Boring History | The SHOCKING Truth About Life as an Ancient Market Vendor

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Howdy friends on tonight, as 
gentle Journey, with stepping 

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into a day in the life of an 
ancient Market vendor. 

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From setting up stalls at 
Sunrise to calling out prices 

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about the chatter of the crowd 
vendors, were the heartbeat of 

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ancient cities. 
They sold grain wine cloth, 

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pottery, and every little thing,
a household might need trading. 

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Not Just Goods, but gossip and 
news, their lives were long 

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hours, hard work and the 
constant rhythm of bargaining 

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yet in that noise and bustle. 
I kept their communities fed 

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clothed and connected. 
Fee, you enjoy stories like this

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daily, please take a moment to 
like the video and let me know 

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down below where you're tuning 
in from and what time it is. 

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Now, turn those lights down, 
grab your comfy spot and let's 

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use in now You get up early in 
your modest room of the olive 

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oil business, not because you 
want to, but because your 

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neighbor's donkey has decided 
that four in the morning, is the

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best time to practice his vocal 
scales, Alexandria sleeps, under

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a blanket of stars that come 
through the thin wooden 

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shutters. 
But, you know, better than most 

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that a good Merchant gets the 
worm. 

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Or in your case the tastiest 
fish before anyone else, 

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discovers their hungry, You 
stretch out like a cat, that has

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been sleeping on bags of grain. 
Instead of soft pillows, your 

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bare feet, touch the chili clay 
tiles, the smell of yesterday's 

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bread, which always smells 
better in memory than it did. 

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When it was fresh is mixed with 
the smell of salt from the 

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harbor. 
And spices from a dozen other 

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locations. 
You've come to love these quiet 

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hours before the city knows how 
to make noise. 

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The bronze mirror shows a face 
that has been through 43 years 

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of Mediterranean Sun wind, and 
the occasional fight with people

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who think that negotiating means
starting at half your asking 

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price and working your way down 
to Ridiculousness. 

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Your hair used to be as black as
Egyptian eyeliner, but now it 

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has enough. 
Silver strands to remind you 

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that time is always moving, even
if you don't see it, but your 

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hands stay stable. 
Your eyes are sharp enough to 

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spot a false coin from across 
the Market Square and you'll 

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smile is genuine enough to greet
even the grumpiest customer The 

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coolness of the water when you 
splashed on your face from the 

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ceramic base and wakes you up 
every day, the city changes from

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a peaceful sleeping giant to a 
busy place where people talk and

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do things a priest in the temple
calls The Devout to morning 

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prayers from a distance, his 
voice drifts over the roof tops 

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like incense on a light wind. 
Your tunic which is made of 

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high-quality Egyptian, linen, 
slips over your shoulders, like 

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something you wear every day. 
It's more useful than beautiful.

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The leather belt, which has been
worn smooth. 

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Over the years Falls around your
waist with the satisfying weight

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of your coin purse. 
It's not heavy enough to make 

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you worry about thieves but it's
heavy enough to make dealing 

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today worth your time. 
The leather straps go back to 

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where they belong as soon as you
put on your sandals like old 

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friends, the wooden steps grown 
their morning song as you go 

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down to the shop below. 
You keep your real Treasures 

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here, small jars of the greatest
oils flavored with herbs, that 

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most alexandrians have never 
heard of much less tasted Their 

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next to enormous clay amphi full
of olive oil from Sicily and 

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Cypress Hannah and Rose Marie, 
Greek island time and your 

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secret weapon. 
Special mix of herbs and spices 

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that makes ordinary oil taste. 
So good. 

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That even the most sophisticated
Roman matron would ask for the 

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formula. 
You carefully wrap each of these

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expensive containers and 
delicate fabric before putting 

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them in a strong leather bag. 
To avoid the Calamity of broken 

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pottery and squandered oil. 
You will walk like a drunk 

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sailor before noon. 
If you carry too much weight on 

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one side. 
It's too light and you don't 

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have enough stuff to make money.
It's a fine line, like most 

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things in the merchants life. 
If you push the street door 

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gently, it will open and welcome
you into Alexandria's world 

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before Daybreak. 
The stone streets are still 

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called from the night. 
Are you can feel how solid they 

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are. 
Other early risers are out and 

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about in the dark Bakers, 
heading to their ovens fishermen

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coming back from know, fishing 
trips with silver catches that 

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gleam in the Moonlight and the 
odd City guard trying to look 

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alert, but clearly wanting to go
back to sleep. 

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As you walk near the harbor, the
fishing boats will soon. 

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Come back with the day's, catch 
the sound of your breathing and 

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the rhythm of your foot fall on 
the stone provide, a mild 

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percussion, and you start to 
feel the meditative state that 

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comes from completing familiar 
tasks in peace. 

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The Satchel gently Taps your hip
with each step reminding you 

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that you're ready to compete 
with clients win money from 

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purses. 
And maybe if the gods are 

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willing find something amazing 
and surprising and huge 

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Marketplace of human trade just 
like you have for the last 20 

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years. 
The port comes into view as you 

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round the last Corner its 
Waters. 

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Reflect the last stars like 
diamonds on Black Velvet. 

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The sun will soon color. 
The sky pink and gold. 

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The fishing boats will come 
back. 

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Full of the work they did at 
night, and Alexandria will be 

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awake and eager to buy sell 
trade and argue over everything 

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from the price of grain to the 
quality of foreign. 

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But just now the city is owned 
by dreamers and Merchants who 

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know that the best transactions 
happen when the world is still 

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soft around the edges. 
Like now when There are only a 

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few minutes of silence left. 
The fishing boats appear on the 

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horizon like a fleet of moths 
drawn to the light House's. 

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Blaze their triangular sails. 
Catching the first faint signs 

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of dawn he set up shop by the 
Stone Key. 

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Where Captain Markus typically 
docks his ship because his crew 

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always brings in the biggest 
catches in Alexandria's Harbor. 

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You don't like Marcus though 
because he tends to believe his 

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own stories about the fish that 
got away. 

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You can't help but sway a little
as you. 

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Wait because the smooth waves 
breaking against the port wall, 

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make a Cadence that calms your 
soul. 

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As the other Merchants start to 
gather, you can hear the sounds 

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of water and the distant screams
of Seagulls starting their own 

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daily hunt. 
Everyone understands their place

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in the pecking order because of 
years of successful deals failed

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discussions. 
And the occasional huge fight 

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over fish prices. 
There is also an Unwritten code 

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of conduct for these morning 
meetings as Marcus's boat Glides

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toward the pier, with the 
comfort of countless mornings. 

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The Silvery flash of fish in the
Nets, is already evident at the 

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front of the boat. 
The captain stands with a grin 

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that splits his weathered face. 
This suggests either. 

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A very good night of fishing or 
a really creative way to 

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explain. 
Why the fish are smaller than 

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usual. 
It's not always easy to discern.

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The difference with Marcus, the 
boat gently bumps against the 

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peer as you sail forward with 
the confidence of someone who 

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has been playing this game. 
Since Marcus was just a young 

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fisherman with more enthusiasm 
and talent as the crew begins to

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unload their Haul your 
experience die. 

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Quickly makes a list of the 
options. 

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Sea bass with bright. 
Clear eyes, red mullet that 

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sparkle like rubies and a number
of fish species whose names. 

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You haven't bothered to learn, 
but whose quality you can tell 

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with a single look, you easily 
pull the cork out of a tiny 

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ceramic container. 
You take out of your bag, the 

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smell of your special herb. 
Infused olive oil hints at. 

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What could be making the simple 
Act of picking out, fish a sign 

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of the supper to come the smell 
that escapes. 

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Makes a lot of adjacent 
Merchants. 

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Look up markers, raises an 
eyebrows. 

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He sees the well known ritual. 
You gesture to a really nice sea

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bass with two fingers and don't 
say anything. 

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Marcus nods and begins to wrap 
the fish in wide seaweed leaves,

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which is the old-fashioned way 
to package things. 

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He likely sprays, the fish with 
the oil and then puts it back in

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its container. 
When you give it to him, this is

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a cooperation between 
Specialists to recognize that 

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the best deals are good for 
everyone, not just one person. 

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Years of practice of made it 
easy to trade coins. 

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You both keep the Goodwill that 
will make future business 

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successful and fun, and Marcus 
gets paid properly for good 

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fish. 
You get a product that will sell

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for high prices to Quality 
conscious customers. 

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No, tents talks, know, big 
gestures and no, trying to 

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convince each other. 
That prices should go down 

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because times are tough. 
It's just commerce between 

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people who respect each other's 
knowledge. 

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A young Egyptian quarter 
Merchant looks with interest as 

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you weigh the wrapped, fish 
against the oil canisters in 

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your backpack, the sandals are 
too. 

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Fresh is Tunic is too clean. 
And his face is too eager. 

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These are all signals that he 
hasn't yet, figured out that 

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successful dealing is about 
building trust over time rather 

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than making big deals. 
You look him in the eye and 

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offer him a tiny nod of 
acknowledgment. 

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You remember your own early 
days, when every deal felt like 

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a test you may fail. 
You know that everyone has to 

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start someplace. 
It's not the right time or place

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for long chats but the young 
man's hopeful look. 

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Makes it seem like he's hoping 
you'll share some advice. 

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No matter how curious or 
well-meaning someone is the 

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morning Market. 
Never waits for them. 

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Fish will go rock and eventually
the Harvest starts to fill up 

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with activity. 
As more boats, come back and 

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more, Merchants set up, shop 
along the key, you reached your 

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main goal, but the Serene 
morning on Beyonds is slowly 

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replace by the ordered bustle of
business. 

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The fish in your, Satchel 
represents the key to your 

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success today, new better 
products that will sustain the 

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increase prices, your devoted 
clients expect to pay for the 

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things you propose. 
You start heading back toward 

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the middle of the city where 
hege Market Square would soon be

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full of people shopping 
merchants and The NeverEnding 

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cycle of supply and demand, that
made Alexandria, one of the most

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prosperous towns in ancient 
times the sun rising over the 

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water, warms your shoulders and 
informs you. 

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That today is a great day to do 
business outside. 

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The cobblestones Beneath Your 
Feet, tell the story of 

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thousands of traders who have 
walked this same way with their 

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products and dreams and quest of
money. 

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Every morning, you can count on 
the same thing that somewhere in

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the huge Market. 
Someone needs what you have and 

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is willing to pay a fair price 
to take it home some days, you 

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are lucky and get a lot of money
while other days. 

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You barely break even 
Alexandria's, huge Market 

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Square. 
Is like a blank canvas in front 

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of you, waiting for artists to 
paint it with colors music and 

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the Beautiful chaos of people 
trading. 

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You get there, early enough to 
obtain your preferred spot on 

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the Eastern side. 
Where the morning sun will warm 

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your consumers without making 
them squint at your goods. 

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This is better than being in the
Middle where the crowds of 

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biggest and the competition is 
strongest. 

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You stretched your woven Reed 
map on the polished Stone 

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sidewalk. 
It felt like a cherished blanket

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and had the same weight and 
texture. 

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This matters been with you to 
markets in three different 

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cities. 
Seen countless transactions 

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soaked up wine, and olive oil 
and somehow stayed strong after 

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years of being folded, unfolded,
and even used as a seat during 

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long discussion. 
After 20 years of trying and 

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failing, you have learned how to
arrange items in a way that 

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makes them seem their best. 
The fish is the main thing, and 

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it still smells like fresh water
and his raped with sea weed. 

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You put the olive oil containers
around it in a way that shows 

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off a lot without making it 
look. 

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Cluttered they are close enough 
to make a statement but far 

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enough apart so that customers 
don't get hurt when they reach 

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for a closer look. 
Your exceptional herb, infused 

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oils require their own section. 
They should be on a tiny wooden 

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platform that's a little higher 
up and catches the light to show

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off their beautiful golden 
color. 

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These little bottles of magic 
may turn ordinary veggies into a

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meal suitable for a Senators 
table and plain bread into 

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something extraordinary. they're
not just cooking ingredients as 

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the morning sun shines, through 
the colored glass bottles of 

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certain containers, tiny 
rainbows, dance over the mat 

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like Promises of flavor You stop
for a moment to glance at your 

229
00:11:09,800 --> 00:11:12,100
competitors. 
And the people who live near you

230
00:11:12,100 --> 00:11:15,600
to your left, an old rural woman
carefully, lays bundles of fresh

231
00:11:15,600 --> 00:11:17,700
herbs. 
She knows the health things 

232
00:11:17,700 --> 00:11:20,200
look, might be the difference 
between carrying home wilted 

233
00:11:20,200 --> 00:11:22,600
items by Twilight or selling out
by noon. 

234
00:11:22,600 --> 00:11:26,200
You notice her and you not in 
admiration as her wrinkled 

235
00:11:26,200 --> 00:11:29,000
hands, move with the confidence 
that comes from years of skill. 

236
00:11:30,000 --> 00:11:32,600
To your right. 
A young guy is struggling with a

237
00:11:32,608 --> 00:11:36,000
remarkable arrangement of copper
pots that are clearly heavier 

238
00:11:36,000 --> 00:11:38,100
than he imagined. 
They would be when he loaded 

239
00:11:38,100 --> 00:11:41,100
them onto his car, this morning,
his face shows the particular 

240
00:11:41,100 --> 00:11:42,700
read that comes from physical 
exertion. 

241
00:11:42,700 --> 00:11:45,800
And it also shows that he 
starting to think he may have 

242
00:11:45,800 --> 00:11:48,500
misjudged how much he can take 
with such heavy products. 

243
00:11:48,500 --> 00:11:51,600
You want to help, but you've 
learned from experience that 

244
00:11:51,600 --> 00:11:54,700
sometimes people see help as 
criticism instead of Goodwill. 

245
00:11:56,900 --> 00:12:00,400
The market is full of the first 
customers of the day who are 

246
00:12:00,400 --> 00:12:02,600
moving slowly. 
And with interest, these early 

247
00:12:02,600 --> 00:12:04,300
consumers are usually the 
pickiest. 

248
00:12:04,300 --> 00:12:07,300
They know what quality is and 
are willing to pay a fair price 

249
00:12:07,300 --> 00:12:09,300
for it. 
They examine swiftly, but 

250
00:12:09,300 --> 00:12:12,500
carefully at the many options 
moving with the confidence of 

251
00:12:12,500 --> 00:12:16,200
experienced buyers. 
A well-dressed woman is walking 

252
00:12:16,200 --> 00:12:19,200
toward your display. 
Her gold, jewelry and linen 

253
00:12:19,200 --> 00:12:21,600
outfit show that she is used to 
the better things in life. 

254
00:12:21,600 --> 00:12:25,400
She stops when she sees your 
herb-infused oils, picks up one 

255
00:12:25,400 --> 00:12:27,400
of the containers and Pops, the 
cork to smell it. 

256
00:12:27,400 --> 00:12:31,500
Her face goes from polite, 
curiosity to genuine or like 

257
00:12:31,500 --> 00:12:33,700
someone who has just found 
something that blows their mind.

258
00:12:34,600 --> 00:12:36,900
You stay at a respectful 
distance so she can look at your

259
00:12:36,900 --> 00:12:38,300
things without feeling 
pressured. 

260
00:12:38,300 --> 00:12:41,200
This client knows what she 
wants, and has the means to get 

261
00:12:41,200 --> 00:12:43,500
it. 
Your duty is to be available to 

262
00:12:43,500 --> 00:12:45,400
answer her questions. 
While respecting her 

263
00:12:45,400 --> 00:12:48,500
independence, she carefully 
replaces the cork, as someone 

264
00:12:48,500 --> 00:12:51,500
who has been let down by bad 
Goods in the past would, and 

265
00:12:51,500 --> 00:12:55,200
then looks at the fish noting 
its firm flesh and Clear Eyes. 

266
00:12:57,600 --> 00:13:00,700
The morning Market has its own 
Rhythm different from the busy 

267
00:13:00,700 --> 00:13:03,300
midday Market. 
All the nighttime Market when 

268
00:13:03,300 --> 00:13:06,200
people are looking for deals, 
people are more polite when they

269
00:13:06,200 --> 00:13:09,600
negotiate and conversations 
acquired her, it appears like 

270
00:13:09,600 --> 00:13:12,000
both buyers and sellers are 
taking their time to make sure 

271
00:13:12,008 --> 00:13:14,800
everyone is happy. 
The richest people shop at this 

272
00:13:14,800 --> 00:13:18,000
time before the heat gets too 
hot and the crowds get too big 

273
00:13:18,000 --> 00:13:21,600
to shop comfortably. 
The sound of coins passing hands

274
00:13:21,600 --> 00:13:25,300
is a gratifying metallic whisper
that marks, the official start 

275
00:13:25,300 --> 00:13:27,600
of your business day. 
The well-dressed woman has 

276
00:13:27,600 --> 00:13:30,800
picked out the best fish from 
your display and a jar of your 

277
00:13:30,800 --> 00:13:33,700
special oil. 
She paid without complaint and 

278
00:13:33,700 --> 00:13:36,800
thanked you sincerely, you might
feel the same happiness. 

279
00:13:36,800 --> 00:13:39,700
You always do when you give a 
customer high quality Goods that

280
00:13:39,700 --> 00:13:43,000
they really love as she leaves 
with her delivery safely 

281
00:13:43,000 --> 00:13:45,500
wrapped. 
More customers are coming into 

282
00:13:45,500 --> 00:13:48,500
the markets since there are more
things to choose from and trade 

283
00:13:48,500 --> 00:13:51,000
is getting stronger as the sun 
rises in the morning. 

284
00:13:51,000 --> 00:13:54,100
At warms the stones under your 
feet and signals that another 

285
00:13:54,100 --> 00:13:57,200
successful day is coming in the 
biggest Marketplace of all time.

286
00:13:57,200 --> 00:13:59,800
Your remaining Goods shine 
brightly on their Reed. 

287
00:13:59,800 --> 00:14:02,900
Mat waiting to be found by 
consumers who know that some 

288
00:14:02,900 --> 00:14:06,400
things are worth buying. 
By mid-morning, The Market 

289
00:14:06,400 --> 00:14:09,600
Square is full of people trading
doing business and having 

290
00:14:09,600 --> 00:14:12,800
friendly arguments over prices 
that seem too good to be true. 

291
00:14:12,800 --> 00:14:16,000
After years of practice, you've 
discovered a comfortable Pace 

292
00:14:16,000 --> 00:14:18,400
that keeps your wearing enough 
to see potential customers 

293
00:14:18,400 --> 00:14:21,400
across the square and relaxed 
enough to stay away from the 

294
00:14:21,400 --> 00:14:24,800
Frantic energy that makes 
Shoppers uneasy and more likely 

295
00:14:24,800 --> 00:14:27,500
to keep going. 
Middle-aged guy in Atoka that 

296
00:14:27,500 --> 00:14:29,200
has seen better days approaches 
carefully. 

297
00:14:29,200 --> 00:14:31,900
Try to look more successful than
he really is. 

298
00:14:31,900 --> 00:14:34,800
He looks at your things with the
kind of attention that only 

299
00:14:34,800 --> 00:14:38,000
someone who cares about quality 
and has to make every dollar 

300
00:14:38,000 --> 00:14:41,400
count can have. you can see 
immediately what kind of person 

301
00:14:41,400 --> 00:14:45,300
they are not sloppy, but 
careful, they might be a 

302
00:14:45,300 --> 00:14:47,400
mid-level manager or an Adept 
craftsmen, who knows the 

303
00:14:47,400 --> 00:14:50,700
difference between cheap and 
affordable He grabs, one of your

304
00:14:50,700 --> 00:14:54,000
normal, olive oil containers, 
weighs it and looks through the 

305
00:14:54,000 --> 00:14:56,100
ceramic container to see how 
clear the oil is. 

306
00:14:56,100 --> 00:14:59,100
You take note of this 
information for subsequent use 

307
00:14:59,100 --> 00:15:01,400
in the debate because his manner
is knowledgeable enough to 

308
00:15:01,400 --> 00:15:03,000
suggest that he knows how to 
cook. 

309
00:15:03,000 --> 00:15:06,600
Good salespeople, don't try to 
make people buy things instead, 

310
00:15:06,600 --> 00:15:09,200
they help the proper individuals
comprehend, why they should have

311
00:15:09,200 --> 00:15:12,000
your products in their homes. 
You don't try to sell him 

312
00:15:12,000 --> 00:15:14,700
anything right away. 
Instead you wait for him to 

313
00:15:14,700 --> 00:15:18,500
finish his test a Merchant's 
best quality is patience which 

314
00:15:18,500 --> 00:15:20,900
is more important than making 
big gestures or giving 

315
00:15:20,900 --> 00:15:23,400
convincing speeches when he 
finally looks up. 

316
00:15:23,400 --> 00:15:26,300
You smile and tell him that the 
oil originates from olives, 

317
00:15:26,300 --> 00:15:29,500
grown on the hills of Cyprus, 
where the sea wind gives them a 

318
00:15:29,500 --> 00:15:31,700
particular flavor that goes well
with anything. 

319
00:15:31,700 --> 00:15:33,400
From simple bread to 
complicated. 

320
00:15:33,400 --> 00:15:36,800
Stews. 
He clearly grows more intrigued 

321
00:15:36,800 --> 00:15:40,100
and asks smart questions about 
how long this oil will last how 

322
00:15:40,100 --> 00:15:42,600
to store it and what the 
greatest users for it. 

323
00:15:42,600 --> 00:15:46,500
Are you provide an honest answer
saying that this oil is fine for

324
00:15:46,500 --> 00:15:49,600
everyday cooking but your Urban 
fuse version are better for 

325
00:15:49,800 --> 00:15:52,700
Special occasions, or when he 
wants to impress visitors at 

326
00:15:52,700 --> 00:15:55,400
dinner, it's important to 
provide him options without 

327
00:15:55,400 --> 00:15:57,800
making him feel bad for thinking
about the cheaper one. 

328
00:15:57,800 --> 00:16:01,600
You can show the differences by 
giving people small samples of 

329
00:16:01,600 --> 00:16:04,800
both oils on pieces of bread 
that you set aside just for this

330
00:16:04,800 --> 00:16:07,000
purpose. 
The man's face shows that he's 

331
00:16:07,000 --> 00:16:09,100
found something. 
He didn't realize he wanted as 

332
00:16:09,100 --> 00:16:12,600
he tastes the herb infused oil. 
The fight between want and 

333
00:16:12,608 --> 00:16:16,000
budget has begun, you've learned
how to let customers decide for 

334
00:16:16,000 --> 00:16:18,800
themselves, what they need and 
how much it's worth without 

335
00:16:18,800 --> 00:16:21,500
getting in the way. 
While he thinks about what to 

336
00:16:21,500 --> 00:16:23,000
do. 
You hear a disturbance at the 

337
00:16:23,000 --> 00:16:24,200
Copper Pot? 
Sellers stand. 

338
00:16:24,200 --> 00:16:26,800
It sounds like thunder. 
As it rolls on the stone 

339
00:16:26,800 --> 00:16:29,000
pavement. 
Like the young guy dropped, one 

340
00:16:29,000 --> 00:16:32,100
of his heavy pops. 
You can't help but giggle at the

341
00:16:32,108 --> 00:16:34,900
Young, Merchants embarrassed 
face as he runs after his 

342
00:16:34,900 --> 00:16:38,000
missing products, other Sellers 
and customers run away to avoid 

343
00:16:38,000 --> 00:16:41,200
the runaway kitchenware. 
This short break actually, helps

344
00:16:41,200 --> 00:16:44,700
your buyer, make a decision. 
Sometimes people need to take a 

345
00:16:44,700 --> 00:16:47,400
break from thinking too much and
simply go with their instincts. 

346
00:16:47,400 --> 00:16:49,800
He has already reached for his 
coin person. 

347
00:16:49,800 --> 00:16:52,600
Asked how to store the urban 
fused oil, so that it keeps its 

348
00:16:52,600 --> 00:16:54,500
flavor when he looks back at 
your display. 

349
00:16:54,500 --> 00:16:57,700
Now that the deal is almost 
done, all you have to do is give

350
00:16:57,700 --> 00:17:00,100
him great customer service. 
So he will come back and tell 

351
00:17:00,100 --> 00:17:02,900
others about you. 
You carefully wrap his purchase 

352
00:17:02,900 --> 00:17:06,200
in a clean cloth and then take 
the time to explain how to store

353
00:17:06,200 --> 00:17:09,800
it and suggest foods that will 
bring out its unique flavor. 

354
00:17:09,800 --> 00:17:13,200
This extra knowledge, converts a
simple sale, in to an investment

355
00:17:13,200 --> 00:17:15,800
in client pleasure. 
And the only expense is your 

356
00:17:15,800 --> 00:17:19,000
time customers who are happy 
with your service become, loyal 

357
00:17:19,000 --> 00:17:22,700
customers and loyal customers 
become brand ambassadors, who 

358
00:17:22,700 --> 00:17:24,200
tell their friends about your 
booth. 

359
00:17:24,900 --> 00:17:27,500
You think about the psychology 
of successful selling as he 

360
00:17:27,500 --> 00:17:30,100
leaves? 
Evidently happy holding his 

361
00:17:30,100 --> 00:17:32,500
package. 
When a customer comes to your 

362
00:17:32,500 --> 00:17:35,400
display, they each have their 
own demands budget, and 

363
00:17:35,400 --> 00:17:37,800
knowledge of the products. 
You don't have to convince 

364
00:17:37,800 --> 00:17:41,300
everyone to buy your most 
expensive things in Stead, you 

365
00:17:41,300 --> 00:17:44,300
should help each person, figure 
out, which of your products will

366
00:17:44,300 --> 00:17:46,700
make a small but important 
difference in their lives. 

367
00:17:47,700 --> 00:17:50,300
The morning goes on with a 
steady stream of browsers and 

368
00:17:50,300 --> 00:17:53,900
customers each of whom helps. 
You understand people better and

369
00:17:53,900 --> 00:17:56,900
the thin line that separates 
Commerce from actual service, 

370
00:17:56,900 --> 00:17:59,700
some customers, buy things 
quickly and easily because they 

371
00:17:59,700 --> 00:18:03,200
know exactly what they want. 
Some people need time to look 

372
00:18:03,200 --> 00:18:07,200
into things ask questions and 
slowly build their confidence in

373
00:18:07,200 --> 00:18:10,000
their choices. 
Some visitors, use your stand as

374
00:18:10,000 --> 00:18:13,600
a stop on a leisurely tour of 
Alexandria's shops enjoying the 

375
00:18:13,600 --> 00:18:17,400
social side of buying at the 
market You keep acting with the 

376
00:18:17,408 --> 00:18:19,800
friendly professionalism, that 
has helped you build a good 

377
00:18:19,808 --> 00:18:23,000
reputation over the years. 
Always honest about the pros and

378
00:18:23,008 --> 00:18:26,900
cons of your products never 
pushy and always ready to help. 

379
00:18:27,700 --> 00:18:31,100
In the long run this method 
builds trust contentment and the

380
00:18:31,100 --> 00:18:34,200
kind of good word of mouth that 
drives new customers to your mat

381
00:18:34,200 --> 00:18:36,900
weak after week. 
This is better than the big 

382
00:18:36,900 --> 00:18:38,800
sales that come from high 
pressure tactics. 

383
00:18:39,700 --> 00:18:42,800
The Market Square becomes a 
sparkling seen as the sun rises 

384
00:18:42,800 --> 00:18:46,400
to its highest point. 
Heat waves dance, like invisible

385
00:18:46,400 --> 00:18:49,900
spirits of the stone pavement. 
Now tourists slaves, doing 

386
00:18:49,900 --> 00:18:52,900
errands for their bosses and the
occasional local, who can't wait

387
00:18:52,900 --> 00:18:54,700
until evening to shop, or in the
market. 

388
00:18:54,700 --> 00:18:57,500
Most of the mornings. 
Refined customers have gone home

389
00:18:57,500 --> 00:18:59,900
to cool off. 
The neighboring column that 

390
00:18:59,908 --> 00:19:02,300
gives a narrow strip of shade is
one of the numerous 

391
00:19:02,300 --> 00:19:05,300
architectural features that make
Alexandria's, Marketplace, 

392
00:19:05,300 --> 00:19:07,600
beautiful, and sometimes 
beneficial. 

393
00:19:07,600 --> 00:19:10,900
You've used it to your advantage
by repositioning your display, 

394
00:19:10,900 --> 00:19:13,800
the heat from the stones are 
still powerful enough to make 

395
00:19:13,800 --> 00:19:15,500
you appreciate the wide brimmed 
hat. 

396
00:19:15,500 --> 00:19:17,900
You bought from a Craftsman in 
the Ethiopian quarter last 

397
00:19:17,900 --> 00:19:20,200
summer. 
Even though your Reed mat is now

398
00:19:20,200 --> 00:19:24,700
in a cooler place during these 
hot midday hours Commerce slows 

399
00:19:24,700 --> 00:19:27,600
down, but it doesn't halt 
completely as a party of Roman 

400
00:19:27,600 --> 00:19:29,000
visitors, walk through the 
market. 

401
00:19:29,000 --> 00:19:31,700
Their Fair complexion is already
becoming pink. 

402
00:19:31,700 --> 00:19:35,700
They seem to have miscalculated,
the North African sun, no matter

403
00:19:35,708 --> 00:19:37,300
what. 
The weather is, like they stroll

404
00:19:37,300 --> 00:19:40,400
from stall to vendor with the 
slightly overpowering. 

405
00:19:40,400 --> 00:19:42,900
Excitement of individuals who 
are Keen to experience 

406
00:19:42,900 --> 00:19:44,900
everything Alexandria has to 
offer. 

407
00:19:45,600 --> 00:19:48,500
A Roman woman with an expensive 
stroller. 

408
00:19:48,500 --> 00:19:52,500
That shows she is used to luxury
stops by your display and looks 

409
00:19:52,500 --> 00:19:55,700
at it with interest as someone 
who has access to the best items

410
00:19:55,700 --> 00:19:58,500
from all over the Empire. 
She knows how to spot quality 

411
00:19:58,500 --> 00:20:01,000
when she sees it. 
She carefully looks over your 

412
00:20:01,000 --> 00:20:04,000
herb, infused oils. 
She says she's sorry, she 

413
00:20:04,000 --> 00:20:07,200
doesn't speak the local dialect 
better but her Greek with the 

414
00:20:07,200 --> 00:20:10,500
Latin accent is easy to 
understand your grammar isn't 

415
00:20:10,500 --> 00:20:12,600
perfect. 
But you answer in your own 

416
00:20:12,600 --> 00:20:15,100
careful Latin, which you've 
learned over the years of 

417
00:20:15,100 --> 00:20:18,500
working with Roman clientele who
appreciate the effort, the 

418
00:20:18,500 --> 00:20:20,900
discussion flows smoothly. 
As you talk about where your 

419
00:20:20,900 --> 00:20:24,400
different oils come from and how
they can make the Italian meals.

420
00:20:24,400 --> 00:20:26,400
She says, she misses from home 
taste better. 

421
00:20:26,400 --> 00:20:29,500
Everyone liked the concept of 
adding unusual flavors to 

422
00:20:29,500 --> 00:20:32,200
familiar items. 
And she buys several containers 

423
00:20:32,200 --> 00:20:36,200
with the explicit purpose of 
revisiting her taste memory in a

424
00:20:36,200 --> 00:20:38,800
unique area. 
You can see that the young 

425
00:20:38,800 --> 00:20:42,400
Copper Pot seller has now fixed 
up his display and seems to have

426
00:20:42,400 --> 00:20:45,100
learned from his mistake. 
In the morning, the Romans are 

427
00:20:45,100 --> 00:20:47,908
still looking about the market. 
He has put himself in a good 

428
00:20:47,916 --> 00:20:50,900
position to catch anything that 
could try to get away and his 

429
00:20:50,908 --> 00:20:53,300
pots are now arranged in a way 
that makes them more stable. 

430
00:20:53,300 --> 00:20:56,300
His serious look shows that he 
is taking his Merchant 

431
00:20:56,300 --> 00:21:00,200
education, seriously. 
The heat of midday brings both 

432
00:21:00,200 --> 00:21:03,400
chances and problems. 
Even while fewer people are 

433
00:21:03,400 --> 00:21:06,000
walking about at these hours, 
the ones who do tend to have 

434
00:21:06,000 --> 00:21:09,000
specific needs that make them 
less sensitive to pricing and 

435
00:21:09,000 --> 00:21:11,400
more focused on obtaining 
exactly what they want. 

436
00:21:11,400 --> 00:21:14,300
People who live, there are 
having cooking emergencies that 

437
00:21:14,308 --> 00:21:17,800
can't wait for cooler weather. 
Travelers are stocking up before

438
00:21:17,800 --> 00:21:21,400
they continue their trips and 
Rich families are sending slaves

439
00:21:21,400 --> 00:21:23,400
to get certain items for fancy 
meals. 

440
00:21:23,400 --> 00:21:27,600
A man who seems agitated and has
the energy of someone going 

441
00:21:27,600 --> 00:21:30,800
through a family crisis, walks 
up to your stand, his clever. 

442
00:21:30,800 --> 00:21:33,500
Greek wife is making a special 
dinner for important guests 

443
00:21:33,500 --> 00:21:35,500
today. 
But she can't find her good 

444
00:21:35,500 --> 00:21:38,900
olive oil their teenage son. 
Who thinks that anything edible 

445
00:21:38,900 --> 00:21:40,600
is. 
Fair game for experimenting. 

446
00:21:40,600 --> 00:21:44,200
May have eaten it right now. 
The man needs oil and quality is

447
00:21:44,200 --> 00:21:47,700
more vital than price. 
In times, like these experience,

448
00:21:47,700 --> 00:21:50,600
pays off, it only takes a few 
seconds to figure out what 

449
00:21:50,600 --> 00:21:53,600
consumer really wants. 
And it's clear that this man 

450
00:21:53,600 --> 00:21:56,100
needs more than details product,
descriptions to feel safe. 

451
00:21:57,100 --> 00:22:00,500
You chose one container of herb 
infused oil and one of your best

452
00:22:00,500 --> 00:22:03,800
regular oils you say that the 
two together will provide you 

453
00:22:03,800 --> 00:22:05,900
reliable cooking outcomes and 
the chance to make something 

454
00:22:05,900 --> 00:22:08,800
special that will impress even 
the pickiest guests. 

455
00:22:09,700 --> 00:22:12,500
He's obvious relief as he passes
over the money shows that you 

456
00:22:12,500 --> 00:22:14,500
have correctly identified his 
problem. 

457
00:22:14,500 --> 00:22:17,200
And priorities, you think his 
wife will be happy with the 

458
00:22:17,208 --> 00:22:20,200
quality of her ingredients and 
the fact that her husband is 

459
00:22:20,200 --> 00:22:22,600
taking charge of the situation 
as he rushes off. 

460
00:22:22,600 --> 00:22:26,200
Holding his packages, like 
lifelines people, often come 

461
00:22:26,200 --> 00:22:29,100
back to buy more after seeing 
the high quality ingredients can

462
00:22:29,100 --> 00:22:32,600
make cooking more special. 
The heat keeps rising in the 

463
00:22:32,600 --> 00:22:35,700
early afternoon making the 
Market Square feel strange. 

464
00:22:35,700 --> 00:22:38,800
People generally think that once
the Sun starts to drop in the 

465
00:22:38,800 --> 00:22:40,700
west, everything will get 
serious. 

466
00:22:40,700 --> 00:22:44,500
Again in conversations will get 
more tranquil and motions will 

467
00:22:44,500 --> 00:22:47,300
become more systematic. 
This is the time for patient 

468
00:22:47,300 --> 00:22:50,000
businesses, that know that not 
everyone has the same chance to 

469
00:22:50,000 --> 00:22:54,100
make money. during this slower 
time, you organize the rest of 

470
00:22:54,100 --> 00:22:57,100
your stock, wrapping up things 
that could be damaged by the 

471
00:22:57,100 --> 00:23:00,200
Heat and putting others in 
places where they can get a 

472
00:23:00,200 --> 00:23:03,000
little breeze that blows through
the square, the stone column 

473
00:23:03,000 --> 00:23:05,500
that Shields, you creates small 
air, currents that make your 

474
00:23:05,500 --> 00:23:07,600
location a little more 
comfortable than the open 

475
00:23:07,600 --> 00:23:10,600
sections where some Merchants 
still have to deal with the full

476
00:23:10,600 --> 00:23:14,500
force of the Mediterranean Sun, 
During the warmest part of the 

477
00:23:14,500 --> 00:23:17,200
day. 
A few more people look around 

478
00:23:17,200 --> 00:23:20,000
mostly tourists, who have not 
learned to respect local 

479
00:23:20,000 --> 00:23:23,200
conventions about resting in the
afternoon or persons, with 

480
00:23:23,200 --> 00:23:25,400
special needs, who put their 
requirements ahead of their 

481
00:23:25,400 --> 00:23:28,300
comfort, customers that shot 
during these hours, are 

482
00:23:28,300 --> 00:23:31,600
sometimes very happy to locate 
exactly what they need when 

483
00:23:31,600 --> 00:23:34,200
there are many other 
possibilities, but each sale 

484
00:23:34,200 --> 00:23:36,100
takes a little more patients 
than in the morning. 

485
00:23:36,900 --> 00:23:40,500
The Market Square comes back to 
life as the afternoon Sun starts

486
00:23:40,500 --> 00:23:42,800
to set in a beautiful way over 
the Western Horizon. 

487
00:23:42,800 --> 00:23:45,200
It's like a sleeping giant 
waking up. 

488
00:23:45,200 --> 00:23:47,900
And remembering what it was 
meant to do when everything is 

489
00:23:47,900 --> 00:23:50,400
bathed in warm amber light, and 
the Shadows are soft and 

490
00:23:50,408 --> 00:23:53,000
forgiving the heat that made the
middle of the day. 

491
00:23:53,000 --> 00:23:56,100
So unbearable, gives way to the 
magical light that photographers

492
00:23:56,100 --> 00:24:01,200
would later call Golden hour. 
As the sun moves, your shadowed 

493
00:24:01,200 --> 00:24:04,900
spot becomes less significant. 
You move your display again to 

494
00:24:04,900 --> 00:24:06,300
take advantage of the better 
lighting. 

495
00:24:06,300 --> 00:24:09,500
Even though sales have been 
steady all day, there are still 

496
00:24:09,500 --> 00:24:12,500
a lot of stuff left over and it 
should be displayed in a way 

497
00:24:12,500 --> 00:24:14,800
that makes the most of the 
beautiful evening light. 

498
00:24:14,800 --> 00:24:19,000
The urban fuse oils seem to hold
on to the Warm Glow, creating a 

499
00:24:19,000 --> 00:24:22,200
show that looks like a jewel and
draws the attention of people 

500
00:24:22,200 --> 00:24:26,500
from all parts of the square. 
People who shop in the morning 

501
00:24:26,500 --> 00:24:30,100
and at noon, a considerably 
different from those who shop at

502
00:24:30,100 --> 00:24:32,300
night. 
These customers walk at a 

503
00:24:32,300 --> 00:24:35,300
leisurely Pace, like people who 
have finished their daily tasks 

504
00:24:35,300 --> 00:24:38,400
and have time to look around 
investigate and maybe find 

505
00:24:38,400 --> 00:24:41,700
something new people who work 
during the day can finally see 

506
00:24:41,700 --> 00:24:44,300
their favorite vendors. 
Families can walk around the 

507
00:24:44,300 --> 00:24:47,400
market together and servants can
perform last minute chores 

508
00:24:47,400 --> 00:24:50,500
before going home. 
A retired scholar walks up to 

509
00:24:50,500 --> 00:24:53,400
your stool with a serious look 
on his face. 

510
00:24:53,400 --> 00:24:57,100
And a walking stick that softly 
Taps on the stone pavement, he 

511
00:24:57,100 --> 00:24:59,900
looks over your products very 
thoroughly and asked questions 

512
00:24:59,900 --> 00:25:01,300
that show. 
He knows a lot about 

513
00:25:01,300 --> 00:25:04,000
Mediterranean cooking. 
It's clear that this person 

514
00:25:04,000 --> 00:25:07,200
thinks cooking is both an art 
and a science and he's looking 

515
00:25:07,200 --> 00:25:08,900
for items that will show off his
skills. 

516
00:25:09,700 --> 00:25:12,300
You have the kind of deep 
conversations that make this 

517
00:25:12,300 --> 00:25:14,700
job. 
So rewarding you wants to know 

518
00:25:14,700 --> 00:25:18,000
where the herbs in your infused 
oils come from and how different

519
00:25:18,000 --> 00:25:20,800
combinations can perform better 
with different cooking methods. 

520
00:25:20,800 --> 00:25:23,800
The talk goes across everything 
from Greek techniques to make 

521
00:25:23,800 --> 00:25:27,700
veggies taste better to Roman 
ways to cook fish, you all so 

522
00:25:27,700 --> 00:25:30,100
find out that your customer has 
traveled a lot and collected 

523
00:25:30,100 --> 00:25:32,100
recipes like some people collect
coins. 

524
00:25:32,100 --> 00:25:35,700
He finally buys a lot of things 
including many containers of 

525
00:25:35,700 --> 00:25:38,200
different oils. 
Each chosen for a specific 

526
00:25:38,200 --> 00:25:40,900
cooking purpose that he happily 
describes. 

527
00:25:40,900 --> 00:25:43,800
He tells you about uses for your
items that you haven't thought 

528
00:25:43,800 --> 00:25:46,600
of and he promises to send other
serious Cooks. 

529
00:25:46,600 --> 00:25:49,600
He knows to your stand. 
This is worth more than the 

530
00:25:49,600 --> 00:25:52,200
rapid sale. 
No amount of yelling or flashy 

531
00:25:52,200 --> 00:25:55,000
sales, pitches can compare to 
the value of loyal, customers 

532
00:25:55,000 --> 00:25:56,500
telling their friends about your
business. 

533
00:25:57,400 --> 00:25:59,800
You can tell that the young 
Copper Pot seller had a tough 

534
00:25:59,800 --> 00:26:02,200
morning. 
But as the day goes on, you can 

535
00:26:02,200 --> 00:26:05,900
see that he has had a good day 
with the pleasure of someone who

536
00:26:05,900 --> 00:26:07,800
has effectively. 
Applied important Lessons 

537
00:26:07,800 --> 00:26:10,400
Learned. 
He has cut down on his display 

538
00:26:10,400 --> 00:26:13,200
by a lot and is carefully 
wrapping up the rest of his 

539
00:26:13,200 --> 00:26:15,500
stock. 
It's nice to see new people get 

540
00:26:15,500 --> 00:26:17,300
settled into the traditional 
dance of business. 

541
00:26:17,300 --> 00:26:20,400
The marketplace takes on a 
different identity as the day 

542
00:26:20,400 --> 00:26:22,700
comes to an end. 
People seem to think that the 

543
00:26:22,700 --> 00:26:25,600
serious business of buying and 
selling is giving way to the 

544
00:26:25,600 --> 00:26:27,600
social side of Market life as 
talks. 

545
00:26:27,600 --> 00:26:30,500
Get more casual and 
transactions, become less tense,

546
00:26:30,500 --> 00:26:33,600
regular customers and sellers, 
talk about neighborhood, gossip 

547
00:26:33,600 --> 00:26:35,800
family news and what they expect
to sell tomorrow. 

548
00:26:35,800 --> 00:26:38,900
Kids who have been stuck indoors
because of the Heat come out 

549
00:26:38,900 --> 00:26:42,200
with their parents and add their
voices to the subtle murmur of 

550
00:26:42,200 --> 00:26:45,000
evening Commerce. 
The well-dressed woman who was 

551
00:26:45,000 --> 00:26:48,200
your first customer of the day 
comes back with two companions 

552
00:26:48,200 --> 00:26:49,900
who are clearly from out of 
town. 

553
00:26:49,900 --> 00:26:52,500
This leads to your last big 
transaction of the day. 

554
00:26:52,500 --> 00:26:55,900
Something you didn't expect. 
She talks about your herb 

555
00:26:55,900 --> 00:26:57,700
infused oils. 
With the eagerness of someone 

556
00:26:57,700 --> 00:27:00,900
who has already used the oil, 
she bought in the morning and is

557
00:27:00,900 --> 00:27:03,400
happy with the results. 
You mentally, note your friends 

558
00:27:03,400 --> 00:27:07,000
choices for later, use when they
buy in bulk as the sun sets 

559
00:27:07,000 --> 00:27:10,500
painting, the Western sky with 
pink and gold colors, that would

560
00:27:10,500 --> 00:27:12,300
make even the gods. 
Stop and stare. 

561
00:27:12,300 --> 00:27:15,400
You begin, the process of 
closing down your stall for the 

562
00:27:15,400 --> 00:27:19,300
day, your coin purse, which is 
substantially heavier now than 

563
00:27:19,300 --> 00:27:22,100
it was at Daybreak. 
Represents both your financial 

564
00:27:22,100 --> 00:27:25,200
success and the satisfaction 
that comes from pairing 

565
00:27:25,200 --> 00:27:28,100
high-quality Goods with happy 
clients all day long. 

566
00:27:28,900 --> 00:27:31,200
The last of the goods are 
carefully packaged for 

567
00:27:31,208 --> 00:27:34,400
tomorrow's Market, each box is 
wrapped and secured so that they

568
00:27:34,400 --> 00:27:37,000
will be in perfect shape for 
another day of probable sales. 

569
00:27:37,800 --> 00:27:40,500
Your read mat which is been a 
loyal friend on many Market days

570
00:27:40,500 --> 00:27:43,800
is folded with the respect that 
comes from a reliable business 

571
00:27:43,800 --> 00:27:46,600
partner, you take apart the 
wooden platform that contains 

572
00:27:46,600 --> 00:27:48,900
your special oils and store it 
with your other tools. 

573
00:27:49,700 --> 00:27:52,700
The market square around you 
steadily empties out as other 

574
00:27:52,700 --> 00:27:54,700
vendors conclude their own 
closing tasks. 

575
00:27:54,700 --> 00:27:57,600
Some people are packing up empty
containers with happy 

576
00:27:57,600 --> 00:28:01,600
Expressions, after selling out, 
Others who might not be as lucky

577
00:28:01,600 --> 00:28:05,400
or experienced emerging their 
leftover goods and getting ready

578
00:28:05,400 --> 00:28:07,900
for tomorrow's event. 
No matter what happens today, 

579
00:28:07,900 --> 00:28:11,500
tomorrow brings new chances. 
This shows that the merchants 

580
00:28:11,500 --> 00:28:13,000
are always hopeful in every 
face. 

581
00:28:13,800 --> 00:28:16,100
Walking home through 
Alexandria's quiet evening. 

582
00:28:16,100 --> 00:28:19,300
Streets is a nice break from The
Busy Market Commerce and the 

583
00:28:19,300 --> 00:28:21,000
more subtle pleasures of daily 
life. 

584
00:28:21,000 --> 00:28:24,200
Your leather bag, which now 
houses currency instead of 

585
00:28:24,200 --> 00:28:26,600
products pleasantly brushes 
against your hip. 

586
00:28:26,600 --> 00:28:29,500
With each stride, reminding you 
of what you've done that day. 

587
00:28:30,200 --> 00:28:32,700
The cobblestones under your 
sandals, feel nice and familiar.

588
00:28:32,700 --> 00:28:36,000
They are still warm from the 
days heat but not too hot. 

