 

817
00:54:18,100 --> 00:54:21,200
in whatever form it takes and 
you will meet it again. 

818
00:54:21,200 --> 00:54:27,300
When you are ready, And now, 
just rest. just breathe, just be

819
00:54:28,300 --> 00:54:33,100
The night holds you gently 
history holds you gently all the

820
00:54:33,100 --> 00:54:36,200
people who have loved in all the
different ways throughout all 

821
00:54:36,200 --> 00:54:40,000
the years they're with you. 
In this moment, a quiet 

822
00:54:40,000 --> 00:54:43,500
presents. 
A reminder that you are part of 

823
00:54:43,500 --> 00:54:48,000
something larger, something that
continues something that 

824
00:54:48,000 --> 00:54:50,100
endures. 
Rest. 

825
00:54:54,900 --> 00:54:57,400
Your lying on packed Earth in. 
What will someday be called, 

826
00:54:57,400 --> 00:55:00,100
France, but right now has no 
name at all. 

827
00:55:00,108 --> 00:55:05,100
The year is approximately 28,000
BCE and above you smoke. 

828
00:55:05,100 --> 00:55:08,700
From the fire drifts toward a 
seal of rock that your people of

829
00:55:08,700 --> 00:55:12,200
painted, with running animals. 
Outside this cave, winter, as 

830
00:55:12,200 --> 00:55:15,400
the world in ice here. 
The fire keeps you warm enough 

831
00:55:15,400 --> 00:55:19,100
to drift towards sleep. 
Your body knows this transition.

832
00:55:19,100 --> 00:55:23,600
Intimately your breathing slows,
the Rhythm changing, from the 

833
00:55:23,600 --> 00:55:27,600
quick, shallow pattern of 
activity to something deeper and

834
00:55:27,600 --> 00:55:31,100
more regular. 
Your muscles release their 

835
00:55:31,100 --> 00:55:33,300
daytime tension, one group at a 
time. 

836
00:55:34,200 --> 00:55:37,600
First your jaw, then your 
shoulders, then your hands that 

837
00:55:37,600 --> 00:55:39,100
have been gripping tools all 
day. 

838
00:55:39,800 --> 00:55:43,000
Your eyelids grow heavy and the 
flickering firelight becomes 

839
00:55:43,000 --> 00:55:47,300
less distinct blurring into warm
orange smears, against your 

840
00:55:47,300 --> 00:55:51,900
closed eyes, and then without 
Fanfare or ceremony without even

841
00:55:51,900 --> 00:55:54,400
noticing the precise moment of 
transition. 

842
00:55:55,300 --> 00:55:58,000
You find yourself running 
alongside the painted animals. 

843
00:55:58,000 --> 00:56:01,700
They've leaped from the stone 
walls, into a grassy plain that 

844
00:56:01,700 --> 00:56:05,500
exists nowhere on Earth. 
The grass is impossibly green 

845
00:56:05,500 --> 00:56:08,900
greener than anything. 
You've seen in this ice blocked 

846
00:56:08,900 --> 00:56:11,800
world and it brushes against 
your legs as you run. 

847
00:56:12,900 --> 00:56:16,300
The deer beside you, the one 
painted in Red Oak on the cave. 

848
00:56:16,300 --> 00:56:19,300
Wall turned its head to look at 
you with eyes. 

849
00:56:19,300 --> 00:56:21,700
That seemed to hold more 
intelligence than any animal 

850
00:56:21,700 --> 00:56:24,300
should possess You don't 
question this. 

851
00:56:25,100 --> 00:56:28,200
The boundary between waking and 
sleeping feels less like a wall 

852
00:56:28,200 --> 00:56:31,700
and more like a curtain that 
shifts in an unfelt Breeze. 

853
00:56:31,700 --> 00:56:35,600
You move between states without 
noticing the movement without 

854
00:56:35,600 --> 00:56:38,100
marking the transition as 
something worthy of examination.

855
00:56:39,300 --> 00:56:42,400
during the day you hunt and 
gather and maintain the fire, 

856
00:56:43,200 --> 00:56:46,500
During the night, you run with 
painted animals and visit the 

857
00:56:46,500 --> 00:56:49,500
spirits of your ancestors and 
see things that haven't happened

858
00:56:49,500 --> 00:56:52,700
yet. 
But might Seem like equally real

859
00:56:52,700 --> 00:56:55,800
aspects of existence. 
The Red Deer is trying to tell 

860
00:56:55,800 --> 00:56:57,400
you something. 
It uses. 

861
00:56:57,400 --> 00:57:01,300
No words your language is still 
young consisting of a few 

862
00:57:01,308 --> 00:57:05,600
hundred sounds that convey 
immediate concrete meanings but 

863
00:57:05,600 --> 00:57:09,800
somehow you understand? 
The herd has moved to the valley

864
00:57:09,800 --> 00:57:13,200
on the ridge, where a fallen 
tree creates, Shelter From The 

865
00:57:13,200 --> 00:57:17,400
Wind as good grazing, their 
protected by the tree in the 

866
00:57:17,408 --> 00:57:19,900
curve of the land. 
You should hunt there when 

867
00:57:19,900 --> 00:57:23,800
morning comes. 
When you wait slowly surfacing 

868
00:57:23,800 --> 00:57:26,300
through layers of Consciousness 
like Rising through water. 

869
00:57:26,300 --> 00:57:28,400
You'll tell the elders about 
this vision. 

870
00:57:29,100 --> 00:57:32,500
They'll not seriously whether 
they'd faces showing no surprise

871
00:57:32,500 --> 00:57:36,300
because to them dreams aren't 
random firing of arresting 

872
00:57:36,300 --> 00:57:38,300
brain. 
The concept that won't be 

873
00:57:38,300 --> 00:57:40,900
articulated for another 30,000 
years. 

874
00:57:42,400 --> 00:57:46,400
Dreams are messages warning and 
visits from the world that 

875
00:57:46,400 --> 00:57:50,600
exists beneath the world. 
Place where the spirits of 

876
00:57:50,600 --> 00:57:53,700
animals live when they're not 
wearing their physical bodies. 

877
00:57:54,700 --> 00:57:59,000
No one in your community has a 
word for subconscious or REM 

878
00:57:59,000 --> 00:58:02,800
sleep or memory consolidation. 
They simply know that sleep 

879
00:58:02,800 --> 00:58:08,200
opens doors The funny thing is 
you're not entirely wrong in a 

880
00:58:08,200 --> 00:58:10,800
way that neuroscientists, 30 
Millennia from now will struggle

881
00:58:10,800 --> 00:58:14,400
to explain fully your brain has 
been processing information all 

882
00:58:14,400 --> 00:58:17,000
day. 
You've been noticing patterns in

883
00:58:17,000 --> 00:58:19,800
animal behavior without 
consciously cataloging them. 

884
00:58:20,500 --> 00:58:24,100
The way certain birds fly, when 
deer and nearby, the angle of 

885
00:58:24,100 --> 00:58:27,700
trampled grass, the age of 
dropping and the scent carried 

886
00:58:27,700 --> 00:58:31,200
on yesterday's wind. 
You've registered distant 

887
00:58:31,200 --> 00:58:33,300
sounds. 
You didn't actively listen to 

888
00:58:33,300 --> 00:58:36,600
tracked. 
Subtle changes in weather and 

889
00:58:36,600 --> 00:58:40,600
observed 100, small details that
your conscious mind was too busy

890
00:58:40,600 --> 00:58:45,000
with survival to fully analyze. 
Now, freed from the need to 

891
00:58:45,008 --> 00:58:46,800
focus on immediate threats and 
opportunities. 

892
00:58:46,800 --> 00:58:50,600
Your sleeping brain is sorting 
through these observations. 

893
00:58:50,600 --> 00:58:55,400
It's finding patterns, making 
connections and occasionally 

894
00:58:55,400 --> 00:58:57,600
stumbling onto something, 
genuinely useful. 

895
00:58:57,600 --> 00:59:01,500
The information emerges dressed 
in the symbols and metaphors. 

896
00:59:01,500 --> 00:59:06,200
Your culture provides Talking 
animals, Spirit Journeys and 

897
00:59:06,200 --> 00:59:10,100
painted figures come to life. 
You interpret it as the deer 

898
00:59:10,100 --> 00:59:13,200
speaking to you, which seems 
perfectly reasonable. 

899
00:59:13,200 --> 00:59:15,500
Given your understanding of how 
the world works. 

900
00:59:16,500 --> 00:59:19,500
Tomorrow, When The Hunters, find
the herd exactly where your 

901
00:59:19,500 --> 00:59:22,800
dreams suggested your status in 
the community will rise. 

902
00:59:22,800 --> 00:59:25,600
Slightly. 
You'll be known as someone the 

903
00:59:25,600 --> 00:59:28,500
spirit speak to someone whose 
dreams carry weight. 

904
00:59:29,300 --> 00:59:31,900
This will encourage you to pay 
even more attention to your 

905
00:59:31,900 --> 00:59:35,800
dreams, to try to remember the 
more clearly and to look for 

906
00:59:35,800 --> 00:59:40,200
messages in the nightly visions.
and this attention itself will 

907
00:59:40,200 --> 00:59:43,400
begin to change the dreams 
though, you won't notice this 

908
00:59:43,400 --> 00:59:47,200
feedback loop, this subtle 
influence, that awareness exerts

909
00:59:47,200 --> 00:59:51,200
on the thing, being observed, 
Over the years, you'll develop a

910
00:59:51,200 --> 00:59:53,100
sensitivity to the feeling of 
dreaming. 

911
00:59:53,100 --> 00:59:56,800
Not quite aware awareness, not 
the clear knowledge, that you're

912
00:59:56,800 --> 01:00:00,100
a sleep and this isn't 
physically real a kind of 

913
01:00:00,100 --> 01:00:04,100
receptive nurse, an openness to 
the strange logic and impossible

914
01:00:04,100 --> 01:00:07,800
events that characterize the 
dream state when you dream of 

915
01:00:07,800 --> 01:00:11,600
flying, you'll accept it. 
When your dead grandmother 

916
01:00:11,600 --> 01:00:14,600
appears looking young and 
strong, you'll speak with her 

917
01:00:14,600 --> 01:00:17,800
without confusion. 
When you find yourself in a 

918
01:00:17,800 --> 01:00:20,800
landscape that combines features
from many different places, 

919
01:00:20,800 --> 01:00:25,400
you'll navigate it confidently. 
This acceptance, this lack of 

920
01:00:25,408 --> 01:00:29,200
critical questioning is actually
what allows your dreams to be so

921
01:00:29,200 --> 01:00:32,800
vivid and useful? 
Your brain can process and 

922
01:00:32,800 --> 01:00:36,500
recombine information freely 
because your conscious mind 

923
01:00:36,500 --> 01:00:39,500
isn't interfering isn't saying 
wait, that's impossible. 

924
01:00:39,500 --> 01:00:43,600
Well, this doesn't make sense. 
The dreams flow like water 

925
01:00:43,600 --> 01:00:47,800
following their own logic Making
Connections that waking thought 

926
01:00:47,800 --> 01:00:50,900
might dismiss as nonsensical, 
but that sometimes reveal 

927
01:00:50,900 --> 01:00:53,700
genuine insights about the 
natural world you depend on for 

928
01:00:53,700 --> 01:00:56,400
survival. 
You're standing in the Egyptian 

929
01:00:56,400 --> 01:01:00,800
City of Memphis around 2000 BCE 
and you have a problem that's 

930
01:01:00,800 --> 01:01:02,800
been gnawing at you for three 
nights running. 

931
01:01:03,500 --> 01:01:06,600
Each night you have the same 
disturbing dream. 

932
01:01:06,600 --> 01:01:10,000
Your teeth are falling out 
scattering across the ground 

933
01:01:10,000 --> 01:01:14,100
like pale sea, leaving your 
mouth, empty and aching. 

934
01:01:15,100 --> 01:01:19,200
You can feel them loosening in 
the dream can taste blood and 

935
01:01:19,200 --> 01:01:21,600
can see them lying in the dust 
at your feet. 

936
01:01:22,800 --> 01:01:25,700
The dream is vivid enough that 
you wake each time to touching 

937
01:01:25,700 --> 01:01:28,000
your mouth relieved to find your
teeth. 

938
01:01:28,000 --> 01:01:30,800
Still firmly in place, but 
deeply unsettled by the 

939
01:01:30,800 --> 01:01:34,300
recurring, visually. 
This is clearly significant. 

940
01:01:35,200 --> 01:01:37,300
In Egypt dreams are taken 
seriously. 

941
01:01:37,300 --> 01:01:41,300
They're considered messages from
the gods warnings about the 

942
01:01:41,300 --> 01:01:45,000
future or reflections of 
spiritual imbalance that needs 

943
01:01:45,000 --> 01:01:47,700
correction. 
But you're not educated in the 

944
01:01:47,708 --> 01:01:50,400
mysteries of dream 
interpretation, you're a 

945
01:01:50,400 --> 01:01:53,700
mid-level, scribe, comfortable 
enough, but not wealthy learned 

946
01:01:53,700 --> 01:01:56,000
in hieroglyphics and 
Mathematics, but not in the 

947
01:01:56,000 --> 01:01:58,000
symbolic language of the Divine 
realm. 

948
01:01:58,000 --> 01:02:01,800
So you've come to the temple, 
joining a stream of other dream,

949
01:02:01,800 --> 01:02:05,500
troubles citizens, seeking 
guidance, the priesthood greets,

950
01:02:05,500 --> 01:02:07,100
you is younger than you 
expected. 

951
01:02:07,100 --> 01:02:11,300
Perhaps 30 years old with the 
shaved head and white linen 

952
01:02:11,300 --> 01:02:14,300
robes. 
That Mark is calling He shows no

953
01:02:14,300 --> 01:02:17,400
surprise at your arrival. 
People come here daily with 

954
01:02:17,400 --> 01:02:19,800
similar concerns, their sleep 
disrupted. 

955
01:02:19,800 --> 01:02:24,200
By visions, they can't interpret
He leads you through Courtyards 

956
01:02:24,200 --> 01:02:28,500
fragrant within sentence passed 
pools where lotus flowers float 

957
01:02:28,500 --> 01:02:32,200
into a small chamber where 
previous visitors of carved 

958
01:02:32,200 --> 01:02:35,500
their dreams and to the walls. 
This inadvertent Archive of 

959
01:02:35,508 --> 01:02:38,000
Bronze. 
Age anxiety is as fascinating if

960
01:02:38,000 --> 01:02:41,300
you take time to read it, 
Someone dreamed of climbing a 

961
01:02:41,300 --> 01:02:44,800
mask on a ship, another saw 
themselves, eating figs, that 

962
01:02:44,800 --> 01:02:48,800
turned to Ash in their mouth. 
third encountered, a cat, the 

963
01:02:48,800 --> 01:02:51,700
size of a cow which probably 
says something about that 

964
01:02:51,700 --> 01:02:54,800
particular individual's 
relationship with cats or 

965
01:02:54,800 --> 01:02:58,500
possibly their relationship with
Divine judgment since cats are 

966
01:02:58,500 --> 01:03:02,800
sacred to bastet There are 
dreams of flying drowning, 

967
01:03:02,800 --> 01:03:07,100
losing one's way in familiar 
streets, meeting with the dead 

968
01:03:07,100 --> 01:03:11,100
and encountering gods, in both 
terrible and benevolent forms. 

969
01:03:12,400 --> 01:03:15,300
The priest consults are Papyrus 
scroll, that's already ancient 

970
01:03:15,300 --> 01:03:18,300
by his standards. 
Its edges, Warren, soft from 

971
01:03:18,300 --> 01:03:22,100
handling, some sections faded to
near illegibility. 

972
01:03:23,100 --> 01:03:26,500
This is a dream book. 
One of several copies made from 

973
01:03:26,500 --> 01:03:28,800
an original that dates back, 
hundreds of years. 

974
01:03:28,800 --> 01:03:32,800
It lists hundreds of Dreams 
scenarios and their meanings 

975
01:03:32,800 --> 01:03:36,600
organized with the bureaucratic 
Precision Egyptians bring to 

976
01:03:36,600 --> 01:03:38,900
everything from tax collection 
to theology. 

977
01:03:40,100 --> 01:03:43,000
The categorization is sometimes 
awed by modern standards. 

978
01:03:44,000 --> 01:03:47,400
Dreams are divided into good and
bad rather than by symbolic 

979
01:03:47,400 --> 01:03:51,600
content and the interpretations 
can be startlingly direct or 

980
01:03:51,600 --> 01:03:53,800
mysteriously vague depending on 
the entry. 

981
01:03:55,200 --> 01:03:58,700
He finds the section on teeth 
and runs his finger Down The 

982
01:03:58,700 --> 01:04:02,200
Columns of higher attic script. 
Teeth falling out. 

983
01:04:02,200 --> 01:04:05,200
Could indicate the death of 
relatives, though, the text 

984
01:04:05,200 --> 01:04:08,300
Hedges, its Bets with enough 
qualifiers, that it's rarely 

985
01:04:08,300 --> 01:04:11,200
entirely wrong. 
The number of teeth matters, 

986
01:04:11,200 --> 01:04:14,500
which teeth upper or lower 
matter. 

987
01:04:14,500 --> 01:04:18,100
Whether you see them fall or 
simply notice, the missing 

988
01:04:18,100 --> 01:04:22,500
matters, whether there's blood 
or pain involved matters the 

989
01:04:22,500 --> 01:04:25,900
priest asks, you these questions
methodically and you do your 

990
01:04:25,900 --> 01:04:28,900
best to remember details from 
dreams that felt Vivid at the 

991
01:04:28,908 --> 01:04:32,200
time but are now fragmenting in 
your memory You feel 

992
01:04:32,200 --> 01:04:34,500
simultaneously, enlightened and 
anxious. 

993
01:04:34,500 --> 01:04:37,200
When he finishes his 
interpretation, which is 

994
01:04:37,208 --> 01:04:40,100
probably the optimal outcome 
from the Temple's perspective. 

995
01:04:41,000 --> 01:04:43,800
You've received a knowledge that
explains the dream. 

996
01:04:44,900 --> 01:04:47,500
But that knowledge carries its 
own weight of concerned. 

997
01:04:48,200 --> 01:04:51,200
The priest reading your 
expression with practiced, ease 

998
01:04:51,200 --> 01:04:54,300
offers you an option Temple 
sleep. 

999
01:04:55,300 --> 01:04:56,700
For a fee, that will strain your
budget. 

1000
01:04:56,700 --> 01:05:00,200
But remains manageable, you can 
spend the night in a special 

1001
01:05:00,200 --> 01:05:04,700
chamber where the god Imhotep, 
the deerfied architect and 

1002
01:05:04,700 --> 01:05:06,900
healer. 
May visit, your dreams and 

1003
01:05:06,900 --> 01:05:10,700
provide clearer guidance. 
The chamber is dedicated to 

1004
01:05:10,700 --> 01:05:14,700
incubation dreams, a practice, 
the Egyptians of refined over 

1005
01:05:14,700 --> 01:05:19,200
centuries. 
You agree, partly from piety and

1006
01:05:19,200 --> 01:05:22,100
partly from genuine curiosity 
about what will happen. 

1007
01:05:23,000 --> 01:05:26,900
The priest seems pleased, he 
explains that you should purify 

1008
01:05:26,900 --> 01:05:30,600
yourself abstain from certain 
foods for the rest of the day 

1009
01:05:30,600 --> 01:05:34,800
and returned at sunset. 
When you come back, the evening 

1010
01:05:34,800 --> 01:05:36,800
air is Cooling and the skies 
turning. 

1011
01:05:36,800 --> 01:05:40,200
The color of copper The priest 
gives you herbs to drink. 

1012
01:05:40,200 --> 01:05:43,400
Nothing dramatic. 
Just a mild tea, that makes your

1013
01:05:43,400 --> 01:05:46,400
thoughts pleasantly fuzzy and 
your body relaxed. 

1014
01:05:47,300 --> 01:05:49,200
He leads you to the incubation 
chamber. 

1015
01:05:49,200 --> 01:05:52,200
A small room painted with 
calming scenes. 

1016
01:05:52,900 --> 01:05:55,000
Lotus flowers bloom in 
impossible. 

1017
01:05:55,000 --> 01:05:58,900
Profusion the Nile flows 
peacefully through Green Banks 

1018
01:05:58,900 --> 01:06:01,600
Birds Wing across a cloudless 
sky. 

1019
01:06:02,300 --> 01:06:06,000
The painted ceiling shows stars 
and constellations carefully. 

1020
01:06:06,000 --> 01:06:09,400
Rendered with the goddess nut 
arching across the heavens. 

1021
01:06:10,900 --> 01:06:14,100
The priest explains what you 
should do, lie down on the 

1022
01:06:14,100 --> 01:06:17,200
sleeping mat, clear? 
Your mind of daily concerns, 

1023
01:06:17,200 --> 01:06:20,400
Focus your thoughts on your 
question, your need for 

1024
01:06:20,400 --> 01:06:25,600
guidance, invite immature to 
speak to you, then simply allow 

1025
01:06:25,600 --> 01:06:30,300
sleep to come naturally. you're 
not to force anything, not to 

1026
01:06:30,300 --> 01:06:34,900
strain towards some mystical 
experience, just rest remain 

1027
01:06:34,900 --> 01:06:39,500
open and trust that if the God 
has wisdom for you, it will come

1028
01:06:40,900 --> 01:06:43,700
As you drift towards sleep in 
this carefully prepared space, 

1029
01:06:43,700 --> 01:06:49,000
you're aware in a distant dreamy
way that you're trying to dream 

1030
01:06:49,000 --> 01:06:52,000
something specific. 
You're not quite controlling the

1031
01:06:52,000 --> 01:06:56,000
dream but you're suggesting 
requesting. 

1032
01:06:57,300 --> 01:07:00,200
The boundary feels blurry and 
perhaps that blurriness is the 

1033
01:07:00,200 --> 01:07:02,800
point. 
Your conscious mind is releasing

1034
01:07:02,800 --> 01:07:05,000
control. 
While simultaneously holding an 

1035
01:07:05,000 --> 01:07:08,300
intention creating a kind of 
directed receptive. 

1036
01:07:08,300 --> 01:07:10,300
Miss that is different from your
normal sleep. 

1037
01:07:11,800 --> 01:07:14,600
Chambers painted walls, seem to 
pulse slightly in the dim lamp 

1038
01:07:14,600 --> 01:07:17,100
light. 
The center of the herbs lingers 

1039
01:07:17,100 --> 01:07:20,700
in your nostrils, you can hear 
distant sounds from the city. 

1040
01:07:20,700 --> 01:07:25,200
Someone laughing, a dog barking.
Cartwheels on Stone. 

1041
01:07:25,200 --> 01:07:29,000
But they feel far away 
separated, from you by more than

1042
01:07:29,008 --> 01:07:32,900
just the temple walls, your 
breathing deepens, your thoughts

1043
01:07:32,900 --> 01:07:36,800
begin to wonder and fragment and
then you're asleep though. 

1044
01:07:36,800 --> 01:07:39,500
The transition is so smooth, you
don't notice it happening. 

1045
01:07:39,500 --> 01:07:42,700
When you dream that night, you 
find yourself walking through a 

1046
01:07:42,700 --> 01:07:45,900
garden more beautiful than any 
you've seen in Waking Life. 

1047
01:07:46,600 --> 01:07:50,600
The trees are heavy with fruit 
pomegranates and dates and figs 

1048
01:07:50,600 --> 01:07:53,300
all growing together despite 
their different seasons. 

1049
01:07:54,500 --> 01:07:58,000
Water flows in channels that 
catch the light and flowers 

1050
01:07:58,000 --> 01:08:00,100
bloom in colors. 
You can't quite name. 

1051
01:08:00,900 --> 01:08:03,600
Your ancestors. 
Are there tending the plants 

1052
01:08:03,600 --> 01:08:06,400
moving among the trees with calm
purpose? 

1053
01:08:07,300 --> 01:08:10,908
Your grandfather dead. 
These 10 years looks up and 

1054
01:08:10,916 --> 01:08:15,700
smiles at you, he says something
about roots and growth about 

1055
01:08:15,700 --> 01:08:18,500
things that seemed lost but are 
merely transformed. 

1056
01:08:18,500 --> 01:08:23,200
You wait convinced that imitate 
this Vision that the gods spoke 

1057
01:08:23,200 --> 01:08:25,500
through the symbols of the 
garden and your ancestors as 

1058
01:08:25,500 --> 01:08:31,000
words and maybe in a sense he 
did or rather you did by 

1059
01:08:31,000 --> 01:08:34,300
creating conditions where your 
sleeping mind knew what kind of 

1060
01:08:34,308 --> 01:08:36,500
dream would bring you comfort 
and clarity. 

1061
01:08:37,800 --> 01:08:42,000
The temple environment. 
The priests Guidance, the herbal

1062
01:08:42,000 --> 01:08:44,399
preparation and the painted 
walls. 

1063
01:08:44,399 --> 01:08:48,500
Suggesting peaceful imagery. 
All of it can Spire to shape 

1064
01:08:48,500 --> 01:08:52,300
your dreaming in particular 
Direction's The temple Priests 

1065
01:08:52,300 --> 01:08:55,300
of notice something crucial, 
even if they interpret it 

1066
01:08:55,308 --> 01:08:56,800
through their theological 
framework. 

1067
01:08:57,899 --> 01:09:02,100
Dreams can be influenced by 
expectation environment and 

1068
01:09:02,100 --> 01:09:04,899
intention. 
They haven't developed this into

1069
01:09:04,899 --> 01:09:07,600
a systematic technique for 
achieving awareness during 

1070
01:09:07,600 --> 01:09:11,500
dreams, but their circling 
around a fundamental insight 

1071
01:09:11,500 --> 01:09:14,600
about consciousness. 
The mind can be prepared for 

1072
01:09:14,600 --> 01:09:18,800
certain types of experience. 
The boundary between waking 

1073
01:09:18,800 --> 01:09:21,800
intention and sleeping. 
Vision is more permeable than 

1074
01:09:21,800 --> 01:09:24,300
rigid. 
And the act of paying attention 

1075
01:09:24,300 --> 01:09:28,899
to dreams of treating them, a 
significant somehow changes the 

1076
01:09:28,899 --> 01:09:32,399
dreams themselves. 
When you leave the temple, the 

1077
01:09:32,399 --> 01:09:35,300
next morning, your calmer the 
dream of falling teeth. 

1078
01:09:35,300 --> 01:09:38,600
Hasn't recurred, you received, 
what feels like meaningful 

1079
01:09:38,600 --> 01:09:41,700
guidance, though. 
If pressed you'd have difficulty

1080
01:09:41,700 --> 01:09:44,800
explaining exactly what you 
learned or how it helps with 

1081
01:09:44,800 --> 01:09:48,500
your original anxiety, but that 
vagueness is part of the 

1082
01:09:48,508 --> 01:09:51,600
process. 
Dream worked on you emotionally 

1083
01:09:51,600 --> 01:09:54,500
and symbolically, rather than 
providing clear intellectual 

1084
01:09:54,500 --> 01:09:56,700
answers. 
And that seems to be exactly 

1085
01:09:56,700 --> 01:09:59,700
what you needed. 
You're a student in Athens 

1086
01:09:59,700 --> 01:10:03,900
around 400 BCE in your teacher, 
is just giving you an assignment

1087
01:10:03,900 --> 01:10:07,200
that sounds suspiciously like 
he's making things up as he goes

1088
01:10:07,200 --> 01:10:10,900
along. 
Remember your dreams, he says, 

1089
01:10:10,900 --> 01:10:14,000
with the Casual Authority that 
teaches you when they want to 

1090
01:10:14,000 --> 01:10:17,000
sound like they're conveying 
ancient wisdom rather than 

1091
01:10:17,000 --> 01:10:21,500
personal speculation. 
Not just remember that you had 

1092
01:10:21,500 --> 01:10:26,800
them but remember the details, 
what you saw, what you felt 

1093
01:10:26,800 --> 01:10:30,500
where your attention went and 
how you move through the 

1094
01:10:30,500 --> 01:10:33,500
Dreamscape. 
This teacher is influenced by 

1095
01:10:33,508 --> 01:10:36,600
Pythagorean ideas, though. 
He is careful to keep the more 

1096
01:10:36,600 --> 01:10:40,700
mystical aspects, quiet. 
Athens has a complicated 

1097
01:10:40,700 --> 01:10:44,200
relationship with philosophers 
who claimed special access to 

1098
01:10:44,200 --> 01:10:46,700
Hidden knowledge. 
The Socrates discovered in the 

1099
01:10:46,700 --> 01:10:48,900
most permanent way possible just
a few years ago. 

1100
01:10:50,200 --> 01:10:53,500
But your teacher is convinced 
that dreams matter, that they 

1101
01:10:53,500 --> 01:10:56,700
reveal something about, the 
souls true nature and that they 

1102
01:10:56,700 --> 01:11:00,000
represent the psyche freed from 
the constraints of physical, 

1103
01:11:00,000 --> 01:11:03,400
sensation of an able to perceive
more subtle truths. 

1104
01:11:04,400 --> 01:11:08,300
First step toward understanding 
them, he insists is simply 

1105
01:11:08,300 --> 01:11:14,000
paying attention. so, you start 
trying, That first night, you go

1106
01:11:14,008 --> 01:11:17,000
to sleep, with the intention of 
remembering telling yourself 

1107
01:11:17,000 --> 01:11:20,800
firmly as you drift off. 
I will remember my dreams. 

1108
01:11:20,800 --> 01:11:23,700
I will wake and recall them 
clearly. 

1109
01:11:24,400 --> 01:11:26,400
This seems to have no effect 
whatsoever. 

1110
01:11:27,300 --> 01:11:29,900
You wake the next morning with 
the vague sense that you 

1111
01:11:29,900 --> 01:11:32,300
dreamed. 
Something important there was 

1112
01:11:32,300 --> 01:11:36,200
water maybe or was it a 
Marketplace or possibly both? 

1113
01:11:37,300 --> 01:11:40,800
The details evaporate like 
Morning Mist, leaving only 

1114
01:11:40,800 --> 01:11:44,400
frustration and the dim sense of
having lost something that was 

1115
01:11:44,408 --> 01:11:48,600
present just moments ago. 
The second night, you try a 

1116
01:11:48,600 --> 01:11:51,400
different approach. 
You place a wax, tablet, and 

1117
01:11:51,400 --> 01:11:54,600
stylus next to your sleeping mat
within easy reach. 

1118
01:11:55,700 --> 01:11:58,800
The idea is to wake yourself 
slightly during the night and 

1119
01:11:58,800 --> 01:12:01,700
scratch down whatever. 
You remember before sinking back

1120
01:12:01,700 --> 01:12:07,700
into sleep, this works better. 
You do wake once disoriented and

1121
01:12:07,700 --> 01:12:11,400
confused with fragments of a 
dream, still cleaning to your 

1122
01:12:11,400 --> 01:12:14,000
mind. 
You grope for the tablet in the 

1123
01:12:14,000 --> 01:12:17,000
darkness and scratch a few words
before sleep. 

1124
01:12:17,000 --> 01:12:19,200
Reclaims. 
You In the morning. 

1125
01:12:19,200 --> 01:12:20,400
You examine what? 
You wrote. 

1126
01:12:21,300 --> 01:12:24,400
The letters are clumsy carved by
someone half asleep. 

1127
01:12:24,400 --> 01:12:27,000
And not bothering with proper 
spacing or straight lines. 

1128
01:12:27,700 --> 01:12:32,100
But you can decipher them. 
Fish made of light, the teacher 

1129
01:12:32,100 --> 01:12:35,900
had wings, it felt like flying 
but also like swimming. 

1130
01:12:36,900 --> 01:12:40,200
Reading these words brings the 
dream, flooding back in more 

1131
01:12:40,200 --> 01:12:42,300
detail. 
You're in a place that was 

1132
01:12:42,300 --> 01:12:46,500
simultaneously, ocean and sky 
where movement was effortless, 

1133
01:12:46,500 --> 01:12:50,400
where your teacher glided past 
you with great feather wings and

1134
01:12:50,400 --> 01:12:53,500
where schools of luminous fish 
swam through the air like they 

1135
01:12:53,500 --> 01:12:57,300
were moving through water. 
By the 5th night. 

1136
01:12:57,300 --> 01:13:00,400
You've developed a routine. 
You keep the tablet ready. 

1137
01:13:01,300 --> 01:13:04,200
before falling asleep, you spend
a few minutes reviewing the day 

1138
01:13:04,200 --> 01:13:08,200
and telling yourself, you'll 
remember your dreams when you 

1139
01:13:08,200 --> 01:13:12,200
wait, whether in the middle of 
the night or at dawn, you like 

1140
01:13:12,200 --> 01:13:15,800
still for a moment before moving
letting the dream memories 

1141
01:13:15,800 --> 01:13:19,300
solidify, then reach for the 
tablet and record what you can. 

1142
01:13:20,200 --> 01:13:23,800
The act of writing seems to 
Anchor the memories making them 

1143
01:13:23,800 --> 01:13:27,700
more stable and retrievable. 
This practice implies. 

1144
01:13:27,700 --> 01:13:29,600
It sounds is quietly 
revolutionary. 

1145
01:13:30,400 --> 01:13:33,000
Your training, your mind to 
build a bridge between sleeping 

1146
01:13:33,000 --> 01:13:36,000
and waking consciousness. 
Your creating the habit of 

1147
01:13:36,000 --> 01:13:39,500
noticing your own mental states 
of treating dreams as 

1148
01:13:39,500 --> 01:13:43,000
experienced as worth preserving,
rather than a femoral nonsense 

1149
01:13:43,000 --> 01:13:47,100
to be dismissed upon waking, And
occasionally, something odd 

1150
01:13:47,100 --> 01:13:51,300
happens, while dreaming, you 
have a moment of recognition, a 

1151
01:13:51,300 --> 01:13:54,400
flash of thought that says, I 
should remember this for my 

1152
01:13:54,408 --> 01:13:57,500
dream journal, it's brief and 
you usually forget it. 

1153
01:13:57,500 --> 01:14:01,600
Anyway, despite the intention 
But the fact that it happens at 

1154
01:14:01,600 --> 01:14:03,900
all suggests something 
interesting about the nature of 

1155
01:14:03,900 --> 01:14:07,100
awareness during sleep, your 
teacher is pleased with your 

1156
01:14:07,100 --> 01:14:10,000
progress, though. 
He himself is still working out 

1157
01:14:10,000 --> 01:14:14,000
the theoretical implications. 
He is noticed that students who 

1158
01:14:14,000 --> 01:14:17,400
practice dream recall 
consistently sometimes report 

1159
01:14:17,400 --> 01:14:22,100
moments of clarity within the 
dream itself. brief instance, 

1160
01:14:22,100 --> 01:14:25,600
where they seem to know their 
dreaming where they possess a 

1161
01:14:25,600 --> 01:14:29,800
dual awareness of being a sleep 
while experiencing the dream, He

1162
01:14:29,800 --> 01:14:32,700
doesn't have a proper framework 
for this yet and doesn't know 

1163
01:14:32,700 --> 01:14:34,900
what to call it or how to 
encourage it deliberately. 

1164
01:14:35,800 --> 01:14:39,100
But he seen enough examples to 
suspect that the sleeping mind 

1165
01:14:39,100 --> 01:14:41,900
is more accessible to conscious 
awareness than most people 

1166
01:14:41,900 --> 01:14:44,500
assume. 
You notice these moments 

1167
01:14:44,500 --> 01:14:48,700
yourself as your practice 
continues. one night, your 

1168
01:14:48,700 --> 01:14:52,300
dreaming that your competing in 
the gymnasium racing against 

1169
01:14:52,300 --> 01:14:56,600
other students, when you think 
My legs feel strange. 

1170
01:14:57,300 --> 01:15:00,200
Am I Dreaming? 
The question itself is 

1171
01:15:00,200 --> 01:15:02,900
remarkable. 
It shows some part of your mind 

1172
01:15:02,900 --> 01:15:06,800
stepping back and evaluating The
Experience rather than simply 

1173
01:15:06,800 --> 01:15:09,700
being immersed in it. 
But the answer doesn't come 

1174
01:15:09,700 --> 01:15:14,300
clearly or rather dream logic 
provides a nonsensical answer 

1175
01:15:14,300 --> 01:15:19,000
that you accept without further 
questioning know, it's just that

1176
01:15:19,000 --> 01:15:23,200
the ground is sloped differently
today. and the dream continues 

1177
01:15:23,200 --> 01:15:26,600
with you convinced of your 
waking State, despite the 

1178
01:15:26,600 --> 01:15:29,600
impossibility of your legs 
feeling simultaneously, heavy 

1179
01:15:29,600 --> 01:15:33,500
and weightless In the markets of
Athens dream, interpretation is 

1180
01:15:33,500 --> 01:15:37,300
becoming a booming business. 
Professional only romance is set

1181
01:15:37,300 --> 01:15:40,900
up shop near the Agora offering 
to decode dreams for a small 

1182
01:15:40,900 --> 01:15:43,300
fee. 
Most of them are charlatans, 

1183
01:15:43,300 --> 01:15:46,700
clever readers of human nature 
who tell people what they want 

1184
01:15:46,700 --> 01:15:50,800
to hear in vagina enough terms 
to seem profound. but a few of 

1185
01:15:50,800 --> 01:15:54,700
noticed the same patterns your 
teachers observed, People who 

1186
01:15:54,700 --> 01:15:58,500
pay attention to their dreams, 
who recalled and reflect on the 

1187
01:15:58,500 --> 01:16:02,200
report different experience than
people who ignore their dream 

1188
01:16:02,200 --> 01:16:06,400
life entirely. the act of 
observation seems to change the 

1189
01:16:06,400 --> 01:16:10,200
thing being observed, When you 
treat dreams as meaningless, 

1190
01:16:10,200 --> 01:16:13,400
forget about noise, they remain 
vague and unmemorable. 

1191
01:16:14,300 --> 01:16:17,600
But when you approach them with 
attention and respect recording 

1192
01:16:17,600 --> 01:16:20,600
them carefully, looking for 
patterns and recurring symbols, 

1193
01:16:20,600 --> 01:16:24,400
the dreams themselves seemed to 
become more Vivid, more 

1194
01:16:24,400 --> 01:16:27,100
coherent, and more accessible to
memory. 

1195
01:16:28,200 --> 01:16:31,300
It's as if you're sleeping mind 
responds to being taken 

1196
01:16:31,300 --> 01:16:35,400
seriously offering clearer and 
more detailed experiences, when 

1197
01:16:35,400 --> 01:16:38,400
it knows those experiences will 
be valued and preserved. 

1198
01:16:38,400 --> 01:16:42,200
You've been keeping your dream 
journal for three months now and

1199
01:16:42,200 --> 01:16:44,000
it's become a fascinating 
document. 

1200
01:16:44,900 --> 01:16:48,500
You can see patterns emerging 
certain images that recur 

1201
01:16:48,500 --> 01:16:52,800
particular anxieties that 
surface in symbolic form and 

1202
01:16:52,800 --> 01:16:55,500
Creative Solutions to problems. 
You've been working on during 

1203
01:16:55,500 --> 01:16:59,700
the day, there's the recurring 
dream of being in the academy, 

1204
01:16:59,700 --> 01:17:03,500
but unable to find your 
classroom, which clearly relates

1205
01:17:03,500 --> 01:17:06,400
to your ongoing anxiety about 
measuring up to your teacher's 

1206
01:17:06,400 --> 01:17:09,200
expectations. 
There are dreams where your 

1207
01:17:09,200 --> 01:17:12,400
speaking eloquently in public, 
which seemed to follow days. 

1208
01:17:12,400 --> 01:17:16,300
When you felt in articulate and 
clumsy with words, And there are

1209
01:17:16,300 --> 01:17:21,400
stranger less, interpretable 
dreams, surreal Landscapes, and 

1210
01:17:21,400 --> 01:17:24,200
possible, architecture and 
encounters with figures. 

1211
01:17:24,200 --> 01:17:27,800
Who might be gods or might be a 
malgamation's of people, you 

1212
01:17:27,800 --> 01:17:30,400
know? 
One entry stands out. 

1213
01:17:30,408 --> 01:17:34,000
You dreamed you were walking 
through Athens at night the 

1214
01:17:34,000 --> 01:17:36,100
streets familiar but somehow 
different. 

1215
01:17:37,000 --> 01:17:42,000
Cleaner more orderly lit by a 
silvery light that came from no 

1216
01:17:42,000 --> 01:17:44,700
visible source. 
You passed your teacher's house 

1217
01:17:44,700 --> 01:17:47,700
and noticed the door was open 
inside. 

1218
01:17:47,700 --> 01:17:50,700
He was sitting at a table 
covered with Scrolls, but the 

1219
01:17:50,700 --> 01:17:54,100
Scrolls were blank He looked up 
at you and said something about 

1220
01:17:54,100 --> 01:17:58,500
empty pages being the truest 
books and then this is the part 

1221
01:17:58,500 --> 01:18:01,800
that struck you as significant. 
You thought to yourself within 

1222
01:18:01,800 --> 01:18:05,300
the dream, I need to remember 
this phrase so I can ask him 

1223
01:18:05,300 --> 01:18:09,200
what it means to tomorrow. 
That thought shows a level of 

1224
01:18:09,200 --> 01:18:12,700
metacognition of weariness about
your own weariness. 

1225
01:18:12,700 --> 01:18:16,700
That's unusual in dreams. 
You were conscious enough to 

1226
01:18:16,700 --> 01:18:20,300
recognize that you are having an
experience worth preserving to 

1227
01:18:20,300 --> 01:18:23,800
think about your future waking 
self and what that self would 

1228
01:18:23,800 --> 01:18:27,900
want to know. you were for that 
brief moment, operating with a 

1229
01:18:27,900 --> 01:18:31,800
kind of dual Consciousness 
simultaneously immersed in the 

1230
01:18:31,800 --> 01:18:35,100
dream experience and standing 
slightly apart from it, 

1231
01:18:35,100 --> 01:18:39,500
observing and evaluating When 
you mentioned this dream to your

1232
01:18:39,508 --> 01:18:41,600
teacher, his eyes lit up with 
interest. 

1233
01:18:42,400 --> 01:18:46,300
That moment of recognition, he 
said, is what we should be 

1234
01:18:46,300 --> 01:18:49,600
cultivating. 
The ability to maintain some 

1235
01:18:49,600 --> 01:18:52,200
thread of awareness. 
Even when the rational mind 

1236
01:18:52,200 --> 01:18:56,100
sleeps, the pythagoreans 
believed the soul travels during

1237
01:18:56,100 --> 01:18:58,300
sleep freed from bodily, 
constraints. 

1238
01:18:59,100 --> 01:19:02,300
What you experienced was, your 
soul becoming aware of itself 

1239
01:19:02,300 --> 01:19:06,200
recognizing its own nature, even
while engaged in the journey. 

1240
01:19:07,500 --> 01:19:11,100
He's assigned you a new practice
throughout the day at random 

1241
01:19:11,100 --> 01:19:12,700
moments. 
Pause and ask yourself. 

1242
01:19:12,700 --> 01:19:16,700
Am I Dreaming then examine your 
surroundings for evidence. 

1243
01:19:17,800 --> 01:19:19,700
Can you remember how you got to 
where you are? 

1244
01:19:20,400 --> 01:19:23,200
Do the details remain stable, 
when you look away and back, 

1245
01:19:23,200 --> 01:19:25,800
does everything follow logical 
rules. 

1246
01:19:27,200 --> 01:19:30,200
The point isn't to answer the 
question of the awake during the

1247
01:19:30,208 --> 01:19:34,300
day, but to build a habit of 
questioning of examining your 

1248
01:19:34,300 --> 01:19:38,000
state of consciousness, The 
theory is that, if you do this 

1249
01:19:38,000 --> 01:19:41,600
often enough while awake, you'll
eventually do it while a sleep 

1250
01:19:41,600 --> 01:19:45,300
and that moment of questioning 
might trigger the realization 

1251
01:19:45,300 --> 01:19:48,700
that your dreaming. your 
skeptical, but willing to try, 

1252
01:19:49,500 --> 01:19:52,700
After all the dream journal, 
practice in pointless at first, 

1253
01:19:52,700 --> 01:19:55,300
and it turned out to be 
genuinely valuable. 

1254
01:19:55,300 --> 01:19:58,800
So you start incorporating These
reality checks into your day. 

1255
01:19:59,700 --> 01:20:02,100
While listening to a lecture you
pause and ask yourself. 

1256
01:20:02,100 --> 01:20:06,200
Am I Dreaming? 
You look at your hands check, if

1257
01:20:06,200 --> 01:20:09,500
the text on the scroll stays 
consistent and try to remember 

1258
01:20:09,500 --> 01:20:11,900
the sequence of events that 
brought you to this moment. 

1259
01:20:12,800 --> 01:20:14,500
The answer is always. 
No, I'm awake. 

1260
01:20:14,500 --> 01:20:17,000
But the practice keeps you 
attentive to your own 

1261
01:20:17,000 --> 01:20:19,900
Consciousness in a way? 
That's oddly, interesting. 

1262
01:20:20,800 --> 01:20:23,800
You are a novice monk, in a 
monastery perched, on a Tibetan 

1263
01:20:23,800 --> 01:20:28,100
Mountainside around 900 CE. 
The air is thinner and enough 

1264
01:20:28,100 --> 01:20:31,800
that newcomers spend their first
weeks short of breath, gasping, 

1265
01:20:31,800 --> 01:20:35,100
during meditation session and 
struggling to complete simple, 

1266
01:20:35,100 --> 01:20:37,600
physical tasks without their 
hearts hammering. 

1267
01:20:38,600 --> 01:20:39,900
But you've lived here since 
childhood. 

1268
01:20:39,900 --> 01:20:43,300
Your parents brought you to the 
monastery when you were seven 

1269
01:20:43,300 --> 01:20:47,200
offering you to the sang hires 
and act of devotion and your 

1270
01:20:47,200 --> 01:20:48,900
lungs of adapted to the 
altitude. 

1271
01:20:48,900 --> 01:20:52,000
What hasn't adapted despite 
years of training? 

1272
01:20:52,000 --> 01:20:55,900
Is your ability to maintain 
awareness during sleep which 

1273
01:20:55,900 --> 01:21:01,500
your teacher insists is possible
necessary and most annoyingly 

1274
01:21:01,500 --> 01:21:04,000
simple. 
Once you understand the 

1275
01:21:04,000 --> 01:21:08,200
technique properly, the problem 
he explains for what must be the

1276
01:21:08,200 --> 01:21:12,000
20th time, his voice patient, 
but edged, with the faintest 

1277
01:21:12,000 --> 01:21:16,300
exasperation Is that you assume 
waking and sleeping a 

1278
01:21:16,300 --> 01:21:21,400
fundamentally different states? 
But Consciousness continues it 

1279
01:21:21,400 --> 01:21:23,500
simply changes its object of 
attention. 

1280
01:21:24,300 --> 01:21:27,500
This sounds profound when he 
says it accompanied by the 

1281
01:21:27,500 --> 01:21:30,900
singing bowls and the thin 
Mountain Air and the sense that 

1282
01:21:30,900 --> 01:21:34,100
wisdom is being transmitted. 
But it isn't particularly 

1283
01:21:34,100 --> 01:21:36,800
helpful when you're lying on 
your sleeping mat at night, 

1284
01:21:36,800 --> 01:21:40,100
tired and confused trying to 
figure out what exactly you're 

1285
01:21:40,100 --> 01:21:43,200
supposed to do differently. 
Continue Consciousness. 

1286
01:21:43,200 --> 01:21:48,700
How by what mechanism through, 
what practice the technique he's

1287
01:21:48,700 --> 01:21:51,900
taught, you involves cultivating
a habit of questioning reality 

1288
01:21:51,900 --> 01:21:54,800
during the day. 
Throughout your waking hours, 

1289
01:21:54,800 --> 01:21:57,800
you're supposed to periodically,
stop, whatever you're doing and 

1290
01:21:57,800 --> 01:22:00,000
ask yourself. 
Am I Dreaming right now? 

1291
01:22:00,000 --> 01:22:03,500
Then you look for signs that 
might indicate your in a dream. 

1292
01:22:04,300 --> 01:22:08,300
Text that shifts when you look 
away and back unusual events 

1293
01:22:08,300 --> 01:22:12,000
that violate natural law or 
logical, inconsistencies in your

1294
01:22:12,000 --> 01:22:15,700
environment or recent memories 
during the day, the answer is 

1295
01:22:15,700 --> 01:22:19,300
always know, I'm awake but the 
practice builds a habit that 

1296
01:22:19,300 --> 01:22:22,700
eventually according to your 
teacher carries over into sleep.

1297
01:22:23,400 --> 01:22:26,000
You've been doing this for 
months every hour. 

1298
01:22:26,000 --> 01:22:28,200
Roughly you pause and ask the 
question. 

1299
01:22:28,200 --> 01:22:31,800
You examine your hands, they 
look normal solid and 

1300
01:22:31,800 --> 01:22:34,600
consistent. 
You read a line of scripture. 

1301
01:22:34,600 --> 01:22:39,000
Look away and read it again. 
The text is unchanged. 

1302
01:22:39,000 --> 01:22:41,900
You try to recall how you 
arrived at your current 

1303
01:22:41,900 --> 01:22:44,500
location. 
And the sequence of events makes

1304
01:22:44,500 --> 01:22:47,500
perfect sense. 
You're definitely awake. 

1305
01:22:48,100 --> 01:22:52,700
And yet the practice continues 
day after day a ritualized, 

1306
01:22:52,700 --> 01:22:56,500
questioning that starting to 
feel less like meditation and 

1307
01:22:56,500 --> 01:22:59,500
more like an elaborate game. 
You're playing with yourself or 

1308
01:22:59,500 --> 01:23:03,100
unclear steaks. 
Tonight after evening prayers 

1309
01:23:03,100 --> 01:23:06,100
your lying on your narrow 
sleeping mat and your mind is 

1310
01:23:06,100 --> 01:23:08,900
still buzzing with the question.
Am I dreaming? 

1311
01:23:08,900 --> 01:23:13,700
You're definitely not. 
The stone floor is cold even 

1312
01:23:13,700 --> 01:23:17,600
through the thin cushion. your 
knee hurts from the extended 

1313
01:23:17,600 --> 01:23:21,600
kneeling during prostration, you
can hear another monks snoring 

1314
01:23:21,600 --> 01:23:26,500
three Maps away arithm that 
suggests serious sinus, problems

1315
01:23:26,500 --> 01:23:31,100
and zero awareness of how 
disruptive the sound is your own

1316
01:23:31,100 --> 01:23:34,800
breathing is slowing asleep. 
Approaches that familiar descent

1317
01:23:34,800 --> 01:23:37,400
into unconsciousness. 
That's happened thousands of 

1318
01:23:37,400 --> 01:23:40,300
times before. 
You drift off thinking about the

1319
01:23:40,300 --> 01:23:43,300
question which is exactly what 
your teacher suggested. 

1320
01:23:43,300 --> 01:23:47,400
Not forcing it. 
Not concentrating hard, just 

1321
01:23:47,400 --> 01:23:50,500
letting it float gently in your 
mind as you cross the threshold 

1322
01:23:50,500 --> 01:23:52,500
into sleep. 
Am I Dreaming? 

1323
01:23:52,500 --> 01:23:57,600
Am I Dreaming? 
Am I The Dream Begins ordinarily

1324
01:23:57,600 --> 01:24:01,300
enough, you're walking through 
the monastery, Courtyard and the

1325
01:24:01,300 --> 01:24:03,700
light has that particular 
quality of late afternoon, 

1326
01:24:03,700 --> 01:24:08,800
golden and slanting making the 
prayer Flags cast Long Shadows, 

1327
01:24:08,800 --> 01:24:12,600
across the stones. 
Everything feels normal, your 

1328
01:24:12,600 --> 01:24:16,800
feet on the ground, feel solid. 
The air has the characteristic, 

1329
01:24:16,800 --> 01:24:21,000
crispness of high altitude. 
Nothing seems unusual or worth 

1330
01:24:21,000 --> 01:24:24,400
questioning. 
You walked toward the Fountain 

1331
01:24:24,400 --> 01:24:26,900
of the courtyard Center 
intending to fill your water 

1332
01:24:26,900 --> 01:24:28,900
bowl. 
But when you get close, you 

1333
01:24:28,900 --> 01:24:33,600
notice something odd. 
Fountain is Flowing upward water

1334
01:24:33,600 --> 01:24:37,600
is climbing into the air in a 
neat column Rising 10 feet or 

1335
01:24:37,600 --> 01:24:40,500
more before dispersing into 
missed that vanishes into the 

1336
01:24:40,500 --> 01:24:42,900
sunlight. 
This should surprise you. 

1337
01:24:42,900 --> 01:24:45,000
This should immediately signal 
that. 

1338
01:24:45,000 --> 01:24:48,100
Something is wrong, that this 
violate everything, you know 

1339
01:24:48,100 --> 01:24:52,600
about how water behaves. 
But dream logic, that strange 

1340
01:24:52,600 --> 01:24:55,300
cognitive fog, that makes 
impossible things seem 

1341
01:24:55,300 --> 01:24:58,700
reasonable offers an explanation
that you accept without 

1342
01:24:58,700 --> 01:25:01,900
question. 
Oh, someone must have changed 

1343
01:25:01,900 --> 01:25:03,900
the fountain. 
That's nice. 

1344
01:25:03,900 --> 01:25:05,500
It looks quite beautiful like 
this. 

1345
01:25:05,500 --> 01:25:07,600
You stand there watching The 
Impossible. 

1346
01:25:07,600 --> 01:25:11,000
Water for several moments. 
Admiring the way light catches 

1347
01:25:11,000 --> 01:25:14,700
in the ascending column and how 
the Mist creates small rainbows 

1348
01:25:14,700 --> 01:25:18,400
and then like a quiet bell. 
Ringing in a distant room. 

1349
01:25:18,400 --> 01:25:21,400
The question surfaces from some 
deeper part of your mind. 

1350
01:25:22,400 --> 01:25:25,400
Am I Dreaming? 
It's the same question, you've 

1351
01:25:25,400 --> 01:25:29,200
asked yourself countless times 
during the day but now in this 

1352
01:25:29,200 --> 01:25:31,200
context, it triggers something 
different. 

1353
01:25:32,100 --> 01:25:35,800
You look at the fountain again, 
really look at it and understand

1354
01:25:35,800 --> 01:25:40,000
that water doesn't flow upward. 
you look at your hands, another 

1355
01:25:40,000 --> 01:25:44,400
technique, your teacher 
demonstrated and they look odd. 

1356
01:25:44,400 --> 01:25:48,300
The details won't quite. 
Hold still, you try counting 

1357
01:25:48,300 --> 01:25:53,600
your fingers and the number 
keeps changing 5, then 6, then 

1358
01:25:53,600 --> 01:25:56,400
4. 
The couch shifting each time, 

1359
01:25:56,400 --> 01:26:00,600
you try to focus on it. 
Suddenly with a Clarity that's 

1360
01:26:00,600 --> 01:26:04,300
almost shocking and it's bright.
You understand your asleep? 

1361
01:26:04,300 --> 01:26:07,900
This is dream. 
You're aware of this fact while 

1362
01:26:07,900 --> 01:26:12,000
the dream continues around you 
The fountain is still there. 

1363
01:26:12,000 --> 01:26:17,300
Still flowing impossibly upward.
The courtyard hasn't changed the

1364
01:26:17,300 --> 01:26:20,100
late afternoon, light still 
Slants across the stones. 

1365
01:26:20,900 --> 01:26:23,800
But your relationship to all of 
it has transformed completely. 

1366
01:26:24,800 --> 01:26:28,100
You can feel your sleeping body 
on the mat in some distant. 

1367
01:26:28,100 --> 01:26:32,800
Peripheral way, the Cold Stone 
beneath you, the rough wool 

1368
01:26:32,800 --> 01:26:35,000
blanket, and the position of 
your limbs. 

1369
01:26:36,300 --> 01:26:39,500
You understand that this entire 
scene is occurring in your mind 

1370
01:26:39,500 --> 01:26:42,300
that your lying unconscious on a
monastery. 

1371
01:26:42,300 --> 01:26:44,700
Sleeping mat while 
simultaneously standing 

1372
01:26:44,700 --> 01:26:47,100
conscious in this dream 
Courtyard. 

1373
01:26:48,000 --> 01:26:51,700
The Dual awareness is strange 
and wonderful and unlike 

1374
01:26:51,700 --> 01:26:53,300
anything you've experienced 
before. 

1375
01:26:54,300 --> 01:26:58,600
You realize with a combination 
of excitement and deep calm that

1376
01:26:58,600 --> 01:27:00,200
you might be able to change 
things. 

1377
01:27:01,100 --> 01:27:04,500
This is part of the training, 
not just becoming aware in 

1378
01:27:04,500 --> 01:27:09,000
dreams, but learning to work 
with them, to shape them, to use

1379
01:27:09,000 --> 01:27:11,600
them for Spiritual Development, 
and exploration of 

1380
01:27:11,600 --> 01:27:14,800
consciousness. 
You will make the fountain flow 

1381
01:27:14,800 --> 01:27:19,800
normally nothing happens. 
You try again, concentrating? 

1382
01:27:19,800 --> 01:27:22,900
Harder focusing. 
Your intention the way you would

1383
01:27:22,900 --> 01:27:27,900
during meditation still nothing.
The water continues, its upward 

1384
01:27:27,900 --> 01:27:30,900
Journey completely ignoring your
mental commands. 

1385
01:27:30,900 --> 01:27:34,500
Apparently dream control isn't 
quite as simple as your teacher 

1386
01:27:34,500 --> 01:27:37,400
implied, which you'll enjoy 
pointing out to him tomorrow 

1387
01:27:37,400 --> 01:27:39,600
morning with all the 
satisfaction of a student, 

1388
01:27:39,600 --> 01:27:41,500
finding a gap in the Masters 
knowledge. 

1389
01:27:42,300 --> 01:27:44,900
But the awareness remains stable
and clear. 

1390
01:27:45,800 --> 01:27:48,100
You spend, what feels like 
several minutes, simply 

1391
01:27:48,100 --> 01:27:52,000
observing the dream noting its 
qualities marveling. 

1392
01:27:52,000 --> 01:27:55,900
At the vividness of sensation. 
The stone beneath your feet 

1393
01:27:55,900 --> 01:27:59,200
feels absolutely real. 
The air has texture and 

1394
01:27:59,208 --> 01:28:02,400
temperature and sounds have 
proper directionality and 

1395
01:28:02,400 --> 01:28:04,900
volume. 
Everything is rendered in 

1396
01:28:04,900 --> 01:28:09,400
perfect detail indistinguishable
from waking experience except 

1397
01:28:09,400 --> 01:28:12,600
for the fact that you know it's 
not you experiment with 

1398
01:28:12,600 --> 01:28:15,800
different actions. 
You try to fly because this 

1399
01:28:15,800 --> 01:28:18,500
seems like an obvious thing to 
attempt in a lucid dream. 

1400
01:28:18,500 --> 01:28:22,500
You jump and will yourself 
upward but gravity Works 

1401
01:28:22,500 --> 01:28:25,300
normally and you simply land 
back on the ground. 

1402
01:28:26,300 --> 01:28:29,800
You try to make something 
appear, perhaps a lotus flower 

1403
01:28:29,800 --> 01:28:32,300
in your hand. 
You close your eyes and 

1404
01:28:32,300 --> 01:28:35,200
concentrate. 
When you open them, there's 

1405
01:28:35,200 --> 01:28:38,300
nothing there. 
Whatever capacity you have to 

1406
01:28:38,300 --> 01:28:42,000
influence this dream, it's not 
responding to direct commands or

1407
01:28:42,000 --> 01:28:45,000
visualizations. 
But then you notice something. 

1408
01:28:45,000 --> 01:28:49,700
Interesting, your emotions 
affect the dream When you feel 

1409
01:28:49,700 --> 01:28:53,500
frustrated about your inability 
to control things, the light in 

1410
01:28:53,500 --> 01:28:55,900
the courtyard, dims slightly in 
the air grows cooler. 

1411
01:28:56,700 --> 01:28:59,200
When you let go of that 
frustration and simply feel 

1412
01:28:59,200 --> 01:29:03,400
curious about the experience. 
the light brightens again and 

1413
01:29:03,400 --> 01:29:07,200
the whole scene becomes more 
Vivid it subtle, but 

1414
01:29:07,200 --> 01:29:11,400
unmistakable The dream responds 
to your emotional state rather 

1415
01:29:11,400 --> 01:29:13,000
than to your conscious 
intention. 

1416
01:29:13,000 --> 01:29:18,100
You try working with this, you 
cultivate a feeling of calm Joy.

1417
01:29:18,100 --> 01:29:22,500
The kind you experience during 
successful meditation The 

1418
01:29:22,500 --> 01:29:26,000
courtyard seems to Glow in 
response colors, becoming richer

1419
01:29:26,000 --> 01:29:31,100
edges, more defined, you shift 
to compassion, thinking of all 

1420
01:29:31,100 --> 01:29:34,200
beings trapped in the cycle of 
suffering and wishing them 

1421
01:29:34,200 --> 01:29:37,700
liberation. 
The dream softens somehow. 

1422
01:29:38,400 --> 01:29:42,800
Coming, gentler more welcoming. 
The upward flowing, Fountain, 

1423
01:29:42,800 --> 01:29:45,400
begins producing a sound like 
Distant Bells. 

1424
01:29:45,400 --> 01:29:48,600
This can continue for what feels
like much longer than most 

1425
01:29:48,600 --> 01:29:51,500
streams, last five minutes, 10 
minutes. 

1426
01:29:51,500 --> 01:29:53,800
He can't really judge time 
accurately. 

1427
01:29:55,300 --> 01:29:57,800
But throughout it all, you 
maintain that thread of 

1428
01:29:57,800 --> 01:30:01,000
awareness that knowledge that 
you're asleep and dreaming. 

1429
01:30:01,700 --> 01:30:05,900
Its effortful in a subtle way, 
requiring a kind of balance 

1430
01:30:05,900 --> 01:30:09,400
detention where, you can't think
too hard about being aware or 

1431
01:30:09,400 --> 01:30:12,500
you'll lose the awareness, but 
you can't let your mind wander 

1432
01:30:12,500 --> 01:30:15,800
completely or you'll slip back 
into ordinary unconscious 

1433
01:30:15,800 --> 01:30:18,500
dreaming. 
Eventually something shifts. 

1434
01:30:19,200 --> 01:30:21,200
Your attention waivers for just 
a moment. 

1435
01:30:21,208 --> 01:30:24,600
You start thinking about how 
you'll describe this experience 

1436
01:30:24,600 --> 01:30:27,700
to your teacher and the 
analytical thinking calls you 

1437
01:30:27,700 --> 01:30:32,200
slightly toward wakefulness. 
The courtyard begins to fade 

1438
01:30:32,200 --> 01:30:35,000
becoming less solid and more 
dreamlike in the conventional 

1439
01:30:35,000 --> 01:30:37,200
sense. 
You try to hold onto the 

1440
01:30:37,200 --> 01:30:40,400
awareness, but it's slipping the
clear knowledge is evolving. 

1441
01:30:40,400 --> 01:30:42,800
And then you're in a different 
dream, entirely. 

1442
01:30:42,800 --> 01:30:46,600
Something about climbing stairs,
that keep rearranging themselves

1443
01:30:46,600 --> 01:30:51,400
and the Lucidity is gone. 
You wait a while later in the 

1444
01:30:51,408 --> 01:30:54,200
Deep part of the night, when the
monastery is completely silent. 

1445
01:30:55,200 --> 01:30:59,300
For a moment you lie there, 
perfectly still afraid that 

1446
01:30:59,300 --> 01:31:02,300
moving will disrupt the crystal 
clear memory of what just 

1447
01:31:02,300 --> 01:31:05,000
happened. 
Then carefully you reach for the

1448
01:31:05,000 --> 01:31:07,500
small journal and ink you keep 
me on that. 

1449
01:31:08,300 --> 01:31:12,100
Specifically for recording 
dreams, another practice your 

1450
01:31:12,100 --> 01:31:15,100
teacher insists on. 
And you write down everything 

1451
01:31:15,100 --> 01:31:17,000
you can remember while it's 
still fresh. 

1452
01:31:17,900 --> 01:31:19,400
The next morning during the 
period. 

1453
01:31:19,400 --> 01:31:22,900
After Dawn meditation, when 
students can ask questions, you 

1454
01:31:22,900 --> 01:31:25,000
catch your teachers eye and give
a small nod. 

1455
01:31:25,800 --> 01:31:29,400
He smiles slightly and nods back
understanding immediately. 

1456
01:31:29,400 --> 01:31:32,400
You've crossed a threshold that 
monks have been Crossing for 

1457
01:31:32,400 --> 01:31:35,800
centuries joining a quiet 
tradition of practitioners 

1458
01:31:35,800 --> 01:31:38,000
who've learned to maintain 
Consciousness through the 

1459
01:31:38,000 --> 01:31:41,900
transition into sleep. 
The tradition calls, it dream 

1460
01:31:41,900 --> 01:31:46,200
yoga using dreams as a practice 
ground for recognizing the 

1461
01:31:46,200 --> 01:31:48,600
illusory nature of all 
experience. 

1462
01:31:49,400 --> 01:31:52,400
For developing the kind of 
stable awareness that persists 

1463
01:31:52,400 --> 01:31:54,600
regardless of whether you're 
awake or asleep. 

1464
01:31:55,900 --> 01:31:59,100
Over the following weeks, you'll
have more elusive dreams. 

1465
01:31:59,100 --> 01:32:02,200
Each one teaching, you something
about the nature of awareness 

1466
01:32:02,200 --> 01:32:05,400
and the relationship between 
mind and experience. 

1467
01:32:06,200 --> 01:32:09,300
You'll learn that strong. 
Emotions tend to destabilize the

1468
01:32:09,300 --> 01:32:12,500
Lucid state. 
You'll discover the expectation 

1469
01:32:12,500 --> 01:32:15,100
shape, the dream, more than 
direct commands do. 

1470
01:32:16,000 --> 01:32:19,000
You'll find that the most 
profound experience is come not 

1471
01:32:19,000 --> 01:32:22,000
from trying to control the dream
but from Simply being present 

1472
01:32:22,000 --> 01:32:25,400
in, it maintaining a wenaas 
while remaining open to whatever

1473
01:32:25,400 --> 01:32:28,100
arises. 
Your teacher will guide you 

1474
01:32:28,100 --> 01:32:30,600
deeper into the practice 
teaching you to use. 

1475
01:32:30,600 --> 01:32:35,200
Lucid dreams for specific 
purposes, rehearsing meditations

1476
01:32:35,200 --> 01:32:37,400
contemplating Buddhist 
teachings. 

1477
01:32:37,400 --> 01:32:40,700
In the Vivid symbolic language 
of dreams, and even practicing 

1478
01:32:40,700 --> 01:32:44,200
for the experience of death. 
Which Tibetan Buddhism views. 

1479
01:32:44,200 --> 01:32:48,000
A similar to the dream state? 
Consciousness separated from its

1480
01:32:48,000 --> 01:32:51,500
familiar reference points. 
Navigating a realm shape by 

1481
01:32:51,500 --> 01:32:55,800
Karma and mental habits but all 
of that comes later tonight. 

1482
01:32:55,800 --> 01:32:59,200
You've simply had your first 
clear moment of recognition 

1483
01:32:59,200 --> 01:33:03,700
within a dream that flash of 
awareness that says I'm sleeping

1484
01:33:03,700 --> 01:33:08,300
and I know it It's a small 
achievement in the monasteries 

1485
01:33:08,300 --> 01:33:10,600
terms. 
Many monks have gone much 

1486
01:33:10,600 --> 01:33:12,800
further. 
Maintaining continuous 

1487
01:33:12,800 --> 01:33:16,300
Consciousness through sleep 
transforming dreams into 

1488
01:33:16,300 --> 01:33:21,000
sophisticated meditations. 
But for you right now, it feels 

1489
01:33:21,000 --> 01:33:24,100
miraculous like discovering a 
hidden room in a house. 

1490
01:33:24,100 --> 01:33:27,700
You thought you knew completely 
You're a Merchants daughter in 

1491
01:33:27,700 --> 01:33:31,800
Florence around 1350 CE and 
you've been having the strangest

1492
01:33:31,800 --> 01:33:35,900
experience for the past week? 
Started when you attended a 

1493
01:33:35,900 --> 01:33:39,300
sermon with a priest, discussed 
visions and divine messages 

1494
01:33:39,300 --> 01:33:42,900
emphasizing with considerable, 
dramatic Flair, that God, 

1495
01:33:42,900 --> 01:33:46,800
sometimes speaks to people in 
sleep, sending angels or Saints 

1496
01:33:46,800 --> 01:33:50,500
to deliver warnings guidance or 
comfort. 

1497
01:33:51,400 --> 01:33:55,300
The examples he gave were Vivid.
People dreaming of Heaven's 

1498
01:33:55,300 --> 01:33:57,900
Glory. 
Receiving instructions about 

1499
01:33:57,900 --> 01:34:01,600
their life's purpose and even 
being shown future events that 

1500
01:34:01,600 --> 01:34:05,800
later came to pass exactly as 
dreamed. that night while 

1501
01:34:05,800 --> 01:34:08,800
dreaming that you were flying 
over the city's, red tiled roofs

1502
01:34:08,800 --> 01:34:11,800
you suddenly thought God is 
showing me this. 

1503
01:34:12,500 --> 01:34:15,700
The thought itself woke, you 
partially pulling you into that 

1504
01:34:15,700 --> 01:34:18,700
strange liminal State between 
sleeping and waking. 

1505
01:34:19,500 --> 01:34:22,200
You hovered there for several 
moments aware that you were in 

1506
01:34:22,200 --> 01:34:25,400
bed, but still able to see the 
Dreamscape of Florence spreading

1507
01:34:25,400 --> 01:34:27,500
below. 
You, the Duomo with its 

1508
01:34:27,500 --> 01:34:31,100
incomplete dough, the Arno, 
winding through the city, and 

1509
01:34:31,100 --> 01:34:33,800
the surrounding Hills covered in
Olive, Groves and Vineyards. 

1510
01:34:34,700 --> 01:34:38,000
It was disorienting and 
wonderful and you fell back into

1511
01:34:38,000 --> 01:34:41,200
the dream almost immediately. 
But this time without the 

1512
01:34:41,200 --> 01:34:44,900
awareness simply experiencing 
the flight as a seamless part of

1513
01:34:44,900 --> 01:34:48,000
the dream narrative. 
Since then it's been happening, 

1514
01:34:48,000 --> 01:34:51,100
more frequently, you'll be in 
the middle of a completely 

1515
01:34:51,100 --> 01:34:53,500
ordinary dream walking through 
the market. 

1516
01:34:53,500 --> 01:34:57,100
Helping your mother with weaving
attending, Mass when recognition

1517
01:34:57,100 --> 01:35:02,800
strike's This is a dream. 
Sometimes the realization ends, 

1518
01:35:02,800 --> 01:35:06,400
the dream instantly popping it 
like a soap, bubble, and leaving

1519
01:35:06,400 --> 01:35:08,600
you lying away from the darkness
of your bedroom. 