589
00:28:36,700 --> 00:28:39,200
As people in the city like their
oil lamps and the smell of 

590
00:28:39,200 --> 00:28:40,500
dinner. 
Cooking, whopped Through the 

591
00:28:40,500 --> 00:28:44,100
Windows and Doors, the city, 
relaxes into its nightly Rhythm,

592
00:28:44,100 --> 00:28:47,200
you smile at the prospect that 
the money you made this morning.

593
00:28:47,200 --> 00:28:48,800
Might go to the family dinner 
tonight. 

594
00:28:49,700 --> 00:28:51,800
Someone nearby is cooking fish 
with herbs. 

595
00:28:51,800 --> 00:28:53,600
That smell a lot. 
Like the ones you use in your 

596
00:28:53,600 --> 00:28:56,200
own personal blend. 
It feels great to know that. 

597
00:28:56,200 --> 00:28:58,400
Your work helps people get 
together over good food and 

598
00:28:58,400 --> 00:29:00,900
meals. 
You buy a loaf of bread from the

599
00:29:00,900 --> 00:29:03,400
bakery, where you've been a 
regular customer for 15 years. 

600
00:29:03,400 --> 00:29:06,000
The bread is still warm from the
ovens. 

601
00:29:06,000 --> 00:29:10,000
The heavy set, man, who works as
a baker and constantly has flour

602
00:29:10,000 --> 00:29:13,200
on his apron, asks, about your 
day, with the genuine interests 

603
00:29:13,200 --> 00:29:17,200
of a small company owner, 
inquiring about another and not 

604
00:29:17,200 --> 00:29:19,400
of approval and a loaf of bread 
that is a little bigger than 

605
00:29:19,400 --> 00:29:21,300
what you paid for. 
Are the fruits of your short 

606
00:29:21,300 --> 00:29:23,600
report of steady sales and happy
customers. 

607
00:29:23,600 --> 00:29:26,800
This is the kind of small 
gesture of kindness, that makes 

608
00:29:26,800 --> 00:29:30,000
a local business feel like a 
community instead of just a 

609
00:29:30,000 --> 00:29:32,800
transaction. 
The Narrow Street that connects 

610
00:29:32,800 --> 00:29:35,400
to your home and store feels 
like a safe place after the 

611
00:29:35,400 --> 00:29:38,500
Market Square is so bustling. 
The voice is a softer. 

612
00:29:38,500 --> 00:29:41,800
The tempo is slow and the 
problems are more personal than 

613
00:29:41,800 --> 00:29:46,200
business-related kids play games
in small Courtyards and their 

614
00:29:46,200 --> 00:29:48,100
laughter Echoes off the old 
stone walls. 

615
00:29:48,100 --> 00:29:51,100
That have seen many nights like 
these elderly people sit at 

616
00:29:51,108 --> 00:29:54,000
doorways and watch the world go 
by, with the patient attention 

617
00:29:54,000 --> 00:29:56,700
of individuals who have learned 
to enjoy the drama of Every Day,

618
00:29:56,700 --> 00:29:59,000
Life. 
As you walk in to your shop, 

619
00:29:59,000 --> 00:30:02,000
which has been locked since 
Daybreak, The Familiar smell of 

620
00:30:02,000 --> 00:30:05,000
olive oil and the faint floral 
notes, that fill the whole 

621
00:30:05,000 --> 00:30:08,600
building greet you, the huge 
storage and foreign which stand,

622
00:30:08,600 --> 00:30:10,700
like motionless guards in the 
darkening Sky. 

623
00:30:10,700 --> 00:30:13,700
Hold both the wealth of the 
present and the promise of the 

624
00:30:13,700 --> 00:30:16,100
future tomorrow. 
You'll need to restock some 

625
00:30:16,100 --> 00:30:18,200
items. 
Maybe test out a new herb 

626
00:30:18,200 --> 00:30:20,100
combination that came to you 
while you were talking to 

627
00:30:20,100 --> 00:30:23,400
clients today and definitely 
organized the best possible mix 

628
00:30:23,400 --> 00:30:25,100
of products for another day in 
the market. 

629
00:30:26,300 --> 00:30:30,100
The stairs to your living space 
Creek, their nightly greetings, 

630
00:30:30,100 --> 00:30:32,300
as you climb to the chamber, 
that serves as both a bedroom 

631
00:30:32,308 --> 00:30:34,400
and a quiet escape from the 
business World below. 

632
00:30:34,400 --> 00:30:37,700
You may finally relax here 
surrounded by things that tell 

633
00:30:37,700 --> 00:30:39,700
the story of your 20 years as a 
merchant. 

634
00:30:39,700 --> 00:30:43,000
The bronze mirror shows a face 
that is pleasantly tired from 

635
00:30:43,000 --> 00:30:46,300
both mental and physical effort,
which is different from just 

636
00:30:46,300 --> 00:30:48,700
being tired. 
You count the money, you 

637
00:30:48,700 --> 00:30:50,900
generate every day because you 
need to keep an eye on your 

638
00:30:50,900 --> 00:30:54,500
business's health and prepare 
for future purchases and 

639
00:30:54,500 --> 00:30:56,700
Investments. 
Not because you want to the 

640
00:30:56,700 --> 00:30:59,600
coins are more than just money, 
they show that you have good 

641
00:30:59,600 --> 00:31:02,200
relationships with your 
customers, that your pricing and

642
00:31:02,200 --> 00:31:05,000
quality judgement are still good
and that you'll have enough 

643
00:31:05,000 --> 00:31:08,100
resources for New Opportunities.
When the Market opens tomorrow, 

644
00:31:08,100 --> 00:31:11,300
you make the evening meal with 
food, you bought on your way 

645
00:31:11,300 --> 00:31:13,900
home and it becomes a private 
celebration of the days. 

646
00:31:13,900 --> 00:31:17,200
Work, a simple but full dinner 
made with bread from your local 

647
00:31:17,200 --> 00:31:20,800
bakery cheese, from the seller 
to blocks away and a little bit 

648
00:31:20,800 --> 00:31:22,600
of your own. 
Best olive oil, connects you to 

649
00:31:22,600 --> 00:31:25,600
the business and community that 
makes Alexandria such a terrific

650
00:31:25,600 --> 00:31:31,600
place to live and work. 
As night sets and the sounds of 

651
00:31:31,600 --> 00:31:35,600
the evening distant chatter, the
clip-clop of late Travelers 

652
00:31:35,600 --> 00:31:37,900
donkeys, and the closing of 
shutters and doors. 

653
00:31:37,900 --> 00:31:40,600
Create the sweet Lullaby of 
urban life. 

654
00:31:40,600 --> 00:31:44,200
Winding down, you think about 
the routines and joys of the 

655
00:31:44,200 --> 00:31:47,700
merchants existence each day 
brings new challenges and 

656
00:31:47,700 --> 00:31:50,400
rewards the new group of people 
with different needs and 

657
00:31:50,400 --> 00:31:53,800
personalities and opportunities,
to match products with clients 

658
00:31:53,800 --> 00:31:57,800
who will really utilize them. 
As you get ready for bed, the 

659
00:31:57,800 --> 00:32:01,300
lamp flame, flickers, softly 
making Shadows danced, on the 

660
00:32:01,300 --> 00:32:03,500
walls that have kept. 
You safe during good times and 

661
00:32:03,508 --> 00:32:05,900
bad when Alexandria was doing 
well. 

662
00:32:05,900 --> 00:32:09,500
And when politics May trade 
harder, the basic appeal of 

663
00:32:09,500 --> 00:32:12,700
being a merchant has never 
changed the satisfaction of 

664
00:32:12,700 --> 00:32:14,900
delivering high-quality Goods to
happy customers. 

665
00:32:14,900 --> 00:32:18,300
The intellectual challenge of 
understanding markets and people

666
00:32:18,300 --> 00:32:21,600
equally well and the knowledge 
that your work is helping the 

667
00:32:21,600 --> 00:32:25,200
great human effort to provide 
food shelter and care for one 

668
00:32:25,200 --> 00:32:27,600
another. 
Tomorrow will bring a fresh 

669
00:32:27,600 --> 00:32:29,400
opportunity to do business 
ethically. 

670
00:32:29,400 --> 00:32:32,300
In one of the biggest markets on
the globe, you'll meet new 

671
00:32:32,300 --> 00:32:35,200
clientele with different needs 
and tastes, and you'll have new 

672
00:32:35,200 --> 00:32:36,700
chance as to do business 
ethically. 

673
00:32:36,700 --> 00:32:39,700
You can rest easy tonight. 
Knowing that you did a good job 

674
00:32:39,700 --> 00:32:42,900
kept your relationship strong 
and had another successful day 

675
00:32:42,900 --> 00:32:45,900
in the endlessly, interesting, 
Business of Being Human where 

676
00:32:45,900 --> 00:32:48,900
everyone needs something. 
And the wise Merchants Joy is in

677
00:32:48,908 --> 00:32:52,200
helping and find it. 
The donkey next door. 

678
00:32:52,200 --> 00:32:54,600
Seems happy with how he sang 
this morning and goes to sleep 

679
00:32:54,600 --> 00:32:56,900
peacefully while Alexandria 
sleeps. 

680
00:32:56,900 --> 00:32:58,300
The merchants of tomorrow 
already. 

681
00:32:58,300 --> 00:33:06,800
Dreaming of mourning. 
Picture yourself settling into a

682
00:33:06,800 --> 00:33:09,800
wooden chair by your half on a 
crisp or to evening in the year.

683
00:33:09,800 --> 00:33:13,000
1066. 
You've just finished your barley

684
00:33:13,000 --> 00:33:16,400
soup and dark bread and the fire
crackles with that particular 

685
00:33:16,400 --> 00:33:19,100
satisfaction. 
That comes from a belly that's 

686
00:33:19,100 --> 00:33:23,100
finally full after a long day of
backbreaking work, Your bones 

687
00:33:23,100 --> 00:33:26,400
ache in that familiar way. 
The kind that reminds you that 

688
00:33:26,400 --> 00:33:29,500
you've earned your rest. 
You step outside to check on the

689
00:33:29,500 --> 00:33:32,100
chickens one last time and 
that's when you see it. 

690
00:33:33,200 --> 00:33:35,500
Blazing Sword. 
Hangs in the Western sky. 

691
00:33:35,500 --> 00:33:38,000
It's fiery tail streaming behind
it. 

692
00:33:38,000 --> 00:33:39,700
Like the banner of some 
Celestial Army. 

693
00:33:40,500 --> 00:33:43,900
Your heart pauses, not because 
your witnessing one of Nature's 

694
00:33:43,900 --> 00:33:47,700
Most spectacular shows. 
But because, you know, with the 

695
00:33:47,700 --> 00:33:49,900
certainty that comes from a 
lifetime of sermons and 

696
00:33:49,908 --> 00:33:52,600
warnings, that this thing in the
sky means trouble. 

697
00:33:52,600 --> 00:33:56,400
See, you don't live in a world 
where comets are chunks of ice 

698
00:33:56,400 --> 00:33:59,800
and rock following predictable. 
Orbits, the sun, you live in a 

699
00:33:59,800 --> 00:34:01,500
world where the heavens are 
God's Own theater. 

700
00:34:01,500 --> 00:34:04,800
And when something unusual 
appears up there, it's not 

701
00:34:04,800 --> 00:34:07,900
astronomy. 
It's a Divine Telegram and this 

702
00:34:07,900 --> 00:34:09,800
particular message, looks pretty
ominous. 

703
00:34:09,800 --> 00:34:11,600
Your medieval brain. 
Doesn't think. 

704
00:34:11,600 --> 00:34:14,600
Oh, fascinating. 
A Celestial visitor from the 

705
00:34:14,600 --> 00:34:16,100
outer reaches of our solar 
system. 

706
00:34:16,100 --> 00:34:20,699
Instead it thinks something more
along the lines of well, that's 

707
00:34:20,699 --> 00:34:22,900
it, then? 
Someone's about to die. 

708
00:34:22,900 --> 00:34:25,199
Probably horribly. 
And it might just be me. 

709
00:34:26,000 --> 00:34:29,000
The thing is you're not being 
irrational, not by the standards

710
00:34:29,000 --> 00:34:31,900
of your time. 
Anyway you live in an age where 

711
00:34:31,900 --> 00:34:35,100
the line between the natural and
Supernatural is as blurry as 

712
00:34:35,100 --> 00:34:38,500
your vision after too much. 
Ale angels and demons are as 

713
00:34:38,500 --> 00:34:42,199
real as your neighbor's cow and 
the sky serves as God's bulletin

714
00:34:42,199 --> 00:34:45,400
board, and now announcing his 
disapproval of Humanity's latest

715
00:34:45,400 --> 00:34:47,600
misdeeds. 
You know, the stories. 

716
00:34:47,600 --> 00:34:51,400
Everyone knows the story is how 
a blazing star appeared before 

717
00:34:51,400 --> 00:34:55,199
Jerusalem felt the Romans, how 
strange that lights in the sky 

718
00:34:55,199 --> 00:34:56,900
preceded? 
The death of empress and the 

719
00:34:56,900 --> 00:34:59,600
fall of Kingdoms? 
Your grandfather told you about 

720
00:34:59,600 --> 00:35:01,400
the time. 
A Comet appeared, just before 

721
00:35:01,400 --> 00:35:03,300
the terrible famine that killed 
half the village. 

722
00:35:04,100 --> 00:35:06,300
For you. 
These stories are more than mere

723
00:35:06,300 --> 00:35:08,600
entertainment. 
They serve as historical 

724
00:35:08,600 --> 00:35:11,200
records. 
And here's the thing that makes 

725
00:35:11,200 --> 00:35:14,600
it even worse, you can't just 
shrug and go back inside. 

726
00:35:14,600 --> 00:35:18,300
Everyone else in, your villagers
are so witnessed it and their 

727
00:35:18,300 --> 00:35:20,400
thoughts aligned with yours 
tomorrow. 

728
00:35:20,400 --> 00:35:23,300
They'll be worried Whispers at 
the well, and anxious glances 

729
00:35:23,300 --> 00:35:25,600
toward the manor house. 
The priest will have that 

730
00:35:25,600 --> 00:35:28,300
particular expression. 
That means he's about to deliver

731
00:35:28,300 --> 00:35:30,400
some very unwelcome news from 
the pulpit. 

732
00:35:31,100 --> 00:35:33,500
You pull your Woolen cloak, 
tighter around your shoulders. 

733
00:35:33,500 --> 00:35:37,100
And try to remember if you've 
been particularly sinful lately 

734
00:35:38,000 --> 00:35:40,300
Did you take that extra turn it 
from the Lord's field? 

735
00:35:40,300 --> 00:35:43,400
Were you on charitable toward 
your neighbor when his Pig got 

736
00:35:43,400 --> 00:35:46,600
into your garden, these things 
matter now because clearly the 

737
00:35:46,600 --> 00:35:49,200
all Mighty is paying attention 
and he's not happy about 

738
00:35:49,200 --> 00:35:51,900
something, the comet. 
Hangs there like a cosmic 

739
00:35:51,900 --> 00:35:55,100
reproach and you can't help but 
wonder what fresh disaster. 

740
00:35:55,100 --> 00:35:57,500
It's announcing. 
Do you think the Normans will 

741
00:35:57,500 --> 00:35:59,600
eventually follow through on 
their threats to invade? 

742
00:35:59,600 --> 00:36:03,200
Will there be another plague 
will your lord decide to raise 

743
00:36:03,200 --> 00:36:06,000
the taxes. 
Again in your world, bad news 

744
00:36:06,000 --> 00:36:08,900
swiftly spreads, across the 
night, sky, with a fiery tail. 

745
00:36:08,900 --> 00:36:12,500
You stand there for what feels 
like hours, but is probably only

746
00:36:12,500 --> 00:36:16,000
minutes watching this. 
Unwelcome visitor, you want to 

747
00:36:16,000 --> 00:36:19,700
appreciate its awful Beauty but 
mostly you want it to leave with

748
00:36:19,700 --> 00:36:23,300
the disaster, its advertising. 
If there's one thing you've 

749
00:36:23,300 --> 00:36:26,900
learned in your Hard Scrabble 
medieval life is usually not the

750
00:36:26,900 --> 00:36:29,700
kind of show you want front row 
seats, for the next morning 

751
00:36:29,700 --> 00:36:32,400
arrives with all the subtlety of
a mule kick to the head. 

752
00:36:32,400 --> 00:36:36,300
You wake to the sound of church 
bells not the regular call to 

753
00:36:36,300 --> 00:36:38,600
morning prayers. 
But the Urgent irregular 

754
00:36:38,600 --> 00:36:40,600
clanging that means. 
Father Benedict has something 

755
00:36:40,600 --> 00:36:44,000
important to announce and 
judging by the Frantic quality 

756
00:36:44,000 --> 00:36:46,200
of the ringing. 
It's probably not good news 

757
00:36:46,200 --> 00:36:49,400
about the Harvest Festival. 
You stumble out of your cottage 

758
00:36:49,400 --> 00:36:52,300
still pulling on your boots to 
find half the village, already 

759
00:36:52,300 --> 00:36:55,300
gathered in the Square. 
Everyone looks like they've seen

760
00:36:55,300 --> 00:36:59,200
a ghost which, in a way they 
have, it's the celestial ghost 

761
00:36:59,200 --> 00:37:03,600
of impending, doom complete with
a fiery tail and a profoundly 

762
00:37:03,600 --> 00:37:05,800
negative outlook on Humanity's 
moral State. 

763
00:37:05,800 --> 00:37:09,800
Father Benedict, stands on the 
church steps his expression, as 

764
00:37:09,800 --> 00:37:12,600
troubled as everyone else's his 
usually neat. 

765
00:37:12,600 --> 00:37:15,600
Tonsure is to shovel and he's 
clutching his prayer book, like 

766
00:37:15,600 --> 00:37:18,000
it might Sprout wings and carry 
him away from this mess. 

767
00:37:18,900 --> 00:37:21,800
When he speaks his voice has 
that particular Tremor that 

768
00:37:21,800 --> 00:37:24,200
suggests, he's been up all night
wrestling with theological 

769
00:37:24,200 --> 00:37:27,300
implications. 
My dear children will begin. 

770
00:37:28,000 --> 00:37:30,300
You know, immediately that 
whatever follows is going to be 

771
00:37:30,300 --> 00:37:33,900
the opposite of reassuring. 
The Lord has sent us a sign in 

772
00:37:33,900 --> 00:37:35,900
the heavens. 
A reminder, of his Divine 

773
00:37:35,900 --> 00:37:39,300
displeasure with the sins of 
this world, Now here's where 

774
00:37:39,300 --> 00:37:41,300
medieval logic gets particularly
intriguing. 

775
00:37:41,300 --> 00:37:45,500
In your time, everything happens
for a reason and that reason is 

776
00:37:45,500 --> 00:37:48,300
usually either God rewarding the
faithful or God punishing the 

777
00:37:48,300 --> 00:37:51,200
wicked. 
There are no random Cosmic 

778
00:37:51,200 --> 00:37:54,200
events or natural phenomena that
occur simply due to the laws of 

779
00:37:54,200 --> 00:37:57,000
physics. 
When a comet appears, it's 

780
00:37:57,000 --> 00:37:59,600
because God grabbed it by the 
tail and flung it across the 

781
00:37:59,600 --> 00:38:01,800
sky. 
Like a cosmic Javelin, aimed 

782
00:38:01,800 --> 00:38:04,800
directly at whatever Kingdom 
Village, or individual has been 

783
00:38:04,800 --> 00:38:06,300
getting too big for their 
britches. 

784
00:38:07,300 --> 00:38:09,900
The mathematics of this system 
are beautifully, simple, and 

785
00:38:09,900 --> 00:38:13,200
absolutely terrifying. 
Bad things happen because 

786
00:38:13,200 --> 00:38:17,100
someone somewhere has offended 
the almighty, the bigger, the 

787
00:38:17,100 --> 00:38:21,500
wicked thing, the bigger the sin
that caused it and a comet a 

788
00:38:21,500 --> 00:38:23,400
comet is not just any ordinary 
bad thing. 

789
00:38:23,400 --> 00:38:27,300
That's the cosmic equivalent of 
God taking a serious dance. 

790
00:38:28,300 --> 00:38:30,900
You glance around your 
neighbor's, all of whom are 

791
00:38:30,900 --> 00:38:34,200
doing their own moral inventory.
There's Thomas the Miller, your 

792
00:38:34,200 --> 00:38:37,200
pretty sure has been watering 
down the flower, Margaret the 

793
00:38:37,200 --> 00:38:40,200
baker undoubtedly, overcharges 
for bread and likely fabricates 

794
00:38:40,200 --> 00:38:43,400
the weight. 
Old Henrik is known by everyone 

795
00:38:43,400 --> 00:38:45,200
to poach rabbits from the Lord's
Forest. 

796
00:38:45,200 --> 00:38:49,500
But he is clever enough to avoid
getting caught In fact upon 

797
00:38:49,500 --> 00:38:52,800
reflection your village 
resembles a catalog of petty 

798
00:38:52,800 --> 00:38:56,800
sins and moral compromises. 
Flaming harbinger of divine 

799
00:38:56,800 --> 00:39:00,100
Justice, suddenly casts a shadow
over your village, making it 

800
00:39:00,100 --> 00:39:03,700
seem less amusing and more like 
a poor strategic decision. 

801
00:39:04,500 --> 00:39:07,600
Father, Benedict, continues, his
sermon explaining how comets 

802
00:39:07,600 --> 00:39:10,900
have historically appeared 
before, great disasters, the 

803
00:39:10,900 --> 00:39:13,600
medieval catastrophes, which 
included the destruction of 

804
00:39:13,600 --> 00:39:17,600
cities, the deaths of Kings 
famines plagues and invasions 

805
00:39:17,600 --> 00:39:20,900
were all proceeded by fiery 
visitors from the afterlife. 

806
00:39:21,700 --> 00:39:24,500
Father, Benedict provides 
details explanations for most of

807
00:39:24,500 --> 00:39:27,000
his points. 
Supplemented by insightful 

808
00:39:27,000 --> 00:39:30,000
quotes from various Saints who 
shared their perspectives on 

809
00:39:30,000 --> 00:39:33,600
Celestial phenomena, The truly 
maddening part is that this 

810
00:39:33,600 --> 00:39:36,300
system of cosmic cause and 
effect actually makes sense 

811
00:39:36,300 --> 00:39:40,000
within the medieval worldview if
God is all powerful and all 

812
00:39:40,000 --> 00:39:42,500
knowing that nothing happened 
without his permission. 

813
00:39:42,500 --> 00:39:46,200
If something dramatic happened 
in the heavens is because he put

814
00:39:46,200 --> 00:39:49,600
it there and if he put it there 
it's because he's trying to tell

815
00:39:49,600 --> 00:39:51,900
you something. 
The only question is if you 

816
00:39:51,900 --> 00:39:54,600
possess the intelligence to 
decipher that message before, 

817
00:39:54,600 --> 00:39:57,900
it's too late, You find yourself
nodding in agreement with the 

818
00:39:57,900 --> 00:40:01,500
priests explanation despite a 
part of your mind resisting, the

819
00:40:01,500 --> 00:40:03,300
overwhelming unfairness of it 
all. 

820
00:40:03,300 --> 00:40:06,900
After all, you've been a 
reasonably decent person, you go

821
00:40:06,900 --> 00:40:09,000
to church, you don't murder 
anyone. 

822
00:40:09,000 --> 00:40:12,000
You only steal when you're 
really hungry and you've never 

823
00:40:12,008 --> 00:40:14,800
covered your neighbor's Ox, with
any serious intent. 

824
00:40:14,800 --> 00:40:18,300
But apparently, the cosmic 
justice system operates on a 

825
00:40:18,300 --> 00:40:21,400
collective guilt principal and 
your villagers moral credit 

826
00:40:21,400 --> 00:40:24,300
rating has just been downgraded 
to pray for your souls. 

827
00:40:25,200 --> 00:40:28,000
As father Benedict, wraps up his
impromptu, sermon with a call 

828
00:40:28,000 --> 00:40:31,600
for increased piety and possibly
some emergency donations to the 

829
00:40:31,600 --> 00:40:33,800
church roof fund. 
You can't help but stare up at 

830
00:40:33,800 --> 00:40:36,900
the morning sky. 
The comet isn't visible now but 

831
00:40:36,900 --> 00:40:39,700
you know it's still there. 
Lurking behind the sun like a 

832
00:40:39,700 --> 00:40:43,200
cosmic bill collector waiting to
serve papers by midday. 

833
00:40:43,200 --> 00:40:45,800
Your village has descended into 
a state of organized. 

834
00:40:45,800 --> 00:40:49,100
His stereo it's remarkable 
really her quickly. 

835
00:40:49,100 --> 00:40:51,900
A community can pivot from 
mundane concerns about grain 

836
00:40:51,900 --> 00:40:55,600
storage and pig breeding to 
full-scale apocalyptic anxiety. 

837
00:40:56,600 --> 00:41:00,200
Everyone becomes an expert on 
Divine wrath and Celestial Omens

838
00:41:00,200 --> 00:41:03,200
after witnessing a fiery 
visitor, in the night sky. 

839
00:41:04,400 --> 00:41:07,100
While you attempt to carry out 
your daily tasks, such as 

840
00:41:07,100 --> 00:41:09,600
feeding, the chickens, and 
fixing the Leaky that in your 

841
00:41:09,608 --> 00:41:12,900
cottage, it becomes difficult to
focus when half of your 

842
00:41:12,900 --> 00:41:15,300
neighbor's are convinced that 
the world is on the verge of a 

843
00:41:15,300 --> 00:41:18,900
catastrophic end on the other 
half a debating, the specifics 

844
00:41:18,900 --> 00:41:22,700
of this end. the blacksmith has 
become convinced that the comet 

845
00:41:22,700 --> 00:41:25,600
is specifically targeting Smiths
because he once made a horse 

846
00:41:25,600 --> 00:41:28,900
shoe on a Sunday, The baker 
thinks it's about bread prices, 

847
00:41:28,900 --> 00:41:31,800
which honestly might not be 
wrong, given what she charges 

848
00:41:31,800 --> 00:41:34,800
for a decent loaf. 
Young William from the mill is 

849
00:41:34,800 --> 00:41:37,100
certain it's because he's been 
having in pure thoughts about 

850
00:41:37,100 --> 00:41:40,800
the merchants daughter though. 
Frankly half the village has 

851
00:41:40,800 --> 00:41:42,900
been having in pure thoughts 
about the merchants daughter. 

852
00:41:42,900 --> 00:41:46,700
So if God punished every lustful
glance with Cosmic fireworks, 

853
00:41:46,700 --> 00:41:49,400
the sky would look like a 
continuous celebration. 

854
00:41:50,700 --> 00:41:53,600
What's fascinating is how 
everyone's personal guilt is 

855
00:41:53,600 --> 00:41:56,900
suddenly Cosmic in scope? 
Do you remember the Apple you 

856
00:41:56,900 --> 00:42:00,100
stole from your neighbor's tree 
last Autumn clearly grounds for 

857
00:42:00,100 --> 00:42:03,800
divine retribution via a flaming
Celestial messenger the 

858
00:42:03,800 --> 00:42:06,300
occasion, when you informed your
supervisor that you were to 

859
00:42:06,300 --> 00:42:10,200
work, even though you simply 
wish to sleep in, This is 

860
00:42:10,200 --> 00:42:13,400
undoubtedly, the type of moral 
transgression that necessitates 

861
00:42:13,400 --> 00:42:16,300
a correction from a higher 
power, your City on your 

862
00:42:16,300 --> 00:42:19,600
doorstep, trying to patch a hole
in your boot and listening to 

863
00:42:19,600 --> 00:42:22,300
the increasingly creative 
theories about what the comet 

864
00:42:22,300 --> 00:42:24,900
means. 
When old Martha shuffles over, 

865
00:42:24,900 --> 00:42:27,400
she is The Village's unofficial 
historian. 

866
00:42:28,300 --> 00:42:30,500
The keeper of all the local 
disaster and they are supposed 

867
00:42:30,500 --> 00:42:34,300
Celestial announcements if 
anyone knows about comets and 

868
00:42:34,300 --> 00:42:36,500
their terrible implications, 
it's Martha. 

869
00:42:37,800 --> 00:42:41,100
So on, just like it, 40 years 
ago, she says settling onto the 

870
00:42:41,108 --> 00:42:43,600
wooden bench beside your door 
with the careful, Precision of 

871
00:42:43,608 --> 00:42:45,200
joints, that complain about 
everything. 

872
00:42:46,100 --> 00:42:48,700
It was the same color, the same 
terrible brightness. 

873
00:42:48,700 --> 00:42:52,000
You know what happened next? 
You're not sure you want to know

874
00:42:52,000 --> 00:42:54,000
but Martha is going to tell you 
anyway. 

875
00:42:54,900 --> 00:42:57,400
There's a gleam in her eye 
indicating that she's about to 

876
00:42:57,400 --> 00:43:01,200
reveal a particularly juicy 
piece of historical catastrophe.

877
00:43:02,500 --> 00:43:05,600
The great sickness came through 
the sickness, claimed the lives 

878
00:43:05,600 --> 00:43:08,600
of every third person in the 
village, including my first 

879
00:43:08,600 --> 00:43:13,400
husband God, Rest his soul. 
Though between you and me, she 

880
00:43:13,400 --> 00:43:16,500
leans closer, her voice dropping
to, a conspiratorial whisper 

881
00:43:16,500 --> 00:43:20,000
Harold, had it coming man? 
Never met a commandment. 

882
00:43:20,000 --> 00:43:23,500
He couldn't find a way around. 
This is the thing about medieval

883
00:43:23,500 --> 00:43:26,000
life that makes Comet Fierce so 
perfectly reasonable. 

884
00:43:26,000 --> 00:43:29,100
Had things really do happen with
alarming regularity. 

885
00:43:30,300 --> 00:43:36,500
Plagues famines Wars. 
Floods droughts fires invasions,

886
00:43:36,500 --> 00:43:39,600
it's like living in a cosmic 
pinball machine where you're the

887
00:43:39,608 --> 00:43:41,600
ball and disaster is every 
bumper. 

888
00:43:42,300 --> 00:43:45,200
When your Baseline existence 
includes regular encounters with

889
00:43:45,200 --> 00:43:48,600
death disease and destruction, 
the appearance of something 

890
00:43:48,600 --> 00:43:51,700
unusual in the sky isn't just 
Superstition, it's pattern 

891
00:43:51,700 --> 00:43:54,900
recognition. 
Martha continues her catalogue 

892
00:43:54,900 --> 00:43:58,300
of comet related to disasters. 
You start to understand why your

893
00:43:58,300 --> 00:44:00,900
ancestors developed such a 
healthy fear of celestial 

894
00:44:00,900 --> 00:44:04,400
visitors in a world where 
Medical Science consists largely

895
00:44:04,400 --> 00:44:07,100
of bloodletting and prayer. 
Where crop failure means 

896
00:44:07,100 --> 00:44:10,200
starvation and where political 
stability is whatever mood. 

897
00:44:10,200 --> 00:44:11,900
The local Lord happens to be in 
that day. 

898
00:44:11,900 --> 00:44:15,500
Any advance warning of trouble 
is valuable, even if that 

899
00:44:15,500 --> 00:44:18,300
warning comes in the form of 
astronomical phenomena, that 

900
00:44:18,300 --> 00:44:20,600
won't be properly understood for
another few hundred years. 

901
00:44:21,900 --> 00:44:24,500
Truly clever thing about Comet 
fear is that it's almost 

902
00:44:24,500 --> 00:44:27,900
impossible to disprove something
bad or was happens. 

903
00:44:27,900 --> 00:44:30,600
Eventually that's just the 
nature of medieval life. 

904
00:44:31,500 --> 00:44:34,700
When a Calamity occurs, 
everyone, recalls the comet and 

905
00:44:34,700 --> 00:44:37,500
reverently acknowledges, the 
Divine warnings and Cosmic 

906
00:44:37,500 --> 00:44:40,800
Justice. the fact that bad 
things also happen, when there 

907
00:44:40,800 --> 00:44:44,300
aren't any comets around is 
conveniently forgotten in favor 

908
00:44:44,300 --> 00:44:47,300
of the much more, satisfying 
Narrative of celestials and 

909
00:44:47,300 --> 00:44:51,100
effect, As the day progresses, 
You observe that the Panic 

910
00:44:51,100 --> 00:44:53,500
begins to assume a distinctly. 
Practical aspect. 

911
00:44:53,500 --> 00:44:55,700
People are checking their food 
stores. 

912
00:44:55,700 --> 00:44:59,700
Making sure their tools are in 
good repair, settling old debts 

913
00:44:59,700 --> 00:45:01,400
and being unusually. 
Nice to people. 

914
00:45:01,400 --> 00:45:04,900
They normally can't stand. 
If a Calamity is imminent, it's 

915
00:45:04,900 --> 00:45:08,100
crucial to prepare thoroughly. 
And the last thing you want is 

916
00:45:08,100 --> 00:45:11,400
to confront Divine wrath, while 
in debt, your neighbor or 

917
00:45:11,400 --> 00:45:14,400
harboring resentment towards the
Miller, evening comes again. 

918
00:45:14,400 --> 00:45:18,600
And with it, the return of your 
unwelcome Celestial visitor, The

919
00:45:18,608 --> 00:45:21,900
comet hangs in the Western sky 
like a cosmic Sword of Damocles,

920
00:45:21,900 --> 00:45:24,800
and you're beginning to 
understand why your medieval 

921
00:45:24,800 --> 00:45:27,300
ancestors developed such 
elaborate theories about what 

922
00:45:27,300 --> 00:45:30,100
these things meant. 
When you don't have telescopes 

923
00:45:30,100 --> 00:45:32,600
or orbital mechanics or any real
understanding of what's 

924
00:45:32,600 --> 00:45:35,700
Happening beyond the atmosphere.
Nothing matching becomes your 

925
00:45:35,700 --> 00:45:38,600
primary scientific method. 
You must admit. 

926
00:45:39,400 --> 00:45:42,800
That patterns are quite 
compelling comets appear, bad 

927
00:45:42,800 --> 00:45:45,300
things happen. 
Sometimes the timing is 

928
00:45:45,300 --> 00:45:48,800
remarkably coincidental like 
that Comet, everyone still talks

929
00:45:48,800 --> 00:45:52,700
about that showed up just weeks 
before the terrible winter when 

930
00:45:52,700 --> 00:45:55,700
the rivers froze solid and half 
the livestock died. 

931
00:45:55,700 --> 00:45:59,700
Occasionally the connection is 
more General, a comet appears 

932
00:45:59,700 --> 00:46:02,300
and then sometime in the 
following months or years. 

933
00:46:02,300 --> 00:46:05,700
There's a war or plague or 
famine or political upheaval. 

934
00:46:06,400 --> 00:46:09,300
Of course, give them that Wars 
plagues famines. 

935
00:46:09,300 --> 00:46:11,700
And political upheavals are 
basically the background noise 

936
00:46:11,700 --> 00:46:14,900
of medieval existence. 
Connecting them to any unusual 

937
00:46:14,900 --> 00:46:17,000
Celestial event isn't exactly a 
stretch. 

938
00:46:17,000 --> 00:46:20,300
It's like predicting that 
sometime after you see a strange

939
00:46:20,300 --> 00:46:21,900
Cloud. 
It will rain. 

940
00:46:22,700 --> 00:46:25,600
In medieval Europe, the 
analogous prediction would be 

941
00:46:25,600 --> 00:46:28,600
that upon witnessing a comet a 
calamitous event would 

942
00:46:28,600 --> 00:46:31,700
inevitably befall someone and 
this prediction would almost 

943
00:46:31,700 --> 00:46:35,400
always proved accurate. 
Your contemplating this 

944
00:46:35,400 --> 00:46:38,500
prediction while sitting outside
your cottage, sharing a cup of 

945
00:46:38,508 --> 00:46:40,200
weak ale with your neighbor 
Edmond. 

946
00:46:40,800 --> 00:46:43,800
He's been unusually thoughtful 
all day which is notable because

947
00:46:43,800 --> 00:46:46,700
Edmund's usual approach to 
complex problems is to ignore 

948
00:46:46,700 --> 00:46:49,800
them until they either go away 
or become someone else's 

949
00:46:49,800 --> 00:46:52,600
responsibility. 
Been thinking about that thing 

950
00:46:52,600 --> 00:46:54,700
up there. 
He says gesturing toward the 

951
00:46:54,708 --> 00:46:57,800
comet with his cup wandering. 
If maybe we're looking at this 

952
00:46:57,800 --> 00:47:00,500
all wrong, the subject is 
intriguing. 

953
00:47:00,500 --> 00:47:04,200
Edmond have an original thought 
is like seeing a comet unusual 

954
00:47:04,200 --> 00:47:07,400
enough to Merit attention. 
How do you mean you are? 

955
00:47:08,300 --> 00:47:12,200
Well, Edwin continues warming to
his theme, what if it's not a 

956
00:47:12,200 --> 00:47:13,500
warning about something that's 
going to happen? 

957
00:47:13,500 --> 00:47:16,400
Could it be a warning about 
something currently occurring 

958
00:47:16,400 --> 00:47:17,600
that we have? 
Not yet observed. 

959
00:47:18,400 --> 00:47:21,400
This interpretation of cosmic 
messaging theory is surprisingly

960
00:47:21,400 --> 00:47:24,300
sophisticated rather than the 
Comets serving as a 

961
00:47:24,308 --> 00:47:27,100
foreshadowing of future events. 
It's akin to God. 

962
00:47:27,100 --> 00:47:29,900
Gently reminding you to take 
notice of a situation that has 

963
00:47:29,908 --> 00:47:33,100
been unfolding while you've been
preoccupied with other matters. 

964
00:47:33,100 --> 00:47:36,200
This interpretation has the 
advantage of being almost 

965
00:47:36,200 --> 00:47:39,500
impossible to argue with is 
their political tension, Brewing

966
00:47:39,500 --> 00:47:42,700
between neighboring laws as 
there been an unusual number of 

967
00:47:42,700 --> 00:47:45,400
sick cattle lately. 
Other crops looking a bit too 

968
00:47:45,400 --> 00:47:47,000
good. 
This year setting up for 

969
00:47:47,000 --> 00:47:50,500
placement and eventual disaster.
Any of these could be the 

970
00:47:50,500 --> 00:47:52,200
something that the comet is 
highlighting. 

971
00:47:52,200 --> 00:47:55,700
Edmund's Theory also explains 
why Comet seem to proceed 

972
00:47:55,700 --> 00:47:58,000
disasters, rather than directly 
caused them? 

973
00:47:58,008 --> 00:48:01,600
They're not Cosmic artillery 
shells fired by an upset deity. 

974
00:48:01,600 --> 00:48:04,400
They're more like Divine 
highlighter markers drawing 

975
00:48:04,400 --> 00:48:06,700
attention to problems that were 
already in the works. 

976
00:48:06,700 --> 00:48:10,300
You find the idea, oddly 
comforting, it suggests that 

977
00:48:10,308 --> 00:48:13,900
maybe just maybe there's still 
time to address, whatever issue 

978
00:48:13,900 --> 00:48:16,700
the comet is pointing out. 
If you can figure out what it 

979
00:48:16,700 --> 00:48:19,600
is, anyway. 
The two of you sit in 

980
00:48:19,600 --> 00:48:23,100
companionable silence watching 
the comet and sipping your ale. 

981
00:48:23,700 --> 00:48:25,900
Around the village other people 
are doing the same thing 

982
00:48:25,900 --> 00:48:29,100
standing in doorways, sitting on
benches and gathering in small 

983
00:48:29,100 --> 00:48:32,000
groups to stare at the sky and 
speculate about meaning. 

984
00:48:32,000 --> 00:48:35,400
It's like the entire Community 
as become a philosophical 

985
00:48:35,400 --> 00:48:38,300
Society dedicated to the 
interpretation of celestial 

986
00:48:38,300 --> 00:48:41,200
phenomena. 
The funny thing is all this 

987
00:48:41,200 --> 00:48:43,900
Comet watching and disaster, 
theorizing is actually bringing 

988
00:48:43,900 --> 00:48:46,700
people together. 
Shared anxiety has a way of 

989
00:48:46,700 --> 00:48:50,200
dissolving Petty Grievances and 
social barriers, the Miller who 

990
00:48:50,200 --> 00:48:52,900
usually can't be bothered to 
acknowledge Your Existence nods 

991
00:48:52,900 --> 00:48:54,300
Gravely when you pass him on the
road. 

992
00:48:55,100 --> 00:48:57,400
The Lord Steward. 
Normally as approachable, as a 

993
00:48:57,400 --> 00:49:00,500
rapid Badger, actually stops to 
ask your opinion about what the 

994
00:49:00,500 --> 00:49:04,000
comet might signify, you realize
that fear serves as a powerful 

995
00:49:04,000 --> 00:49:07,500
equalizer when everyone's 
worried about the same Cosmic 

996
00:49:07,500 --> 00:49:10,300
threat, suddenly the normal 
hierarchies and social divisions

997
00:49:10,300 --> 00:49:14,400
seem less important everyone 
ritual, poor Noble or peasant 

998
00:49:14,400 --> 00:49:17,000
has the same view of the 
troubling visitor, in the 

999
00:49:17,000 --> 00:49:20,100
Western sky, and the same 
questions about what it means. 

1000
00:49:20,100 --> 00:49:23,800
And what to do this community 
aspect of comet, fear is 

1001
00:49:23,800 --> 00:49:26,600
probably one of its most 
valuable functions in medieval 

1002
00:49:26,600 --> 00:49:30,200
Society, it provides a shared 
experience that transcends 

1003
00:49:30,200 --> 00:49:33,200
individual concerns and creates 
a sense of common purpose. 

1004
00:49:33,200 --> 00:49:37,500
Everyone is on the same Cosmic 
Journey collectively rowing 

1005
00:49:37,500 --> 00:49:40,100
towards an uncertain yet, 
potentially disastrous 

1006
00:49:40,100 --> 00:49:43,500
destination. 
As the evening deepens and the 

1007
00:49:43,500 --> 00:49:45,900
comet become more visible 
against the darkening Sky. 

1008
00:49:45,900 --> 00:49:48,800
You can't help but appreciate 
the Elegance implicity of 

1009
00:49:48,800 --> 00:49:51,800
medieval cosmology. 
Everything has meaning, 

1010
00:49:51,800 --> 00:49:54,200
everything is connected and 
everything. 

1011
00:49:54,200 --> 00:49:57,400
Ultimately serves a Divine 
Purpose, it's a worldview that 

1012
00:49:57,400 --> 00:50:00,400
leaves no room for chance or 
meaningless coincidence, which 

1013
00:50:00,400 --> 00:50:03,700
means it all leaves no room for 
the kind of existential anxiety 

1014
00:50:03,700 --> 00:50:06,400
that comes from living in an 
apparently, purposeless 

1015
00:50:06,400 --> 00:50:08,900
Universe. 
Within three days of the comic 

1016
00:50:08,900 --> 00:50:11,900
crisis, your village has 
established an advanced system 

1017
00:50:11,900 --> 00:50:16,600
of apocalyptic management. 
Impressive really how quickly a 

1018
00:50:16,600 --> 00:50:19,300
community can organize itself 
around the shared belief that 

1019
00:50:19,300 --> 00:50:21,400
the sky is trying to tell them 
something important. 

1020
00:50:21,400 --> 00:50:25,100
And probably unpleasant the 
blacksmith has taken on the role

1021
00:50:25,100 --> 00:50:27,100
of the villages. 
Spiritual audit committee 

1022
00:50:27,100 --> 00:50:29,900
conducting door-to-door 
assessments to identify 

1023
00:50:29,900 --> 00:50:34,100
everyone's recent transgressions
and recommend suitable penances.

1024
00:50:34,900 --> 00:50:37,900
The baker has started giving 
away day old bread to the poor 

1025
00:50:37,900 --> 00:50:40,400
apparently reasoning that 
excessive charity. 

1026
00:50:40,400 --> 00:50:43,000
Might offset whatever. 
Cosmic imbalance has attracted 

1027
00:50:43,000 --> 00:50:46,100
Divine attention. 
Even the Lord Steward has been 

1028
00:50:46,100 --> 00:50:49,500
unusually lenient about tax 
collection, which is either a 

1029
00:50:49,500 --> 00:50:52,400
sign of genuine piety or 
evidence that he's just as 

1030
00:50:52,400 --> 00:50:55,200
worried as everyone else. 
Your beginning to understand 

1031
00:50:55,200 --> 00:50:58,200
that medieval Comet fear isn't 
just about Superstition or 

1032
00:50:58,200 --> 00:50:59,800
ignorance. 
It's actually a pretty 

1033
00:50:59,808 --> 00:51:03,000
sophisticated social technology 
for dealing with uncertainty and

1034
00:51:03,000 --> 00:51:06,600
managing Collective anxiety. 
When faced with something 

1035
00:51:06,600 --> 00:51:09,600
potentially threatening but 
fundamentally incomprehensible, 

1036
00:51:09,600 --> 00:51:13,200
the community is instinctively 
developed a response that serves

1037
00:51:13,200 --> 00:51:16,700
multiple practical functions. 
First, it creates social 

1038
00:51:16,700 --> 00:51:20,300
cohesion, everyone's focused on 
the same problem, which means 

1039
00:51:20,300 --> 00:51:21,900
everyone's pulling in the same 
direction. 

1040
00:51:21,900 --> 00:51:25,200
The usual Village feuds and 
Petty grievances have been 

1041
00:51:25,208 --> 00:51:27,800
temporarily set aside in favor 
of more pressing, Cosmic 

1042
00:51:27,800 --> 00:51:30,200
concerns. 
When you're all potentially 

1043
00:51:30,200 --> 00:51:33,200
facing Divine judgment together,
it's easier to forgive your 

1044
00:51:33,200 --> 00:51:35,500
neighbor for letting his pigs 
route through your garden. 

1045
00:51:35,500 --> 00:51:39,200
Second it encourages moral 
reflection and behavioral 

1046
00:51:39,200 --> 00:51:41,600
Improvement. 
The prospect of celestial 

1047
00:51:41,600 --> 00:51:43,600
retribution. 
Effectively prompts individuals 

1048
00:51:43,600 --> 00:51:45,800
to reconsider their recent 
ethical decisions. 

1049
00:51:46,600 --> 00:51:50,400
The Villages become noticeably 
more civil, more generous more 

1050
00:51:50,400 --> 00:51:54,000
Cooperative, since the Comet 
appeared, If Divine threats can 

1051
00:51:54,000 --> 00:51:56,100
achieve, what sermons and social
pressure. 

1052
00:51:56,100 --> 00:52:00,100
Couldn't the little Cosmic, 
anxiety, holds Merit third. 

1053
00:52:00,100 --> 00:52:02,400
It provides a framework for 
Collective action. 

1054
00:52:02,400 --> 00:52:05,000
Instead of everyone panicking 
individually. 

1055
00:52:05,000 --> 00:52:07,800
The community as organized, its 
worried into productive 

1056
00:52:07,800 --> 00:52:10,100
channels. 
Food stores are being checked 

1057
00:52:10,100 --> 00:52:12,500
and Consolidated, tools are 
being repaired. 

1058
00:52:12,500 --> 00:52:15,700
Debts, are being settled, 
relationships are being mended. 

1059
00:52:15,700 --> 00:52:19,200
If disaster is coming, at least,
everyone will face it together 

1060
00:52:19,200 --> 00:52:22,900
and prepared your pondering. 
These sociological insights 

1061
00:52:22,900 --> 00:52:26,500
while helping Edmond repair his 
roof A task, he's been putting 

1062
00:52:26,500 --> 00:52:29,900
off for months but suddenly 
considers urgent giving the 

1063
00:52:29,900 --> 00:52:33,400
current Celestial circumstances.
It's remarkable how the 

1064
00:52:33,408 --> 00:52:36,100
possibility of divine 
displeasure can motivate Home 

1065
00:52:36,100 --> 00:52:38,600
Maintenance projects. 
You know what? 

1066
00:52:38,600 --> 00:52:41,300
I find interesting. 
Edmond says pausing in his 

1067
00:52:41,300 --> 00:52:44,000
hammer to gesture toward the sky
where the comet will soon become

1068
00:52:44,000 --> 00:52:46,000
visible. 
How come we never get good 

1069
00:52:46,000 --> 00:52:48,900
comets comets that mean 
prosperity and favorable 

1070
00:52:48,900 --> 00:52:51,000
harvests and peaceful relations 
with our neighbors? 

1071
00:52:51,900 --> 00:52:54,200
This query is actually a 
profound question about the 

1072
00:52:54,200 --> 00:52:57,500
nature of divine communication 
through astronomical phenomena. 

1073
00:52:58,600 --> 00:53:01,000
Why are comets always harbingers
of Doom? 

1074
00:53:01,000 --> 00:53:03,700
Why can't they be harbingers of 
exceptional? 

1075
00:53:03,700 --> 00:53:07,000
Wine vintages, or unusually 
Cooperative weather patterns 

1076
00:53:07,000 --> 00:53:09,200
instead? 
You can consider this while 

1077
00:53:09,200 --> 00:53:12,800
handing Edmond another nail. 
Maybe because good things don't 

1078
00:53:12,800 --> 00:53:16,100
need warnings. 
You suggest, God wanted to send 

1079
00:53:16,100 --> 00:53:19,700
us prosperity, he just send it. 
But if trouble's coming, we need

1080
00:53:19,700 --> 00:53:21,800
time to prepare Edmonds. 
Thoughtful. 

1081
00:53:21,800 --> 00:53:26,900
So comments are like Divine 
early Warning Systems exactly. 

1082
00:53:26,900 --> 00:53:30,100
God's way of saying, heads up, 
things are about to get 

1083
00:53:30,100 --> 00:53:32,600
complicated. 
This interpretation has the 

1084
00:53:32,600 --> 00:53:35,300
advantage of making Comet 
Fierce, he not just reasonable, 

1085
00:53:35,300 --> 00:53:39,500
but practically wise of course, 
you should be worried when 

1086
00:53:39,500 --> 00:53:41,200
unusual Celestial phenomena 
appear. 

1087
00:53:41,200 --> 00:53:44,800
They're not just random Cosmic 
events their intelligence 

1088
00:53:44,800 --> 00:53:46,900
briefing from the highest 
possible Authority. 

1089
00:53:46,900 --> 00:53:50,000
Delivered via the most dramatic,
communication, medium of 

1090
00:53:50,008 --> 00:53:52,100
available. 
The more you think about it? 

1091
00:53:52,100 --> 00:53:54,800
The more you appreciate the 
elegant efficiency of the 

1092
00:53:54,800 --> 00:53:58,000
system. 
Complex bureaucracies or 

1093
00:53:58,000 --> 00:54:00,500
elaborate communication networks
are not necessary. 

1094
00:54:01,300 --> 00:54:03,300
Just grab a convenient chunk of 
ice and rock. 

1095
00:54:03,300 --> 00:54:06,500
Set it on a spectacular 
trajectory through the inner 

1096
00:54:06,500 --> 00:54:08,600
solar system and let human 
pattern. 

1097
00:54:08,600 --> 00:54:12,300
Recognition instincts, do the 
rest every culture on Earth will

1098
00:54:12,300 --> 00:54:14,700
see it. 
Everyone will understand that it

1099
00:54:14,700 --> 00:54:17,600
means something significant and 
everyone will start taking 

1100
00:54:17,600 --> 00:54:21,600
appropriate precautions. 
As evening approaches and the 

1101
00:54:21,600 --> 00:54:24,500
comet becomes visible. 
Again, you and Edmund climbed 

1102
00:54:24,500 --> 00:54:26,900
down from the roof to join. 
The usual Community Comet 

1103
00:54:26,900 --> 00:54:29,400
watching session It's become a 
nightly ritual. 

1104
00:54:29,400 --> 00:54:32,700
Now, this Collective observation
and interpretation of your 

1105
00:54:32,700 --> 00:54:36,400
unwelcome Celestial visitor, 
people bring cups of ale or weak

1106
00:54:36,400 --> 00:54:38,300
wine. 
Share theories about what the 

1107
00:54:38,300 --> 00:54:41,400
comet might signify and 
generally turn astronomical 

1108
00:54:41,400 --> 00:54:44,000
anxiety into a social event 
tonight. 

1109
00:54:44,000 --> 00:54:47,200
Father, Benedict has joined the 
group which adds a certain 

1110
00:54:47,208 --> 00:54:49,400
official theological weight to 
the proceedings. 

1111
00:54:49,400 --> 00:54:52,700
He's been Consulting various 
religious texts about comets and

1112
00:54:52,700 --> 00:54:54,800
their meanings. 
And he has some intriguing 

1113
00:54:54,800 --> 00:54:57,500
insights to share about the 
historical relationship between 

1114
00:54:57,500 --> 00:54:59,900
Celestial phenomena and Earthly 
events. 

1115
00:55:00,900 --> 00:55:04,100
The thing about Divine warnings,
he explained settling onto a 

1116
00:55:04,100 --> 00:55:07,300
wooden stall that someone has 
thoughtfully provided is that 

1117
00:55:07,300 --> 00:55:09,300
they're not just about 
predicting the future. 

1118
00:55:09,300 --> 00:55:13,000
There are about giving us the 
opportunity to change it a week 

1119
00:55:13,000 --> 00:55:16,200
has passed since your Celestial 
visitor to first appeared in 

1120
00:55:16,200 --> 00:55:19,100
your beginning to suspect that 
medieval Comet, interpretation 

1121
00:55:19,100 --> 00:55:22,800
might be more art than science. 
The Village has now generated 

1122
00:55:22,800 --> 00:55:25,500
approximately 17. 
Different theories about what 

1123
00:55:25,500 --> 00:55:28,500
the comet means, ranging from 
father, Benedict, scholarly 

1124
00:55:28,500 --> 00:55:31,600
assessment that it represents 
Divine displeasure with moral 

1125
00:55:31,600 --> 00:55:35,100
laxity to Young Williams 
conviction, that it specifically

1126
00:55:35,100 --> 00:55:37,700
about his lustful thoughts 
regarding the Merchant's 

1127
00:55:37,700 --> 00:55:41,500
daughter, The most creative 
interpretation so far has come 

1128
00:55:41,500 --> 00:55:44,600
from old Henrik who believes the
comet is actually a beneficial 

1129
00:55:44,600 --> 00:55:47,900
sign, God's way of burning away,
evil influences. 

1130
00:55:47,900 --> 00:55:51,600
So that righteousness can 
flourish This theory is notably 

1131
00:55:51,600 --> 00:55:54,400
popular with people who consider
themselves generally righteous 

1132
00:55:54,400 --> 00:55:57,500
and would prefer Cosmic events 
to work in their favor for once.

1133
00:55:58,100 --> 00:56:01,300
You're sitting by your half 
mending a torn shirt and 

1134
00:56:01,300 --> 00:56:04,500
contemplating the remarkable 
human capacity to find meaning 

1135
00:56:04,500 --> 00:56:06,700
in random events when there's a 
knock at your door. 

1136
00:56:07,900 --> 00:56:09,300
It's Margaret from the 
Bakehouse. 

1137
00:56:10,200 --> 00:56:13,400
Looking unusually flustered and 
carrying what appears to be an 

1138
00:56:13,400 --> 00:56:17,600
entire loaf of her best bread. 
I need to talk to someone, she 

1139
00:56:17,600 --> 00:56:20,300
says, settling into your spare 
chair without waiting for an 

1140
00:56:20,300 --> 00:56:23,900
invitation about the comet about
what it might really mean. 

1141
00:56:25,000 --> 00:56:27,200
You set aside your mending and 
give her your full attention. 

1142
00:56:28,300 --> 00:56:31,000
Margaret really indulges in 
fanciful or theological 

1143
00:56:31,000 --> 00:56:34,000
speculation, if she's worried 
about Cosmic implications, 

1144
00:56:34,000 --> 00:56:36,100
there's probably a good 
practical reason. 

1145
00:56:37,200 --> 00:56:40,400
I've been thinking about timing.
She continues breaking off a 

1146
00:56:40,400 --> 00:56:41,800
piece of bread and offering it 
to you. 

1147
00:56:42,500 --> 00:56:45,200
When exactly the Comet appeared 
and what was happening right 

1148
00:56:45,200 --> 00:56:47,900
around there and I think I might
have figured something out. 

1149
00:56:48,800 --> 00:56:52,100
This line is intriguing Margaret
has apparently been conducting 

1150
00:56:52,100 --> 00:56:54,500
her own investigation into Comet
related causation. 

1151
00:56:54,500 --> 00:56:57,600
While everyone else has been 
focusing on moral inventory, and

1152
00:56:57,600 --> 00:57:01,700
spiritual preparation. 
Remember, how Lord Jeffrey's son

1153
00:57:01,700 --> 00:57:04,300
came back from his travels. 
Just two days before the comet 

1154
00:57:04,300 --> 00:57:06,200
showed up. 
And how did he bring all those 

1155
00:57:06,200 --> 00:57:08,700
strangers with him? 
The ones who've been staying at 

1156
00:57:08,700 --> 00:57:11,500
the manor house. 
You do remember there. 

1157
00:57:11,500 --> 00:57:13,700
Had been quite a bit of Village 
gossip about the young Lords, 

1158
00:57:13,700 --> 00:57:17,100
companions foreign-looking men 
with expensive clothes and 

1159
00:57:17,100 --> 00:57:20,700
secretive conversations. 
The general consensus was that 

1160
00:57:20,700 --> 00:57:23,900
they were probably merchants of 
some sort though, nobody seemed 

1161
00:57:23,900 --> 00:57:25,100
quite sure what they were 
selling. 

1162
00:57:25,900 --> 00:57:28,900
Well, Margaret continues. 
Lowering her voice. 

1163
00:57:28,900 --> 00:57:32,300
Even though you're alone in your
cottage, Heard from Alice, who 

1164
00:57:32,300 --> 00:57:34,800
heard from the cook at the manor
house, that those aren't 

1165
00:57:34,800 --> 00:57:38,800
Merchants at all their soldiers 
mercenaries and they've been 

1166
00:57:38,808 --> 00:57:41,600
asking many questions about the 
local roads and the best routes 

1167
00:57:41,600 --> 00:57:44,900
to the neighboring Lordships 
suddenly the comet takes on an 

1168
00:57:44,900 --> 00:57:48,600
entirely different significant. 
If Margaret is right, then 

1169
00:57:48,600 --> 00:57:51,200
you'll Celestial visitor isn't 
warning about Divine displeasure

1170
00:57:51,200 --> 00:57:54,400
with moral failing. 
It's a morning about human plans

1171
00:57:54,400 --> 00:57:57,900
for very Earthly conflict The 
cosmic telegram isn't about 

1172
00:57:57,900 --> 00:58:00,700
spiritual concerns, it's about 
political ones. 

1173
00:58:00,700 --> 00:58:03,800
This Revelation is both 
relieving and terrifying. 

1174
00:58:03,800 --> 00:58:07,600
This Revelation is both 
relieving and terrifying as it 

1175
00:58:07,600 --> 00:58:10,300
implies that mere improvements 
in piety and charitable. 

1176
00:58:10,300 --> 00:58:13,200
Giving may not be sufficient to 
address the issues. 

1177
00:58:13,200 --> 00:58:15,800
The comet is announcing 
Terrifying. 

1178
00:58:15,800 --> 00:58:18,400
Because it suggests that your 
village might be about to become

1179
00:58:18,400 --> 00:58:21,800
involved in the kind of armed 
conflict, that tends to leave 

1180
00:58:21,800 --> 00:58:24,500
places looking significantly 
less Village like than they did 

1181
00:58:24,500 --> 00:58:27,200
before. 
So what do we do? 

1182
00:58:27,200 --> 00:58:30,800
You ask Margaret shrugs with the
Practical fatalism of someone 

1183
00:58:30,800 --> 00:58:33,800
who has survived several decades
of medieval uncertainty. 

1184
00:58:34,500 --> 00:58:37,700
Same thing we do if it was about
Divine wrath prepare for 

1185
00:58:37,700 --> 00:58:41,000
potential difficulties. 
Maintain optimism and avoid 

1186
00:58:41,000 --> 00:58:43,000
becoming entangled in the 
impending chaos. 

1187
00:58:43,800 --> 00:58:45,900
You spend the rest of the 
evening, discussing practical 

1188
00:58:45,900 --> 00:58:47,700
preparations for potential 
conflict. 

1189
00:58:47,700 --> 00:58:50,600
And you realize that the 
villages response to the comet 

1190
00:58:50,600 --> 00:58:53,800
has actually been pretty 
sensible regardless of what the 

1191
00:58:53,800 --> 00:58:57,300
comet actually means food 
stores, checked and Consolidated

1192
00:58:57,300 --> 00:59:00,800
tools, repaired and sharp, and 
debt, settled relationships. 

1193
00:59:00,800 --> 00:59:04,400
Mended all of these things are 
just as useful for surviving 

1194
00:59:04,400 --> 00:59:07,800
human, cause disasters, as 
Divine ones, The next morning 

1195
00:59:07,800 --> 00:59:11,300
you share Margaret's Theory with
Edmund who receives it with the 

1196
00:59:11,308 --> 00:59:14,100
thoughtful consideration. 
He's been applying to all Comet 

1197
00:59:14,100 --> 00:59:17,500
related intelligence. 
After some discussion you both 

1198
00:59:17,500 --> 00:59:20,000
agree that it doesn't really 
matter whether the comet is 

1199
00:59:20,008 --> 00:59:22,600
warning about spiritual crisis 
or political conflict. 

1200
00:59:23,300 --> 00:59:25,400
The appropriate response is 
pretty much the same. 

1201
00:59:25,400 --> 00:59:28,700
Get ready for trouble and hope 
you're wrong about how awful 

1202
00:59:28,700 --> 00:59:31,800
it's going to be. 
This insight into the practical 

1203
00:59:31,800 --> 00:59:34,200
wisdom of comet fear is oddly 
comforting. 

1204
00:59:34,200 --> 00:59:37,700
Your medieval ancestors, weren't
just superstitious Primitives 

1205
00:59:37,700 --> 00:59:40,700
jumping at shadows in the sky. 
They were people living in, 

1206
00:59:40,700 --> 00:59:44,200
genuinely dangerous and 
unpredictable circumstances and 

1207
00:59:44,200 --> 00:59:46,900
they developed a system. 
For interpreting unusual events 

1208
00:59:46,900 --> 00:59:49,500
that encouraged useful 
precautionary, Behavior, 

1209
00:59:49,500 --> 00:59:53,200
regardless of the specific 
nature of the threat, Whether 

1210
00:59:53,200 --> 00:59:56,900
the comet means divine wrath 
political upheaval natural 

1211
00:59:56,900 --> 01:00:00,600
disaster or just Cosmic 
coincidence, the responses, the 

1212
01:00:00,600 --> 01:00:04,800
same pay attention, prepare for 
difficulties, work together and 

1213
01:00:04,800 --> 01:00:07,800
try to be the kind of person 
you'd want to be, if you knew 

1214
01:00:07,800 --> 01:00:10,800
the world was watching as 
evening approaches and the comet

1215
01:00:10,800 --> 01:00:13,200
becomes visible. 
Once again, you find yourself 

1216
01:00:13,200 --> 01:00:16,300
looking at it with something 
approaching appreciation, not 

1217
01:00:16,300 --> 01:00:17,500
because you're happy, it's 
there. 

1218
01:00:17,500 --> 01:00:20,100
But because you're beginning to 
understand the elegant 

1219
01:00:20,100 --> 01:00:23,300
Simplicity of a worldview that 
treats every unusual event as 

1220
01:00:23,300 --> 01:00:26,700
potentially meaningful and every
bit of meaning, as a call to 

1221
01:00:26,708 --> 01:00:30,000
appropriate action, two weeks 
after your Cosmic visitor first 

1222
01:00:30,000 --> 01:00:33,000
appeared, Lord Jeffries son, 
make his announcement. 

1223
01:00:33,000 --> 01:00:36,000
There will indeed be a military 
campaign, though. 

1224
01:00:36,000 --> 01:00:38,600
He has the Diplomatic courtesy 
to call it a defensive 

1225
01:00:38,600 --> 01:00:40,900
expedition to secure Regional 
stability. 

1226
01:00:41,900 --> 01:00:45,000
The Mercenaries Margaret spotted
were Advanced Scouts and the 

1227
01:00:45,000 --> 01:00:47,600
young Lord has been planning, 
what amounts, to a small scale 

1228
01:00:47,600 --> 01:00:50,600
invasion of his neighbor's 
territory, over a disputed claim

1229
01:00:50,600 --> 01:00:52,400
to some particularly fertile 
farmland. 

1230
01:00:53,200 --> 01:00:56,100
The comet it turns out was 
neither a Divine warning, nor a 

1231
01:00:56,100 --> 01:00:59,200
Celestial coincidence. 
It was just excellent timing. 

1232
01:00:59,200 --> 01:01:02,400
A cosmic Spotlight, 
Illuminating, a very Earthly 

1233
01:01:02,400 --> 01:01:05,700
drama that was about to unfold 
whether the heavens cooperated 

1234
01:01:05,700 --> 01:01:08,600
or not. 
But here's the thing about Comet

1235
01:01:08,600 --> 01:01:11,400
fear that you're beginning to 
truly appreciate, it doesn't 

1236
01:01:11,400 --> 01:01:14,500
actually matter whether the 
comic calls the crisis or just 

1237
01:01:14,500 --> 01:01:17,600
happened to show up for it. 
What matters is that its 

1238
01:01:17,600 --> 01:01:20,200
appearance motivated your 
community to prepare for 

1239
01:01:20,200 --> 01:01:22,300
trouble? 
And that preparation is about to

1240
01:01:22,300 --> 01:01:25,700
prove extremely valuable The 
village is, in better shape than

1241
01:01:25,700 --> 01:01:29,900
it's been in years food, stores 
are organized and adequate tools

1242
01:01:29,900 --> 01:01:32,500
are prepared and ready. 
People have settled their debts 

1243
01:01:32,500 --> 01:01:35,800
and mended their relationships. 
The community is more cohesive, 

1244
01:01:35,800 --> 01:01:37,900
and Cooperative than anyone can 
remember. 

1245
01:01:38,800 --> 01:01:41,700
When Lord Jeffrey, Stewart comes
around to requisition supply for

1246
01:01:41,700 --> 01:01:43,700
the campaign. 
Your village is able to 

1247
01:01:43,700 --> 01:01:45,100
contribute without facing 
starvation. 

1248
01:01:45,100 --> 01:01:49,100
When he demands men for military
service, the community is 

1249
01:01:49,100 --> 01:01:52,700
Unified enough to negotiate 
reasonable terms instead of just

1250
01:01:52,700 --> 01:01:54,800
accepting whatever conscription 
he imposes. 

1251
01:01:55,600 --> 01:01:58,500
Most importantly, when the 
inevitable Refugee start 

1252
01:01:58,500 --> 01:02:01,400
arriving from the disputed 
territory families, fleeing the 

1253
01:02:01,400 --> 01:02:04,100
advancing soldiers, and the 
chaos that always accompanies 

1254
01:02:04,100 --> 01:02:06,800
armed conflict. 
Your village is prepared to 

1255
01:02:06,800 --> 01:02:09,100
help. 
Not only does your village 

1256
01:02:09,100 --> 01:02:12,400
provide material assistance but 
it also provides social and 

1257
01:02:12,400 --> 01:02:15,800
emotional support. 
Comet has reminded everyone that

1258
01:02:15,800 --> 01:02:18,700
we're all vulnerable to forces 
beyond our control and that 

1259
01:02:18,700 --> 01:02:21,700
Mutual support is the best 
defense against uncertainty, 

1260
01:02:21,700 --> 01:02:24,600
you're helping to distribute 
blankets to the refugee 

1261
01:02:24,600 --> 01:02:26,300
families. 
When old Martha shuttles over, 

1262
01:02:26,300 --> 01:02:29,900
where the satisfied expression 
of someone whose theories have 

1263
01:02:29,900 --> 01:02:33,300
been validated by events, told 
you that Comet meant something, 

1264
01:02:33,300 --> 01:02:36,300
she says, settling beside you on
the bench outside the church. 

1265
01:02:37,200 --> 01:02:39,600
Maybe not exactly what we 
thought but something important 

1266
01:02:39,600 --> 01:02:42,100
or the same. 
So you think the comet actually 

1267
01:02:42,100 --> 01:02:45,100
caused all this? 
You are genuinely curious about 

1268
01:02:45,100 --> 01:02:47,700
her perspective. 
Martha considers this with the 

1269
01:02:47,700 --> 01:02:50,500
careful deliberation of someone 
who has seen enough history to 

1270
01:02:50,500 --> 01:02:54,100
understand its complexity. 
Maybe, yes, maybe. 

1271
01:02:54,100 --> 01:02:57,600
No, but does it matter? 
The comet got us ready for what 

1272
01:02:57,600 --> 01:03:00,800
was coming, whether it knew what
was coming or not, That 

1273
01:03:00,800 --> 01:03:04,400
certainly, hold significance. 
This is the final wisdom of 

1274
01:03:04,400 --> 01:03:07,100
medieval comic fear. 
It's not really about 

1275
01:03:07,100 --> 01:03:10,400
understanding Cosmic causation 
or predicting specific 

1276
01:03:10,400 --> 01:03:13,300
disasters. 
It's about maintaining the kind 

1277
01:03:13,300 --> 01:03:16,900
of adaptive alertness that helps
Community survive in genuinely 

1278
01:03:16,900 --> 01:03:20,500
uncertain circumstances. 
The comet reminds us that the 

1279
01:03:20,500 --> 01:03:23,800
future is uncertain that we 
should prepare and that we're 

1280
01:03:23,800 --> 01:03:27,100
all in this together as you 
settle into bed that night, you 

1281
01:03:27,100 --> 01:03:30,300
step outside one last time to 
look at your Celestial visitor, 

1282
01:03:30,300 --> 01:03:34,300
it's noticeably dimmer now. 
Beginning its long journey back 

1283
01:03:34,300 --> 01:03:37,600
toward the outer Darkness, where
comets spend most of their time,

1284
01:03:38,400 --> 01:03:42,400
In a few more weeks it will fade
from visibility entirely leaving

1285
01:03:42,400 --> 01:03:45,000
your village to deal. 
With the Earthly consequences of

1286
01:03:45,000 --> 01:03:48,800
Lourdes Jeffries, territorial 
ambitions But the comet's real 

1287
01:03:48,800 --> 01:03:50,800
work is already done. 
It. 

1288
01:03:50,800 --> 01:03:53,200
Appeared at exactly the right 
moment to motivating. 

1289
01:03:53,200 --> 01:03:55,000
Exactly the right kind of 
preparation. 

1290
01:03:55,000 --> 01:03:56,800
For exactly, the right kind of 
crisis. 

1291
01:03:57,700 --> 01:04:00,600
Whether this event was Divine 
Providence, Cosmic coincidence, 

1292
01:04:00,600 --> 01:04:03,900
or just the inevitable 
intersection of astronomical 

1293
01:04:03,900 --> 01:04:06,400
mechanics and human foolishness,
doesn't really matter. 

1294
01:04:06,400 --> 01:04:09,300
What matters is that when 
unusual things appear in the 

1295
01:04:09,308 --> 01:04:11,600
sky, it's probably wise to pay 
attention. 

1296
01:04:11,600 --> 01:04:15,200
This is not because the sky is 
attempting to convey a message, 

1297
01:04:15,200 --> 01:04:18,900
but rather because observing 
unusual occurrences often serves

1298
01:04:18,900 --> 01:04:22,300
as an effective survival tactic,
the universe is full of 

1299
01:04:22,308 --> 01:04:26,400
surprises, some of which require
preparation cooperation and the 

1300
01:04:26,408 --> 01:04:29,200
wisdom to distinguish between 
the things you can control and 

1301
01:04:29,200 --> 01:04:32,600
the things you can't Your 
medieval ancestors, understood 

1302
01:04:32,600 --> 01:04:35,600
these facts instinctively, they 
lived in a world where 

1303
01:04:35,600 --> 01:04:39,500
unexpected events could be fatal
and preparation often made the 

1304
01:04:39,500 --> 01:04:41,400
difference between survival and 
disaster. 

1305
01:04:42,100 --> 01:04:44,800
They developed Comet fear, not 
because they were superstitious 

1306
01:04:44,800 --> 01:04:48,000
Primitives, but because they 
were practical people dealing 

1307
01:04:48,000 --> 01:04:50,700
with practical problems using 
the best information available 

1308
01:04:50,700 --> 01:04:53,500
to them. 
As you drift off to sleep in 

1309
01:04:53,500 --> 01:04:56,800
your cottage, listening to The 
Familiar sounds of your village 

1310
01:04:56,800 --> 01:04:59,400
settle into the night. 
You find yourself, oddly 

1311
01:04:59,400 --> 01:05:02,800
grateful, for your Cosmic 
visitor, The Experience taught, 

1312
01:05:02,800 --> 01:05:06,400
you valuable lessons about 
Community preparation, and the 

1313
01:05:06,408 --> 01:05:09,900
importance of taking unusual 
events, seriously, even if you 

1314
01:05:09,900 --> 01:05:13,900
don't fully understand them, The
comet blazes on through the 

1315
01:05:13,900 --> 01:05:17,200
darkness carrying its tail of 
fire toward distant to 

1316
01:05:17,200 --> 01:05:20,800
appointments with other worlds 
and civilizations, who will look

1317
01:05:20,800 --> 01:05:23,800
up at it and wonder what it 
means and what they should do 

1318
01:05:23,800 --> 01:05:26,500
about it. 
Perhaps, if they are wise, they 

1319
01:05:26,500 --> 01:05:28,300
will follow the same path as 
your village. 

1320
01:05:29,000 --> 01:05:33,000
Grace for challenges, hold on to
optimism and keep in mind that 

1321
01:05:33,000 --> 01:05:35,900
we are, all nearly transitory 
occupants of a small planet. 

1322
01:05:35,900 --> 01:05:39,300
Orbiting, a common star in a 
universe, brimming with both 

1323
01:05:39,300 --> 01:05:43,000
wonders and dangers. 
Sometimes, the sky catches fire 

1324
01:05:43,000 --> 01:05:45,700
and sometimes, that's exactly 
what we need to see. 

1325
01:05:51,600 --> 01:05:53,700
Picture. 
This you're sitting in ancient 

1326
01:05:53,700 --> 01:05:57,900
China around 220 BC, probably 
wondering what's for dinner and 

1327
01:05:57,900 --> 01:06:00,700
hoping the weather holds up for 
harvest season you've got your 

1328
01:06:00,700 --> 01:06:04,500
little plot of land, maybe some 
chickens pecking around and life

1329
01:06:04,500 --> 01:06:07,900
is pretty predictable. 
Then Emperor chinche Huang shows

1330
01:06:07,900 --> 01:06:10,600
up with what might be history's.
Most ambitious Home Improvement 

1331
01:06:10,600 --> 01:06:12,900
project. 
We're going to build a wall. 

1332
01:06:12,900 --> 01:06:16,700
He announces not just any wool 
mind you a wall that stretches 

1333
01:06:16,700 --> 01:06:19,700
across mountains deserts and 
valleys for thousands of miles 

1334
01:06:19,700 --> 01:06:23,100
your neighbor's probably thought
he'd been sampling too much rice

1335
01:06:23,100 --> 01:06:25,300
wine, but this Emperor was dead 
serious. 

1336
01:06:25,300 --> 01:06:29,000
He had already conquered six. 
Other kingdoms to unite China. 

1337
01:06:29,000 --> 01:06:32,400
So building an impossibly long 
wall seemed like a simple task. 

1338
01:06:33,800 --> 01:06:37,400
Tuesday, afternoon's project. 
The thing is wolves already 

1339
01:06:37,400 --> 01:06:39,900
existed. 
Various kingdoms had been 

1340
01:06:39,900 --> 01:06:42,900
building defensive barriers for 
centuries, like having a really 

1341
01:06:42,900 --> 01:06:45,200
impressive fence to keep the 
neighbor's goats out of your 

1342
01:06:45,200 --> 01:06:48,200
garden. 
But chinchar, Huang looked at 

1343
01:06:48,200 --> 01:06:50,100
these scattered walls. 
The way you might look at 

1344
01:06:50,100 --> 01:06:53,200
mismatched Furniture in your 
living room functional, but 

1345
01:06:53,200 --> 01:06:56,600
lacking a unified Vision. 
His plan was brilliant in its 

1346
01:06:56,600 --> 01:07:01,100
audacity connect the existing 
walls, extend them and create 

1347
01:07:01,100 --> 01:07:03,600
one continuous barrier along, 
China's northern border. 

1348
01:07:04,400 --> 01:07:07,700
Imagine this as the world's 
first massive renovation project

1349
01:07:07,700 --> 01:07:10,900
where instead of demolishing 
walls they were constructing the

1350
01:07:10,900 --> 01:07:14,800
ultimate wall to end all walls. 
The emperor's motivation wasn't 

1351
01:07:14,800 --> 01:07:17,500
just showing off though. 
That was certainly part of it. 

1352
01:07:18,300 --> 01:07:21,100
The Mongols and other nomadic 
tribes from the north were 

1353
01:07:21,100 --> 01:07:24,600
habituated to dropping by 
Uninvited usually with swords 

1354
01:07:24,600 --> 01:07:27,700
and an attitude problem. 
These weren't friendly social 

1355
01:07:27,700 --> 01:07:29,700
calls. 
They were more like aggressive 

1356
01:07:29,700 --> 01:07:32,900
house parties, where the guests?
Take everything and leave the 

1357
01:07:32,900 --> 01:07:35,600
place in shambles. 
So you can understand the 

1358
01:07:35,600 --> 01:07:38,100
empress thinking build a wall. 
So impressive. 

1359
01:07:38,100 --> 01:07:41,300
So formidable that these 
Northern neighbors would take 

1360
01:07:41,300 --> 01:07:44,900
one look and decide maybe they'd
rather stay home and ten their 

1361
01:07:44,900 --> 01:07:47,600
horses instead. 
It was like in stalling, the 

1362
01:07:47,600 --> 01:07:51,300
world's most elaborate security 
system, except the cameras were 

1363
01:07:51,300 --> 01:07:53,600
guard towers and the alarms of 
very loud horn. 

1364
01:07:54,400 --> 01:07:56,700
But here's where it gets 
intriguing for regular folks. 

1365
01:07:56,700 --> 01:07:59,900
Like you, this project wasn't 
going to be built by magic or 

1366
01:07:59,900 --> 01:08:03,000
imperial decree alone. 
This undertaking was going to 

1367
01:08:03,000 --> 01:08:07,400
require hands, millions of them.
Suddenly your quiet, life of 

1368
01:08:07,400 --> 01:08:09,200
farming. 
And chicken tending was about to

1369
01:08:09,200 --> 01:08:12,500
get a lot more complicated. 
The recruitment process was 

1370
01:08:12,500 --> 01:08:16,100
about a subtle as an earthquake.
Local officials would show up in

1371
01:08:16,100 --> 01:08:18,500
villages with Scrolls and 
serious Expressions. 

1372
01:08:18,500 --> 01:08:21,500
Essentially conducting a very 
involuntary job fair. 

1373
01:08:22,300 --> 01:08:24,899
Congratulations. 
They say, you've been selected 

1374
01:08:24,899 --> 01:08:28,000
for a wonderful opportunity to 
serve your Emperor and build 

1375
01:08:28,000 --> 01:08:32,600
something truly historic. the 
fact that you hadn't applied for

1376
01:08:32,600 --> 01:08:36,399
this opportunity was considered 
irrelevant now before you start 

1377
01:08:36,399 --> 01:08:39,600
feeling too, sorry for yourself 
in this scenario consider the 

1378
01:08:39,600 --> 01:08:43,000
alternative The emperor just 
finished unifying China through 

1379
01:08:43,000 --> 01:08:45,700
a series of wars that made Game 
of Thrones look like a peaceful 

1380
01:08:45,700 --> 01:08:48,100
afternoon tea. 
Building a wall. 

1381
01:08:48,100 --> 01:08:51,500
Even an impossibly long one was 
actually the peaceful option. 

1382
01:08:52,300 --> 01:08:55,100
Still knowing your part of the 
karma solution doesn't make the 

1383
01:08:55,100 --> 01:08:58,000
prospect of hauling Stone cross 
mountains, any more appealing. 

1384
01:08:58,800 --> 01:09:01,500
The scale of this project was 
something no one had ever 

1385
01:09:01,500 --> 01:09:04,500
attempted. 
Imagine trying to coordinate a 

1386
01:09:04,500 --> 01:09:07,200
construction project that spans 
the distance from New York to 

1387
01:09:07,200 --> 01:09:09,399
Denver, except there are no 
trucks. 

1388
01:09:09,399 --> 01:09:11,800
No power tools and no Home 
Depot. 

1389
01:09:12,800 --> 01:09:16,399
Everything had to be done with 
human, muscle animal power, and 

1390
01:09:16,399 --> 01:09:18,200
whatever clever engineering 
Solutions. 

1391
01:09:18,200 --> 01:09:23,300
People could devise with the 
technology of 220 BC, so began 

1392
01:09:23,300 --> 01:09:25,899
one of History's Greatest 
adventures in construction 

1393
01:09:25,899 --> 01:09:30,399
management Community cooperation
and sheer human stubbornness 

1394
01:09:31,399 --> 01:09:33,800
You're about to become part of 
something that would still be 

1395
01:09:33,800 --> 01:09:35,899
visible. 
So here you are standing with 

1396
01:09:35,899 --> 01:09:38,600
your hastily packed belongings 
and wondering how your life took

1397
01:09:38,600 --> 01:09:42,600
such an unexpected turn. 
The recruitment officers assured

1398
01:09:42,600 --> 01:09:45,399
you that the job is a temporary 
assignment, just a few months, 

1399
01:09:45,399 --> 01:09:49,500
maybe a year at most you'll be 
back home before, you know it he

1400
01:09:49,500 --> 01:09:51,500
says with the confidence of 
someone who's never actually 

1401
01:09:51,500 --> 01:09:54,500
built a wall, your first glimpse
of the construction site is, 

1402
01:09:54,500 --> 01:09:57,800
like nothing you've ever seen. 
Imagine an ant hill, the size of

1403
01:09:57,800 --> 01:10:01,200
a city, except the answer people
and they're all carrying rocks, 

1404
01:10:01,200 --> 01:10:04,700
thousands of workers, stretch 
across the landscape, creating a

1405
01:10:04,700 --> 01:10:08,300
human chain that disappears into
the distance, the noises 

1406
01:10:08,300 --> 01:10:13,100
incredible hammering shouting 
the scrap of stone against Stone

1407
01:10:13,100 --> 01:10:15,400
and the occasional creative 
curse words that probably 

1408
01:10:15,400 --> 01:10:17,300
shouldn't be repeated in polite 
company. 

1409
01:10:18,400 --> 01:10:20,800
Your assigned to a work crew. 
That becomes your new family 

1410
01:10:20,800 --> 01:10:24,900
whether you like it or not. 
There's old Chen who claims he 

1411
01:10:24,908 --> 01:10:27,500
helped build the Emperor's 
Palace and has strong opinions 

1412
01:10:27,500 --> 01:10:31,300
about proper Morton mixing Ying 
Liu bounces around with the 

1413
01:10:31,300 --> 01:10:34,200
enthusiasm of someone who thinks
this whole wall business might 

1414
01:10:34,200 --> 01:10:37,800
actually be fun. 
Wang the quiet barely speaks but

1415
01:10:37,800 --> 01:10:41,400
can carry stones that would make
a donkey jealous and there's you

1416
01:10:41,400 --> 01:10:43,300
trying to figure out which end 
of a hammer to hold. 

1417
01:10:44,200 --> 01:10:48,300
The living arrangements are 
shall we say cozy, your new home

1418
01:10:48,300 --> 01:10:51,600
is a tent shared with five other
men, which sounds awful Until 

1419
01:10:51,600 --> 01:10:54,000
you realize some crews are 
sleeping 12 to a shelter. 

1420
01:10:54,900 --> 01:10:58,500
Privacy becomes a fond memory 
like a favorite dish from home 

1421
01:10:58,500 --> 01:11:00,900
that you can almost taste. 
If you concentrate hard enough, 

1422
01:11:01,900 --> 01:11:03,900
Good news is that, everyone 
snores. 

1423
01:11:03,900 --> 01:11:06,500
So at least the noise is evenly 
distributed. 

1424
01:11:06,500 --> 01:11:10,500
Your daily routine starts Before
Dawn, because apparently, 

1425
01:11:10,500 --> 01:11:13,000
whoever designed this schedule, 
believe that sunlight was a 

1426
01:11:13,000 --> 01:11:17,100
luxury, rather than a necessity,
you stumble out of your shared 

1427
01:11:17,100 --> 01:11:19,900
tent, grab some rice and maybe a
pickled vegetable. 

1428
01:11:19,900 --> 01:11:23,500
If you're lucky and report to 
your section chief, this is a 

1429
01:11:23,500 --> 01:11:26,700
man who is elevated shouting 
into an art form and seems to 

1430
01:11:26,700 --> 01:11:29,700
believe that volume is directly 
proportional to work efficiency,

1431
01:11:29,700 --> 01:11:32,400
the work itself is simpler and 
concept. 

1432
01:11:32,400 --> 01:11:35,500
The next execution, your 
building a wall which sounds 

1433
01:11:35,500 --> 01:11:37,800
straightforward Until you 
realize this wall needs to be 

1434
01:11:37,800 --> 01:11:39,500
tall enough to stop mounted 
Warriors. 

1435
01:11:39,500 --> 01:11:42,600
Strong enough to withstand CJ 
engines and long enough to 

1436
01:11:42,600 --> 01:11:45,900
protect an entire Frontier. 
It's like being asked to build a

1437
01:11:45,900 --> 01:11:49,000
fence around your property, 
except your property is the size

1438
01:11:49,000 --> 01:11:51,500
of several States, and the fence
needs to stop an army. 

1439
01:11:52,400 --> 01:11:54,800
The foundation work is 
backbreaking in the most literal

1440
01:11:54,800 --> 01:11:57,300
sense. 
You spend days moving Earth 

1441
01:11:57,300 --> 01:12:00,900
laying stones and creating the 
base that everything else will 

1442
01:12:00,900 --> 01:12:03,500
rest on each Stone needs to be 
placed. 

1443
01:12:03,500 --> 01:12:06,700
Just so because a wobbly 
Foundation today means a 

1444
01:12:06,708 --> 01:12:09,700
collapsed wall to tomorrow and 
nobody wants to explain to the 

1445
01:12:09,700 --> 01:12:11,700
emperor. 
Why his wall is developed a lean

1446
01:12:12,800 --> 01:12:16,000
But here's the thing about 
shared misery, it has a way of 

1447
01:12:16,008 --> 01:12:19,600
bringing people together by the 
end of your first week, you and 

1448
01:12:19,600 --> 01:12:22,000
your tent mates, have developed 
an effortless camera. 

1449
01:12:22,000 --> 01:12:25,600
Readery born of mutual 
exhaustion old Chen, shares 

1450
01:12:25,600 --> 01:12:28,000
techniques, he learned from 
previous construction projects. 

1451
01:12:28,700 --> 01:12:31,600
Ying Liu invents games to make 
the repetitive work more 

1452
01:12:31,600 --> 01:12:34,400
bearable, won the quiet. 
Turns out to be an excellent 

1453
01:12:34,400 --> 01:12:36,100
cook. 
Who can make rice taste almost 

1454
01:12:36,100 --> 01:12:38,500
intriguing? 
The engineers overseeing, the 

1455
01:12:38,500 --> 01:12:41,400
project are a fascinating Bunch,
they've had to solve problems. 

1456
01:12:41,400 --> 01:12:44,500
No one has ever faced before 
like how to build a uniform wall

1457
01:12:44,500 --> 01:12:47,400
across terrain that varies from 
desert sand to Mountain Granite.

1458
01:12:48,000 --> 01:12:50,600
Watching them work is like 
seeing puzzle, Master's tackle, 

1459
01:12:50,600 --> 01:12:53,400
a jigsaw with a million pieces, 
none of which seem to fit 

1460
01:12:53,400 --> 01:12:55,900
together. 
Properly supply lines stretch 

1461
01:12:55,900 --> 01:12:58,500
back towards civilization. 
Like the world's longest grocery

1462
01:12:58,500 --> 01:13:01,600
delivery route. 
Wagons arrived with fresh Stone,

1463
01:13:01,600 --> 01:13:05,400
Timber rice and replacement 
tools, occasionally they bring 

1464
01:13:05,400 --> 01:13:08,100
news from home, which everyone 
gathers around to hear, like 

1465
01:13:08,100 --> 01:13:11,200
it's the evening entertainment. 
Occasionally, they bring new 

1466
01:13:11,200 --> 01:13:14,200
workers to replace those who 
have completed their service or 

1467
01:13:14,200 --> 01:13:16,800
more grimly, those who won't be 
going home at all. 

1468
01:13:18,100 --> 01:13:21,000
Despite the hardships, there's 
something, oddly satisfying 

1469
01:13:21,000 --> 01:13:25,000
about the work, each day you can
see progress, the wall, grows 

1470
01:13:25,000 --> 01:13:26,600
taller stronger and more 
impressive. 

1471
01:13:26,600 --> 01:13:30,600
You begin to take pride in your 
section competing informally 

1472
01:13:30,600 --> 01:13:33,200
with other Crews to see who can 
lay the straightest line or 

1473
01:13:33,200 --> 01:13:36,400
build the most solid foundation.
It's like the world's most 

1474
01:13:36,400 --> 01:13:39,600
exhausting team sport after a 
few weeks on the wall, you've 

1475
01:13:39,600 --> 01:13:42,300
developed what your grandmother 
might charitably call character 

1476
01:13:42,300 --> 01:13:45,200
your hands once soft from farm 
work. 

1477
01:13:45,200 --> 01:13:48,400
Now sport calluses in places. 
You didn't know, could grow 

1478
01:13:48,400 --> 01:13:52,300
calluses your back has adapted 
to a permanent slight hunch from

1479
01:13:52,300 --> 01:13:55,200
lifting stones, and you've 
learned to identify different 

1480
01:13:55,200 --> 01:13:58,600
types of rock by their weight 
and the specific way they make 

1481
01:13:58,600 --> 01:14:02,300
your shoulders ache. 
The workday starts with what the

1482
01:14:02,300 --> 01:14:06,300
section, chief optimistically 
calls morning, coordination for 

1483
01:14:06,300 --> 01:14:09,300
which everyone else recognizes, 
as the daily ritual of figuring 

1484
01:14:09,300 --> 01:14:11,700
out, who's going to do what, and
how badly it might go wrong 

1485
01:14:11,700 --> 01:14:14,700
today. 
Your crew is assigned to mortar 

1486
01:14:14,700 --> 01:14:17,700
mixing, which sounds easy Until 
you realize that getting the 

1487
01:14:17,700 --> 01:14:20,700
consistency is like trying to 
bake bread while blindfolded 

1488
01:14:20,700 --> 01:14:24,600
during an earthquake, Old Chen 
takes this opportunity to share 

1489
01:14:24,600 --> 01:14:27,500
his philosophy on mortar which 
apparently involves the same 

1490
01:14:27,500 --> 01:14:30,100
level of precision that other 
people reserved for poetry. 

1491
01:14:31,100 --> 01:14:34,000
If the mixture is too wet, it 
runs like water from a broken 

1492
01:14:34,000 --> 01:14:36,400
bucket. 
He explains while stirring the 

1493
01:14:36,400 --> 01:14:40,100
mixture with a wooden paddle 
that has seen better days, too 

1494
01:14:40,100 --> 01:14:42,500
dry and it crumbles like a 
promise from a politician. 

1495
01:14:42,500 --> 01:14:45,700
You're beginning to suspect that
old Chen has strong opinions 

1496
01:14:45,700 --> 01:14:48,800
about everything which makes him
either very wise or very 

1497
01:14:48,800 --> 01:14:51,000
annoying depending on how early 
in the morning. 

1498
01:14:51,000 --> 01:14:54,000
It is the stones themselves come
from quarries. 

1499
01:14:54,000 --> 01:14:57,300
That seemed impossibly far away 
yet somehow keep producing an 

1500
01:14:57,300 --> 01:14:59,200
endless supply of building 
material. 

1501
01:15:00,700 --> 01:15:04,600
Watching the stonecutters work 
is mesmerizing, they can look at

1502
01:15:04,600 --> 01:15:08,100
a rough Boulder and somehow see 
the perfectly shaped block 

1503
01:15:08,100 --> 01:15:11,800
hiding inside like sculptors 
working in Reverse their hammers

1504
01:15:11,800 --> 01:15:14,400
ring against chisels with a 
rhythm, that becomes the sound 

1505
01:15:14,400 --> 01:15:17,100
track of construction. 
A percussion section for the 

1506
01:15:17,100 --> 01:15:20,500
Symphony of building. 
Transportation of materials has 

1507
01:15:20,500 --> 01:15:22,500
evolved into a complex dance of 
human. 

1508
01:15:22,500 --> 01:15:24,700
Efficiency teams of workers 
form. 

1509
01:15:24,700 --> 01:15:28,500
Chains from the supply wagons to
the construction site, passing 

1510
01:15:28,500 --> 01:15:32,100
Stones hand to hand in a process
that looks chaotic but actually 

1511
01:15:32,100 --> 01:15:34,500
moves materials faster than you 
think possible. 

1512
01:15:35,300 --> 01:15:37,600
It's like watching a very 
patient version of the world's 

1513
01:15:37,600 --> 01:15:41,000
heaviest relay race Ying. 
Liu has invented a game where 

1514
01:15:41,000 --> 01:15:43,500
you try to predict which Stone 
will be the most awkward to 

1515
01:15:43,500 --> 01:15:47,200
carry based on its shape. 
He surprisingly talented at 

1516
01:15:47,200 --> 01:15:50,400
this, having developed an eye 
for stones that look innocent, 

1517
01:15:50,400 --> 01:15:53,600
but turn out to be engineered by
Nature specifically, to be 

1518
01:15:53,600 --> 01:15:57,300
impossible, to grip properly. 
He's uncanny ability to spot. 

1519
01:15:57,300 --> 01:15:59,200
These troublemakers and save the
crew. 

1520
01:15:59,200 --> 01:16:02,700
Numerous bruised toes and 
creative vocabulary lessons. 

1521
01:16:02,700 --> 01:16:06,200
The wall itself is taking shape 
with surprising speed 

1522
01:16:06,200 --> 01:16:08,800
considering, it's being built 
entirely by hand. 

1523
01:16:08,800 --> 01:16:12,600
Each section has its own 
personality reflecting, the crew

1524
01:16:12,600 --> 01:16:15,300
that built it. 
Some sections are precisely 

1525
01:16:15,300 --> 01:16:18,000
uniform built by teams that 
measure twice and cut. 