1520
01:35:08,600 --> 01:35:13,900
Disoriented and slightly 
disappointed, Other times you 

1521
01:35:13,900 --> 01:35:17,600
maintain the awareness for a few
moments, observing the Dream 

1522
01:35:17,600 --> 01:35:21,400
from this strange dual 
perspective, where your 

1523
01:35:21,400 --> 01:35:24,800
simultaneously inside the 
experience and watching it from 

1524
01:35:24,800 --> 01:35:27,600
outside. 
And you haven't told anyone 

1525
01:35:27,600 --> 01:35:30,300
about this because you're not 
entirely sure it's appropriate 

1526
01:35:30,300 --> 01:35:34,000
or safe to discuss. 
The church has complicated and 

1527
01:35:34,000 --> 01:35:36,300
somewhat contradictory views 
about dreams. 

1528
01:35:37,100 --> 01:35:40,900
Summer considered Divine 
messages sent by God, or his 

1529
01:35:40,900 --> 01:35:44,300
angels to guide the faithful. 
These are sacred and should be 

1530
01:35:44,300 --> 01:35:47,600
heated carefully. 
Other dreams are Temptations 

1531
01:35:47,600 --> 01:35:51,400
from demons designed to lead 
people astray through false 

1532
01:35:51,400 --> 01:35:53,000
visions and deceptive image or 
imagery. 

1533
01:35:53,900 --> 01:35:55,800
These should be resisted and 
ignored. 

1534
01:35:56,600 --> 01:35:59,100
And still other dreams are just 
the result of eating too much 

1535
01:35:59,108 --> 01:36:01,800
cheese before bed. 
According to your grandmother 

1536
01:36:01,800 --> 01:36:04,800
and have no spiritual 
significance, whatsoever. 

1537
01:36:05,900 --> 01:36:09,200
The idea that you might be 
somehow conscious during dreams 

1538
01:36:09,200 --> 01:36:13,400
aware that your dreaming, while 
the dream continues choosing, 

1539
01:36:13,400 --> 01:36:16,000
what happens or at least 
observing with full knowledge 

1540
01:36:16,000 --> 01:36:19,500
that none of it is real. 
This feels like it might fall 

1541
01:36:19,500 --> 01:36:21,600
into the potentially heretical 
category. 

1542
01:36:22,700 --> 01:36:24,500
Are you supposed to be able to 
do this? 

1543
01:36:24,500 --> 01:36:26,900
Is this a gift from God or 
something? 

1544
01:36:26,900 --> 01:36:30,700
More dangerous. 
Could demons use this state to 

1545
01:36:30,700 --> 01:36:34,200
deceive you more effectively? 
Catching you in a moment of 

1546
01:36:34,200 --> 01:36:37,400
vulnerability. 
You don't know and you're not 

1547
01:36:37,408 --> 01:36:40,200
about to ask the priest and risk
being told to do Penance or 

1548
01:36:40,200 --> 01:36:42,900
worse. 
But you've noticed patterns in 

1549
01:36:42,900 --> 01:36:46,700
when the awareness arises it 
comes mostly when something in 

1550
01:36:46,700 --> 01:36:49,900
the dream is unusual, when 
you're deceased, aren't appears 

1551
01:36:49,900 --> 01:36:52,900
looking young and healthy and of
Wasted by the plague that took 

1552
01:36:52,900 --> 01:36:56,200
her when the street your walking
down leads somewhere, it 

1553
01:36:56,200 --> 01:37:00,300
shouldn't when you find yourself
in your father's warehouse, but 

1554
01:37:00,500 --> 01:37:04,600
it somehow also the cathedral, 
or when the laws of nature Bend 

1555
01:37:04,600 --> 01:37:07,800
in small ways that would be 
impossible in Waking Life. 

1556
01:37:08,600 --> 01:37:11,600
These inconsistencies seem to 
trigger a part of your mind that

1557
01:37:11,600 --> 01:37:16,300
notices and questions even while
asleep It similar to the way. 

1558
01:37:16,300 --> 01:37:19,400
You might notice a wrong note in
a familiar hymn the 

1559
01:37:19,400 --> 01:37:22,300
inconsistency stands out against
your knowledge of how things 

1560
01:37:22,300 --> 01:37:25,800
should be your mind Flags it as 
requiring attention. 

1561
01:37:26,600 --> 01:37:30,300
In dreams though, this noticing 
is usually suppressed by what 

1562
01:37:30,300 --> 01:37:34,200
you think of as dream fog. 
That strange acceptance that 

1563
01:37:34,200 --> 01:37:36,600
makes impossible things. 
Seem perfectly reasonable. 

1564
01:37:37,400 --> 01:37:40,400
When the fog lifts for a moment,
awareness comes through. 

1565
01:37:40,400 --> 01:37:44,100
You've also discovered through 
trial and error that you can. 

1566
01:37:44,100 --> 01:37:47,300
Sometimes continue the dream by 
staying calm. 

1567
01:37:48,300 --> 01:37:51,900
If you get excited, when you 
realize your dreaming thinking, 

1568
01:37:51,900 --> 01:37:57,900
oh I can do anything, I can fly 
anywhere, I can make anything 

1569
01:37:57,900 --> 01:38:00,600
happen. 
You wake up immediately. 

1570
01:38:01,600 --> 01:38:05,500
The Surge of emotion pulling you
out of sleep. but if you simply 

1571
01:38:05,500 --> 01:38:09,500
observe, staying curious, but 
relaxed the dream continues, 

1572
01:38:09,500 --> 01:38:12,000
while you watch it unfold with 
that splitter awareness, 

1573
01:38:12,700 --> 01:38:16,500
simultaneously, the dreamer and 
the Observer of dreams tonight, 

1574
01:38:16,500 --> 01:38:18,300
your trying something 
experimental. 

1575
01:38:18,300 --> 01:38:22,600
You've been thinking about this 
phenomenon for days, turning it 

1576
01:38:22,600 --> 01:38:25,000
over in your mind during the 
long hours of sowing and 

1577
01:38:25,000 --> 01:38:27,900
household work and you've come 
up with a technique that might 

1578
01:38:27,900 --> 01:38:30,500
help. 
Before falling asleep, you spend

1579
01:38:30,500 --> 01:38:33,000
a few minutes in the 
candlelight, studying your hands

1580
01:38:33,000 --> 01:38:36,100
really looking at them. 
The pattern of lines on your 

1581
01:38:36,100 --> 01:38:40,400
palms, the shape of your nails, 
the way your fingers taper and 

1582
01:38:40,400 --> 01:38:43,300
the small scar on your left 
thumb from when you cut yourself

1583
01:38:43,300 --> 01:38:47,000
on a spindle two years ago 
you're creating a kind of 

1584
01:38:47,000 --> 01:38:50,700
anchor, something familiar that 
you can check while dreaming. 

1585
01:38:51,500 --> 01:38:54,200
The idea is that if you can 
remember to look at your hands 

1586
01:38:54,200 --> 01:38:57,300
in a dream, they might look 
different enough to trigger that

1587
01:38:57,300 --> 01:39:00,500
moment of recognition. 
It's based partly on something. 

1588
01:39:00,500 --> 01:39:04,000
You heard once that in dreams 
your hands often look wrong, 

1589
01:39:04,000 --> 01:39:08,200
having too many fingers are not 
enough appearing blurry or 

1590
01:39:08,200 --> 01:39:10,700
shifting in form. 
You don't know if this is 

1591
01:39:10,700 --> 01:39:13,400
universally true, but it seems 
worth testing. 

1592
01:39:14,400 --> 01:39:16,800
You blow out the candle and 
settle into your bed, which you 

1593
01:39:16,808 --> 01:39:20,400
share with your younger sister? 
She's already asleep, breathing,

1594
01:39:20,400 --> 01:39:23,600
deeply and evenly. 
One arm flung across her eyes. 

1595
01:39:23,600 --> 01:39:27,900
You lie, there in the darkness 
thinking about your hands about 

1596
01:39:27,900 --> 01:39:31,100
the need to remember to check 
them and about the strangeness 

1597
01:39:31,100 --> 01:39:34,400
of trying to remind yourself to 
do something while unconscious. 

1598
01:39:36,000 --> 01:39:39,000
The thoughts gross, softer and 
less distinct as sleep. 

1599
01:39:39,000 --> 01:39:42,000
Approaches blurring into 
fragmentary images and 

1600
01:39:42,000 --> 01:39:45,000
incomplete sentences and then 
your dreaming. 

1601
01:39:45,800 --> 01:39:48,200
You're in a garden. 
You've never seen before though,

1602
01:39:48,200 --> 01:39:50,600
it has elements from the 
monastery Garden, you've visited

1603
01:39:50,600 --> 01:39:54,200
and from descriptions, you've 
heard of Paradise in sermon's. 

1604
01:39:54,800 --> 01:39:59,000
Roses climb over stone walls but
in smelling like roses, they 

1605
01:39:59,000 --> 01:40:03,700
smell of cinnamon and cloves. 
Spices, your father trade in. 

1606
01:40:04,400 --> 01:40:08,100
The sky is that particular shade
of blue that you see sometimes 

1607
01:40:08,100 --> 01:40:11,900
at dusk when the last Light is 
fading, but the Stars haven't 

1608
01:40:11,900 --> 01:40:14,600
yet appeared. 
There's music playing from 

1609
01:40:14,600 --> 01:40:18,100
somewhere though. 
You can't see any musicians, a 

1610
01:40:18,100 --> 01:40:20,800
single Voice singing, a Melody, 
that's hauntingly beautiful. 

1611
01:40:20,800 --> 01:40:22,800
But not quite like any song, You
Know? 

1612
01:40:24,200 --> 01:40:27,100
You walk through this Garden for
what feels like a long time. 

1613
01:40:27,100 --> 01:40:30,300
Just experiencing it until 
something. 

1614
01:40:30,300 --> 01:40:34,600
Makes you think of your hands. 
The thought comes unbidden. 

1615
01:40:35,500 --> 01:40:39,600
I should look at my hands. 
You raise them, studying them in

1616
01:40:39,600 --> 01:40:43,300
the dream, strange light and 
immediately noticed that they're

1617
01:40:43,300 --> 01:40:45,400
wrong. 
The number of fingers, keep 

1618
01:40:45,400 --> 01:40:50,000
shifting. 
Five, then six, then four, the 

1619
01:40:50,000 --> 01:40:51,600
count. 
Changing each time, you try to 

1620
01:40:51,600 --> 01:40:54,300
focus. 
The skin looks somehow 

1621
01:40:54,300 --> 01:40:58,000
translucent, as if you could see
through it to the bones 

1622
01:40:58,000 --> 01:41:00,900
underneath. 
The scar on your left, thumb is 

1623
01:41:00,900 --> 01:41:04,100
missing, or maybe it's their 
butt on the wrong finger. 

1624
01:41:04,100 --> 01:41:08,100
You can't quite tell. 
This wrongness triggers the 

1625
01:41:08,100 --> 01:41:12,900
recognition, I'm dreaming. 
The garden remains solid around 

1626
01:41:12,900 --> 01:41:17,200
you, the Roses continue to bloom
their impossible, scent filling 

1627
01:41:17,200 --> 01:41:20,900
the air, The Voice continues, 
singing, its nameless Melody. 

1628
01:41:22,300 --> 01:41:25,900
But you're aware now. 
Fully conscious of the fact that

1629
01:41:25,900 --> 01:41:29,500
you're sleeping in your bed. 
That your sister is beside you 

1630
01:41:29,508 --> 01:41:33,700
that Florence is outside your 
window and that none of this 

1631
01:41:33,700 --> 01:41:37,200
Garden exists anywhere except in
your sleeping mind. 

1632
01:41:38,100 --> 01:41:41,500
The awareness brings a surge of 
Wonder, but also a touch of 

1633
01:41:41,508 --> 01:41:44,100
fear. 
What if this is a trap? 

1634
01:41:44,800 --> 01:41:48,900
What if becoming aware in dreams
opens you to demonic influence? 

1635
01:41:50,100 --> 01:41:53,100
But the garden feels benign, 
even holy. 

1636
01:41:54,000 --> 01:41:56,900
The singing voice has the 
quality of church music. 

1637
01:41:56,900 --> 01:42:01,400
The Light is gentle and 
welcoming, if this is a test or 

1638
01:42:01,400 --> 01:42:05,200
a Temptation, you can't see how 
You decided to try something 

1639
01:42:05,200 --> 01:42:08,000
that's been in your mind since 
these experiences began. 

1640
01:42:08,000 --> 01:42:12,300
You've always wanted to see the 
ocean Florence is landlocked. 

1641
01:42:12,300 --> 01:42:16,500
The sea is days away by horse. 
And as a Merchant's daughter, 

1642
01:42:16,500 --> 01:42:19,800
your travel has been limited to 
the city and its immediate 

1643
01:42:19,800 --> 01:42:23,700
surroundings, but you've heard 
descriptions from Travelers and 

1644
01:42:23,700 --> 01:42:28,200
your father has brought you 
shells and once thrillingly a 

1645
01:42:28,200 --> 01:42:31,300
small preserved, seahorse that 
you keep in a box of treasures 

1646
01:42:31,300 --> 01:42:34,300
in the dream, you simply decide 
that beyond the Garden, Wall 

1647
01:42:34,300 --> 01:42:37,400
lies, the ocean. 
You Don't Force It Or consecrate

1648
01:42:37,400 --> 01:42:41,000
hard or visualize it in detail. 
You just gently intend that it's

1649
01:42:41,000 --> 01:42:43,100
there. 
The way you might decide to turn

1650
01:42:43,100 --> 01:42:45,100
left instead of right while 
walking. 

1651
01:42:46,000 --> 01:42:48,800
You make your way to the wall. 
Made of old honey. 

1652
01:42:48,800 --> 01:42:52,400
Colored Stone covered in 
flowering vines that release 

1653
01:42:52,400 --> 01:42:55,100
perfume when you brush against 
them and look over it. 

1654
01:42:56,700 --> 01:42:59,600
There's a moment of resistance, 
as if reality itself is 

1655
01:42:59,600 --> 01:43:03,800
uncertain hanging in balance, 
and then, the ocean appears 

1656
01:43:03,800 --> 01:43:06,100
stretching, blue and endless to 
the Horizon. 

1657
01:43:06,100 --> 01:43:08,400
Exactly. 
As you've imagined it. 

1658
01:43:09,100 --> 01:43:13,300
The view is impossibly clear. 
You can see individual waves, 

1659
01:43:13,300 --> 01:43:16,700
white foam breaking and seabirds
wheeling in the distance. 

1660
01:43:16,700 --> 01:43:21,100
The Sound reaches you that 
rhythmic crash and his of water 

1661
01:43:21,100 --> 01:43:24,400
meeting land. 
You can smell salt sharp and 

1662
01:43:24,400 --> 01:43:26,900
clean. 
So vivid, it almost makes you 

1663
01:43:26,900 --> 01:43:29,600
sneeze. 
Spray touches your face. 

1664
01:43:29,600 --> 01:43:33,400
Cool. 
And fine, you've done it. you've

1665
01:43:33,400 --> 01:43:37,300
changed the dream through simple
intention and you're awake 

1666
01:43:37,300 --> 01:43:40,400
enough to Marvel at the 
achievement even as it unfolds 

1667
01:43:41,200 --> 01:43:44,900
The detail is extraordinary 
because your dreaming mind is 

1668
01:43:44,900 --> 01:43:47,400
filling in all the elements. 
You've heard about in Travelers 

1669
01:43:47,400 --> 01:43:50,300
stories, combining them with 
your own imagination to. 

1670
01:43:50,300 --> 01:43:52,700
Create something that feels 
completely real. 

1671
01:43:53,400 --> 01:43:55,300
The ocean has actual depth and 
movement. 

1672
01:43:55,300 --> 01:43:59,400
Not the flat painted quality. 
You might expect from a match 

1673
01:43:59,400 --> 01:44:04,200
and see Waves, roll toward the 
shore with proper weight and 

1674
01:44:04,200 --> 01:44:07,900
momentum. 
The Horizon curves slightly just

1675
01:44:07,900 --> 01:44:10,900
as you've heard, it does. 
You spend what feels like 

1676
01:44:10,900 --> 01:44:13,700
several minutes. 
Just watching drinking in this 

1677
01:44:13,700 --> 01:44:16,300
site. 
You've longed to see and then, 

1678
01:44:16,300 --> 01:44:19,400
because you're aware enough to 
be curious about the limits of 

1679
01:44:19,400 --> 01:44:23,900
this state, you try to fly, you 
climb onto the wall and jump 

1680
01:44:23,900 --> 01:44:27,200
willing yourself to soar over 
the water, like the seabirds. 

1681
01:44:27,900 --> 01:44:31,400
Nothing happens. 
You simply fall landing on the 

1682
01:44:31,400 --> 01:44:34,400
sand below the wall with a thump
that should hurt, but doesn't 

1683
01:44:35,600 --> 01:44:37,700
Dream physics. 
Apparently has its own rules 

1684
01:44:37,700 --> 01:44:40,800
that don't always respond to 
your intentions or perhaps, you 

1685
01:44:40,800 --> 01:44:44,200
don't quite believe you can fly 
and that doubt prevents it from 

1686
01:44:44,200 --> 01:44:47,300
happening. 
You're not sure you try again 

1687
01:44:47,300 --> 01:44:50,300
running and leaping, trying to 
feel what flying might be like, 

1688
01:44:50,300 --> 01:44:52,600
but gravity pulls you back each 
time. 

1689
01:44:52,600 --> 01:44:55,100
This failure is oddly 
reassuring. 

1690
01:44:56,200 --> 01:44:59,300
If you could do, absolutely 
anything, just by wishing it? 

1691
01:45:00,000 --> 01:45:03,100
This might feel more like 
Madness than like exploration. 

1692
01:45:03,900 --> 01:45:06,900
the resistance the way 
something's changed and others 

1693
01:45:06,900 --> 01:45:10,900
don't gives the experience a 
kind of structure that makes it 

1694
01:45:10,900 --> 01:45:15,000
seem more real rather than less.
Eventually you're awareness 

1695
01:45:15,000 --> 01:45:18,200
begins to waver, you've been 
maintaining it for what feels 

1696
01:45:18,200 --> 01:45:21,700
like a remarkably long time, but
the effort is subtle and 

1697
01:45:21,700 --> 01:45:25,000
cumulative and you can feel 
yourself starting to tire. 

1698
01:45:25,800 --> 01:45:29,800
The ocean becomes less distinct.
The sound of waves grows 

1699
01:45:29,800 --> 01:45:33,300
quieter, the garden behind. 
You Fades into vagueness. 

1700
01:45:34,000 --> 01:45:37,200
Your slipping back into ordinary
unconscious dreaming and you 

1701
01:45:37,208 --> 01:45:39,200
don't quite have the skill yet 
to prevent it. 

1702
01:45:40,000 --> 01:45:42,400
The last thing you remember 
clearly is standing on the 

1703
01:45:42,400 --> 01:45:46,300
beach, watching the sunset over 
the water, which shouldn't be 

1704
01:45:46,300 --> 01:45:49,300
happening since the sun was high
overhead just moments ago. 

1705
01:45:49,300 --> 01:45:51,700
But Dreamtime follows its own 
logic. 

1706
01:45:52,700 --> 01:45:55,400
And feeling deeply grateful for 
this experience, whatever its 

1707
01:45:55,400 --> 01:45:59,200
source and meaning might be. 
When you wake in the morning, 

1708
01:45:59,200 --> 01:46:01,500
your sister is already up and 
getting dressed. 

1709
01:46:02,400 --> 01:46:05,900
You lie there for a moment, not 
moving afraid, that the memory 

1710
01:46:05,900 --> 01:46:08,000
will dissolve the way dreams 
usually do. 

1711
01:46:09,100 --> 01:46:13,100
But it remains Vivid and clear 
every detail accessible. 

1712
01:46:13,800 --> 01:46:16,800
You remember the guardian the 
roses and the singing voice? 

1713
01:46:16,800 --> 01:46:20,600
You remember, looking at your 
hands and understanding you were

1714
01:46:20,600 --> 01:46:23,500
dreaming, you remember the ocean
of appearing Beyond the Wall? 

1715
01:46:23,500 --> 01:46:27,800
Fulfilling your intention? 
You remember trying and failing 

1716
01:46:27,800 --> 01:46:30,600
to fly? 
You don't tell anyone but you 

1717
01:46:30,600 --> 01:46:33,900
start experimenting. 
More deliberately each night 

1718
01:46:33,900 --> 01:46:37,100
before sleep. 
You study your hands and remind 

1719
01:46:37,100 --> 01:46:38,800
yourself to check them in 
dreams. 

1720
01:46:39,800 --> 01:46:43,300
You think about impossible 
things you'd like to see the 

1721
01:46:43,300 --> 01:46:45,900
mountains to the north covered 
in snow Forest. 

1722
01:46:45,900 --> 01:46:49,200
You've never visited and the 
inside of the Doge's Palace in 

1723
01:46:49,208 --> 01:46:52,000
Venice which you've heard 
described but never seen. 

1724
01:46:52,800 --> 01:46:57,600
And sometimes, not always, but 
with increasing frequency, you 

1725
01:46:57,600 --> 01:47:01,100
find yourself aware in your 
dreams conscious enough to 

1726
01:47:01,100 --> 01:47:04,900
explore and experiment while the
rest of your mind creates a 

1727
01:47:04,900 --> 01:47:06,800
labret worlds from memory and 
Imagination. 

1728
01:47:08,100 --> 01:47:11,800
It becomes a secret practice 
something entirely yours in a 

1729
01:47:11,800 --> 01:47:13,900
life where privacy and personal 
choice are limited. 

1730
01:47:14,600 --> 01:47:18,100
In Waking Life, you'll do what's
expected help with the 

1731
01:47:18,100 --> 01:47:20,500
household? 
Marry the man, your father 

1732
01:47:20,500 --> 01:47:24,800
chooses and probably die young 
from childbirth or plague like 

1733
01:47:24,800 --> 01:47:28,800
so many women do. 
But in dreams your beginning to 

1734
01:47:28,800 --> 01:47:30,600
find a kind of freedom and 
agency. 

1735
01:47:30,600 --> 01:47:36,000
That Waking Life does not offer.
You can explore create and test 

1736
01:47:36,000 --> 01:47:39,800
the boundaries of Consciousness 
itself. he still don't know if 

1737
01:47:39,800 --> 01:47:43,500
this is a spiritual gift or a 
psychological Quirk Divine, 

1738
01:47:43,500 --> 01:47:47,000
communication or merely, the 
minds strange capacity for 

1739
01:47:47,000 --> 01:47:51,200
self-reflection, the uncertainty
doesn't trouble you as much as 

1740
01:47:51,200 --> 01:47:54,500
it once did. 
Whatever this is, It's revealing

1741
01:47:54,500 --> 01:47:57,500
something about the nature of 
awareness about the flexibility 

1742
01:47:57,500 --> 01:48:01,300
of Consciousness and about the 
strange fact that you can be 

1743
01:48:01,300 --> 01:48:03,800
both the dreamer and the 
Observer of Dreams. 

1744
01:48:04,600 --> 01:48:08,800
You're a natural philosopher in 
London around 1750 CE and you've

1745
01:48:08,800 --> 01:48:11,300
been conducting, what you can 
consider a very serious 

1746
01:48:11,300 --> 01:48:14,400
scientific experiment, though, 
your colleague at the Royal 

1747
01:48:14,400 --> 01:48:18,000
Society would probably laugh? 
If you told them about it for 

1748
01:48:18,000 --> 01:48:21,800
six months, you've been keeping 
a detailed dream journal noting.

1749
01:48:21,800 --> 01:48:25,500
Not just the content of dreams 
but your State of Mind within 

1750
01:48:25,500 --> 01:48:29,700
them, any moments of awareness 
or recognition and the factors 

1751
01:48:29,700 --> 01:48:32,400
that seem to influence dream 
recall and clarity. 

1752
01:48:33,700 --> 01:48:36,100
The enlightenment has encouraged
to particular, kind of 

1753
01:48:36,100 --> 01:48:39,000
curiosity. 
The belief that anything can be 

1754
01:48:39,000 --> 01:48:43,200
studied measured and potentially
understood through, systematic 

1755
01:48:43,200 --> 01:48:45,600
observation and careful 
reasoning. 

1756
01:48:46,600 --> 01:48:50,900
Most people apply this to rocks,
plants, the movement of planets,

1757
01:48:50,900 --> 01:48:54,200
the property of gases and 
electrical phenomena. 

1758
01:48:55,100 --> 01:48:58,900
You've decided to apply it to 
sleep and dreams, treating your 

1759
01:48:58,900 --> 01:49:02,300
own Consciousness, as a 
laboratory where experiments can

1760
01:49:02,300 --> 01:49:05,300
be conducted. 
Your Journal has become quite 

1761
01:49:05,300 --> 01:49:08,600
extensive. 
Which morning immediately upon 

1762
01:49:08,600 --> 01:49:12,000
waking before getting out of bed
before speaking to your wife? 

1763
01:49:12,800 --> 01:49:15,900
before your mind is fully 
engaged with the day's concerns,

1764
01:49:15,900 --> 01:49:19,200
you write down everything you 
can remember from the night's 

1765
01:49:19,200 --> 01:49:22,200
dreams, not just the narrative, 
but the quality of the 

1766
01:49:22,200 --> 01:49:24,800
experience, were you aware of 
dreaming? 

1767
01:49:25,700 --> 01:49:29,600
Did anything seem unusual? 
How Vivid would the sensations? 

1768
01:49:30,300 --> 01:49:32,100
Did you question anything that 
happened? 

1769
01:49:32,900 --> 01:49:36,300
Could you remember how the dream
began or did you simply find 

1770
01:49:36,300 --> 01:49:37,700
yourself already in the middle 
of it? 

1771
01:49:38,600 --> 01:49:41,500
Your observations have revealed 
several interesting patterns. 

1772
01:49:42,400 --> 01:49:46,200
First you've confirmed what some
folk wisdom suggests but others 

1773
01:49:46,200 --> 01:49:49,600
dismiss. 
Certain foods do seem to affect 

1774
01:49:49,600 --> 01:49:52,400
dreams though. 
Not in the ways, folklore, 

1775
01:49:52,400 --> 01:49:55,500
typically claims it's not about 
specific ingredients. 

1776
01:49:55,500 --> 01:49:59,700
Having magical properties, 
rather, it's about digestion. 

1777
01:49:59,700 --> 01:50:03,800
Anything that calls his mild, 
physical discomfort that keeps 

1778
01:50:03,800 --> 01:50:06,000
the body from resting completely
peacefully. 

1779
01:50:06,000 --> 01:50:09,100
Tends to produce more Vivid and 
chaotic dreams. 

1780
01:50:09,100 --> 01:50:13,700
A heavy meal before bed leads to
strange energetic dreams. 

1781
01:50:13,700 --> 01:50:18,500
Mild hunger, leads to dreams 
about food in digestion, 

1782
01:50:18,500 --> 01:50:22,800
produces anxiety dreams, the 
body State influences, the minds

1783
01:50:22,800 --> 01:50:26,400
nighttime activities, Second, 
you've noticed something about 

1784
01:50:26,400 --> 01:50:29,800
memory. 
Dreams fade rapidly upon waking,

1785
01:50:29,800 --> 01:50:32,500
but the speed of fading can be 
influenced. 

1786
01:50:33,200 --> 01:50:37,100
If you lie, still upon waking 
and focus on the dream, letting 

1787
01:50:37,100 --> 01:50:39,900
it play through your memory 
before moving or thinking about 

1788
01:50:39,900 --> 01:50:42,900
other things, you can retain 
much more detail. 

1789
01:50:43,800 --> 01:50:46,100
Movement and immediate 
engagement with daily. 

1790
01:50:46,100 --> 01:50:50,100
Concerns seem to disrupt the 
delicate memory, traces dreams 

1791
01:50:50,100 --> 01:50:53,200
leave behind. 
The simple Act of physical 

1792
01:50:53,200 --> 01:50:56,000
Stillness for a few moments can 
double or triple, what you 

1793
01:50:56,008 --> 01:50:59,900
remember, third and most 
intriguingly you've confirmed, 

1794
01:50:59,900 --> 01:51:03,700
what the ancient Tibetans, 
apparently, new regular reality,

1795
01:51:03,700 --> 01:51:06,500
testing during the day, 
sometimes carries over into 

1796
01:51:06,500 --> 01:51:09,000
dreams. 
You've developed a habit of 

1797
01:51:09,000 --> 01:51:12,200
reading text twice. 
Looking at a page looking away. 

1798
01:51:12,200 --> 01:51:14,800
Then looking back to confirm the
words haven't changed. 

1799
01:51:15,700 --> 01:51:18,100
In Waking Life, they never 
change. 

1800
01:51:18,100 --> 01:51:21,000
Text is stable. 
But three times. 

1801
01:51:21,000 --> 01:51:24,900
Now you've thought to try this 
test in dreams, watched the word

1802
01:51:24,900 --> 01:51:28,800
shift and rearrange themselves, 
like living things and realized 

1803
01:51:28,800 --> 01:51:32,500
you were asleep. 
The most recent time this 

1804
01:51:32,500 --> 01:51:35,900
happened, you were dreaming that
you were in your study working 

1805
01:51:35,900 --> 01:51:37,800
on a paper about planetary 
motion. 

1806
01:51:38,700 --> 01:51:41,000
Everything seemed completely 
normal. 

1807
01:51:41,700 --> 01:51:45,300
The Familiar smell of ink and 
paper, the weight of your pain, 

1808
01:51:45,300 --> 01:51:48,500
the scratch of the nib on Vellum
and the comfortable chair. 

1809
01:51:48,500 --> 01:51:52,500
You sit in for hours each day. 
But something prompted you to 

1810
01:51:52,508 --> 01:51:55,300
look at what you'd written look 
away at the window. 

1811
01:51:55,300 --> 01:52:00,000
Then look back at the page. 
The words completely changed, 

1812
01:52:00,000 --> 01:52:03,300
not just shifted slightly but 
transformed entirely. 

1813
01:52:03,300 --> 01:52:07,800
What had been equations was now 
a recipe for Plum Pudding and in

1814
01:52:07,800 --> 01:52:12,500
a handwriting that wasn't yours.
You stared at this impossibility

1815
01:52:12,500 --> 01:52:15,300
for several seconds before the 
recognition struck. 

1816
01:52:16,100 --> 01:52:19,300
I'm dreaming. 
The study remained around you 

1817
01:52:19,300 --> 01:52:24,100
perfectly solid and details, but
now you understood its nature, 

1818
01:52:24,100 --> 01:52:29,100
this wasn't your actual study. 
You were lying in bed up stairs.

1819
01:52:29,900 --> 01:52:33,200
This entire scene was occurring 
in your sleeping mine. 

1820
01:52:34,100 --> 01:52:37,200
The most interesting finding in 
your research, though has been 

1821
01:52:37,200 --> 01:52:39,900
about intention. 
You've discovered that the 

1822
01:52:39,900 --> 01:52:43,500
period between waking and 
sleeping those few minutes when 

1823
01:52:43,500 --> 01:52:46,200
you're drowsy, but still 
somewhat aware when your 

1824
01:52:46,200 --> 01:52:49,000
thoughts are becoming loose and 
disconnected, but haven't 

1825
01:52:49,000 --> 01:52:52,300
entirely dissolved. 
Offers a unique opportunity. 

1826
01:52:53,500 --> 01:52:56,400
If you hold a question or 
intentional Loosely in mind 

1827
01:52:56,400 --> 01:53:00,000
during this transition, not 
forcing it but just letting it 

1828
01:53:00,000 --> 01:53:01,800
float there like a leaf on 
water. 

1829
01:53:01,800 --> 01:53:05,300
It sometimes influences the 
dream that follows you don't get

1830
01:53:05,300 --> 01:53:09,700
direct answers exactly. 
Dreams, don't solve mathematical

1831
01:53:09,700 --> 01:53:12,300
problems or provide, Clear 
Solutions to practical 

1832
01:53:12,300 --> 01:53:15,300
challenges. 
But your dreaming mind seems to 

1833
01:53:15,308 --> 01:53:19,500
process the question creating 
scenarios and images related to 

1834
01:53:19,500 --> 01:53:21,900
it. 
Approaching it from unexpected 

1835
01:53:21,900 --> 01:53:25,600
angles that can provide New 
Perspectives last week provided 

1836
01:53:25,600 --> 01:53:28,400
a perfect example. 
You'd been struggling with a 

1837
01:53:28,400 --> 01:53:30,300
problem related to a mechanical 
device. 

1838
01:53:30,300 --> 01:53:33,400
You're designing. 
Specifically, how to create a 

1839
01:53:33,400 --> 01:53:36,000
smoother transition between 
gears of different sizes? 

1840
01:53:36,000 --> 01:53:40,500
You tried several approaches all
producing too much friction, or 

1841
01:53:40,500 --> 01:53:43,500
too much noise, or requirements,
such precise manufacturing that 

1842
01:53:43,500 --> 01:53:45,400
they'd be impractical to 
actually build. 

1843
01:53:46,700 --> 01:53:48,800
The problem was genuinely 
vexing. 

1844
01:53:48,800 --> 01:53:52,000
And you fell asleep thinking 
about it, turning it over in 

1845
01:53:52,000 --> 01:53:53,700
your mind as Consciousness 
faded. 

1846
01:53:54,500 --> 01:53:57,900
You didn't solve it directly in 
the dream but you dreamed about 

1847
01:53:57,900 --> 01:54:02,100
walking beside a stream watching
water flow around rocks. 

1848
01:54:02,800 --> 01:54:05,900
The dream had that Vivid 
absorbing quality that sometimes

1849
01:54:05,900 --> 01:54:09,400
happens and you found yourself 
fascinated by how the water 

1850
01:54:09,400 --> 01:54:13,000
adapted, its flow to obstacles. 
Moving faster here. 

1851
01:54:13,000 --> 01:54:15,700
Slower there creating Eddies and
whirlpools. 

1852
01:54:15,700 --> 01:54:20,300
But overall maintaining its 
direction toward the sea When 

1853
01:54:20,300 --> 01:54:23,600
you crouch down to look more 
closely, you could see how the 

1854
01:54:23,600 --> 01:54:27,400
water's path changed gradually 
around each Rock, not abruptly. 

1855
01:54:27,400 --> 01:54:30,900
But through a series of small 
adjustments, you work with that 

1856
01:54:30,900 --> 01:54:33,800
image, still clear in your mind 
and suddenly, the gear problem, 

1857
01:54:33,800 --> 01:54:37,500
seemed obvious, You'd been 
thinking about it wrong, trying 

1858
01:54:37,500 --> 01:54:40,800
to create an immediate perfect 
transition from one gear to the 

1859
01:54:40,808 --> 01:54:43,800
next. 
What you needed was a series of 

1860
01:54:43,800 --> 01:54:47,200
smaller transitions, 
intermediate gears that would 

1861
01:54:47,200 --> 01:54:50,000
allow the change to happen 
gradually rather than all at 

1862
01:54:50,000 --> 01:54:52,500
once. 
The dream hadn't handed you an 

1863
01:54:52,508 --> 01:54:56,300
answer, it had helped you 
reframe the question to see the 

1864
01:54:56,300 --> 01:54:59,700
problem from a different angle. 
To night your trying something 

1865
01:54:59,700 --> 01:55:02,800
more ambitious. 
You've prepared your sleeping 

1866
01:55:02,800 --> 01:55:03,600
room. 
Carefully. 

1867
01:55:03,600 --> 01:55:06,800
Treating it like a laboratory 
being set up for an important 

1868
01:55:06,800 --> 01:55:09,500
experiment. 
You've eliminated potential 

1869
01:55:09,500 --> 01:55:13,100
sources of disturbance. 
Secure the shutters against wind

1870
01:55:13,100 --> 01:55:16,600
Bank, the fire. 
So it won't need 10 and informed

1871
01:55:16,600 --> 01:55:18,900
your wife that you'd prefer not 
to be woken. 

1872
01:55:18,900 --> 01:55:22,600
Unless there's an emergency. 
You've ensured a comfortable 

1873
01:55:22,600 --> 01:55:25,500
temperature. 
Proper bedding and removal of 

1874
01:55:25,508 --> 01:55:27,900
anything that might cause 
physical discomfort during the 

1875
01:55:27,908 --> 01:55:30,000
night. 
You've spent the evening 

1876
01:55:30,000 --> 01:55:32,900
reviewing, your dream journal, 
particularly the entries that 

1877
01:55:32,900 --> 01:55:35,400
describe moments of awareness 
within dreams. 

1878
01:55:36,200 --> 01:55:39,600
You're reminding yourself of 
what that state feels like, what

1879
01:55:39,600 --> 01:55:41,600
triggers it and what maintains 
it. 

1880
01:55:42,300 --> 01:55:45,300
And as you prepare for bed, 
you're holding a gentle 

1881
01:55:45,300 --> 01:55:48,200
intention. 
I want to recognize when I'm 

1882
01:55:48,200 --> 01:55:50,900
dreaming. 
I want to be aware during 

1883
01:55:50,900 --> 01:55:53,600
tonight's dreams. 
You're not forcing this or 

1884
01:55:53,600 --> 01:55:56,500
concentrating hard. 
That would like to interfere 

1885
01:55:56,500 --> 01:55:59,900
with the natural onset of sleep.
You're just planting the seed of

1886
01:55:59,900 --> 01:56:02,500
the idea. 
Letting it sink into your mind 

1887
01:56:02,500 --> 01:56:05,500
as you drift off trusting. 
That some part of your 

1888
01:56:05,500 --> 01:56:08,900
Consciousness will remember it 
even as the rational waking part

1889
01:56:08,900 --> 01:56:10,900
of your mind shuts down for the 
night. 

1890
01:56:12,500 --> 01:56:15,400
The Dream Begins in your study 
which should be your first clue 

1891
01:56:15,400 --> 01:56:17,500
that something's odd since 
you're actually in your bedroom 

1892
01:56:17,500 --> 01:56:20,200
up stairs. 
The dream logic makes it seem 

1893
01:56:20,200 --> 01:56:22,700
reasonable the way dreams always
do. 

1894
01:56:24,400 --> 01:56:27,300
There's no moment of questioning
how you got here or why you're 

1895
01:56:27,300 --> 01:56:30,500
hearing of in bed. 
You simply are here and that 

1896
01:56:30,500 --> 01:56:34,000
seems natural. 
Your examining a book, trying to

1897
01:56:34,008 --> 01:56:37,900
make sense of its contents. 
The text is difficult to read. 

1898
01:56:37,900 --> 01:56:41,900
Somehow both clear and blurry at
the same time and the subject 

1899
01:56:41,900 --> 01:56:44,700
keeps shifting. 
Now, it's about astronomy now. 

1900
01:56:44,700 --> 01:56:47,000
Botany now it's written in a 
language. 

1901
01:56:47,000 --> 01:56:49,600
You don't recognize but seem to 
understand anyway. 

1902
01:56:50,300 --> 01:56:54,700
This should be strange but you 
accept it without question until

1903
01:56:54,700 --> 01:56:58,700
you remember your reading test. 
The memory surface is almost 

1904
01:56:58,700 --> 01:57:01,100
casually. 
I should check if the text 

1905
01:57:01,100 --> 01:57:04,400
changes. 
You look at a paragraph reading 

1906
01:57:04,400 --> 01:57:07,000
it carefully. 
It's about the migration 

1907
01:57:07,000 --> 01:57:10,000
patterns of birds. 
You look away at the window 

1908
01:57:10,000 --> 01:57:13,100
where rain is falling, even 
though you're certain it was 

1909
01:57:13,100 --> 01:57:16,000
sunny a moment ago. 
Then you look back at the book, 

1910
01:57:16,000 --> 01:57:19,900
the words of completely changed.
Now they're written in a 

1911
01:57:19,908 --> 01:57:23,700
language that doesn't exist made
of symbols that look like a 

1912
01:57:23,700 --> 01:57:27,600
combination of Greek Arabic and 
something else entirely. 

1913
01:57:28,500 --> 01:57:31,900
And yet you can read them 
perfectly understanding a 

1914
01:57:31,900 --> 01:57:34,200
philosophical argument about the
nature of time. 

1915
01:57:34,200 --> 01:57:37,600
That's far more sophisticated 
than anything you've actually 

1916
01:57:37,600 --> 01:57:42,100
studied. the impossibility of 
this should be obvious and this 

1917
01:57:42,100 --> 01:57:47,500
time it is The recognition 
arrives smoothly without the 

1918
01:57:47,500 --> 01:57:51,300
jolt of surprised that sometimes
triggers waking, I'm dreaming. 

1919
01:57:52,300 --> 01:57:55,200
You're getting better at this 
maintaining the awareness 

1920
01:57:55,200 --> 01:57:58,300
without becoming so excited or 
analytical that you pull 

1921
01:57:58,300 --> 01:58:02,000
yourself out of sleep. 
The study remains solid around 

1922
01:58:02,000 --> 01:58:04,600
you, the familiar walls lined 
with books. 

1923
01:58:04,600 --> 01:58:09,000
The desk cluttered with papers 
and instruments the window now 

1924
01:58:09,000 --> 01:58:12,100
showing a garden that exists 
nowhere near your actual house. 

1925
01:58:12,100 --> 01:58:16,500
Here's where your scientific 
curiosity takes over instead of 

1926
01:58:16,508 --> 01:58:20,100
trying to fly or visit exotic 
locations, or do any of the 

1927
01:58:20,100 --> 01:58:22,500
dramatic things. 
One might do in a lucid dream, 

1928
01:58:22,500 --> 01:58:25,500
you decide to investigate the 
nature of the dream itself. 

1929
01:58:26,700 --> 01:58:30,400
You want to understand this 
phenomenon to gather data and to

1930
01:58:30,408 --> 01:58:33,500
test hypotheses about how 
Consciousness Works in this 

1931
01:58:33,500 --> 01:58:38,400
altered state, You examine your 
hand closely, holding it up to 

1932
01:58:38,400 --> 01:58:42,400
the light from the window. 
When you focus hard on it, it 

1933
01:58:42,400 --> 01:58:45,300
becomes unstable. 
The fingers seem to blur and 

1934
01:58:45,300 --> 01:58:48,500
multiply, the skin takes on 
strange colors. 

1935
01:58:48,500 --> 01:58:52,100
The whole hand feels like it 
might dissolve into missed. 

1936
01:58:52,700 --> 01:58:55,500
But when you relax your 
attention, just viewing it 

1937
01:58:55,500 --> 01:58:59,500
gently without intense scrutiny.
It stabilizes again. 

1938
01:58:59,500 --> 01:59:03,200
Looking almost normal, though. 
Somehow not quite right in ways.

1939
01:59:03,200 --> 01:59:08,100
You can't exactly specify. 
You touch various objects in the

1940
01:59:08,100 --> 01:59:11,400
study noting how realistic the 
textures feel. 

1941
01:59:12,100 --> 01:59:16,000
The smooth wood of your desk has
proper grain and temperature the

1942
01:59:16,000 --> 01:59:17,800
books. 
Have the expected weight and 

1943
01:59:17,808 --> 01:59:21,500
flexible covers the pages crisp 
under your fingers. 

1944
01:59:22,200 --> 01:59:25,400
The window glass is cool and 
hard, exactly, as it should be. 

1945
01:59:26,300 --> 01:59:28,500
The rug under your feet has the 
right texture. 

1946
01:59:28,500 --> 01:59:31,900
Soft and slightly worn in 
familiar places. 

1947
01:59:31,900 --> 01:59:36,500
Everything has physical presence
and substance even though you 

1948
01:59:36,500 --> 01:59:40,000
understand its all occurring, 
your mind that there's no actual

1949
01:59:40,000 --> 01:59:44,000
desk or books or window just 
neural patterns, creating an 

1950
01:59:44,000 --> 01:59:46,400
extraordinarily convincing 
simulation. 

1951
01:59:47,700 --> 01:59:50,700
You try and experiment. 
Can you create something from 

1952
01:59:50,700 --> 01:59:53,200
nothing? 
You decide there should be an 

1953
01:59:53,200 --> 01:59:55,200
apple on the desk. 
Perfect. 

1954
01:59:55,200 --> 02:00:00,100
Red apple fresh and Chris You 
look away from the desk toward 

1955
02:00:00,100 --> 02:00:02,800
the bookshelf, holding the 
intention that when you look 

1956
02:00:02,800 --> 02:00:06,400
back, the Apple will be there. 
He count to three, then turn 

1957
02:00:06,400 --> 02:00:10,500
your gaze back to the desk. 
If it is a perfect Red, Apple 

1958
02:00:10,500 --> 02:00:13,800
sitting exactly where you 
intended on the corner of the 

1959
02:00:13,800 --> 02:00:18,300
desk, near the window, You pick 
it up, testing its weight in 

1960
02:00:18,300 --> 02:00:21,200
your hand. 
It feels completely real 

1961
02:00:21,200 --> 02:00:27,400
substantial and cool. 
It smells faintly of autumn of 

1962
02:00:27,400 --> 02:00:31,600
orchards and harvest. 
You take a bite and it tastes 

1963
02:00:31,600 --> 02:00:35,800
impossibly, perfect, crisp and 
sweet and tart all at once. 

1964
02:00:35,800 --> 02:00:40,100
More ideal than any real Apple, 
you've ever eaten the juices. 

1965
02:00:40,100 --> 02:00:44,100
Cool on your tongue, you can 
feel the texture of Apple flesh 

1966
02:00:44,100 --> 02:00:47,400
and hear the crunch. 
This is fascinating from a 

1967
02:00:47,400 --> 02:00:50,400
philosophical perspective, 
you've created something from 

1968
02:00:50,400 --> 02:00:53,600
nothing or rather from memory 
and Imagination. 

1969
02:00:54,800 --> 02:00:56,800
Your sleeping mind has 
assembled. 

1970
02:00:56,800 --> 02:01:00,200
This apple from recalled 
experience is every Apple you've

1971
02:01:00,200 --> 02:01:04,300
ever seen tasted or touched and 
synthesized them into this ideal

1972
02:01:04,300 --> 02:01:07,700
version. 
Fact that it seems completely 

1973
02:01:07,700 --> 02:01:11,600
real indistinguishable from a 
waking up Apple, except for its 

1974
02:01:11,600 --> 02:01:14,800
impossible, perfect Perfection, 
just something profound about 

1975
02:01:14,800 --> 02:01:16,400
the nature of perception and 
reality. 

1976
02:01:17,400 --> 02:01:20,600
You can continue experimenting, 
testing the boundaries of what's

1977
02:01:20,600 --> 02:01:23,800
possible in this state. 
You try to make it daytime 

1978
02:01:23,800 --> 02:01:27,200
instead of nighttime looking 
away from the window and 

1979
02:01:27,200 --> 02:01:29,200
intending that the son should be
shining. 

1980
02:01:29,200 --> 02:01:32,400
When you look back. 
The light changes becoming 

1981
02:01:32,400 --> 02:01:35,600
brighter and warmer. 
But it's not quite daylight. 

1982
02:01:36,300 --> 02:01:39,200
More like a strange Twilight. 
That's brighter than it should 

1983
02:01:39,200 --> 02:01:41,400
be. 
As if you're sleeping, mind 

1984
02:01:41,400 --> 02:01:44,400
couldn't quite manage the full 
transformation or didn't have a 

1985
02:01:44,408 --> 02:01:47,200
clear enough template of what 
the study looks like in full 

1986
02:01:47,200 --> 02:01:50,000
daylight. 
You attempt to change the room 

1987
02:01:50,000 --> 02:01:53,100
itself to transform the study 
into something else. 

1988
02:01:53,100 --> 02:01:56,400
Entirely, perhaps The 
Observatory you visited last 

1989
02:01:56,400 --> 02:01:58,500
month. 
This doesn't work at all. 

1990
02:01:58,500 --> 02:02:02,700
The room remains stubbornly 
itself though, details shift and

1991
02:02:02,700 --> 02:02:04,800
waiver when you're not looking 
directly at them. 

1992
02:02:05,500 --> 02:02:08,400
The stack of papers on the left 
side of the desk, sometimes has 

1993
02:02:08,400 --> 02:02:12,300
more pages, sometimes fewer. 
The books on the nearest shelf 

1994
02:02:12,300 --> 02:02:16,000
seem to rearrange their order. 
But the fundamental structure of

1995
02:02:16,000 --> 02:02:20,000
the room, resists change. this 
tells you something about how 

1996
02:02:20,000 --> 02:02:22,900
dreams work small changes are 
easy. 

1997
02:02:22,900 --> 02:02:26,500
Especially when you use the 
simple technique of a looking 

1998
02:02:26,500 --> 02:02:29,600
away and intending that 
something will be different when

1999
02:02:29,600 --> 02:02:32,800
you look back. 
Larger Transformations are 

2000
02:02:32,800 --> 02:02:35,800
harder perhaps because they were
required, more extensive 

2001
02:02:35,800 --> 02:02:37,900
reorganization of the dream 
immature. 

2002
02:02:38,700 --> 02:02:41,500
Your sleeping mind has 
constructed this study from 

2003
02:02:41,500 --> 02:02:44,500
familiar templates and those 
templates have a certain 

2004
02:02:44,500 --> 02:02:47,100
stability, a resistance to 
wholesale. 

2005
02:02:47,100 --> 02:02:50,700
Alteration you test one more 
thing, can you conjure another 

2006
02:02:50,700 --> 02:02:52,900
person? 
You think of your colleague from

2007
02:02:52,900 --> 02:02:55,700
the Royal Society, the one 
you've been collaborating with 

2008
02:02:55,700 --> 02:02:59,300
on the planetary motion research
You look toward the door, 

2009
02:02:59,300 --> 02:03:03,000
expecting him to enter. 
You hear Footsteps in the 

2010
02:03:03,008 --> 02:03:05,600
hallway outside and the sound of
the doorknob turning. 

2011
02:03:06,300 --> 02:03:09,400
The door opens and someone 
enters but it's not your 

2012
02:03:09,400 --> 02:03:12,100
colleague. 
It's a stranger someone you've 

2013
02:03:12,100 --> 02:03:15,700
never seen before there is face 
as elements that remind you of 

2014
02:03:15,700 --> 02:03:19,700
several different people. 
You know, He opens his mouth as 

2015
02:03:19,700 --> 02:03:23,200
if to speak, but before any 
words come out you make a 

2016
02:03:23,200 --> 02:03:26,400
crucial mistake. 
You start thinking about the 

2017
02:03:26,400 --> 02:03:29,900
implications of all this about 
whether these observations could

2018
02:03:29,900 --> 02:03:33,000
be considered scientific proof 
of Consciousness, during sleep 

2019
02:03:33,000 --> 02:03:36,600
about how you'll describe this 
in your journal and about what 

2020
02:03:36,600 --> 02:03:38,800
it means for theories of mine 
and perception. 

2021
02:03:39,800 --> 02:03:43,200
The analytical thinking the 
shift from experience to 

2022
02:03:43,200 --> 02:03:46,200
analyzing pulls you toward 
wakefulness. 

2023
02:03:47,100 --> 02:03:51,100
The Dream Begins to dissolve 
losing coherence and stability. 

2024
02:03:52,000 --> 02:03:54,100
The Strangers face becomes 
unclear. 

2025
02:03:55,100 --> 02:03:59,000
Duddy grows dim and vague. 
You try to hold on to the dream,

2026
02:03:59,000 --> 02:04:02,400
to maintain the awareness. 
Too late. 

2027
02:04:02,400 --> 02:04:06,600
The Lucidity is slipping away. 
Like water through your fingers.

2028
02:04:07,400 --> 02:04:09,800
You drift into non lucid 
dreaming for a while. 

2029
02:04:09,800 --> 02:04:13,900
Confused fragments about being 
late for a meeting, something 

2030
02:04:13,900 --> 02:04:17,800
about a broken clock and then 
wake fully in the darkness of 

2031
02:04:17,800 --> 02:04:21,300
your actual bedroom. 
Your wife is sleeping peacefully

2032
02:04:21,300 --> 02:04:24,400
beside you. 
The real study is downstairs, 

2033
02:04:24,400 --> 02:04:28,100
dark and empty. 
The whole experience exists. 

2034
02:04:28,100 --> 02:04:31,600
Now only in memory and in the 
notes you immediately begin 

2035
02:04:31,600 --> 02:04:35,900
writing by candlelight capturing
the details before they fade. 

2036
02:04:37,000 --> 02:04:40,600
But you've gathered data, you've
confirmed several things through

2037
02:04:40,600 --> 02:04:44,400
direct observation. 
First awareness is definitely 

2038
02:04:44,400 --> 02:04:47,600
possible during dreams. 
You can maintain Consciousness 

2039
02:04:47,600 --> 02:04:52,500
can observe and evaluate your 
experience and can remember your

2040
02:04:52,500 --> 02:04:56,400
waking intention and act on them
all while remaining asleep. 

2041
02:04:57,200 --> 02:05:00,600
Second, some level of control 
can be achieved, though. 

2042
02:05:00,600 --> 02:05:03,600
It has limitations and seems to 
work better through indirect 

2043
02:05:03,600 --> 02:05:07,900
influence the direct command. 
Third, the experience has a 

2044
02:05:07,900 --> 02:05:12,000
consistency to it. 
It's not random or chaotic but 

2045
02:05:12,000 --> 02:05:15,900
follows certain rules even if 
those rules differ from Waking 

2046
02:05:15,900 --> 02:05:18,600
Life. 
Forth and perhaps most 

2047
02:05:18,600 --> 02:05:22,000
importantly, analytical thinking
disrupts the state. 

2048
02:05:22,900 --> 02:05:25,800
The lucid dreams seems to 
require a particular kind of 

2049
02:05:25,808 --> 02:05:29,400
Consciousness aware and 
attentive, but not too rational 

2050
02:05:29,400 --> 02:05:32,600
or analytical observing but not 
dissecting. 

2051
02:05:33,700 --> 02:05:35,700
This suggests something 
interesting about the 

2052
02:05:35,700 --> 02:05:39,100
relationship between different 
modes of thought. between the 

2053
02:05:39,100 --> 02:05:42,700
rational mind that analyzes and 
the experiencing mind that 

2054
02:05:42,700 --> 02:05:46,300
simply observes Over the 
following months, you'll 

2055
02:05:46,300 --> 02:05:49,800
continue your experiments 
gradually building a systematic 

2056
02:05:49,800 --> 02:05:53,700
understanding of lucid dreaming.
You'll discover that certain 

2057
02:05:53,700 --> 02:05:57,500
techniques reliably increase, 
the frequency of lucid dreams, 

2058
02:05:57,500 --> 02:06:01,700
reality testing during the day 
setting intentions before sleep,

2059
02:06:01,700 --> 02:06:05,000
and using the period of waking, 
in the middle of the night to 

2060
02:06:05,000 --> 02:06:07,400
practice before falling back 
asleep. 

2061
02:06:08,500 --> 02:06:11,600
You'll learn to prolong the 
loose's state by staying calm 

2062
02:06:11,600 --> 02:06:14,200
and engaged with without 
becoming too excited or 

2063
02:06:14,200 --> 02:06:17,200
analytical. 
You'll explore different ways of

2064
02:06:17,200 --> 02:06:21,200
influencing the dream, through 
expectation, through, emotional 

2065
02:06:21,200 --> 02:06:24,600
states, and through the simple 
technique of looking away and 

2066
02:06:24,600 --> 02:06:26,800
back with the intention, that 
something will change. 

2067
02:06:27,700 --> 02:06:29,700
You'll never publish This 
research formerly. 

2068
02:06:29,700 --> 02:06:34,000
It's too subjective to difficult
to verify and too far outside 

2069
02:06:34,000 --> 02:06:36,500
the bounds of respectable 
natural philosophy. 

2070
02:06:37,700 --> 02:06:41,200
But you'll keep your details 
records and someday centuries 

2071
02:06:41,200 --> 02:06:43,600
later. 
When the scientific study of 

2072
02:06:43,600 --> 02:06:47,000
Consciousness has become 
acceptable, researchers will 

2073
02:06:47,000 --> 02:06:49,700
find patterns in your 
observations that match their 

2074
02:06:49,700 --> 02:06:53,900
own findings. 
For now, though, you're simply a

2075
02:06:53,900 --> 02:06:57,000
curious person who's discovered 
a laboratory within your own 

2076
02:06:57,008 --> 02:06:59,500
mind. 
A place where you can explore 

2077
02:06:59,500 --> 02:07:02,300
the nature of Consciousness 
through direct experience. 

2078
02:07:03,400 --> 02:07:07,700
Your University student in 
Germany around 1850 and your 

2079
02:07:07,700 --> 02:07:09,500
philosophy. 
Professor has been discussing. 

2080
02:07:09,500 --> 02:07:12,800
The nature of Consciousness in 
ways that make your head hurt 

2081
02:07:12,800 --> 02:07:16,400
and your notebook, fill with 
questions, you're not sure how 

2082
02:07:16,400 --> 02:07:19,800
to answer. 
The course is on phenomenology. 

2083
02:07:20,700 --> 02:07:23,400
The systematic study of 
conscious experience itself. 

2084
02:07:24,300 --> 02:07:28,100
And today's lecture has been, 
particularly abstract focused on

2085
02:07:28,100 --> 02:07:30,700
the question of whether 
Consciousness requires 

2086
02:07:30,700 --> 02:07:34,100
self-awareness, whether it's 
possible to be conscious without

2087
02:07:34,100 --> 02:07:38,900
knowing that your conscience, 
Professor a thin man in his 50s 

2088
02:07:38,900 --> 02:07:42,100
with wiring spectacles and a 
habit of pacing while he talks 

2089
02:07:42,100 --> 02:07:46,600
uses examples that initially 
seem clear but become more 

2090
02:07:46,608 --> 02:07:48,400
confusing. 
The more you think about them? 

2091
02:07:48,400 --> 02:07:51,300
Consider a dog? 
He says, chasing a rabbit. 

2092
02:07:52,200 --> 02:07:56,500
The dog is certainly conscious. 
Believes the rabbit, feels the 

2093
02:07:56,500 --> 02:08:00,300
excitement of pursuit and adjust
its running to match the rabbits

2094
02:08:00,300 --> 02:08:03,000
movements. 
But is the dog aware that it's 

2095
02:08:03,000 --> 02:08:05,700
conscious. 
Does it think to itself? 

2096
02:08:05,700 --> 02:08:10,100
I am now having the experience 
of chasing a rabbit or does it 

2097
02:08:10,108 --> 02:08:14,900
simply Chase with Consciousness 
present but not reflected upon? 

2098
02:08:16,200 --> 02:08:19,000
This abstract discussion has 
been rattling around in your 

2099
02:08:19,000 --> 02:08:22,500
mind for days, getting tangled 
up with your own experiences 

2100
02:08:22,500 --> 02:08:26,200
with dreams. 
Like many people, you've had 

2101
02:08:26,200 --> 02:08:30,300
occasional moments of clarity 
within dreams brief flashes 

2102
02:08:30,300 --> 02:08:33,600
where you understood, you were 
asleep where you possessed a 

2103
02:08:33,600 --> 02:08:37,600
strange Jewel away, awareness. 
These experiences of always 

2104
02:08:37,600 --> 02:08:40,100
seemed interesting but not 
particularly significant. 

2105
02:08:41,100 --> 02:08:45,000
Just an odd Quirk of sleep. 
Something that happens sometimes

2106
02:08:45,000 --> 02:08:48,400
for no clear reason. 
But now, in light of these 

2107
02:08:48,400 --> 02:08:51,200
philosophical discussions, those
dream experiences seem 

2108
02:08:51,200 --> 02:08:54,600
potentially relevant. 
If Consciousness can exist 

2109
02:08:54,600 --> 02:08:58,100
without self-awareness during 
Waking Life, what's happening 

2110
02:08:58,100 --> 02:09:02,000
during a dream where you become 
aware that your dreaming, Is 

2111
02:09:02,000 --> 02:09:05,100
that a case of self-awareness 
arising within a normally 

2112
02:09:05,100 --> 02:09:08,700
unreflective conscious state? 
Does it, tell us something about

2113
02:09:08,700 --> 02:09:11,500
the layers or levels of 
consciousness, about how 

2114
02:09:11,500 --> 02:09:13,300
awareness can turn back on 
itself? 

2115
02:09:14,200 --> 02:09:17,500
One evening, after a 
particularly intense seminar on 

2116
02:09:17,500 --> 02:09:19,600
the phenomenology of temporal 
experience. 

2117
02:09:20,400 --> 02:09:24,000
How we perceive time, how the 
present moment contains traces 

2118
02:09:24,000 --> 02:09:27,000
of the immediate past and 
anticipation of the immediate 

2119
02:09:27,000 --> 02:09:29,000
future. 
You mentioned your dream 

2120
02:09:29,000 --> 02:09:31,500
experiences to the professor 
during office hours. 

2121
02:09:31,500 --> 02:09:35,000
You're nervous about bringing it
up worried, it might seem 

2122
02:09:35,000 --> 02:09:38,800
frivolous or off topic but he's 
encouraged students to relate 

2123
02:09:38,800 --> 02:09:42,200
the theoretical discussions to 
their own experiences of 

2124
02:09:42,200 --> 02:09:44,900
consciousness. 
His eyes light up with 

2125
02:09:44,900 --> 02:09:47,400
unmistakable interest when you 
describe the moments of 

2126
02:09:47,408 --> 02:09:51,800
awareness within dreams. 
Yes, he says leaning forward in 

2127
02:09:51,800 --> 02:09:54,000
his chair. 
This is exactly the kind of 

2128
02:09:54,000 --> 02:09:55,500
phenomenon, we should be 
examining. 

2129
02:09:56,300 --> 02:09:58,800
The dream state offers a unique 
laboratory for studying 

2130
02:09:58,800 --> 02:10:02,500
Consciousness because it's a 
state where experience continues

2131
02:10:02,500 --> 02:10:06,200
that are normal Frameworks for 
interpreting experience, a 

2132
02:10:06,200 --> 02:10:08,400
suspended. 
He explains that he's been 

2133
02:10:08,400 --> 02:10:10,100
collecting accounts of what he 
calls. 

2134
02:10:10,100 --> 02:10:15,000
Lucid dreams from the Latin 
Luxe, meaning light suggesting 

2135
02:10:15,000 --> 02:10:18,600
illumination or clarity. 
These are dreams where the 

2136
02:10:18,608 --> 02:10:21,400
dreamer knows their dreaming 
where there's a wenaas of the 

2137
02:10:21,400 --> 02:10:25,700
dream state while it continues. 
He's noticed that certain people

2138
02:10:25,700 --> 02:10:29,600
seem naturally prone to these 
experiences While others report 

2139
02:10:29,600 --> 02:10:32,600
never having them. 
He's also noticed that practice 

2140
02:10:32,600 --> 02:10:36,500
and attention seemed to matter. 
People who think about dreams 

2141
02:10:36,500 --> 02:10:39,900
who value them and who try to 
remember and reflect on them 

2142
02:10:39,900 --> 02:10:43,100
report more instances of lucid 
dreaming than people who ignore 

2143
02:10:43,100 --> 02:10:46,300
their dream life entirely. 
He gives you an assignment. 

2144
02:10:47,200 --> 02:10:50,500
For one month, conduct a 
personal experiment in what he 

2145
02:10:50,500 --> 02:10:54,700
calls, Consciousness continuity.
The goal is to see if you can 

2146
02:10:54,700 --> 02:10:57,600
maintain some thread of 
awareness through the transition

2147
02:10:57,600 --> 02:11:01,200
from waking to sleeping and to 
observe what happens to 

2148
02:11:01,200 --> 02:11:03,600
Consciousness as it shifts 
between states. 

2149
02:11:04,600 --> 02:11:08,200
He suggests several techniques 
drawing on his reading of 

2150
02:11:08,200 --> 02:11:10,600
spiritual and philosophical 
traditions. 

2151
02:11:11,400 --> 02:11:15,000
First keep a dream journal. 
Write down everything. 

2152
02:11:15,000 --> 02:11:18,400
You remember from dreams 
immediately upon waking before 

2153
02:11:18,400 --> 02:11:22,400
the memories fade, this builds 
the habit of paying attention to

2154
02:11:22,400 --> 02:11:25,100
dreams which seems to influence 
the dreams themselves. 

2155
02:11:26,600 --> 02:11:29,700
Second practice reality testing 
during the day. 

2156
02:11:29,700 --> 02:11:32,300
Periodically stop and ask 
yourself. 

2157
02:11:33,300 --> 02:11:35,600
Am I dreaming and look for 
evidence? 

2158
02:11:36,400 --> 02:11:39,000
Check if text changes when you 
look away and back. 

2159
02:11:39,800 --> 02:11:42,000
Try to remember how you got to 
where you are. 

2160
02:11:42,900 --> 02:11:47,000
Notice if anything unusual is 
happening, the idea is that this

2161
02:11:47,000 --> 02:11:49,600
habit will eventually carry over
into sleep. 

2162
02:11:50,500 --> 02:11:54,300
Third trying to Monique 
induction, as you're falling 

2163
02:11:54,300 --> 02:11:57,500
asleep, repeated phrase, like 
the next time I'm Dreaming. 

2164
02:11:57,500 --> 02:12:02,200
I'll remember I'm Dreaming or I 
will recognize my dreams as 

2165
02:12:02,200 --> 02:12:05,500
dreams. 
Don't Force It Or concentrate 

2166
02:12:05,500 --> 02:12:08,400
hard. 
Just let it cycle gently through

2167
02:12:08,400 --> 02:12:11,600
your mind as you drift off. 
Forth. 

2168
02:12:11,600 --> 02:12:15,100
If you wait during the night, 
spend a few moments in that 

2169
02:12:15,100 --> 02:12:18,600
liminal State between sleeping 
and waking noticing. 

2170
02:12:18,600 --> 02:12:22,400
What Consciousness feels like in
that transitional Zone, you take

2171
02:12:22,400 --> 02:12:25,200
the assignments, seriously 
approaching it with the same 

2172
02:12:25,200 --> 02:12:29,300
systematic rigor, you would 
bring to any academic study You 

2173
02:12:29,300 --> 02:12:32,300
purchase a new notebook, 
specifically for dream records. 

2174
02:12:32,300 --> 02:12:35,400
Every morning. 
You spend 15 minutes right in 

2175
02:12:35,400 --> 02:12:38,400
down everything you can remember
from the night, not just 

2176
02:12:38,400 --> 02:12:42,900
narrative but Sensations 
emotions the quality of light 

2177
02:12:42,900 --> 02:12:48,300
unusual details and moments of 
transition or confusion. during 

2178
02:12:48,300 --> 02:12:52,900
the day, you set yourself the 
task of asking Am I Dreaming at 

2179
02:12:52,900 --> 02:12:56,500
least 10 times trying to spread 
them throughout the day so it 

2180
02:12:56,500 --> 02:13:01,300
becomes a genuine habit rather 
than a mere formality You check 

2181
02:13:01,308 --> 02:13:04,200
your hands looking for the kinds
of anomalies. 

2182
02:13:04,200 --> 02:13:07,200
Others have reported. 
Wrong numbers of fingers. 

2183
02:13:07,200 --> 02:13:10,800
Stranger appearance shifting 
form. 

2184
02:13:11,800 --> 02:13:16,200
You try to read text twice? 
Confirming it stays consistent. 

2185
02:13:17,000 --> 02:13:20,300
You think about how you got to 
where you are checking, if the 

2186
02:13:20,300 --> 02:13:23,400
memory is clear and logical or 
vague and Confused? 

2187
02:13:24,100 --> 02:13:27,700
The first week produces Nothing 
But Ordinary dreams and 

2188
02:13:27,700 --> 02:13:32,900
frustrating gaps in memory. 
You remember, fragments being in

2189
02:13:32,900 --> 02:13:35,900
a forest having conversation 
with someone whose face you 

2190
02:13:35,900 --> 02:13:38,900
can't recall looking for 
something important that keeps 

2191
02:13:38,900 --> 02:13:42,000
alluding you. 
But nothing coherent and 

2192
02:13:42,000 --> 02:13:44,300
certainly no moments of 
awareness or recognition. 

2193
02:13:45,700 --> 02:13:48,800
The reality testing during the 
day just makes you feel slightly

2194
02:13:48,800 --> 02:13:51,600
foolish. 
Asking yourself if your dreaming

2195
02:13:51,600 --> 02:13:55,200
in perfectly ordinary lectures 
or walking through completely 

2196
02:13:55,200 --> 02:14:00,500
normal streets, The second week,
something small happens, you're 

2197
02:14:00,500 --> 02:14:03,900
having a dream about falling, a 
common enough, dream type. 

2198
02:14:03,900 --> 02:14:07,100
And as you Falls tumbling 
through space, with that 

2199
02:14:07,100 --> 02:14:10,400
characteristic dream combination
of Terror and strange 

2200
02:14:10,400 --> 02:14:14,300
Detachment, he suddenly think 
this is a dream, I'm safe. 

2201
02:14:15,300 --> 02:14:18,700
The thought is brief lasting, 
perhaps a second before the 

2202
02:14:18,700 --> 02:14:20,900
dream ends new wake with your 
heart pounding. 

2203
02:14:21,800 --> 02:14:27,200
But it was there unmistakably a 
moment of recognition, a flash 

2204
02:14:27,200 --> 02:14:30,400
of awareness that you are asleep
and that the danger wasn't real.

2205
02:14:31,200 --> 02:14:35,000
You write it down, immediately. 
Noting the circumstances, you'd 

2206
02:14:35,000 --> 02:14:38,200
been practicing the mnemonic 
induction technique before sleep

2207
02:14:38,200 --> 02:14:42,300
repeating. 
I will recognize my dreams as 

2208
02:14:42,300 --> 02:14:45,800
you drifted off. 
You'd also spend extra time that

2209
02:14:45,800 --> 02:14:47,700
day asking yourself if you 
dreaming. 

2210
02:14:48,500 --> 02:14:51,300
The correlation might be 
coincidental but it seems worth 

2211
02:14:51,300 --> 02:14:54,300
noting. 
Third week, something shifts, 

2212
02:14:54,300 --> 02:14:57,600
more dramatically, you're in the
University Library in your 

2213
02:14:57,608 --> 02:15:00,000
dream, which should be closed 
since its night. 

2214
02:15:00,000 --> 02:15:03,900
But this inconsistency doesn't 
immediately strike you as old 

2215
02:15:03,900 --> 02:15:06,300
your searching for a particular 
book. 

2216
02:15:06,300 --> 02:15:11,100
Moving between the tall shells, 
feeling that sense of mild 

2217
02:15:11,100 --> 02:15:14,000
frustration that comes from not 
being able to find what you 

2218
02:15:14,000 --> 02:15:17,800
need. 
The lighting is strange brighter

2219
02:15:17,800 --> 02:15:21,800
than Lamplight dimmer than 
daylight and coming from no 

2220
02:15:21,800 --> 02:15:25,400
obvious source. 
But again, this doesn't trigger 

2221
02:15:25,400 --> 02:15:28,900
any recognition. 
And then for no reason, you can 

2222
02:15:28,900 --> 02:15:33,000
later identify the question 
surfaces from some deeper part 

2223
02:15:33,000 --> 02:15:35,100
of your mind. 
Am I Dreaming? 

2224
02:15:36,400 --> 02:15:39,300
It's the same question, you've 
been asking yourself during the 

2225
02:15:39,300 --> 02:15:44,000
day but now in this context, you
actually examine the questions 

2226
02:15:44,000 --> 02:15:46,100
seriously rather than 
immediately dismissing it. 

2227
02:15:47,200 --> 02:15:50,500
You look at your hands holding 
them up to the strange light. 

2228
02:15:50,500 --> 02:15:53,800
They look wrong. 
The fingers seem to shift and 

2229
02:15:53,800 --> 02:15:56,600
waiver sometimes appearing 
longer than they should be. 