1526
01:16:18,000 --> 01:16:22,100
Once others, show more character
with small variations that 

1527
01:16:22,100 --> 01:16:25,200
somehow make them look more 
human, and less like something 

1528
01:16:25,200 --> 01:16:28,700
assembled by very patient 
machines whether at its 

1529
01:16:28,700 --> 01:16:32,600
complications to the work, Rain 
turns the construction site into

1530
01:16:32,600 --> 01:16:36,000
a muddy obstacle course where 
every step requires careful 

1531
01:16:36,000 --> 01:16:37,800
consideration of physics and 
balance. 

1532
01:16:37,800 --> 01:16:41,400
Hot days, make the stones too 
hot to handle comfortably and 

1533
01:16:41,400 --> 01:16:43,600
cold mornings. 
Mean waiting for fingers to thaw

1534
01:16:43,600 --> 01:16:47,100
enough to grip tools properly. 
You begin to develop a farmers 

1535
01:16:47,100 --> 01:16:49,300
intuition for whether reading 
the sky. 

1536
01:16:49,300 --> 01:16:52,400
Like, a daily newspaper that 
specializes in inconvenient 

1537
01:16:52,400 --> 01:16:55,700
surprises. 
The guard towers spaced at 

1538
01:16:55,700 --> 01:16:58,100
regular intervals along the wall
present their engineering 

1539
01:16:58,100 --> 01:17:00,300
challenges. 
These aren't just tall 

1540
01:17:00,300 --> 01:17:03,400
platforms, their sophisticated 
observation and communication 

1541
01:17:03,400 --> 01:17:06,900
posts that need to be sturdy 
enough to withstand attacks or 

1542
01:17:06,900 --> 01:17:09,300
remaining tall enough to provide
commanding views of the 

1543
01:17:09,308 --> 01:17:12,300
surrounding territory. 
Building them requires a 

1544
01:17:12,300 --> 01:17:14,600
combination of masonry 
carpentry. 

1545
01:17:14,600 --> 01:17:17,800
And what might generously be 
called optimistic physics. 

1546
01:17:18,500 --> 01:17:22,300
Food becomes both Fuel and 
entertainment, the camp Cooks of

1547
01:17:22,308 --> 01:17:24,900
mastered, the art of making 
large quantities, of rice, 

1548
01:17:24,900 --> 01:17:28,800
interesting through creative use
of whatever, vegetables, meat or

1549
01:17:28,808 --> 01:17:30,200
seasonings happen to be 
available. 

1550
01:17:31,000 --> 01:17:34,300
Sometimes you have lucky and 
there's pork other times, you 

1551
01:17:34,300 --> 01:17:37,100
learn to appreciate the subtle 
flavors of turnips and hope 

1552
01:17:37,100 --> 01:17:41,300
Cruise gathered during mealtimes
to share stories voice, 

1553
01:17:41,300 --> 01:17:44,200
complaints and occasionally 
speculate about the potential 

1554
01:17:44,200 --> 01:17:47,900
completion date of this project.
Your tent may have developed 

1555
01:17:47,900 --> 01:17:50,400
distinct personalities, that 
make the cramped, living 

1556
01:17:50,400 --> 01:17:53,800
quarters more, bearable, Old 
Chen, tell stories from his 

1557
01:17:53,800 --> 01:17:56,600
construction days that may or 
may not be entirely true, but 

1558
01:17:56,600 --> 01:17:59,600
are always entertaining. 
Ying Liu practices writing 

1559
01:17:59,600 --> 01:18:02,600
characters in the dirt 
determined to return home more 

1560
01:18:02,600 --> 01:18:06,300
educated than when he left. 
One, the quiet has revealed a 

1561
01:18:06,300 --> 01:18:09,700
talent for repairing tools and 
equipment, making him the most 

1562
01:18:09,700 --> 01:18:13,100
popular person in 100 yard 
radius by now you've realized 

1563
01:18:13,100 --> 01:18:14,600
that building. 
The Great Wall isn't just 

1564
01:18:14,600 --> 01:18:18,000
construction, its engineering on
a scale that makes regular 

1565
01:18:18,000 --> 01:18:20,000
building projects look like 
children's blocks. 

1566
01:18:20,800 --> 01:18:23,500
Every Day, brings new problems, 
that require Solutions. 

1567
01:18:23,500 --> 01:18:25,800
No one has ever had to figure 
out before. 

1568
01:18:25,800 --> 01:18:28,600
And you're starting to 
appreciate the complexity of 

1569
01:18:28,600 --> 01:18:30,300
what seemed like a simple 
concept. 

1570
01:18:31,200 --> 01:18:33,600
Take, for instance, the 
challenge of building a wall 

1571
01:18:33,600 --> 01:18:37,000
across a mountain ridge. 
You can't just pile stones in a 

1572
01:18:37,000 --> 01:18:38,000
straight line and hope for the 
best. 

1573
01:18:38,000 --> 01:18:40,900
The wall needs to follow the 
natural Contours of the land 

1574
01:18:40,900 --> 01:18:43,700
while maintaining its defensive 
capabilities, which means 

1575
01:18:43,700 --> 01:18:46,700
constantly adjusting height 
thickness and angle. 

1576
01:18:46,700 --> 01:18:49,000
It's like trying to draw a 
straight line on a crumpled 

1577
01:18:49,000 --> 01:18:50,600
piece of paper while wearing 
mittens. 

1578
01:18:51,900 --> 01:18:54,200
The foundation work varies 
dramatically depending on 

1579
01:18:54,200 --> 01:18:57,600
Terrain in Rocky areas. 
Your essentially building on 

1580
01:18:57,600 --> 01:18:59,600
Nature's concrete, which sounds 
great. 

1581
01:18:59,600 --> 01:19:03,600
Until you realize that Rocky 
often means uneven unpredictable

1582
01:19:03,600 --> 01:19:05,300
and determined to make your life
difficult. 

1583
01:19:06,300 --> 01:19:09,900
In Sandy or soft, soil areas, 
the foundation needs to go much 

1584
01:19:09,900 --> 01:19:12,500
deeper, which means more digging
and more Stone. 

1585
01:19:12,500 --> 01:19:14,300
But at least the digging is 
easier. 

1586
01:19:15,400 --> 01:19:18,400
In Marshy areas. 
Well everyone tries to avoid 

1587
01:19:18,400 --> 01:19:21,700
thinking about marshy areas, 
your crew has been assigned to 

1588
01:19:21,700 --> 01:19:24,700
work on a section that crosses a
particularly steep Hillside 

1589
01:19:24,700 --> 01:19:28,600
which provides spectacular views
and spectacular challenges in 

1590
01:19:28,600 --> 01:19:31,700
equal measure building. 
On a slope means, every stone 

1591
01:19:31,700 --> 01:19:34,300
wants to roll down hill 
apparently, having missed the 

1592
01:19:34,300 --> 01:19:37,600
memo of about staying put This 
has led to the development of 

1593
01:19:37,600 --> 01:19:41,400
increasingly creative techniques
for convincing stones to remain 

1594
01:19:41,400 --> 01:19:44,500
where you place them. 
Old Chen has become something of

1595
01:19:44,500 --> 01:19:46,100
a master at reading Stone 
Behavior. 

1596
01:19:46,100 --> 01:19:48,900
He can look at a rock and 
predict, whether it's going to 

1597
01:19:48,900 --> 01:19:51,800
be cooperative, whether it's 
going to spend the day trying to

1598
01:19:51,800 --> 01:19:55,800
escape down the Mountainside. 
Stones have personalities, he 

1599
01:19:55,800 --> 01:19:58,400
explains while wedging a 
particularly rebellious Boulder 

1600
01:19:58,400 --> 01:20:01,300
into place. 
Some want to work some want to 

1601
01:20:01,300 --> 01:20:03,400
wander and some just want to 
cause trouble. 

1602
01:20:04,200 --> 01:20:06,100
You're starting to suspect, he 
might be right. 

1603
01:20:06,100 --> 01:20:09,000
The mortar mixing has evolved 
into something approaching 

1604
01:20:09,000 --> 01:20:11,100
science. 
Different weather conditions 

1605
01:20:11,100 --> 01:20:14,500
required different consistencies
and the local materials 

1606
01:20:14,500 --> 01:20:17,600
Limestone here. 
Clay there all react differently

1607
01:20:17,600 --> 01:20:21,300
to mixing and setting the Master
Masons have developed an almost 

1608
01:20:21,300 --> 01:20:24,200
mystical ability to produce. 
Exactly the right mixture for 

1609
01:20:24,208 --> 01:20:27,600
current conditions like chefs 
who can cook perfect meals 

1610
01:20:27,600 --> 01:20:30,500
without measuring ingredients. 
Tool maintenance has become a 

1611
01:20:30,500 --> 01:20:34,200
critical skill for survival, 
When your livelihood depends on 

1612
01:20:34,200 --> 01:20:37,700
hammers chisels and carrying 
baskets, keeping them in good 

1613
01:20:37,700 --> 01:20:41,200
repair isn't just Professional 
Pride, it's self-preservation. 

1614
01:20:42,600 --> 01:20:44,400
Wang. 
The quiet has set up an informal

1615
01:20:44,400 --> 01:20:46,800
repair service. 
Trading tool, maintenance for 

1616
01:20:46,800 --> 01:20:49,800
extra rice, or help with heavy 
lifting, his ability to 

1617
01:20:49,800 --> 01:20:52,100
resurrect a broken handle or 
straighten a benches. 

1618
01:20:52,100 --> 01:20:54,100
All has made him. 
The most valued member of 

1619
01:20:54,100 --> 01:20:57,000
several Crews. 
The logistics of the project are

1620
01:20:57,000 --> 01:20:58,800
mind-boggling when you stop 
thinking about them. 

1621
01:20:59,500 --> 01:21:02,400
Someone somewhere is 
coordinating the delivery of 

1622
01:21:02,400 --> 01:21:05,900
materials food and equipment to 
dozens of construction sites, 

1623
01:21:05,900 --> 01:21:10,200
spread across hundreds of miles.
Supply wagons consistently 

1624
01:21:10,200 --> 01:21:12,700
arrive. 
Delivering not only Essentials 

1625
01:21:12,700 --> 01:21:15,800
but also occasional luxury items
such as tea or preserved. 

1626
01:21:15,800 --> 01:21:18,600
Fruit, adding a touch of joy to 
everyone's day. 

1627
01:21:19,600 --> 01:21:22,200
Communication along the wall 
happens through a system of 

1628
01:21:22,200 --> 01:21:24,300
signals. 
That's part practical necessity 

1629
01:21:24,300 --> 01:21:27,900
and part entertainment. 
Horn calls relay messages from 

1630
01:21:27,900 --> 01:21:31,900
section to section, creating a 
chain of communication that can 

1631
01:21:31,900 --> 01:21:33,900
carry news faster than a running
messenger. 

1632
01:21:35,100 --> 01:21:37,600
Or not operators, have developed
a surprisingly sophisticated. 

1633
01:21:37,600 --> 01:21:41,600
Vocabulary of calls, different 
patterns for mealtime shift 

1634
01:21:41,600 --> 01:21:45,300
changes material, deliveries. 
And occasionally warning is 

1635
01:21:45,300 --> 01:21:48,700
about approaching inspectors. 
The inspectors themselves are a 

1636
01:21:48,700 --> 01:21:50,200
source of both anxiety and 
amusement. 

1637
01:21:50,200 --> 01:21:53,900
These are officials who are 
periodically to check progress 

1638
01:21:53,900 --> 01:21:57,500
and quality armed with measuring
devices and serious expression. 

1639
01:21:57,500 --> 01:22:01,300
The examined wall sections with 
the intense of art critics 

1640
01:22:01,300 --> 01:22:03,600
running their hands along Stone 
joints. 

1641
01:22:03,600 --> 01:22:06,800
And muttering about 
specifications, smart Cruise 

1642
01:22:06,800 --> 01:22:09,800
learned to recognize the signs 
of an approaching inspection and

1643
01:22:09,800 --> 01:22:11,900
spend extra time making their 
sections. 

1644
01:22:11,900 --> 01:22:15,400
Look particularly impressive 
quality control has evolved 

1645
01:22:15,400 --> 01:22:16,800
organically among the work 
Crews. 

1646
01:22:16,800 --> 01:22:20,000
Nobody wants to be responsible 
for the section that falls down.

1647
01:22:20,000 --> 01:22:24,200
So there's intense peer pressure
to build well, Teams develop 

1648
01:22:24,200 --> 01:22:27,400
reputations for craftsmanship, 
and being assigned to work with 

1649
01:22:27,400 --> 01:22:29,000
a crew known for solid 
construction. 

1650
01:22:29,000 --> 01:22:32,900
Becomes a point of pride 
Competition between Crews drives

1651
01:22:32,900 --> 01:22:36,200
quality improvements that no 
amount of official supervision 

1652
01:22:36,200 --> 01:22:38,800
could achieve the walls 
defensive features. 

1653
01:22:38,800 --> 01:22:41,800
Require careful attention to 
detail that goes beyond simple 

1654
01:22:41,800 --> 01:22:44,000
Construction. 
Arrow slits. 

1655
01:22:44,000 --> 01:22:47,200
Need to be positioned at exactly
the right height and angle to 

1656
01:22:47,200 --> 01:22:49,700
provide maximum coverage, while 
offering protection to 

1657
01:22:49,700 --> 01:22:52,700
Defenders. 
Walkways must be wide enough for

1658
01:22:52,708 --> 01:22:55,600
guards to patrol but not so wide
that they waste materials or 

1659
01:22:55,600 --> 01:22:58,900
provide too much, Target area 
for attackers winter arrives, 

1660
01:22:58,900 --> 01:23:01,600
like an unwelcome relative who 
shows up without warning and 

1661
01:23:01,600 --> 01:23:05,300
refuses to leave One day, you're
working in comfortable, Autumn 

1662
01:23:05,300 --> 01:23:07,000
weather. 
And the next morning you wake up

1663
01:23:07,008 --> 01:23:10,300
to discover, Frost decorating 
your tent, like Nature's least, 

1664
01:23:10,300 --> 01:23:13,900
practical artwork, The section 
chief announces that work will 

1665
01:23:13,900 --> 01:23:16,800
continue regardless of whether 
because apparently walls don't 

1666
01:23:16,800 --> 01:23:19,300
build themselves and Emperors. 
Don't appreciate seasonal, 

1667
01:23:19,300 --> 01:23:21,500
delays. 
Building in cold weather, 

1668
01:23:21,500 --> 01:23:24,200
presents challenges that the 
project plan has probably didn't

1669
01:23:24,200 --> 01:23:26,500
fully appreciate when they 
schedule this particular 

1670
01:23:26,500 --> 01:23:29,900
construction time line. 
Mortar doesn't set properly when

1671
01:23:29,900 --> 01:23:32,400
it's freezing, which means 
either waiting for warmer 

1672
01:23:32,400 --> 01:23:35,500
temperatures or developing 
Creative Solutions, that involve

1673
01:23:35,500 --> 01:23:37,800
keeping mixed mortar warm until 
it can be applied. 

1674
01:23:39,200 --> 01:23:42,100
This scenario leads to the 
amusing sight of grown men. 

1675
01:23:42,100 --> 01:23:45,300
Huddling around small fires with
buckets of mortar like their 

1676
01:23:45,300 --> 01:23:48,900
warming, their hands, your tent 
becomes both a sanctuary and an 

1677
01:23:48,900 --> 01:23:50,400
endurance test as temperatures 
drop. 

1678
01:23:51,200 --> 01:23:54,600
Five, men sharing a small space 
generates a surprising amount of

1679
01:23:54,600 --> 01:23:57,400
body heat which is beneficial 
for staying warm, but 

1680
01:23:57,400 --> 01:24:00,900
challenging for maintaining any 
sense of personal space or air 

1681
01:24:00,900 --> 01:24:03,700
quality. 
Everyone develops strategies for

1682
01:24:03,700 --> 01:24:06,800
staying comfortable, extra 
layers, creative, use of 

1683
01:24:06,800 --> 01:24:10,000
blankets and the unspoken 
agreement that nobody comments 

1684
01:24:10,000 --> 01:24:13,200
on anyone else is sleeping 
habits or unusual nighttime 

1685
01:24:13,200 --> 01:24:16,600
noises, the supply lines face. 
Their own winter challenges 

1686
01:24:16,600 --> 01:24:19,800
wagons that moved easily over 
dry summer roads. 

1687
01:24:19,800 --> 01:24:24,100
Now, struggle through mud snow 
and ice food, deliveries become 

1688
01:24:24,100 --> 01:24:26,100
less. 
Predictable leading to careful 

1689
01:24:26,100 --> 01:24:28,600
rationing and creative cooking, 
with whatever ingredients are 

1690
01:24:28,600 --> 01:24:31,200
available. 
Rice becomes even more precious 

1691
01:24:31,200 --> 01:24:33,500
and everyone learns to 
appreciate the subtle 

1692
01:24:33,500 --> 01:24:37,100
differences between turnips 
radishes and other vegetables, 

1693
01:24:37,100 --> 01:24:39,900
that all tastes remarkably 
similar on your hungry enough. 

1694
01:24:40,600 --> 01:24:43,400
To bring brings relief and new 
complications in equal measure 

1695
01:24:43,400 --> 01:24:46,900
the ground thoughts making 
easier, but also creating mud 

1696
01:24:46,900 --> 01:24:50,600
seems specifically designed to 
make walking difficult and Tall 

1697
01:24:50,600 --> 01:24:53,300
handling treacherous. 
Fresh supplies arrive, more 

1698
01:24:53,300 --> 01:24:55,600
regularly. 
So do new workers, who need to 

1699
01:24:55,600 --> 01:24:58,200
be trained and integrated into 
existing crews. 

1700
01:24:58,900 --> 01:25:01,400
You find yourself in the odd 
position of being a veteran 

1701
01:25:01,400 --> 01:25:04,900
after, just one winter offering 
advice to newcomers who look as 

1702
01:25:04,900 --> 01:25:08,300
bewildered as you once did the 
seasonal cycle creates a rhythm 

1703
01:25:08,300 --> 01:25:10,100
to the work that becomes oddly 
comforting. 

1704
01:25:10,800 --> 01:25:13,300
Summer brings long days and 
maximum productivity. 

1705
01:25:13,300 --> 01:25:17,300
However, it also brings heat 
that makes handling sun-baked 

1706
01:25:17,300 --> 01:25:19,000
stones and exercise in pain 
tolerance. 

1707
01:25:19,800 --> 01:25:22,800
Autumn brings perfect working 
weather and the Urgent push to 

1708
01:25:22,800 --> 01:25:26,400
complete sections before winter,
returns each season requires 

1709
01:25:26,400 --> 01:25:29,700
different strategies 
preparations and types of 

1710
01:25:29,700 --> 01:25:33,100
stubborn, determination. 
The rainy season deserves 

1711
01:25:33,100 --> 01:25:35,600
special mention. 
As a time, when optimism goes to

1712
01:25:35,600 --> 01:25:38,000
die. 
Working in Rain, means dealing 

1713
01:25:38,000 --> 01:25:40,900
with slippery, Stones mud, that 
clings to everything. 

1714
01:25:40,900 --> 01:25:44,200
And the constant challenge of 
keeping tools dry enough to use,

1715
01:25:44,200 --> 01:25:47,500
effectively the wall itself 
becomes, treacherous to work, on

1716
01:25:47,500 --> 01:25:50,900
requiring extra caution and 
significantly reduced 

1717
01:25:50,900 --> 01:25:53,500
productivity. 
Everyone, develops strong 

1718
01:25:53,500 --> 01:25:57,100
opinions about rain gear and the
inadequacy of most attempts to 

1719
01:25:57,100 --> 01:25:59,200
stay dry while doing heavy 
construction work. 

1720
01:25:59,200 --> 01:26:03,600
The changing seasons, also bring
changes in local Wildlife which 

1721
01:26:03,600 --> 01:26:06,100
adds an element of 
unpredictability to daily work. 

1722
01:26:07,000 --> 01:26:09,700
Spring brings curious dear. 
That seemed fascinated by 

1723
01:26:09,700 --> 01:26:13,300
construction activity. 
Summer attracts various insects 

1724
01:26:13,300 --> 01:26:15,700
that apparently view human 
workers as either entertainment 

1725
01:26:15,700 --> 01:26:19,300
or potential meals. 
Autumn brings migrating birds 

1726
01:26:19,300 --> 01:26:22,400
that sometimes interfere with 
construction work and winter 

1727
01:26:22,400 --> 01:26:24,900
brings various creatures, 
searching for warm places to 

1728
01:26:24,900 --> 01:26:27,900
shelter occasionally choosing 
tool storage areas. 

1729
01:26:28,600 --> 01:26:31,500
Old Chen reveals that he's 
worked, construction jobs in all

1730
01:26:31,500 --> 01:26:34,000
kinds of weather and has 
developed philosophical 

1731
01:26:34,000 --> 01:26:38,100
approaches to each season. 
Summer teaches patience, he 

1732
01:26:38,100 --> 01:26:40,600
explains while taking a break in
whatever shade he can find 

1733
01:26:41,500 --> 01:26:45,600
Winter teaches persistence, 
spring teachers hope and Autumn 

1734
01:26:45,600 --> 01:26:49,300
teaches urgency young, Lucy 
suggests that all seasons, teach

1735
01:26:49,300 --> 01:26:52,100
you to appreciate being indoors 
which seems like the most 

1736
01:26:52,100 --> 01:26:53,900
practical wisdom anyone has 
offered. 

1737
01:26:54,600 --> 01:26:56,500
Food preservation becomes a 
crucial skill. 

1738
01:26:56,500 --> 01:26:59,100
As weather affect both Supply, 
deliveries and storage 

1739
01:26:59,100 --> 01:27:02,100
capabilities, it becomes 
essential to learn which 

1740
01:27:02,100 --> 01:27:05,200
vegetables store well and which 
require immediate consumption 

1741
01:27:05,200 --> 01:27:08,400
based on available ingredients 
and safe storage methods. 

1742
01:27:08,400 --> 01:27:11,300
The camp Cooks creates seasonal 
menus that result in 

1743
01:27:11,300 --> 01:27:14,500
surprisingly diverse, meals 
tool, performance, vary 

1744
01:27:14,500 --> 01:27:17,400
significantly with weather 
conditions, wooden handles 

1745
01:27:17,400 --> 01:27:21,300
shrink and expand metal parts, 
rust or become brittle and 

1746
01:27:21,300 --> 01:27:23,600
carrying baskets, develop holes 
or weak spots. 

1747
01:27:23,600 --> 01:27:27,800
That seem to appear overnight 
Maintenance becomes an ongoing 

1748
01:27:27,800 --> 01:27:31,300
project rather than an 
occasional necessity and 

1749
01:27:31,300 --> 01:27:33,300
everyone. 
Learns basic repair skills, that

1750
01:27:33,300 --> 01:27:35,300
weren't part of the original job
description. 

1751
01:27:36,000 --> 01:27:38,900
Whether prediction becomes a 
valuable skill set that everyone

1752
01:27:38,900 --> 01:27:42,200
develops to some degree. 
Cloud reading when pattern 

1753
01:27:42,200 --> 01:27:45,100
recognition and understanding 
seasonal patterns, all 

1754
01:27:45,100 --> 01:27:47,200
contribute to better planning 
and preparation. 

1755
01:27:47,900 --> 01:27:51,000
The ability to predict whether 
changes helps Cruise plan, work 

1756
01:27:51,000 --> 01:27:54,600
schedules, prepare for Supply 
delays and generally make life 

1757
01:27:54,600 --> 01:27:56,800
more manageable in an 
environment where Comfort is 

1758
01:27:56,800 --> 01:27:59,300
largely dependent on being 
ready, for whatever nature 

1759
01:27:59,300 --> 01:28:02,500
decides to provide living and 
working, Close Quarters with 

1760
01:28:02,500 --> 01:28:04,700
other people. 
Create a unique social 

1761
01:28:04,700 --> 01:28:07,100
environment. 
That's part construction, site 

1762
01:28:07,100 --> 01:28:11,000
part, small town, and part 
extended, family reunion, where 

1763
01:28:11,000 --> 01:28:14,100
nobody can leave early. 
The wall project has brought 

1764
01:28:14,100 --> 01:28:16,900
together people from different 
regions, social classes and 

1765
01:28:16,900 --> 01:28:19,600
backgrounds, creating a 
temporary community, that 

1766
01:28:19,600 --> 01:28:22,600
develops its own Customs, jokes 
and social structure. 

1767
01:28:23,400 --> 01:28:26,000
Your tent has evolved in to 
something resembling a household

1768
01:28:26,000 --> 01:28:28,900
with everyone settling. 
In to informal roles, that make 

1769
01:28:28,900 --> 01:28:32,100
shared living more manageable 
old Chen has become The 

1770
01:28:32,100 --> 01:28:35,100
Unofficial leader settling 
disputes and offering advice 

1771
01:28:35,100 --> 01:28:36,800
based on his extensive 
experience. 

1772
01:28:36,800 --> 01:28:40,100
With group, living situations, 
young lose serves as 

1773
01:28:40,100 --> 01:28:43,100
entertainment coordinator, 
inventing games, and keeping 

1774
01:28:43,100 --> 01:28:44,700
spirits up during difficult 
days. 

1775
01:28:45,700 --> 01:28:48,200
Swung the quiet handles 
practical matters like tool 

1776
01:28:48,200 --> 01:28:51,500
maintenance and small repairs 
that keep daily life functioning

1777
01:28:51,500 --> 01:28:54,200
smoothly. 
The evening routine after work 

1778
01:28:54,200 --> 01:28:58,000
has become a social ritual that 
everyone looks forward to Crews 

1779
01:28:58,000 --> 01:29:00,700
gather around small fires to 
share meals stories and 

1780
01:29:00,700 --> 01:29:04,400
complaints about the day's 
challenges. these conversations 

1781
01:29:04,400 --> 01:29:07,800
range from practical discussions
about construction techniques to

1782
01:29:07,800 --> 01:29:10,700
elaborate storytelling sessions,
where facts and entertainment 

1783
01:29:10,700 --> 01:29:13,400
blend together in ways that 
probably wouldn't pass, strict 

1784
01:29:13,400 --> 01:29:17,700
historical scrutiny, but make 
for engaging listening Regional 

1785
01:29:17,700 --> 01:29:20,700
differences create intriguing, 
cultural exchanges as workers 

1786
01:29:20,700 --> 01:29:23,900
from different areas. 
Share their local Customs foods 

1787
01:29:23,900 --> 01:29:25,800
and approaches to problem 
solving. 

1788
01:29:26,600 --> 01:29:28,700
Someone from the northern 
province is might introduce 

1789
01:29:28,700 --> 01:29:31,400
technique for working in cold 
weather, while workers from 

1790
01:29:31,400 --> 01:29:34,200
Southern regions, contribute 
knowledge about building in wet 

1791
01:29:34,200 --> 01:29:36,800
conditions. 
It's like a practical education 

1792
01:29:36,800 --> 01:29:39,500
program where everyone is both 
teacher and student. 

1793
01:29:40,300 --> 01:29:43,200
Games and entertainment, develop
organically to fill the hours 

1794
01:29:43,200 --> 01:29:46,600
between work and sleep. 
Simple gambling games, using 

1795
01:29:46,600 --> 01:29:49,100
stones or sticks, provide 
excitement, and social 

1796
01:29:49,100 --> 01:29:51,800
interaction. 
Storytelling competitions, 

1797
01:29:51,800 --> 01:29:55,400
emerge with workers sharing 
Tales from home or inventing, 

1798
01:29:55,400 --> 01:29:58,800
elaborate fictional Adventures. 
Physical competitions. 

1799
01:29:58,800 --> 01:30:02,300
You can carry the heavier Stone.
You can work longest without 

1800
01:30:02,300 --> 01:30:05,000
rest, add elements of friendly 
rivalry. 

1801
01:30:05,000 --> 01:30:09,800
That make work, more engaging, 
The development of informal 

1802
01:30:09,800 --> 01:30:12,100
leadership structures within 
work Crews demonstrates. 

1803
01:30:12,100 --> 01:30:14,700
How people naturally organize 
themselves when faced with 

1804
01:30:14,708 --> 01:30:18,600
shared challenges, Some workers 
emerge As Natural organizers. 

1805
01:30:18,600 --> 01:30:22,700
Others as technical experts and 
still others as mediators who 

1806
01:30:22,700 --> 01:30:25,500
helped resolve conflicts before 
they become serious problems. 

1807
01:30:25,500 --> 01:30:28,700
These unofficial roles often 
proved more important than 

1808
01:30:28,700 --> 01:30:31,700
formal hierarchy. 
In determining, how well Crews 

1809
01:30:31,700 --> 01:30:34,900
function trade and barter 
systems developed to supplement 

1810
01:30:34,900 --> 01:30:38,900
official supply distribution. 
Workers with particular skills, 

1811
01:30:38,900 --> 01:30:42,500
cooking tool, repair, 
storytelling letter writing, 

1812
01:30:42,500 --> 01:30:45,900
find themselves, able to trade 
services for extra food. 

1813
01:30:45,900 --> 01:30:49,600
Better, sleeping arrangements or
other small luxuries, that make 

1814
01:30:49,600 --> 01:30:52,300
life more bearable. 
These informal economies create 

1815
01:30:52,300 --> 01:30:55,400
networks of mutual support that 
extend beyond individual work 

1816
01:30:55,400 --> 01:30:58,500
Crews, The challenge of 
maintaining morale during 

1817
01:30:58,500 --> 01:31:01,400
difficult periods, brings out 
Creative Solutions from the 

1818
01:31:01,400 --> 01:31:04,200
worker community. 
During particularly tough 

1819
01:31:04,200 --> 01:31:08,700
stretches bad weather equipment 
shortages, a specialty demanding

1820
01:31:08,700 --> 01:31:11,400
work, assignments Cruise 
developed strategies for 

1821
01:31:11,400 --> 01:31:13,200
supporting each other 
emotionally, as well as 

1822
01:31:13,200 --> 01:31:16,100
practically. 
Shared hardship creates bonds, 

1823
01:31:16,100 --> 01:31:18,400
that probably wouldn't form 
under normal circumstances, 

1824
01:31:18,400 --> 01:31:22,000
communication with families back
home becomes a valued service, 

1825
01:31:22,000 --> 01:31:23,300
that brings the community 
together. 

1826
01:31:24,300 --> 01:31:26,900
Workers who can write often 
compose letters for those who 

1827
01:31:26,900 --> 01:31:30,100
can't creating connections 
between the wall project and the

1828
01:31:30,108 --> 01:31:33,200
outside world, these letters. 
Serve multiple purposes 

1829
01:31:33,200 --> 01:31:36,600
maintaining family 
relationships, sharing news from

1830
01:31:36,600 --> 01:31:39,700
the construction site, and 
providing an emotional outlet 

1831
01:31:39,700 --> 01:31:41,800
for homesickness and anxiety 
about the future. 

1832
01:31:42,600 --> 01:31:45,200
Religious and cultural 
observances continue, despite 

1833
01:31:45,200 --> 01:31:48,300
the challenging work environment
adapted to fit the constraints 

1834
01:31:48,300 --> 01:31:51,700
of construction life. 
Festival celebrations happen on 

1835
01:31:51,708 --> 01:31:55,300
a smaller scale, but with no 
less enthusiasm, creating 

1836
01:31:55,300 --> 01:31:57,900
opportunities for workers to 
maintain connections, to their 

1837
01:31:57,900 --> 01:32:00,000
cultural Traditions. 
While building new shared 

1838
01:32:00,000 --> 01:32:01,600
experience is with their fellow 
workers. 

1839
01:32:02,600 --> 01:32:05,400
The gradual development of 
construction site Traditions 

1840
01:32:05,400 --> 01:32:08,700
creates a sense of continuity 
and belonging that helps workers

1841
01:32:08,700 --> 01:32:11,300
feel part of something larger 
than their individual daily 

1842
01:32:11,300 --> 01:32:13,700
struggles. 
These might include Ceremonies 

1843
01:32:13,700 --> 01:32:16,800
for completing wall sections 
rituals for welcoming new 

1844
01:32:16,800 --> 01:32:19,000
workers or informal 
celebrations. 

1845
01:32:19,000 --> 01:32:21,800
When Supply wagons arrived with 
particularly, welcome to 

1846
01:32:21,800 --> 01:32:25,500
deliveries conflicts, when they 
arise tend to be resolved 

1847
01:32:25,500 --> 01:32:29,400
through Community pressure, 
rather than formal Authority as 

1848
01:32:29,400 --> 01:32:32,600
everyone recognizes that, 
cooperation is essential for 

1849
01:32:32,600 --> 01:32:35,300
both work, efficiency and 
personal survival. 

1850
01:32:36,300 --> 01:32:38,700
The shared experience of 
difficult working conditions, 

1851
01:32:38,700 --> 01:32:41,400
create strong incentives for 
people to work out their 

1852
01:32:41,400 --> 01:32:45,000
differences, rather than let 
dispute escalate into serious 

1853
01:32:45,000 --> 01:32:47,100
problems. 
That could affect entire Crews. 

1854
01:32:48,000 --> 01:32:50,400
The knowledge that this 
assignment is temporary gives 

1855
01:32:50,400 --> 01:32:52,100
the community a unique 
character. 

1856
01:32:52,100 --> 01:32:55,700
Everyone knows they're here for 
a limited time which creates 

1857
01:32:55,700 --> 01:32:59,300
both a sense of urgency about 
forming relationships and a 

1858
01:32:59,300 --> 01:33:01,800
practical focus on making the 
best of the current situation 

1859
01:33:01,800 --> 01:33:05,300
rather than building permanent 
social structures months have 

1860
01:33:05,300 --> 01:33:06,600
passed. 
Since you first arrived at the 

1861
01:33:06,600 --> 01:33:09,900
wall site, and the changes are 
remarkable both in the wall 

1862
01:33:09,900 --> 01:33:13,600
itself and in your self. 
What started, as scattered 

1863
01:33:13,600 --> 01:33:16,300
construction site has grown into
a continuous barrier that 

1864
01:33:16,300 --> 01:33:19,100
stretches beyond what you can 
see from any single vantage 

1865
01:33:19,100 --> 01:33:21,700
point. 
Standing on a completed section 

1866
01:33:21,700 --> 01:33:23,700
and looking along the walls 
path. 

1867
01:33:23,700 --> 01:33:26,900
You can hardly believe that 
human hands and stubborn 

1868
01:33:26,900 --> 01:33:31,700
determination created something.
So massive and permanent The 

1869
01:33:31,700 --> 01:33:34,400
wall sections, your crew as 
build bear, the subtle marks of 

1870
01:33:34,400 --> 01:33:36,500
their creators slightly 
different. 

1871
01:33:36,500 --> 01:33:39,900
Stone patterns variations in 
Mortar joints and the 

1872
01:33:39,900 --> 01:33:42,900
accumulated character that comes
from being constructed by real 

1873
01:33:42,900 --> 01:33:47,000
people rather than perfect 
machines, you can identify your 

1874
01:33:47,000 --> 01:33:49,600
work from a distance, 
recognizing the particular 

1875
01:33:49,600 --> 01:33:52,600
Rhythm and style, your crew 
developed over months of working

1876
01:33:52,600 --> 01:33:54,500
together. 
It's like being able to 

1877
01:33:54,500 --> 01:33:56,900
recognize your own handwriting 
on a massive scale. 

1878
01:33:58,000 --> 01:34:00,900
Completion of individual. 
Sections brings mixed emotions. 

1879
01:34:00,900 --> 01:34:04,000
There's pride in the 
craftsmanship and satisfaction 

1880
01:34:04,000 --> 01:34:06,800
in seeing a job, well done. 
But also awareness that 

1881
01:34:06,800 --> 01:34:09,700
completion means eventual 
departure from this temporary 

1882
01:34:09,700 --> 01:34:11,500
community. 
That has become unexpectedly 

1883
01:34:11,500 --> 01:34:14,500
important. 
The relationships forged through

1884
01:34:14,500 --> 01:34:17,500
shared hardship and common 
purpose, don't necessarily 

1885
01:34:17,500 --> 01:34:21,300
translate easily back to normal 
life, creating a bitter sweet 

1886
01:34:21,300 --> 01:34:25,400
quality to finishing the work. 
Old Chen who has worked on 

1887
01:34:25,400 --> 01:34:28,200
various Imperial projects 
throughout his career offers 

1888
01:34:28,200 --> 01:34:31,100
perspective on the historical 
significance of what you've all 

1889
01:34:31,100 --> 01:34:34,200
accomplished. 
Most things people build get 

1890
01:34:34,200 --> 01:34:37,600
torn down eventually he observes
while surveying a newly 

1891
01:34:37,600 --> 01:34:40,700
completed Tower. 
Walls like this become part of 

1892
01:34:40,708 --> 01:34:43,100
the landscape. 
Your grandchildren's 

1893
01:34:43,100 --> 01:34:44,800
grandchildren will walk along 
sections. 

1894
01:34:44,800 --> 01:34:47,700
You built with your hands It's 
an oddly comforting. 

1895
01:34:47,700 --> 01:34:50,700
Thought that adds meaning to all
those days of caring, stones and

1896
01:34:50,700 --> 01:34:54,100
mixing mortar, The skills you've
developed during wall 

1897
01:34:54,100 --> 01:34:57,000
construction, turn out to be 
transferable to civilian life. 

1898
01:34:57,800 --> 01:35:01,400
Understanding stone and mortar 
reading terrain coordinating 

1899
01:35:01,400 --> 01:35:03,800
group work, and managing 
projects under difficult 

1900
01:35:03,800 --> 01:35:05,700
conditions of valuable 
abilities. 

1901
01:35:05,700 --> 01:35:07,000
That will serve you well back 
home. 

1902
01:35:07,000 --> 01:35:10,800
You've also developed physical 
strength and endurance that make

1903
01:35:10,800 --> 01:35:13,600
farm work seemed almost 
effortless by comparison. 

1904
01:35:14,700 --> 01:35:16,300
Ying. 
Liu has indeed become more 

1905
01:35:16,300 --> 01:35:19,100
literate during his time, on the
wall, practicing writing, 

1906
01:35:19,100 --> 01:35:22,300
characters, and spare moments, 
and learning from other workers 

1907
01:35:22,300 --> 01:35:26,000
who shared their education. 
He plans to use these skills to 

1908
01:35:26,000 --> 01:35:29,000
improve his family's business. 
Dealings demonstrating how the 

1909
01:35:29,000 --> 01:35:31,800
wall project has created 
unexpected opportunities for 

1910
01:35:31,800 --> 01:35:35,400
personal development, alongside 
its primary construction goals. 

1911
01:35:36,400 --> 01:35:39,000
one of the quiet has saved 
enough money from his tool 

1912
01:35:39,000 --> 01:35:41,300
repair business, to make 
significant improvements to his 

1913
01:35:41,300 --> 01:35:44,900
family's farm when he returns 
home His mechanical skills, 

1914
01:35:44,900 --> 01:35:47,700
sharpened by months of keeping 
construction equipment, 

1915
01:35:47,700 --> 01:35:51,200
functioning will make him 
valuable in any rural community,

1916
01:35:51,200 --> 01:35:54,000
where practical problem solving 
abilities are always in demand. 

1917
01:35:54,000 --> 01:35:57,300
A completion ceremony for your 
section, is simpler than you 

1918
01:35:57,300 --> 01:35:59,400
might expect. 
But deeply, meaningful to 

1919
01:35:59,400 --> 01:36:01,400
everyone who participated in the
construction. 

1920
01:36:02,400 --> 01:36:05,200
Local officials make speeches 
about Imperial Glory and 

1921
01:36:05,200 --> 01:36:08,500
defensive necessity. but the 
real significance is in the 

1922
01:36:08,500 --> 01:36:11,400
quiet satisfaction and shared 
among the workers who know 

1923
01:36:11,400 --> 01:36:15,100
exactly how much effort went 
into every stone, every joint 

1924
01:36:15,100 --> 01:36:19,800
and every decision that shape 
the final result News arrives 

1925
01:36:19,800 --> 01:36:21,800
that other sections of the wall 
are nearing completion. 

1926
01:36:21,800 --> 01:36:25,000
Creating a sense of being part 
of a larger coordinated 

1927
01:36:25,000 --> 01:36:28,000
achievement that extends far 
beyond your direct experience. 

1928
01:36:29,000 --> 01:36:31,000
The project that seemed 
impossibly large. 

1929
01:36:31,000 --> 01:36:33,800
When you first arrived has been 
broken down into manageable 

1930
01:36:33,800 --> 01:36:37,200
Pieces by thousands of work 
Crews, like yours demonstrating.

1931
01:36:37,200 --> 01:36:40,000
How even the most ambitious 
goals can be achieved through 

1932
01:36:40,000 --> 01:36:44,300
patient persistent effort. 
Preparations for departure, 

1933
01:36:44,300 --> 01:36:47,900
begin with mixed feelings. 
There's eagerness to return home

1934
01:36:47,900 --> 01:36:51,700
to family familiar surroundings 
and the comfortable routines of 

1935
01:36:51,700 --> 01:36:54,700
normal life. 
But there's also reluctance to 

1936
01:36:54,700 --> 01:36:58,200
leave the friendships and sense 
of shared purpose that made the 

1937
01:36:58,200 --> 01:37:01,300
hardships bearable and gave 
meaning to the difficult work. 

1938
01:37:02,200 --> 01:37:05,200
The journey home provides time 
to reflect on the experience and

1939
01:37:05,200 --> 01:37:06,500
process. 
What you've learned about 

1940
01:37:06,500 --> 01:37:10,400
yourself about cooperation and 
about what people can accomplish

1941
01:37:10,400 --> 01:37:12,400
when they work together toward 
common goals. 

1942
01:37:13,500 --> 01:37:16,100
The wall represents more than 
just a defensive barrier. 

1943
01:37:16,100 --> 01:37:19,600
It's proof that Ordinary People 
can create extraordinary things 

1944
01:37:19,600 --> 01:37:22,300
when they combine their 
individual efforts with shared 

1945
01:37:22,300 --> 01:37:24,300
determination. 
Returning. 

1946
01:37:24,300 --> 01:37:27,200
Home means re-adjusting to 
civilian life after months of 

1947
01:37:27,200 --> 01:37:30,900
structured work routines and 
Community Living, Family and 

1948
01:37:30,900 --> 01:37:34,000
friends are curious about your 
experiences, but it explaining 

1949
01:37:34,000 --> 01:37:35,800
the daily reality of wall 
construction. 

1950
01:37:35,800 --> 01:37:39,200
Proves challenging, how do you 
describe the satisfaction of 

1951
01:37:39,200 --> 01:37:42,600
building something permanent the
camaraderie of shared hardship 

1952
01:37:42,600 --> 01:37:45,600
or the pride in craftsmanship 
that developed over months of 

1953
01:37:45,600 --> 01:37:49,100
patient work. 
The wall continues without you 

1954
01:37:49,100 --> 01:37:51,400
as other Crews. 
Take over maintenance and 

1955
01:37:51,400 --> 01:37:53,900
improvements ensuring that your 
temporary contribution. 

1956
01:37:53,900 --> 01:37:57,200
Becomes part of a permanent 
Legacy knowing that your work 

1957
01:37:57,200 --> 01:38:00,200
will endure lends a sense of 
permanence to what felt like 

1958
01:38:00,208 --> 01:38:03,200
just a temporary assignment. 
Connecting your individual 

1959
01:38:03,200 --> 01:38:04,800
effort to something that will 
Outlast. 

1960
01:38:04,800 --> 01:38:08,700
Your lifetime years later, you 
might travel past sections of 

1961
01:38:08,700 --> 01:38:12,400
the wall and feel a particular 
satisfaction and seeing your 

1962
01:38:12,400 --> 01:38:16,400
work, still standing still 
serving its purpose, still 

1963
01:38:16,400 --> 01:38:17,900
bearing. 
The subtle marks of the 

1964
01:38:17,908 --> 01:38:21,200
craftsmanship, you and your crew
brought to an impossible project

1965
01:38:21,200 --> 01:38:24,400
that somehow got finished. 
Anyway, one Stone's time. 

1966
01:38:30,400 --> 01:38:34,300
Paul Revere's name of X images 
of a midnight ride, urgent calls

1967
01:38:34,300 --> 01:38:37,000
for malicious and the onset of 
the American Revolution. 

1968
01:38:38,100 --> 01:38:41,400
Yet few realized the full scope 
of The Man Behind that iconic 

1969
01:38:41,400 --> 01:38:45,900
alarm, he was a silver myth 
engraver, early industrialists, 

1970
01:38:45,900 --> 01:38:49,100
and a shrewd networker who 
navigated Boston circle of 

1971
01:38:49,100 --> 01:38:52,400
Artisans, merchants, and 
political agitators. 

1972
01:38:53,300 --> 01:38:57,500
Born on January the 1st 1735 old
style to Apollo's. 

1973
01:38:57,500 --> 01:39:01,700
Revoir a French Hugo, immigrant 
and Deborah hitch, born a Boston

1974
01:39:01,700 --> 01:39:04,400
native. 
Revere was destined to bridge 

1975
01:39:04,400 --> 01:39:07,600
cultures and communities at a 
time when colonial society 

1976
01:39:07,600 --> 01:39:11,900
seethed with discontent under 
British rule Apollos revoir, who

1977
01:39:11,900 --> 01:39:15,100
soon anglicized his name to Paul
Revere taught his son, the art 

1978
01:39:15,108 --> 01:39:18,000
of silverwork. 
This trade anchored, the younger

1979
01:39:18,000 --> 01:39:20,600
pulls fortunes. 
He grew up in Boston's North 

1980
01:39:20,600 --> 01:39:23,600
End. 
Surrounded by Wolves taverns and

1981
01:39:23,600 --> 01:39:26,700
religious meeting houses 
absorbing The rhythms of a busy 

1982
01:39:26,700 --> 01:39:29,100
Port City while modern 
retellings. 

1983
01:39:29,100 --> 01:39:31,300
Jumped straight to his 
patriotic, escapades. 

1984
01:39:31,300 --> 01:39:35,800
His formative years shaped his 
Destiny in more subtle Ways by 

1985
01:39:35,800 --> 01:39:39,100
age, 15 the death of his father.
Thrust him into the role of 

1986
01:39:39,100 --> 01:39:42,000
family provider. 
The teenager Apprentice had to 

1987
01:39:42,000 --> 01:39:45,800
complete his training managed, 
the family's Affairs and Forge 

1988
01:39:45,800 --> 01:39:48,400
connections, with established 
silversmiths and Merchants 

1989
01:39:48,400 --> 01:39:52,800
during the 1750s. 
Reverse served briefly in the 

1990
01:39:52,800 --> 01:39:54,800
provincial Army, in the French 
and Indian War. 

1991
01:39:56,100 --> 01:39:58,900
An experience that gave him a 
glimpse of Britain's broader 

1992
01:39:58,900 --> 01:40:01,600
Colonial in Tangled, Upon 
returning to Boston. 

1993
01:40:01,600 --> 01:40:04,400
He embraced the trade of 
silversmithing, wholeheartedly 

1994
01:40:04,400 --> 01:40:07,500
creating not just decorative 
pieces, but also practical 

1995
01:40:07,500 --> 01:40:09,300
items, like buckles and 
utensils. 

1996
01:40:10,100 --> 01:40:13,400
The prided himself on detail 
marketing, his Wares to a 

1997
01:40:13,400 --> 01:40:16,100
clientele that span from Modest 
Craftsman to the colonies, 

1998
01:40:16,100 --> 01:40:20,000
Rising middle class invoices 
preserve from this period reveal

1999
01:40:20,000 --> 01:40:23,900
that reveal offered credit 
Advance, new designs and 

2000
01:40:23,900 --> 01:40:26,800
constantly hustled for 
commission's, that brand of 

2001
01:40:26,800 --> 01:40:28,900
entrepreneurial Spirit would 
later fuel. 

2002
01:40:28,900 --> 01:40:31,300
His ability to mobilize networks
for revolutionary. 

2003
01:40:31,300 --> 01:40:35,800
Purpose is By the early 1760s 
tensions simmered throughout 

2004
01:40:35,800 --> 01:40:39,800
Massachusetts, the Sugar Act, 
the Stamp Act and subsequent 

2005
01:40:39,800 --> 01:40:41,700
taxes. 
Outraged, Merchants, And Trades,

2006
01:40:41,700 --> 01:40:44,600
people alike. 
Revere found himself among a 

2007
01:40:44,600 --> 01:40:47,400
group of Boston Artisans who 
gathered at local taverns to 

2008
01:40:47,400 --> 01:40:50,200
vent frustrations. 
These enclaves brewed the 

2009
01:40:50,200 --> 01:40:51,900
earliest forms of organized 
protests. 

2010
01:40:52,800 --> 01:40:54,900
Revere soon. 
Discovered, he possessed a knack

2011
01:40:54,900 --> 01:40:57,300
for articulating grievances 
through his Engravings. 

2012
01:40:57,300 --> 01:41:00,300
It was not only an art form, but
also a political tool. 

2013
01:41:01,100 --> 01:41:04,100
Effectively circulating ideas 
and stoking public sentiment 

2014
01:41:04,100 --> 01:41:05,800
against perceived British 
overreach. 

2015
01:41:06,500 --> 01:41:09,800
His iconic engraving of the 
Boston Massacre, all be it 

2016
01:41:09,800 --> 01:41:12,300
dramatized helped radicalize 
many colonists. 

2017
01:41:13,100 --> 01:41:16,800
Apart from engraving Revere, 
proved of versatile and forging 

2018
01:41:16,800 --> 01:41:19,100
social bonds. 
He was active in the Masonic 

2019
01:41:19,100 --> 01:41:21,600
Lodge of Saint Andrew, where he 
crossed paths with influential 

2020
01:41:21,600 --> 01:41:25,900
figures, like Joseph Warren. 
He joined local fire clubs and 

2021
01:41:25,900 --> 01:41:27,700
essential Community fixture at a
time. 

2022
01:41:27,700 --> 01:41:30,700
Winning wooden buildings, pose, 
constant, fire hazards, the same

2023
01:41:30,700 --> 01:41:33,100
network that helped, keep Boston
safe from Flames. 

2024
01:41:33,100 --> 01:41:35,500
Also functioned as a 
communication Hub. 

2025
01:41:35,500 --> 01:41:39,200
When secrecy was Paramount 
reverse involvement in such 

2026
01:41:39,200 --> 01:41:42,300
clubs, honed his skills at 
organizing committees and 

2027
01:41:42,300 --> 01:41:45,900
planning contingencies. 
Revere witnessed the growing 

2028
01:41:45,900 --> 01:41:48,100
tension between the British 
authorities and Colonial 

2029
01:41:48,100 --> 01:41:50,000
protesters. 
As the decade progressed. 

2030
01:41:50,000 --> 01:41:53,700
He witnessed the formation of 
the Sons of Liberty, a 

2031
01:41:53,700 --> 01:41:55,900
loosely-knit group bent on 
resisting British policy, 

2032
01:41:55,900 --> 01:41:59,100
through boycotts demonstrations 
and occasionally more aggressive

2033
01:41:59,100 --> 01:42:02,700
tactics, while Samuel Adams and 
John Hancock corner of the 

2034
01:42:02,700 --> 01:42:05,200
spotlight. 
Revere operated just beneath it 

2035
01:42:05,200 --> 01:42:09,700
linking Tradesmen, printers and 
Mariners to the cause and 

2036
01:42:09,700 --> 01:42:12,400
carried messages, across town 
utilized, his Network to 

2037
01:42:12,400 --> 01:42:15,100
fundraise for boycotts and 
orchestrated covid. 

2038
01:42:15,100 --> 01:42:19,200
Gatherings in summary, the man 
played a significant role in the

2039
01:42:19,200 --> 01:42:21,200
turbulent of events that 
preceded the revolution. 

2040
01:42:21,200 --> 01:42:25,600
His silver shot bustled by day 
forging items for well to do 

2041
01:42:25,608 --> 01:42:28,200
Patron's while by night. 
He frequently huddled with 

2042
01:42:28,200 --> 01:42:32,400
Patriots, in backrooms, this 
dual existence, both an honest 

2043
01:42:32,400 --> 01:42:35,500
Craftsman in broad daylight in a
clandestine activists in the 

2044
01:42:35,500 --> 01:42:38,400
Twilight gave. 
Revere an uncommon advantage 

2045
01:42:38,400 --> 01:42:40,900
point. 
He understood the Grievances of 

2046
01:42:40,900 --> 01:42:44,000
merchants taxed by Parliament 
and the resentments of sailors 

2047
01:42:44,000 --> 01:42:47,800
Harris by British Naval patrols.
He also grasped the precarious, 

2048
01:42:47,800 --> 01:42:50,300
existence of apprentices who 
found themselves. 

2049
01:42:50,300 --> 01:42:55,100
Jobless whenever tensions flared
In the early, 17th is Revere 

2050
01:42:55,100 --> 01:42:57,900
faced a crucial decision. 
He could either maintain his 

2051
01:42:57,900 --> 01:43:01,700
status as a respected Craftsman 
and avoid radical elements or he

2052
01:43:01,708 --> 01:43:04,300
could fully dedicate himself to 
the resistance that was forming 

2053
01:43:04,300 --> 01:43:06,900
around him. 
That choice would Define his 

2054
01:43:06,900 --> 01:43:10,100
role in the uncertain months 
ahead, as Britain tightened, its

2055
01:43:10,100 --> 01:43:13,600
grip, and Boston, braced for 
confrontation, his decision to 

2056
01:43:13,600 --> 01:43:15,700
lean into activism. 
Would soon thrust him into 

2057
01:43:15,700 --> 01:43:18,100
history's pages, though. 
He never guessed that. 

2058
01:43:18,100 --> 01:43:21,000
A single midnight ride would 
overshadow Decades of other 

2059
01:43:21,000 --> 01:43:24,100
contributions. 
As Britain stepped up in 

2060
01:43:24,100 --> 01:43:27,100
enforcement of colonial 
policies, Revere and his 

2061
01:43:27,100 --> 01:43:30,400
compatriots adapted. 
No single figure commanded the 

2062
01:43:30,400 --> 01:43:33,900
burgeoning movement instead it 
operated through committees 

2063
01:43:33,900 --> 01:43:37,800
correspondences and Loosely 
Affiliated networks of Tradesmen

2064
01:43:37,800 --> 01:43:40,500
small merchants and outspoken 
Patriots. 

2065
01:43:41,500 --> 01:43:44,200
Revere, proved instrumental, in 
bridging these circles. 

2066
01:43:44,200 --> 01:43:47,700
He was neither the wealthiest 
Merchants, nor the most fiery 

2067
01:43:47,700 --> 01:43:50,800
orator, but his profound 
knowledge of Boston's geography,

2068
01:43:50,800 --> 01:43:53,500
and his wide array of personal 
relationships made him 

2069
01:43:53,500 --> 01:43:56,200
indispensable. 
He played a key role in the 

2070
01:43:56,200 --> 01:43:59,100
intelligence game, that 
developed as tensions, Rose the 

2071
01:43:59,100 --> 01:44:02,800
British, suspecting the colonies
of seditious intent, planted 

2072
01:44:02,800 --> 01:44:06,700
informants and seized letters. 
Meanwhile Patriot leaders, 

2073
01:44:06,700 --> 01:44:09,100
formed Committees of 
Correspondence in every town, 

2074
01:44:09,100 --> 01:44:11,900
forging a parallel Information 
Network that bypassed Royal 

2075
01:44:11,900 --> 01:44:14,600
officials. 
Revere often served as a courier

2076
01:44:14,600 --> 01:44:18,700
riding to distant towns. 
Worcester Salem, even Portsmouth

2077
01:44:18,700 --> 01:44:20,300
to update them on the latest 
developments. 

2078
01:44:20,300 --> 01:44:23,800
These Journeys were not 
glamorous winter, roads, were 

2079
01:44:23,800 --> 01:44:27,400
treacherous lodgings minimal but
reverse Skillet traveling in 

2080
01:44:27,400 --> 01:44:30,800
cognito, changing routes, 
unpredictably and winning. 

2081
01:44:30,800 --> 01:44:33,300
Trust at local, taverns, kept 
the chain of communication 

2082
01:44:33,300 --> 01:44:37,900
robust, Beyond his Courier work,
continued engraving political 

2083
01:44:37,900 --> 01:44:41,600
cartoons, his depiction of the 
Boston Tea Party, for instance, 

2084
01:44:41,600 --> 01:44:46,100
circulated wide Lee, capturing 
the moment when Patriot's dumped

2085
01:44:46,100 --> 01:44:49,700
British tea into the harbor. 
The incident itself was more 

2086
01:44:49,700 --> 01:44:51,700
chaotic than reversing 
suggested. 

2087
01:44:51,700 --> 01:44:57,200
He presented it at home today. 
As a unified discipline act, an 

2088
01:44:57,200 --> 01:44:59,900
image that bolstered the picture
of moral High Ground. 

2089
01:44:59,900 --> 01:45:03,600
He also contributed subtly 
older, prints of the governor or

2090
01:45:03,600 --> 01:45:06,300
British officers turning them 
into caricatures for 

2091
01:45:06,300 --> 01:45:10,600
distribution among sympathizers.
These images in print shops or 

2092
01:45:10,600 --> 01:45:13,900
posted in meeting Halls, served 
a rallying symbols. 

2093
01:45:15,100 --> 01:45:18,000
One lesson owned chapter in 
Revere's life involved. 

2094
01:45:18,000 --> 01:45:23,000
The Suffolk resolves, drafted in
1774 by Boston leaders, these 

2095
01:45:23,000 --> 01:45:25,600
resolutions rejected the 
coercive acts and called for 

2096
01:45:25,600 --> 01:45:28,600
civil disobedience. 
Revere was entrusted with 

2097
01:45:28,600 --> 01:45:30,900
delivering a copy to the First 
Continental Congress. 

2098
01:45:30,900 --> 01:45:33,900
In Philadelphia. 
The journey South exposed him to

2099
01:45:33,900 --> 01:45:36,600
a broader Colonial landscape. 
Forging connections with their 

2100
01:45:36,600 --> 01:45:40,300
early Louis from other colonies.
He returned more convinced than 

2101
01:45:40,300 --> 01:45:42,800
ever that Massachusetts was not 
alone in protesting. 

2102
01:45:42,800 --> 01:45:46,600
Meanwhile his reliability as a 
messenger sword in the eyes of 

2103
01:45:46,608 --> 01:45:49,000
figures. 
Like John Adams, yet Revere was 

2104
01:45:49,008 --> 01:45:50,700
not purely a political 
operative. 

2105
01:45:50,700 --> 01:45:54,900
He had a family. 
His first wife, Sarah and born, 

2106
01:45:54,900 --> 01:45:58,800
him several children before 
passing away in 1773 and he 

2107
01:45:58,808 --> 01:46:01,700
later married, Rachel Walker, 
who all became part of the 

2108
01:46:01,700 --> 01:46:04,600
extended. 
Revere Clan balancing domestic 

2109
01:46:04,600 --> 01:46:07,800
life with clandestine Patriot 
activity, proved stressful. 

2110
01:46:08,700 --> 01:46:11,500
Friends recalled that reverse 
silver shop sometimes functioned

2111
01:46:11,500 --> 01:46:15,400
as an unofficial meeting site. 
Though it remained primarily a 

2112
01:46:15,400 --> 01:46:19,400
commercial Venture, you might 
sit at his workbench forging 

2113
01:46:19,400 --> 01:46:23,800
spools or teapots while Patriots
gathered in a small side room to

2114
01:46:23,800 --> 01:46:25,300
whisper about British troop 
movements. 

2115
01:46:26,300 --> 01:46:30,700
By 1775 British authorities 
began to suspect that Boston's 

2116
01:46:30,700 --> 01:46:33,400
Artisans played a larger role in
the unrest than previously 

2117
01:46:33,400 --> 01:46:36,300
assumed regular army officers 
roamed. 

2118
01:46:36,300 --> 01:46:40,400
The city searching for hidden 
arms, Depots rumors swirled of 

2119
01:46:40,400 --> 01:46:43,500
British plans, to arrest key, 
Rebel leaders, particularly John

2120
01:46:43,500 --> 01:46:46,700
Hancock and Samuel Adams who had
left Boston for the relative 

2121
01:46:46,700 --> 01:46:49,300
safety in Lexington. 
And Concord, meanwhile, 

2122
01:46:49,300 --> 01:46:52,900
Massachusetts Patriots, had 
stored, gunpowder in Concord, a 

2123
01:46:52,900 --> 01:46:56,000
small town, west of Boston. 
Anticipating a confrontation. 

2124
01:46:57,000 --> 01:47:00,300
As both sides prepared for the 
potential next move, tensions 

2125
01:47:00,300 --> 01:47:03,300
escalated. 
During this turbulent period, 

2126
01:47:03,300 --> 01:47:06,900
the Patriot leadership developed
a signal system, should the 

2127
01:47:06,900 --> 01:47:09,700
British launcher, Southern 
strike Watchers at the old. 

2128
01:47:09,700 --> 01:47:12,700
North Church would hang lanterns
to indicate where the troops 

2129
01:47:12,700 --> 01:47:15,100
moved by land or by boat across 
the Charles River. 

2130
01:47:16,000 --> 01:47:18,600
Revere was part of the group 
that set this plan in motion, 

2131
01:47:18,600 --> 01:47:23,500
but to reduce risk, it was a 
friend Robert Newman, who would 

2132
01:47:23,500 --> 01:47:26,400
hang the lanterns. 
Revere himself, would undertake 

2133
01:47:26,400 --> 01:47:29,400
the Hazardous ride to warn 
Hancock and Adams and Rouse the 

2134
01:47:29,400 --> 01:47:33,100
militias along the Route. 
In the days, leading to that 

2135
01:47:33,100 --> 01:47:35,700
famous night, Revere sleep, 
slept. 

2136
01:47:37,300 --> 01:47:39,200
He conferred with Dr. Joseph 
Warren. 

2137
01:47:39,900 --> 01:47:42,300
Who was privy to Fresh 
intelligence, suggesting British

2138
01:47:42,300 --> 01:47:44,800
movements were imminent. 
The plan was bold. 

2139
01:47:44,800 --> 01:47:47,700
The stakes enormous. 
If the British discovered it, 

2140
01:47:47,708 --> 01:47:50,100
Revere faced, imprisonment or 
worse. 

2141
01:47:50,800 --> 01:47:54,000
But he recognized that a swift 
warning might unify thousands of

2142
01:47:54,000 --> 01:47:55,600
militiamen before the Royal 
troops. 

2143
01:47:55,600 --> 01:47:57,400
Could seize arms or arrest 
leaders. 

2144
01:47:57,400 --> 01:48:00,400
No, single Courier. 
Could accomplish the entire job 

2145
01:48:00,400 --> 01:48:02,900
alone. 
Others, like William Dawes 

2146
01:48:02,900 --> 01:48:06,400
shared. 
The load still reverse role 

2147
01:48:06,400 --> 01:48:08,600
would become legendary 
overshadowing. 

2148
01:48:08,600 --> 01:48:12,300
The fact that a network, not one
man, fueled that night's alert. 

2149
01:48:12,300 --> 01:48:17,800
Hence, as April 1775 dawned 
reverse stood on a precipice, 

2150
01:48:17,800 --> 01:48:21,600
all the clandestine work, the 
rides to scattered towns of the 

2151
01:48:21,600 --> 01:48:24,900
coded signals at church. 
Steeples led to this junker. 

2152
01:48:24,900 --> 01:48:29,000
The next house would test his 
resourcefulness bravery and 

2153
01:48:29,000 --> 01:48:32,100
knack for quiet coordination 
traits honed over years. 

2154
01:48:32,100 --> 01:48:35,400
Now, culminating in a midnight 
Dash that would echo through 

2155
01:48:35,400 --> 01:48:41,000
American law on the evening of 
April 18th, 1775 Paul, Revere 

2156
01:48:41,000 --> 01:48:43,800
prepared to leave. 
Boston British officers had 

2157
01:48:43,800 --> 01:48:46,100
become conspicuous near the 
docks though. 

2158
01:48:46,100 --> 01:48:49,800
Many bastions, loyalists 
included, believe the troops 

2159
01:48:49,800 --> 01:48:53,000
would attempt to show. 
Force the next day, Revere. 

2160
01:48:53,000 --> 01:48:57,600
However, suspected otherwise. 
navigated through dark streets 

2161
01:48:57,600 --> 01:49:01,200
to the Charles River's Edge, 
where a small boat awaited two 

2162
01:49:01,200 --> 01:49:03,900
friends, wrote him quietly 
across muffling, all locks with 

2163
01:49:03,900 --> 01:49:06,500
cloth to avoid drawing the 
attention of the British warship

2164
01:49:06,500 --> 01:49:10,700
and to nearby Revere reached the
Charles Town side and found a 

2165
01:49:10,700 --> 01:49:14,400
borrowed horse waiting. 
Simultaneously Robert Newman 

2166
01:49:14,400 --> 01:49:16,900
stood at the old. 
North Church Tower prepared to 

2167
01:49:16,908 --> 01:49:18,600
hoist. 
Two lanterns in the event of 

2168
01:49:18,608 --> 01:49:20,200
British troops, launching from 
the water. 

2169
01:49:21,000 --> 01:49:23,700
Those signals would inform 
watches in Charles Town, who 

2170
01:49:23,700 --> 01:49:25,900
would then spread the Alarm by 
alternative routes. 

2171
01:49:26,600 --> 01:49:29,800
Revere's task was to ride 
directly to Lexington, rousing 

2172
01:49:29,800 --> 01:49:33,400
the countryside as he went 
Another ride, William Dawes 

2173
01:49:33,400 --> 01:49:35,800
would take a separate path in 
Turing. 

2174
01:49:35,800 --> 01:49:38,200
That if one was stopped the 
other might succeed. 

2175
01:49:39,300 --> 01:49:42,300
Mounting his horse. 
Revere began the journey at 

2176
01:49:42,300 --> 01:49:43,900
first, the roads lay eerily 
quiet. 

2177
01:49:43,900 --> 01:49:47,200
It only By Moonlight will the 
occasional Lantern in a window. 

2178
01:49:47,208 --> 01:49:50,500
He knocked on Farmhouse doors, 
calling to sleeping Patriots. 

2179
01:49:50,500 --> 01:49:54,300
The regulars are on the move or 
words to that effect, he never 

2180
01:49:54,300 --> 01:49:56,800
actually shouted. 
The British are coming since 

2181
01:49:56,800 --> 01:50:00,700
many colonists, still considered
themselves British instead, he 

2182
01:50:00,700 --> 01:50:04,300
typically used phrases like the 
regulars are out to alert local,

2183
01:50:04,300 --> 01:50:08,100
militias families, woke groggy 
but recognized Revere by name, 

2184
01:50:08,100 --> 01:50:11,200
or from prior visits, swiftly, 
they dressed collected. 

2185
01:50:11,200 --> 01:50:13,700
Muskets began passing word to 
neighbors. 

2186
01:50:13,700 --> 01:50:17,300
Further, Inland the ride was not
free of peril at one point. 

2187
01:50:17,300 --> 01:50:20,600
Reverse spotted, two British 
offers on Horseback fearing 

2188
01:50:20,600 --> 01:50:24,100
capture, he evaded them by 
dashing off on the side path 

2189
01:50:24,100 --> 01:50:26,100
relying on his memory of the 
terrain. 

2190
01:50:27,000 --> 01:50:30,100
The nearing counter height. 
In his urgency, every minute 

2191
01:50:30,100 --> 01:50:32,200
counted. 
If the British marched swiftly, 

2192
01:50:32,200 --> 01:50:35,500
they could seize the arms and 
conquered or intercept Hancock 

2193
01:50:35,500 --> 01:50:39,800
and Adams before local militias 
mustard, Arriving in Lexington 

2194
01:50:39,800 --> 01:50:44,000
around midnight, Revere found 
Hancock and Adams lodging at the

2195
01:50:44,000 --> 01:50:48,300
home of Reverend Jonas Clark. 
He delivered his News, British 

2196
01:50:48,300 --> 01:50:50,900
forces would soon move to 
confiscate Colonial weapons and 

2197
01:50:50,900 --> 01:50:54,800
possibly arrest Patriot leaders,
the two men hesitated and 

2198
01:50:54,800 --> 01:50:58,300
certain whether the threat was 
immediate, meanwhile locals 

2199
01:50:58,300 --> 01:51:00,400
debated. 
The best course having done his 

2200
01:51:00,400 --> 01:51:03,600
duty of warning them. 
Revere prepared to continue on 

2201
01:51:03,600 --> 01:51:06,500
to Concord to spread the alarm 
further by coincidence. 

2202
01:51:06,500 --> 01:51:10,000
Doors arrived in Lexington. 
Shortly after Revere having 

2203
01:51:10,000 --> 01:51:13,700
navigated a separate route, they
connected with another Rider to 

2204
01:51:13,700 --> 01:51:17,000
Samuel Prescott who agreed to 
guide them to Concord being 

2205
01:51:17,000 --> 01:51:20,000
intimately familiar with the 
area the trio set off, 

2206
01:51:20,000 --> 01:51:23,300
determined to alert. 
The entire region not far along 

2207
01:51:23,300 --> 01:51:26,800
a British Patrol in weight. 
The Red Coats tried to block 

2208
01:51:26,800 --> 01:51:30,200
them on an arrow Road doors. 
Managed to slip away though. 

2209
01:51:30,200 --> 01:51:34,500
He lost his horse soon after 
Prescott and agile, Rider Volta 

2210
01:51:34,500 --> 01:51:37,700
defense, into the woods and 
escaped captivity successfully, 

2211
01:51:37,700 --> 01:51:41,400
reaching Concord. 
Revere however was detained. 

2212
01:51:42,300 --> 01:51:45,100
The officers interrogated, 
Revere suspects and he carried 

2213
01:51:45,100 --> 01:51:47,900
vital intelligence. 
He admitted British troops were 

2214
01:51:47,900 --> 01:51:50,700
heading to Concord but did not 
conceal that the malicious had 

2215
01:51:50,700 --> 01:51:53,400
been forewarned. 
Stunned by his Candor, the 

2216
01:51:53,400 --> 01:51:56,100
officers tried to hustle him 
along to figure out the scope of

2217
01:51:56,100 --> 01:51:58,900
the Patriot plan. 
They soon, heard gunfire in the 

2218
01:51:58,908 --> 01:52:02,900
distant, the sound of militiamen
already, mobilizing alarmed, 

2219
01:52:02,900 --> 01:52:05,100
that their mission was 
compromised the officers. 

2220
01:52:05,100 --> 01:52:07,500
Let Revere go. 
He found his way back to 

2221
01:52:07,500 --> 01:52:10,700
Lexington on foot arriving. 
Just in time to witness the 

2222
01:52:10,700 --> 01:52:14,400
early skirmishes on Lexington, 
Green at dawn, thus, ended 

2223
01:52:14,400 --> 01:52:17,600
Revere's ride and thus began 
open conflict in the war. 

2224
01:52:17,600 --> 01:52:20,700
That would shape a nation. 
The malicious converged as 

2225
01:52:20,700 --> 01:52:24,100
intended though, the British 
pressed onto Concord, then 

2226
01:52:24,100 --> 01:52:25,600
counted. 
A growing throng of armed 

2227
01:52:25,600 --> 01:52:27,900
colonists. 
The day ended in a chaotic 

2228
01:52:27,900 --> 01:52:31,000
Retreat for the Red Coats, an 
event that echoed far beyond 

2229
01:52:31,000 --> 01:52:34,000
Massachusetts news of this 
standoff would spark the 

2230
01:52:34,000 --> 01:52:37,100
colonies transformation from 
scattered protests in to a full 

2231
01:52:37,100 --> 01:52:39,800
blown Revolution. 
Paul Revere's role on that. 

2232
01:52:39,800 --> 01:52:42,500
Pivotal Knight was merely one 
component of a larger chain 

2233
01:52:42,500 --> 01:52:46,600
others doors Prescott local, 
Watchers played equally critical

2234
01:52:46,600 --> 01:52:49,400
roles yet. 
Over time, popular mythology. 

2235
01:52:49,400 --> 01:52:52,700
Spotlighted Revere as the Lone 
Hero Galloping through the 

2236
01:52:52,700 --> 01:52:55,600
countryside decades. 
Later, Henry rewards with 

2237
01:52:55,600 --> 01:52:59,200
Longfellows poem, which condense
the story into a stirring to our

2238
01:52:59,200 --> 01:53:01,800
arms, greatly contributed to 
reverse Fame. 

2239
01:53:02,600 --> 01:53:06,000
In reality Revere's Ride was, 
but one expression of a complex 

2240
01:53:06,000 --> 01:53:09,100
strategy, however, it was 
sufficient to permanently 

2241
01:53:09,100 --> 01:53:11,400
inscribe him in America's 
Collective Consciousness. 

2242
01:53:11,400 --> 01:53:15,100
As the individual who raised the
alarm, thereby altering the 

2243
01:53:15,100 --> 01:53:18,200
course of history. 
Once the battles at Lexington 

2244
01:53:18,200 --> 01:53:22,800
and Concord ignited Warfare. 
Paul Revere's story did not 

2245
01:53:22,800 --> 01:53:25,000
pause. 
He continued serving the 

2246
01:53:25,000 --> 01:53:26,700
Revolutionary cores in Myriad 
ways. 

2247
01:53:26,700 --> 01:53:31,400
Some unsung others overshadowed 
by the flash of his midnight 

2248
01:53:31,400 --> 01:53:35,200
ride in the following months, 
Boston became a hotbed of 

2249
01:53:35,208 --> 01:53:37,500
tension. 
The British held the city while 

2250
01:53:37,500 --> 01:53:40,500
Colonial forces in circled. 
It revealed worked on 

2251
01:53:40,500 --> 01:53:43,900
intelligence and logistical 
tasks using his expertise in 

2252
01:53:43,900 --> 01:53:47,200
messaging and crowd coordination
to keep Patriots, informed. 

2253
01:53:48,500 --> 01:53:51,100
One key projects, saw him 
turning from Silver to metal of 

2254
01:53:51,100 --> 01:53:54,800
another kind. 
Massachusetts needed Canon shot 

2255
01:53:54,800 --> 01:53:58,100
another who other Munitions as a
skilled Artisan. 

2256
01:53:58,100 --> 01:54:02,000
Revere adapted his workshop for 
manufacturing though. 

2257
01:54:02,000 --> 01:54:05,400
Not a large-scale operation. 
His Foundry, contributed metal 

2258
01:54:05,400 --> 01:54:07,000
fittings and Small Arms 
components. 

2259
01:54:07,000 --> 01:54:10,500
He tinkered with the ways to 
produce gunpowder, though that 

2260
01:54:10,500 --> 01:54:12,400
challenge required specialized 
Mills. 

2261
01:54:12,400 --> 01:54:15,900
Meanwhile, Revere participated 
in local committees that govern 

2262
01:54:15,900 --> 01:54:19,400
the region in the absence of 
ritual Authority in daily life. 

2263
01:54:19,400 --> 01:54:25,000
Continued amid chaos amid these 
labors tragedy struck Docs to 

2264
01:54:25,008 --> 01:54:28,800
Joseph, Warren reavers friend 
and fellow Patriot was killed in

2265
01:54:28,800 --> 01:54:31,900
June 1775 at the Battle of 
Bunker Hill. 

2266
01:54:32,700 --> 01:54:36,600
Warren's death, hit Revere hard,
the two had collaborated closely

2267
01:54:36,600 --> 01:54:38,400
in Booking the earliest 
resistance. 

2268
01:54:39,300 --> 01:54:42,300
And Warren's medical skill had 
saved, countless lives in Prior 

2269
01:54:42,300 --> 01:54:45,600
skirmishes, the Heartbreak, 
sharp and Revere's resolved. 

2270
01:54:45,600 --> 01:54:49,300
The cost of Independence was 
high, yet men like Warren 

2271
01:54:49,300 --> 01:54:52,700
believed in it, passionately. 
Revere channeled that sorrow 

2272
01:54:52,700 --> 01:54:55,600
into further commitments, 
traveling frequently between 

2273
01:54:55,600 --> 01:54:58,300
revolutionary committees in 
Cambridge and outlying towns. 

2274
01:54:58,300 --> 01:55:03,900
The British finally evacuated 
Boston in March, 1776, a turning

2275
01:55:03,900 --> 01:55:05,900
point that caused Jubilation 
among the Patriots. 

2276
01:55:05,900 --> 01:55:09,600
Revere moved back into the city 
reclaiming, his silver shop. 

2277
01:55:09,600 --> 01:55:13,200
But founded in disarray, after 
months, of occupation repairs 

2278
01:55:13,200 --> 01:55:15,100
were needed before. 
Normal business could resume, 

2279
01:55:15,100 --> 01:55:18,500
however, normal business had 
become a distant memory by that 

2280
01:55:18,500 --> 01:55:22,000
point, the Warhead shifted to 
other colonies and reverse 

2281
01:55:22,000 --> 01:55:25,200
skill, set remained valuable. 
You volunteered for militia 

2282
01:55:25,200 --> 01:55:27,800
service and was appointed a 
lieutenant colonel of artillery.

2283
01:55:27,800 --> 01:55:30,600
In the Massachusetts militia 
this role combined 

2284
01:55:30,600 --> 01:55:33,400
administrative oversight, and 
sharing troops had supplies and 

2285
01:55:33,400 --> 01:55:36,700
equipment with strategic input 
drawing on his knowledge of 

2286
01:55:36,700 --> 01:55:39,800
local fortifications. 
In 1778. 

2287
01:55:39,800 --> 01:55:43,400
Revere, participated in the 
ill-fated Penobscot Expedition, 

2288
01:55:43,400 --> 01:55:47,500
an attempt by the Massachusetts 
militia to oust British forces 

2289
01:55:47,500 --> 01:55:50,900
in present-day, Maine. 
The Expedition ended in disaster

2290
01:55:50,900 --> 01:55:54,500
with the colonial Fleet scuttled
and troops forced to Retreat 

2291
01:55:54,500 --> 01:55:57,800
through the wilderness. 
Revere faced criticism for his 

2292
01:55:57,808 --> 01:56:00,100
actions. 
There the specially regarding 

2293
01:56:00,100 --> 01:56:04,000
disputes over the chain of 
command, a court, martial ensued

2294
01:56:04,000 --> 01:56:06,800
questioning whether he had 
disobeyed orders or abandoned 

2295
01:56:06,800 --> 01:56:10,900
his post, while eventually 
exonerated the incident left, a 

2296
01:56:10,900 --> 01:56:14,300
sour note in his military 
career, contrasting sharply with

2297
01:56:14,300 --> 01:56:16,100
the heroic Aura of his early 
ride. 

2298
01:56:16,900 --> 01:56:20,200
Undeterred, he continued 
assisting in local defenses, 

2299
01:56:20,200 --> 01:56:24,000
forging, new connections with 
revolutionary leaders in the 

2300
01:56:24,008 --> 01:56:27,300
final years of the war. 
Revere balanced militia duties 

2301
01:56:27,300 --> 01:56:29,700
with attempts to stabilize his 
personal livelihood. 

2302
01:56:30,600 --> 01:56:33,600
The prolonged conflict had 
disrupted, normal Commerce, and 

2303
01:56:33,600 --> 01:56:35,300
Craftsmen across the colonies 
struggled. 

2304
01:56:35,300 --> 01:56:39,900
Reverse adaptability, Sean wants
more introduced new techniques, 

2305
01:56:39,900 --> 01:56:42,000
such as rolling, copper sheets 
for Naval. 

2306
01:56:42,000 --> 01:56:45,200
Use precursor to his later, 
achievements in metalworking. 

2307
01:56:45,200 --> 01:56:48,200
That would flourish post war. 
Throughout these years. 

2308
01:56:48,200 --> 01:56:51,400
Revere also engaged in the 
social fabric of the budding 

2309
01:56:51,400 --> 01:56:54,200
Republic. 
He joins societies discussing 

2310
01:56:54,200 --> 01:56:56,100
ways to structure the new 
nations governance. 

2311
01:56:56,100 --> 01:56:59,300
He was active in the movement 
that eventually produced the 

2312
01:56:59,300 --> 01:57:02,900
Massachusetts Constitution. 
Among his lesson known efforts 

2313
01:57:02,900 --> 01:57:06,200
was involvement with the local 
intelligence apparatus to verify

2314
01:57:06,200 --> 01:57:08,500
rumors of British Espionage or 
infiltration. 

2315
01:57:09,300 --> 01:57:12,500
He was not a central spymaster, 
but he knew the city intimately 

2316
01:57:12,500 --> 01:57:14,300
and could trace suspicious 
activity. 

2317
01:57:15,000 --> 01:57:18,100
The same street smarts that 
fueled his 1775 ride. 

2318
01:57:18,100 --> 01:57:21,500
Aided him once again. 
When the Treaty of Paris finally

2319
01:57:21,500 --> 01:57:26,100
ended the Revolutionary War in, 
1783 Revere was aching 50. 

2320
01:57:26,100 --> 01:57:30,000
He had served as Craftsmen 
Courier militia officer and 

2321
01:57:30,000 --> 01:57:32,700
Community. 
Organizer Rolls overshadowed by 

2322
01:57:32,700 --> 01:57:34,600
that single night Gallop into 
Legend. 

2323
01:57:35,600 --> 01:57:38,500
Yet he emerged from the war with
a moderate standing, his 

2324
01:57:38,500 --> 01:57:40,700
Workshop battered but not 
ruined. 

2325
01:57:41,400 --> 01:57:46,100
Boston's economy was in flux but
reverse or opportunity ahead you

2326
01:57:46,100 --> 01:57:49,300
recognize that the new United 
States short on domestic. 

2327
01:57:49,300 --> 01:57:52,600
Manufacturing would need local 
Industries to replace Imports 

2328
01:57:52,600 --> 01:57:56,300
once applied by Britain. 
Thus as the guns fell silent 

2329
01:57:56,300 --> 01:58:00,800
Revere pivoted from the chaos of
War to the prospect of Peace. 

2330
01:58:00,800 --> 01:58:03,400
He had learned about 
large-scale, metal work from 

2331
01:58:03,400 --> 01:58:06,300
wartime demands. 
Now he sought to Parlay that 

2332
01:58:06,300 --> 01:58:07,900
knowledge into a business 
Advantage. 

2333
01:58:07,900 --> 01:58:11,700
He opened new Ventures, such as 
a hardware store and a Foundry 

2334
01:58:11,700 --> 01:58:13,600
capable of casting bells and 
cannons. 

2335
01:58:13,600 --> 01:58:17,400
This transformation signaled. 
His next chapter, a shift from 

2336
01:58:17,400 --> 01:58:21,100
revolutionary operative to 
pioneering industrialist despite

2337
01:58:21,100 --> 01:58:24,200
everything he held onto the 
memory of Bunker Hill lost 

2338
01:58:24,200 --> 01:58:26,200
friends. 
And that ride on a moonlit 

2339
01:58:26,200 --> 01:58:29,600
night, which shaped him into a 
man determined to help Forge a 

2340
01:58:29,600 --> 01:58:31,700
stable prosperous future for the
Republic. 

2341
01:58:31,700 --> 01:58:34,400
He helped birth. 
In the postwar era. 

2342
01:58:34,400 --> 01:58:35,900
Paul. 
Revere, harnessed his 

2343
01:58:35,900 --> 01:58:38,500
entrepreneurial Spirit to 
elevate Boston's manufacturing 

2344
01:58:38,500 --> 01:58:41,900
capabilities, while many 
Americans clung to small-scale 

2345
01:58:41,900 --> 01:58:45,600
artisanal methods, envisioned 
something grander, an industrial

2346
01:58:45,600 --> 01:58:48,400
growth that could rival, 
Europe's established foundries, 

2347
01:58:49,300 --> 01:58:52,300
His experience is rolling copper
for Naval uses and casting small

2348
01:58:52,300 --> 01:58:56,200
cannons during the war primed 
him for expansion, through 

2349
01:58:56,200 --> 01:58:59,400
determined trial and error. 
Revere, built a thriving copper 

2350
01:58:59,400 --> 01:59:03,400
Works in Enterprise, it began 
with smaller tasks producing 

2351
01:59:03,400 --> 01:59:06,700
copper bolts spikes and fittings
for local shipyards. 

2352
01:59:06,700 --> 01:59:10,400
Boston, a bustling Maritime Hub,
offered a ready Market? 

2353
01:59:11,300 --> 01:59:14,200
Over time Revere realized the 
potential for roofing large 

2354
01:59:14,200 --> 01:59:17,400
buildings with copper sheets. 
A technique popular in European 

2355
01:59:17,400 --> 01:59:19,600
Cathedrals but rare in the young
United States. 

2356
01:59:19,600 --> 01:59:22,600
He also recognized the 
possibility of sheathing. 

2357
01:59:22,600 --> 01:59:25,600
The hulls of Wooden Ships with 
copper to prevent wood-boring. 

2358
01:59:25,600 --> 01:59:29,900
Pests and reduce Marine growth 
If widely adopted, copper 

2359
01:59:29,900 --> 01:59:31,500
sheathing. 
Could dramatically enhance a 

2360
01:59:31,500 --> 01:59:34,700
vessels speed and lifespan. 
Improving profitability for 

2361
01:59:34,700 --> 01:59:39,200
shipping companies yet Capital 
was scarce reverse searched for 

2362
01:59:39,200 --> 01:59:44,000
partners or backers but often 
found skepticism most believed 

2363
01:59:44,000 --> 01:59:45,800
large-scale metal work too 
risky. 

2364
01:59:45,800 --> 01:59:49,500
Unfazed. 
Revere used his personal savings

2365
01:59:49,500 --> 01:59:53,300
accumulated from Decades of 
silver work taking on loans at 

2366
01:59:53,300 --> 01:59:55,900
high interest. 
He arranged shipments of raw 

2367
01:59:55,900 --> 01:59:58,200
Copper from mines and 
Connecticut or further afield. 

2368
01:59:59,100 --> 02:00:02,500
By the late 1780s, the operated 
a modest Rolling Mill though. 

2369
02:00:02,500 --> 02:00:05,100
It struggled to match the 
consistency of British Imports 

2370
02:00:05,100 --> 02:00:09,200
undeterred, he labored to refine
techniques tinkering with 

2371
02:00:09,200 --> 02:00:12,600
furnace temperatures and rolling
Machinery designs alongside 

2372
02:00:12,600 --> 02:00:16,200
forging a copper Empire Revere 
remained active in Civic life. 

2373
02:00:16,200 --> 02:00:19,700
He joined the Massachusetts 
charitable mechanic Association 

2374
02:00:19,700 --> 02:00:23,100
which championed tradesmen's 
rights and Advanced Mechanical 

2375
02:00:23,100 --> 02:00:26,100
Innovations. 
In addition he oversaw Community

2376
02:00:26,100 --> 02:00:29,800
initiatives aimed at improving 
infrastructure, Boston's roads, 

2377
02:00:29,800 --> 02:00:33,400
Bridges and fire services. 
This Synergy of public service 

2378
02:00:33,400 --> 02:00:36,000
and private Enterprise mirrored.
The developing ethos of the new 

2379
02:00:36,000 --> 02:00:39,200
Republic her personal success 
and Collective well-being, 

2380
02:00:39,200 --> 02:00:42,700
intertwined. 
His family also expanded, father

2381
02:00:42,700 --> 02:00:46,600
to a large brood Revere, 
expected his children to learn a

2382
02:00:46,600 --> 02:00:49,800
trade or assist in the family. 
Businesses Sons began, helping 

2383
02:00:49,800 --> 02:00:52,700
in The Foundry, learning 
practical, skills from their 

2384
02:00:52,700 --> 02:00:55,300
father. 
Daughters were often educated 

2385
02:00:55,300 --> 02:00:58,500
enough to maintain household 
finances and even dabbling. 

2386
02:00:58,500 --> 02:01:02,100
Commercial tasks, the Revere 
Clan became a microcosm of the 

2387
02:01:02,100 --> 02:01:03,900
emergent middle class part 
tradition. 

2388
02:01:03,900 --> 02:01:08,100
Bound part 4, looking at times, 
dinner discussions, like the 

2389
02:01:08,100 --> 02:01:10,400
encompassed, everything from 
forging techniques to local 

2390
02:01:10,400 --> 02:01:12,800
politics. 
During this period, the new 

2391
02:01:12,800 --> 02:01:15,200
federal government sought to 
strengthen America's Naval 

2392
02:01:15,200 --> 02:01:19,800
capacity, threats loomed off the
Barbary Coast where Pirates, 

2393
02:01:19,800 --> 02:01:23,600
seized Merchant ships. 
The US Navy needed warships and 

2394
02:01:23,600 --> 02:01:26,800
reverse or his chance, he 
pitched his copper sheathing to 

2395
02:01:26,808 --> 02:01:30,200
the government arguing, that 
adopting homegrown manufacturing

2396
02:01:30,200 --> 02:01:32,300
would reduce dependence on 
foreign supplies. 

2397
02:01:32,300 --> 02:01:35,100
Despite initial. 
Reservations officials 

2398
02:01:35,100 --> 02:01:38,700
recognized the Strategic 
Advantage by the mid-1790s 

2399
02:01:38,700 --> 02:01:41,700
Revere's copper found. 
Its way onto the USS 

2400
02:01:41,700 --> 02:01:44,300
Constitution nicknamed Old 
Ironsides. 

2401
02:01:44,300 --> 02:01:48,700
A famed frigate and Boston. 
This success was huge 

2402
02:01:48,700 --> 02:01:51,900
demonstrated that domestic 
production could match or exceed

2403
02:01:51,900 --> 02:01:54,400
British quality. 
With pride. 

2404
02:01:54,400 --> 02:01:57,900
Revere marched his workers to 
the Charlestown Navy, yard to 

2405
02:01:57,900 --> 02:02:00,400
see the Constitution, outfitted 
the event. 

2406
02:02:00,400 --> 02:02:02,300
Symbolized. 
The Synergy of industrial 

2407
02:02:02,300 --> 02:02:06,100
progress and National Defense. 
In an era when many still saw 

2408
02:02:06,100 --> 02:02:09,400
the us as an agrarian 
Confederation Revere's. 

2409
02:02:09,400 --> 02:02:11,600
Pursuits hinted at a more 
industrial future. 

2410
02:02:11,600 --> 02:02:14,500
He began receiving more orders 
for Bell. 

2411
02:02:14,500 --> 02:02:17,800
Casting too churches. 
Across New England wanted bells 

2412
02:02:17,800 --> 02:02:21,300
that combined pleasing acoustics
with durability, Revere's 

2413
02:02:21,300 --> 02:02:23,800
Foundry, delivered. 
Some of these bells still ring 

2414
02:02:23,800 --> 02:02:26,500
today. 
Even as Revere's renowned grew 

2415
02:02:26,500 --> 02:02:28,700
in manufacturing circles, he 
remained. 

2416
02:02:28,700 --> 02:02:31,300
Surprisingly modest about the 
famous midnight ride. 

2417
02:02:31,300 --> 02:02:35,300
He occasionally recounted it for
new acquaintances especially if 

2418
02:02:35,308 --> 02:02:37,000
they recognized his name from 
rumors. 

2419
02:02:37,700 --> 02:02:40,400
But he never wrote a grand 
Memoir or boasted publicly. 

2420
02:02:40,400 --> 02:02:44,500
He seemed more captivated by 
forging new Wares and proving 

2421
02:02:44,500 --> 02:02:48,000
his foundries output. 
The ride that would define him 

2422
02:02:48,000 --> 02:02:51,400
for posterity was just one 
chapter in his own eyes by the 

2423
02:02:51,408 --> 02:02:54,700
early 1800s. 
Paul Revere was recognized as a 

2424
02:02:54,700 --> 02:02:56,600
leading industrial innovator in 
Massachusetts. 

2425
02:02:56,600 --> 02:03:00,500
The Aging Patriots was no longer
the lean Courier bounding off 

2426
02:03:00,500 --> 02:03:03,300
into the night. 
Instead he was a solid figure 

2427
02:03:03,300 --> 02:03:06,400
with graying hair strolling 
through a noisy Foundry. 

2428
02:03:06,400 --> 02:03:09,800
Checking the quality of molten 
copper and guiding young girl 

2429
02:03:09,800 --> 02:03:12,200
Craftsman. 
The remaining engaged in local 

2430
02:03:12,200 --> 02:03:15,000
politics advocating for a 
balanced approach to Commerce. 

2431
02:03:16,000 --> 02:03:18,800
Occasionally, he accepted 
invitations to speak at 

2432
02:03:18,800 --> 02:03:21,500
associations of mechanics, or 
veterans groups, though. 

2433
02:03:21,500 --> 02:03:24,300
These gatherings rarely match 
the Grandeur of modern rallies. 

2434
02:03:24,900 --> 02:03:27,600
He kept the focus on practical 
improvements and communal 

2435
02:03:27,600 --> 02:03:30,700
responsibilities values. 
Forged in a life that bridged 

2436
02:03:30,700 --> 02:03:33,200
Revolution and the forging of a 
new economic order. 

2437
02:03:33,200 --> 02:03:37,100
Thus, Paul revered Advanced from
revolutionary Messenger to 

2438
02:03:37,108 --> 02:03:40,700
full-fledged industrial Pioneer 
where once he had hammered 

2439
02:03:40,700 --> 02:03:44,000
silver teapots, he now shaped 
the nation's Naval might the 

2440
02:03:44,000 --> 02:03:47,200
drive for Independence, which 
once motivated him to ride 

2441
02:03:47,200 --> 02:03:49,600
overnight. 
Now fueled, an economic vision 

2442
02:03:49,600 --> 02:03:53,700
for a stable, self-reliant to 
America and ambition that amply 

2443
02:03:53,700 --> 02:03:55,900
demonstrated, the Synergy 
between Enterprise and 

2444
02:03:55,900 --> 02:03:58,100
patriotism. 
Paul Revere's. 

2445
02:03:58,100 --> 02:04:01,100
Final decades saw him celebrated
in local circles as an 

2446
02:04:01,100 --> 02:04:04,500
accomplished businessman and 
store at voice in civic affairs.

2447
02:04:05,400 --> 02:04:07,700
Yet. 
Ironically, his renowned as a 

2448
02:04:07,700 --> 02:04:10,400
revolutionary hero was 
comparatively subdued during his

2449
02:04:10,400 --> 02:04:13,100
lifetime. 
Public commemorations of the 

2450
02:04:13,100 --> 02:04:14,800
war. 
Typically highlighted generals 

2451
02:04:14,800 --> 02:04:18,800
like Washington or Statesmen 
like franklyn The intricacies of

2452
02:04:18,800 --> 02:04:21,600
Revere's midnight ride were 
known amongst certain bostonians

2453
02:04:21,600 --> 02:04:24,900
but no single poem or widely 
circulated. 