2230
02:15:56,600 --> 02:15:59,800
Sometimes shorter. 
You try counting them and get 

2231
02:15:59,800 --> 02:16:04,200
different results. 
Each time, five, six four, five.

2232
02:16:04,200 --> 02:16:08,300
Again you try the reading test, 
you pull a book from the nearest

2233
02:16:08,300 --> 02:16:10,100
shelf and open it to a random 
page. 

2234
02:16:11,000 --> 02:16:14,400
The text appears to be in German
and you read a sentence of the 

2235
02:16:14,400 --> 02:16:17,400
cultivation of wheat, in 
medieval agricultural systems. 

2236
02:16:17,400 --> 02:16:21,700
You look away then back. 
The text has changed completely 

2237
02:16:21,700 --> 02:16:24,300
now. 
It's in Latin discussing, a 

2238
02:16:24,308 --> 02:16:27,300
risotto and metaphysics. 
Close the book. 

2239
02:16:27,300 --> 02:16:30,400
Put it back, put it out again 
and open it. 

2240
02:16:30,400 --> 02:16:34,400
The pages of blank. 
The recognition arrives with 

2241
02:16:34,400 --> 02:16:37,100
absolute Clarity. 
I am dreaming. 

2242
02:16:38,100 --> 02:16:41,100
But here's what surprises you, 
what will become the core of 

2243
02:16:41,100 --> 02:16:44,299
your report to the professor? 
The awareness doesn't feel like 

2244
02:16:44,299 --> 02:16:48,600
waking consciousness. 
It subtly different less sharp 

2245
02:16:48,600 --> 02:16:52,500
in some ways, but more expansive
in others, you're aware of being

2246
02:16:52,500 --> 02:16:56,000
in a dream, but you're also 
aware of multiple layers of 

2247
02:16:56,000 --> 02:16:59,600
experience simultaneously. 
Existing Somewhere. 

2248
02:16:59,600 --> 02:17:03,600
Distantly, you can feel your 
body in bed, the weight of 

2249
02:17:03,608 --> 02:17:07,500
blankets, the position of your 
limbs and the solidity of the 

2250
02:17:07,500 --> 02:17:10,799
mattress beneath you. 
That's one layer of awareness, 

2251
02:17:10,799 --> 02:17:14,600
peripheral and quiet, but 
definitely present. 

2252
02:17:15,700 --> 02:17:18,900
You're also conscious of the 
dream imagery itself, the 

2253
02:17:18,900 --> 02:17:22,200
library the shelves, the books 
and the strange sourceless 

2254
02:17:22,200 --> 02:17:24,900
light. 
This is the most Vivid layer 

2255
02:17:24,900 --> 02:17:26,700
taking up most of your 
attention. 

2256
02:17:27,799 --> 02:17:32,200
It has the full richness of 
sensory experience visual detail

2257
02:17:32,200 --> 02:17:36,500
spatial relationships. 
The texture of book covers under

2258
02:17:36,500 --> 02:17:40,000
your fingers and the smell of 
old paper and binding glue. 

2259
02:17:40,799 --> 02:17:44,700
And there's a third element 
harder to describe a kind of 

2260
02:17:44,700 --> 02:17:47,400
observing awareness. 
That's watching both the dream 

2261
02:17:47,400 --> 02:17:49,000
and your recognition of the 
dream. 

2262
02:17:49,799 --> 02:17:52,600
It's the part of you that's 
conscious of being conscious, 

2263
02:17:52,600 --> 02:17:54,500
that's aware of having 
awareness. 

2264
02:17:54,500 --> 02:17:58,500
This is the aspect that allows 
you to think I am dreaming and I

2265
02:17:58,500 --> 02:18:01,299
know it. 
That provides the meta-level 

2266
02:18:01,299 --> 02:18:03,200
perspective on the experience 
itself. 

2267
02:18:04,600 --> 02:18:08,100
This three-layered Consciousness
is exactly what your professor 

2268
02:18:08,100 --> 02:18:11,600
has been theorizing, about in 
his lectures, Consciousness 

2269
02:18:11,600 --> 02:18:15,400
isn't a single unified thing, 
but a collection of processes 

2270
02:18:15,400 --> 02:18:18,700
that can separate and recombine 
in interesting ways. 

2271
02:18:19,700 --> 02:18:22,700
During normal Waking Life, these
processes work together. 

2272
02:18:22,700 --> 02:18:27,400
So seamlessly that we experience
them as one thing awareness 

2273
02:18:27,400 --> 02:18:32,100
perception and self-awareness 
all flowing together into the 

2274
02:18:32,100 --> 02:18:34,100
unified experience of being 
conscious. 

2275
02:18:35,100 --> 02:18:37,799
During lucid dreams, they can 
partially separate. 

2276
02:18:37,799 --> 02:18:41,400
Creating this strange state of 
multiple simultaneous. 

2277
02:18:41,400 --> 02:18:45,100
Awarenesses your both in the 
dream and observing the dream, 

2278
02:18:45,100 --> 02:18:48,000
you're a sleep but also somehow 
awake. 

2279
02:18:48,799 --> 02:18:52,299
Your experiencing and analyzing 
the experience at the same time.

2280
02:18:53,200 --> 02:18:55,299
The boundaries between these 
different aspects of 

2281
02:18:55,299 --> 02:18:58,799
Consciousness become visible 
precisely, because they're no 

2282
02:18:58,799 --> 02:19:02,299
longer perfectly aligned. 
You spend the rest of the dream,

2283
02:19:02,299 --> 02:19:05,000
which lasts for what? 
Feels like perhaps 20 minutes 

2284
02:19:05,000 --> 02:19:08,200
though, Dreamtime is notoriously
difficult to judge. 

2285
02:19:09,100 --> 02:19:11,600
Simply observing the state 
noting. 

2286
02:19:11,600 --> 02:19:14,700
Its qualities and trying to 
understand its structure. 

2287
02:19:15,700 --> 02:19:18,799
You move through the library 
noticing how the environment 

2288
02:19:18,799 --> 02:19:21,100
shifts when you're not looking 
directly at it. 

2289
02:19:22,100 --> 02:19:24,200
Shelves, appear in different 
configurations. 

2290
02:19:24,200 --> 02:19:27,299
Doorways. 
Open where wolves should be. 

2291
02:19:28,200 --> 02:19:31,799
The room seems to expand and 
contract based on some logic. 

2292
02:19:31,799 --> 02:19:35,200
You can't quite grasp. 
You try to have coherent 

2293
02:19:35,200 --> 02:19:38,600
thoughts about philosophical, 
questions to bring your waking 

2294
02:19:38,600 --> 02:19:40,700
into electrical analysis into 
the dream. 

2295
02:19:41,799 --> 02:19:44,400
He tried to think about kant's 
categories of understanding 

2296
02:19:44,400 --> 02:19:47,400
about whether the dream 
experience proves, anything 

2297
02:19:47,400 --> 02:19:50,200
about the nature of phenomenal 
versus Newman or reality. 

2298
02:19:51,200 --> 02:19:54,800
But sustained analytical 
thinking his difficult in this 

2299
02:19:54,800 --> 02:19:57,400
state. 
Your thoughts keeps sliding 

2300
02:19:57,400 --> 02:20:01,800
sideways into images and 
Sensations rather than remaining

2301
02:20:01,800 --> 02:20:05,400
as clear propositions. 
What you can do quite 

2302
02:20:05,400 --> 02:20:09,100
successfully is observe. 
You can notice the quality of 

2303
02:20:09,108 --> 02:20:12,200
Consciousness in this state and 
compare attention to how 

2304
02:20:12,200 --> 02:20:15,700
awareness works when freed from 
the usual constraints of waking 

2305
02:20:15,700 --> 02:20:18,400
perception. 
You notice that your attention 

2306
02:20:18,400 --> 02:20:22,100
is more fluid shifting easily 
from one thing to another 

2307
02:20:22,100 --> 02:20:26,000
without the effort that waking 
attention requires You notice 

2308
02:20:26,000 --> 02:20:29,000
that emotions arise and fade 
more quickly without the 

2309
02:20:29,000 --> 02:20:31,500
sustained quality? 
They have during Waking Life. 

2310
02:20:32,400 --> 02:20:35,800
You notice that time feels 
elastic, stretching and 

2311
02:20:35,800 --> 02:20:39,800
compressing unpredictably. 
Most importantly, you notice 

2312
02:20:39,800 --> 02:20:41,700
that the sense of self feels 
different. 

2313
02:20:42,500 --> 02:20:46,000
During Waking Life, you have a 
strong continuous sense of being

2314
02:20:46,000 --> 02:20:49,700
a particular person with a 
particular history particular 

2315
02:20:49,700 --> 02:20:52,900
characteristics and particular, 
relationships and roles. 

2316
02:20:53,600 --> 02:20:57,100
In the lucid dream that senses 
looser more provisional. 

2317
02:20:57,800 --> 02:21:01,200
You know who you are, in some 
abstract sense, but the usual 

2318
02:21:01,200 --> 02:21:03,200
solidity of identity is 
softened. 

2319
02:21:03,200 --> 02:21:06,700
It's not disturbing, just 
different. 

2320
02:21:06,700 --> 02:21:10,500
As if the self is revealed to be
more flexible and constructed 

2321
02:21:10,500 --> 02:21:13,900
than it usually appears. 
Venturi, you're awareness. 

2322
02:21:13,900 --> 02:21:18,200
Begins to fade. 
Clarity dims the multiple layers

2323
02:21:18,200 --> 02:21:21,300
of Consciousness blur back 
together and you slip into 

2324
02:21:21,300 --> 02:21:25,900
ordinary. 
You have confused dreams about 

2325
02:21:25,900 --> 02:21:28,300
trying to write something 
important, but the ink keeps 

2326
02:21:28,300 --> 02:21:31,600
disappearing and about showing 
up to an examination without 

2327
02:21:31,600 --> 02:21:35,200
having studied And then you wake
in the early morning with pale, 

2328
02:21:35,200 --> 02:21:38,700
light coming through your 
window, you lie, there perfectly

2329
02:21:38,700 --> 02:21:42,600
still not wanting to move and 
disrupt the clear memory of the 

2330
02:21:42,600 --> 02:21:46,000
lucid dream. 
Can still feel what it was like 

2331
02:21:46,000 --> 02:21:49,600
and can still access that state 
of multiple simultaneous. 

2332
02:21:49,600 --> 02:21:53,500
Awarenesses, you know, this 
memory will fade as the day, 

2333
02:21:53,500 --> 02:21:56,900
progresses, as you're waking, 
consciousness reasserts, its 

2334
02:21:56,900 --> 02:22:01,000
normal structure, and the dream 
state becomes harder to recall, 

2335
02:22:01,000 --> 02:22:05,200
clearly So you reach for your 
dream journal and spend the next

2336
02:22:05,200 --> 02:22:10,200
hour writing down everything, 
you experience every observation

2337
02:22:10,200 --> 02:22:13,600
and sensation, and insight. 
Trying to capture the 

2338
02:22:13,600 --> 02:22:16,100
phenomenology of the lucid dream
state. 

2339
02:22:17,000 --> 02:22:20,500
It's completely as possible. 
You know, when you bring this to

2340
02:22:20,500 --> 02:22:23,200
your professor, the following 
week, he reads through your 

2341
02:22:23,200 --> 02:22:27,300
notes with visible excitement. 
This is excellent. 

2342
02:22:27,300 --> 02:22:31,000
He says you've documented 
exactly what I've been trying to

2343
02:22:31,000 --> 02:22:33,200
articulate. 
Theoretically, the way 

2344
02:22:33,200 --> 02:22:36,400
Consciousness can layer and 
separate during liminal State's,

2345
02:22:37,000 --> 02:22:39,600
The dream awareness. 
You described with its three 

2346
02:22:39,600 --> 02:22:43,700
levels of perception, confirms 
that Consciousness isn't as 

2347
02:22:43,700 --> 02:22:46,900
simple on-off phenomenon, but a 
complex system that can 

2348
02:22:46,900 --> 02:22:50,300
reconfigure itself. 
He asked you to continue the 

2349
02:22:50,300 --> 02:22:53,300
practice to see if you can have 
more lucid dreams and gather 

2350
02:22:53,300 --> 02:22:57,300
more observational data. he's 
particularly interested in 

2351
02:22:57,300 --> 02:23:01,900
whether you can conduct specific
experiments while lucid Sting 

2352
02:23:01,900 --> 02:23:06,000
the boundaries of dream control 
examining how intention and 

2353
02:23:06,000 --> 02:23:10,000
intention shape, the dream and 
exploring, whether complex 

2354
02:23:10,000 --> 02:23:13,500
reasoning is possible in that 
state, or if it's limited to 

2355
02:23:13,500 --> 02:23:17,800
observation and experience over 
the following months, you become

2356
02:23:17,800 --> 02:23:21,400
quite skilled at lucid dreaming.
You learn the tricks that help. 

2357
02:23:22,100 --> 02:23:26,000
Waking after five or six hours 
of sleep, staying awake briefly 

2358
02:23:26,000 --> 02:23:29,100
then returning to sleep with 
strong intention seems 

2359
02:23:29,100 --> 02:23:32,900
particularly effective. 
You learn that certain mental 

2360
02:23:32,900 --> 02:23:37,200
States encouraged Lucidity being
well rested but not exhausted 

2361
02:23:37,200 --> 02:23:41,000
being interested, but not 
anxious, and approaching sleep 

2362
02:23:41,000 --> 02:23:43,400
with curiosity rather than 
determination. 

2363
02:23:43,400 --> 02:23:47,900
He also learn about the 
limitations Stained abstract 

2364
02:23:47,900 --> 02:23:49,800
reasoning. 
Really is difficult in lucid 

2365
02:23:49,800 --> 02:23:51,600
dreams. 
You can think about 

2366
02:23:51,600 --> 02:23:55,000
philosophical questions that you
can't follow long chains of 

2367
02:23:55,000 --> 02:23:59,300
logical argument the way you can
while away. the Lucid State 

2368
02:23:59,300 --> 02:24:03,200
requires a delicate balance, too
much thinking, and you wake up 

2369
02:24:03,200 --> 02:24:09,000
to little and you slip back into
Strong emotions, destabilize the

2370
02:24:09,008 --> 02:24:13,900
state trying too hard to control
things often backfires what you 

2371
02:24:13,908 --> 02:24:17,200
can do. 
Remarkably well is observe the 

2372
02:24:17,208 --> 02:24:21,100
nature of Consciousness itself. 
You can notice how perception 

2373
02:24:21,100 --> 02:24:24,400
Works. 
How attention, flows, how memory

2374
02:24:24,400 --> 02:24:27,300
operates? 
And how the sense of self forms 

2375
02:24:27,300 --> 02:24:30,800
and dissolves? 
The lucid dream becomes a 

2376
02:24:30,800 --> 02:24:34,200
laboratory for phenomenology 
offering direct experiential. 

2377
02:24:34,200 --> 02:24:37,600
Access to questions that would 
otherwise remain purely 

2378
02:24:37,600 --> 02:24:42,000
theoretical. your professor 
eventually publishes a paper 

2379
02:24:42,000 --> 02:24:45,100
drawing on your observations and
those of other students who 

2380
02:24:45,100 --> 02:24:49,000
participated in similar 
experiments, the paper argues 

2381
02:24:49,000 --> 02:24:51,400
that Consciousness should be 
understood not as a single 

2382
02:24:51,400 --> 02:24:55,100
unified phenomenon, but as a 
collection of processes that 

2383
02:24:55,100 --> 02:24:58,400
typically work together but can 
separate under certain 

2384
02:24:58,400 --> 02:25:01,900
conditions. 
The lucid dream is presented as 

2385
02:25:01,900 --> 02:25:04,800
evidence. 
For this layered model a state 

2386
02:25:04,800 --> 02:25:08,400
where some aspects of waking 
consciousness awareness. 

2387
02:25:08,400 --> 02:25:14,900
Intention memory persist While 
others critical reasoning stable

2388
02:25:14,900 --> 02:25:18,600
sense of self connection to 
sensory and put a diminished or 

2389
02:25:18,600 --> 02:25:20,800
altered. 
The paper doesn't get much 

2390
02:25:20,800 --> 02:25:24,100
attention at the time. 
It's too speculative to 

2391
02:25:24,100 --> 02:25:28,000
dependent on subjective reports 
and too far outside the main 

2392
02:25:28,000 --> 02:25:32,300
currents of academic philosophy.
But it plants seeds, that will 

2393
02:25:32,308 --> 02:25:36,300
grow over the next century and a
half contributing to evolving 

2394
02:25:36,300 --> 02:25:40,100
understanding of Consciousness, 
attention and the relationship 

2395
02:25:40,100 --> 02:25:42,000
between different modes of 
awareness. 

2396
02:25:42,800 --> 02:25:45,500
And for you, personally, it 
transforms sleep from a 

2397
02:25:45,500 --> 02:25:49,000
necessary but passive part of 
life into an active domain of 

2398
02:25:49,000 --> 02:25:51,500
exploration. 
A place where you can 

2399
02:25:51,500 --> 02:25:54,600
investigate the nature of Mind 
through direct experience. 

2400
02:25:55,600 --> 02:25:58,800
You're a research subject in a 
sleep laboratory at Stanford 

2401
02:25:58,800 --> 02:26:04,100
University in California, in 
1975 in your covered in wires 

2402
02:26:04,100 --> 02:26:07,100
that make you look like you're 
being prepared for some kind of 

2403
02:26:07,100 --> 02:26:11,500
elaborate electronic experiment.
Electrodes are pasted to your 

2404
02:26:11,500 --> 02:26:15,200
scalp with thick gel, that feels
cold and slightly uncomfortable.

2405
02:26:16,100 --> 02:26:19,300
Positioned, according to the 
international 10 to 20 system 

2406
02:26:19,300 --> 02:26:23,200
for EEG recording. 
These will monitor your brain 

2407
02:26:23,200 --> 02:26:26,900
waves, tracking the electrical 
activity, that characterizes 

2408
02:26:26,900 --> 02:26:30,900
different stages of sleep. 
Sensors are tape to near your 

2409
02:26:30,900 --> 02:26:34,400
eyes, positioned to detect the 
rapid eye movements that occur 

2410
02:26:34,400 --> 02:26:38,100
during REM sleep. 
The phase when most vivid dreams

2411
02:26:38,100 --> 02:26:40,800
happen. 
Other instruments measure muscle

2412
02:26:40,800 --> 02:26:44,200
tension in your chin, which 
decreases dramatically during 

2413
02:26:44,200 --> 02:26:48,300
REM sleep along with your heart 
rate, breathing patterns, and 

2414
02:26:48,300 --> 02:26:51,200
body movement. 
You've agreed to spend several 

2415
02:26:51,200 --> 02:26:54,100
nights in this laboratory 
sleeping under observation, 

2416
02:26:54,100 --> 02:26:57,600
while trying to have lucid 
dreams It's not particularly 

2417
02:26:57,600 --> 02:27:01,700
comfortable, the wires, restrict
your movement, the electrodes 

2418
02:27:01,700 --> 02:27:05,400
itch slightly, and you're aware 
of being watched and recorded in

2419
02:27:05,400 --> 02:27:06,800
a way. 
That's not conducive to 

2420
02:27:06,800 --> 02:27:10,100
relaxation. 
But you're fascinated by the 

2421
02:27:10,100 --> 02:27:12,100
research and convinced its 
important. 

2422
02:27:12,100 --> 02:27:16,700
So you volunteered despite the 
discomfort The lead researcher 

2423
02:27:16,700 --> 02:27:19,900
is a psychologist named Stephen 
Laberge who's been studying 

2424
02:27:19,900 --> 02:27:23,400
lucid dreaming for years 
fighting, an uphill battle for 

2425
02:27:23,400 --> 02:27:26,200
legitimacy in a field that 
generally considers the topic 

2426
02:27:26,200 --> 02:27:30,800
fringe science of best. 
Pseudoscientific nonsense at 

2427
02:27:30,800 --> 02:27:33,600
worst. 
The problem is fundamental 

2428
02:27:33,600 --> 02:27:36,200
dreams are inherently 
subjective. 

2429
02:27:36,200 --> 02:27:41,100
Private experience is, you can 
report having been aware in a 

2430
02:27:41,100 --> 02:27:44,600
dream can describe the 
experience in detail and can 

2431
02:27:44,600 --> 02:27:48,700
swear it really happened. 
But how can researchers verify 

2432
02:27:48,700 --> 02:27:51,200
this? 
How can they prove that you are 

2433
02:27:51,200 --> 02:27:54,800
actually conscious during REM 
sleep, and not just creating 

2434
02:27:54,800 --> 02:27:59,200
false memories upon waking or 
misunderstanding normal, dream 

2435
02:27:59,200 --> 02:28:03,400
confusion for genuine awareness,
for most of scientific history. 

2436
02:28:03,400 --> 02:28:07,400
This verification problem has 
seemed insurmountable You can't 

2437
02:28:07,408 --> 02:28:11,300
directly access someone else's 
subjective experience, you can't

2438
02:28:11,300 --> 02:28:14,500
peer into their sleeping mind 
and see whether awareness is 

2439
02:28:14,500 --> 02:28:17,900
present. 
All you have is their report and

2440
02:28:17,900 --> 02:28:22,000
reports notoriously unreliable 
subject to false memories 

2441
02:28:22,000 --> 02:28:24,900
confabulation and wishful 
thinking. 

2442
02:28:26,100 --> 02:28:28,700
The burgers solution is elegant 
in its simplicity. 

2443
02:28:29,700 --> 02:28:32,700
Create a prearranged signal that
can only be produced 

2444
02:28:32,700 --> 02:28:36,200
deliberately then have lucid 
dreamers execute that signal 

2445
02:28:36,200 --> 02:28:39,600
while dreaming. if the signal 
appears on the recording 

2446
02:28:39,600 --> 02:28:43,300
equipment, at the right time 
during REM sleep, when dreams 

2447
02:28:43,300 --> 02:28:46,700
are occurring, it proves that 
the person was conscious enough 

2448
02:28:46,700 --> 02:28:50,300
to remember a task in executed 
to deliberately That they 

2449
02:28:50,300 --> 02:28:53,500
weren't just passively 
experiencing random dream image 

2450
02:28:53,500 --> 02:28:56,800
imagery, the reactively aware 
and capable of volitional 

2451
02:28:56,800 --> 02:28:59,100
action. 
The specific signal. 

2452
02:28:59,100 --> 02:29:02,500
You've agreed on his eye 
movement during REM sleep. 

2453
02:29:02,500 --> 02:29:05,200
Most of the body's voluntary 
muscles are paralyzed. 

2454
02:29:05,200 --> 02:29:08,200
This is why you don't physically
act out your dreams. 

2455
02:29:08,200 --> 02:29:12,700
While you don't actually run or 
fight or fly, despite dreaming 

2456
02:29:12,700 --> 02:29:16,300
about these actions. 
But the muscles controlling eye 

2457
02:29:16,300 --> 02:29:19,900
movement aren't paralyzed. 
They remain active and their 

2458
02:29:19,900 --> 02:29:23,200
movements, during dreams can be 
detected by the sensors near 

2459
02:29:23,200 --> 02:29:25,800
your eyes. 
Before going to sleep tonight, 

2460
02:29:25,800 --> 02:29:28,700
you and Laberge review the 
signal one more time. 

2461
02:29:29,700 --> 02:29:32,800
If you become Lucid in a dream, 
you'll deliberately move your 

2462
02:29:32,800 --> 02:29:38,900
eyes in a specific pattern left.
Right left, right, left right? 

2463
02:29:38,900 --> 02:29:41,300
Several times in quick 
succession. 

2464
02:29:42,300 --> 02:29:45,000
This pattern is distinctive 
enough that it won't be confused

2465
02:29:45,000 --> 02:29:48,100
with the random eye movements 
that occur during normal are em 

2466
02:29:48,100 --> 02:29:50,500
sleep. 
If it appears on the recording 

2467
02:29:50,500 --> 02:29:54,700
during an RM, period, it will be
objective verifiable evidence 

2468
02:29:54,700 --> 02:29:58,000
that you are conscious and 
capable of executing a plan 

2469
02:29:58,008 --> 02:30:01,400
action while dreaming. 
The first night produces nothing

2470
02:30:01,400 --> 02:30:04,500
useful, you sleep, but it's not 
your normal sleep. 

2471
02:30:04,500 --> 02:30:08,600
The laboratory environment is 
too unfamiliar the wires to 

2472
02:30:08,600 --> 02:30:11,700
constraining and you're 
awareness of being observed to 

2473
02:30:11,700 --> 02:30:15,400
present You have dreams vague 
and forget about with no 

2474
02:30:15,400 --> 02:30:18,500
lucidity. 
You wake feeling unrested and 

2475
02:30:18,500 --> 02:30:21,700
slightly discouraged. 
Second night is similar. 

2476
02:30:22,500 --> 02:30:24,700
You're more comfortable with the
setup, but that doesn't 

2477
02:30:24,700 --> 02:30:28,500
translate into lucid dreams. 
You have one moment that might 

2478
02:30:28,500 --> 02:30:32,700
have been dreaming about being 
in a classroom and something 

2479
02:30:32,700 --> 02:30:35,400
seemed odd. 
But you can't remember whether 

2480
02:30:35,400 --> 02:30:38,600
you actually recognize it as a 
dream, or just felt confused 

2481
02:30:38,600 --> 02:30:41,800
within the dream narrative. 
Either way you didn't think to 

2482
02:30:41,800 --> 02:30:43,500
signal. 
So there's no data. 

2483
02:30:44,200 --> 02:30:46,600
By the third night, you're 
starting to worry that you've 

2484
02:30:46,600 --> 02:30:48,400
lost whatever. 
Knack you had for lucid 

2485
02:30:48,400 --> 02:30:50,900
dreaming. 
You've had them spontaneously 

2486
02:30:50,900 --> 02:30:53,000
before. 
That's why you were recruited 

2487
02:30:53,000 --> 02:30:55,700
for this study. 
But the pressure to perform 

2488
02:30:55,700 --> 02:30:59,000
seems to be interfering with the
spontaneity these dreams require

2489
02:30:59,700 --> 02:31:03,900
you're trying to hard thinking 
about it too much, and that very

2490
02:31:03,900 --> 02:31:07,800
effort is preventing the state, 
you're trying to achieve The 

2491
02:31:07,800 --> 02:31:10,500
bird reading your frustration 
suggests, a different approach 

2492
02:31:10,500 --> 02:31:13,200
for the fourth night. 
Stop trying so hard. 

2493
02:31:13,200 --> 02:31:16,700
He says just go to sleep. 
Normally if you happen to become

2494
02:31:16,700 --> 02:31:20,300
Lucid great, send the signal. 
If not. 

2495
02:31:20,300 --> 02:31:24,200
That's fine too, no pressure. 
It's good advice, though. 

2496
02:31:24,200 --> 02:31:28,700
Paradoxical trying to not try to
deliberately cultivating an 

2497
02:31:28,700 --> 02:31:30,200
attitude of relaxed in 
different. 

2498
02:31:31,600 --> 02:31:34,400
You follow his suggestion, 
approaching sleep with less 

2499
02:31:34,400 --> 02:31:38,200
determination and more openness.
You do your usual, Priestly 

2500
02:31:38,200 --> 02:31:40,800
routine. 
Reviewing the signal pattern to 

2501
02:31:40,800 --> 02:31:42,900
make sure you remember it and 
setting. 

2502
02:31:42,900 --> 02:31:47,400
A gentle intention to recognize 
dreams as dreams, but not 

2503
02:31:47,400 --> 02:31:51,300
forcing or straining. 
Then you just let go allowing 

2504
02:31:51,300 --> 02:31:53,600
sleep to come naturally, rather 
than pursuing it. 

2505
02:31:55,100 --> 02:31:57,900
The Dream Begins in a shopping 
mall which should immediately 

2506
02:31:57,900 --> 02:32:00,200
seem odd since you're sleeping 
in a laboratory. 

2507
02:32:01,000 --> 02:32:02,900
But dream logic makes it seem 
reasonable. 

2508
02:32:02,900 --> 02:32:06,700
You're walking through corridors
lined with stores looking for 

2509
02:32:06,700 --> 02:32:10,000
something. 
You're not quite sure what the 

2510
02:32:10,000 --> 02:32:11,700
stores keep changing their 
positions. 

2511
02:32:11,700 --> 02:32:15,500
One moment the bookstore is on 
your left the next time you look

2512
02:32:15,500 --> 02:32:18,800
it's on your right or maybe it's
not there at all. 

2513
02:32:18,808 --> 02:32:22,700
But replaced with a clothing 
store you don't recognize The 

2514
02:32:22,700 --> 02:32:26,100
shifting positions should be 
your first clue and finally, 

2515
02:32:26,100 --> 02:32:29,600
they are. 
The inconsistency, triggers the 

2516
02:32:29,600 --> 02:32:32,800
questioning habit, you've built 
through months of reality 

2517
02:32:32,800 --> 02:32:34,400
testing. 
Am I Dreaming? 

2518
02:32:35,600 --> 02:32:38,400
You check your hands holding 
them up to examine them. 

2519
02:32:38,400 --> 02:32:43,000
They look strange, the fingers 
seem too long or is it that your

2520
02:32:43,000 --> 02:32:46,200
palms are too small? 
The proportions are somehow 

2521
02:32:46,200 --> 02:32:48,600
wrong. 
Shifting, when you try to focus 

2522
02:32:48,600 --> 02:32:52,600
on them, You try to remember how
you got here, and the memory is 

2523
02:32:52,600 --> 02:32:55,100
vague. 
Fragmentary and impossible to 

2524
02:32:55,100 --> 02:32:56,600
pin down? 
Yes. 

2525
02:32:56,600 --> 02:33:00,200
You realize with sudden Clarity.
I'm definitely dreaming. 

2526
02:33:00,900 --> 02:33:04,300
And then crucially, you 
remember, you're in the sleep, 

2527
02:33:04,300 --> 02:33:08,000
lab, your participating, in 
research, you're supposed to 

2528
02:33:08,008 --> 02:33:10,400
send a signal. 
This is harder than it. 

2529
02:33:10,400 --> 02:33:14,000
Sounds in theory in the dream, 
you don't have a body lying and 

2530
02:33:14,000 --> 02:33:15,500
a lab bed with electrodes 
attached. 

2531
02:33:15,500 --> 02:33:18,700
You have a body standing in a 
shopping mall fully engaged with

2532
02:33:18,700 --> 02:33:21,200
that environment. 
To move your actual physical 

2533
02:33:21,200 --> 02:33:22,900
eyes. 
You have to somehow reach 

2534
02:33:22,900 --> 02:33:25,000
through the dream to the 
physical body? 

2535
02:33:25,000 --> 02:33:27,900
You're not currently 
experiencing that exists in a 

2536
02:33:27,900 --> 02:33:30,700
different layer of reality. 
That's only peripherally 

2537
02:33:30,700 --> 02:33:33,700
accessible. 
You focus concentrating on your 

2538
02:33:33,700 --> 02:33:35,800
real eyes rather than your dream
eyes. 

2539
02:33:36,700 --> 02:33:39,100
Feels like trying to move a 
limb, that's fallen asleep. 

2540
02:33:39,100 --> 02:33:42,800
You know, it's there you can 
feel it distantly but the 

2541
02:33:42,800 --> 02:33:47,700
connection is fuzzy and indirect
You visualize the pattern left, 

2542
02:33:47,700 --> 02:33:54,900
right left right left, right? 
And then you do it or at least 

2543
02:33:54,908 --> 02:33:58,500
you try to do it moving what you
hope or your actualize in the 

2544
02:33:58,508 --> 02:34:02,200
agreed upon pattern repeating it
several times to make sure it's 

2545
02:34:02,200 --> 02:34:05,900
clear and deliberate. 
The mall continues around you. 

2546
02:34:05,900 --> 02:34:09,800
Nothing in the dream changes in 
response to the eye movements. 

2547
02:34:09,800 --> 02:34:13,500
They're happening in a different
reality affecting, your physical

2548
02:34:13,500 --> 02:34:17,000
body, in the laboratory rather 
than your dream body in the 

2549
02:34:17,000 --> 02:34:19,100
mall. 
But you feel a sense of 

2550
02:34:19,108 --> 02:34:21,800
accomplishment of having 
completed the task? 

2551
02:34:22,600 --> 02:34:25,400
You've sent the message from 
inside the dream to the outside 

2552
02:34:25,400 --> 02:34:30,100
world, Bridging, the Gap between
sleeping and waking reality in a

2553
02:34:30,100 --> 02:34:33,300
measurable way. 
The dream continues for a while 

2554
02:34:33,300 --> 02:34:36,600
longer. 
You explore them, all conscious 

2555
02:34:36,600 --> 02:34:39,800
throughout that your dreaming 
marveling at the detail and 

2556
02:34:39,800 --> 02:34:43,000
coherence of the environment. 
You're sleeping mind is created.

2557
02:34:44,000 --> 02:34:47,200
You try some simple experiments 
willing. 

2558
02:34:47,200 --> 02:34:52,700
Adore to appear in a blank wall 
which works Trying to fly, which

2559
02:34:52,700 --> 02:34:55,800
doesn't and changing the color 
of your clothing. 

2560
02:34:56,700 --> 02:34:59,100
Which works but takes more 
effort than you expected. 

2561
02:35:00,400 --> 02:35:03,900
The lucid dream remains stable 
and Vivid for what feels like 

2562
02:35:03,900 --> 02:35:07,200
several minutes before you drift
into non-uc dreaming and 

2563
02:35:07,200 --> 02:35:10,400
eventually wait. 
In the morning, when the 

2564
02:35:10,400 --> 02:35:13,500
researchers review the recording
equipment, there's carefully 

2565
02:35:13,500 --> 02:35:15,400
controlled excitement in the 
laboratory. 

2566
02:35:16,400 --> 02:35:19,500
The police on the graph traces 
show clear, REM sleep during the

2567
02:35:19,500 --> 02:35:23,500
period when you reported have 
the lucid dream and their 

2568
02:35:23,500 --> 02:35:27,500
unmistakable in the eye movement
recording is the signal pattern,

2569
02:35:27,500 --> 02:35:34,000
you sent left right, left right 
left, right appearing multiple 

2570
02:35:34,000 --> 02:35:38,500
times during REM sleep. 
Exactly when and where it should

2571
02:35:38,500 --> 02:35:41,000
be. 
If your report of lucid dreaming

2572
02:35:41,000 --> 02:35:44,400
is accurate. 
For the first time, someone has 

2573
02:35:44,400 --> 02:35:46,700
sent a message from inside a 
dream to the outside world. 

2574
02:35:47,500 --> 02:35:49,700
Proving through objective 
measurement that they were 

2575
02:35:49,700 --> 02:35:53,000
conscious enough to remember a 
task and execute it deliberately

2576
02:35:53,000 --> 02:35:56,500
while asleep. 
The signal appears during REM 

2577
02:35:56,500 --> 02:36:00,000
sleep when brain activity is 
similar to waking, but the body 

2578
02:36:00,000 --> 02:36:02,700
is paralyzed and the eyes are 
moving rapidly. 

2579
02:36:03,700 --> 02:36:06,800
This rules out the possibility 
that you are actually awake or 

2580
02:36:06,800 --> 02:36:11,000
in some lighter stage of sleep. 
You are genuinely dreaming as 

2581
02:36:11,000 --> 02:36:15,100
proven by the RAF indicators, 
but you are also conscious and 

2582
02:36:15,100 --> 02:36:17,900
volitional as proven by the 
deliberate signal. 

2583
02:36:19,400 --> 02:36:22,300
This experiment repeated over, 
the following months and years 

2584
02:36:22,300 --> 02:36:25,700
with multiple subjects. 
Will finally establish lucid 

2585
02:36:25,700 --> 02:36:29,100
dreaming as a legitimate 
phenomenon worthy of serious 

2586
02:36:29,100 --> 02:36:33,600
scientific study. 
It confirms what to better monks

2587
02:36:33,600 --> 02:36:37,400
of claimed for centuries. 
What medieval Mystics reported 

2588
02:36:37,400 --> 02:36:41,700
and what curious philosophers 
suspected Consciousness can 

2589
02:36:41,700 --> 02:36:45,100
persist during sleep. 
You can be aware that your 

2590
02:36:45,100 --> 02:36:46,900
dreaming while the dream 
continues. 

2591
02:36:46,900 --> 02:36:51,100
And with practice this state can
be reliably accessed and studied

2592
02:36:52,000 --> 02:36:55,300
The implications extend beyond 
just proving that lucid dreams 

2593
02:36:55,300 --> 02:36:58,100
exist. 
The research demonstrates that 

2594
02:36:58,100 --> 02:37:01,000
our em sleep, isn't simply an 
unconscious state. 

2595
02:37:01,000 --> 02:37:04,600
Where random neural firing 
produces meaningless stream. 

2596
02:37:04,600 --> 02:37:08,200
Imagery It's a state where 
complex cognition can occur 

2597
02:37:08,200 --> 02:37:11,300
where awareness can be 
maintained and where voluntary 

2598
02:37:11,300 --> 02:37:15,200
action is possible. 
Sleeper isn't passive but can 

2599
02:37:15,200 --> 02:37:17,500
actively engage with their dream
experience. 

2600
02:37:17,500 --> 02:37:22,300
Can remember intentions formed 
while awake can execute planned 

2601
02:37:22,300 --> 02:37:25,700
actions and can observe and 
report on their mental state. 

2602
02:37:27,100 --> 02:37:29,400
This opens up new questions and 
possibilities. 

2603
02:37:30,300 --> 02:37:33,200
If people can be conscious 
during dreams, what can they 

2604
02:37:33,200 --> 02:37:36,700
learn about Consciousness Itself
by investigating this state? 

2605
02:37:37,600 --> 02:37:40,900
Can lucid dreaming be used 
therapeutically helping people 

2606
02:37:40,900 --> 02:37:45,000
with nightmares or trauma. 
Can it be trained systematically

2607
02:37:45,000 --> 02:37:47,700
or does it require some innate 
capacity? 

2608
02:37:48,600 --> 02:37:51,900
What are the neural mechanisms 
that allow awareness to persist 

2609
02:37:51,900 --> 02:37:53,600
during REM sleep when it usually
doesn't? 

2610
02:37:54,600 --> 02:37:57,500
How does the brain maintain that
dual state of being asleep at 

2611
02:37:57,500 --> 02:38:00,000
all? 
So conscious For you personally 

2612
02:38:00,000 --> 02:38:02,500
participating in this research 
has been transformative. 

2613
02:38:03,400 --> 02:38:05,800
You've gone from someone who 
occasionally had interesting 

2614
02:38:05,800 --> 02:38:09,100
dreams to someone actively 
investigating the nature of 

2615
02:38:09,100 --> 02:38:11,200
Consciousness through direct 
experience. 

2616
02:38:12,300 --> 02:38:16,000
The laboratory setting far from 
diminishing, the phenomenon has 

2617
02:38:16,000 --> 02:38:18,100
made it more real more 
legitimate. 

2618
02:38:18,800 --> 02:38:22,300
Your subjective experience now 
has objective validation. 

2619
02:38:22,300 --> 02:38:25,700
What you feel? 
And observe in lucid dreams 

2620
02:38:25,700 --> 02:38:29,600
corresponds to measurable 
changes in brain activity and to

2621
02:38:29,600 --> 02:38:32,000
detectable signals in the 
physical world. 

2622
02:38:33,400 --> 02:38:35,600
Over the following weeks, your 
return to the lab. 

2623
02:38:35,600 --> 02:38:40,100
Several more times, contributing
more data to the growing body of

2624
02:38:40,100 --> 02:38:42,700
evidence. 
You'll get better at signaling 

2625
02:38:42,700 --> 02:38:46,800
from dreams, sometimes sending 
complex messages, different 

2626
02:38:46,800 --> 02:38:50,000
numbers of eye movements to 
indicate different things, and 

2627
02:38:50,000 --> 02:38:53,200
responding to external stimuli 
that the researchers present 

2628
02:38:53,200 --> 02:38:56,600
during your sleep. 
You'll help map the relationship

2629
02:38:56,600 --> 02:38:59,700
between subjective experience 
and objective measurement 

2630
02:38:59,700 --> 02:39:03,000
between what lucid dreaming 
feels like and what it looks 

2631
02:39:03,000 --> 02:39:04,700
like on the monitoring 
equipment. 

2632
02:39:05,500 --> 02:39:08,500
And you'll take the technique's 
home with, you can continue to 

2633
02:39:08,500 --> 02:39:11,900
practice lucid dreaming in your 
normal life, free from 

2634
02:39:11,900 --> 02:39:15,400
electrodes and laboratory trees.
The researchers given you 

2635
02:39:15,408 --> 02:39:17,900
confidence that this isn't 
wishful thinking or 

2636
02:39:17,900 --> 02:39:21,900
self-deception but a real 
verifiable State of 

2637
02:39:21,908 --> 02:39:24,800
Consciousness that can be 
cultivated and explored. 

2638
02:39:25,700 --> 02:39:28,700
Every night becomes an 
opportunity for investigation 

2639
02:39:28,700 --> 02:39:31,800
for experiencing Consciousness 
in an altered mode. 

2640
02:39:31,800 --> 02:39:35,300
And for learning, something new 
about how awareness works when 

2641
02:39:35,300 --> 02:39:37,200
freed from its usual 
constraints. 

2642
02:39:38,000 --> 02:39:41,200
You're a modern person living in
a time when lucid dreaming as 

2643
02:39:41,200 --> 02:39:44,500
moved from mysticism to 
mainstream from forbidden 

2644
02:39:44,500 --> 02:39:47,300
knowledge to Reddit threads and 
YouTube tutorials. 

2645
02:39:47,300 --> 02:39:51,400
The information is freely 
available techniques that monks 

2646
02:39:51,400 --> 02:39:54,200
want guarded as a advanced 
meditation practices and now 

2647
02:39:54,200 --> 02:39:56,200
explained in blog posts with 
title's. 

2648
02:39:56,200 --> 02:39:59,800
Like five, easy steps to your 
first lucid dream. 

2649
02:40:01,200 --> 02:40:05,000
The democratization is wonderful
and slightly overwhelming, and 

2650
02:40:05,000 --> 02:40:07,200
you've decided you want to learn
this skill for yourself. 

2651
02:40:08,100 --> 02:40:10,600
Your motivations are personal 
and ordinary rather than 

2652
02:40:10,600 --> 02:40:14,100
mystical or scientific you're 
not seeking spiritual 

2653
02:40:14,100 --> 02:40:16,400
enlightenment, or trying to 
prove theories about 

2654
02:40:16,400 --> 02:40:19,000
Consciousness. 
You're simply curious about the 

2655
02:40:19,000 --> 02:40:22,800
experience itself about what it 
might reveal about your own 

2656
02:40:22,800 --> 02:40:26,300
mind, and about the possibility 
of exploring these, nightly 

2657
02:40:26,300 --> 02:40:30,300
Landscapes, with full awareness 
rather than passive confusion. 

2658
02:40:31,500 --> 02:40:34,700
You start with the basics, the 
same advice that gets repeated 

2659
02:40:34,700 --> 02:40:38,700
across dozens of sources because
it actually works keep a dream 

2660
02:40:38,700 --> 02:40:41,700
journal you buy a notebook. 
Specifically for this purpose, 

2661
02:40:41,700 --> 02:40:45,600
keep it on your nightstand, next
to a pen and commit to writing 

2662
02:40:45,600 --> 02:40:48,200
in it every single morning 
before doing anything else. 

2663
02:40:49,000 --> 02:40:51,500
Before checking your phone 
before, getting out of bed, 

2664
02:40:51,500 --> 02:40:54,300
before your mind, fully engages 
with the day. 

2665
02:40:54,300 --> 02:40:56,500
You spend a few minutes 
recording. 

2666
02:40:56,500 --> 02:40:59,900
Whatever you remember from the 
night, At first, there's almost 

2667
02:40:59,900 --> 02:41:01,300
nothing. 
Dream. 

2668
02:41:01,300 --> 02:41:04,600
Something about water is a 
typical entry for the first 

2669
02:41:04,600 --> 02:41:06,900
week. 
Felt anxious about something. 

2670
02:41:06,900 --> 02:41:11,200
Can't remember what? 
Fragments of conversational with

2671
02:41:11,200 --> 02:41:13,800
someone. 
I didn't recognize the gaps of 

2672
02:41:13,800 --> 02:41:16,600
frustrating, you know, you must 
have dreamed. 

2673
02:41:16,600 --> 02:41:21,200
Everyone dreams multiple times 
each night, but the memory slip 

2674
02:41:21,200 --> 02:41:24,500
away like smoke leaving, only 
the faintest traces. 

2675
02:41:24,500 --> 02:41:28,600
But you persist and gradually 
something interesting happens, 

2676
02:41:28,600 --> 02:41:32,700
the habit of paying attention of
telling yourself that dreams 

2677
02:41:32,700 --> 02:41:36,100
matter, enough to record seems 
to strengthen the bridge between

2678
02:41:36,100 --> 02:41:40,100
sleeping and waking memory. 
After two weeks, your writing 

2679
02:41:40,100 --> 02:41:43,500
full sentence is after a month, 
you're feeling half a page. 

2680
02:41:43,500 --> 02:41:47,600
Most morning, sometimes more The
dreams aren't necessarily more 

2681
02:41:47,600 --> 02:41:49,600
Vivid. 
They're just more accessible 

2682
02:41:49,600 --> 02:41:53,700
easier to remember and their 
details more stable in memory 

2683
02:41:54,300 --> 02:41:58,800
You start noticing patterns, you
have recurring dream signs 

2684
02:41:58,800 --> 02:42:03,100
things that happen in dreams but
never in Waking Life. your 

2685
02:42:03,100 --> 02:42:05,600
frequently back in your 
childhood home, even though you 

2686
02:42:05,600 --> 02:42:10,100
haven't lived there in years, 
You often can't find your car in

2687
02:42:10,100 --> 02:42:11,900
parking. 
Lots or you discover, you can 

2688
02:42:11,900 --> 02:42:15,300
breathe underwater or you're 
trying to read but the text 

2689
02:42:15,300 --> 02:42:19,700
keeps changing These repeated 
elements of valuable because 

2690
02:42:19,700 --> 02:42:23,300
they can become triggers for 
Lucidity dream signs. 

2691
02:42:23,300 --> 02:42:25,300
That might help you recognize 
when your dreaming. 

2692
02:42:26,300 --> 02:42:28,800
Next, you add reality. 
Testing to your practice. 

2693
02:42:28,800 --> 02:42:32,100
This technique feels deeply 
silly, at first, asking 

2694
02:42:32,100 --> 02:42:35,200
yourself. 
Am I Dreaming while you're 

2695
02:42:35,200 --> 02:42:39,600
obviously undeniably awake? 
You'll sit at your desk or 

2696
02:42:39,600 --> 02:42:43,000
drinking coffee or standing in 
line at the grocery store or 

2697
02:42:43,000 --> 02:42:46,400
walking your dog in the park. 
Of course you're not dreaming, 

2698
02:42:46,400 --> 02:42:50,000
everything is completely normal 
and consistent. 

2699
02:42:50,000 --> 02:42:53,700
And clearly real. 
But you do the test anyway, 

2700
02:42:53,700 --> 02:42:55,800
building. 
The Habit that might eventually 

2701
02:42:55,800 --> 02:42:59,500
carry over into sleep. 
You check your hands looking for

2702
02:42:59,500 --> 02:43:03,300
the kind of anomalies people 
report in dreams wrong numbers 

2703
02:43:03,300 --> 02:43:06,900
of fingers, stranger appearance 
shifting form. 

2704
02:43:07,800 --> 02:43:11,700
You try to read text twice, 
looking at a sign or label 

2705
02:43:11,700 --> 02:43:14,500
looking away and looking back to
confirm. 

2706
02:43:14,500 --> 02:43:17,500
It hasn't changed. 
You attempt to remember how you 

2707
02:43:17,500 --> 02:43:20,600
got to where you are checking, 
whether your memory of the past 

2708
02:43:20,600 --> 02:43:24,100
few minutes is clear and logical
or vague and discontinuous. 

2709
02:43:24,900 --> 02:43:28,000
You set alarms on your phone to 
remind you to reality tests 

2710
02:43:28,000 --> 02:43:31,100
throughout the day? 
first, you need these reminders,

2711
02:43:31,100 --> 02:43:35,200
but gradually the questioning 
becomes more automatic You find 

2712
02:43:35,200 --> 02:43:39,100
yourself spontaneously checking 
reality during transitions, when

2713
02:43:39,100 --> 02:43:42,800
you enter a new room when you 
start a new activity or whenever

2714
02:43:42,800 --> 02:43:44,900
something slightly unexpected 
happens. 

2715
02:43:46,400 --> 02:43:50,600
The Habit is forming embedding 
itself into your daily awareness

2716
02:43:50,600 --> 02:43:53,700
patterns. 
The technique that finally works

2717
02:43:53,700 --> 02:43:57,600
for you is called Mi mnemonic 
induction of lucid dreams. 

2718
02:43:57,600 --> 02:44:00,600
It was developed by Stephen 
Laberge. 

2719
02:44:00,600 --> 02:44:03,500
The same researcher who 
conducted the eye movement 

2720
02:44:03,500 --> 02:44:07,800
experiments and it's elegantly. 
Simple in concept, though, it 

2721
02:44:07,800 --> 02:44:11,900
requires practice to execute 
well, As your falling asleep at 

2722
02:44:11,900 --> 02:44:16,000
night, you repeat a simple 
phrase to yourself the next time

2723
02:44:16,000 --> 02:44:18,700
I'm Dreaming. 
I'll remember I'm dreaming. 

2724
02:44:19,600 --> 02:44:22,000
You Don't Force It Or 
concentrate hard. 

2725
02:44:22,000 --> 02:44:25,700
That would keep you awake. 
You just let it cycle. 

2726
02:44:25,700 --> 02:44:29,600
Gently through your mind. 
A quiet, intention your planting

2727
02:44:29,600 --> 02:44:32,300
in your Consciousness as it 
transitions towards sleep. 

2728
02:44:33,300 --> 02:44:37,200
sometimes you visualize 
recognizing a dream, Imagining 

2729
02:44:37,200 --> 02:44:40,500
the moment of awareness, though,
you keep this light and relaxed 

2730
02:44:40,500 --> 02:44:44,700
rather than intense The first 
two weeks of practicing mild 

2731
02:44:44,700 --> 02:44:48,100
produced nothing obvious though.
You do notice your dream recall 

2732
02:44:48,100 --> 02:44:51,500
continuing to improve in your 
dreams, becoming slightly more 

2733
02:44:51,500 --> 02:44:54,200
Vivid. 
Third week, you have a dream 

2734
02:44:54,200 --> 02:44:57,200
where you briefly wander, if you
might be dreaming though, you 

2735
02:44:57,200 --> 02:44:59,900
decide you're not and continue 
with the dream narrative. 

2736
02:45:00,600 --> 02:45:04,500
It's progress, even though it 
doesn't result in full Lucidity.

2737
02:45:04,500 --> 02:45:08,400
At least the question arose. 
And at least some part of your 

2738
02:45:08,400 --> 02:45:10,700
sleeping mind was paying 
attention to the possibility. 

2739
02:45:11,800 --> 02:45:16,000
And then on the 23rd night of 
practice, it happens, your 

2740
02:45:16,000 --> 02:45:18,700
dreaming that your back in your 
childhood home which should be 

2741
02:45:18,700 --> 02:45:21,400
an immediate dream sign since, 
you know, you don't live there 

2742
02:45:21,400 --> 02:45:24,600
anymore, you're in the kitchen. 
And the layout is wrong. 

2743
02:45:24,600 --> 02:45:27,700
The refrigerator is on the 
opposite wall from where it 

2744
02:45:27,700 --> 02:45:30,800
should be, and there's a door 
that leads directly outside when

2745
02:45:30,800 --> 02:45:34,700
there should be a hallway. 
These inconsistencies don't 

2746
02:45:34,700 --> 02:45:38,100
immediately register a 
significant protected by that 

2747
02:45:38,100 --> 02:45:41,000
fog of dream logic. 
That makes impossibilities seem 

2748
02:45:41,000 --> 02:45:43,700
reasonable. 
But then you notice your hands 

2749
02:45:43,700 --> 02:45:46,500
as you're reaching for something
and they look strange. 

2750
02:45:47,400 --> 02:45:50,900
Slightly transparent maybe or is
it that they're flickering 

2751
02:45:50,900 --> 02:45:53,700
slightly unstable in a way hand 
shouldn't be. 

2752
02:45:54,600 --> 02:45:56,600
The strangeness triggers. 
The question. 

2753
02:45:56,600 --> 02:45:58,300
You've been training yourself to
ask. 

2754
02:45:58,300 --> 02:46:01,900
Am I Dreaming? 
You look at your hands more 

2755
02:46:01,900 --> 02:46:04,600
carefully. 
The fingers are too long or 

2756
02:46:04,600 --> 02:46:07,900
maybe your palms are too narrow.
The proportions are somehow 

2757
02:46:07,900 --> 02:46:09,800
wrong in ways. 
You can't quite articulate. 

2758
02:46:10,800 --> 02:46:13,900
You try counting your fingers 
and the number keeps shifting 

2759
02:46:13,900 --> 02:46:19,500
five six, four, seven five, 
again. 

2760
02:46:20,500 --> 02:46:24,100
Each time you try to focus on a 
specific finger, it seems to 

2761
02:46:24,108 --> 02:46:27,700
split or merge or simply refuse 
to be counted consistently. 

2762
02:46:28,800 --> 02:46:32,300
The recognition arrives with 
remarkable gentleness without 

2763
02:46:32,300 --> 02:46:34,100
the shock or surprise you 
expected. 

2764
02:46:34,100 --> 02:46:41,200
Oh, Dreaming. it feels natural 
obviously even like remembering 

2765
02:46:41,200 --> 02:46:43,500
something, you temporarily 
forgot and rather than 

2766
02:46:43,500 --> 02:46:47,500
discovering something new The 
childhood kitchen remains around

2767
02:46:47,500 --> 02:46:50,000
you perfectly solid and 
detailed. 

2768
02:46:50,000 --> 02:46:54,100
The wrongly placed refrigerator 
is still there, The Impossible 

2769
02:46:54,100 --> 02:46:57,300
door is still there, but your 
relationship to all of it has 

2770
02:46:57,300 --> 02:47:00,608
shifted, you understand? 
Now that you're lying in your 

2771
02:47:00,616 --> 02:47:05,800
actual bed, in your actual 
apartment, safely asleep, This 

2772
02:47:05,800 --> 02:47:10,300
kitchen exists only in your 
mind, constructed from memories 

2773
02:47:10,300 --> 02:47:13,900
and Imagination having no 
physical reality anywhere. 

2774
02:47:14,700 --> 02:47:16,700
You've read enough to know not 
to get too excited. 

2775
02:47:16,700 --> 02:47:21,200
Not to let strong emotions 
destabilize the dream you stay 

2776
02:47:21,200 --> 02:47:24,800
calm, maintaining that gentle 
awareness simply observing. 

2777
02:47:24,800 --> 02:47:26,900
This state. 
You've worked so hard to achieve

2778
02:47:26,900 --> 02:47:31,000
the dream remains stable around.
You, you can feel both your 

2779
02:47:31,000 --> 02:47:34,700
dream body standing in the 
kitchen and distantly your 

2780
02:47:34,700 --> 02:47:38,700
actual body in bed. 
The jewel awareness is strange 

2781
02:47:38,700 --> 02:47:41,600
and fascinating. 
Like, being in two places 

2782
02:47:41,600 --> 02:47:44,900
simultaneously. 
You try the simplest form of 

2783
02:47:44,900 --> 02:47:50,300
dream control, you've read about
changing something small You 

2784
02:47:50,300 --> 02:47:55,200
look at the refrigerator white 
standard, nothing special and 

2785
02:47:55,200 --> 02:48:00,100
decide it should be red bright, 
fire engine, red, you look away 

2786
02:48:00,100 --> 02:48:02,400
toward the window holding that 
intentional lightly. 

2787
02:48:02,400 --> 02:48:03,700
Then look back at the 
refrigerator. 

2788
02:48:03,700 --> 02:48:07,300
It's changed, not quite the 
brilliant red. 

2789
02:48:07,300 --> 02:48:12,600
You visualized more of a brick 
red darker and less Vivid But 

2790
02:48:12,600 --> 02:48:14,400
it's definitely red instead of 
white. 

2791
02:48:15,200 --> 02:48:18,200
This small success fills you 
with quiet satisfaction. 

2792
02:48:18,200 --> 02:48:22,000
You've influenced the dream 
through simple intention. 

2793
02:48:22,700 --> 02:48:25,500
You're not just observing this 
altered state of consciousness 

2794
02:48:25,500 --> 02:48:31,200
your participating in it shaping
it albeit in modest ways. 

2795
02:48:31,900 --> 02:48:34,900
You spend the rest of the dream,
maybe two or three minutes 

2796
02:48:34,900 --> 02:48:36,700
though. 
Time is hard to judge and dreams

2797
02:48:36,700 --> 02:48:39,900
simply exploring. 
You walk through the house 

2798
02:48:39,900 --> 02:48:42,500
noting. 
How it's simultaneously familiar

2799
02:48:42,500 --> 02:48:46,200
and strange how you're sleeping 
mind has reconstructed it in 

2800
02:48:46,200 --> 02:48:49,500
perfectly mixing memories from 
different time periods. 

2801
02:48:49,500 --> 02:48:53,800
Adding elements that never 
existed in creating a composite 

2802
02:48:53,800 --> 02:48:55,900
version rather than a 
reproduction. 

2803
02:48:57,300 --> 02:48:59,900
When you try to leave through 
the impossible door, you find 

2804
02:48:59,900 --> 02:49:02,500
yourself in a garden that 
existed at a completely 

2805
02:49:02,500 --> 02:49:04,100
different house from your 
childhood. 

2806
02:49:05,200 --> 02:49:09,000
Dream geography, follows its own
rules Unbound by physical 

2807
02:49:09,000 --> 02:49:11,700
reality. 
You accept this without 

2808
02:49:11,700 --> 02:49:15,100
confusion or concern? 
Simply noting it as an 

2809
02:49:15,100 --> 02:49:17,200
interesting feature of how 
dreams work. 

2810
02:49:18,000 --> 02:49:21,400
The Lucidity ends when you make 
the mistake of thinking too hard

2811
02:49:21,400 --> 02:49:23,600
about it. 
Wondering how long you've been 

2812
02:49:23,608 --> 02:49:27,600
Lucid trying to estimate if your
breaking any personal records? 

2813
02:49:28,400 --> 02:49:31,400
The analytical thinking disrupts
the delicate balance of 

2814
02:49:31,400 --> 02:49:34,100
awareness. 
You slip back into ordinary 

2815
02:49:34,100 --> 02:49:37,100
dreaming. 
The clarity dissolving like fog 

2816
02:49:37,100 --> 02:49:40,300
in sunlight. 
When you wake the next morning, 

2817
02:49:40,300 --> 02:49:42,300
you immediately reach for your 
dream journal. 

2818
02:49:42,300 --> 02:49:47,300
Capturing every detail while the
memory is still fresh, you 

2819
02:49:47,300 --> 02:49:50,700
remember the kitchen? 
The strange hands and the moment

2820
02:49:50,700 --> 02:49:54,000
of recognition. 
You remember changing the 

2821
02:49:54,000 --> 02:49:57,800
refrigerators color walking 
through the house and finding 

2822
02:49:57,800 --> 02:50:00,000
the garden from a different 
childhood home. 

2823
02:50:00,900 --> 02:50:04,800
Most importantly, you remember 
what it felt like that dual 

2824
02:50:04,800 --> 02:50:09,000
awareness that sense of being 
simultaneously asleep and awake 

2825
02:50:09,000 --> 02:50:13,900
dreaming and observing dreams. 
Over the following weeks, you 

2826
02:50:13,900 --> 02:50:17,600
have more lucid dreams, not 
every night, not even most 

2827
02:50:17,600 --> 02:50:20,900
nights but with increasing 
frequency, as you can, continue 

2828
02:50:20,900 --> 02:50:24,400
your practice, each one, teaches
you, something about how this 

2829
02:50:24,400 --> 02:50:28,200
state Works about your own 
Consciousness and about how it 

2830
02:50:28,200 --> 02:50:29,600
operates under altered 
conditions. 

2831
02:50:29,600 --> 02:50:33,000
You learn that strong emotions. 
Tend to wake you up. 

2832
02:50:33,000 --> 02:50:36,700
So you practice staying calm 
regardless of what happened in 

2833
02:50:36,700 --> 02:50:39,200
the dream. 
You learn that logical thinking 

2834
02:50:39,200 --> 02:50:42,600
can end the Lucidity. 
So you stay present and 

2835
02:50:42,600 --> 02:50:46,300
observational rather than 
analytical You learn that the 

2836
02:50:46,308 --> 02:50:50,000
dream responds to expectation. 
If you expect something to be 

2837
02:50:50,008 --> 02:50:54,200
difficult to usually is, but if 
you approach dream control with 

2838
02:50:54,200 --> 02:50:57,600
easy confidence, Changes happen,
more smoothly. 

2839
02:50:58,800 --> 02:51:02,100
You discover personal variations
in how the techniques work for 

2840
02:51:02,100 --> 02:51:06,000
you looking away and back with 
intention works well for small 

2841
02:51:06,000 --> 02:51:10,000
changes, but not large ones. 
Spinning in the dream, seems to 

2842
02:51:10,000 --> 02:51:12,900
reset things. 
Sometimes, deepening the 

2843
02:51:12,900 --> 02:51:16,600
lucidity Sometimes providing 
scene changes. 

2844
02:51:16,600 --> 02:51:20,200
Rubbing your dream hands 
together helps stabilize the 

2845
02:51:20,200 --> 02:51:24,400
dream when it starting to fade. 
These your own discoveries 

2846
02:51:24,400 --> 02:51:28,400
techniques that work for your 
particular mind even though they

2847
02:51:28,400 --> 02:51:30,000
might not work the same way for 
others. 

2848
02:51:30,800 --> 02:51:32,300
Most importantly, you learn 
that. 

2849
02:51:32,300 --> 02:51:34,900
Lucid dreaming isn't really 
about control in the way you 

2850
02:51:34,900 --> 02:51:37,700
initially imagine. 
And it's not about treating 

2851
02:51:37,700 --> 02:51:41,400
dreams as virtual reality 
playgrounds, where you can do 

2852
02:51:41,400 --> 02:51:45,200
whatever you want without 
consequences, The most profound 

2853
02:51:45,200 --> 02:51:48,800
experience is come not from 
manipulating the Dream from 

2854
02:51:48,800 --> 02:51:52,600
Simply being present in it. 
Fully conscious in this altered 

2855
02:51:52,600 --> 02:51:57,200
state, observing how your mind 
creates entire worlds from 

2856
02:51:57,200 --> 02:52:02,200
memory and Imagination. 
You start using lucid dreams for

2857
02:52:02,200 --> 02:52:06,600
purposes Beyond just having 
interesting experiences. when 

2858
02:52:06,600 --> 02:52:09,000
you're worried about a difficult
conversation, you need to have 

2859
02:52:09,000 --> 02:52:12,400
you, rehearse it in a lucid 
dream, trying different 

2860
02:52:12,400 --> 02:52:16,700
approaches, practicing, staying 
calm When you're stuck on a 

2861
02:52:16,708 --> 02:52:20,800
creative project, you bring the 
problem into a lucid dream and 

2862
02:52:20,800 --> 02:52:24,800
let your sleeping mind approach 
it from unusual angles Making 

2863
02:52:24,800 --> 02:52:26,800
Connections. 
You wouldn't think of while 

2864
02:52:26,800 --> 02:52:30,500
awake you use, lucid dreams to 
face fears and safe. 

2865
02:52:30,500 --> 02:52:33,300
Environments, your anxious about
public speaking. 

2866
02:52:33,300 --> 02:52:36,700
So in dreams, you practice 
giving presentations to dream 

2867
02:52:36,700 --> 02:52:39,100
audience's learning to stay 
calm. 

2868
02:52:39,100 --> 02:52:42,400
When the old Panic starts to 
rise, the practice doesn't 

2869
02:52:42,400 --> 02:52:46,300
eliminate the waking anxiety but
it helps giving you a space to 

2870
02:52:46,300 --> 02:52:48,400
work with the fear when the 
stakes aren't real. 

2871
02:52:49,200 --> 02:52:52,100
And sometimes you use lucid 
dreams for Pure exploration and 

2872
02:52:52,100 --> 02:52:54,600
wonder. 
Flying through impossible, 

2873
02:52:54,600 --> 02:52:58,800
Landscapes visiting places. 
You've never been and experience

2874
02:52:58,800 --> 02:53:01,200
in Sensations. 
That have no waking equivalent. 

2875
02:53:02,000 --> 02:53:06,000
You swim through the air like 
water walk on clouds that 

2876
02:53:06,000 --> 02:53:10,200
support your weight and visit 
Mars or Ancient Rome or entirely

2877
02:53:10,200 --> 02:53:14,300
imaginary locations, constructed
from your minds own creativity. 

2878
02:53:15,700 --> 02:53:18,800
But always underneath the 
specific content, there's that 

2879
02:53:18,800 --> 02:53:21,200
fundamental fascination with the
state itself. 

2880
02:53:21,200 --> 02:53:25,500
The fact that you can be aware 
while asleep, the strange 

2881
02:53:25,500 --> 02:53:28,700
divided Consciousness, where 
your simultaneously dreaming and

2882
02:53:28,700 --> 02:53:32,300
knowing your dreaming The way 
this reveals something essential

2883
02:53:32,300 --> 02:53:35,000
about the flexibility and 
layered nature of awareness 

2884
02:53:35,000 --> 02:53:39,500
about how Consciousness isn't a 
simple binary but a spectrum of 

2885
02:53:39,500 --> 02:53:41,400
different states and 
configurations. 

2886
02:53:42,200 --> 02:53:44,700
You're not a monk or a 
philosopher or a scientist, 

2887
02:53:44,700 --> 02:53:47,900
you're just a person who's 
learned to pay attention to an 

2888
02:53:47,900 --> 02:53:51,100
aspect of experience that most 
people ignore or dismiss. 

2889
02:53:52,000 --> 02:53:54,500
But in doing. 
So you've discovered a whole 

2890
02:53:54,508 --> 02:53:58,100
domain of Consciousness to 
explore a laboratory. 

2891
02:53:58,100 --> 02:54:01,000
Within your own mind where you 
can investigate awareness, 

2892
02:54:01,000 --> 02:54:05,500
memory perception and the nature
of self through direct 

2893
02:54:05,500 --> 02:54:09,400
experience. 
Your bed tonight in whatever 

2894
02:54:09,400 --> 02:54:12,600
city or town, you call home, and
your connected to something, 

2895
02:54:12,600 --> 02:54:16,300
ancient and strange that reaches
back, tens of thousands of 

2896
02:54:16,300 --> 02:54:19,500
years. 
As you drift towards sleep, your

2897
02:54:19,500 --> 02:54:22,100
participating in a quiet 
revolution in human 

2898
02:54:22,100 --> 02:54:25,500
understanding. 
The gradual discovery of how to 

2899
02:54:25,500 --> 02:54:29,400
maintain Consciousness through 
the transition into dreams, how 

2900
02:54:29,400 --> 02:54:33,400
to become aware within sleep and
how to explore the landscape, 

2901
02:54:33,400 --> 02:54:37,700
your mind create every night. 
the story of how humans learned 

2902
02:54:37,700 --> 02:54:41,200
to control their dreams is 
really the story of how humans 

2903
02:54:41,200 --> 02:54:44,400
learned to understand 
Consciousness itself, its 

2904
02:54:44,400 --> 02:54:49,600
flexibility its layers and its 
capacity for awareness, even in 

2905
02:54:49,600 --> 02:54:53,400
radically Altered States, From 
those first cave dwellers, who 

2906
02:54:53,400 --> 02:54:57,200
saw no firm boundary between 
sleeping and waking who ran with

2907
02:54:57,200 --> 02:55:00,600
painted animals through 
impossible, grasslands through 

2908
02:55:00,600 --> 02:55:04,000
centuries of Egyptian, sleep 
temples and Greek, philosophers 

2909
02:55:04,000 --> 02:55:06,900
recording their Visions. 
Through Tibetan Monks, 

2910
02:55:06,900 --> 02:55:10,200
practicing recognition and 
medieval Mystics experiencing 

2911
02:55:10,200 --> 02:55:13,400
spontaneous lucidity Through 
Enlightenment. 

2912
02:55:13,400 --> 02:55:16,500
Scientists systematically 
observing their own sleeping 

2913
02:55:16,500 --> 02:55:20,100
minds and modern researchers, 
finally, proving the Phenomenon 

2914
02:55:20,100 --> 02:55:23,700
with objective measurements. 
People have been fascinated by 

2915
02:55:23,700 --> 02:55:26,000
this nightly transformation. 
We all undergo. 

2916
02:55:27,200 --> 02:55:30,500
A technique of being refined and
systematized over this vast 

2917
02:55:30,500 --> 02:55:33,800
sweep of time. 
Ancient Egyptians discovered 

2918
02:55:33,800 --> 02:55:37,600
that environment and intention 
could influence dreams though. 

2919
02:55:37,600 --> 02:55:41,500
They interpreted this through 
theological Frameworks, Tibetan 

2920
02:55:41,500 --> 02:55:44,500
Monks developed sophisticated 
practices for maintaining 

2921
02:55:44,500 --> 02:55:48,400
awareness, during sleep, 
understanding lucid dreaming as 

2922
02:55:48,400 --> 02:55:51,700
preparation for death. 
And as a demonstration, that all

2923
02:55:51,700 --> 02:55:54,600
experience is fundamentally mine
created. 

2924
02:55:55,400 --> 02:55:58,100
Greek and later European 
philosophers recognized that 

2925
02:55:58,100 --> 02:56:00,600
paying attention to dreams, 
change the dreams themselves 

2926
02:56:00,600 --> 02:56:03,600
that the act of observation 
influence. 

2927
02:56:03,600 --> 02:56:06,800
What was observed? 
Modern sleep science is 

2928
02:56:06,800 --> 02:56:11,200
demystified lucid dreaming while
also confirming its reality. we 

2929
02:56:11,200 --> 02:56:15,000
know now that it occurs 
primarily during REM sleep, when

2930
02:56:15,000 --> 02:56:17,900
brain activity is similar to 
waking, but the body is 

2931
02:56:17,900 --> 02:56:21,600
paralyzed We know that certain 
brain regions associated with 

2932
02:56:21,600 --> 02:56:24,800
self-awareness and working 
memory, become more active 

2933
02:56:24,800 --> 02:56:27,400
during lucid dreams than during 
ordinary dreams. 

2934
02:56:27,400 --> 02:56:31,400
We know that it can be trained. 
Systematically that certain 

2935
02:56:31,408 --> 02:56:35,700
techniques reliably increase the
frequency of lucid dreams and 

2936
02:56:35,700 --> 02:56:37,400
that individual differences 
exist. 

2937
02:56:37,400 --> 02:56:39,700
But most people can learn to 
some degree. 

2938
02:56:39,700 --> 02:56:44,100
But beneath all the scientific 
understanding the Fundamental 

2939
02:56:44,100 --> 02:56:46,800
experience remains, what its 
always been. 

2940
02:56:47,900 --> 02:56:50,400
That moment of recognition 
within a dream. 