2454
02:04:24,900 --> 02:04:28,400
Accountant his role As the 19th 
century. 

2455
02:04:28,400 --> 02:04:32,900
Dawned River watched Boston 
transform the City's population,

2456
02:04:32,900 --> 02:04:36,300
swelled new commercial 
opportunities arose, along the 

2457
02:04:36,308 --> 02:04:39,100
waterfront. 
He kept pace with these changes 

2458
02:04:39,100 --> 02:04:41,800
updating his foundries 
techniques and occasionally 

2459
02:04:41,800 --> 02:04:45,000
potent in Innovations. 
He also mentored younger 

2460
02:04:45,000 --> 02:04:48,200
Artisans passing along the same 
ethos of diligence and 

2461
02:04:48,200 --> 02:04:49,800
community-mindedness that guided
him. 

2462
02:04:50,800 --> 02:04:54,100
In Quiet Moments, he reflected 
on Friends lost or scattered by 

2463
02:04:54,108 --> 02:04:58,000
War on how an unassuming 
silversmith like him once walked

2464
02:04:58,000 --> 02:05:01,900
a perilous line between colonial
law and Rebellion, his personal 

2465
02:05:01,900 --> 02:05:05,900
life remained anchored in family
by now, multiple children 

2466
02:05:05,900 --> 02:05:09,500
assisted in The Foundry. 
grandchildren scampered through 

2467
02:05:09,500 --> 02:05:13,600
the workshop yard, occasionally,
mesmerized by glowing furnaces 

2468
02:05:13,600 --> 02:05:17,900
Revere those Stern about safety 
allowed them, glimpses of the 

2469
02:05:17,900 --> 02:05:21,500
molten copper hoping to spark 
curiosity rather than fear 

2470
02:05:22,400 --> 02:05:25,600
Letters from this period reveal 
a man juggling paternal Pride 

2471
02:05:25,600 --> 02:05:30,100
Financial concerns and deep 
gratitude for living to see an 

2472
02:05:30,100 --> 02:05:32,500
independent republic. 
Flourish the occasionally 

2473
02:05:32,500 --> 02:05:34,300
traveled to observe new 
industrial site. 

2474
02:05:35,200 --> 02:05:38,200
One visit to Philadelphia's Iron
Works fascinated him. 

2475
02:05:38,200 --> 02:05:42,500
He swapped notes with other 
entrepreneurs about scale costs 

2476
02:05:42,500 --> 02:05:44,900
and workforce management 
everywhere. 

2477
02:05:44,900 --> 02:05:48,700
He went people recognized him as
the Boston craftsmen who had 

2478
02:05:48,700 --> 02:05:50,800
helped found an American 
manufacturing base. 

2479
02:05:51,500 --> 02:05:54,200
The dinners or Tavern. 
Gatherings he sometimes heard 

2480
02:05:54,200 --> 02:05:56,400
Recollections of the Revolution 
with others. 

2481
02:05:56,400 --> 02:06:00,400
Praising famous generals while 
Revere, politely listened If 

2482
02:06:00,400 --> 02:06:05,600
asked directly about April 18th 
1775, he shared details, but 

2483
02:06:05,600 --> 02:06:09,100
mostly he avoided embellishment.
He never sought to overshadow. 

2484
02:06:09,100 --> 02:06:12,100
The memory of the many patriots 
who fought and fell after that 

2485
02:06:12,100 --> 02:06:15,900
fateful night. 
In 1811, Revere decided to 

2486
02:06:15,908 --> 02:06:19,100
retire officially from daily 
management and in control of The

2487
02:06:19,100 --> 02:06:22,400
Foundry to his sons and other 
trusted Associates by that 

2488
02:06:22,400 --> 02:06:26,100
point, his name carried in 
commercial contracts, the Revere

2489
02:06:26,100 --> 02:06:30,300
brand as it were gave Assurance 
of quality Freed From The Grind 

2490
02:06:30,300 --> 02:06:32,500
of business. 
He spent more time reflecting on

2491
02:06:32,500 --> 02:06:35,800
the young nation's political 
evolution, the War of 1812 

2492
02:06:35,800 --> 02:06:38,900
erupted soon. 
After pitting, the US again 

2493
02:06:38,900 --> 02:06:42,100
against Britain from his Vantage
Revere, found it both 

2494
02:06:42,100 --> 02:06:45,200
disheartening and validating 
disheartening that conflict 

2495
02:06:45,200 --> 02:06:48,200
re-emerged yet validating 
because it underscored the 

2496
02:06:48,208 --> 02:06:50,700
importance of domestic industry 
in times of strife. 

2497
02:06:51,700 --> 02:06:54,500
Despite his Advanced stage 
Revere, occasionally wrote 

2498
02:06:54,500 --> 02:06:57,600
letters of encouragement to 
militia officers, reminding them

2499
02:06:57,600 --> 02:07:00,200
of the vital role. 
Local defense played during the 

2500
02:07:00,200 --> 02:07:03,400
early Revolution. 
He also supported volunteer 

2501
02:07:03,400 --> 02:07:07,000
committees raising funds for 
fortifications, not being active

2502
02:07:07,000 --> 02:07:10,300
on the front lines, he 
remembered the lessons of 1775. 

2503
02:07:10,300 --> 02:07:13,500
Local preparedness could 
significantly influence the 

2504
02:07:13,508 --> 02:07:15,700
outcome. 
Some historians note, that 

2505
02:07:15,700 --> 02:07:18,900
behind the scenes Revere's 
Foundry, contributed Canon 

2506
02:07:18,900 --> 02:07:21,500
parts, for the war effort 
though, on a smaller scale than 

2507
02:07:21,500 --> 02:07:23,500
before. 
Paul Revere died. 

2508
02:07:23,500 --> 02:07:28,900
On May 10th 1818 at the age of 
83 obituaries in Boston 

2509
02:07:28,900 --> 02:07:30,700
newspapers. 
Praised him as a master 

2510
02:07:30,700 --> 02:07:34,400
silversmith, an industrious 
founder and a patriot of the 

2511
02:07:34,400 --> 02:07:36,700
Revolution. 
But they offered only cursory 

2512
02:07:36,700 --> 02:07:39,600
mention of his midnight ride 
instead of mourning. 

2513
02:07:39,600 --> 02:07:42,900
A legendary figure, the city 
mourned a respected, Community 

2514
02:07:42,900 --> 02:07:46,300
pillar indeed. 
Reverse funeral was a modest 

2515
02:07:46,300 --> 02:07:49,800
Affair attended by family 
friends and fellow artists and 

2516
02:07:49,800 --> 02:07:54,300
to them, he was old Mr. Revere 
wise in Council unwavering and 

2517
02:07:54,300 --> 02:07:57,900
principles Over the ensuing 
decades, memories of the 

2518
02:07:57,900 --> 02:08:00,200
Revolution Consolidated into a 
national myth. 

2519
02:08:00,900 --> 02:08:04,200
Monumental events, overshadowed 
the gritty day-to-day 

2520
02:08:04,200 --> 02:08:05,900
contributions of ordinary 
Patriots. 

2521
02:08:05,900 --> 02:08:10,700
Then in 1860 Henry, Wadsworth 
Longfellow published Paul 

2522
02:08:10,700 --> 02:08:14,300
Revere's Ride, immortalizing 
Revere as the Lone Hero, who 

2523
02:08:14,300 --> 02:08:17,200
raised the alarm. 
The poem while stirring took 

2524
02:08:17,200 --> 02:08:20,800
Liberties omitting the network 
of compatriots and crediting 

2525
02:08:20,800 --> 02:08:23,200
Revere with Feats shared among 
multiple Riders. 

2526
02:08:23,200 --> 02:08:27,800
Its dramatic lines though. 
Historically imprecise resonated

2527
02:08:27,800 --> 02:08:31,300
with Americans on the brink of 
Civil War, reminding them of the

2528
02:08:31,300 --> 02:08:36,100
unity once forged in crisis. 
Thus ironically Revere's, 

2529
02:08:36,100 --> 02:08:38,800
posthumous Fame soared to 
Heights, he never experienced 

2530
02:08:38,800 --> 02:08:42,800
while alive statues, Rose 
textbooks proclaimed him. 

2531
02:08:42,800 --> 02:08:46,600
The prime instigator of the 
revolution's opening, Salvo the 

2532
02:08:46,600 --> 02:08:49,800
complexities of his broader 
life, his industrial Ventures. 

2533
02:08:49,800 --> 02:08:53,300
His engraving, his lesson known 
military Fiasco's. 

2534
02:08:53,300 --> 02:08:56,800
Often Faded by the single story 
of a midnight Dash. 

2535
02:08:57,500 --> 02:09:01,200
Yet, reverse life exemplifies, 
more than an iconic ride, it 

2536
02:09:01,200 --> 02:09:05,400
reflects the Synergy of Kraft, 
Commerce activism and civic 

2537
02:09:05,400 --> 02:09:09,000
responsibility, in shaping a 
fledgling Nation. that Synergy 

2538
02:09:09,000 --> 02:09:11,700
perhaps is the greatest 
Testament to the man who ended 

2539
02:09:12,700 --> 02:09:16,500
As an unassuming elderly 
industrialist yet endures and 

2540
02:09:16,500 --> 02:09:18,400
Collective memory are Strider. 
Galloping horse. 

2541
02:09:19,000 --> 02:09:22,500
Long after Paul Revere's, 
passing historians pieced 

2542
02:09:22,500 --> 02:09:23,900
together a fuller portrait of 
his life. 

2543
02:09:23,900 --> 02:09:26,300
Transcending. 
The narrow lens of the famous 

2544
02:09:26,300 --> 02:09:31,400
ride, documents emerged shop, 
Ledges personal letters Court. 

2545
02:09:31,400 --> 02:09:33,300
Martial records from the 
Penobscot Expedition. 

2546
02:09:33,300 --> 02:09:36,700
Showcasing a man constantly 
evolving with the times. 

2547
02:09:37,500 --> 02:09:39,900
Such evidence clarified that 
Revere significance. 

2548
02:09:39,900 --> 02:09:43,600
Lay not in one heroic Knight but
in a sustained commitment to 

2549
02:09:43,600 --> 02:09:48,000
building Community ties, forging
new Industries and championing a

2550
02:09:48,000 --> 02:09:50,500
cause he believed just In modern
Boston. 

2551
02:09:50,500 --> 02:09:54,400
Tourists throng, the Freedom 
Trail winding pass sites like 

2552
02:09:54,400 --> 02:09:58,900
the old North Church where the 
signal lanterns Revere's house 

2553
02:09:58,900 --> 02:10:03,400
painstakingly preserved, Stan's 
an example of 17th century 

2554
02:10:03,400 --> 02:10:06,700
architecture adapted by an 18th 
century Craftsman. 

2555
02:10:06,700 --> 02:10:10,500
Visitors, Marvel at the cramped 
rooms where children must have 

2556
02:10:10,500 --> 02:10:13,600
crowded together. 
And at the workshop, space out 

2557
02:10:13,600 --> 02:10:17,500
back where Revere Chase creative
ideas that shaped silver into 

2558
02:10:17,500 --> 02:10:21,500
everything from teapots to 
intricate Buckles in the yard 

2559
02:10:21,500 --> 02:10:24,100
one can almost imagine him 
conferring with secret 

2560
02:10:24,100 --> 02:10:27,000
committee's, well stepping out 
at dusk for a quiet conversation

2561
02:10:27,000 --> 02:10:28,900
with a fellow Sons of Liberty 
member. 

2562
02:10:29,800 --> 02:10:34,000
Reverse industrial Legacy. 
Also lingers the copper, clad 

2563
02:10:34,000 --> 02:10:38,100
USS Constitution still floats. 
In the Charlestown Navy Yard a 

2564
02:10:38,100 --> 02:10:40,100
testament to his metallurgical 
foresight. 

2565
02:10:40,800 --> 02:10:43,500
Bells cast in his Foundry 
continued to ring in churches, 

2566
02:10:43,500 --> 02:10:46,700
across New England. 
These artifacts speak to a 

2567
02:10:46,700 --> 02:10:50,000
principal Revere championed that
self-sufficiency and local 

2568
02:10:50,000 --> 02:10:52,700
craftsmanship. 
Buttress, freedom in a young 

2569
02:10:52,700 --> 02:10:54,300
Republic uncertain of its 
future. 

2570
02:10:54,300 --> 02:10:58,400
He demonstrated that made in 
America was not a pipe dream but

2571
02:10:58,400 --> 02:11:01,200
a workable reality. 
Given enough Ingenuity and 

2572
02:11:01,200 --> 02:11:05,000
perseverance. 
Academic discourse as also 

2573
02:11:05,000 --> 02:11:08,100
refined Revere's place in 
Revolutionary history while 

2574
02:11:08,100 --> 02:11:11,600
Longfellows poem, romanticized 
lone Rider scholarship 

2575
02:11:11,600 --> 02:11:13,400
highlights. 
A broader Network known as the 

2576
02:11:13,400 --> 02:11:17,800
intelligent and alarm system 
dozens of riders, Watchers and 

2577
02:11:17,800 --> 02:11:22,200
committee members, made that 
April 1775 to success reverse 

2578
02:11:22,200 --> 02:11:24,800
role was crucial, but not 
singular, even. 

2579
02:11:24,800 --> 02:11:28,400
So the poems popularity stuck, 
capturing the hearts of 

2580
02:11:28,400 --> 02:11:30,700
generations who found 
inspiration in the notion that 

2581
02:11:30,700 --> 02:11:34,800
one person fueled by conviction,
might Rouse a people to defend 

2582
02:11:34,800 --> 02:11:37,100
Liberty, some argue that the 
Legends. 

2583
02:11:37,100 --> 02:11:39,500
Simplicity overshadowed the 
truth of collective action, 

2584
02:11:39,500 --> 02:11:43,200
While others contend it provided
a rallying cymbal more powerful 

2585
02:11:43,200 --> 02:11:47,600
than any purely factual account.
Contemporary portrayals whether 

2586
02:11:47,600 --> 02:11:50,500
in children's books or 
historical dramas, balance the 

2587
02:11:50,508 --> 02:11:54,100
factual Paul Revere, with the 
Mythic figure, they mentioned 

2588
02:11:54,100 --> 02:11:57,100
his silver shop, his involvement
in the Boston Tea Party, and his

2589
02:11:57,100 --> 02:11:59,400
lesson known Feats beyond the 
famed ride. 

2590
02:11:59,400 --> 02:12:03,600
They note how he bridged 
multiple roles Artisan, father 

2591
02:12:03,600 --> 02:12:07,500
activist Soldier, an 
entrepreneur Teachers use his 

2592
02:12:07,500 --> 02:12:09,900
story to illustrate how 
revolutions depend on every day.

2593
02:12:09,900 --> 02:12:14,100
Citizens stepping forward not 
just charismatic, generals In 

2594
02:12:14,100 --> 02:12:17,400
this sense, Revere embodies the 
idea that significant changes 

2595
02:12:17,400 --> 02:12:21,600
fueled by many hands each 
contributing specialized talents

2596
02:12:21,600 --> 02:12:25,700
reverse transformation into a 
national icon, carries lessons 

2597
02:12:25,700 --> 02:12:28,700
about how history and memory 
intercept, he left behind. 

2598
02:12:28,700 --> 02:12:32,400
No bombastic, Diaries rather, 
his records were pragmatic 

2599
02:12:32,400 --> 02:12:35,300
receipts for silver items. 
Letters about shipments of 

2600
02:12:35,308 --> 02:12:38,800
copper, brief notes on local, 
militia tasks, the shift from 

2601
02:12:38,800 --> 02:12:41,400
Modest business documents to 
Mythic status suggests. 

2602
02:12:41,400 --> 02:12:43,500
That wants a narrative. 
Resonates with national 

2603
02:12:43,500 --> 02:12:47,200
sentiment it acquires a life of 
its own Paul Revere. 

2604
02:12:47,200 --> 02:12:51,100
The stands as both a historical 
figure verifiable multifaceted 

2605
02:12:51,100 --> 02:12:55,000
and a cultural emblem shape by 
poetry public monuments and 

2606
02:12:55,000 --> 02:12:57,300
retelling. 
The emphasized drama over Nuance

2607
02:12:57,300 --> 02:12:59,800
for people reflecting on the 
Revere's life. 

2608
02:12:59,800 --> 02:13:03,400
Today, he offers a model of 
adaptability he was not locked 

2609
02:13:03,400 --> 02:13:06,700
into a single path facing 
challenges where the paternal 

2610
02:13:06,700 --> 02:13:10,000
loss in adolescents British 
crackdowns post-war economic 

2611
02:13:10,000 --> 02:13:14,800
chaos, you recalibrated That 
adaptability underscores. 

2612
02:13:14,800 --> 02:13:18,200
A universal truth. 
The capacity to Pivot in crises 

2613
02:13:18,200 --> 02:13:21,900
Foster's resilience. whether in 
the forging of a new nation or 

2614
02:13:21,900 --> 02:13:25,600
in personal life transitions, 
Ultimately, the Paul Revere 

2615
02:13:25,600 --> 02:13:27,300
story is more than an evening 
Dash. 

2616
02:13:27,900 --> 02:13:32,100
It's a tapestry of craftsmanship
activism community building and 

2617
02:13:32,100 --> 02:13:35,400
Industrial ambition. 
Each thread adds depth to the 

2618
02:13:35,408 --> 02:13:39,700
Revolutionary narrative And 
while the phrase one, if by land

2619
02:13:39,700 --> 02:13:44,000
two, if by Sea Rings Through the
Ages The Reel Revere thrived on 

2620
02:13:44,000 --> 02:13:46,900
forging alliances and 
relentlessly solving problems. 

2621
02:13:46,900 --> 02:13:51,000
His memory endures in hammered 
silver in The Echoes of church 

2622
02:13:51,000 --> 02:13:53,400
bells and in the forging of a 
collective identity. 

2623
02:13:53,400 --> 02:13:55,800
That transcends any single 
heroic moment. 

2624
02:13:56,700 --> 02:14:00,800
In that sense, reverse life. 
Exemplifies how a determined 

2625
02:14:00,800 --> 02:14:04,500
citizen can indeed shape 
history, quietly, weaving, 

2626
02:14:04,500 --> 02:14:07,600
purpose into every role. 
He fills leaving behind an 

2627
02:14:07,600 --> 02:14:10,200
imprint that resonates well 
beyond the midnight calls of 

2628
02:14:10,200 --> 02:14:17,200
War. 
When you're sleeping on what 

2629
02:14:17,200 --> 02:14:20,900
passes for a Celtic mattress. 
Basically a pile of sheep's wool

2630
02:14:20,900 --> 02:14:24,700
packed into a leather sack that 
has seen better decades Waking 

2631
02:14:24,700 --> 02:14:27,400
up before the sun does isn't 
exactly a hardship. 

2632
02:14:28,500 --> 02:14:31,300
In ancient Britain where central
heating won't be developed for 

2633
02:14:31,300 --> 02:14:34,300
another 1000 years or so, the 
morning are has that special 

2634
02:14:34,300 --> 02:14:36,600
bite that comes only from 
sleeping outside. 

2635
02:14:36,600 --> 02:14:40,000
You roll out of your makeshift 
shelter and walk Barefoot across

2636
02:14:40,000 --> 02:14:43,300
grass that has been soaked with 
Dew in the direction of the Holy

2637
02:14:43,300 --> 02:14:45,800
Grove. 
After years of this routine, 

2638
02:14:45,800 --> 02:14:48,600
your feet have long since 
hardened to leather, but you 

2639
02:14:48,600 --> 02:14:52,700
still Flinch when you step on a 
sharp Stone, like a curious cat,

2640
02:14:52,700 --> 02:14:55,900
the misk, clings to everything 
and circling the old Oaks and 

2641
02:14:55,900 --> 02:14:58,200
giving the impression that the 
world is smaller and more 

2642
02:14:58,200 --> 02:15:01,800
personal as a druid, your day, 
starts with what you could call 

2643
02:15:01,800 --> 02:15:05,100
meditation, but it's more about 
standing among trees that were 

2644
02:15:05,100 --> 02:15:06,500
old. 
When your great-grandfather was 

2645
02:15:06,500 --> 02:15:08,300
young and listening than it is 
about sitting. 

2646
02:15:08,300 --> 02:15:12,500
Cross-legged and humming old, 
paying attention your drawn to 

2647
02:15:12,500 --> 02:15:15,200
your own breathing, in the 
silence to the distant call of a

2648
02:15:15,200 --> 02:15:17,300
curly. 
You and to the rustle of leaves 

2649
02:15:17,300 --> 02:15:20,300
that resembles whispered 
Secrets, the Oak Grove house is 

2650
02:15:20,300 --> 02:15:22,200
your outdoor office library and 
Temple. 

2651
02:15:22,200 --> 02:15:26,100
There are no walls, no roof 
apart, from the canopy above and

2652
02:15:26,100 --> 02:15:30,300
no expensive Furnishings. 
Just you the trees and whatever 

2653
02:15:30,300 --> 02:15:31,700
knowledge you can extract from 
them. 

2654
02:15:32,500 --> 02:15:34,500
Feeling the Deep grooves and 
recalling. 

2655
02:15:34,500 --> 02:15:37,300
The innumerable doors. 
You have welcomed here, you run 

2656
02:15:37,308 --> 02:15:39,300
your hand along the bark of your
favorite Oak. 

2657
02:15:40,200 --> 02:15:42,900
Over the years, this tree has 
taken on the role of a kind of 

2658
02:15:42,908 --> 02:15:45,600
co-worker. 
A silent Observer of your 

2659
02:15:45,600 --> 02:15:48,900
thoughts and prayers checking on
the different plants and herbs. 

2660
02:15:48,900 --> 02:15:51,000
You've been growing nearby as 
part of your morning routine. 

2661
02:15:51,900 --> 02:15:53,700
Although it may not resemble a 
modern Garden. 

2662
02:15:53,700 --> 02:15:56,800
There are carefully arranged 
plantings in small clearings and

2663
02:15:56,800 --> 02:15:59,800
Among The Roots. 
You must be patient sometimes 

2664
02:15:59,800 --> 02:16:03,100
waiting years for mistletoe to 
appear, because it doesn't grow 

2665
02:16:03,100 --> 02:16:06,000
on every Oak. 
When it happens, it's similar to

2666
02:16:06,000 --> 02:16:09,500
discovering a 20 pound note in 
your coat pocket but this note 

2667
02:16:09,500 --> 02:16:12,400
has the power to heal the sick 
and establish a connection with 

2668
02:16:12,400 --> 02:16:14,900
the Divine. 
Even the most pragmatic person 

2669
02:16:14,900 --> 02:16:18,000
gets a little mystical from the 
golden way, the early morning, 

2670
02:16:18,000 --> 02:16:20,900
light filters through the 
leaves, you collect a few 

2671
02:16:20,900 --> 02:16:24,000
special herbs such as Meadow 
Suite for its sweet Aroma and 

2672
02:16:24,000 --> 02:16:28,200
therapeutic qualities for 
purification and some Hawthorne 

2673
02:16:28,200 --> 02:16:31,100
bark for later use. 
These Treasures are stored in 

2674
02:16:31,100 --> 02:16:34,000
your Leather Pouch which has 
been softened by years of use 

2675
02:16:34,000 --> 02:16:36,200
and resembles and ancient 
farmacy. 

2676
02:16:36,200 --> 02:16:39,100
You hear the sounds of the 
settlements starting to awaken 

2677
02:16:39,100 --> 02:16:42,700
as the sun rises higher. 
The Familiar sound of everyday 

2678
02:16:42,700 --> 02:16:44,299
life. 
Such as children, laughing 

2679
02:16:44,299 --> 02:16:47,700
cattle lowing and someone 
presumably arguing over who gets

2680
02:16:47,700 --> 02:16:51,100
to milk the goats drift through 
the trees as smoke rises from 

2681
02:16:51,100 --> 02:16:54,700
cooking fires, but for now, you 
are caught between the Eternal 

2682
02:16:54,700 --> 02:16:58,000
and the Earthly in these final 
moments of dawn silence, When 

2683
02:16:58,000 --> 02:17:00,799
You Close Your Eyes, you can 
feel the Earth, slow steady 

2684
02:17:00,799 --> 02:17:03,700
heartbeat. 
The pulse of the land beneath 

2685
02:17:03,700 --> 02:17:06,299
your feet. 
The ability to perceive the 

2686
02:17:06,299 --> 02:17:09,100
deeper rhythms of the natural 
world, is a sensation that 

2687
02:17:09,108 --> 02:17:12,900
developed over years, you know, 
better than to call it fanciful.

2688
02:17:12,900 --> 02:17:16,000
You've discovered that the world
speaks to those who can listen. 

2689
02:17:16,000 --> 02:17:19,700
After 20 years of training 
memorizing, thousands of lines, 

2690
02:17:19,700 --> 02:17:22,799
of poetry and lore and 
researching the Motions of stars

2691
02:17:22,799 --> 02:17:25,799
and the characteristics of 
plants a simple acknowledgment, 

2692
02:17:25,799 --> 02:17:28,600
which is in between a prayer and
a greeting marks, the end of the

2693
02:17:28,600 --> 02:17:31,900
morning ritual. 
One last time, you press your 

2694
02:17:31,900 --> 02:17:34,799
palm against the Oaks trunk and 
mutter something in the ancient 

2695
02:17:34,799 --> 02:17:37,400
that your teacher taught you 
when you were just a young child

2696
02:17:37,400 --> 02:17:40,600
naturally, the tree never 
responds, but you always feel 

2697
02:17:40,600 --> 02:17:42,799
heard. 
It's time to confront the day 

2698
02:17:42,799 --> 02:17:45,299
and all of its human related 
issues and complications. 

2699
02:17:45,299 --> 02:17:47,799
You must eat something first 
though. 

2700
02:17:47,799 --> 02:17:51,500
When their blood sugar Falls 
even Druids become irritable, 

2701
02:17:51,500 --> 02:17:53,700
you practice. 
What may be the most spectacular

2702
02:17:53,700 --> 02:17:55,500
party trick in all of ancient 
Europe. 

2703
02:17:55,500 --> 02:17:58,400
As you make your way back toward
the settlement, Was deadly 

2704
02:17:58,400 --> 02:18:01,799
serious. 
And there are no parties Jeanie 

2705
02:18:01,799 --> 02:18:05,100
allergies, caught ruling's, and 
religious tales that need to be 

2706
02:18:05,100 --> 02:18:07,000
memorized of a beta of being 
recited. 

2707
02:18:07,000 --> 02:18:10,900
There were no crib notes, no 
written books and no, let me 

2708
02:18:10,907 --> 02:18:13,400
Google. 
That choice is just your brain, 

2709
02:18:13,400 --> 02:18:16,400
which has been conditioned to 
function as a living Library. 

2710
02:18:16,400 --> 02:18:19,500
Since childhood, the intricate 
inheritance laws governing 

2711
02:18:19,500 --> 02:18:22,100
cattle disputes of the subject 
of this morning's mental 

2712
02:18:22,100 --> 02:18:24,900
exercise. 
The content is truly exciting. 

2713
02:18:25,799 --> 02:18:28,900
He silently discuss the 
appropriate course of action in 

2714
02:18:28,900 --> 02:18:30,900
the event. 
That a neighbors grain field is 

2715
02:18:30,900 --> 02:18:34,299
damaged by someone's prize ball 
going over different scenarios 

2716
02:18:34,299 --> 02:18:37,700
and the solutions that are 
suggested Similar to being a 

2717
02:18:37,700 --> 02:18:40,700
walking Wikipedia except that 
you can't use cultural left to 

2718
02:18:40,700 --> 02:18:42,799
find what you're looking for. 
And real people. 

2719
02:18:42,799 --> 02:18:46,400
Suffer real consequences, if you
forget something crucial, a 

2720
02:18:46,400 --> 02:18:49,400
growl from your stomach, likely 
audible in the valley Beyond 

2721
02:18:49,400 --> 02:18:52,600
interrupt, this legal 
recitation, In Iron Age, 

2722
02:18:52,600 --> 02:18:54,700
Britain, breakfast is defined as
anything. 

2723
02:18:54,700 --> 02:18:57,200
That didn't go bad overnight and
won't kill you right away. 

2724
02:18:58,500 --> 02:19:01,200
You walk over to the communal 
kitchen where a number of big 

2725
02:19:01,200 --> 02:19:05,000
pots bubble over well maintained
fires porridge not the simple 

2726
02:19:05,000 --> 02:19:08,200
instant variety you can 
microwave but real porridge made

2727
02:19:08,200 --> 02:19:11,799
from barley oats or whatever 
grains of the weather the birds 

2728
02:19:11,799 --> 02:19:15,700
and the general unpredictability
of prehistoric agriculture is 

2729
02:19:15,700 --> 02:19:18,799
the breakfast food. 
Its flavored with whatever herbs

2730
02:19:18,799 --> 02:19:22,200
or dried fruits happen to be on 
hand and stirred with Wooden 

2731
02:19:22,200 --> 02:19:25,400
Spoons that have been worn 
Smooth by numerable hands. 

2732
02:19:26,200 --> 02:19:28,900
Occasionally honey is used when 
the Bears aren't feeling hungry 

2733
02:19:28,900 --> 02:19:32,100
and the bees are feeling 
generous with your hands warmed 

2734
02:19:32,100 --> 02:19:35,100
by the cool morning air you take
a seat on a wooden stump that 

2735
02:19:35,100 --> 02:19:38,299
doubles as your breakfast chair.
What does the porridge takes 

2736
02:19:38,299 --> 02:19:43,000
like I like porridge actually 
but by ancient standards it's a 

2737
02:19:43,000 --> 02:19:46,400
huge success because it's hot 
filling and doesn't cause food 

2738
02:19:46,400 --> 02:19:48,500
poisoning. 
You enjoy the crunch of the 

2739
02:19:48,500 --> 02:19:51,200
hazelnuts against the smooth 
grain as you add a handful that 

2740
02:19:51,200 --> 02:19:53,700
you've been saving. 
You go over your mental notes 

2741
02:19:53,700 --> 02:19:56,200
from yesterday's consultation, 
with a farmer who she had been 

2742
02:19:56,208 --> 02:19:59,200
acting strangely while you're 
eating Even though it was the 

2743
02:19:59,200 --> 02:20:03,000
right season, two Rams, had 
refused to mate, and three use 

2744
02:20:03,000 --> 02:20:06,000
had been moving in circles. 
It was most likely ergot 

2745
02:20:06,000 --> 02:20:07,800
poisoning from contaminated 
grass. 

2746
02:20:07,800 --> 02:20:10,300
You decided after looking at the
animals and weighing the many 

2747
02:20:10,300 --> 02:20:15,000
possibilities disease, poisoning
Supernatural interference, or 

2748
02:20:15,000 --> 02:20:18,000
just plain, sheep stubbornness 
your advice had been sensible 

2749
02:20:18,000 --> 02:20:20,300
relocate, the flock to New 
Pasture. 

2750
02:20:20,300 --> 02:20:24,000
Provide them with lots of clean 
water, and make sacrifices to 

2751
02:20:24,000 --> 02:20:26,300
make sure there were no, 
residual spiritual issues. 

2752
02:20:27,100 --> 02:20:30,300
Is the type of diagnosis that 
neatly Blends Agricultural, 

2753
02:20:30,300 --> 02:20:33,700
Science, veterinary medicine and
religious practice. 

2754
02:20:33,700 --> 02:20:37,900
Your success rate keeps people 
coming back but modern doctors 

2755
02:20:37,900 --> 02:20:39,300
would likely question your 
methods. 

2756
02:20:39,300 --> 02:20:42,100
The toddler is clinging to the 
young mother's leg like a 

2757
02:20:42,100 --> 02:20:43,800
Resolute. 
Barnacle she approaches. 

2758
02:20:43,800 --> 02:20:47,400
She explains that the child has 
been experiencing night terrors 

2759
02:20:47,400 --> 02:20:49,400
in his unable to sleep through 
the night. 

2760
02:20:50,300 --> 02:20:53,200
After you finish your porridge, 
you think about the issue 

2761
02:20:53,200 --> 02:20:57,200
sometimes the remedy is herbal 
such as a gentle chamomile or 

2762
02:20:57,200 --> 02:20:59,800
lavender tea. 
Checking for drafts in their 

2763
02:20:59,800 --> 02:21:02,600
sleeping area or implying. 
That the child may be old enough

2764
02:21:02,600 --> 02:21:03,900
to have a separate sleeping 
area. 

2765
02:21:03,900 --> 02:21:06,800
From his parents are examples of
practical applications. 

2766
02:21:06,800 --> 02:21:10,700
Sometimes though, you suspect, 
it's simply the fact that 2 year

2767
02:21:10,708 --> 02:21:13,300
olds are inherently scary beings
who don't receive enough, sleep,

2768
02:21:13,300 --> 02:21:15,800
until there are around 30 
naturally. 

2769
02:21:15,800 --> 02:21:17,000
You don't say this to the 
mother. 

2770
02:21:17,000 --> 02:21:21,500
Instead you propose creating a 
mild herbal remedy and suggest a

2771
02:21:21,500 --> 02:21:24,500
simple bedtime routine that may 
help the child feel more secure,

2772
02:21:24,500 --> 02:21:28,000
your work revolves around these 
consultations which are the 

2773
02:21:28,000 --> 02:21:31,000
everyday reality that differs 
greatly from the enigmatic 

2774
02:21:31,000 --> 02:21:34,100
unearthly perception, that 
people frequently, hold of 

2775
02:21:34,100 --> 02:21:38,100
Druids you have elements of a 
lawyer, a doctor, a therapist, 

2776
02:21:38,100 --> 02:21:42,000
and an agricultural consultant. 
The mystical elements though, 

2777
02:21:42,000 --> 02:21:44,800
woven through pragmatic concerns
like a golden thread, through 

2778
02:21:44,800 --> 02:21:48,900
rough wool, a sufficiently real.
Your day has officially begun. 

2779
02:21:48,900 --> 02:21:51,400
When you finish your breakfast 
and noticed that the sun has 

2780
02:21:51,400 --> 02:21:54,600
risen, well above the tree line.
It's time to review your many 

2781
02:21:54,600 --> 02:21:57,600
ongoing projects and determine 
who else might benefit from your

2782
02:21:57,600 --> 02:22:01,200
unique combination of Common 
Sense and age old wisdom, it's a

2783
02:22:01,200 --> 02:22:02,700
three-walled building with a 
thatched roof. 

2784
02:22:02,700 --> 02:22:05,500
That only leaks when it rains a 
lot, which is usually the case, 

2785
02:22:05,500 --> 02:22:08,900
you'll make shift to Spencer is 
located in a corner of what 

2786
02:22:08,900 --> 02:22:12,600
could be kindly referred to as a
workshop to receive any sunlight

2787
02:22:12,600 --> 02:22:14,300
that Britain's consistently 
overcast. 

2788
02:22:14,300 --> 02:22:18,400
Skies May provide the open side 
faces, South Clay pots line. 

2789
02:22:18,408 --> 02:22:21,400
Wooden shelves that have been 
smooth by years of use and 

2790
02:22:21,400 --> 02:22:24,300
bundles of dried herbs. 
Hang from the rafters, like an 

2791
02:22:24,300 --> 02:22:27,200
aromatic chandelier checking on 
a batch of willow bark. 

2792
02:22:27,200 --> 02:22:29,900
Tea that has been steeping. 
Overnight is the first task for 

2793
02:22:29,900 --> 02:22:33,500
today's pharmaceutical work. 
Kind words, and gentle 

2794
02:22:33,500 --> 02:22:35,900
stretching are insufficient for 
the middle aged blacksmith, 

2795
02:22:35,900 --> 02:22:39,000
patient, whose joints are so 
stiff that he can hardly lift 

2796
02:22:39,000 --> 02:22:41,300
his hammer. 
He tests the strength of the 

2797
02:22:41,300 --> 02:22:44,200
dark liquid with a cautious sip 
after straining it through a 

2798
02:22:44,200 --> 02:22:46,700
piece of linen, it's probably 
about, right? 

2799
02:22:46,700 --> 02:22:50,000
Because I'm as bitter as a 
disgruntled tax collector, your 

2800
02:22:50,000 --> 02:22:53,100
medicine cabinet would confuse a
modern pharmacist that any 

2801
02:22:53,100 --> 02:22:54,800
respectable herbalist would be 
impressed. 

2802
02:22:54,800 --> 02:22:58,400
The headaches Feverfew is 
collected at dawn when its 

2803
02:22:58,400 --> 02:23:02,000
potency is its highest The 
country people refer to country 

2804
02:23:02,000 --> 02:23:05,200
as knitbone for good reason, it 
helps with wounds and broken 

2805
02:23:05,200 --> 02:23:07,600
bones. 
Saint John's Wort is used to 

2806
02:23:07,600 --> 02:23:10,300
treat depression but you may 
also think of it as a way to 

2807
02:23:10,300 --> 02:23:13,200
drive out evil spirits that 
descend on the heart like Mist 

2808
02:23:13,200 --> 02:23:16,900
in a valley, a woman shows up 
looking ashamed, the company by 

2809
02:23:16,900 --> 02:23:20,700
her teenage son, The boys face 
resembles a battlefield of red 

2810
02:23:20,700 --> 02:23:24,800
pimples and angry spots commonly
referred to as acne. 

2811
02:23:24,800 --> 02:23:28,000
But you recognize it as the 
unfortunate consequence of 

2812
02:23:28,008 --> 02:23:31,300
maturing into manhood in a world
lacking face, wash or 

2813
02:23:31,300 --> 02:23:34,000
dermatologists. 
It's not incorrect for his 

2814
02:23:34,000 --> 02:23:36,100
mother to worry that the 
condition could hinder his 

2815
02:23:36,100 --> 02:23:39,100
ability to locate and wife. 
But you don't bring up the 

2816
02:23:39,100 --> 02:23:42,000
possibility that his personality
could be a greater barrier. 

2817
02:23:42,000 --> 02:23:44,800
Herbal Remedies and practical 
advice are part of your 

2818
02:23:44,800 --> 02:23:47,400
treatment. 
Applications of honey and 

2819
02:23:47,400 --> 02:23:49,100
crushed. 
Mint leaves on the outside for 

2820
02:23:49,100 --> 02:23:52,700
their antibacterial qualities. 
This tea blend which contains 

2821
02:23:52,700 --> 02:23:54,900
burdock root nettle and a little
yellow. 

2822
02:23:54,900 --> 02:23:57,900
Dock is meant to balance what 
you think of as internal heat. 

2823
02:23:58,700 --> 02:24:01,400
Above all, there are strong 
warnings not to pick at the 

2824
02:24:01,400 --> 02:24:04,200
spots but you know that teens 
will disregard These Warnings 

2825
02:24:04,200 --> 02:24:07,100
with the same tenacity that has 
been displayed throughout 

2826
02:24:07,100 --> 02:24:10,400
history, mental and emotional 
disorders present the true 

2827
02:24:10,400 --> 02:24:12,700
obstacle after losing her baby 
daughter. 

2828
02:24:12,700 --> 02:24:16,000
Six months ago, a Merchants wife
has been describing what she 

2829
02:24:16,000 --> 02:24:19,500
calls Melancholy of the spirit. 
Like Lee, what we would 

2830
02:24:19,500 --> 02:24:22,700
recognize as depression, you 
have plants that can help with 

2831
02:24:22,700 --> 02:24:26,100
the physical pain and somnia 
that come with deep sadness, but

2832
02:24:26,100 --> 02:24:28,900
no herb can cure it. 
You make a mild, concoction, 

2833
02:24:28,900 --> 02:24:33,000
passion flower to promote 
relaxation, lemon balm, for its 

2834
02:24:33,000 --> 02:24:36,500
energizing qualities, and a tiny
bit of lavender for its soothing

2835
02:24:36,500 --> 02:24:38,900
aroma. 
More significantly though. 

2836
02:24:38,900 --> 02:24:42,000
You allow her space to talk 
about her daughter and 

2837
02:24:42,000 --> 02:24:44,700
acknowledge the truth of her 
loss without downplaying it or 

2838
02:24:44,700 --> 02:24:47,600
pressuring her to accept it a 
significant portion of your 

2839
02:24:47,600 --> 02:24:49,700
practice consists of this 
emotional labor. 

2840
02:24:49,700 --> 02:24:53,500
People seek you out not only for
physical cures, but also for 

2841
02:24:53,500 --> 02:24:56,500
someone who will listen to them 
without passing judgment and who

2842
02:24:56,500 --> 02:24:59,500
could help them understand why 
they are suffering, you're a 

2843
02:24:59,500 --> 02:25:03,000
priest, a counselor and a friend
all at once you've learned to 

2844
02:25:03,000 --> 02:25:05,200
keep your distance so that you 
don't get caught up in other 

2845
02:25:05,200 --> 02:25:07,900
people's suffering, a more 
unusual, case arrives in your 

2846
02:25:07,900 --> 02:25:11,400
afternoon, a farmer who believes
arrival has cursed, his prize 

2847
02:25:11,400 --> 02:25:13,500
bull, the animal no longer 
serves. 

2848
02:25:13,500 --> 02:25:16,500
The cows and has turned violent 
and erratic charging at Shadows.

2849
02:25:17,500 --> 02:25:19,500
Examining the beast from a safe 
distance. 

2850
02:25:19,500 --> 02:25:22,800
You observe its irregular 
behavior and dilated pupils. 

2851
02:25:22,800 --> 02:25:26,000
After careful integration, you 
learn that. 

2852
02:25:26,000 --> 02:25:29,000
The bull has been grazing in a 
field where ergot infected grain

2853
02:25:29,000 --> 02:25:32,600
grows wild, the cursed treatment
includes moving the ball to a 

2854
02:25:32,600 --> 02:25:36,000
clean pasture, providing him 
with plenty of fresh water and 

2855
02:25:36,000 --> 02:25:38,600
performing a ceremonial 
cleansing to help him feel that 

2856
02:25:38,600 --> 02:25:40,200
the spiritual threat has been 
removed. 

2857
02:25:40,200 --> 02:25:44,800
All due to the farmers strong 
and genuine belief in curses As 

2858
02:25:44,800 --> 02:25:46,000
you think about your evening 
meal? 

2859
02:25:46,000 --> 02:25:49,800
You must utter impressive 
sounding incantations, burn some

2860
02:25:49,800 --> 02:25:53,300
purifying herbs and sprinkled 
blessed water around the Bulls 

2861
02:25:53,300 --> 02:25:55,500
pair. 
This is not exactly a deception.

2862
02:25:56,300 --> 02:25:59,400
instead of making the farmer 
feel helpless and Afraid, the 

2863
02:25:59,400 --> 02:26:03,100
ritual actually helps them feel 
empowered and hopeful The Bulls 

2864
02:26:03,100 --> 02:26:06,400
recuperation will be impacted by
his mental state, which will 

2865
02:26:06,400 --> 02:26:09,300
also affect how he treats the 
animal medicine that treats both

2866
02:26:09,300 --> 02:26:11,900
the patient and their human 
caregivers can. 

2867
02:26:11,900 --> 02:26:14,600
Sometimes be the best. 
You tidy up your equipment and 

2868
02:26:14,600 --> 02:26:16,200
arrange your supplies for the 
next day. 

2869
02:26:16,200 --> 02:26:19,300
As night falls, the work for the
day has been successful. 

2870
02:26:19,300 --> 02:26:22,300
The number of people are feeling
better and your treatments, 

2871
02:26:22,300 --> 02:26:24,700
haven't killed anyone, which is 
always a win in. 

2872
02:26:24,708 --> 02:26:27,700
Prehistoric medicine, 
approximately two miles from the

2873
02:26:27,700 --> 02:26:30,400
settlement. 
The stone circle is situated on 

2874
02:26:30,400 --> 02:26:33,700
a rise where Generations before 
your grandfather's grandfather 

2875
02:26:33,700 --> 02:26:36,700
was born, your ancestors 
dragged, enormous blocks of 

2876
02:26:36,708 --> 02:26:38,600
local Granite into a perfect 
ring. 

2877
02:26:39,600 --> 02:26:42,700
You follow a path that has been 
smoothed by a numerable feet 

2878
02:26:42,700 --> 02:26:46,200
Drew, its petitioners, and 
inquisitive kids who have been 

2879
02:26:46,200 --> 02:26:48,800
told not to play Among The 
Sacred Stones, but still do. 

2880
02:26:48,800 --> 02:26:52,700
So as you stroll there in the 
late afternoon, light each Stone

2881
02:26:52,700 --> 02:26:55,400
roughly twice. 
Your height is a weathered gray 

2882
02:26:55,400 --> 02:26:57,300
monument that has endured for 
centuries. 

2883
02:26:58,200 --> 02:26:59,900
They aren't the enormous 
trilithons. 

2884
02:26:59,900 --> 02:27:01,100
You might picture from 
Stonehenge. 

2885
02:27:01,100 --> 02:27:04,500
Those megaliths are from a more 
ambitious, early era. 

2886
02:27:05,100 --> 02:27:08,300
Despite being smaller and more 
personal, these stones are just 

2887
02:27:08,300 --> 02:27:11,400
as potent. 
Small offerings left by guests 

2888
02:27:11,400 --> 02:27:12,700
clumped together around their 
bases. 

2889
02:27:12,700 --> 02:27:15,900
Like vibrant prayers, May 
tangible and leek and paints 

2890
02:27:15,900 --> 02:27:18,500
them in patches of green and 
silver in your world 

2891
02:27:18,500 --> 02:27:21,200
spirituality and astronomy are 
never completely distinct. 

2892
02:27:21,200 --> 02:27:25,600
But today's purpose is more 
astronomical for months, you've 

2893
02:27:25,600 --> 02:27:28,400
been monitoring the moon's 
movement in its position in 

2894
02:27:28,400 --> 02:27:31,500
relation to the background stars
in anticipation of a specific 

2895
02:27:31,500 --> 02:27:33,900
alignment that happens once 
every 19 years. 

2896
02:27:34,800 --> 02:27:37,400
If your calculations are 
accurate, the moon will rise 

2897
02:27:37,400 --> 02:27:39,800
through the space between two 
particular Stones tonight, 

2898
02:27:39,800 --> 02:27:44,000
signaling a significant event in
the astronomical calendar years 

2899
02:27:44,000 --> 02:27:47,000
of stargazing were part of your 
training, which taught you to 

2900
02:27:47,000 --> 02:27:51,100
read the sky, like a huge slowly
turning book, understanding. 

2901
02:27:51,100 --> 02:27:54,200
Celestials helps you time 
everything from planting to 

2902
02:27:54,200 --> 02:27:56,000
religious festivals to court 
cases. 

2903
02:27:56,000 --> 02:27:59,700
Not because you think the Stars 
dictate human fate, that's more 

2904
02:27:59,700 --> 02:28:03,000
of a Roman notion. 
The phases of the moon dictate 

2905
02:28:03,000 --> 02:28:06,000
when it is best to gather 
specific herbs, when rituals are

2906
02:28:06,000 --> 02:28:08,900
most effective and when it is 
fortunate to start significant 

2907
02:28:08,900 --> 02:28:12,500
projects, you set up a basic 
meal, consisting of bread cheese

2908
02:28:12,500 --> 02:28:14,400
and dried apples. 
As your observation Point. 

2909
02:28:14,400 --> 02:28:18,300
Patience is necessary for 
astronomical work and patience, 

2910
02:28:18,300 --> 02:28:22,200
necessitate nourishment. 
The grain used to make the dense

2911
02:28:22,200 --> 02:28:25,500
dark bread was ground between 
two stones that morning because 

2912
02:28:25,500 --> 02:28:27,800
it was aged in clay pots. 
Buried in cool Earth. 