2941
02:56:51,100 --> 02:56:54,800
That strange dual awareness of 
being a sleep and knowing it. 

2942
02:56:55,500 --> 02:56:58,800
That sense of Consciousness 
operating in an altered mode 

2943
02:56:58,800 --> 02:57:00,400
where the usual rules don't 
apply. 

2944
02:57:01,400 --> 02:57:03,700
What's changed dramatically as 
accessibility? 

2945
02:57:04,700 --> 02:57:07,900
For most of human history. 
Lucid dreaming was either 

2946
02:57:07,900 --> 02:57:11,200
accidentally or required 
dedication to specialize 

2947
02:57:11,200 --> 02:57:16,000
practices months in monasteries 
apprenticeship to experienced 

2948
02:57:16,000 --> 02:57:19,300
teachers, and elaborate rituals 
and preparations. 

2949
02:57:20,400 --> 02:57:24,400
The knowledge was limited often 
kept secret and sometimes 

2950
02:57:24,400 --> 02:57:26,300
considered dangerous or 
heretical. 

2951
02:57:27,200 --> 02:57:29,800
Only a relative handful of 
people ever learn these 

2952
02:57:29,800 --> 02:57:34,200
techniques or even knew they 
existed. now, the information is

2953
02:57:34,200 --> 02:57:37,900
available to anyone with 
internet access a techniques 

2954
02:57:37,900 --> 02:57:41,700
that Tibetan Monks once guarded 
as advanced meditation practices

2955
02:57:41,700 --> 02:57:46,700
can be learned from websites and
YouTube videos, The systemic 

2956
02:57:46,700 --> 02:57:49,100
approaches that early scientists
developed through. 

2957
02:57:49,100 --> 02:57:53,300
Painstaking self-observation 
have been refined and simplified

2958
02:57:53,300 --> 02:57:56,600
into methods that work for most 
people willing to put in the 

2959
02:57:56,600 --> 02:57:59,900
effort. 
The barrier to entry has dropped

2960
02:57:59,900 --> 02:58:04,100
from years of dedicated practice
under expert guidance to a few 

2961
02:58:04,108 --> 02:58:08,100
weeks of consistent effort. 
Following clear instructions You

2962
02:58:08,100 --> 02:58:10,600
don't need to be spiritually 
gifted or intellectually 

2963
02:58:10,600 --> 02:58:13,200
exceptional. 
You don't need expensive 

2964
02:58:13,200 --> 02:58:15,000
equipment or professional 
guidance. 

2965
02:58:15,000 --> 02:58:19,700
You just need patience 
consistently and genuine 

2966
02:58:19,700 --> 02:58:21,500
curiosity about your own 
consciousness. 

2967
02:58:22,700 --> 02:58:25,100
Keep a dream journal writing 
down, whatever. 

2968
02:58:25,100 --> 02:58:27,300
You remember. 
Every morning training, your 

2969
02:58:27,308 --> 02:58:30,500
mind to maintain that bridge 
between sleeping and waking 

2970
02:58:30,500 --> 02:58:33,800
memory. 
Test reality during the day 

2971
02:58:33,800 --> 02:58:36,700
building, the habit of 
questioning, your State of 

2972
02:58:36,708 --> 02:58:39,700
Consciousness, creating a 
pattern that will eventually 

2973
02:58:39,700 --> 02:58:44,200
carry over into dreams. 
Set gentle intentions as you 

2974
02:58:44,200 --> 02:58:48,700
fall asleep, not forcing or 
straining, but simply planting 

2975
02:58:48,700 --> 02:58:52,600
the seed of awareness in your 
mind as it transitions towards 

2976
02:58:52,600 --> 02:58:55,500
sleep. 
Notice the moments between 

2977
02:58:55,500 --> 02:58:59,200
waking and sleeping paying 
attention to what Consciousness 

2978
02:58:59,200 --> 02:59:01,400
feels like during that liminal 
transition. 

2979
02:59:02,500 --> 02:59:06,100
The results vary considerably 
between individuals and this 

2980
02:59:06,100 --> 02:59:08,700
variation is normal and 
perfectly fine. 

2981
02:59:09,700 --> 02:59:12,700
Some people have their first 
lucid dream within days of 

2982
02:59:12,700 --> 02:59:16,300
starting practice. 
The recognition comes easily 

2983
02:59:16,300 --> 02:59:20,300
almost naturally as if they'd 
always have the capacity but 

2984
02:59:20,300 --> 02:59:22,300
simply needed permission to 
notice it. 

2985
02:59:23,200 --> 02:59:26,400
Others, practice diligently for 
months before achieving 

2986
02:59:26,400 --> 02:59:29,500
clearance. 
Some find that lucid dreams 

2987
02:59:29,500 --> 02:59:31,400
happen, spontaneously and 
frequently. 

2988
02:59:31,400 --> 02:59:34,900
Once they start paying attention
to their dream life, Others have

2989
02:59:34,900 --> 02:59:38,400
occasional Lucid moments but 
never develop reliable control 

2990
02:59:38,400 --> 02:59:41,500
or sustained awareness. 
These differences, don't 

2991
02:59:41,500 --> 02:59:43,500
indicate failure or lack of 
ability. 

2992
02:59:44,500 --> 02:59:46,700
They reflect the natural 
variation in human 

2993
02:59:46,700 --> 02:59:49,500
consciousness. 
The fact that people's minds 

2994
02:59:49,500 --> 02:59:52,800
work differently respond to 
different techniques and have 

2995
02:59:52,800 --> 02:59:56,100
different Baseline Tendencies 
towards self-reflection during 

2996
02:59:56,100 --> 02:59:58,900
sleep. 
The goal isn't to become some 

2997
02:59:58,900 --> 03:00:02,800
kind of lucid dreaming expert 
logging hundreds of controlled 

2998
03:00:02,800 --> 03:00:05,000
dreams and mastering Advanced 
Techniques. 

2999
03:00:05,800 --> 03:00:10,000
The goal is simply to explore 
this aspect of Consciousness to 

3000
03:00:10,000 --> 03:00:11,700
learn what your particular mind 
does. 

3001
03:00:11,700 --> 03:00:15,100
While you sleep and to discover 
what is possible for you 

3002
03:00:15,100 --> 03:00:19,600
specifically. 
Tonight, as you approach sleep, 

3003
03:00:19,600 --> 03:00:21,500
you might hold a gentle question
in mind. 

3004
03:00:21,500 --> 03:00:26,700
What will I dream about or 
perhaps will I recognize when I 

3005
03:00:26,700 --> 03:00:29,800
am dreaming? 
The specific question matters, 

3006
03:00:29,800 --> 03:00:32,300
less than the attitude of 
curious attention. 

3007
03:00:32,300 --> 03:00:34,900
It represents you're not 
demanding anything. 

3008
03:00:34,900 --> 03:00:38,800
From your sleeping mind, not 
forcing awareness or control, 

3009
03:00:38,800 --> 03:00:42,700
you'll simply leaving the door, 
open creating space for 

3010
03:00:42,700 --> 03:00:45,200
recognition to arise naturally, 
if it will. 

3011
03:00:46,200 --> 03:00:49,500
The question floats in your mind
as your breathing slows and 

3012
03:00:49,500 --> 03:00:53,900
deepens as your body releases, 
the tensions of the day, and as 

3013
03:00:53,900 --> 03:00:56,100
your thoughts begin to fragment 
and drift. 

3014
03:00:57,100 --> 03:01:00,600
Somewhere in that transition 
Consciousness shifts into a 

3015
03:01:00,600 --> 03:01:03,200
different mode. 
Your brain begins generating, 

3016
03:01:03,200 --> 03:01:07,400
the vivid imagery and narrative.
That we call dreams constructing

3017
03:01:07,400 --> 03:01:12,100
entire worlds from memories and 
Imagination creating experiences

3018
03:01:12,100 --> 03:01:16,300
that feel completely real even 
though their entirely mental 

3019
03:01:16,300 --> 03:01:19,700
constructions. 
Usually you'd experience these 

3020
03:01:19,700 --> 03:01:23,300
dreams without recognizing them 
for what they are immersed, in 

3021
03:01:23,308 --> 03:01:26,500
the narrative accepting 
impossibilities As Natural 

3022
03:01:26,500 --> 03:01:30,300
feeling emotions and making 
decisions within the dream 

3023
03:01:30,300 --> 03:01:31,800
logic. 
That seems reasonable at the 

3024
03:01:31,800 --> 03:01:34,500
time, that would make no sense 
from The Waking perspective. 

3025
03:01:35,300 --> 03:01:39,300
This is the ordinary default 
mode of dreaming complete 

3026
03:01:39,300 --> 03:01:42,300
immersion without reflection 
Consciousness without 

3027
03:01:42,300 --> 03:01:46,400
self-awareness. perhaps if 
you've been practicing the 

3028
03:01:46,400 --> 03:01:49,900
technique, if you have the 
habits of reality testing and 

3029
03:01:49,900 --> 03:01:53,400
dream journaling and gentle 
intention setting, tonight might

3030
03:01:53,400 --> 03:01:56,100
be different. 
Apps at some point in your 

3031
03:01:56,100 --> 03:01:58,300
dreams, something will trigger 
that question. 

3032
03:01:59,200 --> 03:02:02,400
Am I Dreaming? 
That you'll notice hands that 

3033
03:02:02,408 --> 03:02:06,600
look wrong or text that changes 
when you look away and back or 

3034
03:02:06,600 --> 03:02:09,600
an impossibility that catches 
your attention despite the dream

3035
03:02:09,600 --> 03:02:12,400
fog. 
Perhaps you'll remember while 

3036
03:02:12,400 --> 03:02:15,900
asleep to check whether you're 
sleeping and if that recognition

3037
03:02:15,900 --> 03:02:19,100
comes, if you have that moment 
of awareness where you 

3038
03:02:19,100 --> 03:02:22,800
understand, I'm Dreaming, you'll
be joining a tradition as old as

3039
03:02:22,800 --> 03:02:26,200
human consciousness itself. 
You'll be experiencing what 

3040
03:02:26,200 --> 03:02:29,500
shamans and Mystics and 
philosophers have experienced 

3041
03:02:29,500 --> 03:02:33,200
across cultures and centuries. 
You'll be touching the same 

3042
03:02:33,200 --> 03:02:36,800
mystery that ancient Egyptians 
explored in sleep temples. 

3043
03:02:36,800 --> 03:02:41,000
The Tibetan Monks cultivated 
through meditation and that 

3044
03:02:41,000 --> 03:02:44,700
modern scientists have finally 
proven and begun to understand 

3045
03:02:45,900 --> 03:02:50,100
The moment itself is simple and 
profound your simultaneously 

3046
03:02:50,100 --> 03:02:54,700
asleep and awake, unconscious 
and aware creating and observing

3047
03:02:54,700 --> 03:02:58,600
your own mental experience. 
Your Consciousness is examining 

3048
03:02:58,600 --> 03:03:03,500
itself mind watching mine and 
awareness turned back on its own

3049
03:03:03,500 --> 03:03:06,200
processes. 
It's a state that reveals 

3050
03:03:06,200 --> 03:03:09,000
something fundamental about the 
flexibility of human 

3051
03:03:09,000 --> 03:03:12,500
consciousness about how we're 
not locked into a single mode of

3052
03:03:12,500 --> 03:03:16,300
being but can shift and 
reconfigure can maintain 

3053
03:03:16,300 --> 03:03:19,500
awareness across different 
states and can be present and 

3054
03:03:19,500 --> 03:03:22,200
observe and regardless of 
whether we are awake or asleep, 

3055
03:03:23,500 --> 03:03:26,300
Story of how humans learn to 
control their dreams isn't 

3056
03:03:26,300 --> 03:03:29,500
finished. 
It continues to night in 

3057
03:03:29,500 --> 03:03:32,500
bedrooms around the world. 
As people drift towards sleep 

3058
03:03:32,500 --> 03:03:35,100
with varying degrees of 
intention and awareness. 

3059
03:03:36,100 --> 03:03:39,700
Some approach sleep is always 
paying no attention to dreams 

3060
03:03:39,700 --> 03:03:41,900
letting Consciousness, shut 
down. 

3061
03:03:41,900 --> 03:03:44,300
Completely without reflection or
observation. 

3062
03:03:45,200 --> 03:03:48,600
Others are practicing the 
techniques building the habits 

3063
03:03:48,600 --> 03:03:51,800
and gradually learning to 
maintain threats of awareness 

3064
03:03:51,800 --> 03:03:55,400
through the transition into 
sleep. your part of this ongoing

3065
03:03:55,400 --> 03:03:59,000
story now, Whether you have 
lucid dreams to night or next 

3066
03:03:59,000 --> 03:04:02,100
week, or next month, or never 
you've been introduced to the 

3067
03:04:02,100 --> 03:04:05,000
possibility. 
You know, now what previous 

3068
03:04:05,000 --> 03:04:08,800
generations, learned that 
Consciousness doesn't have to 

3069
03:04:08,800 --> 03:04:10,700
shut down completely during 
sleep. 

3070
03:04:10,700 --> 03:04:15,200
That awareness can persist in 
Altered forms that the boundary 

3071
03:04:15,200 --> 03:04:18,400
between waking and sleeping is 
more permeable than it appears. 

3072
03:04:19,700 --> 03:04:22,700
Lucid dreaming doesn't offer 
magic powers or access to 

3073
03:04:22,700 --> 03:04:26,600
Mystical Realms, despite what 
some enthusiastic Advocates 

3074
03:04:26,600 --> 03:04:29,800
might play, It doesn't let you 
predict the future or 

3075
03:04:29,800 --> 03:04:32,800
communicate with Spirits or 
access Cosmic knowledge hidden 

3076
03:04:32,800 --> 03:04:36,700
from waking consciousness. 
What it offers is, perhaps more 

3077
03:04:36,700 --> 03:04:40,600
valuable direct experience of 
how Consciousness Works. 

3078
03:04:40,600 --> 03:04:44,700
How awareness can persist and 
observe even while The Logical 

3079
03:04:44,700 --> 03:04:49,600
mind rests, How expectation and 
intention shape reality and 

3080
03:04:49,600 --> 03:04:53,100
profound ways how the boundary 
between self and experience is 

3081
03:04:53,100 --> 03:04:55,700
more fluid and constructed than 
we usually assume. 

3082
03:04:56,600 --> 03:04:59,300
When you become aware and a 
dream, you're not discovering 

3083
03:04:59,300 --> 03:05:01,300
some external truth about the 
universe. 

3084
03:05:01,300 --> 03:05:05,100
Your discovering, something 
about yourself, about how your 

3085
03:05:05,100 --> 03:05:08,400
own mind operates about the 
extraordinary capacity for 

3086
03:05:08,400 --> 03:05:12,800
Consciousness to fold, back on 
itself to watch itself to be 

3087
03:05:12,800 --> 03:05:15,600
simultaneously. 
The experience, and the Observer

3088
03:05:15,600 --> 03:05:19,900
of experience, this 
self-reflexive awareness, this 

3089
03:05:19,900 --> 03:05:23,200
consciousness of Consciousness 
is one of the most remarkable 

3090
03:05:23,200 --> 03:05:28,000
features of human cognition and 
lucid dreaming provides a unique

3091
03:05:28,000 --> 03:05:32,400
laboratory for exploring it. 
As you fall asleep, to night 

3092
03:05:32,400 --> 03:05:36,200
your participating in ancient 
investigation into the nature of

3093
03:05:36,200 --> 03:05:38,900
mind. 
Your sleeping brain will create 

3094
03:05:38,900 --> 03:05:42,500
worlds, process, memories work 
through problems. 

3095
03:05:42,500 --> 03:05:47,300
Rehearse scenarios and generate 
the Vivid experience as we call 

3096
03:05:47,300 --> 03:05:51,300
dreams. 
And perhaps with practice and 

3097
03:05:51,300 --> 03:05:54,900
patience, you'll find yourself 
aware within those worlds, 

3098
03:05:54,900 --> 03:06:00,000
conscious enough to observe to 
explore to Marvel at the 

3099
03:06:00,000 --> 03:06:02,600
extraordinary Machinery of your 
own Consciousness. 

3100
03:06:02,600 --> 03:06:07,900
The control part changing dreams
directing action creating 

3101
03:06:07,900 --> 03:06:10,900
specific scenarios. 
That's interesting but 

3102
03:06:10,900 --> 03:06:15,400
ultimately secondary The real 
gift of lucid dreaming is the 

3103
03:06:15,400 --> 03:06:18,600
awareness itself, the moment of 
recognition. 

3104
03:06:19,500 --> 03:06:22,100
The understanding that your 
dreaming, while the dream 

3105
03:06:22,100 --> 03:06:27,000
continues that strange peaceful 
state, where your simultaneously

3106
03:06:27,000 --> 03:06:32,100
asleep and awake creating and 
observing lost and found in the 

3107
03:06:32,100 --> 03:06:35,500
Landscapes of your own mind. 
Sweet dreams. 

3108
03:06:36,700 --> 03:06:39,000
And if you happen to find 
yourself, wondering whether your

3109
03:06:39,000 --> 03:06:42,600
dreaming while a dream unfolds 
around you, if you have that 

3110
03:06:42,600 --> 03:06:46,900
moment of questioning that brief
flicker of recognition, you'll 

3111
03:06:46,900 --> 03:06:49,600
be touching something profound. 
You'll be experiencing 

3112
03:06:49,600 --> 03:06:54,600
Consciousness examining itself 
mind what watching mine and when

3113
03:06:54,600 --> 03:06:58,200
is turned back on its own 
processes, the answer to Am I 

3114
03:06:58,200 --> 03:07:04,000
Dreaming is no right now as you 
read this you're awake engaged 

3115
03:07:04,000 --> 03:07:07,600
with text on a page or screen 
fully conscious in the ordinary 

3116
03:07:07,600 --> 03:07:12,100
waking scents. but in a few 
hours, when sleepers claimed you

3117
03:07:12,100 --> 03:07:15,500
and your mind is generating its 
nightly Visions, the answer 

3118
03:07:15,500 --> 03:07:19,900
might be different You might 
find yourself in an impossible 

3119
03:07:19,900 --> 03:07:22,800
landscape. 
Living through an impossible 

3120
03:07:22,800 --> 03:07:26,400
situation, and some part of your
mind, might remember to ask that

3121
03:07:26,400 --> 03:07:30,200
simple question. 
And in that moment of asking of 

3122
03:07:30,200 --> 03:07:33,900
genuinely questioning your State
of Consciousness, rather than 

3123
03:07:33,900 --> 03:07:35,900
automatically assuming you're 
awake. 

3124
03:07:36,600 --> 03:07:37,900
You might discover the answer 
is. 

3125
03:07:37,900 --> 03:07:41,400
Yes. 
Yes your dreaming and yes you're

3126
03:07:41,400 --> 03:07:45,100
aware of it and yes you can 
observe this strange State can 

3127
03:07:45,100 --> 03:07:49,300
explore it can learn from it. 
Can Marvel at the fact that 

3128
03:07:49,300 --> 03:07:53,700
Consciousness continues even 
when rationality sleeps Your 

3129
03:07:53,700 --> 03:07:57,800
mind will create entire worlds 
to night. whether you're aware 

3130
03:07:57,800 --> 03:08:01,500
of them or lost in them, whether
you recognize them as dreams or 

3131
03:08:01,500 --> 03:08:04,900
accept them as reality, whether 
you observe, or simply 

3132
03:08:04,900 --> 03:08:09,600
experience, all of this happens,
every time you sleep, The only 

3133
03:08:09,600 --> 03:08:12,200
question is, whether you'll 
remember, whether you'll know 

3134
03:08:12,200 --> 03:08:16,700
whether that spark of awareness 
will arise in the darkness and 

3135
03:08:16,700 --> 03:08:18,800
illuminate. 
The fact that your conscience 

3136
03:08:18,800 --> 03:08:21,900
even in sleep, The gift is 
available. 

3137
03:08:21,900 --> 03:08:26,400
The techniques work, the state 
is real and accessible. 

3138
03:08:26,400 --> 03:08:30,200
All That Remains is practice 
patience. 

3139
03:08:30,200 --> 03:08:33,900
And that gentle curiosity about 
what lies behind your closed 

3140
03:08:33,900 --> 03:08:38,200
eyes each night. 
Welcome to the dream, may you 

3141
03:08:38,200 --> 03:08:48,400
recognize it for what it is. 
Welcome to tonight's journey 

3142
03:08:48,400 --> 03:08:51,900
through one of history's. 
Most understated Treasures for 

3143
03:08:51,900 --> 03:08:55,100
the next hour, you'll discover 
how a single golden liquid 

3144
03:08:55,100 --> 03:08:59,700
transformed kitchens illuminated
cities, healed bodies and 

3145
03:08:59,700 --> 03:09:02,500
connected Distant, Shores 
across, thousands of years. 

3146
03:09:02,500 --> 03:09:06,800
Now please, imagine if you will 
and that comfy purple mattress 

3147
03:09:06,800 --> 03:09:10,700
that so snuggly and cozy that 
you're standing in a Grove that 

3148
03:09:10,700 --> 03:09:14,400
predates written language the 
trees around you twist Skyward 

3149
03:09:14,400 --> 03:09:18,500
with bark asld as braided rope. 
Their trunks wide enough that 

3150
03:09:18,500 --> 03:09:21,100
you'd need three people. 
Linking hands to encircle the 

3151
03:09:21,100 --> 03:09:23,600
oldest ones. 
These olive trees of witnessed 

3152
03:09:23,600 --> 03:09:27,000
Empires rise and crumble, their 
root drinking from the same 

3153
03:09:27,000 --> 03:09:31,400
Limestone soil for 1000 years or
more the leaves, catch off to 

3154
03:09:31,400 --> 03:09:34,300
new light with a peculiar 
Shimmer silver underneath. 

3155
03:09:34,300 --> 03:09:37,800
Gray, green on top creating a 
rustling canopy. 

3156
03:09:37,800 --> 03:09:40,900
That sounds like distant 
rainfall even on windless days. 

3157
03:09:40,900 --> 03:09:44,700
Your fingers brush against bark,
that feels like cooled, lava, 

3158
03:09:44,700 --> 03:09:47,700
all ridges and valleys Frozen 
mid-flow. 

3159
03:09:48,900 --> 03:09:53,400
The tree doesn't grow straight, 
it spirals corkscrews and splits

3160
03:09:53,400 --> 03:09:57,100
into multiple trunks that rejoin
higher up as if the wood itself 

3161
03:09:57,100 --> 03:10:00,100
can't decide which direction 
leads to sunlight, some 

3162
03:10:00,100 --> 03:10:03,300
branches, look dead until you 
notice the small green shoots 

3163
03:10:03,300 --> 03:10:05,400
emerging from what appeared to 
be driftwood. 

3164
03:10:06,100 --> 03:10:09,000
Olive trees. 
You've learned refused to die, 

3165
03:10:09,000 --> 03:10:13,200
easily cut one down to a stump 
and it sends up New Growth 

3166
03:10:13,200 --> 03:10:16,700
within Seasons. 
Set fire to an entire Grove and 

3167
03:10:16,700 --> 03:10:18,400
The Roots. 
Wait, patiently underground. 

3168
03:10:18,400 --> 03:10:21,500
Ready to sprout? 
Again, when conditions improve, 

3169
03:10:22,200 --> 03:10:25,200
The fruit hanging before you 
looks nothing, like the glossy 

3170
03:10:25,200 --> 03:10:28,900
black olives in jars. 
These are small hard green. 

3171
03:10:28,900 --> 03:10:33,000
Things about the size of a large
marble with a waxy coating that 

3172
03:10:33,000 --> 03:10:36,200
repels morning dew. 
You pick one and bite down 

3173
03:10:36,200 --> 03:10:38,800
without thinking then 
immediately regret it. 

3174
03:10:38,800 --> 03:10:42,900
The bitterness flood your mouth,
like you've licked a battery, a 

3175
03:10:42,900 --> 03:10:44,700
chemical Tang. 
So intense it makes sure. 

3176
03:10:46,100 --> 03:10:48,500
Spit it out quickly 
understanding. 

3177
03:10:48,500 --> 03:10:52,400
Now why these olives need 
processing need time and need 

3178
03:10:52,400 --> 03:10:56,000
human intervention to become 
edible raw, olives contain All 

3179
03:10:56,000 --> 03:10:59,300
European a compound. 
So bitter it serves as the trees

3180
03:10:59,300 --> 03:11:01,800
defense mechanism against 
animals who might otherwise 

3181
03:11:01,800 --> 03:11:05,400
devil the fruit before seeds can
spread around you. 

3182
03:11:05,400 --> 03:11:08,300
Other Harvesters work with the 
patients of people who have 

3183
03:11:08,300 --> 03:11:12,200
performed this task since 
childhood An older woman spreads

3184
03:11:12,200 --> 03:11:15,000
wide Nets beneath, a 
particularly heavy laden, tree 

3185
03:11:15,000 --> 03:11:18,600
securing, the corners with 
stones, so wind won't disturb 

3186
03:11:18,600 --> 03:11:21,000
them. 
Two younger people carry wooden 

3187
03:11:21,000 --> 03:11:24,500
ladders, worn, Smooth by Decades
of hands, positioning them 

3188
03:11:24,500 --> 03:11:27,100
carefully against branches, as 
thick as their torsos. 

3189
03:11:27,100 --> 03:11:30,400
There's minimal talking, 
everyone knows their role in 

3190
03:11:30,400 --> 03:11:32,600
this Harvest that's been 
repeated the same way for 

3191
03:11:32,600 --> 03:11:36,100
Generations, stretching back 
before anyone bothered recording

3192
03:11:36,100 --> 03:11:39,000
such things. 
The traditional Harvest happens 

3193
03:11:39,000 --> 03:11:42,100
in late Autumn when the olives 
transition from green to purple 

3194
03:11:42,100 --> 03:11:45,300
to Black, though, your village, 
prefers picking them young and 

3195
03:11:45,300 --> 03:11:48,200
green, this timing effects, the 
oils flavor. 

3196
03:11:49,000 --> 03:11:52,400
Earlier Harvest produce oil with
more bitterness and pepper and 

3197
03:11:52,400 --> 03:11:56,100
later Harvest brings sweetness 
and buttery notes, you watches 

3198
03:11:56,100 --> 03:11:58,500
someone uses a hand Drake to 
comb through branches. 

3199
03:11:58,500 --> 03:12:02,500
Encouraging Olive's to drop into
Nets below without damaging. 

3200
03:12:02,500 --> 03:12:04,600
The wood. 
The sound of fruit hitting 

3201
03:12:04,600 --> 03:12:07,900
fabric creates a gentle. 
Percussion hundreds of small 

3202
03:12:07,900 --> 03:12:11,700
impacts that blend into white 
noise after a while a few trees 

3203
03:12:11,700 --> 03:12:13,700
over. 
Someone has climbed High into 

3204
03:12:13,700 --> 03:12:16,800
the canopy visible, only a 
shifting branches, and the 

3205
03:12:16,800 --> 03:12:20,500
occasional glimpse of a tunic 
olives reigned down in small 

3206
03:12:20,500 --> 03:12:23,800
clusters bouncing off Nets. 
And rolling toward the edges 

3207
03:12:23,800 --> 03:12:25,700
where children wait together 
escapees. 

3208
03:12:26,800 --> 03:12:30,400
Kids compete to see who can 
collect the most Strays turning 

3209
03:12:30,400 --> 03:12:33,300
tedious labor into a game. 
The way children always manage 

3210
03:12:33,300 --> 03:12:36,800
their laughter carries across 
the Grove breaking the 

3211
03:12:36,800 --> 03:12:40,000
meditative silence for a moment.
Before being absorbed back into 

3212
03:12:40,000 --> 03:12:43,400
the rustle of silver leaves. 
You bend to help gather olives 

3213
03:12:43,400 --> 03:12:46,600
from a full net. 
Scooping handfuls into a woven 

3214
03:12:46,600 --> 03:12:48,200
basket. 
That smells of Earth and 

3215
03:12:48,200 --> 03:12:52,100
previous harvests. 
Each Olive feels cool and firm 

3216
03:12:52,100 --> 03:12:55,900
with a weight that belies its 
size the basket, grows heavy 

3217
03:12:55,900 --> 03:12:58,600
quickly. 
Olive Wood is dense, and even 

3218
03:12:58,600 --> 03:13:02,500
the fruit carries substantial 
Mass, Your back reminds you of 

3219
03:13:02,500 --> 03:13:04,800
its presence. 
As you Hoist, the full basket 

3220
03:13:04,800 --> 03:13:08,600
and carry it toward collection 
carts, waiting at the Grove's 

3221
03:13:08,600 --> 03:13:11,200
Edge. 
The path between trees is worn 

3222
03:13:11,200 --> 03:13:13,000
Smooth by countless feet 
walking. 

3223
03:13:13,000 --> 03:13:17,200
This exact route Autumn after 
Autumn carrying baskets, just 

3224
03:13:17,200 --> 03:13:21,300
like yours at the collection. 
Point baskets, get emptied into 

3225
03:13:21,300 --> 03:13:24,800
larger containers, creating 
small, Avalanches of green 

3226
03:13:24,800 --> 03:13:28,000
purple fruit that click against 
would like hail on a roof. 

3227
03:13:28,000 --> 03:13:32,400
Someone tallies the Harvest in 
marks on a clay tablet, tracking

3228
03:13:32,400 --> 03:13:36,000
which families contributed which
amounts the accounting matters 

3229
03:13:36,000 --> 03:13:39,300
less than you'd expect most of 
the oil will be pressed and 

3230
03:13:39,300 --> 03:13:42,100
shared communally anywhere with 
extra jars. 

3231
03:13:42,100 --> 03:13:44,600
Going to families, who 
contribute the most labor. 

3232
03:13:44,600 --> 03:13:48,500
It's an Economy based on effort,
rather than ownership on 

3233
03:13:48,500 --> 03:13:51,200
Collective understanding rather 
than written contracts. 

3234
03:13:51,200 --> 03:13:54,600
The Grove extends farther than 
you can see from ground level 

3235
03:13:54,600 --> 03:13:58,200
100 of trees. 
Marching up hillsides to Rocky 

3236
03:13:58,200 --> 03:14:01,300
and steep for grain. 
Crops this is the olives gift. 

3237
03:14:01,400 --> 03:14:05,700
To Mediterranean people's it 
thrives where we can barley fail

3238
03:14:05,700 --> 03:14:11,000
asking only for Limestone soil. 
Hot dry Summers and Mild wet 

3239
03:14:11,000 --> 03:14:14,600
Winters. 
The trees need almost no care 

3240
03:14:14,600 --> 03:14:18,100
once established. 
No irrigation no fertilizer. 

3241
03:14:18,100 --> 03:14:21,900
Minimal pruning. 
They simply exist producing 

3242
03:14:21,900 --> 03:14:25,300
fruit year after year with a 
reliability that sustained 

3243
03:14:25,300 --> 03:14:28,800
civilizations through droughts 
that would have killed any other

3244
03:14:28,800 --> 03:14:34,300
crop. the sunset approaches the 
harvesting slows people roll up 

3245
03:14:34,300 --> 03:14:38,900
nets secure, ladders and cover 
collection baskets with fabric 

3246
03:14:38,900 --> 03:14:42,500
to protect them from due and 
opportunistic birds tomorrow 

3247
03:14:42,500 --> 03:14:46,000
you'll begin the pressing but 
tonight the olives will rest and

3248
03:14:46,000 --> 03:14:50,500
so will you walking home through
dimming light, you notice how 

3249
03:14:50,500 --> 03:14:53,500
the silver underside of olive 
leaves seem to Glow faintly 

3250
03:14:54,400 --> 03:14:57,600
Catching the last of sun and 
holding them a moment longer 

3251
03:14:57,600 --> 03:15:00,400
than other trees. 
It's a small magic this 

3252
03:15:00,400 --> 03:15:03,100
luminescent, but appropriate for
a tree whose fruit will 

3253
03:15:03,100 --> 03:15:06,900
eventually become light itself. 
The pressing room smells of 

3254
03:15:06,900 --> 03:15:10,500
crushed vegetation and stone 
dust with undertones of 

3255
03:15:10,500 --> 03:15:12,200
fermentation that aren't 
unpleasant. 

3256
03:15:12,200 --> 03:15:15,900
Once you adjust your standing 
before a millstone larger than a

3257
03:15:15,900 --> 03:15:19,600
wagon wheel, watching it rotates
slowly around a vertical axis, 

3258
03:15:19,600 --> 03:15:24,300
while a donkey pods and circles 
connected to the stone by a worn

3259
03:15:24,300 --> 03:15:26,500
wooden beam. 
The donkey knows this work. 

3260
03:15:26,500 --> 03:15:28,900
Intimately, requiring, no 
guidance. 

3261
03:15:28,900 --> 03:15:31,100
Placing each hoof with a 
careful. 

3262
03:15:31,100 --> 03:15:33,900
Precision of someone who's 
traced this exact Circle 

3263
03:15:33,900 --> 03:15:38,500
thousands of times its eyes. 
Hold that distant look animals. 

3264
03:15:38,500 --> 03:15:41,600
Develop when performing tasks 
that require presence but not 

3265
03:15:41,600 --> 03:15:44,500
attention. 
Beneath the Rolling Stone. 

3266
03:15:44,500 --> 03:15:48,300
Olives gradually transformed 
from Individual fruits in to a 

3267
03:15:48,300 --> 03:15:51,500
purple brown Pace. 
The millstone doesn't Crush so 

3268
03:15:51,500 --> 03:15:54,700
much as grind. 
Its weight sufficient to break 

3269
03:15:54,700 --> 03:15:57,900
down flesh and Pitt together 
into a thick mixture that 

3270
03:15:57,900 --> 03:16:01,500
releases the first hints of oil.
You can see it glistening on the

3271
03:16:01,508 --> 03:16:04,700
stone surface, catching light 
from oil, lamps hung around the 

3272
03:16:04,700 --> 03:16:07,100
room. 
The pace collects in a stone 

3273
03:16:07,100 --> 03:16:10,800
base and carve smooth over 
centuries of use its surface 

3274
03:16:10,800 --> 03:16:14,100
stained dark from countless. 
Pressings someone adds a new 

3275
03:16:14,108 --> 03:16:17,000
basket of Olives to the Mills 
Edge, where the stone will, 

3276
03:16:17,000 --> 03:16:19,800
eventually reach them and pull 
them into its grinding path. 

3277
03:16:20,600 --> 03:16:23,800
The addition barely interrupts, 
the Rhythm, the donkey 

3278
03:16:23,800 --> 03:16:27,700
continues, its circuit the stone
continues, its rotation and the 

3279
03:16:27,700 --> 03:16:29,400
paste grows deeper in the 
collection. 

3280
03:16:29,400 --> 03:16:33,900
Basin watching the process 
induces a kind of Trance the 

3281
03:16:33,900 --> 03:16:37,500
circular motion, the steady 
progress and the gradual 

3282
03:16:37,500 --> 03:16:40,700
transformation happening at a 
pace that defeats impatience. 

3283
03:16:41,400 --> 03:16:45,800
This isn't work, you can Rush. 
Oil extraction requires time to 

3284
03:16:45,800 --> 03:16:48,700
do its work properly when the 
paste reaches sufficient 

3285
03:16:48,700 --> 03:16:51,200
consistency. 
Something judged by Ai and 

3286
03:16:51,200 --> 03:16:55,500
texture of measurement workers, 
scoop it into woven bags made 

3287
03:16:55,500 --> 03:16:58,900
from a spato grass or hemp. 
These bags, get stacked 

3288
03:16:58,900 --> 03:17:00,500
carefully. 
On a pressing platform 

3289
03:17:00,500 --> 03:17:04,000
alternating with a round. 
Wooden discs that distribute 

3290
03:17:04,000 --> 03:17:07,100
pressure evenly. 
You help position the bags. 

3291
03:17:07,100 --> 03:17:10,100
Feeling the pace. 
Cool moisture seep through the 

3292
03:17:10,100 --> 03:17:13,800
weaving, leaving your hands, 
slick, the pace smells vegetable

3293
03:17:13,800 --> 03:17:16,200
and Alive. 
Nothing like the refined oil, 

3294
03:17:16,200 --> 03:17:18,300
you'll eventually pour into 
storage jars. 

3295
03:17:18,300 --> 03:17:22,600
The Press itself, dominates the 
room, a massive wooden screw 

3296
03:17:22,600 --> 03:17:26,200
carved from a single beam 
operated by a long lever that 

3297
03:17:26,200 --> 03:17:30,300
extends out like a ship's boom. 
The screws threads are hand-cut 

3298
03:17:30,300 --> 03:17:32,800
showing The Irregular marks of 
the ads. 

3299
03:17:32,800 --> 03:17:36,000
That shape the four people take 
positions along the leather, 

3300
03:17:36,000 --> 03:17:38,800
preparing to walk the circle 
that will drive the screw 

3301
03:17:38,800 --> 03:17:42,700
downward into the Stacked bags. 
Someone gives a signal and 

3302
03:17:42,700 --> 03:17:45,900
everyone pushes leaning their 
weight into wood Smooth by 

3303
03:17:45,900 --> 03:17:50,400
countless Palms, the screw 
descends slowly grudgingly 

3304
03:17:50,400 --> 03:17:54,900
protesting with creeks that Echo
off stonewalls as pressure 

3305
03:17:54,900 --> 03:17:57,700
builds. 
The first oil emerges it seeps 

3306
03:17:57,700 --> 03:18:00,000
through the bag. 
Weaving runs down the sides of 

3307
03:18:00,000 --> 03:18:02,800
the discs and collects in a 
shallow, trough carved into the 

3308
03:18:02,800 --> 03:18:06,000
pressing platform. 
The liquid catches Lamplight and

3309
03:18:06,000 --> 03:18:09,400
throws it back transformed. 
No longer white light, but 

3310
03:18:09,400 --> 03:18:12,500
something golden viscous and 
alive. 

3311
03:18:13,300 --> 03:18:17,400
This first pressing produces the
finest oil cold extracted 

3312
03:18:17,400 --> 03:18:20,800
without heat carrying the full 
complexity of the fruit. 

3313
03:18:20,800 --> 03:18:24,300
You watch it accumulate with the
satisfaction of witnessing 

3314
03:18:24,300 --> 03:18:27,400
creation. 
Raw material becoming treasure 

3315
03:18:27,400 --> 03:18:30,500
through nothing but pressure and
patience the workers. 

3316
03:18:30,500 --> 03:18:34,200
Continue pushing walking their 
circle around the Press adding 

3317
03:18:34,200 --> 03:18:36,700
their strength to the screws 
mechanical advantage. 

3318
03:18:37,600 --> 03:18:41,600
The more oil flows, the more the
bags flat and the past in side, 

3319
03:18:41,600 --> 03:18:44,700
compresses into dense. 
So layers eventually the flow 

3320
03:18:44,700 --> 03:18:48,400
Slows To occasional drops. 
Each one forming at the bags. 

3321
03:18:48,400 --> 03:18:52,600
Lowest point swelling, then 
falling to join its predecessors

3322
03:18:52,600 --> 03:18:55,700
in the collection. 
Trough When drops become rare 

3323
03:18:55,700 --> 03:18:59,500
enough to count individually, 
the pressing stops, the bags, 

3324
03:18:59,500 --> 03:19:02,200
get removed. 
And the compressed paste inside 

3325
03:19:02,200 --> 03:19:06,000
is now formed into hard cakes. 
These pressed cakes still 

3326
03:19:06,000 --> 03:19:09,400
contain oil but extracting it 
requires different methods. 

3327
03:19:09,400 --> 03:19:13,100
Some producers, add hot water 
and press again, creating a 

3328
03:19:13,100 --> 03:19:17,200
lower grade oil suitable for 
lamps rather than tables others,

3329
03:19:17,200 --> 03:19:20,700
save the cakes as fuel. 
They burn slowly and steadily 

3330
03:19:20,700 --> 03:19:25,200
perfect for heating bath water 
or firing Pottery Kilns, nothing

3331
03:19:25,200 --> 03:19:28,400
goes to waste in this economy 
where olives, represent months 

3332
03:19:28,400 --> 03:19:31,800
of Labor, transformed into 
liquid value, you help transfer 

3333
03:19:31,800 --> 03:19:34,800
the freshly pressed oil from The
Collection trough into settling 

3334
03:19:34,800 --> 03:19:37,500
vessels. 
Wide clay containers where the 

3335
03:19:37,500 --> 03:19:40,400
oil will separate from residual 
water and plant particles. 

3336
03:19:40,400 --> 03:19:44,600
The settling takes days gravity 
doing slow, work. 

3337
03:19:44,600 --> 03:19:48,300
That can't be hurried. 
Oil floats naturally above water

3338
03:19:48,300 --> 03:19:51,900
creating a distinct boundary. 
You can see even in Lamplight. 

3339
03:19:52,900 --> 03:19:57,200
Finest oil Rises to the top 
clear and golden below it. 

3340
03:19:57,200 --> 03:20:01,900
A layer of Cloudy oil mixed. 
With plant particles below that 

3341
03:20:01,900 --> 03:20:05,900
the vegetable water called a 
morka is still useful for 

3342
03:20:05,900 --> 03:20:08,300
various purposes but is no 
longer food. 

3343
03:20:08,300 --> 03:20:11,600
The pressing room maintains a 
temperature cooler than outside 

3344
03:20:11,600 --> 03:20:14,900
taking advantage of thick, stone
walls, and minimal windows. 

3345
03:20:15,600 --> 03:20:18,900
Heat damages oil encouraging 
around acidity and destroying 

3346
03:20:18,900 --> 03:20:20,800
the delicate compounds that give
good oil. 

3347
03:20:20,800 --> 03:20:23,200
Its character. 
The workers here, understand 

3348
03:20:23,200 --> 03:20:26,500
chemistry without knowing its 
name, using observation and 

3349
03:20:26,500 --> 03:20:29,400
tradition to guide processes 
that modern science has only 

3350
03:20:29,408 --> 03:20:33,300
recently explained They know 
that green olives pressed early 

3351
03:20:33,300 --> 03:20:36,200
yields spicy oil. 
They know that damaged fruit 

3352
03:20:36,200 --> 03:20:39,300
creates off flavors. 
They know that metal containers 

3353
03:20:39,300 --> 03:20:41,500
corrupt, The Taste while clay 
preserves it. 

3354
03:20:41,500 --> 03:20:46,000
A large jar in the corner holds 
oil from earlier pressings its 

3355
03:20:46,000 --> 03:20:49,400
surface covered with a layer of 
natural sediment that protects 

3356
03:20:49,400 --> 03:20:51,300
the liquid beneath from 
oxidation. 

3357
03:20:51,300 --> 03:20:55,100
Someone dips a small clay cup 
into the clear oil below the 

3358
03:20:55,100 --> 03:20:58,200
sediment layer. 
Then offers it to you, you taste

3359
03:20:58,200 --> 03:21:00,700
it. 
Carefully first the fruit, then 

3360
03:21:00,700 --> 03:21:03,700
the pepper at the back of your 
throat, then a bitterness that 

3361
03:21:03,700 --> 03:21:07,000
somehow Pleasant all of it 
balanced in a way that makes you

3362
03:21:07,000 --> 03:21:10,100
understand why people of value. 
This substance for thousands of 

3363
03:21:10,100 --> 03:21:12,900
years. 
It tastes like the Grove like 

3364
03:21:12,900 --> 03:21:16,700
sunlight on Silver leaves like 
patient, labor rewarded. 

3365
03:21:17,500 --> 03:21:21,400
As the days pressing concludes 
workers clean tools with hot 

3366
03:21:21,400 --> 03:21:23,800
water and coarse cloths 
scrubbing away. 

3367
03:21:23,800 --> 03:21:27,400
Paste residue before it can 
Harden, the millstone gets a 

3368
03:21:27,400 --> 03:21:29,800
final rotation with nothing 
beneath it clearing away, 

3369
03:21:29,800 --> 03:21:33,300
remaining debris. 
The donkey is unhitched led to 

3370
03:21:33,308 --> 03:21:37,200
water and feed its work done 
until tomorrow brings another 

3371
03:21:37,200 --> 03:21:41,200
rotation of the same wheel, the 
same Circle, the same 

3372
03:21:41,200 --> 03:21:43,400
transformation of fruit into 
gold. 

3373
03:21:43,400 --> 03:21:47,400
You leave the pressing room with
hands that smell of olives, a 

3374
03:21:47,400 --> 03:21:49,900
scent that will linger for days,
no matter how many times you 

3375
03:21:49,900 --> 03:21:54,600
wash, Your kitchen measures, 
perhaps 12 feet square with the 

3376
03:21:54,600 --> 03:21:58,800
floor of packed Earth warns, 
smooth as River Stones, sunlight

3377
03:21:58,800 --> 03:22:01,800
enters, through a single window 
covered with an oil cloth that 

3378
03:22:01,800 --> 03:22:06,000
glows Amber when backlit. 
The rooms heart is a half-built 

3379
03:22:06,000 --> 03:22:09,900
from stacked stone. 
Its surface blackened by Decades

3380
03:22:09,900 --> 03:22:12,300
of cooking fires. 
Next to the Hearth. 

3381
03:22:12,300 --> 03:22:16,300
It's row of storage vessels. 
Each taller than a child, their 

3382
03:22:16,300 --> 03:22:19,800
clay surfaces cool. 
Despite the warm after noon, one

3383
03:22:19,800 --> 03:22:23,400
of these jars holds olive oil, 
perhaps 40 liters pressed last 

3384
03:22:23,408 --> 03:22:26,900
Autumn sealed with a clay 
stopper and wax to keep air from

3385
03:22:26,900 --> 03:22:30,800
spoiling its contents. 
You tip the large jar, carefully

3386
03:22:30,800 --> 03:22:33,500
letting oil flow into a smaller 
vessel. 

3387
03:22:33,500 --> 03:22:37,000
That's easier to handle the oil 
moves, more slowly than water 

3388
03:22:37,000 --> 03:22:40,000
with a thickness that makes it 
want to cling to surfaces. 

3389
03:22:41,000 --> 03:22:44,600
Catches light as it, pauses 
transforming from Golden to 

3390
03:22:44,600 --> 03:22:47,200
Amber to almost green depending 
on the angle. 

3391
03:22:47,200 --> 03:22:51,300
This oil will flavor tonight's 
meal and tomorrow's and the day 

3392
03:22:51,300 --> 03:22:54,200
after that. 
Constant presence and cooking as

3393
03:22:54,200 --> 03:22:58,700
fundamental as fire itself 
without it, your Cuisine would 

3394
03:22:58,708 --> 03:23:01,400
lose half. 
Its identity becoming something 

3395
03:23:01,400 --> 03:23:05,900
unrecognizable to anyone raise 
on the Mediterranean Shores on a

3396
03:23:05,900 --> 03:23:07,800
wooden cutting board. 
You arrange vegetables for 

3397
03:23:07,800 --> 03:23:13,000
tonight's meal leeks, onions, 
some early greens and lentils 

3398
03:23:13,000 --> 03:23:16,000
that have been soaking since 
morning the knife in your hand 

3399
03:23:16,000 --> 03:23:18,800
is bronze. 
Its Edge required regular 

3400
03:23:18,800 --> 03:23:22,100
sharpening but holding a Keynes 
that I am tools will later 

3401
03:23:22,100 --> 03:23:25,300
struggled to match. 
You chop the leeks in to rounds 

3402
03:23:25,300 --> 03:23:28,400
and the onions into rough 
chunks, working with the Casual 

3403
03:23:28,400 --> 03:23:31,400
efficiency of someone who's 
prepared thousands of meals. 

3404
03:23:31,400 --> 03:23:35,300
Each piece falls into a clay 
bowl or already slicked with all

3405
03:23:35,300 --> 03:23:38,300
of oil, the vegetables, 
beginning their transformation. 

3406
03:23:38,300 --> 03:23:43,000
Even before heater arrives. 
The cooking pot is ceramic, it's

3407
03:23:43,000 --> 03:23:47,200
inside surface darkened by use, 
but still sound free of cracks, 

3408
03:23:47,200 --> 03:23:50,700
that would let liquid seep 
through people olive oil into 

3409
03:23:50,700 --> 03:23:54,800
the pot, first enough to coat, 
the bottom generously, perhaps a

3410
03:23:54,800 --> 03:23:57,500
quarter cup by modern 
measurements, though, you judge 

3411
03:23:57,500 --> 03:24:01,900
by, I and habit, rather than 
precise amounts the oil spreads 

3412
03:24:01,900 --> 03:24:04,800
across the pots, interior 
finding every curve and 

3413
03:24:04,800 --> 03:24:08,500
depression, creating a golden 
pool that will prevent food from

3414
03:24:08,500 --> 03:24:12,400
sticking and contributes own 
flavor to whatever Cooks within 

3415
03:24:12,400 --> 03:24:15,700
coals from the mornings fire, 
still glow, red beneath white 

3416
03:24:15,700 --> 03:24:20,000
ash, You brush away, the Ash 
with a bundle of straw exposing 

3417
03:24:20,000 --> 03:24:23,000
the heat beneath. 
Then position, the pot carefully

3418
03:24:23,000 --> 03:24:26,300
over the hottest section, the 
oil begins warming immediately, 

3419
03:24:26,300 --> 03:24:29,900
it surfaced developing the 
faintest Shimmer as convection, 

3420
03:24:29,900 --> 03:24:33,100
currents move through it, you 
test the temperature by dropping

3421
03:24:33,100 --> 03:24:34,800
a small piece of onion into the 
oil. 

3422
03:24:34,800 --> 03:24:39,000
It should Sizzle gently without 
immediately Browning creating a 

3423
03:24:39,000 --> 03:24:39,800
sustained. 
Hiss. 

3424
03:24:39,800 --> 03:24:43,200
That tells you the heat is 
right, the vegetables go in next

3425
03:24:43,200 --> 03:24:46,500
tumbling from Bold to pot with 
sounds that satisfy on some 

3426
03:24:46,500 --> 03:24:49,500
Primal level. 
The hiss of moisture meeting hot

3427
03:24:49,500 --> 03:24:53,500
oil, the crackle is sugars, 
begin to caramelize and the 

3428
03:24:53,500 --> 03:24:56,500
aromatic steam that rises to 
fill the kitchen with promise, 

3429
03:24:56,500 --> 03:25:01,000
you stir with a wooden spoon 
worn Smooth by years of use its 

3430
03:25:01,000 --> 03:25:04,000
handle permanently stained with 
oil that seeped into the wood 

3431
03:25:04,000 --> 03:25:06,700
grain. 
The vegetable soften gradually, 

3432
03:25:06,700 --> 03:25:10,800
the colors intensifying rather 
than fading all of oil 

3433
03:25:10,800 --> 03:25:13,800
preserving, the bright greens 
and deep purples in ways that 

3434
03:25:13,800 --> 03:25:17,700
water-based cooking never could 
a small Jug on the Shelf holds 

3435
03:25:17,700 --> 03:25:19,500
oil reserve for finishing 
dishes. 

3436
03:25:19,500 --> 03:25:22,700
The finest pressing kept 
separate for drizzling, over 

3437
03:25:22,700 --> 03:25:27,600
food, just before serving, this 
oil, never sees heat preserving 

3438
03:25:27,600 --> 03:25:31,000
all the delicate compounds. 
That make it special, you'll use

3439
03:25:31,000 --> 03:25:33,100
it to night to dress. 
Lentils, after they finish 

3440
03:25:33,100 --> 03:25:36,800
cooking adding a final layer of 
flavor that heat treated oil 

3441
03:25:36,800 --> 03:25:39,900
can't provide the difference 
between cooking oil and 

3442
03:25:39,900 --> 03:25:43,900
finishing oil matters enormously
though explaining exactly why 

3443
03:25:43,900 --> 03:25:46,000
requires vocabulary. 
Your culture hasn't yet 

3444
03:25:46,000 --> 03:25:48,400
developed. 
While the vegetables cook, you 

3445
03:25:48,400 --> 03:25:52,200
prepare flatbread dough flour, 
water, a pinch of salt and olive

3446
03:25:52,200 --> 03:25:55,400
oil work together until the 
mixture stops sticking to your 

3447
03:25:55,400 --> 03:25:57,700
hands. 
The oil makes the dough more 

3448
03:25:57,700 --> 03:26:01,000
forgiving easier to handle and 
less likely to tear when you 

3449
03:26:01,000 --> 03:26:03,700
stretch it thin. 
You let it rest while the 

3450
03:26:03,700 --> 03:26:07,500
lentils simmer the doe 
developing texture Through Time,

3451
03:26:07,500 --> 03:26:11,100
rather than effort later, you'll
form it into circles, cooking 

3452
03:26:11,100 --> 03:26:13,500
them directly on a hot stone at 
the hearths edge. 

3453
03:26:13,500 --> 03:26:16,900
Brushing each finished bread 
with olive oil to keep it soft 

3454
03:26:16,900 --> 03:26:19,900
in the corner. 
A smaller jar holds olive oil, 

3455
03:26:19,900 --> 03:26:24,300
infused with herbs rosemary, 
thyme and bay leaves submerged 

3456
03:26:24,300 --> 03:26:27,400
in oil for weeks until their 
Essences permeate. 

3457
03:26:27,400 --> 03:26:30,700
The liquid you use this for 
special occasions but even 

3458
03:26:30,700 --> 03:26:33,600
ordinary days might see it 
appear if meals feel too plain, 

3459
03:26:33,600 --> 03:26:36,000
the herbs at complexity. 
Yes. 

3460
03:26:36,000 --> 03:26:39,100
But more importantly they 
preserve the oils freshness 

3461
03:26:39,100 --> 03:26:41,800
their natural antibacterial 
properties. 

3462
03:26:41,800 --> 03:26:45,200
Extending shelf life in ways 
that seem almost magical. 

3463
03:26:45,200 --> 03:26:48,900
You understand this works 
without knowing why Following 

3464
03:26:48,900 --> 03:26:51,800
practices handed down through 
generations of cooks who 

3465
03:26:51,800 --> 03:26:53,300
discovered through trial and 
error. 

3466
03:26:53,300 --> 03:26:55,300
What science will later, 
explain. 

3467
03:26:55,300 --> 03:26:59,100
The lentils need another edition
of oil, Midway through cooking, 

3468
03:26:59,100 --> 03:27:02,900
not for flavor this time but to 
prevent them from foaming over, 

3469
03:27:03,700 --> 03:27:06,700
A thin stream poured across the 
pots surface calms, the bubbling

3470
03:27:06,700 --> 03:27:10,400
immediately, the oil spreading 
to trap and collapse foam before

3471
03:27:10,400 --> 03:27:12,900
it can escape. 
This trick works. 

3472
03:27:12,900 --> 03:27:15,300
So reliably barely think about 
it anymore. 

3473
03:27:15,300 --> 03:27:19,100
Just as you barely think about 
breathing olive, oil isn't an 

3474
03:27:19,100 --> 03:27:20,800
ingredient. 
You had to cooking it's the 

3475
03:27:20,800 --> 03:27:23,900
medium within which cooking 
happens as a central as the pot 

3476
03:27:23,900 --> 03:27:26,700
itself. 
This evening deepens, you like 

3477
03:27:26,700 --> 03:27:29,100
lamps throughout the house. 
These are simple. 

3478
03:27:29,100 --> 03:27:31,300
Clay vessels with a spout for 
the wick. 

3479
03:27:31,300 --> 03:27:34,800
And a hole for pouring fuel. 
Olive oil fills each lamp the 

3480
03:27:34,800 --> 03:27:37,500
same oil. 
You cook with though, perhaps an

3481
03:27:37,500 --> 03:27:39,900
older pressing or a lower grade,
that's developed a slight 

3482
03:27:39,900 --> 03:27:42,300
bitterness. 
The Wicks are twisted flax 

3483
03:27:42,300 --> 03:27:44,500
trimmed regularly to prevent 
smoking. 

3484
03:27:44,500 --> 03:27:48,300
You like them one by one 
watching small Flames appear and

3485
03:27:48,300 --> 03:27:50,400
settle into steady burning the 
light. 

3486
03:27:50,400 --> 03:27:53,600
They cast is warmer than later. 
Petroleum products will provide 

3487
03:27:53,600 --> 03:27:57,300
with a slight golden quality 
that makes skin look healthier 

3488
03:27:57,300 --> 03:28:02,500
and food more appetizing The 
male finishes cooking as full 

3489
03:28:02,500 --> 03:28:06,000
Darkness arrives, you Ladle. 
Lentils into shallow bowls 

3490
03:28:06,000 --> 03:28:09,700
vegetables into a communal dish 
and bread onto a wooden board. 

3491
03:28:09,700 --> 03:28:14,200
The final touch that reserved 
finishing oil gets drizzled over

3492
03:28:14,200 --> 03:28:15,700
everything with a practiced 
hand. 

3493
03:28:15,700 --> 03:28:19,600
Creating glossy pools that sink 
slowly into the hot food. 

3494
03:28:19,600 --> 03:28:24,100
The aroma is extraordinary all 
the meals elements unified by 

3495
03:28:24,100 --> 03:28:27,100
this single ingredient. 
That's touched every component 

3496
03:28:27,100 --> 03:28:31,600
from raw to finish you eat with 
bread, torn by hand using pieces

3497
03:28:31,600 --> 03:28:33,500
to scoop up lentils and 
vegetables. 

3498
03:28:33,500 --> 03:28:37,100
The breads oil brush surface, 
making each bite Rich enough to 

3499
03:28:37,100 --> 03:28:40,000
satisfy without overwhelming, 
after the meal. 

3500
03:28:40,000 --> 03:28:43,300
You save the oil that remains in
serving dishes, pouring it back 

3501
03:28:43,300 --> 03:28:45,300
into storage rather than 
discarding it. 

3502
03:28:45,300 --> 03:28:49,300
This oil is taken on flavors 
from the food, it touched making

3503
03:28:49,300 --> 03:28:52,300
it perfect for tomorrow's 
cooking where those flavors will

3504
03:28:52,300 --> 03:28:55,600
contribute to new dishes. 
Nothing goes to waste in a 

3505
03:28:55,600 --> 03:28:58,700
household where all of oil 
represents stored labor, stored,

3506
03:28:58,700 --> 03:29:03,400
sunlight, and Stored wealth in 
his most fungible form the jars 

3507
03:29:03,400 --> 03:29:05,000
in your kitchen, hold more than 
food. 

3508
03:29:05,000 --> 03:29:09,400
They hold security knowing that,
even if grain harvest fail, 

3509
03:29:09,400 --> 03:29:12,700
these sealed vessels contain 
enough calories to see your 

3510
03:29:12,700 --> 03:29:16,100
family through lean months. 
You're walking through the city 

3511
03:29:16,100 --> 03:29:18,800
after Sunset. 
Now, navigating streets, that 

3512
03:29:18,800 --> 03:29:20,700
would be treacherous without 
illumination. 

3513
03:29:21,500 --> 03:29:25,100
Light spills from every window 
and doorway each building 

3514
03:29:25,100 --> 03:29:28,200
contributing its share to the 
collective effort of holding 

3515
03:29:28,200 --> 03:29:31,200
Darkness at Bay. 
The primary source of all this 

3516
03:29:31,200 --> 03:29:34,100
light hangs from brackets, sits 
and niches. 

3517
03:29:34,100 --> 03:29:38,400
And rests on Ledges thousands of
small clay lamps. 

3518
03:29:38,400 --> 03:29:42,200
Each burning olive oil with a 
steadiness that candles were 

3519
03:29:42,200 --> 03:29:43,100
later. 
Struggle to match. 

3520
03:29:43,100 --> 03:29:47,100
The Flames are surprisingly 
bright numerous enough that you 

3521
03:29:47,100 --> 03:29:51,100
can read inscriptions on public 
buildings, recognize faces from 

3522
03:29:51,100 --> 03:29:54,500
20 feet away and avoid. 
Stepping in things better left 

3523
03:29:54,500 --> 03:29:58,300
unmentioned, the city's Main 
Street features, elaborate lamps

3524
03:29:58,300 --> 03:30:01,800
Downs, taller than a person 
designed to illuminate public 

3525
03:30:01,800 --> 03:30:04,700
spaces, where citizens gather 
after daylight ends. 

3526
03:30:04,700 --> 03:30:09,000
These stands hold multiple lamps
arranged in tears creating 

3527
03:30:09,000 --> 03:30:12,200
islands of brightness. 
That push back Shadows, someone 

3528
03:30:12,200 --> 03:30:16,600
maintains these lamps refilling,
oil trimming Wix and ensuring 

3529
03:30:16,600 --> 03:30:19,400
Flames, don't fail during the 
night hours when their absence 

3530
03:30:19,400 --> 03:30:23,000
would be most keenly felt To 
public service is important as 

3531
03:30:23,000 --> 03:30:26,900
maintaining Wells or repairing 
roads paid for by wealthy 

3532
03:30:26,900 --> 03:30:29,600
citizens who understand that 
dark streets, discourage 

3533
03:30:29,600 --> 03:30:33,700
Commerce and encourage crimes. 
You pass a merchant shop where 

3534
03:30:33,700 --> 03:30:37,200
Lamplight streams through an 
open doorway revealing customers

3535
03:30:37,200 --> 03:30:41,600
examining Goods despite the late
hour, the shops interior blazes 

3536
03:30:41,600 --> 03:30:44,300
with perhaps 20 laps positioned 
throughout the space. 

3537
03:30:44,300 --> 03:30:47,300
On counters hanging from the 
ceiling. 

3538
03:30:47,300 --> 03:30:50,300
Tucked into Corners, to 
eliminate all Shadows, this 

3539
03:30:50,300 --> 03:30:54,500
abundance of light represents 
significant expense with olive 

3540
03:30:54,500 --> 03:30:57,800
oil consumed by the literature 
each night, but the merchant 

3541
03:30:57,800 --> 03:31:00,100
considers it to Central 
customers. 

3542
03:31:00,100 --> 03:31:01,600
Won't buy what? 
They can't properly. 

3543
03:31:01,600 --> 03:31:05,200
See, and the extended hours more
than compensate for the fuel 

3544
03:31:05,200 --> 03:31:08,400
costs. 
Temple ahead uses light as an 

3545
03:31:08,408 --> 03:31:12,500
element of religious experience 
with hundreds of lamps arranged 

3546
03:31:12,500 --> 03:31:14,900
to create specific effects 
Flames. 

3547
03:31:14,900 --> 03:31:18,900
Reflect off polished marble 
multiply and bronze mirrors, and

3548
03:31:18,900 --> 03:31:22,000
cast Shadows of columns that 
seemed to dance as air. 

3549
03:31:22,000 --> 03:31:25,000
Currents make the Flames. 
Flicker the priest understand 

3550
03:31:25,000 --> 03:31:29,100
like to design intuitively 
positioning lamps to emphasize 

3551
03:31:29,100 --> 03:31:31,400
Divine statues. 
While leaving other areas in 

3552
03:31:31,400 --> 03:31:34,300
mysterious dimness, the 
interplay of the light and 

3553
03:31:34,300 --> 03:31:36,900
Shadow transforms architecture 
into theater. 

3554
03:31:37,900 --> 03:31:41,200
Making the Sacred Space feel 
separate from the mundane World 

3555
03:31:41,200 --> 03:31:45,000
outside at a corner you noticed 
someone refilling Street lamps 

3556
03:31:45,000 --> 03:31:48,200
from a large jug. 
Moving from bracket to bracket 

3557
03:31:48,200 --> 03:31:51,500
with practice efficiency, The 
Lamplighter pours oil through a 

3558
03:31:51,500 --> 03:31:55,400
small funnel careful. 
Not to spill or overfill knowing

3559
03:31:55,400 --> 03:31:58,400
exactly how much each lamp needs
to burn through the night. 

3560
03:31:58,400 --> 03:32:01,800
When one lamp shows a weak 
flame, The Lamplighter adjusts 

3561
03:32:01,800 --> 03:32:04,700
the wick pulling, it slightly 
higher to draw more oil, 

3562
03:32:04,700 --> 03:32:08,900
increasing brightness, this work
continues every evening. 

3563
03:32:08,900 --> 03:32:12,900
A routine is regular sunrise in 
the city. 

3564
03:32:12,900 --> 03:32:15,900
Never returns to the 
vulnerability of total darkness,

3565
03:32:15,900 --> 03:32:19,200
you turn down a residential 
street, where light is more 

3566
03:32:19,200 --> 03:32:23,000
modest, but still present each 
household maintains at least one

3567
03:32:23,000 --> 03:32:26,500
lamp visible from the street. 
A contribution to Collective 

3568
03:32:26,500 --> 03:32:29,900
safety, that custom demands, 
even from the poorest families. 

3569
03:32:29,900 --> 03:32:33,800
Some windows show, the Warm Glow
of multiple lamps, insides 

3570
03:32:33,800 --> 03:32:36,700
suggesting how old's wealthy 
enough for evening activities 

3571
03:32:36,700 --> 03:32:40,300
Beyond sleep. 
Others displaying single Flames,

3572
03:32:40,300 --> 03:32:44,500
sufficient for basic tasks, but 
leaving much of the interior in 

3573
03:32:44,500 --> 03:32:47,700
darkness, you can map the 
neighborhoods economic geography

3574
03:32:47,700 --> 03:32:52,000
by counting visible Flames 
Avenger head spills, like and 

3575
03:32:52,000 --> 03:32:55,200
sound in the street. 
It's doorway bright as midday 

3576
03:32:55,200 --> 03:32:59,200
inside lamps, hang from every 
available beam clustered so 

3577
03:32:59,200 --> 03:33:01,900
dense, League their individual 
Flame's blended into General 

3578
03:33:01,900 --> 03:33:03,900
brilliant's. 
The Tavern keeper. 

3579
03:33:03,900 --> 03:33:07,700
Understands that Darkness 
encourages sleep, while light 

3580
03:33:07,700 --> 03:33:12,500
encourages spending, So the oil 
flows freely, the Wicks burn 

3581
03:33:12,500 --> 03:33:16,500
tall and customers, linger hours
passed, what they originally 

3582
03:33:16,500 --> 03:33:19,400
intended. 
This calculated generosity with 

3583
03:33:19,400 --> 03:33:22,500
lighting costs less than the 
additional Wine and Food sales. 

3584
03:33:22,500 --> 03:33:26,800
It generates Downside Ali, you 
glimpse a different kind of 

3585
03:33:26,800 --> 03:33:31,100
flame, the blue, tinged burn of 
a lamp fueled by something other

3586
03:33:31,100 --> 03:33:34,900
than pure olive oil, lower 
grade, pressings vegetable 

3587
03:33:34,900 --> 03:33:38,600
water, with residual, oil 
content and even fish oil in 

3588
03:33:38,600 --> 03:33:41,300
coastal cities. 
All these find their way into 

3589
03:33:41,300 --> 03:33:45,400
lamps, when pure olive oils cost
exceed, someone's budget, the 

3590
03:33:45,400 --> 03:33:48,200
resulting Flames. 
Burned dirtier producing more 

3591
03:33:48,200 --> 03:33:51,600
smoke and less light, but still 
push back, Darkness more 

3592
03:33:51,600 --> 03:33:53,100
effectively than the no light at
all. 

3593
03:33:54,700 --> 03:33:58,300
You can judge household finances
by the quality of flame visible 

3594
03:33:58,300 --> 03:34:02,000
through Windows, a bathhouse, 
complex ahead glows, like a 

3595
03:34:02,000 --> 03:34:05,800
Beacon Light streaming from high
windows, were steam clouds the 

3596
03:34:05,800 --> 03:34:08,700
glass inside. 
Hundreds of lamps, maintain 

3597
03:34:08,700 --> 03:34:11,800
illumination, even in the 
bathing rooms where moisture and

3598
03:34:11,800 --> 03:34:15,200
heat create challenges for 
maintaining Flames, special 

3599
03:34:15,200 --> 03:34:18,700
lamps with protective covers. 
Keep water from drowning Wix 

3600
03:34:18,700 --> 03:34:22,300
while ventilation systems draw. 
Smoke away before it can 

3601
03:34:22,300 --> 03:34:25,100
accumulate enough to bother 
bathers, the bathhouse 

3602
03:34:25,100 --> 03:34:27,500
advertises its luxury partly 
through this. 

3603
03:34:27,500 --> 03:34:31,200
Profligate use of light if they 
can afford to illuminate even 

3604
03:34:31,200 --> 03:34:35,100
the changing rooms brilliantly. 
Clearly they spare, no expense 

3605
03:34:35,100 --> 03:34:38,600
elsewhere. 
You reach your destination, a 

3606
03:34:38,600 --> 03:34:41,900
friend's apartment on the third 
floor of an insular The building

3607
03:34:41,900 --> 03:34:45,200
stairwell is dark except for a 
single lamp on each Landing, 

3608
03:34:45,200 --> 03:34:48,900
just enough to prevent Falls, 
but requiring careful attention 

3609
03:34:48,900 --> 03:34:52,200
to where you place your feet. 
This minimal lighting represents

3610
03:34:52,200 --> 03:34:55,600
a calculated economy. 
The building's landlord provides

3611
03:34:55,600 --> 03:34:58,800
enough oil for safety, but 
nothing more residents who want 

3612
03:34:58,800 --> 03:35:02,000
brighter, stairwells bring their
own lamps, carrying them up and 

3613
03:35:02,000 --> 03:35:04,200
down, like the portable light 
sources that they are. 

3614
03:35:05,000 --> 03:35:08,200
Inside your friend's apartment, 
several lamps, create a 

3615
03:35:08,208 --> 03:35:11,000
comfortable glow. 
That makes the small space feel 

3616
03:35:11,000 --> 03:35:14,000
welcoming the lamp. 
Sit on a shelf specifically 

3617
03:35:14,000 --> 03:35:16,600
designed for them. 
Positioned to illuminate the 

3618
03:35:16,600 --> 03:35:18,300
room without risk of being 
knocked over. 

3619
03:35:19,200 --> 03:35:23,100
Wix are trimmed short to prevent
smoking and Flames are adjusted 

3620
03:35:23,100 --> 03:35:24,800
to provide light without wasting
oil. 

3621
03:35:24,800 --> 03:35:27,800
Your friend demonstrates a 
technique for making oil. 

3622
03:35:27,800 --> 03:35:31,900
Last longer adding water to the 
lamps base, creating a layer 

3623
03:35:31,900 --> 03:35:35,400
beneath the oil, that the wick 
can't reach as the oil burns 

3624
03:35:35,400 --> 03:35:37,800
down. 
It eventually sits a top water 

3625
03:35:37,800 --> 03:35:40,800
and the Wix stops drawing fuel 
precisely. 

3626
03:35:40,800 --> 03:35:43,200
When the oil is exhausted 
preventing waste. 

3627
03:35:43,200 --> 03:35:46,500
Notice how the Lamplight makes 
everything look slightly gold 

3628
03:35:46,500 --> 03:35:50,600
and skin tones. 
Warmer food more appetizing and 

3629
03:35:50,600 --> 03:35:52,600
the rooms warned Furniture more 
presentable. 

3630
03:35:52,600 --> 03:35:55,900
This is all of oils gift to be 
on Mira illumination. 

3631
03:35:55,900 --> 03:36:00,800
It transforms Vision itself, 
making the Night World gentler 

3632
03:36:00,800 --> 03:36:04,600
than daylight ever appears 
Modern Electric Light will later

3633
03:36:04,600 --> 03:36:08,900
strip away this warmth replacing
it with harsh neutrality, that 

3634
03:36:08,900 --> 03:36:10,900
claims to show things as they 
really are. 

3635
03:36:10,900 --> 03:36:14,000
But people raise by all of oil 
Flames know. 