2913
02:28:27,800 --> 02:28:31,700
The cheese has a sharp Tang. 
simple food tastes better when 

2914
02:28:31,700 --> 02:28:34,600
enjoyed in the company of old 
stones and under the Open Sky, 

2915
02:28:34,600 --> 02:28:38,800
you start the evenings actual 
task as dusk Falls teaching your

2916
02:28:38,800 --> 02:28:42,600
Apprentice, the intricate craft 
of memory As you recite the 

2917
02:28:42,600 --> 02:28:44,400
family tree of the local 
Chieftain. 

2918
02:28:44,400 --> 02:28:46,900
Young Calum sits cross-legged 
next to you. 

2919
02:28:46,900 --> 02:28:49,300
His expression solemn and 
focused. 

2920
02:28:50,100 --> 02:28:53,300
The meticulously structured 
verse Chronicles 15 Generations,

2921
02:28:53,300 --> 02:28:57,800
worth of marriages feuds births 
and deaths which helps read as 

2922
02:28:57,800 --> 02:29:00,000
retain. 
The information, the genealogy 

2923
02:29:00,000 --> 02:29:02,800
serves, as legal, documentation 
in addition to family, history, 

2924
02:29:02,800 --> 02:29:06,700
who is entitled to inherit 
property due to long-standing 

2925
02:29:06,700 --> 02:29:09,900
blood feuds, which families are 
prohibited from getting married 

2926
02:29:09,900 --> 02:29:13,300
to one another, And tribal 
councils, who is empowered to 

2927
02:29:13,300 --> 02:29:17,000
speak your mind contains all of 
this knowledge, which you need 

2928
02:29:17,000 --> 02:29:19,400
to impart flawlessly to the 
following generation. 

2929
02:29:20,300 --> 02:29:22,800
Single era could render a 
property claim, void, or 

2930
02:29:22,800 --> 02:29:26,200
unintentionally approve, a union
that would spark a new conflict 

2931
02:29:26,200 --> 02:29:28,500
Calum repeats. 
The verses back to you, 

2932
02:29:28,500 --> 02:29:31,600
occasionally stumbling over, the
more complex relationships. 

2933
02:29:32,500 --> 02:29:35,800
Although he is intelligent 
enough memory work, necessitates

2934
02:29:35,800 --> 02:29:37,900
constant, practice and perfect 
accuracy. 

2935
02:29:37,900 --> 02:29:41,500
You recall, the frustration of 
knowing that a single incorrect 

2936
02:29:41,500 --> 02:29:43,800
word could have major 
repercussions for actual people 

2937
02:29:43,800 --> 02:29:46,600
in the real world, as well as 
your struggles with the same 

2938
02:29:46,600 --> 02:29:50,200
material at his age, he point 
out constellations rising in the

2939
02:29:50,200 --> 02:29:52,800
darkening sky in between 
genealogical lessons. 

2940
02:29:52,800 --> 02:29:56,200
The Great Bear is circling the 
North Star indefinitely. 

2941
02:29:57,100 --> 02:30:00,100
With his belt of three, 
brilliant Stars, Orion the 

2942
02:30:00,100 --> 02:30:01,900
hunter Strode across the winter 
sky. 

2943
02:30:02,700 --> 02:30:06,200
There are Tales associated with 
each constellation, not merely 

2944
02:30:06,200 --> 02:30:09,600
lovely myths, but useful 
knowledge contained in enduring 

2945
02:30:09,600 --> 02:30:12,400
tales. 
For example, the Seven Sisters 

2946
02:30:12,400 --> 02:30:15,800
story tells you when to plant 
barley The story of the swans 

2947
02:30:15,800 --> 02:30:18,500
flight across the Summer Sky 
marks the time to gather some 

2948
02:30:18,500 --> 02:30:21,300
medicinal plants. 
These aren't just Tales, your 

2949
02:30:21,300 --> 02:30:24,100
people share over fire on, Chile
evening's there. 

2950
02:30:24,100 --> 02:30:26,800
An intricate system of oral 
tradition that preserves and 

2951
02:30:26,800 --> 02:30:30,900
passes along important seasonal 
knowledge you see the Moon fat 

2952
02:30:30,900 --> 02:30:35,000
and almost full Rising precisely
where your calculation indicated

2953
02:30:35,000 --> 02:30:39,300
it would as complete darkness 
descends It first manifests as a

2954
02:30:39,308 --> 02:30:43,800
globe behind the stones, then as
a curved Edge and lastly, as a 

2955
02:30:43,800 --> 02:30:47,000
full silver disc, that is 
precisely framed in the space 

2956
02:30:47,000 --> 02:30:50,900
between two Granite monoliths. 
You're always moved by this site

2957
02:30:50,900 --> 02:30:54,000
which demonstrates that the 
age-old wisdom preserved in 

2958
02:30:54,008 --> 02:30:58,700
stone and tail is still true 
accurate and trustworthy Calum. 

2959
02:30:58,700 --> 02:31:01,700
Lets out a quiet gasp. 
But what he sees and you recall,

2960
02:31:01,700 --> 02:31:04,700
the first time you saw such 
accuracy learning about 

2961
02:31:04,700 --> 02:31:08,000
astronomical alignments, in 
theory is one thing, but 

2962
02:31:08,000 --> 02:31:10,100
witnessing them in action with 
perfect Precision. 

2963
02:31:10,100 --> 02:31:14,000
Is quite another The stones 
appear to be a sophisticated 

2964
02:31:14,000 --> 02:31:16,800
instrument. 
A calendar written in Granite 

2965
02:31:16,800 --> 02:31:20,700
and starlight rather than just 
random rocks for the next hour. 

2966
02:31:20,700 --> 02:31:24,000
You teach Calum how to use the 
Stone Circle as a giant clock 

2967
02:31:24,000 --> 02:31:28,200
and calendar demonstrating to 
him how various rising's and 

2968
02:31:28,200 --> 02:31:31,800
settings in the changing of the 
seasons when festivals should be

2969
02:31:31,800 --> 02:31:33,700
held. 
And when the boundaries between 

2970
02:31:33,700 --> 02:31:37,300
worlds, becoming increasingly 
blurred, the special energy that

2971
02:31:37,300 --> 02:31:40,000
precedes any meeting where 
significant decisions will be 

2972
02:31:40,000 --> 02:31:43,800
made fills the Great Hall of the
settlement, a boundary dispute 

2973
02:31:43,800 --> 02:31:47,100
between nearby Farms, the 
conditions for throwing a 

2974
02:31:47,100 --> 02:31:49,300
wedding Feast that will bring 
together two powerful families 

2975
02:31:49,300 --> 02:31:52,500
and the delicate case of a young
man accused of stealing cattle 

2976
02:31:52,500 --> 02:31:55,600
from his cousin, a just a few of
the Urgent issues that will be 

2977
02:31:55,600 --> 02:31:59,100
discussed at tonight's council 
meeting as The sun rises, you 

2978
02:31:59,100 --> 02:32:01,900
arrive wearing formal roads, 
that symbolize your position as 

2979
02:32:01,900 --> 02:32:04,200
an Arbiter, an upholder of 
traditional law. 

2980
02:32:05,000 --> 02:32:08,500
Nobody's impressed by the hall 
itself, it's just a big wooden 

2981
02:32:08,500 --> 02:32:11,000
barn with more smoke holes and 
better decorations. 

2982
02:32:11,000 --> 02:32:15,200
The air is filled with the mix 
smells of leather wet wool would

2983
02:32:15,200 --> 02:32:17,500
smoke and too many people in one
location. 

2984
02:32:17,500 --> 02:32:19,900
While Rush lights flicker in the
background. 

2985
02:32:19,900 --> 02:32:23,300
Your seat is in a prominent 
location, close to the main fire

2986
02:32:23,300 --> 02:32:27,000
close enough to the clan Chief 
to offer advice, but far enough 

2987
02:32:27,000 --> 02:32:30,100
away to speak to the group, as a
whole, the arrangement takes 

2988
02:32:30,100 --> 02:32:32,400
into account your dual 
responsibilities as an 

2989
02:32:32,400 --> 02:32:35,100
independent Authority and 
counselor since that would 

2990
02:32:35,100 --> 02:32:37,700
require a formal court system 
that does not yet exist. 

2991
02:32:38,500 --> 02:32:42,400
You are not quite a judge in the
Contemporary sense, rather your 

2992
02:32:42,400 --> 02:32:45,400
assort of legal scholar, 
mediator and precedent 

2993
02:32:45,400 --> 02:32:47,600
repository. 
In the first instance, two 

2994
02:32:47,600 --> 02:32:50,600
brothers quarrel about where 
their property line is, although

2995
02:32:50,600 --> 02:32:53,800
they both inherited parts of 
their father's land spring 

2996
02:32:53,800 --> 02:32:56,600
plowing and winter floods of 
shifted, the original boundary 

2997
02:32:56,600 --> 02:33:00,200
markers which were a line of 
Standing Stones, every brother 

2998
02:33:00,200 --> 02:33:02,500
maintains that his version of 
events as accurate. 

2999
02:33:02,500 --> 02:33:05,600
And each has witnesses to back 
up, his claims asking thoughtful

3000
02:33:05,600 --> 02:33:07,200
questions. 
Concerning the original 

3001
02:33:07,200 --> 02:33:10,200
positioning of the stones, he 
intention stated in their 

3002
02:33:10,200 --> 02:33:12,800
fathers will, and the 
testimonies of neighbors who 

3003
02:33:12,800 --> 02:33:15,200
were called the land prior to 
the boundary being disturbed, 

3004
02:33:15,200 --> 02:33:19,100
you listened to both sides. 
In order to piece together 

3005
02:33:19,100 --> 02:33:21,800
physical evidence and human 
memory and reconstruct the 

3006
02:33:21,800 --> 02:33:25,100
truth, the solution calls for 
more detective work than legal 

3007
02:33:25,100 --> 02:33:27,400
scholarship. 
Following much deliberation. 

3008
02:33:27,400 --> 02:33:29,800
You suggest a compromise that 
gives each brother, 

3009
02:33:29,800 --> 02:33:33,200
approximately equal acreage 
while drawing a new border that 

3010
02:33:33,200 --> 02:33:37,100
traces natural features, a line 
of oak trees and a stream bed, 

3011
02:33:37,100 --> 02:33:39,500
that will be more difficult to 
contest later. 

3012
02:33:40,500 --> 02:33:43,300
A fact that neither Brother is 
completely satisfied with the 

3013
02:33:43,300 --> 02:33:47,000
solutions suggests that it is 
likely Fair the charge of cattle

3014
02:33:47,000 --> 02:33:48,700
theft turns out to be more 
complicated. 

3015
02:33:48,700 --> 02:33:52,800
Dara a cousin accuses young 
Brannock of stealing two 

3016
02:33:52,800 --> 02:33:55,100
Priceless. 
Heifers the evidence is 

3017
02:33:55,100 --> 02:33:59,000
circumstantial but concerning 
Dira recently purchased cattle 

3018
02:33:59,000 --> 02:34:01,200
that looks strikingly similar to
Brannock. 

3019
02:34:01,200 --> 02:34:03,900
He was spotted close to his herd
the night before the animals 

3020
02:34:03,900 --> 02:34:06,200
vanished. 
Although he is unable to provide

3021
02:34:06,200 --> 02:34:10,300
the merchant or any witnesses to
the transactions that he bought 

3022
02:34:10,300 --> 02:34:13,400
the animals from a traveling 
Merchant claims of theft must be

3023
02:34:13,400 --> 02:34:16,500
supported by either unambiguous 
evidence or an ordeal trial 

3024
02:34:16,500 --> 02:34:19,800
under your legal system. 
Since no one witnessed Brannock 

3025
02:34:19,800 --> 02:34:22,800
actually taking the cattle, the 
first option is not feasible, 

3026
02:34:22,800 --> 02:34:26,700
the second option, entails 
making unpleasant decisions such

3027
02:34:26,700 --> 02:34:29,100
as fighting a duel. 
Submerging an arm in boiling 

3028
02:34:29,100 --> 02:34:31,400
water or holding a red hot iron 
bar. 

3029
02:34:32,400 --> 02:34:35,300
Although you've noticed that 
Divine Justice occasionally has 

3030
02:34:35,300 --> 02:34:38,500
a peculiar sense of humor. 
The theory holds that it will 

3031
02:34:38,500 --> 02:34:40,400
protect the innocent and punish 
the guilty. 

3032
02:34:40,400 --> 02:34:44,700
You suggest a third option a 
formal oath taking ceremony in 

3033
02:34:44,700 --> 02:34:47,700
which Brannock is required to 
publicly declare his innocence 

3034
02:34:47,700 --> 02:34:50,900
while touching a holy object and
pleading with the gods to hear 

3035
02:34:50,900 --> 02:34:54,700
him, the oath will ultimately 
result in divine retribution, if

3036
02:34:54,700 --> 02:34:58,100
he is lying His public statement
should clear his name and put an

3037
02:34:58,100 --> 02:34:59,900
end to the accusation. 
If he is speaking the truth, 

3038
02:34:59,900 --> 02:35:02,100
although it's not perfect 
Justice. 

3039
02:35:02,100 --> 02:35:05,100
It avoids the possibility of 
injuring an innocent person 

3040
02:35:05,100 --> 02:35:07,100
while still formally resolving 
the conflict. 

3041
02:35:07,900 --> 02:35:11,000
Granite readily agrees 
indicating either his innocent 

3042
02:35:11,000 --> 02:35:13,800
or his extraordinary faith, in 
his ability, to deceive the 

3043
02:35:13,800 --> 02:35:16,400
Gods. 
Even though you've been mistaken

3044
02:35:16,400 --> 02:35:20,400
before you suspect, the former 
the last issue planning the 

3045
02:35:20,400 --> 02:35:23,000
wedding Feast calls for 
completely different abilities. 

3046
02:35:23,000 --> 02:35:25,800
You have to make sure that the 
seating arrangements, don't 

3047
02:35:25,800 --> 02:35:29,200
unintentionally offend anyone 
that the appropriate Customs are

3048
02:35:29,200 --> 02:35:32,000
followed and that the two 
families contractual Duties are 

3049
02:35:32,008 --> 02:35:34,800
understood and observed. 
It's similar to juggling the 

3050
02:35:34,800 --> 02:35:36,800
roles of lawyer, Diplomat and 
wedding. 

3051
02:35:36,800 --> 02:35:41,000
Planner, the Grooms family must 
provide certain items such as a 

3052
02:35:41,000 --> 02:35:44,500
certain number of cattle, 
multiple bronze ornaments and 

3053
02:35:44,500 --> 02:35:47,900
enough grain to brew ale for the
celebration while the bride's 

3054
02:35:47,900 --> 02:35:51,500
family will provide the main 
feast Using your understanding 

3055
02:35:51,500 --> 02:35:54,200
of comparable arrangements and 
what each family can afford. 

3056
02:35:54,200 --> 02:35:58,200
You assist in negotiating, these
specifics as the evening goes on

3057
02:35:58,200 --> 02:35:59,600
and the different issues are 
settled. 

3058
02:35:59,600 --> 02:36:03,000
You experience the well-known 
Joy of witnessing, your training

3059
02:36:03,000 --> 02:36:06,200
in action in these situations. 
The laws you've learned by 

3060
02:36:06,200 --> 02:36:09,600
heart, the Precedence, you've 
researched and the Diplomatic 

3061
02:36:09,600 --> 02:36:11,400
abilities. 
You've honed all come together 

3062
02:36:11,400 --> 02:36:13,200
to make your community run more 
smoothly. 

3063
02:36:13,200 --> 02:36:17,000
However, you're also worn out, 
even when things go, well, 

3064
02:36:17,000 --> 02:36:20,500
navigating complex social 
dynamics, mediating, conflicts, 

3065
02:36:20,500 --> 02:36:22,700
and speaking. 
Authoritatively for hours on end

3066
02:36:22,700 --> 02:36:25,900
is exhausting work. 
You look forward to the quieter 

3067
02:36:25,900 --> 02:36:28,800
parts of your evening routine, 
but your back hurts from sitting

3068
02:36:28,800 --> 02:36:32,200
up straight and attentive. 
Your throat is dry from talking 

3069
02:36:32,200 --> 02:36:35,400
with that special relief that 
comes from settling disputes 

3070
02:36:35,400 --> 02:36:38,700
without anyone brandishing a 
sword or hurling a punch, the 

3071
02:36:38,700 --> 02:36:42,100
council scattered into the cool 
night air after spending hours 

3072
02:36:42,100 --> 02:36:44,300
in the Smoky Hall. 
You wrap your formal robes 

3073
02:36:44,300 --> 02:36:48,200
around yourself and go outside 
thankful for the fresh air above

3074
02:36:48,200 --> 02:36:51,300
each point of light, stands out,
Against the black sky with a 

3075
02:36:51,300 --> 02:36:53,900
brilliant Clarity. 
That can only be achieved in a 

3076
02:36:53,900 --> 02:36:56,600
world, free from light 
pollution, you're not quite done

3077
02:36:56,600 --> 02:36:59,400
with your evening. 
In addition to the quiet 

3078
02:36:59,400 --> 02:37:02,000
personal practices that keep you
going through the rigors of 

3079
02:37:02,008 --> 02:37:05,300
public life, there are rituals 
to perform an observations to 

3080
02:37:05,300 --> 02:37:08,000
document. 
You make your way slowly to your

3081
02:37:08,000 --> 02:37:10,800
private space. 
A simple roundhouse that doubles

3082
02:37:10,800 --> 02:37:14,900
as a home study and Haven years 
of meticulous, Arrangement are 

3083
02:37:14,900 --> 02:37:18,100
evident in the interior. 
Warm consistent light is 

3084
02:37:18,100 --> 02:37:21,800
produced by Clay, lamps one 
section serves as your sleeping 

3085
02:37:21,800 --> 02:37:26,000
space, it is basic, but cozy 
with Furs and thick wool 

3086
02:37:26,000 --> 02:37:29,600
blankets for the coldest nights.
Your most valuable belongings 

3087
02:37:29,600 --> 02:37:33,900
are kept on shelves, not gold or
Jewels but ceramic jars filled 

3088
02:37:33,900 --> 02:37:36,900
with exotic herbs engraved. 
Wooden tablets bearing, 

3089
02:37:36,900 --> 02:37:40,300
astronomical formulas and Tiny 
bronze clocks and Celestial 

3090
02:37:40,300 --> 02:37:43,000
angle gauges. 
The first task for tonight is to

3091
02:37:43,000 --> 02:37:46,300
update your lunar, calendar by 
recording the precise location 

3092
02:37:46,300 --> 02:37:48,600
of the Moon. 
And when it rises through the 

3093
02:37:48,600 --> 02:37:52,300
stone circle, you track patterns
over several years using a 

3094
02:37:52,300 --> 02:37:55,500
system of marks and symbols, 
that anyone else would find 

3095
02:37:55,500 --> 02:37:59,100
confusing future. 
Ceremony is tied predictions for

3096
02:37:59,100 --> 02:38:02,300
Coastal communities, and the 
upkeep of the intricate festival

3097
02:38:02,300 --> 02:38:04,900
calendar that organizes your 
people's religious and 

3098
02:38:04,900 --> 02:38:07,400
agricultural, year will all 
benefit from this knowledge 

3099
02:38:07,400 --> 02:38:09,900
charcoal for drawing on 
specialty prepared. 

3100
02:38:09,900 --> 02:38:14,400
Clay surfaces sharp Flint blades
for carving marks in wood and a 

3101
02:38:14,400 --> 02:38:17,200
clever counting device made from
knotted strings to, keep track 

3102
02:38:17,200 --> 02:38:20,600
of longer Cycles are your basic 
yet, official record, keeping 

3103
02:38:20,600 --> 02:38:23,300
tools. 
Since written language exists, 

3104
02:38:23,300 --> 02:38:25,500
but isn't used for long-term 
information storage. 

3105
02:38:25,500 --> 02:38:27,500
Everything must be done from 
memory. 

3106
02:38:28,200 --> 02:38:30,800
Writing something down. 
Weakens the mental muscles that 

3107
02:38:30,800 --> 02:38:34,100
Druids rely on because it makes 
for getting easier, you update 

3108
02:38:34,100 --> 02:38:36,700
your records and get ready for 
the spiritual observances, that 

3109
02:38:36,700 --> 02:38:39,700
will take place that evening. 
These are private quiet. 

3110
02:38:39,700 --> 02:38:42,300
Rituals that help you stay 
connected to the forces, you 

3111
02:38:42,300 --> 02:38:46,600
serve rather than large public 
ceremonies using particular 

3112
02:38:46,600 --> 02:38:49,600
Woods selected for their 
symbolic qualities, Oak for 

3113
02:38:49,608 --> 02:38:53,400
strength and endurance. 
Ash for protection and Hawthorne

3114
02:38:53,400 --> 02:38:56,000
for purification. 
You like to small fire in a 

3115
02:38:56,000 --> 02:38:58,600
bronze Bowl. 
Your silent prayers for the days

3116
02:38:58,600 --> 02:39:00,400
accomplishments and request for 
direction. 

3117
02:39:00,400 --> 02:39:03,400
In the challenges of Tomorrow. 
A carried by the smoke as it 

3118
02:39:03,400 --> 02:39:07,000
rises in a thin column. 
After the days of events you sit

3119
02:39:07,000 --> 02:39:10,200
quietly and allow your thoughts 
to calm down, you feel the 

3120
02:39:10,200 --> 02:39:12,800
tension, leave your shoulders 
and the stress that has built up

3121
02:39:12,800 --> 02:39:14,900
from mediating. 
Conflicts of evaporate like 

3122
02:39:14,900 --> 02:39:16,900
water. 
The structured mindfulness 

3123
02:39:16,900 --> 02:39:20,400
practice that modern people may 
be familiar with is not what 

3124
02:39:20,400 --> 02:39:24,200
this meditation is rather. 
It's a slow Awakening to the 

3125
02:39:24,200 --> 02:39:27,500
subtle currents that run beneath
the surface of ordinary reality.

3126
02:39:28,700 --> 02:39:31,500
You hear the sounds of the 
night, The Whisper Of The Wind 

3127
02:39:31,500 --> 02:39:35,300
through that the distant lowing 
of cattle settling for sleep. 

3128
02:39:35,300 --> 02:39:38,900
And the owls called from the Oak
Grove, you gradually start to 

3129
02:39:38,900 --> 02:39:42,200
notice less evidence and 
Sensations The Earth itself 

3130
02:39:42,200 --> 02:39:44,100
seems to be pulsing slowly with 
energy. 

3131
02:39:44,100 --> 02:39:48,600
These subtle grain of the 
landscape like would that make 

3132
02:39:48,600 --> 02:39:50,300
some directions feel different 
from others. 

3133
02:39:51,200 --> 02:39:54,400
Feeling that every prayer that 
has been said and every fire 

3134
02:39:54,400 --> 02:39:56,500
that has burned, they are 
preserved in the stones of your 

3135
02:39:56,500 --> 02:39:59,200
half to a modern ear. 
These perceptions may seem 

3136
02:39:59,200 --> 02:40:02,300
mystical but to you, there is 
natural as checking the weather 

3137
02:40:02,300 --> 02:40:04,200
or listening for approaching 
footsteps. 

3138
02:40:04,200 --> 02:40:07,500
Your senses have been trained 
for decades to pick up on 

3139
02:40:07,500 --> 02:40:09,400
rhythms and patterns that most 
people miss. 

3140
02:40:09,400 --> 02:40:12,200
The fact that these perceptions 
enable you to better. 

3141
02:40:12,200 --> 02:40:15,100
Serve your community is more 
important than whether they are 

3142
02:40:15,100 --> 02:40:18,300
the result of true Supernatural 
awareness or simply highly 

3143
02:40:18,300 --> 02:40:21,500
developed intuition reviewing 
the days of events and thinking 

3144
02:40:21,500 --> 02:40:24,700
about what they reveal about 
broader patterns and Trends is 

3145
02:40:24,700 --> 02:40:28,600
your final ritual as the fire 
burns down to glowing coals. 

3146
02:40:29,400 --> 02:40:32,100
The boundary dispute implies 
that the amount of available 

3147
02:40:32,100 --> 02:40:34,300
land is being strained by 
population, growth. 

3148
02:40:35,100 --> 02:40:37,800
The charge of cattle theft may 
be a reflection of larger 

3149
02:40:37,800 --> 02:40:40,600
economic tensions. 
As young men, find it difficult 

3150
02:40:40,600 --> 02:40:43,500
to make a name for themselves. 
The intricate network of 

3151
02:40:43,500 --> 02:40:46,800
alliances that binds your 
Society together is exposed 

3152
02:40:46,800 --> 02:40:50,100
during the wedding negotiations.
These observations will help you

3153
02:40:50,100 --> 02:40:53,400
foresee future issues before 
they become crises, and will 

3154
02:40:53,400 --> 02:40:55,400
guide your advice to the clan 
leadership. 

3155
02:40:55,400 --> 02:40:59,100
It is a type of strategic 
thinking that uses both logical 

3156
02:40:59,100 --> 02:41:02,700
analysis and the deeper wisdom 
that comes from years of reading

3157
02:41:02,700 --> 02:41:06,600
human Nature's, currents in 
Blends, practical analysis with 

3158
02:41:06,600 --> 02:41:09,600
intuitive insights. 
You finally Bank, the fire and 

3159
02:41:09,600 --> 02:41:12,300
get ready for sleep as genuine 
exhaustion descend. 

3160
02:41:12,300 --> 02:41:15,500
Upon you, there will likely be 
at least one emergencies that 

3161
02:41:15,500 --> 02:41:18,100
calls for all of your abilities 
and knowledge to Morrow along 

3162
02:41:18,100 --> 02:41:20,200
with new difficulties and 
conflicts to resolve. 

3163
02:41:20,200 --> 02:41:21,900
But that's a problem for 
tomorrow. 

3164
02:41:21,900 --> 02:41:24,800
You can sleep easy tonight. 
Knowing that you have done a 

3165
02:41:24,800 --> 02:41:27,900
good job of serving your people 
and upholding the long-standing 

3166
02:41:27,900 --> 02:41:31,400
Customs that give their lives 
purpose and order after such a 

3167
02:41:31,400 --> 02:41:33,500
long day. 
You can easily fall asleep as 

3168
02:41:33,500 --> 02:41:36,600
your body, settles into the Wall
stuffed mattress and you feel 

3169
02:41:36,600 --> 02:41:38,300
the satisfaction of a job well 
done. 

3170
02:41:38,300 --> 02:41:41,900
However, your mind is still 
partially awake while you sleep 

3171
02:41:41,900 --> 02:41:45,300
because it has been trained over
decades to pick up on odd, 

3172
02:41:45,300 --> 02:41:48,600
sounds or shifts in the subtle 
energies that surround sacred 

3173
02:41:48,600 --> 02:41:51,200
locations, but only dreams of 
peace to tonight. 

3174
02:41:51,200 --> 02:41:54,200
The trees are bigger and older 
than any that grow in the real 

3175
02:41:54,200 --> 02:41:56,300
world. 
And you find yourself strolling 

3176
02:41:56,300 --> 02:41:59,000
through a forest that appears 
for millier but is incredibly 

3177
02:41:59,000 --> 02:42:02,300
large. 
Beside you are ancient Druids 

3178
02:42:02,300 --> 02:42:05,300
teachers from earlier 
Generations, whose knowledge has

3179
02:42:05,300 --> 02:42:08,700
been transmitted orally, they 
communicate without using words.

3180
02:42:08,700 --> 02:42:11,900
Exchanging information that 
moves straight from one mind to 

3181
02:42:11,908 --> 02:42:15,100
another like water, leveling out
secrets that are hidden from 

3182
02:42:15,100 --> 02:42:17,300
everyday view are revealed by 
The Dream Forest. 

3183
02:42:18,000 --> 02:42:20,600
You can see how all of the trees
are connected by a network of 

3184
02:42:20,600 --> 02:42:24,200
routes that exchange information
and nutrients over great 

3185
02:42:24,200 --> 02:42:27,200
distances. 
You see how the forest functions

3186
02:42:27,200 --> 02:42:31,200
as a single enormous organism. 
Thanks to the micro Isle guys 

3187
02:42:31,200 --> 02:42:33,100
underground, network of chemical
signals. 

3188
02:42:33,900 --> 02:42:36,400
In the dream state, these 
connections appear as clear as 

3189
02:42:36,400 --> 02:42:39,500
sunlight, but it will take 
centuries for modern science to 

3190
02:42:39,500 --> 02:42:41,700
uncover them. 
The events of the day are 

3191
02:42:41,700 --> 02:42:44,200
processed by your sleeping. 
Mine and woven into the broader 

3192
02:42:44,200 --> 02:42:48,000
patterns that guide your work 
Humanity's NeverEnding quest to 

3193
02:42:48,000 --> 02:42:50,500
impose order on the natural 
world is reflected in the 

3194
02:42:50,500 --> 02:42:53,400
boundary dispute. 
The charge of cattle theft 

3195
02:42:53,400 --> 02:42:55,100
highlights. 
The conflicts that emerge when 

3196
02:42:55,100 --> 02:42:58,800
traditional communities start to
expand past the point at, which 

3197
02:42:58,800 --> 02:43:02,400
everyone is well acquainted with
one another, The negotiation 

3198
02:43:02,400 --> 02:43:05,600
surrounding the wedding show how
Society has changed and grow 

3199
02:43:05,600 --> 02:43:08,000
while retaining their 
fundamental characteristics. 

3200
02:43:08,000 --> 02:43:10,900
These realizations feel more 
like true truths that have 

3201
02:43:10,900 --> 02:43:14,300
always been there. just waiting 
for the right time to come to 

3202
02:43:14,300 --> 02:43:17,200
light and they do like 
conclusions, you've drawn 

3203
02:43:18,800 --> 02:43:21,300
druidic frequently operates in 
this way. 

3204
02:43:21,300 --> 02:43:25,400
It reorganizes everything you 
believe to be true rather than 

3205
02:43:25,400 --> 02:43:28,600
using linear reasoning. 
Your dreams become more intimate

3206
02:43:28,600 --> 02:43:30,800
than the night grows darker as a
Young. 

3207
02:43:30,808 --> 02:43:32,600
Apprentice, you find it 
difficult to commit. 

3208
02:43:32,600 --> 02:43:35,800
The extensive body of legal 
historical and religious 

3209
02:43:35,800 --> 02:43:38,600
knowledge to memory. 
You recall, the aggravation of 

3210
02:43:38,608 --> 02:43:41,700
forgetting crucial information, 
the anxiety of failing, your 

3211
02:43:41,708 --> 02:43:45,100
teachers and the slow Delight of
realizing that the disparate 

3212
02:43:45,100 --> 02:43:49,200
facts were in fact, piece of a 
cohesive whole through Decades 

3213
02:43:49,200 --> 02:43:52,600
of sometimes unappreciated 
service the memory dreams, serve

3214
02:43:52,600 --> 02:43:55,100
as a, reminder of why you chose 
this path and why you have 

3215
02:43:55,100 --> 02:43:58,200
stayed dedicated to it. 
Your people are able to preserve

3216
02:43:58,200 --> 02:44:01,100
their identity and values for 
generations to come because of 

3217
02:44:01,100 --> 02:44:04,000
the living wisdom you possess 
which goes beyond merely 

3218
02:44:04,000 --> 02:44:06,500
academic. 
Knowledge communities would lose

3219
02:44:06,500 --> 02:44:09,100
their ties to the past and their
direction for the future. 

3220
02:44:09,100 --> 02:44:12,500
If Druids were there to maintain
and pass along this cultural 

3221
02:44:12,500 --> 02:44:15,500
heritage, you dream about the 
vast cycle that can control 

3222
02:44:15,500 --> 02:44:18,100
everything as the first gray 
light Peaks through the Smoke 

3223
02:44:18,100 --> 02:44:22,100
Hole in your Roof Just Before 
Dawn, the daily cycle of Dawn, 

3224
02:44:22,100 --> 02:44:26,000
and dusk the moon's monthly 
cycle of phases, the changing of

3225
02:44:26,000 --> 02:44:29,600
the seasons every year each with
a unique challenges and gifts. 

3226
02:44:30,400 --> 02:44:32,500
The longer multi-generational 
cycles. 

3227
02:44:32,500 --> 02:44:35,600
That signify the emergence and 
decline of dynasties, the 

3228
02:44:35,600 --> 02:44:38,800
movement of peoples and the 
gradual advancement of human 

3229
02:44:38,800 --> 02:44:41,200
knowledge. 
You see yourself in the dream as

3230
02:44:41,200 --> 02:44:44,400
a component of these enormous 
Cycles no more or less 

3231
02:44:44,400 --> 02:44:46,800
significant than any other 
component of the pattern. 

3232
02:44:46,800 --> 02:44:50,100
Even though your life is short, 
in comparison to the stone 

3233
02:44:50,100 --> 02:44:53,700
circles age or the Great Oaks 
lifespan, your contribution to 

3234
02:44:53,708 --> 02:44:56,700
preserving wisdoms continuity, 
makes you a part of something, 

3235
02:44:56,700 --> 02:45:00,000
greater and more durable than 
any one person's life. 

3236
02:45:00,000 --> 02:45:03,700
Despite the complicated dreams. 
You awaken organically as the 

3237
02:45:03,700 --> 02:45:05,500
first bird. 
Starts singing in the morning, 

3238
02:45:05,500 --> 02:45:10,000
feeling refreshed, and composed.
Without the startling confusion 

3239
02:45:10,000 --> 02:45:13,000
that frequently accompanies 
contemporary alarm clocks, the 

3240
02:45:13,000 --> 02:45:16,000
shift from sleep to wakefulness,
feels seamless and natural 

3241
02:45:16,000 --> 02:45:19,300
instead of waking. 
When the time is right, your 

3242
02:45:19,300 --> 02:45:22,000
body has learned to synchronize 
itself with its own natural 

3243
02:45:22,000 --> 02:45:25,000
rhythms, you get out of bed and 
do the easy stretching 

3244
02:45:25,000 --> 02:45:27,900
exercises, that maintain the 
strength and flexibility of your

3245
02:45:27,900 --> 02:45:30,500
aging body. 
Give that a healthy body is 

3246
02:45:30,500 --> 02:45:32,000
necessary to support her 
healthy. 

3247
02:45:32,000 --> 02:45:34,300
Mind, drew riddle training 
places. 

3248
02:45:34,300 --> 02:45:36,800
A strong emphasis on the 
relationship between mental and 

3249
02:45:36,800 --> 02:45:40,100
physical health. 
The mild yet effective exercises

3250
02:45:40,100 --> 02:45:42,700
are made to keep your 
circulation flexibility. 

3251
02:45:42,700 --> 02:45:45,900
And the kind of focused 
awareness that your job requires

3252
02:45:45,900 --> 02:45:50,000
the world is waking up to a new 
day outside as families. 

3253
02:45:50,000 --> 02:45:52,900
Prepare their morning meals. 
Smoke rises from cooking fires. 

3254
02:45:52,900 --> 02:45:56,400
The cool air is filled with the 
sounds of children, starting 

3255
02:45:56,400 --> 02:45:59,700
their daily tasks. 
Hear the steady sound of grain 

3256
02:45:59,700 --> 02:46:03,200
being ground between stones in 
the distance and you hear cattle

3257
02:46:03,200 --> 02:46:05,600
sighing softly as they are led 
to New Pasture. 

3258
02:46:05,600 --> 02:46:08,300
Even though your daily robes 
aren't as fancy as the ones you 

3259
02:46:08,300 --> 02:46:10,900
ought to the council. 
Last night, you still make a 

3260
02:46:10,900 --> 02:46:13,400
statement about your position 
and status in the community. 

3261
02:46:13,400 --> 02:46:17,900
Wolf from local plants is used 
to dye the fabric Rich greens, 

3262
02:46:17,900 --> 02:46:21,900
from nettle, soft Browns from 
Walnut hulls and a hint of Blue 

3263
02:46:21,900 --> 02:46:25,200
from woad which was expensive 
and time-consuming to obtain. 

3264
02:46:25,200 --> 02:46:28,900
As you step outside into the 
morning, are you experience the 

3265
02:46:28,900 --> 02:46:31,800
same sense of excitement that 
comes with the possibilities of 

3266
02:46:31,800 --> 02:46:34,700
every new day? 
People will need to be healed, 

3267
02:46:34,700 --> 02:46:36,800
conflicts will need to be 
resolved. 

3268
02:46:36,800 --> 02:46:39,800
Knowledge will need to be 
preserved and passed on, and 

3269
02:46:39,800 --> 02:46:41,400
Mysteries will need to be 
considered. 

3270
02:46:41,400 --> 02:46:44,800
It is challenging, but 
incredibly fulfilling work. 

3271
02:46:44,800 --> 02:46:48,000
That connects you to the Eternal
questions that have perplexed 

3272
02:46:48,000 --> 02:46:50,000
Humanity. 
Since the dawn of Consciousness,

3273
02:46:50,000 --> 02:46:53,500
as well as the Practical needs 
of your community, you can 

3274
02:46:53,500 --> 02:46:56,100
consider the peculiar privilege 
of your position as you make 

3275
02:46:56,100 --> 02:46:57,900
your way to the sacred grove to 
start. 

3276
02:46:58,100 --> 02:47:02,200
Another day's routine, you act 
as a link between worlds between

3277
02:47:02,200 --> 02:47:05,200
the Gathering wisdom of the past
and the emerging possibilities 

3278
02:47:05,200 --> 02:47:07,800
of the future. 
Between the Practical demands of

3279
02:47:07,800 --> 02:47:11,000
everyday life and the spiritual 
aspects that give life purpose 

3280
02:47:11,000 --> 02:47:14,700
and between the human community 
and the natural forces that 

3281
02:47:14,700 --> 02:47:18,100
support it, the Morning Mist is 
burned away as the sun rises 

3282
02:47:18,100 --> 02:47:21,200
higher, showcasing, the beauty 
of the familiar landscape. 

3283
02:47:22,100 --> 02:47:24,600
With the calm Assurance of 
someone who understands their 

3284
02:47:24,600 --> 02:47:28,700
role in the vast scheme of 
things, you face the new day as 

3285
02:47:28,700 --> 02:47:31,100
it Dawns in the never-ending 
cycle of days. 

3286
02:47:36,800 --> 02:47:40,400
The spring of 1642 arrived with 
deceptive gentleness to the 

3287
02:47:40,400 --> 02:47:44,100
cargo domain Nakamura. 
Yoshitaka third, son of a 

3288
02:47:44,100 --> 02:47:47,000
middle-ranking samurai. 
Watched as his father's funeral 

3289
02:47:47,000 --> 02:47:49,700
pyre sent gray white smoke 
curling toward the sky. 

3290
02:47:50,600 --> 02:47:54,400
At 18 yoshitaka now inherited 
not wealth or power but 

3291
02:47:54,400 --> 02:47:57,700
obligation, the suffocating 
weight of family debt and 

3292
02:47:57,700 --> 02:48:01,300
service to Lord my Aida. 
His father sudden death from a 

3293
02:48:01,300 --> 02:48:03,300
wasting illness had left, the 
family and precarious 

3294
02:48:03,300 --> 02:48:07,400
circumstances their stipend of 
150 koku, barely sufficient for 

3295
02:48:07,400 --> 02:48:10,400
their station. 
Yoshida's fingers, trace the 

3296
02:48:10,400 --> 02:48:12,200
edge of his guitars, lack of 
sire. 

3297
02:48:12,200 --> 02:48:16,200
The sword represented both his 
Heritage and his burden a 

3298
02:48:16,200 --> 02:48:18,400
physical embodiment of the 
contradictions that Define 

3299
02:48:18,400 --> 02:48:21,900
Samurai existence. 
While poets and foreign 

3300
02:48:21,900 --> 02:48:25,400
observers were romanticized, the
warrior class yoshitaka 

3301
02:48:25,400 --> 02:48:28,400
understood. 
A more complex reality, the age 

3302
02:48:28,400 --> 02:48:31,500
of Battlefield Glory, had faded 
into peace time Administration. 

3303
02:48:31,500 --> 02:48:36,200
Yet the demands of Bushido 
remained relentless The accounts

3304
02:48:36,200 --> 02:48:38,400
must be settled. 
His mother murmured that evening

3305
02:48:38,400 --> 02:48:39,900
laying out. 
Scrolls. 

3306
02:48:39,900 --> 02:48:43,200
Detailing loans from local, 
Merchants her once elegant, 

3307
02:48:43,200 --> 02:48:45,100
kimono had been mended multiple 
times. 

3308
02:48:45,100 --> 02:48:48,100
Another quiet Testament to their
declining fortunes. 

3309
02:48:48,900 --> 02:48:52,100
The Daimos Tax Collectors will 
not wait because we grieve. 

3310
02:48:53,500 --> 02:48:56,500
This was the first harsh truth 
of Samurai life in the Edo 

3311
02:48:56,500 --> 02:48:58,800
period. 
Appearances demanded Financial 

3312
02:48:58,800 --> 02:49:01,500
sacrifice. 
Despite their, declining 

3313
02:49:01,500 --> 02:49:04,400
fortunes. 
The Nakamura family was expected

3314
02:49:04,400 --> 02:49:08,100
to maintain an image of 
dignified Prosperity, their 

3315
02:49:08,100 --> 02:49:10,900
residents and modest Compound on
the periphery of kanazawa City. 

3316
02:49:10,900 --> 02:49:14,700
Required constant maintenance. 
Their clothing, while 

3317
02:49:14,700 --> 02:49:17,600
increasingly threadbear needed 
to reflect their status. 

3318
02:49:17,600 --> 02:49:21,200
Any public display of financial 
hardship, would bring shame not 

3319
02:49:21,200 --> 02:49:23,400
just on their household, but on 
their lord. 

3320
02:49:24,000 --> 02:49:27,100
Two days after the funeral 
yoshitaka presented himself at 

3321
02:49:27,100 --> 02:49:28,800
the domains administrator of 
officers. 

3322
02:49:28,800 --> 02:49:32,700
The magistrate a heavy set 
Samurai named hoshino, barely 

3323
02:49:32,700 --> 02:49:34,800
acknowledged him before a 
signing his new duties. 

3324
02:49:35,600 --> 02:49:37,700
You will supervise tax 
collection in the southern 

3325
02:49:37,700 --> 02:49:42,600
Villages hoshino stated flatly. 
Your father's inadequacies in 

3326
02:49:42,600 --> 02:49:45,700
this area have been noted, the 
Lord expects Improvement. 

3327
02:49:46,700 --> 02:49:51,000
Chest tightened his father had 
often spoken of the impossible 

3328
02:49:51,000 --> 02:49:54,000
balance between extracting 
sufficient rice tax from Farmers

3329
02:49:54,000 --> 02:49:57,100
and ensuring, they had enough to
survive until the next Harvest 

3330
02:49:57,100 --> 02:50:00,200
too harsh. 
And The Villages would collapse 

3331
02:50:00,200 --> 02:50:04,100
from starvation too lenient and 
a samurai would face censure 

3332
02:50:04,100 --> 02:50:06,800
from his superiors. 
The following week found 

3333
02:50:06,800 --> 02:50:09,600
yoshitaka riding through, muddy 
Fields, toward the village of 

3334
02:50:09,600 --> 02:50:12,200
ushikata. 
The planting of rice had 

3335
02:50:12,200 --> 02:50:15,800
commenced with peasants bending 
in the paddies, methodically 

3336
02:50:15,800 --> 02:50:18,100
pressing seedlings into the 
flooded fields. 

3337
02:50:19,000 --> 02:50:21,400
Their labor would eventually 
produce the rice that formed the

3338
02:50:21,400 --> 02:50:23,000
foundation of the Samurai 
economy. 

3339
02:50:23,000 --> 02:50:26,600
Each koku, theoretically enough 
to feed one person for a year 

3340
02:50:27,400 --> 02:50:29,900
Unlike the Romantic tales that 
would later capture foreign 

3341
02:50:29,900 --> 02:50:33,200
imagination, Yoshi takas daily. 
Life involved endless 

3342
02:50:33,200 --> 02:50:37,200
administrative tasks in rice 
fields reviewing Village headmen

3343
02:50:37,200 --> 02:50:39,300
records and resolving minor 
disputes. 

3344
02:50:40,100 --> 02:50:41,900
The weight of his paired swords 
at his hips. 

3345
02:50:41,900 --> 02:50:44,700
Served more as status symbols 
than weapons in these peaceful 

3346
02:50:44,700 --> 02:50:47,000
times, though. 
He maintained rigorous training 

3347
02:50:47,000 --> 02:50:50,800
each morning, The Village. 
Headman can sukhe greeted 

3348
02:50:50,800 --> 02:50:52,700
yoshitaka with practice 
deference. 

3349
02:50:52,700 --> 02:50:56,300
Bowing low yet with a certain 
weary in his eyes. 

3350
02:50:56,300 --> 02:51:00,000
Honorable samurai Sama. 
We welcome you to our humble 

3351
02:51:00,000 --> 02:51:05,100
Village Over bowls of simple tea
against a carefully explained. 

3352
02:51:05,100 --> 02:51:08,800
The villages circumstances a 
late Frost had damaged early 

3353
02:51:08,800 --> 02:51:12,200
crops and several families were 
already supplementing their diet

3354
02:51:12,200 --> 02:51:16,900
with foraged mountain plants. 
The tax quota remains unchanged,

3355
02:51:16,900 --> 02:51:19,500
yoshitaka stated reciting the 
official position. 

3356
02:51:20,500 --> 02:51:23,500
The daimios responsibilities to 
the Shogun cannot be neglected. 

3357
02:51:24,800 --> 02:51:28,800
Genesis weathered face remained 
in passive, but yoshitaka noted,

3358
02:51:28,800 --> 02:51:32,700
the slight Tremor in his hands, 
of course, Samurai Sama. 

3359
02:51:32,700 --> 02:51:37,700
We understand our duty to the 
Lord Later that night in the 

3360
02:51:37,700 --> 02:51:40,900
village headman spare room, 
yoshitaka found himself unable 

3361
02:51:40,900 --> 02:51:43,100
to sleep. 
The contrast between his 

3362
02:51:43,100 --> 02:51:46,500
family's Financial struggles and
the even greater Poverty of the 

3363
02:51:46,500 --> 02:51:49,600
farmers created. 
An uncomfortable dissonance both

3364
02:51:49,600 --> 02:51:52,400
were trapped in a system of 
obligations, the farmers to the 

3365
02:51:52,400 --> 02:51:56,500
samurai, the samurai, to their 
Lords, the Lords to the Showgun,

3366
02:51:56,500 --> 02:52:00,000
and ultimately all to a rigid 
social order that demanded 

3367
02:52:00,000 --> 02:52:04,000
perfected here to one's assigned
role, This was perhaps the 

3368
02:52:04,000 --> 02:52:07,900
greatest harshness of Samurai 
existence, the cycle weight of 

3369
02:52:07,900 --> 02:52:11,400
Perpetual obligation. 
Unlike the peasant who could 

3370
02:52:11,400 --> 02:52:14,000
occasionally find Simple 
Pleasures and seasonal festivals

3371
02:52:14,000 --> 02:52:17,200
or family, gatherings Samurai 
lived under constant scrutiny. 