3636
03:36:14,000 --> 03:36:17,600
The truth reality has always 
been golden at the edges. 

3637
03:36:17,600 --> 03:36:21,500
Warm in the shadows. 
And software Darkness and Light 

3638
03:36:21,500 --> 03:36:25,300
Meat as you eventually leave and
walk home, the city's lights, 

3639
03:36:25,300 --> 03:36:29,300
create a constellation at ground
level each flame a small star 

3640
03:36:29,300 --> 03:36:32,000
burning olive oil. 
Instead of hydrogen the 

3641
03:36:32,000 --> 03:36:34,000
collective brightness is 
sufficient that you can see 

3642
03:36:34,000 --> 03:36:37,700
clouds reflecting the glow. 
The night sky above the city, 

3643
03:36:37,700 --> 03:36:40,800
subtly lighter than the rural 
Darkness beyond the walls. 

3644
03:36:40,800 --> 03:36:45,100
This artificial day extends, 
human activity hours passed what

3645
03:36:45,100 --> 03:36:49,200
nature intended, and all of it 
runs on olives on Groves and 

3646
03:36:49,200 --> 03:36:53,400
presses and jars of golden fuel.
That makes civilization possible

3647
03:36:53,400 --> 03:36:55,900
after Sunset. 
Your watching a physician 

3648
03:36:55,900 --> 03:36:58,900
prepare for treatment in a room 
that smells of herbs and heated 

3649
03:36:58,900 --> 03:37:02,500
all of oil The Physician works 
at a table covered with small 

3650
03:37:02,500 --> 03:37:05,100
ceramic vessels. 
Each containing different 

3651
03:37:05,100 --> 03:37:08,100
preparations. 
Some pure oil others. 

3652
03:37:08,100 --> 03:37:10,600
Infused with plant materials 
whose properties have been 

3653
03:37:10,608 --> 03:37:14,700
observed in catalogued through 
generations, of practice, the 

3654
03:37:14,700 --> 03:37:17,200
doctors hands move with the 
confidence of someone who's 

3655
03:37:17,200 --> 03:37:21,000
performed these preparations. 
Thousands of Times measuring by.

3656
03:37:21,000 --> 03:37:25,000
I adjusting proportions based on
factors that have more to do 

3657
03:37:25,000 --> 03:37:28,000
with intuition than formula. 
A patient sits nearby. 

3658
03:37:28,000 --> 03:37:32,500
An older man, with joint pain 
that worsens each winter, The 

3659
03:37:32,500 --> 03:37:36,000
Physician warms olive oil in a 
shallow bronze pan, held over a 

3660
03:37:36,000 --> 03:37:39,400
small Brazier monitoring 
temperature by testing drops on 

3661
03:37:39,400 --> 03:37:42,800
the back of one hand, when the 
oil reaches the right warmth, 

3662
03:37:42,800 --> 03:37:46,500
hot enough to fill therapeutic, 
but not burning The Physician 

3663
03:37:46,500 --> 03:37:49,700
applies it to the patient's 
knees, working the oil into the 

3664
03:37:49,700 --> 03:37:54,000
skin with firm circular motions.
The patient's expression shifts 

3665
03:37:54,000 --> 03:37:57,800
from discomfort to relief as 
warmth penetrates into joints. 

3666
03:37:58,600 --> 03:38:01,800
The oil carrying heat deeper 
than it would penetrate alone. 

3667
03:38:01,800 --> 03:38:06,600
The masses for perhaps, 20 
minutes, the Physicians hands 

3668
03:38:06,600 --> 03:38:10,300
never pausing, maintaining 
constant contact with skin that 

3669
03:38:10,300 --> 03:38:12,500
gradually pink from increased 
blood flow. 

3670
03:38:12,500 --> 03:38:16,100
More oil gets added as the first
application of absorbs into the 

3671
03:38:16,108 --> 03:38:18,700
skin. 
The physician using far more 

3672
03:38:18,700 --> 03:38:22,200
than you'd expect believe that 
generous amounts work better 

3673
03:38:22,200 --> 03:38:25,400
than conservative applications. 
The excess does not bother 

3674
03:38:25,400 --> 03:38:27,500
anyone. 
What doesn't absorb will be 

3675
03:38:27,508 --> 03:38:30,500
wiped away in the oil will be 
transferred to cloths. 

3676
03:38:30,500 --> 03:38:32,000
That will later be used for 
other purposes. 

3677
03:38:32,000 --> 03:38:35,200
Nothing goes to waste on the 
table. 

3678
03:38:35,200 --> 03:38:38,200
Another preparation weights 
olive oil, infused with 

3679
03:38:38,200 --> 03:38:40,000
chamomile lavender, and 
something else. 

3680
03:38:40,000 --> 03:38:43,100
You don't recognize the 
physician explains that this 

3681
03:38:43,100 --> 03:38:46,200
mixture helps with sleep 
troubles, the herbs properties 

3682
03:38:46,200 --> 03:38:49,700
carried into the body, through 
skin absorption, your skeptical 

3683
03:38:49,700 --> 03:38:53,200
about herbs, affecting sleep, 
through topical application, but

3684
03:38:53,200 --> 03:38:55,900
the physician insist that 
patients report better, rest 

3685
03:38:55,900 --> 03:38:57,800
after evening. 
Massages, with this particular 

3686
03:38:57,800 --> 03:39:01,200
blend, Whether it works through 
absorption or simply because 

3687
03:39:01,200 --> 03:39:04,300
warm oil massage, relaxes 
people, the results seems 

3688
03:39:04,300 --> 03:39:06,900
consistent enough to justify the
preparations. 

3689
03:39:06,900 --> 03:39:10,200
Existence, a younger woman 
arrives with a skin condition. 

3690
03:39:10,200 --> 03:39:14,600
Patches of dry flaking skin on 
her arms that itch constantly. 

3691
03:39:15,600 --> 03:39:18,900
The Physician examines the 
affected areas then reaches for 

3692
03:39:18,900 --> 03:39:22,200
a jar of olive oil, mixed with 
beeswax and something that 

3693
03:39:22,200 --> 03:39:25,700
smells faintly of pine, this 
preparation has the consistency 

3694
03:39:25,700 --> 03:39:29,700
of soft butter. 
Spreading easily but staying 

3695
03:39:29,700 --> 03:39:33,000
where it's applied, rather than 
running off skin, The Physician 

3696
03:39:33,000 --> 03:39:35,300
applies it generously to the 
affected areas. 

3697
03:39:36,100 --> 03:39:39,200
Explaining that the oil softens 
the skin, while the wax creates 

3698
03:39:39,200 --> 03:39:42,300
a barrier that prevents moisture
loss, the pine component 

3699
03:39:42,300 --> 03:39:45,600
collected as resin. 
From local trees helps reduce 

3700
03:39:45,600 --> 03:39:48,500
inflammation through mechanisms.
The Physician doesn't fully 

3701
03:39:48,500 --> 03:39:52,200
understand but as observed 
countless times, you watch The 

3702
03:39:52,200 --> 03:39:54,800
Physician, prepare a wound 
dressing for someone who burned 

3703
03:39:54,800 --> 03:39:58,600
their hand in a cooking fire. 
A clean cloth gets soaked in 

3704
03:39:58,600 --> 03:40:01,200
olive oil and then wrapped 
around the injury after cleaning

3705
03:40:01,200 --> 03:40:03,600
the oil. 
Soaked bandage keeps air from 

3706
03:40:03,608 --> 03:40:07,400
reaching the burn skin, reducing
pain and preventing the wound 

3707
03:40:07,400 --> 03:40:10,100
from drying into hard. 
Scabs that might crack and 

3708
03:40:10,100 --> 03:40:12,500
reopen. 
The Physician changes, the 

3709
03:40:12,500 --> 03:40:15,300
dressing daily. 
Each time applying fresh oil 

3710
03:40:15,300 --> 03:40:18,000
maintaining the wound in a moist
environment that promotes 

3711
03:40:18,000 --> 03:40:21,100
healing modern medicine. 
Will eventually prove this 

3712
03:40:21,100 --> 03:40:24,200
treatment effective though the 
Physicians great great 

3713
03:40:24,200 --> 03:40:27,600
grandchildren won't live long 
enough to see that validation in

3714
03:40:27,600 --> 03:40:30,800
the corner, large storage jars, 
hold olive oil, reserves 

3715
03:40:30,800 --> 03:40:34,900
specifically for medical use, 
not necessarily the finest 

3716
03:40:34,900 --> 03:40:38,700
pressing but clean oil from 
healthy fruit free of the 

3717
03:40:38,700 --> 03:40:40,800
rancidity. 
That develops in poorly stored 

3718
03:40:40,800 --> 03:40:43,500
supplies. 
The Physician checks, the stores

3719
03:40:43,500 --> 03:40:46,900
regularly and showing sufficient
quantity to handle the regular 

3720
03:40:46,900 --> 03:40:49,800
stream of patients. 
Who arrived seeking treatment 

3721
03:40:49,800 --> 03:40:51,800
for ailments ranging from minor 
skin. 

3722
03:40:51,800 --> 03:40:56,100
Irritations to serious injuries 
during epidemic years, oil 

3723
03:40:56,100 --> 03:40:58,500
consumption. 
Creases dramatically as the 

3724
03:40:58,500 --> 03:41:00,500
physician treats more patience 
than usual. 

3725
03:41:01,100 --> 03:41:04,900
Applying oil to Fever hot skin. 
Mixing it with medicines that 

3726
03:41:04,900 --> 03:41:08,500
need a carrier base and using it
to prevent bed sores in patients

3727
03:41:08,500 --> 03:41:13,500
too, weak to move a shelf, holds
specialized tools bronze 

3728
03:41:13,500 --> 03:41:17,400
instruments for scraping oil 
from skin after massages, small 

3729
03:41:17,400 --> 03:41:21,500
cups for mixing preparations 
mortars for grinding herbs, that

3730
03:41:21,500 --> 03:41:25,000
will be infused into oil and 
delicate measuring spoons. 

3731
03:41:25,000 --> 03:41:28,800
That allow precise dosing when 
patients need specific amounts 

3732
03:41:28,800 --> 03:41:32,200
of medicated preparations. 
Each tool shows the wearer of 

3733
03:41:32,208 --> 03:41:35,800
regular use bronzer Services 
Polished by countless cleaning, 

3734
03:41:35,800 --> 03:41:40,200
and ceramic mortars stained from
100s of different herb mixers. 

3735
03:41:40,200 --> 03:41:43,000
This is a working space, not 
decorative. 

3736
03:41:43,000 --> 03:41:46,700
Every item is present because it
serves a practical purpose. 

3737
03:41:47,600 --> 03:41:50,300
The Physician prepares an oil 
mixer for you to take home. 

3738
03:41:51,100 --> 03:41:53,300
Explaining its use for minor 
cuts and scrapes. 

3739
03:41:53,300 --> 03:41:57,700
The base is pure olive oil with 
small amounts of crushed garlic 

3740
03:41:57,700 --> 03:42:01,100
for its antibacterial 
properties, and honey for wound 

3741
03:42:01,100 --> 03:42:03,700
sealing. 
The mix just smells pungent but 

3742
03:42:03,700 --> 03:42:06,500
not unpleasant and the physician
assures. 

3743
03:42:06,500 --> 03:42:09,500
You it prevents the festering 
that turns minor injuries into 

3744
03:42:09,500 --> 03:42:11,600
serious problems. 
You'll use it. 

3745
03:42:11,600 --> 03:42:13,700
Whenever someone in your 
household suffers a cut, 

3746
03:42:13,700 --> 03:42:16,800
applying it twice daily until 
healing completes. 

3747
03:42:16,800 --> 03:42:19,000
The preparation will last 
months. 

3748
03:42:19,000 --> 03:42:22,600
If stored properly, the olive 
oil preventing bacterial growth 

3749
03:42:22,600 --> 03:42:24,700
in the honey, garlic mixture 
through mechanisms. 

3750
03:42:24,700 --> 03:42:29,000
Nobody will understand for 
another 2000 years before 

3751
03:42:29,000 --> 03:42:31,400
leaving. 
You notice the Physicians own 

3752
03:42:31,400 --> 03:42:34,600
hands, smooth, Supple, and 
showing none of the roughness. 

3753
03:42:34,600 --> 03:42:36,100
You'd expect from someone who 
works. 

3754
03:42:36,100 --> 03:42:39,600
Constantly, The Physician 
catches your glance and holds up

3755
03:42:39,600 --> 03:42:43,300
both hands demonstrating skin, 
that seems younger than the face

3756
03:42:43,300 --> 03:42:45,800
of it. 
The secret is simple. 

3757
03:42:45,800 --> 03:42:50,200
Constant contact with olive oil 
hands soaking in it. 

3758
03:42:50,200 --> 03:42:52,000
Daily through the work of 
treating others. 

3759
03:42:52,000 --> 03:42:55,500
The oil penetrate so deeply. 
And so regularly that The 

3760
03:42:55,500 --> 03:42:59,100
Physician Skin maintains 
flexibility that people decades.

3761
03:42:59,100 --> 03:43:01,800
Young might envy. 
It's not occupational benefit 

3762
03:43:01,800 --> 03:43:05,900
unintended but welcomed that 
makes the Physicians hands 

3763
03:43:05,900 --> 03:43:08,300
themselves and advertisement for
oils properties. 

3764
03:43:09,400 --> 03:43:11,200
You head to the public baths 
next. 

3765
03:43:11,200 --> 03:43:14,100
A routine that says as much 
about social connection as 

3766
03:43:14,100 --> 03:43:18,000
hygiene, the bath complex is 
entrance area smells powerfully 

3767
03:43:18,000 --> 03:43:21,000
of olive oil. 
The scent intensified by heat 

3768
03:43:21,000 --> 03:43:24,800
and humidity drifting from the 
bathing rooms Beyond attendance.

3769
03:43:24,800 --> 03:43:27,500
Stand, ready with bronze, 
implements and ceramic vessels 

3770
03:43:27,500 --> 03:43:29,800
prepared to perform the scraping
ritual. 

3771
03:43:29,800 --> 03:43:31,600
That's become Central to bathing
culture. 

3772
03:43:31,600 --> 03:43:35,100
You pass through to the changing
room, storing clothes in a cubby

3773
03:43:35,100 --> 03:43:37,600
while trying to remember which 
number or belongings occupy. 

3774
03:43:38,200 --> 03:43:41,400
The warm room comes first with a
temperature comfortable enough 

3775
03:43:41,400 --> 03:43:44,500
to begin sweating without 
shocking the system, an 

3776
03:43:44,500 --> 03:43:46,900
attendant to approaches with a 
ceramic vessel of olive oil 

3777
03:43:46,900 --> 03:43:50,500
offering to perform the full 
cleansing ritual, you agree. 

3778
03:43:50,500 --> 03:43:53,000
And the attendant begins 
applying oil generously across 

3779
03:43:53,000 --> 03:43:56,300
your skin. 
Arms legs back chest using 

3780
03:43:56,300 --> 03:43:59,500
enough that it runs in small 
rivulets before being spread 

3781
03:43:59,500 --> 03:44:02,300
more evenly. 
The oil sits on skin without 

3782
03:44:02,300 --> 03:44:05,500
immediately absorbing creating a
slick barrier between you and 

3783
03:44:05,508 --> 03:44:08,200
the world. 
The warm rooms heat increases 

3784
03:44:08,200 --> 03:44:11,600
your Skin's temperature. 
Gradually opening pause and 

3785
03:44:11,600 --> 03:44:14,300
encouraging perspiration. 
That mixes with the olive oil 

3786
03:44:14,300 --> 03:44:19,000
coating your body after perhaps 
15 minutes, when sweaters, began

3787
03:44:19,000 --> 03:44:23,800
flowing, freely, the attendant 
returns with astral, a curved 

3788
03:44:23,800 --> 03:44:27,400
bronze Blade with a handle. 
Designed specifically for 

3789
03:44:27,400 --> 03:44:31,400
scraping oil and dirt from skin.
The scraping process looks 

3790
03:44:31,400 --> 03:44:35,700
violent but feel surprisingly 
Pleasant the blade removing oil 

3791
03:44:35,700 --> 03:44:37,600
dead. 
Skin cells sweat. 

3792
03:44:38,400 --> 03:44:41,700
Accumulated Grime and long 
strokes that leave Clean Skin 

3793
03:44:41,700 --> 03:44:44,200
behind. 
You watch the mixture of oil and

3794
03:44:44,200 --> 03:44:46,300
remove material collect at the 
struggles. 

3795
03:44:46,300 --> 03:44:48,900
Edge forming a gray brown 
substance. 

3796
03:44:48,900 --> 03:44:50,700
That's promptly wiped onto a 
cloth. 

3797
03:44:50,700 --> 03:44:53,100
After each pass the attendant 
Works. 

3798
03:44:53,100 --> 03:44:57,100
Methodically covering every 
accessible area, occasionally, 

3799
03:44:57,100 --> 03:45:00,800
adding more oil, where skin 
seems dry the scraping removes 

3800
03:45:00,800 --> 03:45:03,800
far more than you expected 
revealing skin. 

3801
03:45:03,800 --> 03:45:07,400
That looks brighter, feels 
smoother and seems to Glow with 

3802
03:45:07,400 --> 03:45:08,800
health. 
That wasn't visible before. 

3803
03:45:08,800 --> 03:45:13,600
This is cleaning through oil, 
paradoxical using fat, to remove

3804
03:45:13,600 --> 03:45:17,400
fat relying on olive oils, 
ability to dissolve the oils and

3805
03:45:17,400 --> 03:45:19,300
grime. 
That water alone can't touch 

3806
03:45:19,300 --> 03:45:23,500
after the scraping completes a 
rinse with clean water removes. 

3807
03:45:23,500 --> 03:45:27,200
Any remaining oil though, some 
inevitably stays absorbed into 

3808
03:45:27,200 --> 03:45:29,800
skin providing. 
Moisturizing benefits. 

3809
03:45:29,800 --> 03:45:33,100
That will last for days, you 
move through the progressively 

3810
03:45:33,100 --> 03:45:36,600
hotter rooms, then, to the cold 
plunge, the temperature shot, 

3811
03:45:36,600 --> 03:45:38,200
closing pause, that the warm 
rooms. 

3812
03:45:38,400 --> 03:45:42,900
Opened throughout the process. 
Olive oil remains present in 

3813
03:45:42,900 --> 03:45:46,900
lamps, providing light in the 
massage oil and attendant offers

3814
03:45:46,900 --> 03:45:50,000
for an additional fee. 
And in the preparation, people 

3815
03:45:50,000 --> 03:45:53,900
apply to their hair to maintain 
shine, and manageability leaving

3816
03:45:53,900 --> 03:45:56,200
the bars. 
Your skin feels different than 

3817
03:45:56,200 --> 03:46:00,300
when you arrived. 
Softer cleaner and somehow More 

3818
03:46:00,300 --> 03:46:02,500
Alive. 
The olive oil treatment has 

3819
03:46:02,500 --> 03:46:06,200
removed layers of dead cells, 
stimulated circulation, and 

3820
03:46:06,200 --> 03:46:08,900
moisturized deeply enough that 
you won't need any additional 

3821
03:46:08,900 --> 03:46:12,300
treatment for days. 
This bathing ritual, practice, 

3822
03:46:12,300 --> 03:46:14,200
by millions across the Empire. 
Represent. 

3823
03:46:14,200 --> 03:46:18,600
Olive oils role in daily life, A
role so fundamental that 

3824
03:46:18,600 --> 03:46:20,800
imagining bathing without it 
seems impossible. 

3825
03:46:20,800 --> 03:46:24,400
Future Generations will use soap
and will shower under running 

3826
03:46:24,400 --> 03:46:27,400
water, but they'll lose 
something in the process, the 

3827
03:46:27,400 --> 03:46:30,000
ritual, intimacy with oil, 
that's made skin care. 

3828
03:46:30,000 --> 03:46:33,500
A meditative practice, rather 
than a rushed necessity. 

3829
03:46:33,500 --> 03:46:37,300
Your standing on a dock where 
cargo ships arrive from distant 

3830
03:46:37,300 --> 03:46:39,800
ports. 
Their holds filled with trade 

3831
03:46:39,800 --> 03:46:42,700
goods, that represent the 
economic lifeblood of Maritime 

3832
03:46:42,700 --> 03:46:46,900
Commerce, among the crates and 
bundles, one type of container 

3833
03:46:46,900 --> 03:46:51,300
dominates the enfora, clay 
vessel designed specifically for

3834
03:46:51,300 --> 03:46:55,200
transporting olive oil across 
Seas these in four East and 

3835
03:46:55,200 --> 03:46:58,500
taller than a child with pointed
bottoms that make them useless 

3836
03:46:58,500 --> 03:47:02,700
for setting on flat surfaces but
perfect for securing and ship 

3837
03:47:02,700 --> 03:47:06,500
holds their shape has evolved 
over centuries toward maximum 

3838
03:47:06,500 --> 03:47:11,000
efficiency holding approximately
25 liters while remaining light 

3839
03:47:11,000 --> 03:47:14,500
enough for a single person to 
carry when full longshoreman 

3840
03:47:14,500 --> 03:47:18,300
working teams, moving and free 
from ship to dock using 

3841
03:47:18,300 --> 03:47:22,800
technique that minimize breakage
One worker positions himself in 

3842
03:47:22,800 --> 03:47:25,600
the ship's. 
Hold hoisting amp3 to a second 

3843
03:47:25,600 --> 03:47:29,000
worker standing at the rail, who
passes them to a third on the 

3844
03:47:29,008 --> 03:47:32,200
dock, the amphi, never touched 
ground during this transfer 

3845
03:47:32,200 --> 03:47:34,700
always held by someone or 
leaning against something. 

3846
03:47:34,700 --> 03:47:37,700
They're pointed bottoms making 
them tip immediately. 

3847
03:47:37,700 --> 03:47:42,300
If released this instability is 
intentional, it forces careful. 

3848
03:47:42,300 --> 03:47:45,400
Handling reducing the Casual 
roughness, that breaks 

3849
03:47:45,400 --> 03:47:48,500
containers and Spills valuable 
contents. 

3850
03:47:48,500 --> 03:47:52,400
Each M4 are best stamps pressed 
into its clay handles before 

3851
03:47:52,400 --> 03:47:57,400
firing marks, identifying the 
producer, the origin estate, and

3852
03:47:57,400 --> 03:48:01,000
sometimes even the specific year
of pressing, he stamped his 

3853
03:48:01,000 --> 03:48:05,500
quality guarantees reputations 
distilled into small symbols 

3854
03:48:05,500 --> 03:48:08,200
that buyers learn to recognize 
and am four. 

3855
03:48:08,200 --> 03:48:12,200
A stamped with certain marks 
commands premium prices because 

3856
03:48:12,200 --> 03:48:15,900
everyone knows those producers 
Harvest early press carefully 

3857
03:48:15,900 --> 03:48:20,200
and store properly. 
Other stamps indicate bulk oils 

3858
03:48:20,200 --> 03:48:23,000
suitable for lamps or soap 
making rather than direct 

3859
03:48:23,000 --> 03:48:26,700
consumption the entire system 
relies on reputation because 

3860
03:48:26,700 --> 03:48:31,000
there's no way to test oil 
quality before purchasing except

3861
03:48:31,000 --> 03:48:34,100
by trusting the stamps. 
If you watch a merchant 

3862
03:48:34,100 --> 03:48:37,100
examining amp for a just 
unloaded from a ship that 

3863
03:48:37,100 --> 03:48:40,400
arrived from somewhere in 
Greece, the merchant inspects 

3864
03:48:40,400 --> 03:48:43,400
seals on each vessel ensuring 
they haven't been broken during 

3865
03:48:43,400 --> 03:48:46,900
transport checking for cracks in
the clay that might indicate 

3866
03:48:46,900 --> 03:48:50,500
spoilage from seawater 
infiltration, one and four are 

3867
03:48:50,500 --> 03:48:53,700
shows a small crack near the 
bottom and the merchant sets it 

3868
03:48:53,700 --> 03:48:56,900
aside for immediate use knowing 
it won't survive further, 

3869
03:48:56,900 --> 03:49:01,600
transport, or extended storage, 
the oil inside remains good, but

3870
03:49:01,600 --> 03:49:04,700
the container has become a 
liability rather than an asset. 

3871
03:49:05,600 --> 03:49:08,500
Prices fluctuate, based on 
information that flows through 

3872
03:49:08,500 --> 03:49:12,100
the same shiping Lane's as the 
oil itself would arrives that 

3873
03:49:12,100 --> 03:49:15,700
the Harvest in one region, an 
immediately and four from their 

3874
03:49:15,700 --> 03:49:19,200
area become more valuable. 
News of bumper crops elsewhere, 

3875
03:49:19,200 --> 03:49:23,100
suppresses prices for oil from 
successful regions pirates, 

3876
03:49:23,100 --> 03:49:27,200
captured a convoy last month and
the lost cargo creates temporary

3877
03:49:27,200 --> 03:49:31,500
scarcity that drives up values. 
This price in stability means 

3878
03:49:31,500 --> 03:49:33,700
Merchants. 
Who can store oil safely through

3879
03:49:33,700 --> 03:49:36,900
lean periods. 
Make fortunes by selling when 

3880
03:49:36,900 --> 03:49:40,600
Supply Titans in a warehouse 
behind the docks, thousands of 

3881
03:49:40,600 --> 03:49:43,800
Amory standing in organized 
rows, each marked with 

3882
03:49:43,800 --> 03:49:48,100
information about contents, 
origin, and arrival date the 

3883
03:49:48,100 --> 03:49:51,600
warehouse keeper maintains 
careful records knowing exactly.

3884
03:49:51,600 --> 03:49:54,700
Which oils are aging well and 
which should be sold quickly 

3885
03:49:54,700 --> 03:49:58,400
before they turn Rancid. 
Some oils improve with time, 

3886
03:49:58,400 --> 03:50:02,700
developing complexity, that 
young pressing lacks others Peak

3887
03:50:02,700 --> 03:50:04,200
immediately and declines 
steadily. 

3888
03:50:05,000 --> 03:50:07,700
The warehouse Keepers expertise 
lies in understanding these 

3889
03:50:07,700 --> 03:50:11,100
differences in knowing which 
amphi to hold and which to 

3890
03:50:11,100 --> 03:50:15,100
liquidate you follow a convoy of
carts loaded with them for a 

3891
03:50:15,100 --> 03:50:18,900
heading Inland, from the port. 
The carts move slowly drivers 

3892
03:50:18,900 --> 03:50:21,800
careful to avoid jolts, that 
might crack clay vessels. 

3893
03:50:21,800 --> 03:50:26,000
The road itself is surprisingly 
smooth, maintaining trade routes

3894
03:50:26,000 --> 03:50:28,800
benefits everyone. 
So communities along major 

3895
03:50:28,800 --> 03:50:31,900
roads, dedicate substantial 
resources to repairs and 

3896
03:50:31,900 --> 03:50:35,500
improvements without good roads.
And for a transport becomes 

3897
03:50:35,500 --> 03:50:39,200
prohibitively expensive due to 
breakage so Road, quality 

3898
03:50:39,200 --> 03:50:43,400
directly affects olive oil 
prices in Inland markets, At a 

3899
03:50:43,400 --> 03:50:45,900
weigh station. 
You observe the careful process 

3900
03:50:45,900 --> 03:50:48,100
of unloading and free for 
overnight storage. 

3901
03:50:48,100 --> 03:50:51,900
Each vessel gets checked for 
leaks then positioned upright in

3902
03:50:51,900 --> 03:50:55,900
Sandford boxes that hold them 
steady the sand, absorbs any 

3903
03:50:55,900 --> 03:50:58,700
seepage while providing 
cushioning against accidental 

3904
03:50:58,700 --> 03:51:02,200
impacts this attention to detail
throughout the supply chain 

3905
03:51:02,200 --> 03:51:04,300
represents the difference 
between profitable and 

3906
03:51:04,300 --> 03:51:08,000
unprofitable trade Oil that 
reaches markets and good 

3907
03:51:08,000 --> 03:51:12,200
conditions, sells well oil that 
arrives, rancid or leaked away 

3908
03:51:12,200 --> 03:51:15,200
represents pure loss and 
Merchants your traveling. 

3909
03:51:15,200 --> 03:51:19,100
With explains the economics, an 
emperor of Premium oil, cost 

3910
03:51:19,100 --> 03:51:23,000
them 40 dinar at the port. 
Transport inland will cost 

3911
03:51:23,000 --> 03:51:27,100
another 10 if they reach the 
destination city without losses 

3912
03:51:27,100 --> 03:51:32,400
they can sell for 70, denarii a 
healthy but not excessive profit

3913
03:51:32,400 --> 03:51:35,300
that rewards the risk and effort
of moving goods from coast to 

3914
03:51:35,308 --> 03:51:37,800
Interior. 
But if half the amp for a break 

3915
03:51:37,800 --> 03:51:41,300
during transport, the profitable
Venture becomes a disaster. 

3916
03:51:42,300 --> 03:51:45,800
This calculation drives every 
decision about which roads to 

3917
03:51:45,800 --> 03:51:50,200
take how fast to travel and how 
much to pay for Quality carts 

3918
03:51:50,200 --> 03:51:53,500
and experienced drivers. 
We pass a broken amp for her by.

3919
03:51:53,508 --> 03:51:56,200
The roadside is contents long 
since soaked into the Earth, 

3920
03:51:56,200 --> 03:51:59,200
leaving only Pottery shards and 
a dark stain. 

3921
03:51:59,200 --> 03:52:01,800
The merchant points to it as a 
cautionary tale. 

3922
03:52:01,800 --> 03:52:05,400
Someone tried to save money with
cheaper containers or fast to 

3923
03:52:05,400 --> 03:52:06,500
travel. 
And this is the result. 

3924
03:52:06,500 --> 03:52:10,000
The broken m4a, likely 
represented, someone's profit, 

3925
03:52:10,000 --> 03:52:13,400
margin for an entire shipment, 
the Lost enough to make the 

3926
03:52:13,400 --> 03:52:17,100
difference between success and 
failure for a small, Merchants 

3927
03:52:17,100 --> 03:52:20,200
yearly Ventures. 
Had a market in an inland City. 

3928
03:52:20,200 --> 03:52:24,100
You watch the final step of the 
journey and fourie being opened 

3929
03:52:24,100 --> 03:52:27,100
for the first time since sealing
months, earlier at Mediterranean

3930
03:52:27,100 --> 03:52:31,100
Coastal, Estates a merchant 
breaks, the wax, seal carefully 

3931
03:52:31,100 --> 03:52:34,500
then extracts the place stopper,
immediately smelling the 

3932
03:52:34,500 --> 03:52:38,900
contents to verify quality. 
Good oil, smells fruity and 

3933
03:52:38,900 --> 03:52:43,300
fresh despite its Journey. 
Poor oil reeks of rancidity, of 

3934
03:52:43,300 --> 03:52:45,200
oxidation. 
That's turned fats into 

3935
03:52:45,208 --> 03:52:47,400
compounds that tastes as bad as 
they smell. 

3936
03:52:48,400 --> 03:52:51,300
The merchants knows determines 
whether an amphora is contents 

3937
03:52:51,300 --> 03:52:55,000
will be sold as food grade oil 
or diverted to Industrial uses 

3938
03:52:55,000 --> 03:52:58,400
some amphi contain oil. 
That's traveled unbelievable 

3939
03:52:58,400 --> 03:53:02,800
distances from Groves in North 
Africa, from States and Spain. 

3940
03:53:02,800 --> 03:53:06,200
And from Ireland, in the 
Eastern, Mediterranean each 

3941
03:53:06,200 --> 03:53:09,300
Emperor, stamped tells a story 
of climate and soil, and 

3942
03:53:09,300 --> 03:53:11,400
production, methods, specific to
its origin. 

3943
03:53:11,400 --> 03:53:14,500
The diversity of available, in 
large City Markets would have 

3944
03:53:14,508 --> 03:53:16,600
been unimaginable, a few 
Generations early. 

3945
03:53:17,700 --> 03:53:20,800
Before Maritime trade, networks 
integrated, Olive producing 

3946
03:53:20,800 --> 03:53:24,900
regions in to a single economy. 
Now, you can taste oil from a 

3947
03:53:24,908 --> 03:53:28,300
dozen different regions in a 
single afternoon, comparing 

3948
03:53:28,300 --> 03:53:31,400
flavors that reflect tail. 
Where as distinctly as wines 

3949
03:53:31,400 --> 03:53:34,900
were later, demonstrate the 
merchant to open the M4 offers 

3950
03:53:34,900 --> 03:53:38,400
taste to potential buyers, 
pouring small amounts in clay 

3951
03:53:38,400 --> 03:53:41,000
cups. 
People taste thought for me 

3952
03:53:41,000 --> 03:53:44,600
letting the oil coat, their 
mouths paying attention to the 

3953
03:53:44,600 --> 03:53:47,200
finish. 
And after taste, some spit after

3954
03:53:47,200 --> 03:53:50,500
tasting, saving their appetite 
for food rather than consuming 

3955
03:53:50,500 --> 03:53:54,800
oil directly others swallow, 
appreciating oils that are good 

3956
03:53:54,800 --> 03:53:58,600
enough to enjoy By The Spoonful,
the tasting process resembles 

3957
03:53:58,600 --> 03:54:02,600
later wine, cultures for Melody,
With its own vocabulary for 

3958
03:54:02,600 --> 03:54:04,600
describing qualities that 
separate. 

3959
03:54:04,600 --> 03:54:08,400
Excellent from merely adequate. 
You purchase an amphora of oil 

3960
03:54:08,400 --> 03:54:10,900
from somewhere. 
You've never visited trusting 

3961
03:54:10,900 --> 03:54:13,000
the stamps and the merchants 
reputation. 

3962
03:54:13,000 --> 03:54:16,200
The pointed bottom means, you'll
need to find a stand to hold it.

3963
03:54:16,200 --> 03:54:20,300
Upright in your home or sync it 
into sand in a storage room or 

3964
03:54:20,300 --> 03:54:22,700
lay it on its side in a rack 
designed for that purpose. 

3965
03:54:22,700 --> 03:54:26,200
The awkward shape that may 
transport efficient now becomes 

3966
03:54:26,200 --> 03:54:28,800
your problem. 
A puzzle to solve before you can

3967
03:54:28,800 --> 03:54:32,700
access the contents but once 
solved this and 4 will provide 

3968
03:54:32,700 --> 03:54:34,800
oil for your household for weeks
or months. 

3969
03:54:35,800 --> 03:54:39,000
Connection to distant Groves and
foreign hands that press these 

3970
03:54:39,000 --> 03:54:42,400
olives sealed. 
This container and sent it off 

3971
03:54:42,400 --> 03:54:46,100
on a journey that ends in your 
home, your standing in a temple 

3972
03:54:46,100 --> 03:54:49,100
where olive oils roll, 
transcends practical, utility 

3973
03:54:49,100 --> 03:54:52,700
entering the realm of the 
Sacred, the air smells of 

3974
03:54:52,700 --> 03:54:56,700
burning oil from dozens of 
lamps, but also a fragrant oils 

3975
03:54:56,700 --> 03:54:58,500
prepared. 
Specifically, for religious 

3976
03:54:58,500 --> 03:55:03,300
purposes olive oil, infused with
myrrh, frankincense speaker, 

3977
03:55:03,300 --> 03:55:06,200
nard and other precious 
substances, that transform it 

3978
03:55:06,200 --> 03:55:10,900
from cooking fat to Holy 
pointment a priest prepares for 

3979
03:55:10,900 --> 03:55:14,900
evening, rituals checking that 
Eternal Flames still burn that 

3980
03:55:14,900 --> 03:55:18,600
oil reserves remain, sufficient 
and that the sacred objects 

3981
03:55:18,600 --> 03:55:21,800
require anointing have received 
their regular applications. 

3982
03:55:21,800 --> 03:55:26,000
The Eternal Flame occupies the 
Temple Central position burning 

3983
03:55:26,000 --> 03:55:29,600
in a special lamp that's never 
allowed to extinguish this lamp 

3984
03:55:29,600 --> 03:55:32,600
holds the finest. 
Olive oil changed daily to 

3985
03:55:32,600 --> 03:55:36,400
ensure Purity tended by priests 
whose Primary Duty as 

3986
03:55:36,400 --> 03:55:39,300
maintaining its Flame. 
The theological, implications 

3987
03:55:39,300 --> 03:55:43,400
Run, Deep like itself represents
divine presence. 

3988
03:55:43,400 --> 03:55:47,500
And all of oil fuels that 
presents, making it a medium 

3989
03:55:47,500 --> 03:55:49,900
through which the sacred enters 
the physical world. 

3990
03:55:49,900 --> 03:55:53,600
When priests light lamps from 
the Eternal Flame, they're not 

3991
03:55:53,608 --> 03:55:56,800
just providing illumination. 
But propagating, Holiness, 

3992
03:55:56,800 --> 03:56:02,000
Through Fire fed by blessed oil.
A ceremony begins as a family 

3993
03:56:02,008 --> 03:56:04,000
arrives with their infant for 
dedication. 

3994
03:56:04,000 --> 03:56:08,000
Rituals the priest brings out a 
small golden vessel containing 

3995
03:56:08,000 --> 03:56:10,800
anointing oil. 
Olive oil blessed through 

3996
03:56:10,800 --> 03:56:14,100
prayers and mixed with aromatic 
compounds worth more per ounce 

3997
03:56:14,100 --> 03:56:17,400
than gold using a thumb. 
The priest marks, the infant 

3998
03:56:17,400 --> 03:56:20,900
forehead with these small, Cross
of oil, speaking words, that 

3999
03:56:20,900 --> 03:56:23,700
connect this child to 
generations of ancestors who 

4000
03:56:23,700 --> 03:56:28,000
received identical marks, the 
oil sits visibly on the Infant 

4001
03:56:28,000 --> 03:56:32,000
skin slowly absorbing caring 
with it whatever properties. 

4002
03:56:32,000 --> 03:56:35,100
The blessing supposedly 
imparted, you watch, as the 

4003
03:56:35,100 --> 03:56:38,900
priest, anoints other objects, a
new altar cloth a restored 

4004
03:56:38,900 --> 03:56:42,800
section of Temple wall and a 
bronze Shield, dedicated by a 

4005
03:56:42,800 --> 03:56:44,900
successful. 
General each receives oil 

4006
03:56:44,900 --> 03:56:48,500
applied with specific prayers. 
The liquid itself becoming a 

4007
03:56:48,500 --> 03:56:49,700
vehicle for making common 
things. 

4008
03:56:49,700 --> 03:56:52,800
Holy the oil doesn't change 
physically from this treatment, 

4009
03:56:52,800 --> 03:56:55,600
but in every one's 
understanding, it changes 

4010
03:56:55,600 --> 03:57:00,000
essentially becoming something 
more than pressed Olive's even 

4011
03:57:00,000 --> 03:57:04,300
while Remaining exactly that. 
This dual nature simultaneously 

4012
03:57:04,300 --> 03:57:08,300
mundane and sacred makes olive 
oil uniquely suited for 

4013
03:57:08,300 --> 03:57:11,400
religious purposes. 
In a preparation room, you see 

4014
03:57:11,400 --> 03:57:13,100
the process of making sacred 
oil. 

4015
03:57:13,100 --> 03:57:17,200
The base is pure olive oil from 
the first pressing chosen for 

4016
03:57:17,208 --> 03:57:19,900
Quality that reflects the 
importance of its intended. 

4017
03:57:19,900 --> 03:57:24,400
Use to this base, priesthood 
ground, cinnamon, cassia myrrh, 

4018
03:57:24,400 --> 03:57:27,800
and other aromatic plants, 
mixing carefully, while reciting

4019
03:57:27,800 --> 03:57:30,000
prayers meant to infuse. 
The blend with spiritual 

4020
03:57:30,000 --> 03:57:32,500
properties. 
The resulting oil, smells 

4021
03:57:32,500 --> 03:57:35,700
overwhelming complex, unlike 
anything used in daily life, 

4022
03:57:35,700 --> 03:57:40,400
it's cost per liter would feed a
family for months making lavish 

4023
03:57:40,400 --> 03:57:44,100
use of it, a genuine sacrifice 
resources, directed toward 

4024
03:57:44,100 --> 03:57:46,500
Divine purposes, rather than 
human Comfort. 

4025
03:57:46,500 --> 03:57:50,900
A storage room holds amp for a 
sacred oil sealed and marked 

4026
03:57:50,900 --> 03:57:53,900
with symbols indicating their 
consecrated statistics. 

4027
03:57:53,900 --> 03:57:57,600
These oils are never used for 
cooking or lamps or any mundane 

4028
03:57:57,600 --> 03:58:01,200
purpose to do. 
So would be blasphemy a mixing 

4029
03:58:01,200 --> 03:58:03,200
of categories that must remain 
separate. 

4030
03:58:03,900 --> 03:58:07,500
Yet they're still olive oil, 
chemically identical to what 

4031
03:58:07,500 --> 03:58:09,100
Phil's kitchen jars throughout 
the city. 

4032
03:58:09,100 --> 03:58:12,300
The difference exists in 
entirely in human intention and 

4033
03:58:12,300 --> 03:58:14,900
social agreement. 
No tests could distinguish. 

4034
03:58:14,900 --> 03:58:18,800
Sacred from profane oil. 
This fact bothers no one. 

4035
03:58:18,800 --> 03:58:23,000
The distinction feels as real as
the oil itself during a wedding 

4036
03:58:23,000 --> 03:58:26,000
ceremony you watch the priests 
use oil to bless the couple 

4037
03:58:26,000 --> 03:58:28,400
marking their hands with 
fragrant oil. 

4038
03:58:28,400 --> 03:58:31,900
While pronouncing them joined, 
the oils presence in this 

4039
03:58:31,900 --> 03:58:35,800
ceremony isn't decorative, it 
represents Prosperity Divine, 

4040
03:58:35,800 --> 03:58:39,300
favor, and the hope that their 
Union will prove as fruitful as 

4041
03:58:39,300 --> 03:58:43,300
olive trees and as enduring as 
Groves that outlive the humans, 

4042
03:58:43,300 --> 03:58:45,800
who plant them later, the couple
will take home. 

4043
03:58:45,800 --> 03:58:49,100
A small vessel of blessed oil, 
keeping it in their household, 

4044
03:58:49,100 --> 03:58:52,700
as protection and a reminder of 
vows spoken before, Witnesses 

4045
03:58:52,700 --> 03:58:57,100
human, and divine, a funeral 
procession arrives and olive oil

4046
03:58:57,100 --> 03:58:59,000
plays, yet another role in this 
transition. 

4047
03:58:59,900 --> 03:59:03,100
The body has been Anointed with 
oil as part of preparation for 

4048
03:59:03,100 --> 03:59:07,600
burial, the oil preserving the 
flesh while symbolizing care and

4049
03:59:07,600 --> 03:59:11,300
respect for the deceased. 
Oil soaked, cloths wrap the body

4050
03:59:11,300 --> 03:59:14,300
maintaining moisture and 
preventing The Accelerated 

4051
03:59:14,300 --> 03:59:18,000
decomposition that would occur 
in dry are some of these oils 

4052
03:59:18,000 --> 03:59:21,000
are expensive with family 
spending significant portion of 

4053
03:59:21,000 --> 03:59:24,000
the savings, to ensure proper 
treatment of their dead. 

4054
03:59:24,000 --> 03:59:27,800
The smell of aromatic oils mixed
with human death creates an 

4055
03:59:27,800 --> 03:59:31,200
odor, both Pleasant and 
disturbing Beauty, and Decay 

4056
03:59:31,200 --> 03:59:34,800
into mingled, in a private room,
the priest teachers and 

4057
03:59:34,800 --> 03:59:36,600
Associate how to make sacred 
oils. 

4058
03:59:37,300 --> 03:59:39,800
Explaining proportions and 
prayers that must accompany the 

4059
03:59:39,800 --> 03:59:44,100
work this knowledge passes 
through oral tradition, mastered

4060
03:59:44,100 --> 03:59:47,800
to student creating lineages of 
Specialists, who understand both

4061
03:59:47,800 --> 03:59:51,500
the Practical chemistry and 
ritual requirements of sacred 

4062
03:59:51,500 --> 03:59:54,200
oil production. 
The initiate watches carefully, 

4063
03:59:54,200 --> 03:59:57,800
memorizing not just what the 
priest does, but how the 

4064
03:59:57,800 --> 04:00:01,500
specific gestures and words that
supposedly transform mixing into

4065
04:00:01,500 --> 04:00:05,200
blessing years from now, this 
initiate will teach another and 

4066
04:00:05,200 --> 04:00:08,900
the traditional continue olive 
oil, linking Generations, 

4067
04:00:08,900 --> 04:00:10,800
through unbroken chains of 
practice. 

4068
04:00:10,800 --> 04:00:15,000
You notice how much olive oil, 
the temple consumes 100 of 

4069
04:00:15,000 --> 04:00:18,800
liters monthly just for lamps, 
dozens more for anointing and 

4070
04:00:18,800 --> 04:00:23,100
blessing and special reserves 
for major ceremonies maintaining

4071
04:00:23,100 --> 04:00:26,700
this consumption requires 
dedicated Olive Grove's, a state

4072
04:00:26,708 --> 04:00:29,700
that exists solely to supply 
religious institutions. 

4073
04:00:29,700 --> 04:00:33,000
He sacred Groves are managed no 
differently than commercial 

4074
04:00:33,000 --> 04:00:36,000
ones. 
They're pruned harvested and 

4075
04:00:36,000 --> 04:00:38,800
pressed using Identical methods 
yet. 

4076
04:00:38,800 --> 04:00:42,000
Their oil goes directly to 
Temples, never entering normal 

4077
04:00:42,000 --> 04:00:46,100
Commerce, creating a parallel 
economy of divine provision that

4078
04:00:46,100 --> 04:00:48,200
mirrors. 
But never touches the secular 

4079
04:00:48,200 --> 04:00:52,100
oil trade as evening prayers 
conclude resurrect through the 

4080
04:00:52,100 --> 04:00:55,600
temple, lighting additional 
lamps, each flame representing a

4081
04:00:55,600 --> 04:00:59,600
prayer, a hope and a connection 
between worshiper and divine. 

4082
04:01:00,300 --> 04:01:04,300
Practice creates a constellation
of small lights, hundreds of 

4083
04:01:04,308 --> 04:01:07,900
flames, burning olive oil while 
people kneel or stand in prayer.

4084
04:01:07,900 --> 04:01:12,100
The visual effect is powerful 
Darkness pushed back by 

4085
04:01:12,100 --> 04:01:14,500
Collective effort. 
Each lamp an individual 

4086
04:01:14,500 --> 04:01:18,100
contribution to communal 
brightness without olive oil. 

4087
04:01:18,100 --> 04:01:21,300
This display would be impossible
without olive Groves. 

4088
04:01:21,300 --> 04:01:24,000
These temples would stand dark 
and silent. 

4089
04:01:24,800 --> 04:01:27,500
Walking home through Darkness 
held at Bay by oil. 

4090
04:01:27,500 --> 04:01:30,900
Lamps lining the streets. 
You reflect on how completely 

4091
04:01:30,900 --> 04:01:34,100
olive oil has woven itself into 
every aspect of life. 

4092
04:01:34,100 --> 04:01:38,100
It lights, your path, flavors 
your food, heals your injuries 

4093
04:01:38,100 --> 04:01:42,000
cleansers, your body connects 
distant regions through trade 

4094
04:01:42,000 --> 04:01:44,800
and links you to the Divine 
through sacred rituals. 

4095
04:01:44,800 --> 04:01:49,200
No, other substance touches so 
many domains serves so many 

4096
04:01:49,200 --> 04:01:52,500
purposes, and proved so 
essential while remaining. 

4097
04:01:52,500 --> 04:01:56,100
So humble, the Olive Tree 
itself, seems unremarkable, 

4098
04:01:56,100 --> 04:02:00,900
gnarled slow-growing and 
demanding little yet from its 

4099
04:02:00,900 --> 04:02:03,400
fruit flows. 
Civilization's golden thread 

4100
04:02:03,400 --> 04:02:06,200
Binding Together, all the 
separate elements that make 

4101
04:02:06,200 --> 04:02:09,300
human life more than mere 
survival, your standing in a 

4102
04:02:09,308 --> 04:02:12,000
Grove that is witnessed the rise
and fall of entire 

4103
04:02:12,000 --> 04:02:16,500
civilizations, its oldest trees 
planted so long ago, that no 

4104
04:02:16,500 --> 04:02:20,400
records document their Origins. 
He's ancient Olive of the 

4105
04:02:20,400 --> 04:02:24,500
footsteps of people's who spoke 
languages now, lost who worship.

4106
04:02:24,700 --> 04:02:28,300
Gods whose names nobody 
remembers and who built cities 

4107
04:02:28,300 --> 04:02:30,400
that have eroded back into the 
hillside. 

4108
04:02:30,400 --> 04:02:34,500
They once, crowned, the trees 
remain still producing fruit in 

4109
04:02:34,500 --> 04:02:37,100
different to the human dramas 
that have played out beneath 

4110
04:02:37,100 --> 04:02:40,600
their branches, an archaeologist
working nearby explains that 

4111
04:02:40,600 --> 04:02:44,700
Olive pits found in local 
excavations date back 8,000 

4112
04:02:44,700 --> 04:02:46,500
years. 
Meaning people have been 

4113
04:02:46,500 --> 04:02:50,300
harvesting these hillsides since
before Pottery before metal 

4114
04:02:50,300 --> 04:02:54,300
tools and before writing the 
relationship between humans and 

4115
04:02:54,300 --> 04:02:56,400
olives. 
Here, predates civilization 

4116
04:02:56,400 --> 04:03:00,400
itself existing in some form 
through every era of human 

4117
04:03:00,400 --> 04:03:04,000
development, from stone tools, 
to satellite imagery, The 

4118
04:03:04,000 --> 04:03:07,000
Groves, your standing in might 
not be that ancient but they 

4119
04:03:07,000 --> 04:03:10,200
descend from those first 
cultivated trees in an unbroken 

4120
04:03:10,200 --> 04:03:14,700
chain of propagation that spans 
hundreds of generations, you run

4121
04:03:14,700 --> 04:03:17,500
your hand along bark. 
That feels like frozen time, 

4122
04:03:17,500 --> 04:03:21,300
ridges and valleys recording 
Decades of growth in patterns as

4123
04:03:21,300 --> 04:03:25,100
unique as fingerprints. 
This particular tree is old 

4124
04:03:25,100 --> 04:03:27,900
enough, that three people 
linking hands couldn't encircle 

4125
04:03:27,900 --> 04:03:30,200
its trunk. 
Its Hollow interior could 

4126
04:03:30,200 --> 04:03:31,500
shelter. 
Several children during 

4127
04:03:31,500 --> 04:03:35,800
rainstorms yet, it produces 
fruit as reliably as trees a 

4128
04:03:35,800 --> 04:03:39,700
tenth its age, olive trees don't
age like other plants, they 

4129
04:03:39,700 --> 04:03:43,300
don't gradually weaken and die 
but simply grow thicker more 

4130
04:03:43,300 --> 04:03:46,100
nulled and more impossible 
looking while maintaining 

4131
04:03:46,100 --> 04:03:48,400
Vitality. 
That seems to contradict 

4132
04:03:48,400 --> 04:03:52,300
everything you understand about 
mortality, the archaeologists 

4133
04:03:52,300 --> 04:03:54,900
points out ancient stone. 
Terraces built to prevent soil 

4134
04:03:54,900 --> 04:03:58,400
erosion, their construction. 
So solid they still function 

4135
04:03:58,400 --> 04:04:01,900
centuries after the civilization
that built from vanished, these 

4136
04:04:01,900 --> 04:04:05,700
Terraces create level planting 
areas on slope to steep for 

4137
04:04:05,700 --> 04:04:09,300
agriculture, catching rainwater 
and preserving topsoil, that 

4138
04:04:09,300 --> 04:04:11,800
would otherwise wash away during
winter storms. 

4139
04:04:11,800 --> 04:04:14,800
The labor involved in building 
them was enormous. 

4140
04:04:14,800 --> 04:04:19,300
Thousands of hours moving Stones
leveling ground and creating the

4141
04:04:19,300 --> 04:04:22,400
infrastructure necessary for 
Olive cultivation in challenging

4142
04:04:22,400 --> 04:04:24,700
Terrain. 
Yet the investment proved worth.

4143
04:04:24,700 --> 04:04:27,800
While over time frames that 
dwarf, human life spans. 

4144
04:04:27,800 --> 04:04:31,200
You notice evidence of ancient 
pressing operations. 

4145
04:04:31,200 --> 04:04:34,200
Circular depression's carved 
into Bedrock, where, 

4146
04:04:34,200 --> 04:04:37,800
millstone's, once turned 
channels that guided oil, from 

4147
04:04:37,800 --> 04:04:41,300
pressing platforms to collection
vessels and anchoring points for

4148
04:04:41,300 --> 04:04:44,100
press beams. 
These installations function for

4149
04:04:44,100 --> 04:04:46,900
Generations before being 
abandoned when economic 

4150
04:04:46,900 --> 04:04:49,500
conditions, shifted or 
population's declined. 

4151
04:04:50,200 --> 04:04:53,800
Now they're covered with moss 
and leaves slowly eroding. 

4152
04:04:53,800 --> 04:04:57,700
Their purpose obvious only to 
trained observers The Groves, 

4153
04:04:57,700 --> 04:05:01,100
they served continue producing 
indifferent to whether humans 

4154
04:05:01,100 --> 04:05:04,300
still press their fruit or leave
it to fall and wrote climate 

4155
04:05:04,300 --> 04:05:07,300
patterns, recorded in ice cores 
and Lake sediments reveal. 

4156
04:05:07,300 --> 04:05:09,900
That this region has experienced
dramatic changes. 

4157
04:05:09,900 --> 04:05:13,300
During the olive Groves. 
Existence periods of extreme 

4158
04:05:13,300 --> 04:05:15,500
drought should have killed these
trees yet. 

4159
04:05:15,500 --> 04:05:18,700
Somehow they endured their deep 
roots finding moisture. 

4160
04:05:18,700 --> 04:05:21,300
Other plants, could not access 
Invasion. 

4161
04:05:21,300 --> 04:05:25,500
Swept through repeatedly, armies
burning farms and slaughtering 

4162
04:05:25,500 --> 04:05:29,000
populations but olive trees 
survived because their nearly 

4163
04:05:29,000 --> 04:05:32,600
impossible to kill completely. 
Even if trunk and branches 

4164
04:05:32,600 --> 04:05:37,100
burned to Ash Roots, send up New
Growth, rebuilding from below 

4165
04:05:37,100 --> 04:05:39,200
ground. 
With patients, that makes human 

4166
04:05:39,200 --> 04:05:43,000
urgently seem absurd an ancient 
Olive Tree nearby shows. 

4167
04:05:43,000 --> 04:05:46,500
Clear, signs of having been cut 
down then regrowing from the 

4168
04:05:46,500 --> 04:05:49,700
stump creating multiple new 
trunks that fuse together over 

4169
04:05:49,700 --> 04:05:52,200
time. 
The practice of copper sink 

4170
04:05:52,200 --> 04:05:54,300
olives for wood. 
While preserving their root 

4171
04:05:54,300 --> 04:05:57,300
systems allowed Farmers, to 
harvest the trees themselves 

4172
04:05:57,300 --> 04:06:01,600
without ending production. 
The regrown trunks might take 20

4173
04:06:01,600 --> 04:06:04,200
years to begin bearing fruit 
again, but in the olives 

4174
04:06:04,200 --> 04:06:07,500
timeline, 20 years is nothing 
barely worth noticing. 

4175
04:06:07,500 --> 04:06:11,300
This one tree is probably been 
cut and regrown five or six 

4176
04:06:11,300 --> 04:06:15,000
times over its existence. 
Each cycle producing Decades of 

4177
04:06:15,000 --> 04:06:17,400
firewood. 
While the roots waited patiently

4178
04:06:17,400 --> 04:06:21,100
for their chance to rebuild, you
sit beneath a massive Olive and 

4179
04:06:21,108 --> 04:06:25,200
try to imagine the lives its 
witnessed People of sat exactly 

4180
04:06:25,200 --> 04:06:28,800
here for centuries seeking shade
from Mediterranean heat. 

4181
04:06:28,800 --> 04:06:33,400
Perhaps eating olives, from this
very tree children, have climbed

4182
04:06:33,400 --> 04:06:37,100
its branches lovers of carved 
initials into bark that later 

4183
04:06:37,100 --> 04:06:40,600
grew over and obscured their 
declaration's battles. 

4184
04:06:40,600 --> 04:06:44,100
May have raged nearby while the 
tree simply continued its slow 

4185
04:06:44,100 --> 04:06:47,800
cycle of flowering and fruiting 
in different to human violence. 

4186
04:06:47,800 --> 04:06:51,400
The tree is probably lived 
through famines plagues Golden 

4187
04:06:51,400 --> 04:06:54,300
Ages, Dark Ages conquests and 
liberation's. 

4188
04:06:54,900 --> 04:06:56,800
All while doing nothing but 
being a tree. 

4189
04:06:56,800 --> 04:07:00,500
The archaeologists mentioned the
olive trees can effectively live

4190
04:07:00,500 --> 04:07:02,900
forever through a process of 
continuous renewal. 

4191
04:07:03,700 --> 04:07:07,600
As the central trunk ages and 
Hollows, the tree, sends up new 

4192
04:07:07,600 --> 04:07:10,300
shoots from its base. 
These shoots eventually become 

4193
04:07:10,300 --> 04:07:12,200
new trunks. 
While the old one gradually 

4194
04:07:12,200 --> 04:07:15,500
crumbles away. 
The root system remains unbroken

4195
04:07:15,500 --> 04:07:19,200
through this process, meaning 
the trees identity persists, 

4196
04:07:19,200 --> 04:07:22,500
even though none of its above 
ground Parts, might be original.

4197
04:07:22,500 --> 04:07:24,900
Some of the Groves in this 
region may have been 

4198
04:07:24,900 --> 04:07:27,600
continuously alive. 
Since before humans began 

4199
04:07:27,600 --> 04:07:31,200
writing down history, modern 
threats to these ancient Groves 

4200
04:07:31,200 --> 04:07:33,200
come not from the climate or 
diseases. 

4201
04:07:33,200 --> 04:07:36,800
That have always challenged, all
of cultivation but from economic

4202
04:07:36,800 --> 04:07:39,500
changes that make old trees less
valuable than the land. 

4203
04:07:39,500 --> 04:07:43,000
They occupy you've heard of 
developers cutting down thousand

4204
04:07:43,000 --> 04:07:44,600
year old olives to build 
Resorts. 

4205
04:07:44,600 --> 04:07:48,100
The ancient Grove's being 
replaced by crops that produce 

4206
04:07:48,100 --> 04:07:52,100
faster Returns the trees that 
survived every historical 

4207
04:07:52,100 --> 04:07:55,600
catastrophe. 
Now face chainsaws Guided by 

4208
04:07:55,600 --> 04:07:59,800
spreadsheets showing that quick,
profits from destruction exceed,

4209
04:07:59,800 --> 04:08:01,400
the patient income from 
preservation. 

4210
04:08:01,400 --> 04:08:05,200
Yet some growth remain 
protected, recognized as 

4211
04:08:05,200 --> 04:08:08,300
cultural heritage as important 
as ancient buildings or 

4212
04:08:08,300 --> 04:08:11,600
archaeological sites. 
These protected Groves are 

4213
04:08:11,600 --> 04:08:14,800
maintained using traditional 
methods Crest with equipment 

4214
04:08:14,800 --> 04:08:18,000
that would be familiar to 
Farmers from centuries past and 

4215
04:08:18,000 --> 04:08:21,100
producing oil marketed 
specifically as coming from 

4216
04:08:21,100 --> 04:08:24,000
ancient trees. 
Whether the oil actually tastes 

4217
04:08:24,000 --> 04:08:27,400
different is debatable. 
But still has pay premium prices

4218
04:08:27,400 --> 04:08:30,500
for the connection to history 
for fruit from trees that 

4219
04:08:30,500 --> 04:08:31,600
they're great. 
Great great. 

4220
04:08:31,600 --> 04:08:34,600
Great grandparents might have 
harvested walking through these 

4221
04:08:34,600 --> 04:08:37,800
Groves as afternoon like creates
dramatic contrast between 

4222
04:08:37,800 --> 04:08:39,700
illuminated leaves and Deep 
Shadows. 

4223
04:08:39,700 --> 04:08:44,000
You feel a strange temporal 
vertigo, everything around you 

4224
04:08:44,000 --> 04:08:46,400
looks timeless. 
It could be a scene from any 

4225
04:08:46,400 --> 04:08:50,900
Century in the past 2000 years. 
The trees have not changed, the 

4226
04:08:50,900 --> 04:08:54,500
hillside have not changed. 
If you squint slightly, you can 

4227
04:08:54,500 --> 04:08:58,600
imagine yourself in any era, the
present, just another moment in 

4228
04:08:58,600 --> 04:09:02,600
an endless chain of harvests and
pressing that extends, Beyond 

4229
04:09:02,600 --> 04:09:06,000
memory in both directions, the 
archaeological evidence 

4230
04:09:06,000 --> 04:09:08,500
scattered throughout these 
hillsides tells a story of 

4231
04:09:08,500 --> 04:09:10,900
continuous use despite political
chaos. 

4232
04:09:10,900 --> 04:09:14,900
When one Empire collapsed in the
population fled within a 

4233
04:09:14,900 --> 04:09:18,300
generational, two new people. 
Arrived and resumed half of the 

4234
04:09:18,300 --> 04:09:22,300
Grove's, olive trees themselves,
served as a tracked and their 

4235
04:09:22,300 --> 04:09:24,600
presence advertising. 
That this land could support 

4236
04:09:24,600 --> 04:09:28,100
human communities. 
Abandon a grain field and within

4237
04:09:28,100 --> 04:09:30,000
a year, it reverts to Wild 
grasses. 

4238
04:09:30,000 --> 04:09:33,600
But abandoned an Olive Grove and
decades later, it's still there.

4239
04:09:34,400 --> 04:09:37,900
Still producing, still waiting 
for humans to return and resume 

4240
04:09:37,900 --> 04:09:40,500
the partnership. 
You collect a few olives from 

4241
04:09:40,500 --> 04:09:42,300
the ground examining them 
closely. 

4242
04:09:42,300 --> 04:09:45,600
They're the same size and shape 
as the preserved olives 

4243
04:09:45,600 --> 04:09:48,000
archaeologists find in ancient 
shipwrecks. 

4244
04:09:48,000 --> 04:09:51,800
And as the olives depicted in 
frescoes and mosaics from 

4245
04:09:51,800 --> 04:09:56,000
civilizations, that no longer 
exists, the genetic diversity 

4246
04:09:56,000 --> 04:09:59,700
and modern Olive cultivars is 
surprisingly narrow suggesting 

4247
04:09:59,700 --> 04:10:02,800
that most productive trees, 
descend from relatively few 

4248
04:10:02,800 --> 04:10:05,600
ancient parents that 
demonstrated Superior 

4249
04:10:05,600 --> 04:10:08,400
characteristics. 
The olive of your holding might 

4250
04:10:08,400 --> 04:10:10,900
be genetically, nearly identical
to olives that fed. 

4251
04:10:10,900 --> 04:10:14,300
Romans soldiers, Greek, 
philosophers, and Egyptian 

4252
04:10:14,300 --> 04:10:17,700
Traders all the way back to 
whoever first noticed that these

4253
04:10:17,700 --> 04:10:21,100
bitter fruits became delicious 
after proper processing, your 

4254
04:10:21,100 --> 04:10:24,400
standing in a modern 
Supermarket, looking at a shelf 

4255
04:10:24,400 --> 04:10:26,800
displaying dozens of olive oil 
varieties. 

4256
04:10:26,800 --> 04:10:31,800
Each bottle promising, superior 
quality, health benefits, or 

4257
04:10:31,800 --> 04:10:34,200
authentic traditional, the 
bottles are clear. 

4258
04:10:34,400 --> 04:10:37,500
Glass or dark green with their 
elaborate labels depicting 

4259
04:10:37,500 --> 04:10:41,300
Mediterranean scenes. 
Others with minimalist, designs 

4260
04:10:41,300 --> 04:10:45,300
suggesting sophistication Behind
These modern presentations lies 

4261
04:10:45,300 --> 04:10:48,300
the same substance that's 
flavored human civilization for 

4262
04:10:48,300 --> 04:10:51,300
millennia. 
Now, reduced to Consumer Choice 

4263
04:10:51,300 --> 04:10:54,900
among competing Brands, you pick
up a bottle, labeled extra 

4264
04:10:54,900 --> 04:10:58,100
virgin reading the fine print, 
that explains what this 

4265
04:10:58,100 --> 04:11:02,100
designation means. 
The oil inside was cold pressed 

4266
04:11:02,100 --> 04:11:05,900
without heat or chemicals from 
olives harvested at optimal 

4267
04:11:05,900 --> 04:11:09,800
ripeness and processed, within 
hours of picking these 

4268
04:11:09,800 --> 04:11:12,000
requirements. 
Echo practices, develop 

4269
04:11:12,000 --> 04:11:15,200
thousands of years ago when 
presses learned through trial 

4270
04:11:15,200 --> 04:11:18,600
and error, that speed care and 
temperature control, produced 

4271
04:11:18,600 --> 04:11:22,600
Superior oil, The terminology is
modern, but the principles are 

4272
04:11:22,600 --> 04:11:26,200
ancient linking, your kitchen to
those of people who live before 

4273
04:11:26,200 --> 04:11:30,300
philosophy or democracy existed 
the price range across the Shelf

4274
04:11:30,300 --> 04:11:34,000
is staggering some bottles cost 
as much per liter as an ancient 

4275
04:11:34,000 --> 04:11:36,500
worker earned. 
In a week, While others are 

4276
04:11:36,500 --> 04:11:39,600
cheap enough that oil has become
just another commodity, this 

4277
04:11:39,600 --> 04:11:43,200
democratization represents both 
Triumph and loss. 

4278
04:11:44,400 --> 04:11:47,100
More people can afford olive oil
than ever before in history. 

4279
04:11:47,100 --> 04:11:50,400
But the intimate relationship 
between consumers and producers 

4280
04:11:50,400 --> 04:11:53,100
has been severed. 
You don't know which Grove 

4281
04:11:53,100 --> 04:11:57,100
produced this oil, whose hands 
harvested these olives, or how 

4282
04:11:57,100 --> 04:11:59,800
many generations, their family 
has been pressing fruit from 

4283
04:11:59,800 --> 04:12:03,000
these specific trees. 
The cooking show plays on a 

4284
04:12:03,000 --> 04:12:06,500
screen near the checkout. 
Chef drizzling olive oil over 

4285
04:12:06,500 --> 04:12:09,400
vegetables while explaining how 
it's healthier than butter or 

4286
04:12:09,400 --> 04:12:11,900
other fats. 
The health claims are accurate 

4287
04:12:11,900 --> 04:12:15,800
olive, oil does contain 
monounsaturated fats that 

4288
04:12:15,800 --> 04:12:19,900
improve cardiovascular health 
antioxidants, that protect cells

4289
04:12:19,900 --> 04:12:23,300
and compounds that reduce 
inflammation, but ancient 

4290
04:12:23,300 --> 04:12:26,000
peoples who built their Cuisines
around olive oil knew. 

4291
04:12:26,000 --> 04:12:29,300
None of this using it not 
because it was healthy but 

4292
04:12:29,300 --> 04:12:32,700
because it was available 
delicious and versatile. 

4293
04:12:32,700 --> 04:12:36,000
They stumbled into good health, 
through culinary tradition. 

4294
04:12:36,000 --> 04:12:39,500
Their body's benefiting from 
choices, made for entirely 

4295
04:12:39,500 --> 04:12:43,700
different reasons. 
You notice organic options oil 

4296
04:12:43,700 --> 04:12:46,900
from olives grown without 
synthetic, pesticides, or 

4297
04:12:46,900 --> 04:12:49,500
fertilizers. 
This marketing implies that 

4298
04:12:49,500 --> 04:12:51,500
non-organic methods are standing
now. 

4299
04:12:51,500 --> 04:12:55,100
Representing, a fundamental 
shift from traditional Olive 

4300
04:12:55,100 --> 04:12:57,700
cultivation. 
That used no chemicals because 

4301
04:12:57,700 --> 04:13:00,700
they didn't exist. 
The modern organic movement is 

4302
04:13:00,700 --> 04:13:04,000
actually a return to ancient 
practices charging premium 

4303
04:13:04,000 --> 04:13:06,000
prices for What was once 
Universal? 

4304
04:13:06,000 --> 04:13:09,500
The irony seems lost on most 
Shoppers filling their carts 

4305
04:13:09,500 --> 04:13:11,900
without considering the 
historical Arc that brought 

4306
04:13:11,900 --> 04:13:16,400
these bottles to this Shelf. 
At home, you drizzle oil over a 

4307
04:13:16,400 --> 04:13:19,100
salad, the action. 
So casual that you don't pause 

4308
04:13:19,100 --> 04:13:22,200
to think about it yet. 
This simple gesture connects you

4309
04:13:22,208 --> 04:13:25,100
to every cook throughout history
who performed the same motion. 

4310
04:13:26,000 --> 04:13:28,400
The oil catches light streaming 
through your window. 

4311
04:13:28,400 --> 04:13:32,200
Exactly as it caught lamp light 
in ancient kitchens. 

4312
04:13:32,200 --> 04:13:35,700
It Coats the vegetables. 
With the same golden Sheen that 

4313
04:13:35,700 --> 04:13:37,800
made food. 
Look appetizing to people whose 

4314
04:13:37,800 --> 04:13:41,200
names, nobody remembers the 
chemistry of fat, interacting 

4315
04:13:41,200 --> 04:13:42,900
with plants cells hasn't 
changed. 

4316
04:13:42,900 --> 04:13:46,800
Meaning the salad tastes similar
to versions eaten 2000 years 

4317
04:13:46,800 --> 04:13:49,300
ago. 
Your bathroom contains olive oil

4318
04:13:49,300 --> 04:13:53,000
based soaps and cosmetics 
products marketed as natural 

4319
04:13:53,000 --> 04:13:55,000
alternatives to synthetic 
options. 

4320
04:13:55,000 --> 04:13:58,700
Soap itself was invented partly 
to replace the oil scraping 

4321
04:13:58,700 --> 04:14:00,900
method used in ancient baths 
yet. 

4322
04:14:00,900 --> 04:14:03,900
Now, olive oil soap represents a
return to more authentic 

4323
04:14:03,900 --> 04:14:06,600
cleansing. 
The circular motion of hygiene 

4324
04:14:06,600 --> 04:14:09,900
history, suggests that human 
needs are remain constant while 

4325
04:14:09,900 --> 04:14:14,000
Technologies cycle between 
complexity and simplicity, each 

4326
04:14:14,000 --> 04:14:16,700
generation rediscovering 
benefits that previous 

4327
04:14:16,700 --> 04:14:20,800
generations took for granted. 
You like to can handle petroleum

4328
04:14:20,800 --> 04:14:24,600
wax with a cotton wick, creating
a flame without olive oil for 

4329
04:14:24,600 --> 04:14:28,200
the first time in human. 
Tree candles existed in ancient 

4330
04:14:28,200 --> 04:14:30,200
times. 
But oil, lamps, provided most 

4331
04:14:30,200 --> 04:14:33,800
illumination making olive oil, 
the primary medium through which

4332
04:14:33,800 --> 04:14:38,100
people pushed back Darkness. 
The shift from oil to candles to

4333
04:14:38,100 --> 04:14:42,000
gas, to electricity represents 
increasing separation between 

4334
04:14:42,000 --> 04:14:45,500
light and its fuel source. 
Ancient people's understood 

4335
04:14:45,500 --> 04:14:47,800
exactly what burned when they 
lit lamps. 

4336
04:14:47,800 --> 04:14:50,800
You flip a switch without 
thinking about the coal or 

4337
04:14:50,800 --> 04:14:55,200
natural gas or nuclear reaction 
generating your electricity a 

4338
04:14:55,200 --> 04:14:57,900
Mediterranean restaurant. 
Nearby advertisers authentic 

4339
04:14:57,900 --> 04:15:00,800
Cuisine. 
Its menu featuring dishes built 

4340
04:15:00,800 --> 04:15:03,300
around olive oil in ways that 
would be familiar to ancient 

4341
04:15:03,300 --> 04:15:06,200
diners. 
Ingredients are identical, the 

4342
04:15:06,200 --> 04:15:08,400
cooking methods unchanged in 
Essentials. 

4343
04:15:08,400 --> 04:15:10,900
Yet, the context is completely 
different. 

4344
04:15:12,000 --> 04:15:14,700
Ancient people ate these Foods 
because they were local and 

4345
04:15:14,700 --> 04:15:17,700
available not because they were 
exotic or healthy. 

4346
04:15:17,700 --> 04:15:21,800
The restaurant charges premium 
prices for authenticity that 

4347
04:15:21,800 --> 04:15:25,500
used to be called what we have 
transforming necessity into 

4348
04:15:25,500 --> 04:15:29,300
luxury through distance. 
Temporal distance separating us 

4349
04:15:29,300 --> 04:15:30,800
from when these Foods were 
ordinary. 

4350
04:15:30,800 --> 04:15:35,500
You read about olive oil, fraud 
about bottles labeled Italian or

4351
04:15:35,500 --> 04:15:39,600
Greek containing oil from North 
Africa or Spain, and about extra

4352
04:15:39,600 --> 04:15:43,700
virgin designations applied to 
oil, that doesn't meet technical

4353
04:15:43,700 --> 04:15:46,800
requirements. 
These deceptions Echo ancient 

4354
04:15:46,800 --> 04:15:50,900
problems Merchants, have always 
been tempted to dilute expensive

4355
04:15:50,900 --> 04:15:55,100
oil, with cheaper, alternatives 
to misrepresent Origins, and to 

4356
04:15:55,100 --> 04:15:58,200
sell last year's rancid oil. 
As this year's fresh pressing, 

4357
04:15:58,200 --> 04:16:01,400
the amphora stamps that 
guaranteed quality in ancient 

4358
04:16:01,400 --> 04:16:04,800
markets were responses to fraud 
that still exists. 

4359
04:16:05,600 --> 04:16:08,900
Human nature, remaining constant
across Millennia, a news 

4360
04:16:08,900 --> 04:16:11,600
article, discusses, how climate 
change threatens traditional 

4361
04:16:11,600 --> 04:16:15,300
Olive growing regions and how 
Rising temperatures and changing

4362
04:16:15,300 --> 04:16:18,500
rainfall patterns, might shift 
production to areas. 

4363
04:16:18,500 --> 04:16:21,500
That previously couldn't support
Olive's, the trees themselves 

4364
04:16:21,500 --> 04:16:25,000
can adapt, they've survived 
climate changes throughout 

4365
04:16:25,000 --> 04:16:28,300
history, but the cultural 
connection between specific 

4366
04:16:28,300 --> 04:16:32,400
regions and Olive cultivation. 
Might break what happens to 

4367
04:16:32,400 --> 04:16:36,000
Greek course Spanish or Italian 
identity of Olives. 

4368
04:16:36,000 --> 04:16:38,900
No longer Thrive. 
There can traditional persist. 

4369
04:16:38,900 --> 04:16:42,400
When the material basis for 
traditional disappears, you 

4370
04:16:42,400 --> 04:16:45,400
notice how Oliver oil has become
shorthand for healthy eating 

4371
04:16:45,400 --> 04:16:50,000
Mediterranean diet and lifestyle
choices associated with 

4372
04:16:50,000 --> 04:16:54,500
longevity and well-being. 
This Association isn't wrong but

4373
04:16:54,500 --> 04:16:57,900
it's incomplete ancient. 
People who consumed olive oil, 

4374
04:16:57,900 --> 04:17:01,700
daily also died young from 
infections and injuries, modern 

4375
04:17:01,700 --> 04:17:05,200
medicine prevents easily. 
The oil didn't make them healthy

4376
04:17:05,200 --> 04:17:08,600
in any comprehensive sense. 
They simply lacked Alternatives.

4377
04:17:08,600 --> 04:17:12,400
We take for granted separating 
olive oils, actual benefits from

4378
04:17:12,400 --> 04:17:15,300
romanticized, versions of 
Mediterranean life requires 

4379
04:17:15,300 --> 04:17:18,600
care, that marketing, 
departments, rarely provide in 

4380
04:17:18,600 --> 04:17:21,000
your pantry. 
A bottle of olive oil sits next 

4381
04:17:21,000 --> 04:17:23,700
to vegetable oil, canola oil, 
and coconut oil. 

4382
04:17:23,700 --> 04:17:26,100
Each suited for different 
purposes. 

4383
04:17:26,100 --> 04:17:29,900
Different heat tolerance is and 
different flavor profiles. 

4384
04:17:29,900 --> 04:17:33,300
This abundant would astonish 
ancient Cooks who used olive oil

4385
04:17:33,300 --> 04:17:35,900
for everything because it was 
the only fat they had in 

4386
04:17:35,900 --> 04:17:38,700
quantity. 
Modern cooking, specialization 

4387
04:17:38,700 --> 04:17:41,800
this oil for sauteing that one 
for baking and another for 

4388
04:17:41,800 --> 04:17:46,500
salads represents both 
sophistication and loss we've 

4389
04:17:46,500 --> 04:17:49,400
gained options but sacrificed 
the intimate knowledge that 

4390
04:17:49,400 --> 04:17:52,300
comes from using a single 
ingredient in every possible. 

4391
04:17:52,300 --> 04:17:54,800
Way. 
You cook dinner using olive oil,

4392
04:17:54,800 --> 04:17:58,500
clean up with all of oil soap 
and moisturize your hands with 

4393
04:17:58,500 --> 04:18:01,300
olive oil lotion. 
All while electric lights 

4394
04:18:01,300 --> 04:18:05,100
eliminate, any need for oil 
lamps Oil persists in Modern 

4395
04:18:05,100 --> 04:18:09,200
Life, but its role as narrowed 
from essential to optional, from

4396
04:18:09,200 --> 04:18:11,900
Universal. 
To particular, you could survive

4397
04:18:11,900 --> 04:18:15,200
comfortably without it 
substituting other fats, and 

4398
04:18:15,200 --> 04:18:18,000
cooking other products for 
cleaning, and moisturizing, and 

4399
04:18:18,000 --> 04:18:21,800
other sources for illumination. 
This optionality represents, the

4400
04:18:21,800 --> 04:18:25,000
fundamental difference between 
your relationship with olive oil

4401
04:18:25,000 --> 04:18:28,900
and that of people for whom it 
was a replaceable yet walking 

4402
04:18:28,900 --> 04:18:31,800
through the supermarket or 
cooking dinner, you 

4403
04:18:31,800 --> 04:18:34,900
occasionally, feel a strange, 
temporal connection, a sense 

4404
04:18:34,908 --> 04:18:37,800
that you're performing actions 
that link you to an unbroken 

4405
04:18:37,800 --> 04:18:41,200
chain of human activity. 
Stretching Back to Before 

4406
04:18:41,200 --> 04:18:45,200
recorded history, when you 
drizzle, all of oil over food, 

4407
04:18:45,200 --> 04:18:48,100
you're doing exactly what 
countless humans have done in 

4408
04:18:48,108 --> 04:18:49,800
the same way for the same 
reasons. 

4409
04:18:50,700 --> 04:18:53,600
The bottle is different, the 
kitchen is different and the 

4410
04:18:53,600 --> 04:18:57,800
context is different, but the 
action itself is unchanged in 

4411
04:18:57,800 --> 04:19:00,300
this small gesture. 
You briefly touched the Deep 

4412
04:19:00,300 --> 04:19:03,900
passed, performing a ritual. 
So ancient that its Origins 

4413
04:19:03,900 --> 04:19:07,300
predate, the concept of ritual 
itself, the olive trees in 

4414
04:19:07,300 --> 04:19:09,600
distant Grove's, continue their 
patient work. 

4415
04:19:09,600 --> 04:19:14,000
Flowering each spring fruiting 
each Autumn and producing the 

4416
04:19:14,000 --> 04:19:17,100
same gold and liquid. 
That fuels civilizations now 

4417
04:19:17,100 --> 04:19:21,000
studied only by archaeologists 
Some of these trees might be the

4418
04:19:21,000 --> 04:19:23,700
direct descendants. 
Literally through route, 

4419
04:19:23,700 --> 04:19:27,200
propagation of trees, that 
witnessed events recorded in 

4420
04:19:27,200 --> 04:19:29,800
histories. 
You've read, they connect past 

4421
04:19:29,800 --> 04:19:33,400
to present, through living 
continuity, biology preserving, 

4422
04:19:33,400 --> 04:19:38,100
what human memory cannot As long
as those trees survive as long 

4423
04:19:38,100 --> 04:19:41,400
as someone Harvest their fruit 
and presses it into oil, the 

4424
04:19:41,400 --> 04:19:43,500
ancient world isn't entirely 
lost. 

4425
04:19:44,300 --> 04:19:48,800
It flows forward year by year 
Harvest by Harvest, a golden 

4426
04:19:48,800 --> 04:19:59,200
thread that refuses to break. 
Your settling into a story from 

4427
04:19:59,200 --> 04:20:02,200
thousands of years ago, when 
people first began to stay in 

4428
04:20:02,200 --> 04:20:05,000
one place long enough to plant 
seeds and store grain. 

4429
04:20:06,100 --> 04:20:09,500
In those early Villages, warmth 
and shelter, Drew not only 

4430
04:20:09,500 --> 04:20:13,200
people together but also small 
animals who noticed the steady 

4431
04:20:13,200 --> 04:20:15,800
routines and learned that 
nearness could mean safety. 

4432
04:20:17,100 --> 04:20:21,100
This is the story of how cats 
made that choice quietly and on 

4433
04:20:21,100 --> 04:20:24,800
their own terms. 
Awaken a settlement built along 

4434
04:20:24,800 --> 04:20:28,300
a river valley where the soil 
holds water and the sun warms 

4435
04:20:28,300 --> 04:20:32,500
clay Walls by mid-morning. 
The air smells of dust and dry 

4436
04:20:32,500 --> 04:20:34,600
grass. 
People move through, familiar 

4437
04:20:34,600 --> 04:20:38,500
patterns carrying baskets of 
barley, sweeping dirt, floors 

4438
04:20:38,500 --> 04:20:41,900
and stacking bundles of reads 
against low stone walls. 

4439
04:20:42,600 --> 04:20:45,900
Everything happens slowly shaped
by heat and habit. 

4440
04:20:46,600 --> 04:20:51,200
Grain Stores sit in ceramic jars
with flat Lids stacked in shaded

4441
04:20:51,200 --> 04:20:54,900
corners of Courtyards the jars. 
Hold enough to last through 

4442
04:20:54,900 --> 04:20:58,300
Seasons when nothing grows. 
People, check them daily 

4443
04:20:58,300 --> 04:21:01,500
brushing away, insects and 
tilting, the lids to appear 

4444
04:21:01,500 --> 04:21:05,400
inside the grain, shifts with a 
soft whisper when Disturbed 

4445
04:21:05,400 --> 04:21:08,900
mice. 
Notice this abundance, they 

4446
04:21:08,900 --> 04:21:12,500
arrive in the cool hours before 
Dawn slipping through gaps in 

4447
04:21:12,500 --> 04:21:17,500
fences following the center of 
stored seeds, cats noticed, the 

4448
04:21:17,500 --> 04:21:20,600
mice They're moving to the edges
of the settlement without 

4449
04:21:20,600 --> 04:21:23,000
ceremony. 
Stepping lightly along the 

4450
04:21:23,000 --> 04:21:25,200
perimeter where walls meet open 
ground. 

4451
04:21:26,300 --> 04:21:30,000
They do not announce themselves 
if they find places to rest in 

4452
04:21:30,000 --> 04:21:34,100
the shade of overhangs behind 
stacks of clay bricks and under 

4453
04:21:34,100 --> 04:21:35,900
benches where the crown stays 
cool. 

4454
04:21:36,700 --> 04:21:39,500
They watch the movement of 
people and animals, with calm, 

4455
04:21:39,500 --> 04:21:42,000
attention, learning, the rhythm 
of the day. 

4456
04:21:43,300 --> 04:21:45,400
Mornings. 
Begin with the scrap of wooden 

4457
04:21:45,400 --> 04:21:48,400
tools against Stone. 
The rustle of baskets being 

4458
04:21:48,400 --> 04:21:51,900
filled and the low hum of 
voices, discussing tasks. 

4459
04:21:52,800 --> 04:21:56,700
People work steadily pausing to 
drink water from shallow bowls 

4460
04:21:56,700 --> 04:21:59,000
wiping sweat from their 
foreheads. 

4461
04:21:59,500 --> 04:22:01,800
The settlement feels orderly and
predictable. 

4462
04:22:02,800 --> 04:22:06,200
Courtyards. 
Fill with sunlight Shadows 

4463
04:22:06,200 --> 04:22:10,300
shrink toward midday. 
Cats settle into spots where 

4464
04:22:10,300 --> 04:22:14,500
they can see without being seen 
alleged above a doorway, a gap 

4465
04:22:14,500 --> 04:22:18,500
between two storage jars. 
The top of a wall warmed by 

4466
04:22:18,500 --> 04:22:21,800
Morning, Sun. 
They rest with eyes, half closed

4467
04:22:21,800 --> 04:22:25,100
and Tails curled around their 
bodies breathing, slowly. 

4468
04:22:25,900 --> 04:22:29,600
They do not seek attention. 
They simply occupy space that 

4469
04:22:29,600 --> 04:22:33,800
offers both comfort and Vantage.
Children scattered grain for 

4470
04:22:33,808 --> 04:22:37,300
chickens in the courtyard. 
The birds Peck and flutter 

4471
04:22:37,300 --> 04:22:39,800
kicking up, small clouds of 
dust. 

4472
04:22:40,800 --> 04:22:44,600
Cats, watch this activity from a
distance, noting, the movement, 

4473
04:22:44,600 --> 04:22:48,500
the sound, and the predictable 
timing, they learn when the 

4474
04:22:48,500 --> 04:22:51,500
courtyard fills. 
And when it is they learned 

4475
04:22:51,500 --> 04:22:54,300
which paths people take most 
often in which Corners remain 

4476
04:22:54,300 --> 04:22:59,300
undisturbed, By midday the heat 
presses down and movement slows 

4477
04:22:59,300 --> 04:23:03,800
people retreating doors or into 
the deepest shade the settlement

4478
04:23:03,800 --> 04:23:06,800
grows quiet. 
Even the chickens settle into 

4479
04:23:06,800 --> 04:23:09,800
dust baths fluffing, their 
feathers, and closing their 

4480
04:23:09,800 --> 04:23:13,300
eyes. 
Cats remain still conserving 

4481
04:23:13,300 --> 04:23:15,600
energy. 
Letting the hours pass without 

4482
04:23:15,600 --> 04:23:18,900
effort. 
There is no urgency here time 

4483
04:23:18,900 --> 04:23:20,900
moves in Long unhurried 
stretches. 

4484
04:23:21,800 --> 04:23:25,400
Later afternoon, brings a shift 
in temperature, breezes begin to

4485
04:23:25,400 --> 04:23:29,000
move through the spaces between 
buildings, people emerged to 

4486
04:23:29,000 --> 04:23:31,800
continue their work. 
They grind grain with heavy 

4487
04:23:31,800 --> 04:23:34,400
Stones, The Sound rhythmic and 
steady. 

4488
04:23:35,500 --> 04:23:39,600
The Weave mats from reads their 
hands move in practice patterns.

4489
04:23:40,500 --> 04:23:44,500
They meant boss gets repair 
tools and 10, small Fires for 

4490
04:23:44,500 --> 04:23:48,300
evening meals. 
Catch and shift positions 

4491
04:23:48,300 --> 04:23:51,900
following the retreating patches
of sunlight, they groomed 

4492
04:23:51,900 --> 04:23:55,100
themselves with careful 
attention smoothing fur and 

4493
04:23:55,100 --> 04:23:58,700
cleaning pause. 
They yawn widely showing sharp 

4494
04:23:58,700 --> 04:24:02,700
teeth then settle again. 
Their presence becomes part of 

4495
04:24:02,700 --> 04:24:05,600
the landscape, unremarkable and 
accepted. 

4496
04:24:06,400 --> 04:24:09,800
Mice, Venture, outer Shadows, 
length and emboldened by the 

4497
04:24:09,800 --> 04:24:13,100
approaching dusk. 
They move quickly darting from 

4498
04:24:13,100 --> 04:24:15,400
one hiding spot to another 
always alert. 

4499
04:24:16,700 --> 04:24:21,300
Cats track this movement with 
Focus Stillness, bodies low ears

4500
04:24:21,300 --> 04:24:25,800
forward, sometimes they move, 
sometimes they simply watch. 

4501
04:24:27,000 --> 04:24:29,200
Settlement provides more than 
enough opportunity. 

4502
04:24:29,200 --> 04:24:33,300
There is no need to rush. 
People notice the cats and 

4503
04:24:33,300 --> 04:24:36,500
passing? 
Shape on a wall, a flicker of 

4504
04:24:36,508 --> 04:24:40,500
movement in peripheral vision. 
No one reacts with surprise or 

4505
04:24:40,500 --> 04:24:43,800
concern. 
The cats are simply there as the

4506
04:24:43,800 --> 04:24:46,400
chickens are there, as the 
insects are there. 

4507
04:24:47,100 --> 04:24:49,800
They belong to the rhythm of the
place without requiring 

4508
04:24:49,800 --> 04:24:52,700
acknowledgment. 
Evening approaches and the 

4509
04:24:52,700 --> 04:24:55,500
quality of light changes turning
golden and soft. 

4510
04:24:56,400 --> 04:24:58,700
Cooking fires, begin to Glow in 
halves. 

4511
04:24:59,300 --> 04:25:01,700
The smell of baking bread drifts
through the settlement. 

4512
04:25:02,600 --> 04:25:05,600
People gather their doorways 
sitting on low stools, talking 

4513
04:25:05,600 --> 04:25:08,900
quietly as they eat. 
Cats remain at a distance 

4514
04:25:08,900 --> 04:25:12,500
observing. 
They do not approach the fires 

4515
04:25:12,500 --> 04:25:16,500
or the food, they maintain their
own routines independent. 

4516
04:25:16,500 --> 04:25:20,900
But aware as Darkness settles 
the settlement grows quieter 

4517
04:25:20,900 --> 04:25:24,700
still People move indoors, 
fires, burn lower. 

4518
04:25:25,700 --> 04:25:28,500
Sounds of the day Fade Into the 
sounds of night. 

4519
04:25:29,300 --> 04:25:33,200
Distant animal calls the rustle 
of wind through Reeds. 

4520
04:25:33,200 --> 04:25:37,500
And the occasional crack of 
settling would cats navigate 

4521
04:25:37,500 --> 04:25:42,100
this Darkness with ease, their 
eyes catching faint light, their

4522
04:25:42,100 --> 04:25:45,900
movement silent and assured. 
The daily life of the settlement

4523
04:25:45,900 --> 04:25:49,300
continues this way day after day
season off to season. 

4524
04:25:50,500 --> 04:25:53,500
Patterns, repeat. 
Cats, learn them thoroughly. 

4525
04:25:53,500 --> 04:25:57,500
The understand when grain is 
poor when Courtyards are swept 

4526
04:25:57,500 --> 04:26:01,600
when people rest. 
And when they work, This 

4527
04:26:01,600 --> 04:26:04,500
knowledge allows them to exist, 
comfortably within the human 

4528
04:26:04,500 --> 04:26:07,900
world without disrupting it or 
being disrupted by it. 

4529
04:26:09,200 --> 04:26:12,400
The relationship begins not 
through intention but through 

4530
04:26:12,400 --> 04:26:16,600
simple proximity and the gradual
recognition of mutual benefit. 

4531
04:26:17,900 --> 04:26:20,300
You watch as people build and 
repair the structures that 

4532
04:26:20,300 --> 04:26:23,700
Define their lives. 
Walls, rise from mud bricks 

4533
04:26:23,700 --> 04:26:26,200
dried. 
In the sun, stacked carefully, 

4534
04:26:26,200 --> 04:26:29,400
and mortared with clay. 
Roofs are formed from wooden 

4535
04:26:29,400 --> 04:26:32,000
beams, layered with reeds and 
packed Earth. 

4536
04:26:32,600 --> 04:26:36,100
Each structure takes shape 
through repetition lifting 

4537
04:26:36,100 --> 04:26:41,300
placing, smoothing and waiting 
for materials to set and Harden.

4538
04:26:42,100 --> 04:26:45,500
Cats, observe this construction 
from nearby Vantage points. 

4539
04:26:46,300 --> 04:26:49,800
They note the appearance of new 
walls that create Shade New 

4540
04:26:49,800 --> 04:26:53,700
overhangs that block rain a new 
corners that hold warmth. 

4541
04:26:54,500 --> 04:26:58,200
As people work cats test, these 
spaces, stepping carefully onto 

4542
04:26:58,200 --> 04:27:01,200
fresh, surfaces, sniffing it new
materials and deciding which 

4543
04:27:01,200 --> 04:27:04,400
spots suit them. 
A beam positioned at just the 

4544
04:27:04,400 --> 04:27:06,000
right height becomes a resting 
place. 

4545
04:27:06,000 --> 04:27:10,900
A gap between two walls becomes 
a passage the cats adapt to the 

4546
04:27:10,900 --> 04:27:14,000
changing landscape as it. 
Develops people sweep 

4547
04:27:14,000 --> 04:27:17,400
Courtyards, daily using bundles 
of Twigs tied with cord. 

4548
04:27:17,400 --> 04:27:21,400
They pushed dust and debris 
toward the edges, clearing paths

4549
04:27:21,400 --> 04:27:25,100
and Gathering areas. 
This sweeping creates clean Open

4550
04:27:25,100 --> 04:27:28,200
Spaces where movement is easy 
and visibility is clear. 

4551
04:27:29,300 --> 04:27:33,100
Cats move through the swept area
with confidence, their paws 

4552
04:27:33,100 --> 04:27:37,100
finding smooth ground, their 
approach, unhindered by clutter.

4553
04:27:38,200 --> 04:27:41,300
The maintenance of order serves 
both species without either one 

4554
04:27:41,300 --> 04:27:44,900
planning for the other. 
Storage areas require constant 

4555
04:27:44,900 --> 04:27:48,800
attention, baskets need mending.
When reads crack and split. 

4556
04:27:49,400 --> 04:27:52,300
Clay jars, develop hairline 
fractures that must be sealed 

4557
04:27:52,300 --> 04:27:55,700
with fresh clay. 
Wooden Lids warp in the Heat and

4558
04:27:55,700 --> 04:27:59,300
must be replaced. 
People work steadily to keep 

4559
04:27:59,300 --> 04:28:03,200
these containers, functional 
knowing that grain left exposed 

4560
04:28:03,200 --> 04:28:08,300
attracts more than just mice. 
Insects swarm, Birds descend 

4561
04:28:08,300 --> 04:28:12,600
larger animals investigate, the 
effort to maintain sealed 

4562
04:28:12,600 --> 04:28:16,800
storage becomes a daily priority
cats benefit from this Vigilant.

4563
04:28:16,800 --> 04:28:20,800
Sealed storage means constant 
rate of population, of mice, and

4564
04:28:20,800 --> 04:28:25,200
rats drawn to the few accessible
points of Entry the cats, learn 

4565
04:28:25,200 --> 04:28:28,700
these points, They position 
themselves near the bases of 

4566
04:28:28,700 --> 04:28:33,500
storage jars, near the seams of 
woven baskets and near the gaps 

4567
04:28:33,500 --> 04:28:35,400
where wooden platforms meet 
walls. 

4568
04:28:36,400 --> 04:28:39,400
They wait with extraordinary, 
patience bodies. 

4569
04:28:39,400 --> 04:28:43,500
Still breathing slow. 
When movement occurs, they 

4570
04:28:43,500 --> 04:28:47,900
respond with sudden Precision, 
then they settle again waiting 

4571
04:28:47,900 --> 04:28:51,400
for the next opportunity. 
Pathways develop through 

4572
04:28:51,400 --> 04:28:55,100
repeated, use people walk, the 
same routes between buildings 

4573
04:28:55,100 --> 04:28:58,700
between work, areas and water 
sources, and between homes and 

4574
04:28:58,700 --> 04:29:01,200
Fields. 
Their footsteps, where the 

4575
04:29:01,208 --> 04:29:06,100
ground smooth? 
Creating defined Trails cats. 

4576
04:29:06,100 --> 04:29:10,000
Use the same paths finding them 
easier to navigate than rough 

4577
04:29:10,000 --> 04:29:13,600
Terrain. 
Shared Roots become familiar to 

4578
04:29:13,600 --> 04:29:16,400
both marked by Mutual passage 
though. 

4579
04:29:16,400 --> 04:29:20,400
Never by agreement. 
Repairs happen, constantly. 

4580
04:29:21,500 --> 04:29:24,400
Section of wall, crumbles and 
must be rebuilt. 

4581
04:29:25,000 --> 04:29:28,600
A roof develops, a leak and 
requires new layers of thatch. 

4582
04:29:29,100 --> 04:29:31,800
A doorway sags and needs 
reinforcements. 

4583
04:29:32,800 --> 04:29:36,600
People approach these tasks 
methodically Gathering materials

4584
04:29:36,600 --> 04:29:39,900
working in the cooler hours and 
testing their repairs before 

4585
04:29:39,900 --> 04:29:43,600
considering them complete. 
Cats are just to the temporary 

4586
04:29:43,600 --> 04:29:47,800
disruption, moving to adjacent 
spaces watching the work with 

4587
04:29:47,800 --> 04:29:51,600
calm interest and returning once
stability is restored. 

4588
04:29:52,500 --> 04:29:56,600
Courtyards become centers of 
activity, people gather there to

4589
04:29:56,600 --> 04:29:58,400
work on tasks that require 
space. 

4590
04:29:59,300 --> 04:30:03,800
Spreading grain to dry sorting 
harvested crops and preparing 

4591
04:30:03,800 --> 04:30:07,400
materials for building. 
The ground is packed, hard from 

4592
04:30:07,400 --> 04:30:12,300
constant, use low walls, Define 
the edges benches and platforms.

4593
04:30:12,300 --> 04:30:16,700
Provide places to sit and rest. 
Cats navigate the margins of 

4594
04:30:16,708 --> 04:30:20,600
these spaces, staying clear of 
active work but remaining close 

4595
04:30:20,600 --> 04:30:23,300
enough to observe. 
Water channels require 

4596
04:30:23,300 --> 04:30:26,700
maintenance. 
Clay lined, trenches carry water

4597
04:30:26,700 --> 04:30:28,000
from the river to the 
settlement. 

4598
04:30:28,800 --> 04:30:33,400
Sediment accumulates and must be
cleared, cracks develop and need

4599
04:30:33,400 --> 04:30:36,200
patching. 
People weighed into the shallow 

4600
04:30:36,200 --> 04:30:38,300
Channels with tools. 
Scraping away. 

4601
04:30:38,300 --> 04:30:42,700
Build-ups smoothing, surfaces 
and ensuring steady flow Cats 

4602
04:30:42,700 --> 04:30:45,900
watch from the banks, 
occasionally lapping water from 

4603
04:30:45,900 --> 04:30:49,300
the edges, taking advantage of 
the accessible moisture without 

4604
04:30:49,300 --> 04:30:50,600
venturing into the channels 
themselves. 

4605
04:30:51,800 --> 04:30:55,700
Building materials accumulate in
designated areas stacks, of 

4606
04:30:55,700 --> 04:31:00,500
reeds piles of clay bricks 
bundles of wooden poles these 

4607
04:31:00,500 --> 04:31:03,800
collections create sheltered 
nooks and elevated platforms. 

4608
04:31:04,600 --> 04:31:06,600
Cats explore these spaces 
thoroughly. 

4609
04:31:07,400 --> 04:31:10,500
Discovering, which Stacks are 
stable enough to climb which 

4610
04:31:10,500 --> 04:31:14,300
gaps provide shelter from wind 
and which Heights offer the best

4611
04:31:14,300 --> 04:31:17,800
view. 
The unintended architecture of 

4612
04:31:17,800 --> 04:31:20,800
stored materials becomes a 
landscape of opportunity. 

4613
04:31:21,600 --> 04:31:24,700
People build low walls to Define
property and create boundaries. 

4614
04:31:24,700 --> 04:31:28,600
These walls are not high just 
enough to Mark separation and 

4615
04:31:28,600 --> 04:31:32,500
provide modest privacy. 
Cats use the tops of these walls

4616
04:31:32,500 --> 04:31:36,100
as highways moving through the 
settlement with elevation and 

4617
04:31:36,100 --> 04:31:38,900
speed. 
The walls become connective 

4618
04:31:38,900 --> 04:31:41,900
tissue. 
Linking different areas allowing

4619
04:31:41,900 --> 04:31:45,200
cats to travel without 
descending to ground level where

4620
04:31:45,200 --> 04:31:47,600
people and other animals, move 
more densely. 

4621
04:31:48,500 --> 04:31:51,600
Halves are built with care using
stones. 

4622
04:31:51,600 --> 04:31:55,200
That can withstand Heat 
Positioned to allow smoke to 

4623
04:31:55,200 --> 04:31:57,300
rise and Escape through roof 
openings. 

4624
04:31:58,100 --> 04:32:00,400
Ashes accumulate in a removed 
regularly. 

4625
04:32:00,400 --> 04:32:04,300
Carried away to be used in 
gardens or mixed with clay for 

4626
04:32:04,300 --> 04:32:07,200
building. 
Cats avoid active fires, but 

4627
04:32:07,200 --> 04:32:10,500
appreciate the residual, warmth 
of stones, that have held heat 

4628
04:32:10,500 --> 04:32:13,800
through the day. they rest near 
the spots in the evening 

4629
04:32:13,800 --> 04:32:17,800
absorbing warmth as 
temperatures, drop The act of 

4630
04:32:17,800 --> 04:32:20,900
maintaining shared spaces 
creates a rhythm that cats can 

4631
04:32:20,900 --> 04:32:24,800
anticipate. 
Morning sweeping midday repairs 

4632
04:32:24,800 --> 04:32:28,500
evening cooking. 
Each activity signal, something 

4633
04:32:28,500 --> 04:32:31,200
about the state of the 
settlement about where people 

4634
04:32:31,200 --> 04:32:32,600
will be and what they will be 
doing. 

4635
04:32:33,400 --> 04:32:36,900
Cats, do not participate in this
maintenance, but they benefit 

4636
04:32:36,900 --> 04:32:39,600
from its results. 
Clean paths. 

4637
04:32:39,600 --> 04:32:43,800
Stable structures, concentrated 
resources and predictable 

4638
04:32:43,800 --> 04:32:47,200
patterns. 
Shared environment becomes 

4639
04:32:47,200 --> 04:32:51,500
gradually a true shared space. 
You notice the way presence 

4640
04:32:51,500 --> 04:32:54,500
becomes acceptance without ever 
becoming partnership. 

4641
04:32:55,200 --> 04:32:57,200
People and cats occupy the same 
settlement. 

4642
04:32:57,200 --> 04:33:00,900
Moving through the same days 
yet, maintaining separate 

4643
04:33:00,900 --> 04:33:03,300
rhythms that occasionally 
intersect with out Collision. 

4644
04:33:04,400 --> 04:33:08,900
Cat rests on a sunwarmed wall. 
A person walks past, carrying a 

4645
04:33:08,900 --> 04:33:11,300
basket. 
Neither acknowledges, the other 

4646
04:33:11,300 --> 04:33:14,300
directly. 
Person does not stop to observe 

4647
04:33:14,300 --> 04:33:17,000
the cat. 
The cat does not startle or 

4648
04:33:17,000 --> 04:33:19,300
flee. 
Both continue with their own 

4649
04:33:19,300 --> 04:33:22,300
concerns, their proximity 
unremarkable. 

4650
04:33:22,300 --> 04:33:27,000
This happens dozens of times 
each day and accumulation of 

4651
04:33:27,000 --> 04:33:30,300
neutral encounters that builds 
familiarity through sheer 

4652
04:33:30,300 --> 04:33:33,900
repetition. 
Children are the first to show 

4653
04:33:33,900 --> 04:33:37,400
interest, they notice cats more 
readily than adults. 

4654
04:33:37,400 --> 04:33:41,900
Do pointing them out, watching 
them groom or stretch or move 

4655
04:33:41,900 --> 04:33:45,900
along the tops of walls. 
Occasionally, a child reaches 

4656
04:33:45,900 --> 04:33:48,500
out attempting to touch a cat 
that Ventures near. 

4657
04:33:49,400 --> 04:33:53,599
Most cats step away, maintaining
distance unwilling to engage. 

4658
04:33:53,599 --> 04:33:58,300
A few allowed brief contact 
tolerating a gentle hand before 

4659
04:33:58,300 --> 04:34:01,000
moving on. 
The children learn gradually, 

4660
04:34:01,000 --> 04:34:05,099
which cats accept this attention
and which do not no one teaches 

4661
04:34:05,099 --> 04:34:07,800
them this, they learn through 
observation and minor 

4662
04:34:07,800 --> 04:34:11,599
disappointment, adults, focus on
work and allow cats to exist 

4663
04:34:11,599 --> 04:34:15,500
without interference. 
A woman grinding grain notices, 

4664
04:34:15,500 --> 04:34:17,800
a cat sleeping in the shade of 
her workspace. 

4665
04:34:18,599 --> 04:34:22,599
She continues grinding, the 
rhythmic sound unchanging, the 

4666
04:34:22,599 --> 04:34:26,400
cat continues sleeping, 
undisturbed by the noise, they 

4667
04:34:26,400 --> 04:34:30,000
share the space for hours 
without interaction. when the 

4668
04:34:30,000 --> 04:34:33,900
woman finishes and moves away 
the cat remains, when the cat 

4669
04:34:33,900 --> 04:34:37,300
eventually wakes and leaves the 
woman does not notice its 

4670
04:34:37,300 --> 04:34:42,200
absence Tolerance becomes the 
foundation of coexistence people

4671
04:34:42,200 --> 04:34:45,300
tolerate cats in their storage 
areas because the cats reduce 

4672
04:34:45,300 --> 04:34:48,400
vermin. 
Cats, tolerate people because 

4673
04:34:48,400 --> 04:34:51,800
the settlement provides a 
resources and safety, neither 

4674
04:34:51,800 --> 04:34:55,700
species seeks deeper connection.
The relationship remains 

4675
04:34:55,700 --> 04:34:58,300
practical grounded in, mutual 
benefit. 

4676
04:34:58,300 --> 04:35:00,800
That requires no effects or 
loyalty. 

4677
04:35:02,000 --> 04:35:03,800
Some cats become more visible 
than others. 

4678
04:35:03,800 --> 04:35:08,000
A particular individual, might 
use a favorite resting spot in a

4679
04:35:08,000 --> 04:35:10,300
frequently. 
Traveled area becoming a 

4680
04:35:10,300 --> 04:35:13,400
familiar sight. 
People begin to recognize this 

4681
04:35:13,400 --> 04:35:18,000
cat by its markings or behavior.
They do not name it or claim it,

4682
04:35:18,000 --> 04:35:21,400
but they notice when it is 
present and when it is absent, 

4683
04:35:22,200 --> 04:35:26,400
This recognition is passive a 
byproduct of routine rather than

4684
04:35:26,400 --> 04:35:29,800
intention. 
Meals are eaten in Courtyards or

4685
04:35:29,800 --> 04:35:33,099
near doorways, people sit 
together, sharing food from 

4686
04:35:33,099 --> 04:35:36,200
common vessels. 
Small amounts fall to the ground

4687
04:35:36,200 --> 04:35:41,000
crumbs of bread fragments of 
cooked grain bits of dried fish.

4688
04:35:41,800 --> 04:35:45,300
Cats observe from a distance 
waiting until people dispersed 

4689
04:35:45,300 --> 04:35:46,800
before approaching to 
investigate. 

4690
04:35:46,800 --> 04:35:49,800
What remains they eat? 
What interests them. 

4691
04:35:49,800 --> 04:35:53,300
And ignore the rest. 
People do not set food out to 

4692
04:35:53,300 --> 04:35:56,599
deliberately for cats, but they 
do not prevent cats from taking 

4693
04:35:56,599 --> 04:35:58,200
what has been dropped or 
discarded. 

4694
04:35:59,200 --> 04:36:01,500
Seasonal changes affect both 
humans and cats. 

4695
04:36:02,300 --> 04:36:06,000
When rains come people seek 
shelter indoors and cats find 

4696
04:36:06,000 --> 04:36:09,900
dry spaces beneath overhangs or 
inside partially open 

4697
04:36:09,900 --> 04:36:13,099
structures. 
When heating tents of fires, 

4698
04:36:13,099 --> 04:36:17,599
both species, move more slowly 
seeking shade and resting 

4699
04:36:17,599 --> 04:36:21,400
through the hottest hours. 
When cooler weather arrives, 

4700
04:36:21,400 --> 04:36:25,800
both become more active working 
or hunting during longer portion

4701
04:36:25,800 --> 04:36:28,599
of the day. 
The shared response to 

4702
04:36:28,608 --> 04:36:32,000
environmental conditions creates
parallel patterns of behavior. 

4703
04:36:32,800 --> 04:36:36,300
Boundaries develop, naturally 
cats, learn, which buildings are

4704
04:36:36,300 --> 04:36:40,099
occupied and which stand empty. 
They avoid entering active, 

4705
04:36:40,099 --> 04:36:43,900
Living Spaces where people sleep
and gather they prefer storage 

4706
04:36:43,900 --> 04:36:46,300
areas. 
Workshops and Courtyards where 

4707
04:36:46,300 --> 04:36:48,700
human presence is intermittent 
and predictable. 

4708
04:36:49,500 --> 04:36:52,900
People in turn, do not attempt 
to control where cats go or how 

4709
04:36:52,900 --> 04:36:55,900
they spend their time. 
The settlement is large enough 

4710
04:36:55,900 --> 04:36:58,400
to accommodate both without 
crowding or conflict. 

4711
04:36:59,200 --> 04:37:02,000
Illness and injury occur among 
cats as they do among all 

4712
04:37:02,000 --> 04:37:06,200
animals, a cat limp from a 
strained, poor moving more 

4713
04:37:06,200 --> 04:37:08,200
slowly for several days before 
recovering. 

4714
04:37:09,200 --> 04:37:11,700
Cat develops, a wound that 
gradually heals. 

4715
04:37:11,700 --> 04:37:15,700
People noticed these conditions 
in passing, but do not intervene

4716
04:37:15,700 --> 04:37:19,400
cats, manage their health 
resting when needed, and 

4717
04:37:19,400 --> 04:37:22,800
continuing to hunt and explore 
when able There is no 

4718
04:37:22,800 --> 04:37:25,300
expectation of care and no 
provisional of it. 

4719
04:37:26,000 --> 04:37:29,700
New cats arrived, occasionally 
drawn by the same resources that

4720
04:37:29,700 --> 04:37:33,099
sustain the existing population.
These newcomers. 

4721
04:37:33,099 --> 04:37:35,900
Now navigate the social 
landscape of the resident cats, 

4722
04:37:35,900 --> 04:37:39,800
finding their own territories 
and routines people. 

4723
04:37:39,800 --> 04:37:43,200
Observe this process with mild 
interest but do not interfere. 

4724
04:37:43,200 --> 04:37:47,500
The cat population fluctuates 
naturally shaped by available 

4725
04:37:47,500 --> 04:37:50,200
resources and the carrying 
capacity of the settlement 

4726
04:37:50,200 --> 04:37:54,300
rather than by human management.
Some cats leave. 

4727
04:37:54,300 --> 04:37:57,000
They want to be on the 
settlements boundaries and do 

4728
04:37:57,000 --> 04:37:59,900
not return. 
People do not search for them or

4729
04:37:59,900 --> 04:38:02,900
wonder where they have gone, 
other cats appear to replace 

4730
04:38:02,900 --> 04:38:05,400
them and life continues without 
interruption. 

4731
04:38:06,599 --> 04:38:09,800
The fluidity of the cat 
population mirrors, the fluidity

4732
04:38:09,800 --> 04:38:13,000
of human life in the settlement 
where people also come and go 

4733
04:38:13,000 --> 04:38:16,500
arriving from other places or 
departing to establish new 

4734
04:38:16,500 --> 04:38:19,900
homes. 
The coexistence Remains unmarked

4735
04:38:19,900 --> 04:38:23,700
by ceremony or acknowledgment. 
There are no ritual celebrating 

4736
04:38:23,700 --> 04:38:27,200
the presence of cats know 
stories told about particular 

4737
04:38:27,200 --> 04:38:30,300
individuals and no attempts to 
formalize the relationship. 

4738
04:38:31,599 --> 04:38:35,599
Cats and humans simply live near
one, another sharing space and 

4739
04:38:35,599 --> 04:38:38,900
resources in ways that require 
minimal effort from either side.

4740
04:38:39,700 --> 04:38:43,599
This implicitly, this lack of 
complication allows the 

4741
04:38:43,599 --> 04:38:46,599
arrangement to endure without 
strain or expectation. 

4742
04:38:47,500 --> 04:38:50,099
You feel the weight of midday 
heat settling over the 

4743
04:38:50,099 --> 04:38:51,500
settlement, like a thick 
blanket? 

4744
04:38:52,599 --> 04:38:56,500
Movement slows until it nearly 
stops people Retreat. 

4745
04:38:56,500 --> 04:38:59,599
To the coolest spaces. 
They can find sitting in deep 

4746
04:38:59,599 --> 04:39:02,700
shade or lying on Floors inside 
building's. 

4747
04:39:02,700 --> 04:39:07,000
Where walls block the Sun. 
They're breathing deepens their 

4748
04:39:07,000 --> 04:39:11,300
eyes closed. 
Time stretches and softens cats 

4749
04:39:11,300 --> 04:39:14,599
respond to the same heat with 
the same Instinct for Stillness.

4750
04:39:15,400 --> 04:39:19,300
They find their own cool spots 
beneath carts, where air, 

4751
04:39:19,300 --> 04:39:22,200
circulates in the shadow of 
walls that face away from the 

4752
04:39:22,200 --> 04:39:25,000
Sun. 
And on Stone floors inside empty

4753
04:39:25,000 --> 04:39:28,700
storage rooms, where the 
temperature stays even They curl

4754
04:39:28,700 --> 04:39:32,700
into compact shapes or sprawl, 
with legs extended, whatever 

4755
04:39:32,700 --> 04:39:34,400
position offers the most 
comfort. 

4756
04:39:35,099 --> 04:39:37,800
Their body's relaxed completely 
muscles. 

4757
04:39:37,800 --> 04:39:42,000
Loose Tails Motionless. 
The settlement enters a state of

4758
04:39:42,000 --> 04:39:45,400
collective pause even the 
chickens stop, their constant 

4759
04:39:45,400 --> 04:39:48,700
movement settling into Hollows. 
They have scratched in the dirt 

4760
04:39:48,700 --> 04:39:54,500
panting softly with beaks open 
dogs sprawl in the shade tongues

4761
04:39:54,500 --> 04:39:58,200
lolling side's rising and 
falling with each breath. the 

4762
04:39:58,200 --> 04:40:01,400
entire community of creatures 
acknowledges the same need for 

4763
04:40:01,400 --> 04:40:04,700
rest, the same surrender to 
conditions that cannot be 

4764
04:40:04,700 --> 04:40:09,700
changed or hurried, Cats, sleep 
in short Cycles, waking briefly 

4765
04:40:09,700 --> 04:40:12,400
to shift position, or groom 
before settling again. 

4766
04:40:13,300 --> 04:40:15,500
Their sleep is light enough that
they remain aware of their 

4767
04:40:15,500 --> 04:40:19,400
surroundings ears. 
Swiveling towards sounds eyes, 

4768
04:40:19,400 --> 04:40:22,100
opening to slits when something 
moves nearby. 

4769
04:40:23,000 --> 04:40:25,800
They do not dream in ways that 
show outwardly. 

4770
04:40:26,800 --> 04:40:30,200
They simply rest allowing their 
bodies to recover from the 

4771
04:40:30,200 --> 04:40:33,500
energy spent hunting and 
exploring during cooler hours. 

4772
04:40:35,100 --> 04:40:37,000
People wake from their own, rest
more gradually. 

4773
04:40:37,000 --> 04:40:41,000
They sit up slowly, rubbing 
their faces drinking water, from

4774
04:40:41,000 --> 04:40:43,800
clay vessels, and preparing to 
resume work. 

4775
04:40:43,800 --> 04:40:47,300
As the day cools, their 
movements are unhurried still 

4776
04:40:47,300 --> 04:40:48,900
heavy with the remnants of 
sleep. 

4777
04:40:48,900 --> 04:40:52,000
They talk quietly. 
If they talk at all conserving 

4778
04:40:52,000 --> 04:40:55,900
energy for the tasks ahead, 
Later afternoon, brings a shift 

4779
04:40:55,900 --> 04:40:59,400
in energy, Shadows length. 
And the air begins to move. 

4780
04:41:00,100 --> 04:41:03,300
People emerge from building, 
stretching Gathering tools and 

4781
04:41:03,300 --> 04:41:07,800
returning to interrupted work. 
Cats wake to rising from their 

4782
04:41:07,800 --> 04:41:11,800
resting places arching, their 
backs and extending their legs. 

4783
04:41:11,800 --> 04:41:15,600
One at a time, they groomed 
thoroughly attending to every 

4784
04:41:15,600 --> 04:41:17,500
part of their bodies with 
focused care. 

4785
04:41:18,500 --> 04:41:21,200
This grooming marks the 
transition from rest to 

4786
04:41:21,200 --> 04:41:25,500
activity, evening approaches, 
and both humans and cats become 

4787
04:41:25,500 --> 04:41:28,700
more animated. 
People work steadily making 

4788
04:41:28,700 --> 04:41:31,900
progress, while conditions allow
Cats. 

4789
04:41:31,900 --> 04:41:33,700
Begin to move through their 
territories. 

4790
04:41:33,700 --> 04:41:38,500
Checking familiar spots watching
for signs of mice or other small

4791
04:41:38,500 --> 04:41:41,200
animals. 
The settlement fills with 

4792
04:41:41,200 --> 04:41:44,600
purposeful activity. 
Each creature, following its own

4793
04:41:44,600 --> 04:41:47,700
routine. 
As Darkness Falls patterns of 

4794
04:41:47,700 --> 04:41:50,600
rest shift again. 
People gather near Fires for 

4795
04:41:50,600 --> 04:41:54,000
evening meals, then gradually 
dispersed to sleeping areas. 

4796
04:41:54,000 --> 04:41:58,400
They lie down on woven mats or 
simple beds of gathered reads, 

4797
04:41:58,400 --> 04:42:01,500
pulling like coverings over 
themselves as air cools. 

4798
04:42:01,500 --> 04:42:05,500
They're breathing slows 
conversations fade, the 

4799
04:42:05,500 --> 04:42:08,900
settlement quiets. 
Cats remain active longer, 

4800
04:42:08,900 --> 04:42:13,100
navigating Darkness with ease. 
They move through the settlement

4801
04:42:13,100 --> 04:42:16,000
on silent. 
Pause their eyes reflecting any 

4802
04:42:16,000 --> 04:42:19,000
of available light. 
They hunt when opportunity 

4803
04:42:19,000 --> 04:42:21,700
presents itself and rest when it
does not. 

4804
04:42:23,000 --> 04:42:28,100
As the night deepens, they find 
warm spots to settle near Coles 

4805
04:42:28,100 --> 04:42:31,900
still hold heat in corners of 
buildings, where warmth collects

4806
04:42:31,900 --> 04:42:35,300
and next to walls that radiates 
the days absorbed son. 

4807
04:42:36,600 --> 04:42:40,000
Some cats choose to rest miss 
sleeping, human's drawn by 

4808
04:42:40,000 --> 04:42:42,600
warmth. 
The sense of safety that comes 

4809
04:42:42,600 --> 04:42:45,700
from proximity to larger 
creatures who pose no threat. 

4810
04:42:46,700 --> 04:42:49,900
They settle at a respectful 
distance, maintaining their 

4811
04:42:49,900 --> 04:42:52,200
independence even as they share 
space. 

4812
04:42:53,400 --> 04:42:56,500
People sleep unaware of this 
nearness or aware, but 

4813
04:42:56,500 --> 04:43:00,500
unconcerned accepting the cat's 
presence as part of the night, 

4814
04:43:00,500 --> 04:43:03,700
Stillness. 
The rhythm of rest becomes a 

4815
04:43:03,700 --> 04:43:06,400
shared language. 
Both species, understand the 

4816
04:43:06,400 --> 04:43:10,400
necessity of pausing, the value 
of conserving energy and the 

4817
04:43:10,400 --> 04:43:13,700
importance of responding to 
environmental cues that signal 

4818
04:43:13,700 --> 04:43:15,500
went to move and went to be 
still. 

4819
04:43:16,400 --> 04:43:20,500
This understanding requires no 
communication, it exists in the 

4820
04:43:20,500 --> 04:43:23,300
body's wisdom in the instinct to
rest. 

4821
04:43:23,300 --> 04:43:28,000
When rest is needed and to wait,
when conditions improve mornings

4822
04:43:28,000 --> 04:43:31,700
begin with gradual stirring 
people wait to the first light 

4823
04:43:31,700 --> 04:43:35,900
Rising slowly moving quietly. 
So as not to disturb others who 

4824
04:43:35,900 --> 04:43:40,100
still sleep, Cats wake to 
stretching elaborately, your 

4825
04:43:40,100 --> 04:43:43,100
learning and beginning to groom 
before setting out to explore. 

4826
04:43:44,400 --> 04:43:47,100
The settlement transitions from 
night, Stillness to days, 

4827
04:43:47,100 --> 04:43:50,000
activity through a gentle 
progression, that honors. 

4828
04:43:50,000 --> 04:43:53,800
The need for both rest and 
wakefulness. throughout Seasons 

4829
04:43:53,800 --> 04:43:58,200
the specific timing shifts, but 
the pattern remains Summer days 

4830
04:43:58,200 --> 04:44:01,800
bring longer periods of midday 
rest and shorter of periods of 

4831
04:44:01,808 --> 04:44:05,400
activity, winter days. 
Allow more sustained work with 

4832
04:44:05,400 --> 04:44:07,000
less need for heat driven 
pauses. 

4833
04:44:07,900 --> 04:44:10,300
Cats and humans are just their 
rhythms accordingly. 

4834
04:44:10,300 --> 04:44:14,200
Both responding to the same 
environmental pressures and both

4835
04:44:14,200 --> 04:44:16,800
finding balance between effort 
and recuperation. 

4836
04:44:17,900 --> 04:44:21,300
Rest becomes a form of 
coexistence as meaningful as any

4837
04:44:21,300 --> 04:44:23,500
other. 
In the shared need for 

4838
04:44:23,500 --> 04:44:26,800
Stillness, in the parallel 
patterns of sleep, and waking 

4839
04:44:26,800 --> 04:44:30,700
humans and cats, find common 
ground that requires no 

4840
04:44:30,700 --> 04:44:34,100
negotiation. 
This simply rest when rest is 

4841
04:44:34,100 --> 04:44:39,100
needed side by side in the same 
settlement under the same Sun, 

4842
04:44:39,100 --> 04:44:41,200
part of the same Rhythm that 
governs. 

4843
04:44:41,200 --> 04:44:43,800
All life. 
You observe how nourishment 

4844
04:44:43,800 --> 04:44:46,500
shapes the daily patterns of 
both humans and cats? 

4845
04:44:46,500 --> 04:44:49,900
Food is not abundant but it is 
reliable. 

4846
04:44:49,900 --> 04:44:54,000
The settlement stores, hold 
grain, harvested, from nearby 

4847
04:44:54,000 --> 04:44:58,100
Fields, people portions grain 
carefully, grinding it as 

4848
04:44:58,100 --> 04:45:01,300
needed, baking it into bread and
cooking it into simple 

4849
04:45:01,300 --> 04:45:03,600
porridges. 
The work of preparing. 

4850
04:45:03,600 --> 04:45:07,400
Food happens daily, creating 
regular, scraps and spillage. 

4851
04:45:08,200 --> 04:45:10,900
Grain scattered during 
processing a tracked mice. 

4852
04:45:10,900 --> 04:45:13,800
They emerge at dawn and dusk 
moving quickly. 

4853
04:45:13,800 --> 04:45:17,800
Through Shadows Gathering fallen
and seeds and retreating to 

4854
04:45:17,800 --> 04:45:20,100
Hidden Burrows between the 
settlements walls. 

4855
04:45:21,100 --> 04:45:24,400
The presence is constant 
sustained by the same resources 

4856
04:45:24,400 --> 04:45:28,600
that feed the human population. 
The mice Thrive, wherever grain 

4857
04:45:28,600 --> 04:45:31,900
is stored or handled. 
Cat's position themselves near 

4858
04:45:31,900 --> 04:45:35,500
these areas of activity, they 
learn the locations where grain 

4859
04:45:35,500 --> 04:45:40,000
is most often spilled near 
grinding, Stones around storage 

4860
04:45:40,000 --> 04:45:43,600
jars and in Corners where 
baskets are emptied and filled. 

4861
04:45:44,400 --> 04:45:47,300
They wait with focused patients,
bodies low eyes. 

4862
04:45:47,300 --> 04:45:49,600
Fixed on Spaces where Miser 
likely to appear. 

4863
04:45:50,400 --> 04:45:53,600
Sometimes they wait for hours. 
Sometimes they wait through 

4864
04:45:53,600 --> 04:45:57,100
entire days, they're willingness
to remain still makes their 

4865
04:45:57,100 --> 04:46:00,600
hunting possible when a cat 
catches a mouse, it does so 

4866
04:46:00,600 --> 04:46:03,300
quickly. 
There is a brief moment of 

4867
04:46:03,300 --> 04:46:05,700
sudden movement, then Stillness 
again. 

4868
04:46:06,600 --> 04:46:10,100
The cat carries its catch to a 
quiet spot consumes it 

4869
04:46:10,100 --> 04:46:12,200
efficiently and returns to 
waiting. 

4870
04:46:14,000 --> 04:46:17,200
His pattern repeats throughout 
the day and night, providing the

4871
04:46:17,200 --> 04:46:19,800
cat with the regular meals with 
without requiring human 

4872
04:46:19,800 --> 04:46:23,400
intervention or provision. 
People prepare food Outdoors. 

4873
04:46:23,400 --> 04:46:26,900
When weather permits working in 
Courtyards were smoke from 

4874
04:46:26,900 --> 04:46:30,600
cooking fires can disperse. 
They got fish caught from the 

4875
04:46:30,600 --> 04:46:33,100
river trimming away Parts. 
They do not eat. 

4876
04:46:33,800 --> 04:46:36,400
They pluck birds, discarding 
feathers and awful. 

4877
04:46:36,400 --> 04:46:41,200
They shall nuts and legumes 
leaving husks and piles these 

4878
04:46:41,200 --> 04:46:45,000
by-products accumulate in 
designated areas and a later 

4879
04:46:45,000 --> 04:46:46,800
carried away to be buried or 
burned. 

4880
04:46:47,600 --> 04:46:51,500
Before these scraps are cleared 
cats investigate them, they are 

4881
04:46:51,508 --> 04:46:53,900
drawn by the smell of fishing 
trails and the sight of 

4882
04:46:53,900 --> 04:46:57,200
discarded meat. 
They approached cautiously aware

4883
04:46:57,200 --> 04:47:00,600
that people are nearby ready to 
retreat of necessary. 

4884
04:47:01,600 --> 04:47:05,500
Most often people ignore the 
cats, sometimes a person, waves,

4885
04:47:05,500 --> 04:47:07,900
a hand. 
Sure cat away from fresh scraps.

4886
04:47:07,900 --> 04:47:11,900
They still intend to use the cat
moves back, a short distance and

4887
04:47:11,900 --> 04:47:14,400
waits. 
When the person finishes and 

4888
04:47:14,400 --> 04:47:18,000
walks away the cat returns 
certain foods, interest cats, 

4889
04:47:18,000 --> 04:47:21,200
more than others raw fish, hold 
strong appeal. 

4890
04:47:21,200 --> 04:47:25,400
So do the organs and Bones of 
birds cats, show little 

4891
04:47:25,400 --> 04:47:28,400
interesting grain or bread, 
though, they occasionally sniff 

4892
04:47:28,400 --> 04:47:30,100
at these items before turning 
away. 

4893
04:47:31,000 --> 04:47:34,600
Their diet remains primarily 
meet obtained through hunting or

4894
04:47:34,600 --> 04:47:37,700
Scavenging shaped by their own 
preferences and instincts. 

4895
04:47:38,500 --> 04:47:41,600
Opportunity appears in Cycles 
tied to human activity. 

4896
04:47:42,200 --> 04:47:44,900
Morning food, preparation 
creates one set of possibilities

4897
04:47:44,900 --> 04:47:48,800
evening, meals. 
Create another Seasonal harvests

4898
04:47:48,800 --> 04:47:51,200
spring temporary, abundance. 
When grain is threshed, and 

4899
04:47:51,208 --> 04:47:54,900
winnowed sending up clouds of 
chaff and scattering seeds. 

4900
04:47:54,900 --> 04:47:59,200
Widely cats, do not eat this 
grain that they hunt the mice 

4901
04:47:59,200 --> 04:48:03,100
drawn to, it benefiting indirect
from the Harvest plenty. 

4902
04:48:04,000 --> 04:48:06,200
Water is available in the 
settlements channels and 

4903
04:48:06,200 --> 04:48:10,100
collection vessels cats drink 
from the sources when they are 

4904
04:48:10,100 --> 04:48:12,700
thirsty. 
Lapping from the edges of clay 

4905
04:48:12,700 --> 04:48:15,500
bowls or from shallow portions 
of the water channels. 

4906
04:48:16,400 --> 04:48:19,900
People do not prevent this water
flows, steadily enough that 

4907
04:48:19,900 --> 04:48:21,100
sharing it cost. 
Nothing. 

4908
04:48:22,000 --> 04:48:25,300
Some cats, prove more skilled at
hunting than others, a 

4909
04:48:25,300 --> 04:48:27,900
particularly Adept cat. 
Might catch several mice in a 

4910
04:48:27,900 --> 04:48:30,500
day eating what it needs and 
leaving the rest. 

4911
04:48:31,400 --> 04:48:34,300
Other cats hunt, less 
successfully going longer 

4912
04:48:34,300 --> 04:48:37,500
between meals appearing, thin 
and sharp bones. 

4913
04:48:38,800 --> 04:48:41,600
The settlement supports a 
population of cats roughly 

4914
04:48:41,600 --> 04:48:45,400
proportional to the available 
prey with natural fluctuations, 

4915
04:48:45,400 --> 04:48:47,700
that balance of availability 
against need. 

4916
04:48:48,800 --> 04:48:52,700
Birds nest in the settlement 
structures, tucking nests into 

4917
04:48:52,700 --> 04:48:56,600
crevices and overhangs these 
nests sometimes, hold eggs, or 

4918
04:48:56,600 --> 04:48:59,700
fledgling's. 
Cats, occasionally discover and 

4919
04:48:59,700 --> 04:49:02,800
raid these nests climbing to 
reach them and consuming the 

4920
04:49:02,800 --> 04:49:06,600
contents quickly. 
People do not intervene birds 

4921
04:49:06,600 --> 04:49:08,400
are not domesticated or 
protected. 

4922
04:49:08,400 --> 04:49:12,300
Their losses to cats are simply 
part of the ecosystem cats. 

4923
04:49:12,300 --> 04:49:15,300
Do not beg for food. 
They do not approach people with

4924
04:49:15,300 --> 04:49:18,600
expectation or demand, their 
entire relationship, with 

4925
04:49:18,600 --> 04:49:22,500
nourishment remains independent 
based on their own efforts and 

4926
04:49:22,500 --> 04:49:25,500
the incidental Bounty created by
human activity. 

4927
04:49:26,500 --> 04:49:29,100
This Independence, preserves the
essential nature of the 

4928
04:49:29,100 --> 04:49:32,800
relationship cats, choose to 
stay because staying offers 

4929
04:49:32,800 --> 04:49:36,100
Advantage, not because they 
depend on human generosity. 

4930
04:49:37,400 --> 04:49:41,900
Lean times affect both species. 
And harvest fail or stalls, run 

4931
04:49:41,900 --> 04:49:44,400
low people. 
Rational, grain more carefully 

4932
04:49:44,400 --> 04:49:48,800
reducing spillage and guarding 
resources more closely Fewer 

4933
04:49:48,800 --> 04:49:52,300
scraps appear. 
Mice population's declined, with

4934
04:49:52,308 --> 04:49:55,400
less available food. 
Cats, find hunting more 

4935
04:49:55,400 --> 04:49:58,000
difficult. 
Some leave the settlement to 

4936
04:49:58,000 --> 04:49:59,600
search for opportunities 
elsewhere. 

4937
04:50:00,500 --> 04:50:04,300
Others persist growing, thinner 
moving more carefully and 

4938
04:50:04,300 --> 04:50:08,500
conserving energy. 
When conditions improve the cat 

4939
04:50:08,500 --> 04:50:12,500
population, gradually, recovers 
the food relationship remains 

4940
04:50:12,500 --> 04:50:14,300
transactional, but not 
contractual. 

4941
04:50:15,100 --> 04:50:18,000
Humans, create conditions that 
produce prey and occasional 

4942
04:50:18,000 --> 04:50:21,400
scraps? 
Cats, reduce Vermin and ask for 

4943
04:50:21,400 --> 04:50:24,300
nothing else. 
Both sides benefit from this 

4944
04:50:24,300 --> 04:50:26,200
Arrangement without obligation 
or expectation. 

4945
04:50:27,300 --> 04:50:31,000
Food provides the Practical 
foundation for coexistence, but 

4946
04:50:31,000 --> 04:50:33,300
it does not create dependency or
sentiment. 

4947
04:50:34,100 --> 04:50:38,300
Cats remain free to leave if 
resources disappear, they stay 

4948
04:50:38,300 --> 04:50:41,200
because most of the time, 
resources continue to appear 

4949
04:50:41,200 --> 04:50:45,200
with reliable regularity. 
You watch as the sun descends 

4950
04:50:45,200 --> 04:50:48,300
toward the Horizon, painting the
settlement, in amber light. 

4951
04:50:49,000 --> 04:50:52,700
The heat of the day. 
Gradually releases its grit air 

4952
04:50:52,700 --> 04:50:56,000
begins to move more freely 
carrying the scent of cooking 

4953
04:50:56,000 --> 04:50:59,900
fires and distant fields. 
People's movements shift from 

4954
04:50:59,900 --> 04:51:03,600
the focused intense of afternoon
work to the gentler rhythms of 

4955
04:51:03,600 --> 04:51:07,500
evening preparation. 
Fires a little in halves and 

4956
04:51:07,500 --> 04:51:10,100
outdoor pits. 
Women and men ten. 

4957
04:51:10,100 --> 04:51:12,600
These Flames adding would 
carefully. 

4958
04:51:12,600 --> 04:51:16,100
Adjusting the size of the fire 
to match the need for cooking? 

4959
04:51:17,200 --> 04:51:20,700
Clay pots are positioned over 
Flames filled with grain and 

4960
04:51:20,700 --> 04:51:24,600
water and stirred occasionally 
as the content, soften and warm.

4961
04:51:25,800 --> 04:51:28,000
The smell of cooking spreads 
through the settlement. 

4962
04:51:28,800 --> 04:51:32,800
A familiar marker of the day's 
progression. children finish 

4963
04:51:32,800 --> 04:51:36,800
their tasks and begin to gather 
in open areas their energy still

4964
04:51:36,808 --> 04:51:40,400
present, but channeled now, into
games and conversation rather 

4965
04:51:40,400 --> 04:51:44,400
than work, Their voices, carry 
through the settling dusk. 

4966
04:51:45,000 --> 04:51:48,600
Punctuated by laughter and the 
sounds of running feet. 

4967
04:51:49,500 --> 04:51:51,900
They're more relaxed. 
Now, released from the 

4968
04:51:51,900 --> 04:51:55,800
discipline of contributing, to 
the households labor, Cats 

4969
04:51:55,800 --> 04:51:58,100
emerge from their resting places
beginning their evening 

4970
04:51:58,100 --> 04:52:01,000
routines, they move along, 
Familia paths. 

4971
04:52:01,000 --> 04:52:03,800
Checking the spots where they 
have found food before 

4972
04:52:03,800 --> 04:52:07,500
investigating any changes in the
settlements landscape. 

4973
04:52:08,400 --> 04:52:10,600
Their movements are purposeful, 
but unhurried. 

4974
04:52:11,300 --> 04:52:15,200
Evening offers, optimal hunting 
conditions fading light, that 

4975
04:52:15,200 --> 04:52:19,100
still allows Vision cooling, air
that brings mice out to forage 

4976
04:52:19,100 --> 04:52:22,600
and the distraction of human 
activity that makes play less 

4977
04:52:22,600 --> 04:52:25,400
cautious. 
People gather near their homes, 

4978
04:52:25,400 --> 04:52:29,000
as meals, finish cooking, they 
sit on stools or on the ground 

4979
04:52:29,000 --> 04:52:32,500
arranging themselves in loose 
circles or facing doorways. 

4980
04:52:33,500 --> 04:52:35,400
Food is served from communal 
pots. 

4981
04:52:35,400 --> 04:52:39,600
Ladled into individual bowls. 
And he can with fingers or 

4982
04:52:39,600 --> 04:52:43,100
simple tools. 
Conversations happen in low 

4983
04:52:43,100 --> 04:52:46,500
voices punctuated by comfortable
silences. 

4984
04:52:47,700 --> 04:52:52,500
The days work is discussed plans
for tomorrow are mentioned, a 

4985
04:52:52,500 --> 04:52:55,400
news is shared about neighbors 
or family members in distant 

4986
04:52:55,400 --> 04:52:58,400
settlements. 
Cats, observe these gatherings 

4987
04:52:58,400 --> 04:53:02,600
from the periphery, they rest on
walls or undercuts watching the 

4988
04:53:02,600 --> 04:53:04,100
movement of people without 
approaching. 

4989
04:53:05,000 --> 04:53:08,000
They are not excluded but 
neither are they invited? 

4990
04:53:08,700 --> 04:53:12,000
Their position remains that of 
witness present but separate 

4991
04:53:12,000 --> 04:53:15,100
sharing the space with out 
sharing the activity. 

4992
04:53:15,700 --> 04:53:20,000
As people eat small amounts of 
food, inevitably fall a child, 

4993
04:53:20,000 --> 04:53:24,200
drops of bread and adult tips, a
bowl slightly and liquid spills.

4994
04:53:25,400 --> 04:53:28,100
These small losses accumulated 
in the dust around the eating 

4995
04:53:28,100 --> 04:53:30,600
area. 
Cats note, these occurrences 

4996
04:53:30,600 --> 04:53:33,800
patient in their awareness. 
That opportunities will come 

4997
04:53:33,800 --> 04:53:37,800
when people dispersed The light 
continues to fade, deepening 

4998
04:53:37,800 --> 04:53:42,100
from gold to Rose, to purple 
Shadows, merge and blend losing 

4999
04:53:42,100 --> 04:53:45,300
their sharp edges. 
The settlement structures become

5000
04:53:45,300 --> 04:53:47,200
Silhouettes against the dimming 
sky. 

5001
04:53:48,000 --> 04:53:51,200
Fires, grow, brighter, and 
contrast their Flames more 

5002
04:53:51,200 --> 04:53:53,300
visible as ambient, light 
decreases. 

5003
04:53:54,100 --> 04:53:58,700
The visual World, simplifies 
defined Now by points of warmth 

5004
04:53:58,700 --> 04:54:01,000
and light against Gathering 
Darkness. 

5005
04:54:01,900 --> 04:54:03,600
People begin to move towards 
sleep. 

5006
04:54:03,600 --> 04:54:07,600
They rise from their gathering 
places Bank fires to hold coals 

5007
04:54:07,600 --> 04:54:10,400
through the night and carry 
empty vessels back into 

5008
04:54:10,400 --> 04:54:13,400
buildings. 
Children are called inside or 

5009
04:54:13,400 --> 04:54:17,000
guided towards sleeping areas. 
The sounds of the settlement 

5010
04:54:17,000 --> 04:54:20,900
change fewer, voices, more 
footsteps, and the rustle of 

5011
04:54:20,908 --> 04:54:23,800
mats being unrolled and blankets
being arranged. 

5012
04:54:24,600 --> 04:54:27,100
Cats, moving to the space is 
people of vacated. 

5013
04:54:27,100 --> 04:54:30,800
They investigate dropped food, 
consuming what appeals to them 

5014
04:54:30,800 --> 04:54:34,000
and ignoring the rest. 
They grew themselves in the 

5015
04:54:34,000 --> 04:54:36,400
residual warmth of the areas 
where people sat. 

5016
04:54:37,300 --> 04:54:39,400
They Mark the evening's 
territory with their presence, 

5017
04:54:39,400 --> 04:54:42,700
claiming the night shift of the 
settlement continuous 

5018
04:54:42,700 --> 04:54:45,600
occupation. 
Some people remain outside 

5019
04:54:45,600 --> 04:54:50,700
longer sitting by dying fires, 
reluctant to end the day. they 

5020
04:54:50,700 --> 04:54:54,300
stare into the coals, their 
faces lit by the Warm Glow, 

5021
04:54:54,300 --> 04:54:58,600
their thoughts private and 
unspoken Cats sometimes 

5022
04:54:58,600 --> 04:55:02,300
approach, these solitary figures
settling nearby, but not near 

5023
04:55:02,300 --> 04:55:05,800
enough for contact. 
The two species, share the quiet

5024
04:55:05,800 --> 04:55:09,400
in parallel, each absorbed in 
their own relationship with the 

5025
04:55:09,400 --> 04:55:13,500
approaching Knight. 
Stars appear overhead first, a 

5026
04:55:13,500 --> 04:55:16,500
few bright points, then 
countless more as Darkness 

5027
04:55:16,500 --> 04:55:20,000
deepens. 
The sky transforms into a vast 

5028
04:55:20,000 --> 04:55:23,900
field of light familiar to all 
who live without walls blocking 

5029
04:55:23,900 --> 04:55:26,300
their View. 
People glanced upward 

5030
04:55:26,300 --> 04:55:28,900
occasionally noting the 
positions of known 

5031
04:55:28,900 --> 04:55:32,700
constellations using them to 
Mark the season and passage of 

5032
04:55:32,700 --> 04:55:35,300
time. 
Cats navigate by different 

5033
04:55:35,300 --> 04:55:37,500
markers. 
They know the settlement by 

5034
04:55:37,500 --> 04:55:41,100
scent and touch and Sound by the
memory of Pathways. 

5035
04:55:41,100 --> 04:55:44,400
And the location of shelter, 
they move confidently through 

5036
04:55:44,400 --> 04:55:47,500
darkness, that would slow or 
stop human movement. 

5037
04:55:47,500 --> 04:55:51,300
Their eyes Gathering of 
available light, their whiskers 

5038
04:55:51,300 --> 04:55:55,600
sensing obstacles and their paws
finding purchase on familiar 

5039
04:55:55,600 --> 04:55:59,100
surfaces The settlement do not 
sleep all at once. 

5040
04:55:59,100 --> 04:56:02,700
It transitions, gradually with 
different households and 

5041
04:56:02,700 --> 04:56:05,200
individuals moving toward rest 
of their own pace. 

5042
04:56:06,100 --> 04:56:09,800
This staggered settling creates 
a long period of quiet. 

5043
04:56:09,800 --> 04:56:14,100
Transition hours when some sleep
while others remain wakeful, 

5044
04:56:14,100 --> 04:56:17,600
when the boundary between day 
and night stretches and blurs, 

5045
04:56:18,400 --> 04:56:22,600
Fires burn lower, the last 
voices, fade, doorways dark, and

5046
04:56:22,600 --> 04:56:25,800
as people move deeper into their
dwellings, the settlement 

5047
04:56:25,800 --> 04:56:30,300
achieves, a state of Deep Quiet 
broken only by occasional 

5048
04:56:30,300 --> 04:56:33,000
sounds. 
The crack of a settling log in a

5049
04:56:33,008 --> 04:56:37,300
banked fire, the call of a 
distant animal and the soft 

5050
04:56:37,300 --> 04:56:42,300
footfalls of a cat on patrol. 
Evening becomes night the day 

5051
04:56:42,300 --> 04:56:45,500
releases, its hold the 
settlement rests in the cool 

5052
04:56:45,500 --> 04:56:48,700
Darkness. 
Its inhabitants human and 

5053
04:56:48,700 --> 04:56:52,900
Feline, finding their own forms 
of rest, their own corners of 

5054
04:56:52,900 --> 04:56:56,800
Peace, the bond between them 
remains unspoken, but it 

5055
04:56:56,800 --> 04:57:01,500
continues woven into the fabric 
of daily life, as reliable as 

5056
04:57:01,500 --> 04:57:05,300
the sun setting and Rising as 
constant as the Turning of 

5057
04:57:05,300 --> 04:57:09,000
seasons. 
You find yourself in the deepest

5058
04:57:09,000 --> 04:57:12,800
part of night, when darkness is 
complete and the settlement, 

5059
04:57:12,800 --> 04:57:16,300
rests and Stillness. 
The moon may be present or 

5060
04:57:16,300 --> 04:57:20,300
absent Waxing or Waning. 
It's like transforming the 

5061
04:57:20,300 --> 04:57:22,400
landscape or leaving it to Pure 
Shadow. 

5062
04:57:22,400 --> 04:57:25,000
Either way. 
The night has its own quality 

5063
04:57:25,000 --> 04:57:28,300
distinct from day governed by 
different rules and rhythms 

5064
04:57:29,000 --> 04:57:33,100
People sleep inside their 
dwelling on maps or simple beds 

5065
04:57:33,100 --> 04:57:36,700
bodies, relaxed in 
unconsciousness, their breathing

5066
04:57:36,700 --> 04:57:41,300
is deep and regular some snore, 
softly other shift position, 

5067
04:57:41,300 --> 04:57:45,000
occasionally, turning to find 
comfort that these movements are

5068
04:57:45,000 --> 04:57:48,400
minimal and unconscious. 
Sleep claims them thoroughly 

5069
04:57:48,400 --> 04:57:53,200
providing necessary restoration 
after the day's exertion cats 

5070
04:57:53,200 --> 04:57:56,600
remain more wakeful, their 
biology suits them to nocturnal 

5071
04:57:56,600 --> 04:57:59,500
activity though. 
They have adapted to also move 

5072
04:57:59,500 --> 04:58:01,900
during daylight hours in 
response to the settlements 

5073
04:58:01,900 --> 04:58:05,100
rhythms. 
At night, they returned to more 

5074
04:58:05,100 --> 04:58:10,200
ancient patterns becoming alert 
and active using census honed 

5075
04:58:10,200 --> 04:58:12,200
for Darkness to navigate and 
hunt. 

5076
04:58:13,100 --> 04:58:16,800
The settlement at night is not 
silent but the sounds are 

5077
04:58:16,800 --> 04:58:22,000
different, no voices, no tools 
striking Stone no footsteps on 

5078
04:58:22,000 --> 04:58:27,100
swept paths instead there are 
subtler sounds The Whisper Of 

5079
04:58:27,108 --> 04:58:31,500
Wind Through Red Roofs. 
The rustle of small animals and 

5080
04:58:31,500 --> 04:58:34,000
grain stores. 
The distant call of a knight 

5081
04:58:34,000 --> 04:58:37,800
bird and the settling of mud 
brick walls as they released the

5082
04:58:37,800 --> 04:58:41,100
days Heat. 
Cats move through the soundscape

5083
04:58:41,100 --> 04:58:43,500
with awareness and caution their
paws. 

5084
04:58:43,500 --> 04:58:47,200
Make no noise on packed Earth. 
Their body slip through Shadows 

5085
04:58:47,200 --> 04:58:50,300
without disturbing them. 
They pause frequently to listen,

5086
04:58:50,300 --> 04:58:54,200
head tilted ears, rotating to 
capture sound from different 

5087
04:58:54,200 --> 04:58:58,900
directions, they process 
information, constantly, wind 

5088
04:58:58,900 --> 04:59:02,400
direction, temperature changes, 
the presence of other animals, 

5089
04:59:02,400 --> 04:59:04,700
and the state of the night 
around them. 

5090
04:59:05,500 --> 04:59:08,900
Some cats hunt during these 
hours, they position themselves 

5091
04:59:08,900 --> 04:59:12,700
near Grain Stores near animal 
pen pens near anywhere. 

5092
04:59:12,700 --> 04:59:16,600
Mice might venture They wait to 
the same patients, they showed 

5093
04:59:16,600 --> 04:59:19,600
during daylight, but now, 
enhanced by the cover of 

5094
04:59:19,600 --> 04:59:22,300
Darkness, that makes them nearly
invisible to pray. 

5095
04:59:23,300 --> 04:59:28,100
When they move it is with sudden
explosive speed and then an 

5096
04:59:28,100 --> 04:59:31,900
immediate return to Stillness? 
Other cats simply Patrol their 

5097
04:59:31,900 --> 04:59:34,700
territories. 
Walking the boundaries marking 

5098
04:59:34,700 --> 04:59:38,100
their presence through scent and
checking for milia spots for 

5099
04:59:38,100 --> 04:59:41,900
changes or intrusions. 
This patrolling serves no 

5100
04:59:41,900 --> 04:59:44,700
obvious purpose, Beyond 
maintenance of familiarity. 

5101
04:59:45,700 --> 04:59:48,900
But it seems to satisfy some 
internal need for order and 

5102
04:59:48,900 --> 04:59:52,200
control. 
Fire still burn in some haves 

5103
04:59:52,200 --> 04:59:55,800
reduced to beds of glowing. 
Coals that pulse gently with 

5104
04:59:55,800 --> 04:59:59,100
residual Heat. 
These coals provide the only 

5105
04:59:59,100 --> 05:00:02,400
light in many buildings, a soft 
red glow. 

5106
05:00:02,400 --> 05:00:04,800
That barely illuminates, the 
immediate space. 

5107
05:00:05,700 --> 05:00:09,600
Cats are drawn to this warmth. 
Settling near hearths when their

5108
05:00:09,600 --> 05:00:14,100
activity permits absorbing heat 
into their bodies and resting in

5109
05:00:14,100 --> 05:00:17,700
brief Cycles. 
Before resuming movement The 

5110
05:00:17,700 --> 05:00:20,500
settlements building's create 
complex, shadows and sheltered 

5111
05:00:20,500 --> 05:00:23,100
spaces. 
Cats know, all of these 

5112
05:00:23,100 --> 05:00:26,000
intimately. 
They know which wall has a gap 

5113
05:00:26,000 --> 05:00:28,400
that allows passage from one 
Courtyard to another. 

5114
05:00:29,400 --> 05:00:31,900
They know which roof beam 
provides a root above ground 

5115
05:00:31,900 --> 05:00:35,300
level, they know which corner 
holds warmth longest and which 

5116
05:00:35,300 --> 05:00:38,800
drains heat most quickly. 
Safety at Night comes from 

5117
05:00:38,800 --> 05:00:41,400
awareness. 
Rather than barriers, the 

5118
05:00:41,400 --> 05:00:44,100
settlement has no walls tall 
enough to prevent animals from 

5119
05:00:44,100 --> 05:00:47,100
entering and no guards posted to
watch for threats. 

5120
05:00:47,800 --> 05:00:51,600
Instead, safety comes from the 
collective presence of humans 

5121
05:00:51,600 --> 05:00:55,000
and animals together. from the 
fact that the settlement is 

5122
05:00:55,000 --> 05:00:58,700
occupied and active enough to 
discourage larger Predators from

5123
05:00:58,700 --> 05:01:03,000
approaching Cats, contribute to 
this sense of occupied presence.

5124
05:01:03,800 --> 05:01:07,000
their movement through the 
night, their watchfulness and 

5125
05:01:07,000 --> 05:01:11,100
their responses to unusual 
sounds, or smells all create an 

5126
05:01:11,100 --> 05:01:14,600
atmosphere of vigilantes They're
not protecting the settlement 

5127
05:01:14,600 --> 05:01:18,000
deliberately, but their behavior
has that effect adding to the 

5128
05:01:18,000 --> 05:01:20,100
web of awareness. 
That makes the space feel 

5129
05:01:20,100 --> 05:01:23,200
defended. 
Sometimes a cat encounters, 

5130
05:01:23,200 --> 05:01:26,700
another cat during night time. 
Wandering, they may approach 

5131
05:01:26,700 --> 05:01:30,600
each other with caution touching
noses, briefly or they may have 

5132
05:01:30,600 --> 05:01:33,700
avoid contact entirely each 
giving the other space. 

5133
05:01:34,600 --> 05:01:36,600
Their interactions are quiet and
brief. 

5134
05:01:36,600 --> 05:01:40,600
There is no aggression, just 
acknowledgment and continuation 

5135
05:01:40,600 --> 05:01:44,800
of separate paths. 
Dogs sometimes stir in the night

5136
05:01:44,800 --> 05:01:48,400
lifting their heads to 
investigate sounds or movements,

5137
05:01:48,400 --> 05:01:53,300
they notice cats passing nearby.
Sometimes they watch with mild 

5138
05:01:53,300 --> 05:01:56,100
interest. 
Sometimes they ignore the cats 

5139
05:01:56,100 --> 05:01:59,700
completely. 
The two species of reached, an 

5140
05:01:59,700 --> 05:02:02,800
understanding dogs guard, the 
settlement more actively 

5141
05:02:02,800 --> 05:02:07,100
responding to larger threats. 
While cats focus on smaller 

5142
05:02:07,100 --> 05:02:09,900
concerns. 
Their roles complement each 

5143
05:02:09,900 --> 05:02:13,600
other without overlapping? 
As night, progresses toward 

5144
05:02:13,600 --> 05:02:18,200
Dawn, the quality of Darkness 
begins to change the black Sky. 

5145
05:02:18,200 --> 05:02:21,100
Softens almost imperceptibly 
toward Deep Blue. 

5146
05:02:21,900 --> 05:02:24,900
Stars remain visible, but lose 
some of their intensity. 

5147
05:02:25,700 --> 05:02:29,100
The are gross, slightly cooler 
in the air Before Sunrise, the 

5148
05:02:29,100 --> 05:02:31,000
temperature dropping to its 
lowest point. 

5149
05:02:32,100 --> 05:02:34,800
Both humans and cats respond to 
this Cooling. 

5150
05:02:35,600 --> 05:02:37,800
People pull coverings closer in 
their sleep. 

5151
05:02:38,800 --> 05:02:40,700
Cats seek the warmest spots of 
available. 

5152
05:02:41,500 --> 05:02:43,400
Curling tighter to conserve 
Heat. 

5153
05:02:44,400 --> 05:02:47,400
The transition from night to day
happens gradually, but in 

5154
05:02:47,400 --> 05:02:50,200
Everly. 
Cats sensitive before people. 

5155
05:02:50,200 --> 05:02:53,400
Wait their internal rhythms 
attuned to the approaching 

5156
05:02:53,400 --> 05:02:56,500
change. 
Some settle into final resting 

5157
05:02:56,500 --> 05:02:59,100
spots preparing to sleep through
the morning. 

5158
05:02:59,900 --> 05:03:03,800
Others remain alert ready to 
continue their activity into 

5159
05:03:03,800 --> 05:03:06,500
daylight hours depending on 
opportunity and inclination. 

5160
05:03:07,600 --> 05:03:10,100
Night provides a different 
dimension to the relationship 

5161
05:03:10,100 --> 05:03:14,700
between humans and cats. 
While people sleep cats remain 

5162
05:03:14,700 --> 05:03:18,500
aware moving through the shared 
space with familiarity and 

5163
05:03:18,500 --> 05:03:23,200
purpose, they do not guard, the 
humans deliberately, but their 

5164
05:03:23,200 --> 05:03:26,400
presence adds to the sense that 
the settlement is not abandoned,

5165
05:03:26,400 --> 05:03:31,900
not empty and not vulnerable. 
Life continues through all 

5166
05:03:31,900 --> 05:03:35,300
hours, maintained by different 
actors at different times. 

5167
05:03:35,300 --> 05:03:39,000
Creating continuity that 
requires no coordination or 

5168
05:03:39,000 --> 05:03:41,800
agreement. 
The settlement breathe through 

5169
05:03:41,800 --> 05:03:44,700
day and night. 
It's pulsed steady. 

5170
05:03:44,700 --> 05:03:49,500
Its Rhythm unchanged. 
Its coexistence As Natural in 

5171
05:03:49,500 --> 05:03:53,500
darkness, as, in light. 
You witness how patterns 

5172
05:03:53,500 --> 05:03:58,200
established over days extended 
into weeks months years and 

5173
05:03:58,200 --> 05:04:01,900
eventually Generations. 
The relationship between humans 

5174
05:04:01,900 --> 05:04:05,600
and cats does not deepen through
dramatic moments or significant 

5175
05:04:05,600 --> 05:04:08,900
events. 
It simply continues reinforced 

5176
05:04:08,900 --> 05:04:13,100
by repetition shape, by 
practical benefit and sustained 

5177
05:04:13,100 --> 05:04:17,200
by the absence of conflict. 
Children grow up seeing cats as 

5178
05:04:17,200 --> 05:04:19,000
part of the settlement's 
landscape. 

5179
05:04:19,000 --> 05:04:22,800
They do not remember a time 
before cats were present. to 

5180
05:04:22,800 --> 05:04:27,100
them cats, simply exist as 
chickens exist, as the river 

5181
05:04:27,100 --> 05:04:31,700
exists as the sun exists, they 
learn through observation which 

5182
05:04:31,700 --> 05:04:35,900
cats tolerate approach and which
prefer distance this knowledge 

5183
05:04:35,900 --> 05:04:38,100
becomes part of their 
understanding of the world 

5184
05:04:38,100 --> 05:04:42,600
unremarkable and assumed, These 
children become adults, who 

5185
05:04:42,600 --> 05:04:44,000
maintained the same 
relationship. 

5186
05:04:44,000 --> 05:04:47,500
Their parents had with cats. 
They do not formalize it or 

5187
05:04:47,500 --> 05:04:50,000
change it. 
They allow cats to move through 

5188
05:04:50,000 --> 05:04:52,800
storage areas. 
They tolerate their presence and

5189
05:04:52,800 --> 05:04:56,600
Courtyards and on walls they 
benefit from reduced Vermin 

5190
05:04:56,600 --> 05:04:58,400
without acknowledging debt or 
gratitude. 

5191
05:04:59,600 --> 05:05:02,600
Pattern perpetuates through 
cultural transmission that 

5192
05:05:02,600 --> 05:05:06,200
requires, no instruction because
it involves no active teaching 

5193
05:05:06,200 --> 05:05:10,600
only passive modeling cats 
produced, new generations within

5194
05:05:10,600 --> 05:05:13,800
the settlement. 
Female cat finds a sheltered 

5195
05:05:13,800 --> 05:05:18,600
spot away from heavy traffic. 
Behind stacked grain jars under 

5196
05:05:18,600 --> 05:05:22,200
a rarely used car or in a corner
of an abandoned building. 

5197
05:05:23,300 --> 05:05:26,800
She gives birth to several 
kittens, nursing them through 

5198
05:05:26,800 --> 05:05:29,600
their first weeks. 
Teaching them to hunt and 

5199
05:05:29,600 --> 05:05:31,500
navigate once they can walk 
steadily. 

5200
05:05:32,700 --> 05:05:35,600
These kittens grow up knowing 
the settlement as their home 

5201
05:05:35,600 --> 05:05:38,500
territory. 
Some of these young cats remain 

5202
05:05:38,500 --> 05:05:41,800
in the settlement throughout 
their lives, others wander away,

5203
05:05:41,800 --> 05:05:44,800
seeking new territories, 
following instincts, toward 

5204
05:05:44,800 --> 05:05:48,700
dispersal and exploration. 
The settlements cat population 

5205
05:05:48,700 --> 05:05:53,000
remains relatively stable, 
despite this turnover regulated 

5206
05:05:53,000 --> 05:05:55,900
by available resources and the 
carrying capacity of the 

5207
05:05:55,900 --> 05:06:00,100
environment. people notice when 
a familiar cat disappears and a 

5208
05:06:00,100 --> 05:06:03,600
new cat appears but they make no
attempt to track or control this

5209
05:06:03,600 --> 05:06:07,900
turnover The specific identity 
of individual cats matters. 

5210
05:06:07,900 --> 05:06:11,000
Little what matters is the 
presence of cats. 

5211
05:06:11,000 --> 05:06:15,000
Generally, the continuation of 
their role in controlling Vermin

5212
05:06:15,000 --> 05:06:18,700
and the maintenance of the 
established pattern Seasonal 

5213
05:06:18,700 --> 05:06:21,200
Cycles. 
Repeat each bringing the same 

5214
05:06:21,200 --> 05:06:24,500
challenges and opportunities 
Harvest times. 

5215
05:06:24,500 --> 05:06:26,500
Bring abundant mice, and easier 
hunting. 

5216
05:06:27,300 --> 05:06:30,800
Lean, winter months, reduce prey
populations and makes survival 

5217
05:06:30,800 --> 05:06:34,100
more difficult. 
Cats and due these fluctuations 

5218
05:06:34,100 --> 05:06:37,700
through the same adaptations 
that allow Wildcats to persist 

5219
05:06:37,700 --> 05:06:42,200
in variable environments. 
Efficient hunting opportunistic,

5220
05:06:42,200 --> 05:06:46,000
feeding and the ability to 
reduce activity when resources 

5221
05:06:46,000 --> 05:06:49,900
are scarce. 
The settlement itself changes, 

5222
05:06:49,900 --> 05:06:52,600
slowly, building buildings are 
repaired and eventually 

5223
05:06:52,600 --> 05:06:55,400
replaced. 
New structures are added as the 

5224
05:06:55,400 --> 05:07:00,700
population grows or need shift. 
Storage methods improve tools 

5225
05:07:00,700 --> 05:07:04,300
become more refined. 
Through all these changes, the 

5226
05:07:04,300 --> 05:07:07,600
relationship with cats from 
remains constant new buildings, 

5227
05:07:07,600 --> 05:07:09,400
provide, new purchases and 
shelters. 

5228
05:07:09,400 --> 05:07:13,300
Improved storage, still requires
protection from vermin. 

5229
05:07:14,100 --> 05:07:16,600
Better tools still creates 
scraps and spillage. 

5230
05:07:17,300 --> 05:07:20,900
The fundamental Dynamic 
persists, despite surface 

5231
05:07:20,900 --> 05:07:24,800
changes. 
Generations of humans, pass old 

5232
05:07:24,800 --> 05:07:28,300
people die, and are buried, 
children are born and grow into 

5233
05:07:28,300 --> 05:07:31,300
adults who have children of 
their own, the collective memory

5234
05:07:31,300 --> 05:07:34,700
of the settlement shifts and 
evolves that certain patterns 

5235
05:07:34,700 --> 05:07:37,300
remain. 
So consistently becoming visible

5236
05:07:37,300 --> 05:07:41,200
part of the assumed background 
of life rather than notable 

5237
05:07:41,200 --> 05:07:45,500
features requiring attention. 
Cats live shorter lives than 

5238
05:07:45,500 --> 05:07:48,100
humans. 
Their Generations turning over 

5239
05:07:48,100 --> 05:07:51,500
more quickly. 
Human child might see dozens of 

5240
05:07:51,500 --> 05:07:54,300
individual cats come and go 
during their own lifespan. 

5241
05:07:54,300 --> 05:07:58,800
Yet despite this rapid turnover 
cat behavior, remains, 

5242
05:07:58,800 --> 05:08:03,600
remarkably consistent, Each new 
cat learns, the same lessons 

5243
05:08:03,600 --> 05:08:07,300
finds the same opportunities, 
and settles into the same 

5244
05:08:07,300 --> 05:08:09,100
patterns as those who came 
before. 

5245
05:08:10,100 --> 05:08:13,100
The relationship reproduces 
itself, naturally without 

5246
05:08:13,100 --> 05:08:14,800
requiring teaching or 
enforcement. 

5247
05:08:15,700 --> 05:08:18,600
Other settlements developed 
similar relationships with cats?

5248
05:08:19,300 --> 05:08:22,100
People traveling between 
communities, observe cats living

5249
05:08:22,100 --> 05:08:25,500
in the same way. 
Elsewhere, tolerated useful, 

5250
05:08:25,500 --> 05:08:28,800
independent present but not 
possessed. 

5251
05:08:28,800 --> 05:08:32,200
This parallel Development Across
different human groups. 

5252
05:08:32,200 --> 05:08:35,500
Suggest the arrangements serves 
fundamental needs for both 

5253
05:08:35,500 --> 05:08:38,200
species. 
Needs that arise naturally 

5254
05:08:38,200 --> 05:08:41,900
wherever humans store grain and 
build permanent structures. 

5255
05:08:43,300 --> 05:08:46,300
The absence of formalization 
protects the relationship from 

5256
05:08:46,300 --> 05:08:48,800
the problems that plague more 
structured Arrangements. 

5257
05:08:48,800 --> 05:08:53,200
There are no rules to break. 
No expectations to disappoint 

5258
05:08:53,200 --> 05:08:58,400
and no obligations to resent. 
Cats and humans simply coexist 

5259
05:08:58,400 --> 05:09:02,400
in ways that benefit both. 
This flexibility allows the 

5260
05:09:02,400 --> 05:09:05,800
relationship to adapt to 
changing circumstances without 

5261
05:09:05,800 --> 05:09:10,500
requiring renegotiation or 
conscious adjustment. stories, 

5262
05:09:10,500 --> 05:09:13,800
begin to accumulate, not Grand 
narrative, but small 

5263
05:09:13,800 --> 05:09:17,800
observations passed between 
people Someone mentions a cat 

5264
05:09:17,800 --> 05:09:19,600
that was particularly skilled at
hunting. 

5265
05:09:19,600 --> 05:09:23,500
Another recalls a cat that 
preferred a specific Sunny Spot 

5266
05:09:23,500 --> 05:09:26,500
for years. 
These stories are brief and 

5267
05:09:26,508 --> 05:09:30,100
factual told without 
embellishment and forgotten as 

5268
05:09:30,100 --> 05:09:33,500
quickly as they are shared. 
They do not accumulate into 

5269
05:09:33,500 --> 05:09:36,600
mythology or meaning. 
They simply reflect the reality 

5270
05:09:36,600 --> 05:09:39,200
of shared space and accumulated 
observation. 

5271
05:09:39,900 --> 05:09:43,400
The settlement continues through
generations, it's basic 

5272
05:09:43,400 --> 05:09:46,200
character, maintained even a 
specific detail shift. 

5273
05:09:47,200 --> 05:09:48,800
Cats. 
Continue to move through its 

5274
05:09:48,800 --> 05:09:53,100
spaces, hunting its Vermin, 
resting in its shade and 

5275
05:09:53,100 --> 05:09:57,600
drinking from its water sources.
People can continue to build and

5276
05:09:57,600 --> 05:10:02,300
repair, plant and harvest raised
children and age into elders. 

5277
05:10:03,300 --> 05:10:06,300
The two species remain 
intertwined, not through bonds 

5278
05:10:06,300 --> 05:10:09,800
of affection or formal 
agreement, but through the 

5279
05:10:09,800 --> 05:10:13,700
simple durable, logic of mutual 
benefit and peaceful 

5280
05:10:13,700 --> 05:10:16,300
co-existence. 
You see, now how this 

5281
05:10:16,300 --> 05:10:19,700
relationship emerged and 
persisted, not through moments 

5282
05:10:19,700 --> 05:10:23,700
of decision or acts of will, but
through the accumulation of 

5283
05:10:23,700 --> 05:10:28,200
small choices and repeated 
patterns Cats chose to stay in a

5284
05:10:28,200 --> 05:10:30,400
humans because staying offered 
an advantage. 

5285
05:10:31,100 --> 05:10:34,100
Humans allowed cats to stay 
because their presence reduced 

5286
05:10:34,100 --> 05:10:36,800
problems. 
Neither species set out to 

5287
05:10:36,800 --> 05:10:39,600
create a partnership yet. 
A partnership formed 

5288
05:10:39,600 --> 05:10:43,700
nonetheless, one that would 
continue for thousands of years 

5289
05:10:43,700 --> 05:10:47,100
changing in certain ways, but 
remaining fundamentally 

5290
05:10:47,100 --> 05:10:50,600
unchanged in others as evening 
settles over the settlement, 

5291
05:10:50,600 --> 05:10:55,200
once more fires glow, in halves,
And cats settle into familiar 

5292
05:10:55,200 --> 05:10:58,900
resting places. 
The day ends as countless days 

5293
05:10:58,900 --> 05:11:02,600
of ended before and as countless
days, will end in the future, 

5294
05:11:02,600 --> 05:11:05,900
the pattern, holds the 
relationship in dues. 

5295
05:11:05,900 --> 05:11:10,200
The quiet companionship 
continues asking nothing more 

5296
05:11:10,200 --> 05:11:14,100
than what it is. 
Always asked proximity tolerance

5297
05:11:14,100 --> 05:11:17,700
and the shared recognition that 
some of the best Arrangements in

5298
05:11:17,700 --> 05:11:20,500
the life of those, that require 
the least effort to maintain. 

5299
05:11:21,600 --> 05:11:24,800
You rest now in this knowledge 
in the comfort of understanding,

5300
05:11:24,800 --> 05:11:29,100
how connection can exist without
complication how shared space 

5301
05:11:29,100 --> 05:11:32,900
can create shared benefit and 
how the simplest relationships 

5302
05:11:32,900 --> 05:11:36,400
often proved the most enduring. 
The story ends here. 

5303
05:11:37,200 --> 05:11:41,000
That the pattern, it describes 
continues as reliable, as 

5304
05:11:41,000 --> 05:11:45,500
Sunrise as constant as the 
Turning of seasons and as 

5305
05:11:45,500 --> 05:11:55,100
peaceful as sleep itself. 
Imagine you're standing at the 

5306
05:11:55,108 --> 05:11:58,800
edge of a vast tropical forest 
that stretches from Horizon to 

5307
05:11:58,800 --> 05:12:01,600
Horizon like a green ocean 
Frozen in time. 

5308
05:12:01,608 --> 05:12:05,300
This is the Maya World, a realm 
that encompasses what we now 

5309
05:12:05,300 --> 05:12:09,600
call Sudden Mexico, Guatemala 
Belize and parts of Honduras and

5310
05:12:09,600 --> 05:12:12,800
El Salvador but forget your 
modern maps for a moment and see

5311
05:12:12,800 --> 05:12:16,800
this land as the Maya, did not a
separate countries but as one 

5312
05:12:16,800 --> 05:12:19,800
living breathing ecosystem, 
where every mountain river and 

5313
05:12:19,800 --> 05:12:23,100
sunnote held sacred. 
Meaning the landscape here reads

5314
05:12:23,100 --> 05:12:25,600
like poetry written by ancient 
gods. 

5315
05:12:26,300 --> 05:12:28,200
In the north, the Yucatan 
Peninsula. 

5316
05:12:28,200 --> 05:12:30,100
Spreads like a limestone 
platform. 

5317
05:12:30,100 --> 05:12:33,900
Its surface so flat you might 
think Giants used it as their 

5318
05:12:33,900 --> 05:12:35,900
dining table beneath this 
seemingly. 

5319
05:12:35,900 --> 05:12:38,600
Solid Ground lies. 
A hidden world of underground 

5320
05:12:38,600 --> 05:12:42,000
rivers and caverns occasionally 
opening into notes. 

5321
05:12:42,000 --> 05:12:45,900
Those magical circular pools of 
crystal clear water that looked 

5322
05:12:45,900 --> 05:12:49,900
like doorways to the underworld 
and in my belief that's exactly 

5323
05:12:49,900 --> 05:12:53,900
what they were travel South and 
the land begins to Rumple and 

5324
05:12:53,900 --> 05:12:57,700
fold like a blanket pulled from 
sleep mountains, Rising green 

5325
05:12:57,700 --> 05:13:00,400
waves, their peaks disappearing 
into clouds. 

5326
05:13:00,400 --> 05:13:02,900
That seem perpetually caught in 
the act of kissing the Earth 

5327
05:13:02,900 --> 05:13:06,700
Rivers, Wind Through valleys 
like silver ribbons carrying 

5328
05:13:06,700 --> 05:13:09,700
stories from Highland to lowland
from the cool Mists of 

5329
05:13:09,700 --> 05:13:13,500
Guatemala's, volcanic Peaks to 
the humid Embrace of Caribbean 

5330
05:13:13,500 --> 05:13:15,400
Shores. 
The climate here, does not 

5331
05:13:15,400 --> 05:13:18,000
follow the neat forces and 
schedule, you might be used to. 

5332
05:13:18,000 --> 05:13:22,700
Instead it dances to an older 
Rhythm, the ancient Waltz of wet

5333
05:13:22,700 --> 05:13:25,500
and dry, that is shaped life in 
the tropics for millions of 

5334
05:13:25,500 --> 05:13:27,700
years. 
From May through October, the 

5335
05:13:27,700 --> 05:13:32,000
sky opens like a vast Reservoir 
sending down rains that turn the

5336
05:13:32,000 --> 05:13:35,600
world into a paradise, where 
everything grows with almost 

5337
05:13:35,600 --> 05:13:39,200
embarrassing, enthusiasm plants 
reached toward the sky, with the

5338
05:13:39,200 --> 05:13:42,500
urgency of children stretching 
for cookies on a high shelf, and

5339
05:13:42,500 --> 05:13:44,500
the Very air seems to pulse with
life. 

5340
05:13:45,400 --> 05:13:49,000
Then comes the dry season, when 
the rains Retreat and the sun 

5341
05:13:49,000 --> 05:13:51,800
rules unchallenged. 
The landscape doesn't exactly 

5342
05:13:51,800 --> 05:13:55,200
sleep during these months, but 
it does pause can serve and 

5343
05:13:55,200 --> 05:13:56,800
prepare. 
Trees shed. 

5344
05:13:56,800 --> 05:14:00,300
Their leaves, not from cold but 
from Thrift saving water, like, 

5345
05:14:00,300 --> 05:14:03,100
careful housekeepers storing 
supplies for lean times. 

5346
05:14:03,100 --> 05:14:06,100
It was during these dry months 
that the Maya traditionally did 

5347
05:14:06,100 --> 05:14:09,200
much of their building. 
When limestone could be quarried

5348
05:14:09,200 --> 05:14:12,600
and mortar could dry properly 
under the patient's son, this 

5349
05:14:12,600 --> 05:14:15,700
alternating rhythm of abundance 
and restraint shaped Maya 

5350
05:14:15,700 --> 05:14:18,800
civilization in profound ways. 
They learned to work with water.

5351
05:14:18,800 --> 05:14:22,100
Like Master Craftsman, capturing
rain in sophisticated, 

5352
05:14:22,100 --> 05:14:25,700
Reservoir, systems reading the 
subtle signs that predicted the 

5353
05:14:25,700 --> 05:14:29,200
arrival of Storms and treating 
water with the reverence it 

5354
05:14:29,200 --> 05:14:31,600
deserved in the land where it 
could mean the difference 

5355
05:14:31,600 --> 05:14:34,500
between feast and famine the 
forest that covered this 

5356
05:14:34,500 --> 05:14:36,900
landscape were nothing. 
Like the orderly Woodlands you 

5357
05:14:36,900 --> 05:14:38,400
might stroll through on a 
weekend hike. 

5358
05:14:38,400 --> 05:14:42,900
These were jungles with 
personality dense layered and 

5359
05:14:42,900 --> 05:14:45,700
filled with more species than a 
medieval Beast jury. 

5360
05:14:45,700 --> 05:14:48,100
So crop your trees. 
Spread their umbrella leaves. 

5361
05:14:48,100 --> 05:14:51,500
Like giant parasols while 
mahogany in Cedar grew straight 

5362
05:14:51,500 --> 05:14:54,700
and proud their trunks. 
So vast that 20 people holding 

5363
05:14:54,700 --> 05:14:58,400
hands might not encircle Them 
Vines draped from tree to tree 

5364
05:14:58,400 --> 05:15:01,400
like Nature's Own suspension 
bridges and somewhere in the 

5365
05:15:01,400 --> 05:15:05,400
canopy above howler monkeys 
announced the dawn with calls 

5366
05:15:05,400 --> 05:15:08,000
that could be heard from miles a
ground level. 

5367
05:15:08,000 --> 05:15:11,200
The forest floor was a carpet of
fallen leaves slowly returning 

5368
05:15:11,200 --> 05:15:14,700
to soil punctuated by the 
occasional splash of color from 

5369
05:15:14,700 --> 05:15:17,100
flowering. 
Plants that seem to Glow in the 

5370
05:15:17,108 --> 05:15:20,600
filtered sunlight orchids clung 
to tree trunks like jeweled 

5371
05:15:20,600 --> 05:15:24,100
brooches while smaller trees and
shrubs created a maze that only 

5372
05:15:24,100 --> 05:15:27,200
the most experienced Travelers, 
could navigate this wasn't 

5373
05:15:27,200 --> 05:15:30,100
Wilderness in the way we usually
think of it, it was more like a 

5374
05:15:30,100 --> 05:15:33,000
vast, three-dimensional Garden 
that had been growing and 

5375
05:15:33,000 --> 05:15:35,900
changing for thousands of years 
and threading, through this 

5376
05:15:35,900 --> 05:15:39,100
green tapestry, where the Maya 
themselves, who understood their

5377
05:15:39,100 --> 05:15:41,700
environment, with the intimacy 
of Partners in a very long 

5378
05:15:41,700 --> 05:15:45,100
marriage, they need which trees 
produced the best timber for 

5379
05:15:45,100 --> 05:15:48,100
construction and which bark 
could be pounded into paper. 

5380
05:15:48,900 --> 05:15:52,400
They could read the forest like 
a library, identifying hundreds 

5381
05:15:52,400 --> 05:15:56,700
of plants that provided food 
medicine, dies and tools, they 

5382
05:15:56,700 --> 05:15:59,200
understood that the Jag was raw 
meant different things, 

5383
05:15:59,200 --> 05:16:01,900
depending on the season. 
And they could predict where the

5384
05:16:01,900 --> 05:16:04,100
patterns by watching the 
behavior of butterflies. 

5385
05:16:04,900 --> 05:16:07,800
This deep environmental 
knowledge wasn't just practical,

5386
05:16:07,800 --> 05:16:11,200
it was spiritual the Maya saw 
their landscape. 

5387
05:16:11,200 --> 05:16:14,300
Not as a collection of resources
to be exploited but as a living 

5388
05:16:14,308 --> 05:16:17,800
community of which they were 
just one part, every hill was a 

5389
05:16:17,800 --> 05:16:19,300
potential dwelling place for 
Gods. 

5390
05:16:19,300 --> 05:16:21,400
Every cave a portal to other 
worlds. 

5391
05:16:21,400 --> 05:16:24,800
Every tree of potential 
ancestor, the very ground 

5392
05:16:24,800 --> 05:16:28,500
beneath their feet was sacred 
formed from the bones and flesh 

5393
05:16:28,500 --> 05:16:31,900
of previous Creations that had 
been swept away when the gods 

5394
05:16:31,900 --> 05:16:35,700
decided to try again. 
Understanding this worldview is 

5395
05:16:35,700 --> 05:16:37,800
crucial to understanding my 
civilization. 

5396
05:16:37,800 --> 05:16:41,000
These were people who saw 
themselves as separate from or 

5397
05:16:41,000 --> 05:16:44,300
Superior to their environment. 
They were participants in an 

5398
05:16:44,300 --> 05:16:47,100
ongoing conversation between 
human intelligence and natural 

5399
05:16:47,100 --> 05:16:49,300
wisdom. 
Between the needs of growing 

5400
05:16:49,300 --> 05:16:52,700
communities and The rhythms of 
seasons and centuries, their 

5401
05:16:52,700 --> 05:16:54,400
cities weren't imposed upon the 
landscape. 

5402
05:16:54,400 --> 05:16:57,900
They grew from it, like 
particularly magnificent flowers

5403
05:16:57,900 --> 05:17:00,300
in an already. 
Extraordinary Garden, as you 

5404
05:17:00,300 --> 05:17:04,200
drift deeper into sleep tonight,
Picture This World vast forests 

5405
05:17:04,200 --> 05:17:06,900
breathing with the patient. 
Rhythm of geological time, 

5406
05:17:06,900 --> 05:17:11,000
Limestone platforms honeycomb 
with hidden rivers mountains, 

5407
05:17:11,000 --> 05:17:13,400
wearing crowns of clouds and 
Scattered throughout. 

5408
05:17:13,400 --> 05:17:16,800
This paradise, the first 
stirrings of one of Humanity's 

5409
05:17:16,800 --> 05:17:20,500
most remarkable civilizations. 
The Maya were about to teach the

5410
05:17:20,500 --> 05:17:24,600
world new ways of thinking about
time space mathematics and the 

5411
05:17:24,600 --> 05:17:27,400
delicate dance between human and
ambition and environmental 

5412
05:17:27,400 --> 05:17:29,800
wisdom. 
Let yourself float back through 

5413
05:17:29,800 --> 05:17:32,700
time. 
Pass the Spanish, Conquest, the 

5414
05:17:32,700 --> 05:17:36,600
great classic, my City's pus 
centuries and Millennia, until 

5415
05:17:36,600 --> 05:17:40,400
you reach a moment roughly 4,000
years ago when the first Myers. 

5416
05:17:40,400 --> 05:17:43,900
Speaking people began to settle 
in this green Paradise, picture 

5417
05:17:43,900 --> 05:17:46,000
them arriving not as conquerors 
or colonists. 

5418
05:17:46,000 --> 05:17:49,000
But more like gardeners 
discovering the Perfect plot for

5419
05:17:49,000 --> 05:17:50,900
the most ambitious Landscaping 
project. 

5420
05:17:50,900 --> 05:17:54,000
In human history, these early 
Maya weren't the sophisticated 

5421
05:17:54,000 --> 05:17:56,600
astronomers and mathematicians 
they would eventually become. 

5422
05:17:56,600 --> 05:18:00,000
They were farmers and foragers 
people whose greatest 

5423
05:18:00,000 --> 05:18:03,500
Technologies were sharp obsidian
blades and the patient knowledge

5424
05:18:03,500 --> 05:18:06,600
of when and where to plant corn,
but They Carried within their 

5425
05:18:06,600 --> 05:18:09,800
communities, something precious 
a way of looking at the world 

5426
05:18:09,800 --> 05:18:12,500
that would eventually flour into
one of Humanity's most 

5427
05:18:12,500 --> 05:18:16,100
remarkable civilizations, the 
transformation from nomadic 

5428
05:18:16,100 --> 05:18:19,300
bands to settled Villages. 
Happened gradually like watching

5429
05:18:19,300 --> 05:18:22,400
a slow-motion dance between 
human Ingenuity and Natural. 

5430
05:18:22,400 --> 05:18:26,800
Abundance, somewhere around 2000
BC, e, these early Maya made a 

5431
05:18:26,808 --> 05:18:29,800
discovery that would reshape 
their world, they figured out 

5432
05:18:29,800 --> 05:18:32,900
how to domesticate. 
Tiffin a wild grass that looked 

5433
05:18:32,900 --> 05:18:35,800
nothing like modern corn but 
contained within its genetic 

5434
05:18:35,800 --> 05:18:39,300
code the potential to become 
Humanity's most important crop. 

5435
05:18:39,300 --> 05:18:43,000
Imagine the patients this 
required tier sinti produced 

5436
05:18:43,000 --> 05:18:47,100
tiny seeds, barely larger than 
rice grains protected by cases. 

5437
05:18:47,100 --> 05:18:50,600
So hard, they could Crack teeth.
Most people would have dismissed

5438
05:18:50,600 --> 05:18:53,700
it as a poor food source and 
moved on to easier pickings. 

5439
05:18:53,700 --> 05:18:56,400
But the mayor saw potential 
where others saw problems. 

5440
05:18:56,400 --> 05:18:59,800
Generation after generation, 
they selected plants with 

5441
05:18:59,800 --> 05:19:02,600
slightly larger seeds. 
Slightly softer cases. 

5442
05:19:02,600 --> 05:19:04,800
Slightly more convenient growth 
patterns. 

5443
05:19:04,800 --> 05:19:07,700
They were essentially having a 
conversation with corn itself. 

5444
05:19:07,700 --> 05:19:11,000
Each growing season, another 
Exchange in a dialogue that 

5445
05:19:11,000 --> 05:19:12,700
would continue for thousands of 
years. 

5446
05:19:13,900 --> 05:19:16,300
This Agricultural Revolution 
wasn't just about food. 

5447
05:19:16,300 --> 05:19:19,700
It was about time. 
Once the Maya could count on 

5448
05:19:19,700 --> 05:19:22,500
Corn Harvest to feed their 
communities, they could afford 

5449
05:19:22,500 --> 05:19:24,800
to have some people do things 
other than search for daily 

5450
05:19:24,800 --> 05:19:27,400
sustenance. 
Some could specialize in making 

5451
05:19:27,400 --> 05:19:30,400
better tools, others, could 
experiment with new building 

5452
05:19:30,400 --> 05:19:33,500
techniques and a few could spend
their time watching the sky and 

5453
05:19:33,500 --> 05:19:36,700
wondering about the patterns. 
They saw their the earliest Maya

5454
05:19:36,700 --> 05:19:39,400
Villages were modest Affairs, 
that would look almost cozy by 

5455
05:19:39,400 --> 05:19:43,100
modern standards houses were 
built from local materials with 

5456
05:19:43,100 --> 05:19:45,900
the kind of practical wisdom 
that comes from intimate. 

5457
05:19:45,900 --> 05:19:48,900
Knowledge of local conditions 
walls were made from wooden 

5458
05:19:48,900 --> 05:19:50,600
poles, chinked with mud and 
stone. 

5459
05:19:50,600 --> 05:19:53,800
While roofs were thatched with 
Palm leaves or grass in 

5460
05:19:53,800 --> 05:19:57,100
overlapping patterns that could 
shed even the most determined 

5461
05:19:57,100 --> 05:19:59,800
tropical downpour. 
These were to architectural 

5462
05:19:59,800 --> 05:20:02,600
masterpieces, but they were 
perfectly adapted to their 

5463
05:20:02,600 --> 05:20:05,200
environment. 
Cool in the heat, dry in the 

5464
05:20:05,208 --> 05:20:08,000
rain and easy to repair. 
When the occasional hurricane 

5465
05:20:08,000 --> 05:20:11,200
reminded, everyone who was 
really in charge what made these

5466
05:20:11,200 --> 05:20:13,200
early settlements. 
Special wasn't there building 

5467
05:20:13,200 --> 05:20:17,200
but Social organization. 
Unlike many ancient societies 

5468
05:20:17,200 --> 05:20:19,200
that were strictly higher 
archaeal from the beginning 

5469
05:20:19,200 --> 05:20:22,700
early, Maya Community seemed to 
have been remarkably egalitarian

5470
05:20:22,700 --> 05:20:25,300
archaeological. 
Evidence suggests that most 

5471
05:20:25,300 --> 05:20:28,700
families lived in similar 
houses, eight similar food and 

5472
05:20:28,700 --> 05:20:30,800
had access to similar tools and 
luxuries. 

5473
05:20:30,800 --> 05:20:33,800
It was a society where 
leadership was probably based 

5474
05:20:33,800 --> 05:20:37,100
more on knowledge and consents 
us that on inherited power or 

5475
05:20:37,100 --> 05:20:39,900
accumulated wealth. 
But even in these early 

5476
05:20:39,900 --> 05:20:42,800
centuries, hints of the Maya 
genius were beginning to appear.

5477
05:20:42,800 --> 05:20:45,900
They were experimenting with 
techniques for shaping, Stone 

5478
05:20:45,900 --> 05:20:48,600
learning to read the subtle 
signs that predicted, good 

5479
05:20:48,600 --> 05:20:52,200
farming weather and developing 
increasingly sophisticated ways 

5480
05:20:52,200 --> 05:20:55,900
of organizing their communities.
Most importantly, they were 

5481
05:20:55,900 --> 05:20:58,200
beginning to develop the 
intellectual Frameworks that 

5482
05:20:58,200 --> 05:21:00,700
would eventually support their 
incredible achievements in 

5483
05:21:00,700 --> 05:21:04,800
mathematics astronomy and 
architecture the Maya creation 

5484
05:21:04,800 --> 05:21:07,400
story, which wouldn't be written
down until much later. 

5485
05:21:07,400 --> 05:21:09,900
Probably has roots in these 
early centuries. 

5486
05:21:09,900 --> 05:21:13,900
According to their mythology, 
the gods tried several times to 

5487
05:21:13,900 --> 05:21:17,500
create beings worthy of worship.
First, making humans from mud 

5488
05:21:17,500 --> 05:21:21,300
who dissolved in the rain, then 
from wood who lacked souls and 

5489
05:21:21,308 --> 05:21:24,600
were destroyed by a great flood.
Finally, they created humans 

5490
05:21:24,600 --> 05:21:27,500
from corndog and these proved 
both durable and properly 

5491
05:21:27,500 --> 05:21:30,500
grateful to their creators. 
This story isn't just Charming 

5492
05:21:30,500 --> 05:21:33,100
mythology. 
It reflects the Meijer deep 

5493
05:21:33,100 --> 05:21:35,500
understanding of their 
relationship with core and by 

5494
05:21:35,500 --> 05:21:39,300
extension with the natural world
that supported them, They saw 

5495
05:21:39,300 --> 05:21:41,400
themselves not as masters of 
their environment. 

5496
05:21:41,400 --> 05:21:44,600
But as participants in an 
ongoing creation story where 

5497
05:21:44,600 --> 05:21:48,500
humans plants animals and gods 
were all connected in an 

5498
05:21:48,500 --> 05:21:50,100
intricate web of mutual 
dependence. 

5499
05:21:50,100 --> 05:21:52,900
A centuries passed these early 
Maya. 

5500
05:21:52,900 --> 05:21:54,900
Communities began to develop. 
Some of the cultural 

5501
05:21:54,900 --> 05:21:57,900
characteristics that would 
define their civilization. 

5502
05:21:57,900 --> 05:22:01,500
They started creating more 
elaborate Pottery decorated with

5503
05:22:01,500 --> 05:22:04,400
designs that would evolve into 
the complex iconography of 

5504
05:22:04,400 --> 05:22:06,600
later. 
My art, they began building 

5505
05:22:06,600 --> 05:22:09,800
their first ceremonial 
structures, modest platforms and

5506
05:22:09,800 --> 05:22:12,400
plazas were communities could 
gather for religious ceremonies 

5507
05:22:12,400 --> 05:22:15,300
and social events. 
Most significantly, they began 

5508
05:22:15,300 --> 05:22:18,100
to develop their understanding 
of time as something cyclical 

5509
05:22:18,100 --> 05:22:21,400
rather than linear, while many 
cultures see time as an arrow. 

5510
05:22:21,400 --> 05:22:24,500
Flying toward an unknown 
destination, the Maya began to 

5511
05:22:24,500 --> 05:22:27,900
conceive of time as a series of 
interlocking Wheels where 

5512
05:22:27,900 --> 05:22:30,800
patterns repeated but never 
exactly replicated themselves. 

5513
05:22:30,800 --> 05:22:33,600
This Insight would have 
eventually lead them to create 

5514
05:22:33,600 --> 05:22:36,200
some of the most sophisticated 
calendars in human history. 

5515
05:22:37,100 --> 05:22:41,800
Buy around 1,000 BCE Meyer 
Society was beginning to show 

5516
05:22:41,800 --> 05:22:44,800
signs of the complexity that 
would characterize its later 

5517
05:22:44,800 --> 05:22:46,800
development. 
Some communities were growing 

5518
05:22:46,800 --> 05:22:50,000
larger and more specialized with
clear evidence of social 

5519
05:22:50,000 --> 05:22:53,800
stratification and occupational.
Diversity trade networks were 

5520
05:22:53,800 --> 05:22:56,200
developing that would eventually
connect Maya cities across 

5521
05:22:56,200 --> 05:22:58,200
hundreds of miles of jungle and 
mountain. 

5522
05:22:58,200 --> 05:23:02,300
And most intriguingly the mayor 
were beginning to experiment 

5523
05:23:02,300 --> 05:23:05,000
with their first attempts at 
Monumental architecture. 

5524
05:23:05,000 --> 05:23:07,700
These early buildings were the 
Towering pyramids. 

5525
05:23:07,700 --> 05:23:09,900
That would later Astound Spanish
conquistadors. 

5526
05:23:10,600 --> 05:23:12,700
But they represented something 
revolutionary. 

5527
05:23:13,500 --> 05:23:16,600
The organized effort of entire 
communities working together to 

5528
05:23:16,600 --> 05:23:20,000
create something that served no 
immediate practical purpose. 

5529
05:23:20,000 --> 05:23:23,200
These structures were built for 
ceremony for worship, for the 

5530
05:23:23,208 --> 05:23:26,600
creation of sacred spaces, where
humans could interact with the 

5531
05:23:26,600 --> 05:23:30,000
Divine, they represented the 
moment when Maya Society had 

5532
05:23:30,000 --> 05:23:33,000
produced enough, surplus food 
and social organization to 

5533
05:23:33,000 --> 05:23:36,600
support pure human ambition, the
desire to create something 

5534
05:23:36,600 --> 05:23:40,200
beautiful and meaningful that 
would Outlast its creators as 

5535
05:23:40,200 --> 05:23:42,900
you settle deeper into sleep. 
Imagined these early May 

5536
05:23:42,900 --> 05:23:47,000
Community clusters of thatched, 
roof houses scattered throughout

5537
05:23:47,000 --> 05:23:50,500
the endless green of the Jungle 
smoke rising from cooking Fires 

5538
05:23:50,500 --> 05:23:53,900
at dusk children playing games, 
that would teach them the 

5539
05:23:53,900 --> 05:23:57,100
skills, they need as adults. 
And everywhere, the patient work

5540
05:23:57,100 --> 05:24:00,400
of building a civilization from 
the ground up, one corner, 

5541
05:24:00,400 --> 05:24:04,000
Colonel one stone block, one 
shared Insight at a Time. 

5542
05:24:04,008 --> 05:24:07,600
Picture yourself floating high 
above the mile World sometime 

5543
05:24:07,600 --> 05:24:10,800
around, 600 CE and prepared to 
be astonished. 

5544
05:24:12,100 --> 05:24:16,200
What did once been an endless 
Green carpet of forest is now 

5545
05:24:16,200 --> 05:24:19,600
dotted with cities that seemed 
to have grown from the jungle 

5546
05:24:19,600 --> 05:24:21,800
itself? 
Pyramid temples rise above the 

5547
05:24:21,800 --> 05:24:24,800
canopy, like Stone mountains, 
dreamed into existence, by 

5548
05:24:24,800 --> 05:24:28,300
particularly ambitious Gods, 
their Limestone surfaces 

5549
05:24:28,300 --> 05:24:31,500
gleaming, white in the tropical 
Sun Plaza, spread between 

5550
05:24:31,500 --> 05:24:34,300
buildings like, perfectly 
manicured, clearings and 

5551
05:24:34,300 --> 05:24:36,500
everywhere. 
You look, there are signs of a 

5552
05:24:36,500 --> 05:24:38,800
civilization operating at the 
height of its powers. 

5553
05:24:38,800 --> 05:24:42,700
This is the classic period when 
Maya civilization reached what 

5554
05:24:42,700 --> 05:24:44,900
archaeologists like to call its 
peak. 

5555
05:24:45,800 --> 05:24:48,000
Though that word hardly does 
Justice to what the mayor 

5556
05:24:48,000 --> 05:24:50,100
achieved. 
It wasn't just that they built 

5557
05:24:50,100 --> 05:24:52,700
bigger buildings or supported 
larger populations though. 

5558
05:24:52,700 --> 05:24:55,800
They did both it was that they 
had created something entirely 

5559
05:24:55,800 --> 05:24:58,900
unprecedented. 
A collection of city-states that

5560
05:24:58,900 --> 05:25:02,600
combined Urban sophistication 
with sustainable agriculture. 

5561
05:25:02,600 --> 05:25:06,200
Monumental architecture with 
precise scientific observation 

5562
05:25:06,200 --> 05:25:10,700
and political complexity with 
genuine artistic achievement to 

5563
05:25:10,700 --> 05:25:14,500
Carl rising from the rainforests
of Guatemala was perhaps the 

5564
05:25:14,500 --> 05:25:16,600
most magnificent of these Urban 
centers. 

5565
05:25:16,600 --> 05:25:20,000
Imagine a city that house 
somewhere between 50,000 and 

5566
05:25:20,000 --> 05:25:24,000
100,000 people at its peak, all 
of them living in a carefully 

5567
05:25:24,000 --> 05:25:26,700
planned, Urban environment that 
worked in harmony with the 

5568
05:25:26,700 --> 05:25:30,200
surrounding Forest, the city's 
Central ceremonial complex 

5569
05:25:30,200 --> 05:25:33,200
featured pyramids that reached 
Heights of over 200 feet. 

5570
05:25:33,900 --> 05:25:37,100
Taller than a 20 story building.
And visible from Miles Away 

5571
05:25:37,100 --> 05:25:40,400
Through the Jungle canopy, but 
to Carl wasn't just impressive 

5572
05:25:40,400 --> 05:25:42,900
for its size. 
It was a remarkable for its 

5573
05:25:42,900 --> 05:25:45,500
sophistication. 
The Maya had solved problems 

5574
05:25:45,500 --> 05:25:47,200
that were challenged urban 
planners today. 

5575
05:25:48,100 --> 05:25:50,800
How do you provide clean water 
for tens of thousands of people 

5576
05:25:50,800 --> 05:25:54,200
in a tropical environment to 
Carl's Engineers created an 

5577
05:25:54,200 --> 05:25:57,200
intricate system of reservoirs 
channels and settling pools that

5578
05:25:57,200 --> 05:26:00,100
collected rainwater during the 
wet season and stored it through

5579
05:26:00,100 --> 05:26:02,800
the dry months. 
The largest of these reservoirs 

5580
05:26:02,800 --> 05:26:06,200
could hold millions of gallons 
of water and the entire system 

5581
05:26:06,200 --> 05:26:09,400
was designed with such 
Precision, that archaeologists 

5582
05:26:09,400 --> 05:26:11,200
are still discovering new 
components. 

5583
05:26:11,200 --> 05:26:14,100
How do you feed a larger Urban 
population with without 

5584
05:26:14,100 --> 05:26:15,500
destroying the surrounding 
environment? 

5585
05:26:16,600 --> 05:26:18,700
The Maya developed. 
What might have been the world's

5586
05:26:18,700 --> 05:26:20,500
first sustainable agricultural 
system? 

5587
05:26:20,500 --> 05:26:23,600
Instead of clearing vast fields 
for monoculture farming. 

5588
05:26:23,600 --> 05:26:26,400
They created what archaeologists
call Forest. 

5589
05:26:26,400 --> 05:26:30,400
Guardians carefully, managed 
areas, where useful trees shrubs

5590
05:26:30,400 --> 05:26:32,300
and ground plants. 
Grew together. 

5591
05:26:32,300 --> 05:26:35,300
In productive Harmony. 
They raise the fields and swampy

5592
05:26:35,300 --> 05:26:38,000
areas using a technique called 
raised field agriculture. 

5593
05:26:38,800 --> 05:26:41,500
Creating elevated plots that 
provided excellent drainage 

5594
05:26:41,500 --> 05:26:44,800
while building incredibly 
fertile soil from composted 

5595
05:26:44,800 --> 05:26:47,500
aquatic plants. 
The city itself was a 

5596
05:26:47,500 --> 05:26:50,200
masterpiece of Urban Design that
would make contemporary city. 

5597
05:26:50,200 --> 05:26:53,300
Planners weep With Envy 
Different neighborhoods were 

5598
05:26:53,300 --> 05:26:56,000
connected by raestone causeways 
that remained possible. 

5599
05:26:56,000 --> 05:26:59,300
Even during the wettest months 
of the rainy season public 

5600
05:26:59,300 --> 05:27:01,600
spaces were designed to 
accommodate both daily 

5601
05:27:01,600 --> 05:27:03,300
activities and massive 
ceremonial. 

5602
05:27:03,300 --> 05:27:06,900
Gatherings residential areas, 
range from Modest compounds for 

5603
05:27:06,900 --> 05:27:10,300
ordinary citizens to elaborate 
Palace complexes for the ruling 

5604
05:27:10,300 --> 05:27:12,700
Elite. 
But even the humblest homes had 

5605
05:27:12,700 --> 05:27:14,900
access to clean water and 
adequate drainage. 

5606
05:27:14,900 --> 05:27:18,300
And then there was palak, 
nestled against the foothills of

5607
05:27:18,300 --> 05:27:20,000
the Chiapas Highlands like a 
jewel. 

5608
05:27:20,000 --> 05:27:23,200
Set in green velvet where to 
call impressed through sheer 

5609
05:27:23,200 --> 05:27:25,700
scale. 
Palenque a greatness through 

5610
05:27:25,700 --> 05:27:27,400
elegance and artistic 
refinement. 

5611
05:27:27,400 --> 05:27:31,000
The famous temple of the 
inscriptions as a tomb for the 

5612
05:27:31,008 --> 05:27:34,800
ruler Keeney Jana picardo 
represents perhaps the Pinnacle 

5613
05:27:34,800 --> 05:27:37,900
of Maya architectural 
achievement a building that 

5614
05:27:37,900 --> 05:27:41,500
functions simultaneously as 
religious Temple, Royals alien 

5615
05:27:41,500 --> 05:27:45,200
and artistic Masterpiece, 
Palenque is artists and 

5616
05:27:45,200 --> 05:27:48,200
Architects of techniques for 
creating spaces that felt both, 

5617
05:27:48,200 --> 05:27:50,600
monumentally impressive and 
intimately human. 

5618
05:27:50,600 --> 05:27:53,200
The palace complex with its 
unique tower. 

5619
05:27:53,200 --> 05:27:56,400
That may have served as an 
astronomical Observatory created

5620
05:27:56,400 --> 05:27:59,200
Courtyards and galleries that 
would have been perfect venues 

5621
05:27:59,200 --> 05:28:02,000
for the court ceremonies that 
were Central to Maya political 

5622
05:28:02,000 --> 05:28:05,700
life in Shadow played across 
carved relief, sculptures within

5623
05:28:05,700 --> 05:28:08,700
Precision, that suggests the 
builders understood exactly how 

5624
05:28:08,700 --> 05:28:11,900
their creation's would look at 
different times of Day and 

5625
05:28:11,900 --> 05:28:15,800
different seasons of the year 
kapan and what is now Honduras 

5626
05:28:15,800 --> 05:28:20,300
represented yet another approach
to Maya urbanism. this city 

5627
05:28:20,300 --> 05:28:22,400
became famous for its 
incredible, artistic 

5628
05:28:22,400 --> 05:28:25,700
achievements, particularly in 
sculpture and hieroglyphic 

5629
05:28:25,700 --> 05:28:28,800
writing the hieroglyphic 
stairway, at kapan contains over

5630
05:28:28,800 --> 05:28:33,400
2,500 individual glyphs making 
it the longest mire inscription 

5631
05:28:33,400 --> 05:28:37,700
ever discovered But beyond its 
role as an ancient library kapan

5632
05:28:37,700 --> 05:28:40,400
was notable for its integration 
with the surrounding landscape. 

5633
05:28:40,400 --> 05:28:43,600
The city's ball court where my 
player played their ritual ball 

5634
05:28:43,600 --> 05:28:46,900
game was positioned with such 
Precision that the sun's 

5635
05:28:46,900 --> 05:28:50,000
movement during the day, created
changing patterns of light and 

5636
05:28:50,000 --> 05:28:53,900
Shadow that probably had 
ceremonial significant each. 

5637
05:28:53,900 --> 05:28:56,900
My city state was unique, but 
they all shared certain 

5638
05:28:56,900 --> 05:28:59,600
characteristics that set them 
apart from other ancient Urban 

5639
05:28:59,600 --> 05:29:01,900
centers. 
They were remarkably green 

5640
05:29:01,900 --> 05:29:04,900
cities, where buildings and 
plazas were integrated with 

5641
05:29:04,900 --> 05:29:07,300
carefully maintained Groves of 
trees and Gardens. 

5642
05:29:07,300 --> 05:29:11,600
They were also incredibly clean.
My cities had sophisticated 

5643
05:29:11,600 --> 05:29:14,800
Waste Management systems and 
maintained public spaces with a 

5644
05:29:14,800 --> 05:29:17,100
level of civic pride. 
That would be admirable in any 

5645
05:29:17,100 --> 05:29:19,300
era. 
The cities were also centers of 

5646
05:29:19,308 --> 05:29:22,400
learning and artistic creation 
on a scale that rivaled 

5647
05:29:22,400 --> 05:29:24,500
anywhere. 
In the Ancient World, Maya 

5648
05:29:24,500 --> 05:29:28,000
scribes and artists worked in 
Palace scriptorium creating 

5649
05:29:28,000 --> 05:29:31,100
books from bark paper and 
decorating buildings with murals

5650
05:29:31,100 --> 05:29:33,700
that combined religious 
symbolism with historical 

5651
05:29:33,700 --> 05:29:36,200
narrative and pure Artistic 
expression. 

5652
05:29:36,200 --> 05:29:38,500
These weren't just functional 
Urban centers. 

5653
05:29:38,500 --> 05:29:41,500
They were conscious attempts to 
create beautiful spaces where 

5654
05:29:41,500 --> 05:29:45,500
human beings could live work and
worship in environments that 

5655
05:29:45,500 --> 05:29:49,400
inspired rather than oppressed. 
Most remarkably, these cities 

5656
05:29:49,400 --> 05:29:52,800
weren't created through slave, 
labor or imperial Conquest in 

5657
05:29:52,800 --> 05:29:55,100
the way that many ancient Urban 
centers, were built 

5658
05:29:55,100 --> 05:29:58,200
archaeological evidence, 
suggests that Maya cities grew 

5659
05:29:58,200 --> 05:30:00,200
through the voluntary, 
Association of farming 

5660
05:30:00,200 --> 05:30:03,400
communities, craft Specialists, 
and ruling Elites who found 

5661
05:30:03,400 --> 05:30:05,300
Mutual benefit in urban 
cooperation. 

5662
05:30:05,300 --> 05:30:08,600
The Magnificent buildings were 
constructed by communities 

5663
05:30:08,600 --> 05:30:11,400
working together during the 
agricultural offseason when 

5664
05:30:11,400 --> 05:30:14,600
farming demands were lighter and
people had time for Monumental 

5665
05:30:14,600 --> 05:30:19,000
projects by 600 CE, dozens of 
these remarkable cities dotted, 

5666
05:30:19,000 --> 05:30:22,500
the mile, landscape each one, a 
unique experiment in how human 

5667
05:30:22,500 --> 05:30:25,400
beings might live together in 
large complex societies. 

5668
05:30:25,400 --> 05:30:27,500
They were connected by trade 
routes. 

5669
05:30:27,500 --> 05:30:31,900
That carried Not Just Goods 
ideas, Artistic Styles and 

5670
05:30:31,900 --> 05:30:35,500
technological innovations across
of miles of Jungle and Mountain 

5671
05:30:35,500 --> 05:30:38,600
a merchant traveling from 
palanque to Copan would have 

5672
05:30:38,600 --> 05:30:41,300
found familiar architectural 
Styles similar religious 

5673
05:30:41,300 --> 05:30:44,800
practices and inscriptions 
written in the same hieroglyphic

5674
05:30:44,800 --> 05:30:48,200
system but also distinctive 
local variations that made each 

5675
05:30:48,200 --> 05:30:52,700
City, a unique Cultural Center. 
These were just cities they were

5676
05:30:52,700 --> 05:30:56,300
Dreams, made manifest in stone 
and mortar testimony to what 

5677
05:30:56,300 --> 05:30:58,700
human beings can achieve. 
When they combine practical 

5678
05:30:58,700 --> 05:31:02,900
intelligence with spiritual 
vision and artistic ambition, as

5679
05:31:02,900 --> 05:31:05,700
you drift towards sleep. 
Imagine yourself walking through

5680
05:31:05,700 --> 05:31:09,000
one of these ancient Urban 
centers at dusk when cooking 

5681
05:31:09,000 --> 05:31:11,700
fires began to twinkle in 
residential compounds. 

5682
05:31:11,700 --> 05:31:14,900
And the last Light of Day 
painted the Limestone pyramids 

5683
05:31:14,900 --> 05:31:18,700
in shade of gold and Rose. 
Imagine your city with a Maya 

5684
05:31:18,700 --> 05:31:21,100
astronomer on the top of a 
pyramid, Temple sometime around 

5685
05:31:21,100 --> 05:31:25,100
700 CE watching the sunset, 
while she explained her latest 

5686
05:31:25,100 --> 05:31:28,600
calculations about Venus Cycles,
the sky above you is beginning 

5687
05:31:28,600 --> 05:31:31,300
to fill with stars that seem 
close enough to touch in the 

5688
05:31:31,300 --> 05:31:34,400
clear tropical air and in her 
hands are bark paper. 

5689
05:31:34,900 --> 05:31:38,000
Filled with numbers and glyphs 
that record centuries of 

5690
05:31:38,000 --> 05:31:40,500
careful. 
Observation this Maya scholar 

5691
05:31:40,500 --> 05:31:43,000
can tell you precisely when 
Venus will next appear as the 

5692
05:31:43,000 --> 05:31:45,300
Morning Star. 
Then the next solar eclipse will

5693
05:31:45,300 --> 05:31:47,300
occur. 
And how many days have passed 

5694
05:31:47,300 --> 05:31:50,100
since the current world began. 
She can calculate these things 

5695
05:31:50,100 --> 05:31:52,600
more accurately than any 
astronomer in Europe will be 

5696
05:31:52,608 --> 05:31:54,300
able to do for another 500 
years. 

5697
05:31:54,300 --> 05:31:57,300
And she'll explain all of this 
not as abstract mathematics. 

5698
05:31:57,300 --> 05:32:00,300
But as part of a grand, Cosmic 
story where numbers and 

5699
05:32:00,300 --> 05:32:04,000
narratives science and 
spirituality are all aspects of 

5700
05:32:04,000 --> 05:32:07,300
the same profound truth about 
how the universe works, the 

5701
05:32:07,300 --> 05:32:09,500
mayor approached knowledge 
differently than we often do 

5702
05:32:09,500 --> 05:32:12,400
today where we tend to separate 
science from religion 

5703
05:32:12,400 --> 05:32:15,900
mathematics from storytelling 
and practical skills from 

5704
05:32:15,900 --> 05:32:19,500
spiritual practices, the Maya 
sought all knowledge, as 

5705
05:32:19,500 --> 05:32:22,300
interconnected aspects of 
understanding creation itself. 

5706
05:32:22,300 --> 05:32:25,900
Their numbers were sacred, their
stories were scientifically 

5707
05:32:25,900 --> 05:32:29,200
precise and their practical 
achievements Grew From spiritual

5708
05:32:29,200 --> 05:32:32,200
insights about the nature of 
reality, consider their 

5709
05:32:32,200 --> 05:32:34,600
mathematics, which was arguably 
more. 

5710
05:32:35,100 --> 05:32:36,900
Decatur than anything being done
in Europe. 

5711
05:32:36,900 --> 05:32:40,200
At the same time, the Maya were 
among the first people in the 

5712
05:32:40,200 --> 05:32:42,300
world to develop a true concept 
of zero. 

5713
05:32:42,300 --> 05:32:44,700
Not just as the absence of 
something. 

5714
05:32:44,700 --> 05:32:47,400
But as a number in its own, 
right, that could be used in 

5715
05:32:47,400 --> 05:32:51,200
calculations, their number 
system was vegetable based on 

5716
05:32:51,200 --> 05:32:54,500
20s rather than our familiar 
based 10 system which actually 

5717
05:32:54,500 --> 05:32:57,300
made certain types of 
calculations easier and more 

5718
05:32:57,300 --> 05:32:59,600
elegant. 
But Maya mathematics wasn't 

5719
05:32:59,600 --> 05:33:02,800
developed primarily for Trader 
engineering though, it certainly

5720
05:33:02,800 --> 05:33:06,300
serve those purposes, it was 
created to understand time 

5721
05:33:06,300 --> 05:33:08,500
itself. 
The Maya were obsessed with 

5722
05:33:08,500 --> 05:33:11,000
temporal patterns in the way 
that some people today are 

5723
05:33:11,000 --> 05:33:14,000
obsessed with sports statistics 
or stock market fluctuations. 

5724
05:33:14,000 --> 05:33:17,300
They track Cycles within Cycles 
within Cycles. 

5725
05:33:17,300 --> 05:33:20,700
Creating calendars that could 
predict events, not just years 

5726
05:33:20,700 --> 05:33:24,000
but thousands of years into the 
future, their most famous 

5727
05:33:24,000 --> 05:33:27,900
calendar often called The Long 
Count measured time from a 

5728
05:33:27,900 --> 05:33:32,700
creation date in 3,140 BCE and 
could track individual days 

5729
05:33:32,700 --> 05:33:34,700
across bands of over 5,000 
years. 

5730
05:33:35,100 --> 05:33:38,000
But that was just one of several
interlocking calendar systems. 

5731
05:33:38,000 --> 05:33:42,100
They use simultaneously the 
sacred calendar or zulk in was a

5732
05:33:42,100 --> 05:33:45,300
260-day cycle. 
That combined 20-day names with 

5733
05:33:45,300 --> 05:33:48,800
13 numbers in combinations that 
were used for divination and 

5734
05:33:48,800 --> 05:33:51,800
ceremony. 
The solar calendar or Harbaugh 

5735
05:33:51,800 --> 05:33:55,800
tractor 365-day year with 18 
months of 20 days. 

5736
05:33:55,800 --> 05:33:59,200
Each plus five extra days that 
were considered a specially 

5737
05:33:59,200 --> 05:34:01,700
dangerous. 
These calendars work together, 

5738
05:34:01,700 --> 05:34:05,600
like gears in an incredibly 
complex, Celestial machine every

5739
05:34:05,600 --> 05:34:07,200
day. 
Had multiple names and numbers 

5740
05:34:07,200 --> 05:34:10,500
depending on which calendar you 
consulted and the combinations 

5741
05:34:10,500 --> 05:34:12,900
created a patterns that repeated
on different scales. 

5742
05:34:13,600 --> 05:34:18,400
Some every 52 years, others 
every 18,980 years. 

5743
05:34:18,400 --> 05:34:20,800
Amaya calendar priest. 
Could tell you not, just what 

5744
05:34:20,800 --> 05:34:24,500
day it was, but where that day 
fit into Cosmic cycles, that 

5745
05:34:24,500 --> 05:34:26,900
connected, the present moment, 
to the very creation of the 

5746
05:34:26,900 --> 05:34:29,100
universe. 
This mathematical Precision 

5747
05:34:29,100 --> 05:34:33,100
served a practical purpose, Maya
Farmers needed to know exactly 

5748
05:34:33,100 --> 05:34:36,700
when to plant their crops when 
to expect rains and when to 

5749
05:34:36,700 --> 05:34:39,900
prepare for dry seasons, Maya 
rulers needed to schedule 

5750
05:34:39,900 --> 05:34:43,400
ceremonies at astrologically. 
Auspicious times and mayor 

5751
05:34:43,400 --> 05:34:45,800
Traders needed to coordinate 
their activities across hundreds

5752
05:34:45,800 --> 05:34:49,000
of miles of jungle, but beyond 
these practical applications 

5753
05:34:49,000 --> 05:34:52,900
Maya calendars, were expression 
of a worldview that saw time not

5754
05:34:52,900 --> 05:34:54,700
as an arrow. 
Flying toward an unknown 

5755
05:34:54,700 --> 05:34:57,300
destination. 
But as a spiral staircase where 

5756
05:34:57,300 --> 05:34:59,900
similar events occurred at 
higher and higher levels of 

5757
05:34:59,900 --> 05:35:03,500
complexity, their astronomical 
observations were equally 

5758
05:35:03,500 --> 05:35:06,800
sophisticated Meyer astronomers 
tracked, not just the obvious 

5759
05:35:06,800 --> 05:35:10,100
cycle of the sun and moon, but 
the more subtle movements of 

5760
05:35:10,100 --> 05:35:13,100
Venus, Mars, Jupiter and other 
celestial. 

5761
05:35:13,500 --> 05:35:17,200
These, they knew that Venus 
takes exactly 584 days to 

5762
05:35:17,200 --> 05:35:20,300
complete its cycle from Morning 
Star to evening star and back 

5763
05:35:20,300 --> 05:35:22,300
again. 
And they had calculated this 

5764
05:35:22,300 --> 05:35:25,000
more accurately than European 
astronomers would manage until 

5765
05:35:25,000 --> 05:35:28,000
the age of telescopes. 
They also understood Eclipse 

5766
05:35:28,000 --> 05:35:30,800
cycles and could predict both 
solar and lunar eclipses years. 

5767
05:35:30,800 --> 05:35:34,700
In advance, this wasn't just 
academic curiosity, Eclipses 

5768
05:35:34,700 --> 05:35:37,300
were considered potentially 
dangerous events that required 

5769
05:35:37,300 --> 05:35:40,000
proper ceremonies to ensure that
the sun or moon would return 

5770
05:35:40,000 --> 05:35:42,300
safely. 
Maya rulers, often scheduled 

5771
05:35:42,300 --> 05:35:45,400
major military campaigns to 
coincide with astronomical 

5772
05:35:45,400 --> 05:35:47,900
events. 
Believing that Cosmic conditions

5773
05:35:47,900 --> 05:35:50,600
could influence the outcomes of 
Earthly conflicts. 

5774
05:35:50,600 --> 05:35:53,600
Most remarkably, the Maya 
understood that their 

5775
05:35:53,600 --> 05:35:56,400
astronomical observations were 
in perfect and needed constant, 

5776
05:35:56,400 --> 05:36:00,500
correction, they knew that their
365-day solar year was slightly 

5777
05:36:00,500 --> 05:36:03,300
too short and had developed 
methods for adjusting their 

5778
05:36:03,300 --> 05:36:06,200
calendars to account for the 
accumulation of small errors, 

5779
05:36:06,200 --> 05:36:09,100
over long periods. 
European calendars of the same 

5780
05:36:09,100 --> 05:36:12,100
period were less accurate and 
required frequent arbitrary 

5781
05:36:12,100 --> 05:36:15,300
adjustments that the Maya system
handled automatically, my 

5782
05:36:15,300 --> 05:36:18,200
writing was equally 
sophisticated representing one 

5783
05:36:18,200 --> 05:36:21,000
of only four or five writing 
systems that were independently 

5784
05:36:21,000 --> 05:36:24,400
invented in human history. 
Maya glyphs combined logo, 

5785
05:36:24,400 --> 05:36:27,800
graphic, symbols representing 
whole words or concepts with 

5786
05:36:27,800 --> 05:36:31,700
phonetic symbols representing. 
Sounds creating a flexible 

5787
05:36:31,700 --> 05:36:34,700
system that could express 
everything from Lane 

5788
05:36:34,700 --> 05:36:37,400
administrative records, to 
complex philosophical and 

5789
05:36:37,400 --> 05:36:41,100
astronomical Concepts Maya 
books, written on bark paper. 

5790
05:36:41,100 --> 05:36:44,300
And coated with lime plaster 
covered subjects ranging from 

5791
05:36:44,300 --> 05:36:47,300
historical Chronicles to 
astronomical tables to Medical 

5792
05:36:47,300 --> 05:36:50,300
prescriptions. 
Sadly Spanish conquistadors and 

5793
05:36:50,300 --> 05:36:53,500
missionaries destroyed most Maya
books considering them works of 

5794
05:36:53,508 --> 05:36:56,800
the devil, only four complete 
Maya, codices survived today. 

5795
05:36:56,800 --> 05:36:59,900
But these give us glimpses of 
literature that was probably as 

5796
05:36:59,900 --> 05:37:02,500
rich and varied as that of any 
ancient civilization. 

5797
05:37:02,500 --> 05:37:05,600
The Maya conception of the 
universe was both scientifically

5798
05:37:05,600 --> 05:37:07,600
sophisticated and deeply 
spiritual. 

5799
05:37:07,600 --> 05:37:10,800
They envisioned creation as a 
series of interconnected layers 

5800
05:37:10,800 --> 05:37:14,300
with the Earth, floating like a 
turtle shell on a primordial sea

5801
05:37:14,300 --> 05:37:17,500
surrounded by a multi-layered 
heaven, where various Gods, 

5802
05:37:17,500 --> 05:37:21,100
resided time moved in Cycles 
with each major cycle, ending in

5803
05:37:21,108 --> 05:37:23,300
destruction and renewal as the 
gods. 

5804
05:37:23,300 --> 05:37:27,600
Experimented with new forms of 
creation, humans made from kondo

5805
05:37:27,600 --> 05:37:30,700
in the current creation, had a 
responsibility to maintain the 

5806
05:37:30,700 --> 05:37:33,900
universe through proper ceremony
and ritual, Maya, rulers were 

5807
05:37:33,900 --> 05:37:36,800
just Political leaders. 
They were intermediaries between

5808
05:37:36,800 --> 05:37:40,000
human and divine Realms. 
Responsible for ensuring that 

5809
05:37:40,000 --> 05:37:42,600
Cosmic order was maintained 
through their actions and 

5810
05:37:42,600 --> 05:37:45,800
ceremonies this worldview. 
Produced a unique approach to 

5811
05:37:45,800 --> 05:37:48,100
knowledge that modern Scholars 
are still trying to fully 

5812
05:37:48,100 --> 05:37:52,100
understand Maya, scribes and 
Priests were simultaneously. 

5813
05:37:52,100 --> 05:37:56,900
Scientists historians 
mathematicians, astronomers and 

5814
05:37:56,900 --> 05:37:59,300
theologians. 
They saw no contradiction 

5815
05:37:59,300 --> 05:38:03,000
between precise observation and 
mythological narrative between 

5816
05:38:03,000 --> 05:38:06,500
practical calculation and 
spiritual insight as you settle 

5817
05:38:06,500 --> 05:38:08,800
into sleep. 
Imagine yourself in a mayor 

5818
05:38:08,800 --> 05:38:11,900
scriptoria surrounded by 
Scholars, working by the light 

5819
05:38:11,900 --> 05:38:15,100
of pine torches carefully. 
Drawing glyphs that encode 

5820
05:38:15,100 --> 05:38:18,400
centuries of accumulated wisdom 
of about astronomy mathematics 

5821
05:38:18,400 --> 05:38:22,500
history and the fundamental 
nature of reality itself, 

5822
05:38:22,500 --> 05:38:25,500
picture books, filled with 
numbers that track the movements

5823
05:38:25,500 --> 05:38:29,000
of planets and stories, that 
explain why those movements 

5824
05:38:29,000 --> 05:38:31,400
matter. 
All preserved in a writing 

5825
05:38:31,400 --> 05:38:34,700
system that was among Humanity's
greatest intellectual 

5826
05:38:34,700 --> 05:38:36,900
achievements. 
Let the Morning Mist in your 

5827
05:38:36,900 --> 05:38:39,600
mind's eye part to reveal a 
typical day in a classic, Maya 

5828
05:38:39,600 --> 05:38:42,700
City that sometime around 750 
CE. 

5829
05:38:42,700 --> 05:38:46,300
The sun is just beginning to 
filter through the forest canopy

5830
05:38:46,300 --> 05:38:48,700
and you can hear the daily 
Symphony beginnings. 

5831
05:38:49,400 --> 05:38:53,000
How a monkey is announcing the 
dawn from the Treetops, the soft

5832
05:38:53,000 --> 05:38:56,800
slap slap of women shaping corn,
tortillas, the scrape of 

5833
05:38:56,808 --> 05:39:00,300
obsidian blades against Stone as
Craftsmen prepare for their 

5834
05:39:00,300 --> 05:39:02,800
day's work and the gentle murmur
of early Market. 

5835
05:39:02,800 --> 05:39:06,200
Conversations your standing in a
residential compound that 

5836
05:39:06,200 --> 05:39:10,500
houses, an extended Myer family,
perhaps 20 or 30 people, spread 

5837
05:39:10,500 --> 05:39:13,400
across three generations, all 
living in interconnected 

5838
05:39:13,400 --> 05:39:15,200
buildings, arranged around a 
central Courtyard. 

5839
05:39:15,200 --> 05:39:18,400
The architecture here tells a 
story of practical wisdom 

5840
05:39:18,400 --> 05:39:22,100
accumulated over centuries. 
The house is raised on low Stone

5841
05:39:22,100 --> 05:39:23,600
platforms. 
That keep floors dry. 

5842
05:39:23,600 --> 05:39:26,700
During the rainy season, with 
walls of stone and mortar 

5843
05:39:26,700 --> 05:39:30,100
supporting roofs thatched with 
palm fronds in overlapping 

5844
05:39:30,100 --> 05:39:33,700
patterns that can shed the 
heaviest tropical downpour the 

5845
05:39:33,700 --> 05:39:36,500
day begins as it has for. 
Countless, generation's with the

5846
05:39:36,508 --> 05:39:39,700
preparation of corn, This isn't 
just breakfast. 

5847
05:39:40,700 --> 05:39:43,000
It's sacred act that connects 
the family to the gods who 

5848
05:39:43,008 --> 05:39:46,400
created humans from kondo. 
The woman of the house Rises 

5849
05:39:46,400 --> 05:39:49,900
Before Dawn, to begin the 
process of making Masa the corn 

5850
05:39:49,900 --> 05:39:52,900
dough that forms the basis of 
almost every Maya meal. 

5851
05:39:52,900 --> 05:39:56,900
First, she boils dried corn 
kernels, with lime, a technique 

5852
05:39:56,900 --> 05:39:59,600
that not only softens the corn 
but makes its nutrients more 

5853
05:39:59,600 --> 05:40:03,200
accessible to human digestion. 
The Maya discovered this process

5854
05:40:03,200 --> 05:40:06,500
in dependently and it still used
today in traditional Mexican 

5855
05:40:06,500 --> 05:40:09,800
cooking. 
While the corn boils, she tends 

5856
05:40:09,800 --> 05:40:12,400
to the cooking fire feeding it 
with carefully. 

5857
05:40:12,400 --> 05:40:15,600
Selected Hardwoods that burn hot
and clean Maya. 

5858
05:40:15,600 --> 05:40:18,600
Cooking fires were marvels of 
efficiency designed to provide 

5859
05:40:18,600 --> 05:40:22,500
maximum heat with minimum smoke 
important in houses where the 

5860
05:40:22,508 --> 05:40:25,000
kitchen might be just steps away
from the sleeping areas. 

5861
05:40:25,000 --> 05:40:28,300
The Hearth itself is typically 
composed of three stones 

5862
05:40:28,300 --> 05:40:30,400
arranged in a triangle, the 
design. 

5863
05:40:30,400 --> 05:40:33,700
So practical that it still used 
in rural Guatemala and Mexico 

5864
05:40:33,700 --> 05:40:36,900
today. 
As the corn Cooks other family 

5865
05:40:36,900 --> 05:40:38,600
members begin their daily 
routines. 

5866
05:40:38,600 --> 05:40:41,500
The men might head to the 
families agricultural plots, 

5867
05:40:41,500 --> 05:40:44,400
which could be anywhere from a 
few hundred yards to several 

5868
05:40:44,400 --> 05:40:46,100
miles from the residential 
compound. 

5869
05:40:47,000 --> 05:40:50,700
Meyer farming was incredibly 
sophisticated adapted to make 

5870
05:40:50,700 --> 05:40:54,200
the most of local conditions in 
areas with good drainage they 

5871
05:40:54,200 --> 05:40:56,000
used raised beds. 
That could be intensively 

5872
05:40:56,000 --> 05:41:00,100
cultivated year after year. 
In swampy areas, they created 

5873
05:41:00,100 --> 05:41:02,800
raised fields, that turned 
seasonal Wetlands into some of 

5874
05:41:02,800 --> 05:41:05,300
the most productive agricultural
land in the ancient world. 

5875
05:41:06,500 --> 05:41:09,900
But my men didn't just grow 
corn, a typical family plot 

5876
05:41:09,900 --> 05:41:12,800
might include dozens of 
different food, plants beans, 

5877
05:41:12,800 --> 05:41:15,500
that climbed up corn stalks and 
fixed nitrogen in the soil. 

5878
05:41:15,500 --> 05:41:18,800
Squashed that spread along the 
ground and provided both food 

5879
05:41:18,800 --> 05:41:21,600
and storage containers. 
Chile Peppers, that added flavor

5880
05:41:21,600 --> 05:41:24,300
and helped preserve food and 
fruit trees. 

5881
05:41:24,300 --> 05:41:27,300
That provided everything from 
avocados to cacao beans. 

5882
05:41:27,300 --> 05:41:30,600
This polyculture approach wasn't
just more sustainable than 

5883
05:41:30,600 --> 05:41:34,100
monoculture farming, it also 
provided better nutrition and 

5884
05:41:34,100 --> 05:41:38,000
greater food security. 
Maya women, meanwhile were 

5885
05:41:38,000 --> 05:41:40,900
equally busy with activities, 
that required just as much skill

5886
05:41:40,900 --> 05:41:43,600
and knowledge. 
After grinding corn into Mesa on

5887
05:41:43,608 --> 05:41:46,600
Stone metates, grinding stones, 
that were often family, 

5888
05:41:46,600 --> 05:41:48,500
heirlooms passed down through 
generations. 

5889
05:41:48,500 --> 05:41:52,400
They would shape the dough into 
tortillas or tamales flavoring 

5890
05:41:52,400 --> 05:41:55,200
them with beans, meat 
vegetables, or even chocolate 

5891
05:41:55,200 --> 05:41:58,500
for special occasions. 
But food preparation was just 

5892
05:41:58,500 --> 05:42:02,100
one aspect of women's work. 
Maya women were all responsible 

5893
05:42:02,100 --> 05:42:05,100
for textile production. 
Which in the ancient Maya world 

5894
05:42:05,100 --> 05:42:08,200
was both a practical necessity 
and a high art form using 

5895
05:42:08,200 --> 05:42:10,300
backstrap looms. 
That could be set up anywhere. 

5896
05:42:10,300 --> 05:42:13,800
Maya Weaver's created textiles, 
so fine, that Spanish 

5897
05:42:13,800 --> 05:42:16,700
conquistadors, compared them 
favorably to the best European 

5898
05:42:16,700 --> 05:42:19,900
silks, the cotton, or a Garvey. 
Fibers were often died with 

5899
05:42:19,900 --> 05:42:21,800
colors. 
Extracted from local, plants 

5900
05:42:21,800 --> 05:42:26,300
insects, and minerals, creating 
textiles that served as markers 

5901
05:42:26,300 --> 05:42:29,800
of social status, Regional 
identity and artistic 

5902
05:42:29,800 --> 05:42:32,700
achievement children. 
In Maya households, learned 

5903
05:42:32,700 --> 05:42:36,400
through participation rather 
than formal instruction, A 

5904
05:42:36,400 --> 05:42:39,000
five-year-old might help sort 
beans or feed chickens. 

5905
05:42:39,000 --> 05:42:41,700
While older children gradually 
took on more complex, 

5906
05:42:41,700 --> 05:42:45,300
responsibilities boys, learned 
farming, technique construction 

5907
05:42:45,300 --> 05:42:48,000
skills, and perhaps specialized 
crafts from their fathers and 

5908
05:42:48,000 --> 05:42:51,900
uncles girls learned food, 
preparation, textile, production

5909
05:42:51,900 --> 05:42:55,300
and household management from 
their mothers and aunts, but 

5910
05:42:55,300 --> 05:42:58,100
both boys and girls learned the 
basics of Maya mathematics, 

5911
05:42:58,100 --> 05:43:02,000
astronomy and calendar 
calculation, Knowledge. 

5912
05:43:02,000 --> 05:43:04,500
That was considered essential 
for proper participation in 

5913
05:43:04,500 --> 05:43:08,300
Maya, Society, education, also 
included, learning to read at 

5914
05:43:08,300 --> 05:43:10,900
least some Maya. 
Glyphs the full literacy was 

5915
05:43:10,900 --> 05:43:13,400
probably limited to scribes 
priests and Nobles. 

5916
05:43:13,400 --> 05:43:16,700
Most Maya families would have 
known enough glyphs to read 

5917
05:43:16,700 --> 05:43:20,300
calendrical dates recognize the 
names of gods and rulers and 

5918
05:43:20,300 --> 05:43:23,200
understand basic religious, and 
administrative texts. 

5919
05:43:23,200 --> 05:43:26,300
This level of literacy was 
actually quite remarkable for 

5920
05:43:26,300 --> 05:43:29,300
the ancient world, where reading
and writing were often 

5921
05:43:29,300 --> 05:43:31,400
restricted to Tiny educated 
Elites. 

5922
05:43:32,300 --> 05:43:34,600
The mayor work day was 
structured around the natural 

5923
05:43:34,600 --> 05:43:38,500
rhythms of tropical life, people
Rose Before Dawn when the air 

5924
05:43:38,500 --> 05:43:39,900
was cool and the forest was 
quiet. 

5925
05:43:40,700 --> 05:43:43,100
The most strenuous work was done
in the morning and late 

5926
05:43:43,100 --> 05:43:46,000
afternoon with a long rest 
period during the hottest part 

5927
05:43:46,000 --> 05:43:48,000
of the day, this wasn't 
laziness. 

5928
05:43:48,000 --> 05:43:51,400
It was intelligent adaptation to
a climate where working through 

5929
05:43:51,400 --> 05:43:54,600
the midday heat could be 
genuinely dangerous markets, 

5930
05:43:54,600 --> 05:43:58,200
were Central to Mayor daily life
serving, not just as places to 

5931
05:43:58,200 --> 05:44:01,200
buy and sell Goods, but a social
centers, where news was 

5932
05:44:01,200 --> 05:44:05,500
exchanged marriages arranged and
Community decisions discussed 

5933
05:44:06,100 --> 05:44:10,300
Typical Myer Market was a riot 
of color sound and smell that 

5934
05:44:10,300 --> 05:44:12,800
would overwhelm most modern 
Shoppers vendors. 

5935
05:44:12,800 --> 05:44:15,900
Displayed pyramids of chili 
peppers in every shade from Deep

5936
05:44:15,900 --> 05:44:19,200
Red to bright yellow. 
Baskets of cacao beans, that 

5937
05:44:19,200 --> 05:44:22,600
served both as flavoring and 
currency Jade, ornaments, that 

5938
05:44:22,600 --> 05:44:26,000
caught the light like trapped 
sunbeams and textiles, whose 

5939
05:44:26,000 --> 05:44:29,800
intricate patterns told stories 
of gods Heroes and Cosmic 

5940
05:44:29,800 --> 05:44:31,600
events. 
The diversity of goods 

5941
05:44:31,600 --> 05:44:33,700
available. 
In Maya markets, testifies to 

5942
05:44:33,700 --> 05:44:36,800
the sophistication of their 
trade, networks obsidian blades 

5943
05:44:36,800 --> 05:44:40,700
from Guatemala, Jade, from the 
mountains of Honduras, quetzal 

5944
05:44:40,700 --> 05:44:43,700
feathers, from Hyland Cloud. 
Forests salt from Coastal, 

5945
05:44:43,700 --> 05:44:47,300
lagoons and seashells from both 
Pacific and Caribbean coasts, 

5946
05:44:47,300 --> 05:44:51,300
all found their way to markets 
of miles from their sources. 

5947
05:44:51,300 --> 05:44:54,800
Maya Merchants traveled on foot 
along, jungle parks and stone 

5948
05:44:54,800 --> 05:44:58,800
Kors carrying goods in large, 
baskets supported by templates 

5949
05:44:58,800 --> 05:45:01,600
across their foreheads. 
A carrying technique that 

5950
05:45:01,600 --> 05:45:04,400
distributed weights. 
So efficiently that a single 

5951
05:45:04,400 --> 05:45:07,600
Porter could transport Loads 
that were Challenger pack mule 

5952
05:45:07,600 --> 05:45:11,000
evening's in Maya communities 
were times for social activities

5953
05:45:11,000 --> 05:45:13,900
that reinforced Community bonds 
and transmitted cultural 

5954
05:45:13,900 --> 05:45:17,300
knowledge extended families 
gathered around cooking fires to

5955
05:45:17,300 --> 05:45:20,300
share meals and stories. 
With older, relatives recounting

5956
05:45:20,300 --> 05:45:22,800
traditional tales, that 
preserved historical memory and 

5957
05:45:22,800 --> 05:45:24,900
moral instruction. 
These weren't just 

5958
05:45:24,900 --> 05:45:27,400
entertainment. 
They were the primary means by 

5959
05:45:27,400 --> 05:45:30,500
which Maya communities maintain 
their cultural identity across 

5960
05:45:30,500 --> 05:45:33,500
Generations. 
Religious observances were woven

5961
05:45:33,500 --> 05:45:35,900
throughout daily life in ways 
that would seem natural to the 

5962
05:45:35,900 --> 05:45:38,600
Maya, but might surprise modern 
observers. 

5963
05:45:38,600 --> 05:45:42,100
Every significant activity began
with small ceremonies 

5964
05:45:42,100 --> 05:45:44,600
acknowledging, the gods and 
Spirits who governed different 

5965
05:45:44,600 --> 05:45:48,200
aspects of Life Farmers, offered
prayers and small gifts to the 

5966
05:45:48,200 --> 05:45:50,400
Rain. 
God before planting Craftsman 

5967
05:45:50,400 --> 05:45:53,000
blessed, their tools before 
beginning, important projects 

5968
05:45:53,000 --> 05:45:56,500
and families performed daily 
rituals to honor their ancestors

5969
05:45:56,500 --> 05:45:59,700
and maintain spiritual 
protection for their homes. 

5970
05:45:59,700 --> 05:46:03,900
The mayor de Ended as it began 
with ceremony in gratitude, as 

5971
05:46:03,900 --> 05:46:05,800
cooking, fires burned, low, and 
Families. 

5972
05:46:06,100 --> 05:46:09,300
For sleep, they might offer. 
Thanks to the gods for the day's

5973
05:46:09,300 --> 05:46:12,200
blessings and protection burn 
incense to purify their living 

5974
05:46:12,200 --> 05:46:14,800
spaces and recite prayers that 
connected. 

5975
05:46:14,800 --> 05:46:17,800
Their daily activities to the 
larger, Cosmic order that gave 

5976
05:46:17,800 --> 05:46:20,500
meaning to my life. 
As you drift towards sleep 

5977
05:46:20,500 --> 05:46:23,100
yourself. 
Imagine The Gentle sounds of a 

5978
05:46:23,100 --> 05:46:25,500
Maya evening. 
The soft conversations of 

5979
05:46:25,508 --> 05:46:28,900
families settling in for the 
night, the distant call of night

5980
05:46:28,900 --> 05:46:30,900
birds. 
In the forest, The Whisper Of 

5981
05:46:30,908 --> 05:46:35,300
Wind Through Palm thatch roofs. 
And Underlying it all the quiet 

5982
05:46:35,308 --> 05:46:37,800
confidence of a people who had 
learned to live in harmony with 

5983
05:46:37,800 --> 05:46:40,300
their environment. 
And with each other picture, 

5984
05:46:40,300 --> 05:46:43,300
yourself, floating above, the 
mile World, sometime around, 900

5985
05:46:43,300 --> 05:46:47,000
CE and noticed that something 
has changed in the forest below.

5986
05:46:47,900 --> 05:46:50,200
The great cities that once 
gleamed white through, the 

5987
05:46:50,200 --> 05:46:52,800
canopy are beginning to show 
signs of Abandonment. 

5988
05:46:52,800 --> 05:46:56,200
Some pyramids are already being 
reclaimed by Vines and young 

5989
05:46:56,200 --> 05:46:59,600
trees classes that once hosted 
thousands of people for 

5990
05:46:59,600 --> 05:47:02,300
religious ceremonies. 
Now, stand at the except for the

5991
05:47:02,308 --> 05:47:05,600
occasional deer or Jaguar 
picking its way carefully across

5992
05:47:05,600 --> 05:47:08,700
ancient stone Paving. 
This is one of our geology is 

5993
05:47:08,700 --> 05:47:12,600
most fascinating Mysteries. 
The so called Maya collapse. 

5994
05:47:13,300 --> 05:47:15,400
Though that word suggests 
something more dramatic and 

5995
05:47:15,400 --> 05:47:17,100
sudden than what actually 
occurred. 

5996
05:47:17,900 --> 05:47:20,900
The Maya didn't disappear 
overnight like characters in a 

5997
05:47:20,900 --> 05:47:23,000
fairy tale. 
Instead their civilization 

5998
05:47:23,000 --> 05:47:24,800
underwent, a gradual 
transformation that 

5999
05:47:24,800 --> 05:47:26,900
archaeologists are still trying 
to fully understand. 

6000
05:47:26,900 --> 05:47:31,700
The changes began subtly like a 
symphony gradually shifting from

6001
05:47:31,700 --> 05:47:35,300
major to minor key in some 
cities fewer new monuments were 

6002
05:47:35,300 --> 05:47:39,600
erected in others construction. 
Projects were left unfinished as

6003
05:47:39,600 --> 05:47:42,000
if the workers had simply put 
down their tools one day and 

6004
05:47:42,000 --> 05:47:45,100
walked away trade routes that 
had connected Maya cities for 

6005
05:47:45,108 --> 05:47:47,000
centuries began to show less 
traffic. 

6006
05:47:48,000 --> 05:47:50,400
Careful maintenance that had 
kept Urban Water Systems 

6007
05:47:50,400 --> 05:47:54,100
functioning started to slack off
by around 900 CE. 

6008
05:47:54,100 --> 05:47:57,200
Many of the Great classic. 
My cities had been largely 

6009
05:47:57,200 --> 05:48:00,500
abandoned their population, 
scattered to smaller settlements

6010
05:48:00,500 --> 05:48:04,400
or migrated to new regions in 
entirely, it was as if the Maya 

6011
05:48:04,400 --> 05:48:07,300
had decided that urban life, 
which had served them so well 

6012
05:48:07,300 --> 05:48:10,300
for over 1,000 years was no 
longer worth the effort it 

6013
05:48:10,308 --> 05:48:12,600
required. 
What caused this? 

6014
05:48:12,600 --> 05:48:15,300
Dramatic shift. 
Archaeologists have proposed, 

6015
05:48:15,300 --> 05:48:18,600
numerous theories and the truth.
Probably involves a combination 

6016
05:48:18,600 --> 05:48:21,200
of factors rather than any 
single catastrophe. 

6017
05:48:21,200 --> 05:48:24,500
Climate data suggests that the 
Maya World experienced a series 

6018
05:48:24,500 --> 05:48:26,600
of severe droughts during the 
8th and 9th. 

6019
05:48:26,600 --> 05:48:30,200
Centuries, some lasting for 
decades, for a civilization that

6020
05:48:30,200 --> 05:48:32,400
depended on carefully, managed 
Water Systems. 

6021
05:48:32,400 --> 05:48:35,000
These droughts would have posed 
enormous challenges. 

6022
05:48:35,000 --> 05:48:38,800
Imagine trying to maintain a 
city of 50,000 people when your 

6023
05:48:38,800 --> 05:48:41,300
reservoirs are running dry and 
the rains that usually refill 

6024
05:48:41,300 --> 05:48:44,400
them keep failing to arrive. 
Maya Engineers, are designed 

6025
05:48:44,400 --> 05:48:46,900
their Urban Water Systems to 
handle normal variations in 

6026
05:48:46,900 --> 05:48:50,100
rainfall but they hadn't planned
for the kind of extended dry 

6027
05:48:50,100 --> 05:48:53,400
periods that apparently occurred
during this time as water became

6028
05:48:53,400 --> 05:48:57,200
scarce Urban population's, would
have been forced to disperse to 

6029
05:48:57,200 --> 05:48:59,800
areas where smaller scale 
farming and water collection 

6030
05:48:59,800 --> 05:49:02,500
were more viable. 
But climate change alone 

6031
05:49:02,500 --> 05:49:05,100
probably wouldn't have caused 
such widespread Urban 

6032
05:49:05,100 --> 05:49:08,000
abandonment. 
My cities had survived droughts 

6033
05:49:08,000 --> 05:49:10,600
before and had developed 
sophisticated methods for water 

6034
05:49:10,600 --> 05:49:13,500
conservation and management. 
Something else must have made 

6035
05:49:13,500 --> 05:49:15,900
their Urban centers less 
resilient than they had been in 

6036
05:49:15,900 --> 05:49:18,600
early as centuries. 
One possibility is that my 

6037
05:49:18,600 --> 05:49:21,500
cities had simply grown too 
large and complex for their own 

6038
05:49:21,500 --> 05:49:23,600
good. 
By the 8th Century. 

6039
05:49:23,600 --> 05:49:26,500
Some Maya Urban centers 
supported populations that 

6040
05:49:26,500 --> 05:49:29,300
strained even their 
sophisticated Agricultural and 

6041
05:49:29,300 --> 05:49:32,100
Water Management Systems. 
When environmental stresses 

6042
05:49:32,100 --> 05:49:34,900
occurred, these large 
concentrations of people may 

6043
05:49:34,900 --> 05:49:38,200
have become unsustainable 
There's also evidence for 

6044
05:49:38,200 --> 05:49:41,200
increasing Warfare between Maya 
city-states during this period. 

6045
05:49:41,200 --> 05:49:45,300
Earlier Maya conflicts have been
relatively limited Affairs more 

6046
05:49:45,300 --> 05:49:48,200
like elaborate tournaments than 
walls of Conquest, but by the 

6047
05:49:48,200 --> 05:49:50,900
late classic, period mayor 
Warfare seems to have become 

6048
05:49:50,908 --> 05:49:53,900
more destructive with cities 
being attacked, not just for 

6049
05:49:53,900 --> 05:49:56,900
Prestige or tribute, but for 
complete conquest and 

6050
05:49:56,900 --> 05:50:00,100
destruction, this escalation in 
violence, may have been both the

6051
05:50:00,100 --> 05:50:02,700
cause and a consequence of the 
other stresses affecting my 

6052
05:50:02,700 --> 05:50:06,200
Society. 
As resources became scarce due 

6053
05:50:06,200 --> 05:50:09,400
to drought and overpopulation 
competition between cities 

6054
05:50:09,400 --> 05:50:11,700
intensified. 
As Warfare became more 

6055
05:50:11,700 --> 05:50:14,700
destructive, it became harder 
for cities to maintain the 

6056
05:50:14,700 --> 05:50:18,000
Cooperative relationships that 
allowed Maya civilization to 

6057
05:50:18,000 --> 05:50:21,000
flourish. 
Political factors also played a 

6058
05:50:21,000 --> 05:50:22,900
role, the elaborate Royal 
courts. 

6059
05:50:22,900 --> 05:50:26,100
The had governed my City's 
required enormous resources to 

6060
05:50:26,100 --> 05:50:28,200
maintain King's and Nobles 
needed. 

6061
05:50:28,200 --> 05:50:32,300
Magnificent palaces, elaborate 
ceremonies and costly trade 

6062
05:50:32,300 --> 05:50:35,500
goods, to demonstrate their 
Divine Authority, and maintain 

6063
05:50:35,500 --> 05:50:38,600
political legitimacy as economic
stress and creased. 

6064
05:50:38,600 --> 05:50:41,400
These costs may have become 
increasingly burdened from 

6065
05:50:41,400 --> 05:50:44,900
ordinary Maya farmers and 
Craftsmen Archaeological 

6066
05:50:44,900 --> 05:50:47,800
evidence suggests that during 
this period, the gap between 

6067
05:50:47,800 --> 05:50:50,100
Maya Elites and commoners was 
growing wider. 

6068
05:50:50,100 --> 05:50:53,400
While Nobles continued to build 
elaborate palaces and fill their

6069
05:50:53,408 --> 05:50:56,900
tombs with Jade and gold, 
ordinary Maya households show 

6070
05:50:56,900 --> 05:51:00,500
signs of economic stress and 
reduced access to luxury goods. 

6071
05:51:00,500 --> 05:51:04,100
This growing inequality may have
undermined the social cohesion 

6072
05:51:04,100 --> 05:51:07,100
that had made large Maya cities 
possible but perhaps most 

6073
05:51:07,100 --> 05:51:10,300
importantly, the environmental 
knowledge that had allowed the 

6074
05:51:10,300 --> 05:51:12,900
mayor to create sustainable, 
Urban centers, in tropical 

6075
05:51:12,900 --> 05:51:17,100
forests as being forgotten, or 
ignored a cities, grew larger 

6076
05:51:17,100 --> 05:51:19,500
and more complex. 
Their inhabitants may have 

6077
05:51:19,508 --> 05:51:22,500
become increasingly disconnected
from the natural systems that 

6078
05:51:22,500 --> 05:51:24,900
supported them. 
The careful balance between 

6079
05:51:24,900 --> 05:51:26,900
human needs and environmental 
capacity. 

6080
05:51:26,900 --> 05:51:30,600
That had characterized early, 
Maya civilization seems to have 

6081
05:51:30,608 --> 05:51:33,400
been disrupted. 
However, its crucial to 

6082
05:51:33,400 --> 05:51:36,000
understand that what 
archaeologists call the Maya 

6083
05:51:36,000 --> 05:51:39,700
collapse wasn't the end of Maya 
civilization, it was a 

6084
05:51:39,700 --> 05:51:42,700
transformation while the great 
cities of the classic period 

6085
05:51:42,700 --> 05:51:45,600
were being abandoned. 
Maya Community is were adapting 

6086
05:51:45,600 --> 05:51:49,000
and evolving, a new Direction's.
Some moved to areas that were 

6087
05:51:49,000 --> 05:51:52,500
less affected by drought others.
Develop new forms of political 

6088
05:51:52,500 --> 05:51:55,000
organization that were more 
resilient to environmental 

6089
05:51:55,000 --> 05:51:59,500
stress and many simply returned 
to the smaller scale, more 

6090
05:51:59,500 --> 05:52:02,500
sustainable ways of life that 
had characterized early 

6091
05:52:02,500 --> 05:52:05,900
appearance of Maya history in 
the northern Yucatan, Maya 

6092
05:52:05,900 --> 05:52:08,600
civilization experience what 
archaeologists call a 

6093
05:52:08,600 --> 05:52:10,300
Renaissance during the post 
classic period. 

6094
05:52:11,000 --> 05:52:14,000
Cities like Chichen, Itza. 
And later, Maya pan became major

6095
05:52:14,000 --> 05:52:17,000
centers of trade learning and 
political power. 

6096
05:52:17,000 --> 05:52:21,100
These Northern cities developed 
new architectural Styles, new 

6097
05:52:21,100 --> 05:52:24,200
forms of political organization,
and new relationships with other

6098
05:52:24,200 --> 05:52:27,800
Mesoamerican civilizations. 
The Maya of the postclassic 

6099
05:52:27,800 --> 05:52:30,800
period were different from their
classic predecessors, but they 

6100
05:52:30,800 --> 05:52:34,100
weren't lesser They had learned 
from the experiences of the 

6101
05:52:34,100 --> 05:52:37,300
classic cities and developed 
more flexible adaptable, 

6102
05:52:37,300 --> 05:52:40,400
approaches to Urban Life instead
of the highly centralized 

6103
05:52:40,400 --> 05:52:42,800
city-states of the classic 
period post. 

6104
05:52:42,800 --> 05:52:45,100
Classic Myer. 
Society was organized around 

6105
05:52:45,100 --> 05:52:48,400
Luther Confederation of cities 
and towns, that could better 

6106
05:52:48,400 --> 05:52:51,200
whether political and 
environmental crises trade 

6107
05:52:51,200 --> 05:52:54,300
became increasingly important. 
During this period with Maya, 

6108
05:52:54,300 --> 05:52:56,600
Merchants establishing 
commercial networks, that 

6109
05:52:56,600 --> 05:53:00,800
extended from Central Mexico to 
Panama Maya Traders traveling. 

6110
05:53:00,800 --> 05:53:03,600
In large ocean-going, canoes 
carried Goods. 

6111
05:53:03,600 --> 05:53:06,300
Along the Caribbean. 
And Pacific coasts, connecting 

6112
05:53:06,300 --> 05:53:09,700
my community's with other 
Mesoamerican civilizations, and 

6113
05:53:09,700 --> 05:53:12,600
adapting to new technologies and
ideas from across the region. 

6114
05:53:12,600 --> 05:53:15,600
The Maya continued, their 
scientific and intellectual 

6115
05:53:15,600 --> 05:53:17,800
achievements during the post 
classic period. 

6116
05:53:18,700 --> 05:53:21,800
Astronomers at Chichen Itza, 
created new observatories and 

6117
05:53:21,800 --> 05:53:24,300
refined their understanding of 
celestial Cycles. 

6118
05:53:24,300 --> 05:53:28,100
Scribes continue to develop my 
writing and created new types of

6119
05:53:28,100 --> 05:53:31,700
books that preserved historical 
astronomical and religious 

6120
05:53:31,700 --> 05:53:35,100
knowledge artists developed new 
styles that combined traditional

6121
05:53:35,100 --> 05:53:38,000
Maya themes with influences from
Central Mexico and other 

6122
05:53:38,008 --> 05:53:40,900
regions. 
Perhaps most importantly, Maya 

6123
05:53:40,900 --> 05:53:44,500
communities during this period, 
a more decentralized resilient 

6124
05:53:44,500 --> 05:53:47,800
approach to civilization that 
help them survive challenges. 

6125
05:53:47,800 --> 05:53:50,000
That might have destroyed more 
rigid societies. 

6126
05:53:50,000 --> 05:53:53,200
When Spanish conquistadors 
arrived in the 16th century, 

6127
05:53:53,200 --> 05:53:56,200
they found not a collapse of 
civilization, but a diverse 

6128
05:53:56,200 --> 05:53:59,400
adaptable collection of Maya 
communities, that had been 

6129
05:53:59,400 --> 05:54:02,100
successfully managing the 
challenges of tropical life for 

6130
05:54:02,100 --> 05:54:04,900
over 3,000 years. 
The Spanish Conquest was 

6131
05:54:04,900 --> 05:54:08,300
devastating for my community's, 
it wasn't completely 

6132
05:54:08,300 --> 05:54:11,500
destructive, many Maya 
communities were treated to 

6133
05:54:11,500 --> 05:54:14,700
remote areas where they maintain
traditional ways of life with 

6134
05:54:14,700 --> 05:54:18,400
minimal outside in fearon's 
others adapted to Colonial. 

6135
05:54:18,700 --> 05:54:22,000
Rule while preserving essential 
aspects of Maya culture language

6136
05:54:22,000 --> 05:54:25,100
and identity. 
In the dense forests of the 

6137
05:54:25,100 --> 05:54:28,800
potent region of Guatemala. 
Some Maya communities remained, 

6138
05:54:28,800 --> 05:54:31,100
effectively independent until 
the late 19th century. 

6139
05:54:31,100 --> 05:54:34,200
These communities maintain 
traditional agricultural 

6140
05:54:34,200 --> 05:54:38,100
practices continued to use Maya 
calendars, and writing systems, 

6141
05:54:38,100 --> 05:54:41,000
and preserved, religious 
practices that connected them to

6142
05:54:41,008 --> 05:54:44,100
their ancient Heritage, the 
transformation of Maya 

6143
05:54:44,100 --> 05:54:46,400
civilization during the late 
classic and post, classic 

6144
05:54:46,400 --> 05:54:49,400
periods, offers important 
lessons about resilience and 

6145
05:54:49,400 --> 05:54:53,100
adaptation the Maya response to 
environmental and social stress 

6146
05:54:53,100 --> 05:54:56,500
wasn't to desperately clinging 
to unsustainable practices, but 

6147
05:54:56,500 --> 05:54:59,000
a thoughtfully adapt their 
society to changing conditions. 

6148
05:54:59,000 --> 05:55:02,100
They demonstrated that 
civilizations, like living 

6149
05:55:02,100 --> 05:55:04,700
organisms can survive by 
changing rather than by 

6150
05:55:04,700 --> 05:55:07,400
remaining static. 
This ability to adapt while 

6151
05:55:07,400 --> 05:55:10,800
maintaining cultural continuity.
Helps explain why Maya 

6152
05:55:10,800 --> 05:55:14,400
civilization has persisted for 
over 4,000 years today. 

6153
05:55:14,400 --> 05:55:18,300
Millions of people in Mexico, 
Guatemala Belize and Honduras 

6154
05:55:18,300 --> 05:55:21,500
continued to speak. 
My language is practice, 

6155
05:55:21,500 --> 05:55:23,700
traditional Agriculture and 
maintain. 

6156
05:55:23,700 --> 05:55:26,600
Cultural practices that connect 
them to their ancient Heritage, 

6157
05:55:26,600 --> 05:55:29,300
their living proof, that the 
Maya didn't disappear. 

6158
05:55:29,300 --> 05:55:32,800
They evolved, as you can 
continue drifting towards sleep,

6159
05:55:32,800 --> 05:55:34,800
imagine this great 
transformation. 

6160
05:55:35,900 --> 05:55:39,300
Cities gradually returning to 
Forest families, making 

6161
05:55:39,300 --> 05:55:43,200
difficult decisions about where 
to build new lives communities 

6162
05:55:43,200 --> 05:55:45,200
adapting. 
Their ancient wisdom to new 

6163
05:55:45,200 --> 05:55:49,400
circumstances and throughout it 
all the patient work of cultural

6164
05:55:49,400 --> 05:55:52,400
preservation that ensured Maya 
civilization would survive to 

6165
05:55:52,400 --> 05:55:56,300
inspire and inform future 
Generations in the gentle quiet 

6166
05:55:56,300 --> 05:55:59,500
of your bedtime contemplation. 
Let yourself consider one of 

6167
05:55:59,508 --> 05:56:01,600
history's. 
Most remarkable phenomena. 

6168
05:56:02,200 --> 05:56:05,600
How a civilization that 
supposedly collapsed over a 

6169
05:56:05,600 --> 05:56:08,400
thousand years ago, continues to
influence the world in ways, 

6170
05:56:08,400 --> 05:56:11,100
both profound and surprisingly 
practical. 

6171
05:56:11,100 --> 05:56:14,400
The Maya Legacy isn't something 
locked away in museums or 

6172
05:56:14,400 --> 05:56:16,800
buried. 
Under jungle vines, it's woven 

6173
05:56:16,800 --> 05:56:19,600
into the fabric of modern life 
in ways you encounter almost 

6174
05:56:19,600 --> 05:56:23,000
daily without realizing it every
time you buy into a piece of 

6175
05:56:23,008 --> 05:56:25,900
chocolate, your participating in
a traditional at the Maya 

6176
05:56:25,900 --> 05:56:30,600
perfected over 2000 years ago. 
The cow tree, which the Maya 

6177
05:56:30,600 --> 05:56:33,900
called the food of the Gods was 
first, domesticated in the mire 

6178
05:56:33,900 --> 05:56:36,700
world but the Maya didn't just 
discover chocolate, they 

6179
05:56:36,700 --> 05:56:40,000
elevated it to an art form. 
They created dozens of different

6180
05:56:40,000 --> 05:56:43,200
ways to prepare Cacao from 
bitter, ceremonial drinks, 

6181
05:56:43,200 --> 05:56:45,900
reserved for Nobles and Priests 
to Sweet Treats that were 

6182
05:56:45,900 --> 05:56:47,800
probably not too different from 
Modern hot chocolate. 

6183
05:56:47,800 --> 05:56:51,500
Maya chocolate preparation was. 
So sophisticated that Spanish 

6184
05:56:51,500 --> 05:56:53,700
conquistadors, initially 
couldn't figure out how to 

6185
05:56:53,700 --> 05:56:56,400
recreate it. 
The Maya had learned to ferment 

6186
05:56:56,400 --> 05:56:59,700
cacao beans to develop their 
full flavor to roast them at 

6187
05:56:59,700 --> 05:57:02,500
precisely the right temperature,
and to combine them, with 

6188
05:57:02,500 --> 05:57:05,900
vanilla Chili Peppers and other 
flavorings in proportions, that 

6189
05:57:05,900 --> 05:57:08,900
created complex, nuanced to 
beverages that were both 

6190
05:57:08,900 --> 05:57:12,900
delicious and nutritional Rich 
when you see single origin 

6191
05:57:12,900 --> 05:57:16,200
chocolate in upscale stores 
today, you're seeing a return to

6192
05:57:16,200 --> 05:57:19,100
Maya principles of chocolate. 
Making that emphasized the 

6193
05:57:19,100 --> 05:57:22,700
unique characteristics of Cacao 
from specific regions the 

6194
05:57:22,700 --> 05:57:25,700
mathematical Concepts the mayor 
developed continued to influence

6195
05:57:25,700 --> 05:57:28,600
how we think about numbers and 
time their invention. 

6196
05:57:28,700 --> 05:57:31,900
Of zero is a placeholder and 
mathematical concept, was one of

6197
05:57:31,908 --> 05:57:34,800
the most important intellectual 
achievements in human history. 

6198
05:57:34,800 --> 05:57:38,000
This Innovation developed 
independently from similar 

6199
05:57:38,000 --> 05:57:41,100
discoveries in India, made 
possible the kind of complex 

6200
05:57:41,100 --> 05:57:44,100
calculations that underlie 
everything from computer 

6201
05:57:44,100 --> 05:57:48,100
programming to space exploration
Maya calendar systems with their

6202
05:57:48,100 --> 05:57:50,200
precise. 
Tracking of multiple overlapping

6203
05:57:50,200 --> 05:57:53,400
Cycles, provided intellectual 
Frameworks, that still 

6204
05:57:53,400 --> 05:57:57,100
influence, how anthropologists 
historians and even computer 

6205
05:57:57,100 --> 05:58:00,200
scientists think about time and 
periodicity the Maya 

6206
05:58:00,200 --> 05:58:02,300
understanding that time moves in
Cycles. 

6207
05:58:02,300 --> 05:58:05,600
Rather than straight lines has 
become increasingly relevant in 

6208
05:58:05,600 --> 05:58:06,800
an era. 
When we're beginning to 

6209
05:58:06,800 --> 05:58:10,400
recognize that human activities,
follow cyclical patterns, that 

6210
05:58:10,400 --> 05:58:13,800
need to be understood and 
managed sustainably modern 

6211
05:58:13,800 --> 05:58:16,000
Agricultural. 
Science has rediscovered, many 

6212
05:58:16,000 --> 05:58:17,600
Maya, farming techniques and 
found them. 

6213
05:58:17,600 --> 05:58:21,000
Remarkably sophisticated the 
race to field agriculture that 

6214
05:58:21,000 --> 05:58:22,700
the Maya used to farm in 
Wetlands. 

6215
05:58:22,700 --> 05:58:26,300
Is now being studied as a model 
for sustainable farming in areas

6216
05:58:26,300 --> 05:58:28,200
threatened by climate change and
Rising. 

6217
05:58:28,600 --> 05:58:30,700
Levels. 
Maya polyculture techniques 

6218
05:58:30,700 --> 05:58:33,300
growing multiple crops together 
in mutually beneficial 

6219
05:58:33,300 --> 05:58:36,400
combinations are being adapted 
by organic farmers and 

6220
05:58:36,400 --> 05:58:38,100
permaculture practitioners 
around the world. 

6221
05:58:38,100 --> 05:58:41,600
The Maya understanding of forest
management has also proven. 

6222
05:58:41,600 --> 05:58:44,200
Remarkably prescient modern 
ecologists. 

6223
05:58:44,200 --> 05:58:46,800
Studying the forests of Central 
America have discovered that 

6224
05:58:46,800 --> 05:58:48,700
many areas that appeared to be 
virgin. 

6225
05:58:48,700 --> 05:58:52,200
Wilderness are actually the 
result of thousands of years of 

6226
05:58:52,200 --> 05:58:55,800
careful Maya Forest management. 
The Maya had learned to enhance.

6227
05:58:55,800 --> 05:58:59,200
Natural Forest productivity by 
selectively, encouraging useful 

6228
05:58:59,200 --> 05:59:02,400
species, creating Forest Gardens
that were more productive and 

6229
05:59:02,400 --> 05:59:04,500
diverse than unmanaged natural 
forests. 

6230
05:59:04,500 --> 05:59:07,500
This knowledge is now being 
applied in conservation projects

6231
05:59:07,500 --> 05:59:10,200
throughout the tropics. 
Instead of trying to preserve 

6232
05:59:10,200 --> 05:59:13,600
forests by keeping people out of
them, conservationists are 

6233
05:59:13,600 --> 05:59:16,500
learning to work with indigenous
communities, who have maintained

6234
05:59:16,500 --> 05:59:19,600
traditional ecological knowledge
that can inform sustainable, 

6235
05:59:19,600 --> 05:59:22,400
Forest management. 
The Maya approached to living 

6236
05:59:22,400 --> 05:59:25,500
within natural systems, rather 
than trying to dominate them has

6237
05:59:25,500 --> 05:59:28,500
become a model for sustainable 
development in tropical regions 

6238
05:59:28,500 --> 05:59:31,300
around the world. 
Maya architectural techniques, 

6239
05:59:31,300 --> 05:59:33,700
continue to inspire Modern 
Builders and Architects. 

6240
05:59:33,700 --> 05:59:37,500
The core Bell Arch technique 
that the Maya perfected creating

6241
05:59:37,500 --> 05:59:40,000
archers and volts by gradually 
projecting Stones. 

6242
05:59:40,000 --> 05:59:43,000
Inward until they meet at the 
top, is being studied by 

6243
05:59:43,000 --> 05:59:45,900
Architects interested in 
creating earthquake resistant, 

6244
05:59:45,900 --> 05:59:49,300
buildings using local materials 
Meyer, understanding of how to 

6245
05:59:49,308 --> 05:59:52,100
construct a large buildings that
could withstand both tropical 

6246
05:59:52,100 --> 05:59:55,500
storms and seismic activity. 
As applications in modern, 

6247
05:59:55,500 --> 05:59:57,100
earthquake and hurricane 
engineering. 

6248
05:59:57,100 --> 06:00:00,700
The Maya approached to urban 
planning which integrated cities

6249
06:00:00,700 --> 06:00:03,600
with natural water management 
systems and maintained green 

6250
06:00:03,600 --> 06:00:06,700
spaces throughout. 
Urban areas has become a model 

6251
06:00:06,700 --> 06:00:10,400
for sustainable City design, 
urban planners studying Maya 

6252
06:00:10,400 --> 06:00:12,900
cities have been impressed by 
their sophistication in managing

6253
06:00:12,900 --> 06:00:16,100
stormwater providing public 
spaces and creating 

6254
06:00:16,100 --> 06:00:19,300
neighborhoods that functioned as
integrated communities rather 

6255
06:00:19,300 --> 06:00:22,700
than just collections of 
individual buildings Maya, 

6256
06:00:22,700 --> 06:00:25,600
astronomical knowledge continues
to inform our understanding of 

6257
06:00:25,600 --> 06:00:29,000
ancient science and to provide 
alternative perspectives on 

6258
06:00:29,000 --> 06:00:31,100
humanities. 
Relationship with the cosmos 

6259
06:00:31,100 --> 06:00:34,000
Maya astronomers precise 
observations of Planetary 

6260
06:00:34,000 --> 06:00:36,900
Cycles, the accurate predictions
of eclipses. 

6261
06:00:36,900 --> 06:00:39,500
And their sophisticated 
understanding of calendar 

6262
06:00:39,500 --> 06:00:42,900
calculation demonstrate that 
scientific knowledge can develop

6263
06:00:42,900 --> 06:00:46,500
along different paths than those
followed by European traditions.

6264
06:00:46,500 --> 06:00:50,200
This has implications Beyond 
historical curiosity as modern 

6265
06:00:50,200 --> 06:00:53,100
science, increasingly recognizes
the value of traditional 

6266
06:00:53,100 --> 06:00:56,300
ecological knowledge, Maya 
astronomical and mathematical 

6267
06:00:56,300 --> 06:00:59,600
Traditions provide examples of 
how indigenous knowledge systems

6268
06:00:59,600 --> 06:01:02,900
can complement and enhance 
Western Scientific approaches 

6269
06:01:02,900 --> 06:01:06,200
Maya, calendar, specialist 
working today in Guatemala and 

6270
06:01:06,200 --> 06:01:09,800
Mexico, maintain knowledge, that
spans thousands of years and 

6271
06:01:09,800 --> 06:01:13,200
provides insights into long-term
environmental and social cycles.

6272
06:01:13,200 --> 06:01:17,200
That short term scientific 
observation might miss the Maya 

6273
06:01:17,200 --> 06:01:19,300
writing system. 
Once considered two complex to 

6274
06:01:19,300 --> 06:01:22,500
be fully deciphered, has become 
a model for understanding how 

6275
06:01:22,500 --> 06:01:25,400
human communication systems, 
develop and change over time, 

6276
06:01:25,400 --> 06:01:29,000
transmitting information, Maya 
literature, as we've come to 

6277
06:01:29,000 --> 06:01:32,900
understand, Deciphered texts has
enriched our understanding of 

6278
06:01:32,900 --> 06:01:36,000
ancient American intellectual 
Traditions Maya. 

6279
06:01:36,000 --> 06:01:39,600
Poetry historical narratives and
scientific texts demonstrate 

6280
06:01:39,600 --> 06:01:42,000
levels of literary. 
Sophistication that rival. 

6281
06:01:42,000 --> 06:01:46,100
Anything produced in the ancient
world, the Popple view, the Maya

6282
06:01:46,100 --> 06:01:47,900
creation story that was 
preserved through the colonial 

6283
06:01:47,900 --> 06:01:51,100
period has become recognized as 
one of the world's great 

6284
06:01:51,100 --> 06:01:54,000
mythological texts. 
Offering insights into my 

6285
06:01:54,000 --> 06:01:56,900
philosophy and cosmology. 
That continued to influence 

6286
06:01:56,900 --> 06:01:59,400
writers artists and thinkers 
Around the World. 

6287
06:01:59,400 --> 06:02:03,600
Perhaps most importantly, Maya 
civilization provides a powerful

6288
06:02:03,600 --> 06:02:06,500
example of how human societies 
can develop. 

6289
06:02:06,500 --> 06:02:09,400
Along Pathways different from 
those were familiar with in 

6290
06:02:09,400 --> 06:02:11,400
European and Asian 
civilizations. 

6291
06:02:11,400 --> 06:02:14,400
The Maya created, Urban centers.
Without wheeled vehicles or 

6292
06:02:14,400 --> 06:02:16,800
large. 
Domesticated animals developed 

6293
06:02:16,800 --> 06:02:19,700
sophisticated mathematics 
without a base 10 number system 

6294
06:02:19,700 --> 06:02:23,300
and maintained complex societies
for thousands of years using 

6295
06:02:23,300 --> 06:02:26,100
sustainable agricultural 
practices in tropical 

6296
06:02:26,100 --> 06:02:28,400
environments. 
This alternative model of 

6297
06:02:28,400 --> 06:02:31,100
civilization has become 
increasingly relevant as modern 

6298
06:02:31,100 --> 06:02:33,700
societies grapple with questions
about sustainability 

6299
06:02:33,700 --> 06:02:37,500
Environmental Management and 
social organization. 

6300
06:02:37,500 --> 06:02:40,700
The mayor example demonstrates 
that high levels of cultural 

6301
06:02:40,700 --> 06:02:44,100
achievement sophisticated, 
technology and complex, social 

6302
06:02:44,100 --> 06:02:47,400
organization, don't require the 
exploitation of Natural 

6303
06:02:47,400 --> 06:02:49,800
Resources. 
All the domination of natural 

6304
06:02:49,800 --> 06:02:52,700
systems that characterize many 
other ancient civil. 

6305
06:02:52,800 --> 06:02:56,100
Organizations today over 6 
million people in Mexico, 

6306
06:02:56,100 --> 06:03:00,200
Guatemala, Belizean, Honduras, 
continue to speak, Maya 

6307
06:03:00,200 --> 06:03:03,200
languages and maintain cultural 
practices that connect them 

6308
06:03:03,200 --> 06:03:04,800
directly to their ancient 
Heritage. 

6309
06:03:04,800 --> 06:03:08,100
These modern Maya communities 
aren't living museums preserving

6310
06:03:08,100 --> 06:03:11,600
ancient ways their Dynamic 
cultures that continue to adapt 

6311
06:03:11,600 --> 06:03:13,700
traditional knowledge to 
contemporary circumstances. 

6312
06:03:13,700 --> 06:03:17,300
My communities today are leaders
in sustainable agriculture 

6313
06:03:17,300 --> 06:03:19,600
Forest conservation and cultural
preservation. 

6314
06:03:19,600 --> 06:03:22,700
They maintain traditional 
calendar systems alongside 

6315
06:03:22,700 --> 06:03:25,500
modern timekeeping practice 
traditional medicine. 

6316
06:03:25,500 --> 06:03:28,500
Alongside modern Healthcare and 
used traditional ecological 

6317
06:03:28,500 --> 06:03:31,200
knowledge to inform contemporary
Environmental Management. 

6318
06:03:31,200 --> 06:03:34,700
They represent living proof that
the Maya Legacy isn't just 

6319
06:03:34,700 --> 06:03:38,000
historical, it's a continuing 
contribution to human knowledge 

6320
06:03:38,000 --> 06:03:40,900
and wisdom. 
As you settle into the final 

6321
06:03:40,900 --> 06:03:44,300
moments before sleep, consider 
that the Maya story isn't really

6322
06:03:44,300 --> 06:03:46,300
finished. 
It still being written by 

6323
06:03:46,300 --> 06:03:49,600
communities throughout Central 
America who maintain ancient 

6324
06:03:49,600 --> 06:03:52,000
Traditions while adapting to 
contemporary challenges. 

6325
06:03:52,000 --> 06:03:56,000
The pyramids rising from Jungle 
canopies the sophisticated 

6326
06:03:56,000 --> 06:03:59,600
mathematics encoded in ancient 
calendars and the sustainable 

6327
06:03:59,600 --> 06:04:01,500
agricultural. 
Practices developed over 

6328
06:04:01,500 --> 06:04:05,000
Millennia, all continued to 
offer, insights and inspiration 

6329
06:04:05,000 --> 06:04:08,100
to anyone willing to listen to 
The Whispers of ancient wisdom 

6330
06:04:08,100 --> 06:04:11,300
that still echo through the 
forests of Maya country In These

6331
06:04:11,300 --> 06:04:14,200
Quiet Moments before sleep, 
carries your way from the mile 

6332
06:04:14,200 --> 06:04:17,300
world and back to your own time.
Let yourself rest in the 

6333
06:04:17,300 --> 06:04:20,100
knowledge that you've just 
completed a journey through one 

6334
06:04:20,100 --> 06:04:22,700
of Humanity's most remarkable 
experiments in living. 

6335
06:04:22,700 --> 06:04:26,100
The Maya won't just another 
ancient civilization, that Rose 

6336
06:04:26,100 --> 06:04:28,700
and fell like so many others. 
They were pioneers and 

6337
06:04:28,700 --> 06:04:31,700
sustainable. 
Living mathematical thinking and

6338
06:04:31,700 --> 06:04:34,400
the delicate art of creating 
complex societies that could 

6339
06:04:34,400 --> 06:04:37,300
Thrive within rather than 
despite their natural 

6340
06:04:37,300 --> 06:04:39,900
environments. 
Tonight, as you Traveled through

6341
06:04:39,900 --> 06:04:42,500
time and jungle, you've 
witnessed the birth of cities 

6342
06:04:42,500 --> 06:04:46,100
that grew like magnificent 
trees, from tropical soil, seen,

6343
06:04:46,100 --> 06:04:48,800
mathematical Concepts developed 
that still influence how we 

6344
06:04:48,800 --> 06:04:52,300
understand the universe, and 
watched agricultural techniques 

6345
06:04:52,300 --> 06:04:54,300
emerged. 
That modern science is only now 

6346
06:04:54,300 --> 06:04:57,300
beginning to fully, appreciate 
you've walked through markets 

6347
06:04:57,300 --> 06:05:00,000
filled with Goods carried, 
hundreds of miles through jungle

6348
06:05:00,000 --> 06:05:02,300
paths. 
Listen to astronomical 

6349
06:05:02,300 --> 06:05:04,900
observations that were more 
accurate than anything, Europe 

6350
06:05:04,900 --> 06:05:07,800
would achieve for centuries and 
observed daily life. 

6351
06:05:07,800 --> 06:05:10,900
In communities that had learned 
to balance individual ambition 

6352
06:05:10,900 --> 06:05:13,600
with Collective wisdom. 
The mayor story is ultimately 

6353
06:05:13,600 --> 06:05:17,100
about adaptation and resilience 
when their great classic cities 

6354
06:05:17,100 --> 06:05:19,600
could no longer be sustained. 
The Maya didn't simply 

6355
06:05:19,600 --> 06:05:22,400
disappear. 
They evolved, they created new 

6356
06:05:22,400 --> 06:05:25,700
forms of social organization, 
developed new relationships, 

6357
06:05:25,700 --> 06:05:28,700
with their environment and 
maintain the Essential Elements 

6358
06:05:28,700 --> 06:05:31,600
of their culture through changes
that would have destroyed less 

6359
06:05:31,600 --> 06:05:34,800
flexible civilizations. 
This capacity for thoughtful, 

6360
06:05:34,800 --> 06:05:37,700
adaptation has allowed Maya 
culture to survive for over 

6361
06:05:37,700 --> 06:05:40,600
4,000 years. 
Making it one of the longest 

6362
06:05:40,600 --> 06:05:43,900
continuing civilizations in 
human history, the same 

6363
06:05:43,900 --> 06:05:46,300
intellectual Traditions that 
produced the mathematical 

6364
06:05:46,300 --> 06:05:49,800
concept of zero and calculated 
the movements of planets with 

6365
06:05:49,800 --> 06:05:54,100
extraordinary Precision continue
to day in Maya communities, that

6366
06:05:54,100 --> 06:05:57,100
maintain traditional calendars 
practice sustainable. 

6367
06:05:57,100 --> 06:06:00,100
Perhaps this is the most 
important lesson, the Maya offer

6368
06:06:00,100 --> 06:06:03,500
to our contemporary world. 
That sustainability isn't about 

6369
06:06:03,500 --> 06:06:05,700
returning to some imagined 
simpler past. 

6370
06:06:05,700 --> 06:06:09,600
But about developing the wisdom 
to create complex societies that

6371
06:06:09,600 --> 06:06:13,100
work in harmony with nature 
systems rather than in 

6372
06:06:13,100 --> 06:06:15,600
opposition to them. 
The Maya demonstrated that human

6373
06:06:15,600 --> 06:06:19,800
beings can build cities, develop
sophisticated Technologies and 

6374
06:06:19,800 --> 06:06:23,700
create great art without 
destroying the sustain them as 

6375
06:06:23,700 --> 06:06:26,200
you drift into dreams. 
You might find yourself walking 

6376
06:06:26,200 --> 06:06:30,100
through a Maya forest garden 
where useful trees food plants 

6377
06:06:30,100 --> 06:06:33,000
and medicinal herbs grow 
together in productive Harmony 

6378
06:06:33,000 --> 06:06:35,600
or perhaps your dream of 
astronomers on Pyramid. 

6379
06:06:35,600 --> 06:06:39,000
Tops calculating the precise 
moment when Venus will next 

6380
06:06:39,000 --> 06:06:42,000
appear as the Morning Star. 
Maybe you'll find yourself in a 

6381
06:06:42,008 --> 06:06:45,400
Maya, scriptorium watching, 
scribes carefully draw, glyphs 

6382
06:06:45,400 --> 06:06:48,300
that encode both practical 
information and sacred stories. 

6383
06:06:48,300 --> 06:06:51,400
These dreams can connect you to 
a continuous human Story. 

6384
06:06:51,400 --> 06:06:54,300
One that includes the Maya 
farmer who developed new 

6385
06:06:54,300 --> 06:06:57,600
varieties of corn, the Maya 
engineer, who designed water 

6386
06:06:57,600 --> 06:07:00,400
systems that functioned for 
centuries, the Maya 

6387
06:07:00,400 --> 06:07:04,000
mathematician who first Stood 
that 0 could be a number, and 

6388
06:07:04,000 --> 06:07:05,800
the Maya artist. 
Who combined practical, 

6389
06:07:05,800 --> 06:07:08,600
knowledge with spiritual vision,
to create beauty that still 

6390
06:07:08,600 --> 06:07:11,300
moves us today. 
The forest that covers much of 

6391
06:07:11,300 --> 06:07:15,000
the Ancient Maya World continues
to grow and change, but it still

6392
06:07:15,000 --> 06:07:16,500
holds the Echoes of their 
achievements. 

6393
06:07:16,500 --> 06:07:20,100
Pyramids, rise through the 
canopy, like Stone mountains, 

6394
06:07:20,100 --> 06:07:23,100
their Limestone blocks slowly 
returning to the Earth from 

6395
06:07:23,100 --> 06:07:26,200
which they came raised. 
Agricultural Fields abandoned, 

6396
06:07:26,200 --> 06:07:29,400
for centuries have become 
unique, ecosystems where ancient

6397
06:07:29,400 --> 06:07:33,000
human wisdom continues to shape 
natural processes and in 

6398
06:07:33,000 --> 06:07:36,300
communities throughout Central 
America, Maya languages continue

6399
06:07:36,300 --> 06:07:39,600
to be spoken Maya calendars. 
Continue to Mark, the passage of

6400
06:07:39,600 --> 06:07:43,300
sacred time and Maya knowledge 
continues to offer insights into

6401
06:07:43,300 --> 06:07:45,400
sustainable ways of living 
tomorrow. 

6402
06:07:45,400 --> 06:07:48,300
When you wake, and perhaps 
glance at your calendar, to plan

6403
06:07:48,300 --> 06:07:52,000
your day, remember that your 
using a system refined by Maya 

6404
06:07:52,000 --> 06:07:55,300
mathematicians, who understood 
that time moves in Cycles. 

6405
06:07:55,300 --> 06:07:58,300
Rather than straight lines. 
When you enjoy chocolate with 

6406
06:07:58,300 --> 06:08:01,500
your breakfast, remember that? 
Your participating in a 

6407
06:08:01,500 --> 06:08:03,400
tradition? 
That the Maya elevated to high 

6408
06:08:03,400 --> 06:08:05,500
art. 
When you hear about sustainable 

6409
06:08:05,500 --> 06:08:08,300
agricultural Forest 
conservation, remember that 

6410
06:08:08,300 --> 06:08:10,800
you're encountering ideas. 
That the Maya pioneered and 

6411
06:08:10,808 --> 06:08:14,100
perfected over thousands of 
years, the Maya Legacy isn't 

6412
06:08:14,100 --> 06:08:15,700
something distant and 
historical. 

6413
06:08:15,700 --> 06:08:19,100
It's woven into the fabric of 
contemporary life in ways, both 

6414
06:08:19,100 --> 06:08:22,400
obvious, and subtle, their 
mathematical Innovations under, 

6415
06:08:22,400 --> 06:08:25,900
like, computer systems, their 
agricultural techniques and form

6416
06:08:25,900 --> 06:08:29,300
sustainable farming practices. 
Their astronomical observations 

6417
06:08:29,300 --> 06:08:32,700
contribute to our understanding 
of ancient science and their 

6418
06:08:32,700 --> 06:08:35,700
examples of sustainable. 
Urban Design, Inspire modern 

6419
06:08:35,700 --> 06:08:39,300
city planners most importantly, 
my civilization demonstrates 

6420
06:08:39,300 --> 06:08:41,700
that there are many different 
ways to create complex, 

6421
06:08:41,700 --> 06:08:45,800
sophisticated societies, the 
paths, they followed emphasizing

6422
06:08:45,800 --> 06:08:49,500
cyclical, rather than linear 
thinking developing technology 

6423
06:08:49,500 --> 06:08:52,200
that worked with rather than 
against Natural systems. 

6424
06:08:52,200 --> 06:08:55,700
Creating Urban centers that 
enhanced rather than degraded 

6425
06:08:55,700 --> 06:08:59,500
their environments, offer 
alternative models for how human

6426
06:08:59,500 --> 06:09:01,000
beings might organize 
themselves. 

6427
06:09:01,000 --> 06:09:04,300
And their And chips with the 
natural world conversation 

6428
06:09:04,300 --> 06:09:07,500
between intelligence and 
environment between individual, 

6429
06:09:07,500 --> 06:09:11,200
ambition and Collective wisdom 
between the needs of the present

6430
06:09:11,200 --> 06:09:14,700
and the requirements of a 
sustainable future rest. 

6431
06:09:14,700 --> 06:09:18,000
Well, knowing that the forests 
of Maya country continue to grow

6432
06:09:18,000 --> 06:09:21,200
and change that Maya 
communities, continue to adapt, 

6433
06:09:21,200 --> 06:09:24,900
ancient wisdom to contemporary 
challenges and that The Echoes 

6434
06:09:24,900 --> 06:09:27,400
of their achievements. 
Continue to whisper Through Time

6435
06:09:27,400 --> 06:09:31,000
offering guidance and 
inspiration to anyone thoughtful

6436
06:09:31,000 --> 06:09:31,600
enough to listen.