3372
02:52:18,000 --> 02:52:21,200
Every action reflected not just 
on the cells but on their lord, 

3373
02:52:21,200 --> 02:52:25,000
even in private moments, 
yoshitaka felt the invisible 

3374
02:52:25,000 --> 02:52:29,000
pressure of expected perfection.
A spring, gave way to Summer 

3375
02:52:29,000 --> 02:52:33,300
yoshitaka established a rhythm 
to his duties mornings began 

3376
02:52:33,300 --> 02:52:35,800
with sword practice. 
The ritualized forms that 

3377
02:52:35,800 --> 02:52:38,800
connected him to Kit generations
of Warriors past. 

3378
02:52:39,400 --> 02:52:42,600
Then came the administrative 
work inspections and the 

3379
02:52:42,600 --> 02:52:45,500
delicate balance of enforcing 
Authority while avoiding 

3380
02:52:45,500 --> 02:52:48,100
cruelty. 
He spent his evening studying 

3381
02:52:48,100 --> 02:52:52,000
Chinese Classics and calligraphy
skills expected of an educated 

3382
02:52:52,000 --> 02:52:54,800
Samurai but increasingly 
disconnected from his daily 

3383
02:52:54,800 --> 02:52:57,800
responsibilities. 
What historical accounts often 

3384
02:52:57,800 --> 02:52:59,600
overlooked was the profound 
isolation. 

3385
02:52:59,600 --> 02:53:03,100
Many Samurai experience. 
Friendship across class lines 

3386
02:53:03,100 --> 02:53:06,300
was impossible relationships 
with fellow Samurai, were 

3387
02:53:06,300 --> 02:53:09,000
infused with competition and 
even family, connections, 

3388
02:53:09,000 --> 02:53:12,700
remained formal, and reserved. 
When Yoshi's younger brother 

3389
02:53:12,700 --> 02:53:15,700
fella that summer their 
conversations remained stiffly, 

3390
02:53:15,700 --> 02:53:18,900
proper emotional restraint and 
other requirement of their 

3391
02:53:18,900 --> 02:53:23,300
station, The Village headman Jen
suitcase, greeted, yoshitaka 

3392
02:53:23,300 --> 02:53:27,000
with practice, deference bowing 
low, yet with a certain 

3393
02:53:27,000 --> 02:53:30,300
weariness in his eyes. 
Honorable samurai Sama. 

3394
02:53:30,300 --> 02:53:35,400
We welcome you to our humble 
Village Over bowls of simple tea

3395
02:53:35,400 --> 02:53:39,500
gensouki carefully, explain the 
villages circumstances a late 

3396
02:53:39,508 --> 02:53:42,600
Frost had damaged early crops, 
and several families were 

3397
02:53:42,600 --> 02:53:45,600
already supplementing their diet
with foraged mountain plants. 

3398
02:53:46,300 --> 02:53:50,700
The tax quota remains unchanged,
yoshitaka stated reciting the 

3399
02:53:50,700 --> 02:53:54,000
official position. 
The daimyos responsibilities to 

3400
02:53:54,000 --> 02:53:55,400
the show gun cannot be 
neglected. 

3401
02:53:56,700 --> 02:54:00,700
Genesis weathered face remained 
in passive, but yoshitaka noted,

3402
02:54:00,700 --> 02:54:04,500
the slight Tremor in his hands, 
of course, Samurai Sama. 

3403
02:54:04,500 --> 02:54:09,600
We understand our duty to the 
Lord Later that night in the 

3404
02:54:09,600 --> 02:54:12,800
village headman spare room, 
yoshitaka found himself unable 

3405
02:54:12,800 --> 02:54:15,000
to sleep. 
The contrast between his 

3406
02:54:15,000 --> 02:54:18,300
family's Financial struggles and
the even greater Poverty of the 

3407
02:54:18,300 --> 02:54:20,000
farmers created and 
uncomfortable. 

3408
02:54:20,000 --> 02:54:23,700
Dissonance both were trapped in 
a system of obligations the 

3409
02:54:23,700 --> 02:54:27,100
farmers to the samurai, the 
samurai, to their Lords, the 

3410
02:54:27,100 --> 02:54:30,600
Lords of the Shogun, and 
ultimately all to a rigid social

3411
02:54:30,600 --> 02:54:34,100
order that demanded perfected 
here to one's assigned role. 

3412
02:54:35,100 --> 02:54:38,000
This was perhaps the greatest 
harshness of Samurai existence, 

3413
02:54:38,000 --> 02:54:40,800
the cycle weight of Perpetual 
obligation. 

3414
02:54:41,700 --> 02:54:44,400
Unlike the peasants who could 
occasionally find Simple 

3415
02:54:44,400 --> 02:54:46,400
Pleasures and seasonal festivals
or family. 

3416
02:54:46,400 --> 02:54:49,100
Gatherings Samurai lived under 
constant scrutiny. 

3417
02:54:49,900 --> 02:54:53,100
Every action reflected not just 
on the cells but on their lord, 

3418
02:54:53,100 --> 02:54:56,900
even in private moments, 
yoshitaka felt the invisible 

3419
02:54:56,900 --> 02:55:00,900
pressure of expected perfection.
A spring, gave way to Summer 

3420
02:55:00,900 --> 02:55:05,200
yoshitaka established a rhythm 
to his duties mornings began 

3421
02:55:05,200 --> 02:55:07,700
with sword practice. 
The ritualized forms that 

3422
02:55:07,700 --> 02:55:10,100
connected him to Kit generations
of Warriors. 

3423
02:55:10,100 --> 02:55:14,200
Past then came the 
administrative work inspections 

3424
02:55:14,200 --> 02:55:17,000
and the delicate balance of 
enforcing Authority while 

3425
02:55:17,000 --> 02:55:20,000
avoiding cruelty. 
He spent his evening studying 

3426
02:55:20,000 --> 02:55:23,900
Chinese Classics and calligraphy
skills expected of an educated 

3427
02:55:23,900 --> 02:55:26,600
Samurai but increasingly 
disconnected from his daily 

3428
02:55:26,600 --> 02:55:29,900
responsibilities. 
What historical accounts often 

3429
02:55:29,900 --> 02:55:31,400
overlooked was the profound 
isolation. 

3430
02:55:31,400 --> 02:55:35,000
Many Samurai experience. 
Friendship across class lines 

3431
02:55:35,000 --> 02:55:38,200
was impossible relationships 
with fellow Samurai, were 

3432
02:55:38,200 --> 02:55:40,900
infused with competition and 
even family, connections, 

3433
02:55:40,900 --> 02:55:44,600
remained formal, and reserved. 
When Yoshi's younger brother 

3434
02:55:44,600 --> 02:55:47,600
fell that summer their 
conversations remained stiffly, 

3435
02:55:47,600 --> 02:55:50,800
proper emotional restraint and 
another requirement of this 

3436
02:55:50,800 --> 02:55:54,700
station, my family will go 
hungry because your kind delays 

3437
02:55:54,700 --> 02:55:57,300
payment, the merchant hissed, 
quite enough. 

3438
02:55:57,300 --> 02:56:00,600
That only yoshitaka could hear 
your precious honor does not 

3439
02:56:00,600 --> 02:56:05,000
feed children that night 
yoshitaka wrote in his journal. 

3440
02:56:05,000 --> 02:56:07,800
About the incident questioning, 
the real meaning of Samurai 

3441
02:56:07,800 --> 02:56:11,300
honor Historical accounts often 
presented Bushido as a 

3442
02:56:11,300 --> 02:56:13,900
monolithic code. 
When in practice interpretations

3443
02:56:13,900 --> 02:56:17,700
varied, widely, Some Samurai 
emphasized, loyalty above all 

3444
02:56:17,700 --> 02:56:19,900
others. 
Prioritize righteousness or 

3445
02:56:19,900 --> 02:56:23,500
personal integrity. 
The ideal and reality seldom 

3446
02:56:23,500 --> 02:56:26,700
aligned neatly. 
The Edo sojourn also exposed 

3447
02:56:26,700 --> 02:56:29,800
yoshitaka to the concept of 
performance that dominated 

3448
02:56:29,800 --> 02:56:32,200
Samurai. 
Existence in public, they 

3449
02:56:32,200 --> 02:56:36,100
displayed unwavering stoicism 
and formality behind closed. 

3450
02:56:36,100 --> 02:56:37,900
Doors. 
Many individuals sought released

3451
02:56:37,900 --> 02:56:41,300
through drinking sake, engaging 
in Forbidden relationships with 

3452
02:56:41,300 --> 02:56:44,200
quarters and visiting, licensed 
pleasure districts. 

3453
02:56:45,000 --> 02:56:47,400
This Duality rigidly controlled 
public. 

3454
02:56:47,400 --> 02:56:51,400
Personas vs private desires 
created cycleogical burdens 

3455
02:56:51,400 --> 02:56:53,200
rarely acknowledged in official 
history. 

3456
02:56:54,700 --> 02:56:57,400
One evening assigned to a 
company, senior officials to 

3457
02:56:57,400 --> 02:56:59,500
yoshiwara. 
The famous pleasure District 

3458
02:56:59,500 --> 02:57:03,500
Yoshi, Toca witnessed respected,
Samurai engaging in behavior 

3459
02:57:03,500 --> 02:57:05,400
that contradicted, their daytime
dignity. 

3460
02:57:05,400 --> 02:57:09,700
The costs were exorbitant 
driving many deeper into debt. 

3461
02:57:09,700 --> 02:57:13,000
Yet social expectations made 
participation difficult to 

3462
02:57:13,000 --> 02:57:17,800
refuse This is all Duty slurred 
a senior retainer gesturing, 

3463
02:57:17,800 --> 02:57:20,900
broadly at the ornate tea house,
we demonstrate our Lord's 

3464
02:57:20,900 --> 02:57:26,200
prosperity and power even here. 
His Autumn deepened into winter 

3465
02:57:26,200 --> 02:57:29,900
tension, within the Entourage 
grew factional, rivalries 

3466
02:57:29,900 --> 02:57:33,200
surfaced, yoshitaka grew 
increasingly conscious that 

3467
02:57:33,200 --> 02:57:36,400
connections rather than 
competence determine the 

3468
02:57:36,408 --> 02:57:38,700
allocation of administrative 
positions. 

3469
02:57:38,700 --> 02:57:42,400
And the stipends, they commanded
his family lacked the necessary 

3470
02:57:42,400 --> 02:57:44,600
political influence to secure 
advantageous. 

3471
02:57:44,600 --> 02:57:49,700
Appointments spring 1643 brought
Yoshi's return to kanazawa. 

3472
02:57:49,700 --> 02:57:53,000
The seat of the cargo domain 
where the imposing Castle 

3473
02:57:53,000 --> 02:57:56,800
dominated, both the landscape 
and the samurai psyche, unlike 

3474
02:57:56,800 --> 02:58:00,200
romanticized depictions in later
art Castle life for Middle 

3475
02:58:00,200 --> 02:58:03,000
ranking Samurai like yoshitaka 
meant, cramped, quarters, 

3476
02:58:03,000 --> 02:58:06,500
constant scrutiny, an endemic 
political intrigue. 

3477
02:58:07,300 --> 02:58:09,300
The maida Clans administrative 
headquarters. 

3478
02:58:09,300 --> 02:58:12,400
Occupied the middle Bailey's of 
the castle where hundreds of 

3479
02:58:12,408 --> 02:58:15,800
Samurai managed, the domains of 
fairs yoshitaka had been 

3480
02:58:15,800 --> 02:58:17,200
reassigned to the finance 
office. 

3481
02:58:17,200 --> 02:58:20,600
A position that revealed the 
precarious economic foundations 

3482
02:58:20,600 --> 02:58:24,400
of Samurai life in Stark detail.
These ledgers tell the true 

3483
02:58:24,400 --> 02:58:28,200
story of our class explained 
Maury saiman yoshitaka Superior.

3484
02:58:29,000 --> 02:58:31,400
The illusion of Samurai 
Prosperity requires, 

3485
02:58:31,400 --> 02:58:33,100
increasingly Creative 
Accounting. 

3486
02:58:34,000 --> 02:58:36,200
The documents revealed systemic 
challenges. 

3487
02:58:37,000 --> 02:58:40,800
While Samurai stipends remained 
fixed in quantities of rice, the

3488
02:58:40,800 --> 02:58:43,800
cost of maintaining expected 
standards of living steadily 

3489
02:58:43,800 --> 02:58:45,900
increased compounding the 
problem. 

3490
02:58:45,900 --> 02:58:49,000
Many Samurai lacked practical 
skills for the supplementary 

3491
02:58:49,000 --> 02:58:52,000
income as trade and manual. 
Labor were considered beneath 

3492
02:58:52,000 --> 02:58:55,100
their dignity. 
My father died with 17 

3493
02:58:55,100 --> 02:58:58,500
outstanding loans, yoshitaka 
confessed, one evening as they 

3494
02:58:58,500 --> 02:59:01,000
worked late. 
I've managed to settle only 

3495
02:59:01,000 --> 02:59:03,700
three in the past year. 
Semen, nodded grimly. 

3496
02:59:04,700 --> 02:59:09,000
My situation differs only in the
number 22 loans spread across 

3497
02:59:09,000 --> 02:59:11,100
eight money lenders. 
The interest alone. 

3498
02:59:11,100 --> 02:59:16,300
Consumes a third of my stipend. 
This financial precariousness 

3499
02:59:16,300 --> 02:59:19,200
represented, one of the most 
persistent hardships of Samurai 

3500
02:59:19,200 --> 02:59:23,200
existence during the Edo period.
Historical records show that by 

3501
02:59:23,200 --> 02:59:27,100
the mid-17th century. 
Many Samurai household spent 80 

3502
02:59:27,100 --> 02:59:31,800
to 90% of their income Service 
in debt. the situation created a

3503
02:59:31,800 --> 02:59:35,300
paradoxical reality, legally 
privileged Warrior's, who were 

3504
02:59:35,308 --> 02:59:39,000
effectively indentured, to 
townspeople Merchants a dynamic 

3505
02:59:39,000 --> 02:59:42,900
that generated simmering 
resentment yoshitaka has daily 

3506
02:59:42,900 --> 02:59:46,300
routine reflected this 
contradiction Mornings began 

3507
02:59:46,300 --> 02:59:49,200
with martial training, 
maintaining skills for Wars that

3508
02:59:49,200 --> 02:59:51,100
never came. 
Followed by hours of 

3509
02:59:51,100 --> 02:59:53,600
administrative work that 
determined the actual value of 

3510
02:59:53,600 --> 02:59:56,200
his service. 
His education had emphasized 

3511
02:59:56,200 --> 02:59:59,500
classical Chinese, texts, and 
swordsmanship, yet his duties 

3512
02:59:59,500 --> 03:00:01,600
required accounting, knowledge 
and diplomatic skills. 

3513
03:00:01,600 --> 03:00:04,300
When interacting with wealthy 
merchants who pronounced domain 

3514
03:00:04,300 --> 03:00:07,800
projects, Living quarters in the
castle District, reinforced the 

3515
03:00:07,808 --> 03:00:11,300
rigid hierarchy, high-ranking 
officials occupied, spacious, 

3516
03:00:11,300 --> 03:00:14,300
compounds with Gardens and 
multiple buildings, middle 

3517
03:00:14,300 --> 03:00:16,400
ranking. 
Samurai like Yoshi taka's 

3518
03:00:16,400 --> 03:00:19,700
family, inhabited modest 
structures with thin walls and 

3519
03:00:19,700 --> 03:00:22,500
minimal privacy. 
Despite these material 

3520
03:00:22,500 --> 03:00:25,200
differences all were Bound by 
the same behavioral 

3521
03:00:25,200 --> 03:00:28,200
expectations, summer brought a 
personal challenge. 

3522
03:00:28,200 --> 03:00:31,400
That illuminated, another aspect
of Samurai hardship, the 

3523
03:00:31,400 --> 03:00:34,500
subordination of individual 
desire to family obligation. 

3524
03:00:35,800 --> 03:00:38,800
Yoshitaka had developed an 
attachment to asano Miyuki 

3525
03:00:38,800 --> 03:00:42,800
daughter of a fellow bureaucrat.
Their interactions limited to 

3526
03:00:42,800 --> 03:00:45,900
formal occasions and Charles 
encounters had revealed shared 

3527
03:00:45,900 --> 03:00:48,600
interests in poetry and similar 
perspectives on duty. 

3528
03:00:49,600 --> 03:00:52,100
A marriage Alliance has been 
arranged his mother announced 

3529
03:00:52,100 --> 03:00:55,800
without Preamble and evening. 
The hoshino family has a 

3530
03:00:55,808 --> 03:00:58,700
daughter of suitable age, their 
connection to the castle 

3531
03:00:58,700 --> 03:01:00,400
magistrate will benefit 
opposition. 

3532
03:01:01,500 --> 03:01:04,200
Personal preference held no 
weight against strategic family 

3533
03:01:04,200 --> 03:01:06,700
advancement. 
The emotional constraint 

3534
03:01:06,700 --> 03:01:09,700
required to accept such 
Arrangements represented another

3535
03:01:09,700 --> 03:01:12,300
form of discipline expected of 
the Samurai class. 

3536
03:01:13,200 --> 03:01:15,800
Historical records rarely 
captured these private 

3537
03:01:15,800 --> 03:01:19,400
sacrifices focusing instead on 
the more visible demonstrations 

3538
03:01:19,400 --> 03:01:21,700
of Samurai stoicism the 
marriage. 

3539
03:01:21,700 --> 03:01:25,000
Negotiations proceeded through 
formal intermediaries with 

3540
03:01:25,000 --> 03:01:27,500
yoshitaka and his intended 
hoshino. 

3541
03:01:27,500 --> 03:01:30,800
Masako meeting only once in a 
ritualized gathering before the 

3542
03:01:30,800 --> 03:01:34,300
agreement was finalized The 
financial Arrangements nearly 

3543
03:01:34,300 --> 03:01:37,200
depleted the family's resources 
as an appropriate true. 

3544
03:01:37,200 --> 03:01:40,000
So and ceremonial exchanges were
non-negotiable, social 

3545
03:01:40,000 --> 03:01:43,700
requirements, regardless of 
actual affordability He seems 

3546
03:01:43,700 --> 03:01:47,300
kind of offered your shot as 
brother Ichiro tempting comfort.

3547
03:01:48,100 --> 03:01:50,300
And the hoshino connection May 
secure your position. 

3548
03:01:50,300 --> 03:01:54,300
When administrative poster 
reassigned next year, The 

3549
03:01:54,300 --> 03:01:56,800
wedding itself held in late 
Autumn embodied. 

3550
03:01:56,800 --> 03:01:59,500
The understated aesthetic 
expected of Samurai. 

3551
03:01:59,500 --> 03:02:02,500
Ceremony is Unlike Merchant 
celebration with their 

3552
03:02:02,500 --> 03:02:06,500
conspicuous display Samurai, 
rituals emphasize restraint and 

3553
03:02:06,500 --> 03:02:09,100
tradition. 
The site where ritual, and 

3554
03:02:09,100 --> 03:02:12,500
exchange of vowels, lasted less 
than an hour with the bride and 

3555
03:02:12,500 --> 03:02:16,500
groom exchanging few words, 
Married life introduced 

3556
03:02:16,500 --> 03:02:19,000
yoshitaka to another dimension 
of Samurai hardship. 

3557
03:02:19,000 --> 03:02:22,000
The emotional austerity of 
family relationships. 

3558
03:02:22,600 --> 03:02:25,100
Public displays of affection 
were considered inappropriate 

3559
03:02:25,100 --> 03:02:28,900
with interactions governed by 
strict Protocols of respect and 

3560
03:02:28,900 --> 03:02:32,400
obligation. masako proved 
diligent in household management

3561
03:02:32,400 --> 03:02:35,400
and properly, differential in 
company, but the emotional 

3562
03:02:35,400 --> 03:02:39,500
distance between them remains 
substantial my mother served my 

3563
03:02:39,500 --> 03:02:43,200
father for 30 years Massacre 
explained when yoshitaka 

3564
03:02:43,200 --> 03:02:46,700
awkwardly attempted more 
personal conversation They 

3565
03:02:46,700 --> 03:02:50,100
exchanged perhaps 50 private 
conversations in all that time. 

3566
03:02:50,100 --> 03:02:54,400
This is our way. 
Winter brought another layer of 

3567
03:02:54,400 --> 03:02:56,400
challenge as illness. 
Swept through the castle. 

3568
03:02:56,400 --> 03:03:00,300
District the samurai emphasis on
stoicism often extended to 

3569
03:03:00,300 --> 03:03:04,000
physical discomfort with many 
delaying medical attention to 

3570
03:03:04,000 --> 03:03:07,200
avoid appearing weak. 
When yoshitaka developed a 

3571
03:03:07,208 --> 03:03:10,500
persistent coffin fever. 
He continued his duties until 

3572
03:03:10,500 --> 03:03:14,200
physically unable to stand The 
domain physician offered little 

3573
03:03:14,200 --> 03:03:17,200
effective treatment having been 
trained in traditional Chinese 

3574
03:03:17,200 --> 03:03:20,300
medicine and supplemented by 
limited Dutch medical knowledge 

3575
03:03:20,300 --> 03:03:24,100
obtained through Nagasaki. 
Balance must be restored between

3576
03:03:24,100 --> 03:03:26,000
your internal elements. 
He pronounced. 

3577
03:03:26,000 --> 03:03:29,600
Prescribing bitter, herbal 
concoctions and Moxie and 

3578
03:03:29,600 --> 03:03:32,400
treatments that left circular 
scars on your shoulder's back. 

3579
03:03:33,700 --> 03:03:37,300
Recovery, took weeks. 
During which yoshitaka observed,

3580
03:03:37,300 --> 03:03:39,600
another harsh reality. 
Illness. 

3581
03:03:39,600 --> 03:03:42,000
Brought neither reduced 
obligations nor Financial 

3582
03:03:42,000 --> 03:03:45,700
relief. 
The families expenses, continue 

3583
03:03:45,700 --> 03:03:49,200
unabated while his ability to 
perform, his duties was 

3584
03:03:49,200 --> 03:03:52,300
compromised. 
Only the intervention of his new

3585
03:03:52,300 --> 03:03:55,300
father-in-law prevented a 
reduction in his stipend during 

3586
03:03:55,300 --> 03:03:58,400
this period of reduced service. 
Summer brought a personal 

3587
03:03:58,400 --> 03:04:01,300
challenge, that illuminated, 
another aspect of Samurai 

3588
03:04:01,300 --> 03:04:04,500
hardship, the subordination of 
individual desire to family 

3589
03:04:04,500 --> 03:04:07,900
obligation. 
Yoshitaka had developed an 

3590
03:04:07,900 --> 03:04:11,300
attachment to Asuna yuuki 
daughter of a fellow bureaucrat.

3591
03:04:11,300 --> 03:04:15,000
Their interactions limited to 
formal occasions, and chanting 

3592
03:04:15,000 --> 03:04:18,300
counters had revealed shared 
interests in poetry and similar 

3593
03:04:18,300 --> 03:04:21,500
perspectives on duty. 
A marriage Alliance has been 

3594
03:04:21,500 --> 03:04:24,600
arranged, his mother announced 
without Preamble on evening. 

3595
03:04:25,400 --> 03:04:28,300
The hoshino family has a 
daughter of suitable age, their 

3596
03:04:28,300 --> 03:04:30,700
connection to the castle, 
magistrate will benefit our 

3597
03:04:30,700 --> 03:04:33,500
position. 
Personal preference held, no, 

3598
03:04:33,500 --> 03:04:35,300
wait against strategic family. 
Advancement. 

3599
03:04:35,300 --> 03:04:38,500
The emotional constraint 
required to accept such a 

3600
03:04:38,500 --> 03:04:41,900
rangements represented another 
form of discipline expected of 

3601
03:04:41,908 --> 03:04:45,500
the Samurai class. 
Historical records rarely 

3602
03:04:45,500 --> 03:04:48,700
captured these private 
sacrifices focusing instead on 

3603
03:04:48,700 --> 03:04:52,100
the more visible demonstrations 
of Samurai stoicism the 

3604
03:04:52,100 --> 03:04:53,900
marriage. 
Negotiations proceeded through 

3605
03:04:53,900 --> 03:04:57,300
formal intermediaries with 
yoshitaka and his intended 

3606
03:04:57,300 --> 03:05:00,400
hoshino. 
Masako meeting only once in a 

3607
03:05:00,400 --> 03:05:03,500
ritualized gathering before the 
agreement was finalized The 

3608
03:05:03,500 --> 03:05:06,400
financial Arrangements nearly 
depleted the family's resources 

3609
03:05:06,400 --> 03:05:09,600
as an appropriate trouser and 
ceremonial exchanges, were 

3610
03:05:09,600 --> 03:05:11,900
non-negotiable social 
requirements, regardless of 

3611
03:05:11,900 --> 03:05:16,100
actual affordability. 
He seems kind offered yoshitaka 

3612
03:05:16,100 --> 03:05:20,100
brother Ichiro tempting comfort 
and the hoshino connection May 

3613
03:05:20,100 --> 03:05:23,300
secure your position when 
administrative poster reassigned

3614
03:05:23,300 --> 03:05:26,300
next year. 
The wedding itself held in late 

3615
03:05:26,300 --> 03:05:28,800
Autumn embodied. 
The understated aesthetic 

3616
03:05:28,800 --> 03:05:32,900
expected of Samurai ceremony. 
Unlike Merchant celebrations 

3617
03:05:32,900 --> 03:05:36,600
with their conspicuous, display 
Samurai, rituals emphasized, 

3618
03:05:36,600 --> 03:05:39,700
restraint and tradition, the 
site sharing ritual, and 

3619
03:05:39,700 --> 03:05:43,200
exchange of vowels, lasted less 
than an hour with the bride and 

3620
03:05:43,200 --> 03:05:47,200
groom exchanging few words. 
Married life introduced 

3621
03:05:47,200 --> 03:05:49,600
yoshitaka to another dimension 
of Samurai hardship. 

3622
03:05:49,600 --> 03:05:53,600
The emotional sterility of 
family relationships, public 

3623
03:05:53,600 --> 03:05:56,500
displays of affection were 
considered inappropriate with 

3624
03:05:56,500 --> 03:05:59,400
interactions governed by strict 
Protocols of respect and 

3625
03:05:59,400 --> 03:06:03,000
obligation. masako, proved 
diligent in household management

3626
03:06:03,000 --> 03:06:06,100
and properly deferential in 
company, but the emotional 

3627
03:06:06,100 --> 03:06:10,100
distance between them remains 
substantial my mother served my 

3628
03:06:10,100 --> 03:06:13,900
father for 30 years, Moscow 
explained, when yoshitaka 

3629
03:06:13,900 --> 03:06:17,700
awkwardly attempted more 
personal conversation They 

3630
03:06:17,700 --> 03:06:20,800
exchanged perhaps 50 private 
conversations in all that time. 

3631
03:06:20,800 --> 03:06:25,100
This is our way. 
Winter brought another layer of 

3632
03:06:25,100 --> 03:06:27,100
challenges illness swept through
the castle. 

3633
03:06:27,100 --> 03:06:31,000
District the samurai emphasis on
stoicism, often extended to 

3634
03:06:31,000 --> 03:06:34,600
physical discomfort With many 
delaying medical attention to 

3635
03:06:34,600 --> 03:06:37,900
avoid appearing weak. 
When yoshitaka developed a 

3636
03:06:37,900 --> 03:06:41,100
persistent coffin fever. 
He continued his duties until 

3637
03:06:41,100 --> 03:06:44,900
physically unable to stand The 
domain physician offered little 

3638
03:06:44,900 --> 03:06:47,900
effective treatment having been 
trained in traditional Chinese 

3639
03:06:47,900 --> 03:06:51,000
medicine and supplemented by 
limited Dutch medical knowledge 

3640
03:06:51,000 --> 03:06:54,800
obtained through Nagasaki. 
Balance must be restored between

3641
03:06:54,800 --> 03:06:56,600
your internal elements. 
He pronounced. 

3642
03:06:56,600 --> 03:07:00,300
Prescribing bitter, herbal 
concoctions and Moxie and 

3643
03:07:00,300 --> 03:07:03,100
treatments that left circular 
scars on your shoulder's back. 

3644
03:07:04,500 --> 03:07:07,900
Recovery, took weeks. 
During which yoshitaka observed,

3645
03:07:07,900 --> 03:07:10,200
another harsh reality. 
Illness. 

3646
03:07:10,200 --> 03:07:12,500
Brought neither reduced 
obligations nor Financial 

3647
03:07:12,500 --> 03:07:15,900
relief. 
The family's expenses. 

3648
03:07:15,900 --> 03:07:19,800
Continue unabated while his 
ability to perform, his duties 

3649
03:07:19,800 --> 03:07:23,000
was compromised. 
Only the intervention of his new

3650
03:07:23,000 --> 03:07:25,900
father-in-law prevented a 
reduction in his stipend during 

3651
03:07:25,900 --> 03:07:29,900
this period of reduced service. 
Proceed carefully warned his 

3652
03:07:29,900 --> 03:07:31,700
father-in-law. 
These men have connections 

3653
03:07:31,700 --> 03:07:35,700
reaching to the dimes, in a 
Chambers truth and Justice may 

3654
03:07:35,700 --> 03:07:38,100
not protect you this 
represented. 

3655
03:07:38,100 --> 03:07:40,800
One of the most Insidious 
hardships of Samurai, existence,

3656
03:07:40,800 --> 03:07:44,300
the contradiction between 
idolized Bushido values, and 

3657
03:07:44,300 --> 03:07:47,500
institutional realities, The 
virtues of honesty, 

3658
03:07:47,500 --> 03:07:51,000
righteousness, and loyalty were 
extended official Doctrine yet 

3659
03:07:51,000 --> 03:07:52,800
frequently compromised in 
practice. 

3660
03:07:53,700 --> 03:07:56,300
Those who adhered to rigidly to 
principal often found their 

3661
03:07:56,300 --> 03:07:58,600
careers and sometimes lives cut 
short. 

3662
03:07:59,600 --> 03:08:02,600
As investigation confirmed, 
systematic, fraud. 

3663
03:08:03,300 --> 03:08:05,700
Rice, stipends allocated to 
Samurai, were being 

3664
03:08:05,700 --> 03:08:09,100
under-reported with the 
different sold at market prices 

3665
03:08:09,100 --> 03:08:11,800
and profits distributed among 
senior officials. 

3666
03:08:12,500 --> 03:08:15,800
The scheme had operated for 
years generating, substantial 

3667
03:08:15,800 --> 03:08:18,900
income for its participants 
while effectively reducing the 

3668
03:08:18,900 --> 03:08:21,400
real value of stipends for 
retainers. 

3669
03:08:22,400 --> 03:08:25,000
The evidence presented a moral 
dilemma, that exemplified the 

3670
03:08:25,000 --> 03:08:27,500
complex ethical landscape, 
Samurai navigated. 

3671
03:08:27,500 --> 03:08:31,000
Confrontation would likely end 
your shit as career and 

3672
03:08:31,000 --> 03:08:32,700
potentially harm his extended 
family. 

3673
03:08:33,600 --> 03:08:36,600
Complicity would violate his 
principles, but might position 

3674
03:08:36,600 --> 03:08:38,300
him to implement gradual 
reforms. 

3675
03:08:39,100 --> 03:08:42,200
There are many forms of Courage,
same, and advised when consulted

3676
03:08:42,200 --> 03:08:45,100
Battlefield. 
Valor requires only momentary 

3677
03:08:45,100 --> 03:08:47,600
resolve. 
Systemic reform demands 

3678
03:08:47,600 --> 03:08:49,500
patience, and strategic 
compromise. 

3679
03:08:50,500 --> 03:08:53,900
Yoshitaka chose a middle path, 
presenting his findings as 

3680
03:08:53,900 --> 03:08:56,900
administrative, inefficiencies 
rather than deliberate fraud. 

3681
03:08:57,800 --> 03:09:00,400
His recommendations included 
procedural changes that would 

3682
03:09:00,400 --> 03:09:03,400
make continued abuse more 
difficult without directly 

3683
03:09:03,400 --> 03:09:06,100
accusing. 
The perpetrators This approach 

3684
03:09:06,100 --> 03:09:09,000
reflected the reality that 
Samurai Justice operated through

3685
03:09:09,000 --> 03:09:11,400
indirect methods as often as 
confrontation. 

3686
03:09:11,400 --> 03:09:14,600
The resolution, brought limited 
reforms, but positioned 

3687
03:09:14,600 --> 03:09:18,000
yoshitaka as pragmatically. 
Trustworthy rather than down 

3688
03:09:18,000 --> 03:09:21,600
Dangerously principled. 
By late Autumn, he had been 

3689
03:09:21,600 --> 03:09:24,800
reassigned to the Castle's 
administrative officers, a 

3690
03:09:24,800 --> 03:09:27,200
lateral, move that removed him 
from direct oversight of the 

3691
03:09:27,200 --> 03:09:30,300
rice exchange, but maintained 
his State and stipend. 

3692
03:09:31,200 --> 03:09:34,400
This period brought personal 
challenges that highlighted the 

3693
03:09:34,400 --> 03:09:36,300
emotional austerity of Samurai 
life. 

3694
03:09:37,100 --> 03:09:40,200
His wife, masako suffered a 
miscarriage during her first 

3695
03:09:40,200 --> 03:09:42,000
pregnancy. 
A loss compounded by the 

3696
03:09:42,000 --> 03:09:45,700
cultural importance placed on 
producing male heirs The 

3697
03:09:45,700 --> 03:09:48,800
couple's grief remained largely 
unexpressed confined by 

3698
03:09:48,800 --> 03:09:52,500
expectations of stoicism and 
emotional restraint, the winter 

3699
03:09:52,500 --> 03:09:55,900
of 1646 brought political 
turmoil to The kargen Domain. 

3700
03:09:55,900 --> 03:09:59,400
Lord, Myers Health was failing 
and factions formed around 

3701
03:09:59,400 --> 03:10:03,300
potential successors for Middle 
ranking Samurai like yoshitaka 

3702
03:10:03,300 --> 03:10:06,000
such transitions represented 
periods of acute. 

3703
03:10:06,000 --> 03:10:09,500
Vulnerability as established 
patrons, might fall from favor 

3704
03:10:09,500 --> 03:10:12,200
and administrative positions be 
reassigned. 

3705
03:10:13,000 --> 03:10:16,000
Every succession is a quiet. 
Battlefield, observed. 

3706
03:10:16,000 --> 03:10:19,000
An elderly archivist as they 
reviewed historical records 

3707
03:10:19,000 --> 03:10:21,700
together. 
Lives and livelihoods are won or

3708
03:10:21,700 --> 03:10:23,700
lost without a single sword 
drawn. 

3709
03:10:25,000 --> 03:10:28,400
This reality, contradicted 
romantic notion of Samurai as 

3710
03:10:28,400 --> 03:10:30,700
Warriors, defined by martial 
prowess. 

3711
03:10:30,700 --> 03:10:34,600
During the Edo period, political
Acumen and network cultivation, 

3712
03:10:34,600 --> 03:10:37,200
determined advancement, far more
than combat skill. 

3713
03:10:38,000 --> 03:10:41,100
The truly harsh battles occurred
in council chambers and Castle 

3714
03:10:41,100 --> 03:10:44,400
corridors fort with carefully 
worded, memorandum and strategic

3715
03:10:44,400 --> 03:10:47,500
alliance's Yoshi, takas 
position, grew increasingly 

3716
03:10:47,500 --> 03:10:50,700
precarious as his father. 
In law fell ill removing a key 

3717
03:10:50,708 --> 03:10:53,700
source of protection. 
The faction associated with high

3718
03:10:53,700 --> 03:10:56,800
as she nobuyuki gained 
influence, yoshitaka found 

3719
03:10:56,800 --> 03:11:00,800
himself assigned to increase in 
marginal duties, a common tactic

3720
03:11:00,800 --> 03:11:03,400
to isolate officials without 
Kepler political Capital to 

3721
03:11:03,400 --> 03:11:07,700
resist. you investigate reports 
of unlicensed sake brewing in 

3722
03:11:07,700 --> 03:11:11,100
the Eastern Villages announced 
the magistrate an assignment 

3723
03:11:11,100 --> 03:11:14,600
clearly beneath Yoshi, Tucker's 
Rank and experience, the matter 

3724
03:11:14,600 --> 03:11:17,700
requires immediate attention, 
The deliberate. 

3725
03:11:17,700 --> 03:11:20,400
Slight required. 
Careful navigation, refusing. 

3726
03:11:20,400 --> 03:11:22,900
The assignment would provide 
justification for formal 

3727
03:11:22,900 --> 03:11:25,800
censure. 
Setting it passively would 

3728
03:11:25,800 --> 03:11:27,700
signal weakness and invite 
further. 

3729
03:11:27,700 --> 03:11:31,700
Marginalization Yoshitaka 
response, demonstrated, the 

3730
03:11:31,700 --> 03:11:35,800
subtle resistance techniques 
Samurai employed within rigid, 

3731
03:11:35,800 --> 03:11:39,200
hierarchical constraints. 
I'm honored by your confidence 

3732
03:11:39,200 --> 03:11:41,100
in a signing me this matter of 
domain Revenue. 

3733
03:11:41,100 --> 03:11:44,900
He replied riparo framing the 
punitive assignment as a 

3734
03:11:44,908 --> 03:11:47,400
financial tasks where the of 
serious attention. 

3735
03:11:48,300 --> 03:11:51,400
I shall provide a comprehensive 
analysis of sake, taxation 

3736
03:11:51,400 --> 03:11:55,800
opportunities in my report. 
This method taking on the task 

3737
03:11:55,800 --> 03:11:58,800
while changing its importance. 
Showed a clever way of working 

3738
03:11:58,800 --> 03:12:01,500
within the bureaucracy that is 
often overlooked in history 

3739
03:12:01,500 --> 03:12:04,300
which usually highlights more 
intense struggles. 

3740
03:12:05,300 --> 03:12:08,000
Similar technique allowed 
Samurai to maintain dignity and 

3741
03:12:08,000 --> 03:12:09,800
agency within oppressive power 
structures. 

3742
03:12:10,800 --> 03:12:13,600
The assignment took yoshitaka to
remote Villages during the 

3743
03:12:13,600 --> 03:12:16,900
harshest winter months. 
Travel conditions exposed 

3744
03:12:16,900 --> 03:12:20,400
another physical hardship of 
Samurai Duty, the requirement to

3745
03:12:20,400 --> 03:12:23,500
maintain dignity and Authority 
despite extreme discomfort. 

3746
03:12:24,200 --> 03:12:26,700
Proper appearance, remain 
non-negotiable, regardless of 

3747
03:12:26,700 --> 03:12:30,200
circumstances with full formal 
attire, required for the 

3748
03:12:30,200 --> 03:12:33,400
official functions even in 
bitter cold, or sweltering Heat.

3749
03:12:34,300 --> 03:12:37,500
In the village of miyagawa 
yoshitaka encountered a 

3750
03:12:37,500 --> 03:12:40,500
situation that exemplified the 
moral complexities of Samurai 

3751
03:12:40,500 --> 03:12:44,200
governance unlicensed, sake 
production, indeed flourished 

3752
03:12:44,200 --> 03:12:47,100
but investigation revealed. 
It had become an essential 

3753
03:12:47,100 --> 03:12:51,100
survival strategy, villagers 
exchanged homemade sake of 

3754
03:12:51,100 --> 03:12:53,600
vegetables, and fish protein 
with nearby communities, After 

3755
03:12:53,600 --> 03:12:57,200
official rice wreck positions, 
left them with inadequate Food 

3756
03:12:57,200 --> 03:12:59,700
Supplies. 
Without this exchange children 

3757
03:12:59,700 --> 03:13:02,600
would not survive, winter 
explained the village headmen 

3758
03:13:02,600 --> 03:13:05,000
kneeling formerly despite his 
obvious Terror at being 

3759
03:13:05,000 --> 03:13:08,000
discovered We preserved in 
enough rice for taxation. 

3760
03:13:08,000 --> 03:13:10,600
The rice is made from militant 
and other grains. 

3761
03:13:10,600 --> 03:13:14,700
The legal obligation was clear 
report the violation confiscated

3762
03:13:14,700 --> 03:13:17,100
equipment, and punished the head
man for failing to prevent the 

3763
03:13:17,100 --> 03:13:19,700
activity. 
Yet doing so would likely 

3764
03:13:19,700 --> 03:13:22,400
condemned families to 
malnutrition or worse? 

3765
03:13:23,200 --> 03:13:26,300
This tension between legal Duty 
and humanitarian concerns 

3766
03:13:26,300 --> 03:13:29,100
represented a recurring, dilemma
for conscientious officials, 

3767
03:13:29,100 --> 03:13:32,700
yoshitaka solution, demonstrated
the creative interpretation 

3768
03:13:32,700 --> 03:13:36,600
sometimes employed within rigid 
systems documented the sack of 

3769
03:13:36,600 --> 03:13:40,100
production, but classified it as
a medicinal preparation, rather 

3770
03:13:40,100 --> 03:13:43,300
than an alcoholic beverage, a 
technical distinction that 

3771
03:13:43,300 --> 03:13:45,300
placed it under different 
regulatory Frameworks. 

3772
03:13:45,300 --> 03:13:48,200
He then established a nominal 
licensing fee. 

3773
03:13:48,200 --> 03:13:51,500
That legitimized the practice 
while generating token revenue 

3774
03:13:51,500 --> 03:13:55,100
for the domain, You've neither 
violated the Lord's Lord or 

3775
03:13:55,100 --> 03:13:57,100
condemned. 
These people commented. 

3776
03:13:57,100 --> 03:14:00,000
His assistant impressed by the 
elegant compromise. 

3777
03:14:00,900 --> 03:14:04,000
But such Solutions make powerful
enemies when they circumvent 

3778
03:14:04,000 --> 03:14:07,800
expected Revenue. 
Indeed Upon returning to Canada 

3779
03:14:07,800 --> 03:14:10,500
in early spring. 
Yoshitaka found his position 

3780
03:14:10,500 --> 03:14:13,400
further, undermined. 
The documentation of his 

3781
03:14:13,400 --> 03:14:16,000
approach would be presented to 
senior officials as evidence of 

3782
03:14:16,000 --> 03:14:18,100
lenience incompatible with 
proper governance. 

3783
03:14:19,000 --> 03:14:21,900
With that formal accusation, 
which would require specific 

3784
03:14:21,900 --> 03:14:24,800
evidence of wrongdoing. 
He was instead reassigned to the

3785
03:14:24,800 --> 03:14:28,300
Castle's Armory a position that 
effectively removed him from 

3786
03:14:28,300 --> 03:14:31,300
administrative influence, the 
Armory assignment revealed, 

3787
03:14:31,300 --> 03:14:33,900
another dimension of Samurai 
life, often overlooked in 

3788
03:14:33,900 --> 03:14:36,300
dramatic accounts, the 
incredible tedium. 

3789
03:14:36,300 --> 03:14:40,600
That characterized much of their
daily existence Duties. 

3790
03:14:40,600 --> 03:14:43,500
Now involved, Inventory 
management of weapons, largely 

3791
03:14:43,500 --> 03:14:46,700
unused for Generations, 
maintaining meticulous records 

3792
03:14:46,700 --> 03:14:48,700
of items that would likely never
leave storage. 

3793
03:14:49,600 --> 03:14:52,800
We prepare for battles that will
never come noted, the elderly 

3794
03:14:52,800 --> 03:14:54,300
Samurai who supervised the 
armory. 

3795
03:14:55,000 --> 03:14:56,400
Yet. 
Neglecting Readiness would 

3796
03:14:56,400 --> 03:15:00,300
violate our fundamental purpose.
This is our peculiar burden. 

3797
03:15:01,300 --> 03:15:04,800
This observation captured a 
central paradoxes of Edo period.

3798
03:15:04,800 --> 03:15:07,700
Samurai identity, their 
theoretical function as 

3799
03:15:07,700 --> 03:15:10,600
Warriors, remained Central to 
their social position and 

3800
03:15:10,600 --> 03:15:14,100
self-conception yet. 
Practical circumstances rarely 

3801
03:15:14,100 --> 03:15:18,100
called for martial application. 
The cycle of this disconnect 

3802
03:15:18,100 --> 03:15:21,100
maintaining combat Readiness for
conflicts that peaceful 

3803
03:15:21,100 --> 03:15:24,800
governance, actively sought to 
prevent created a unique form of

3804
03:15:24,800 --> 03:15:28,600
existential strain. 
The positional so placed Yoshi 

3805
03:15:28,600 --> 03:15:31,000
taken near Lower, ranking, 
Samurai and foot soldiers. 

3806
03:15:31,000 --> 03:15:34,000
Whose economic circumstances 
were even more precarious than 

3807
03:15:34,000 --> 03:15:36,700
his own. 
These ashagari might have had 

3808
03:15:36,700 --> 03:15:38,800
Samurai status but lived in 
conditions. 

3809
03:15:38,800 --> 03:15:41,800
Barely distinguishable from 
peasants with stipends 

3810
03:15:41,800 --> 03:15:43,300
insufficient for basic 
necessities. 

3811
03:15:43,300 --> 03:15:46,900
My grandfather fought at second 
gahara with distinction, 

3812
03:15:46,900 --> 03:15:50,000
confided one such Soldier during
inventory work. 

3813
03:15:50,800 --> 03:15:53,300
Three generations later my 
children, go hungry. 

3814
03:15:53,300 --> 03:15:56,400
While I count, Spears and polish
armored that will never see 

3815
03:15:56,400 --> 03:15:59,200
combat. 
Some are brought further 

3816
03:15:59,200 --> 03:16:02,300
personal challenges when masako 
finally conceived, again, after 

3817
03:16:02,300 --> 03:16:06,100
several years of marriage, the 
joy was tempered by anxiety. 

3818
03:16:06,100 --> 03:16:09,300
The samurai, wives faced 
significant pressure to produce 

3819
03:16:09,300 --> 03:16:13,300
male heirs, Medical Care, 
remained primitive with high 

3820
03:16:13,300 --> 03:16:15,200
maternal and infant. 
Mortality rates even among 

3821
03:16:15,200 --> 03:16:18,700
privileged classes, yoshitaka 
circumstances changed 

3822
03:16:18,700 --> 03:16:24,000
dramatically in the Autumn of 
1647 his son takahiro was born 

3823
03:16:24,000 --> 03:16:27,700
healthy and eventus stabilized, 
his family position, despite his

3824
03:16:27,700 --> 03:16:31,000
political marginalization 
Lineage continuation 

3825
03:16:31,000 --> 03:16:34,400
represented, a fundamental 
obligation for filled with 

3826
03:16:34,400 --> 03:16:37,200
private family, records showing 
increased ceremonial 

3827
03:16:37,200 --> 03:16:40,600
expenditures celebrating the 
birth, despite their financial 

3828
03:16:40,600 --> 03:16:43,300
constraints. 
The name connection to our 

3829
03:16:43,300 --> 03:16:46,900
seventh generation, ancestor of 
his mother noted, a proving, 

3830
03:16:46,900 --> 03:16:50,000
when the naming ceremony was 
played this maintains proper 

3831
03:16:50,000 --> 03:16:52,400
respect while acknowledging our 
current circumstances. 

3832
03:16:53,500 --> 03:16:56,200
The birth coincided with the 
major political shift in the 

3833
03:16:56,200 --> 03:16:58,800
domain Lord. 
My dad died after a prolonged 

3834
03:16:58,808 --> 03:17:01,800
illness and his son assumed 
leadership amid factional 

3835
03:17:01,800 --> 03:17:04,500
maneuvering. 
Such transitions, typically, 

3836
03:17:04,500 --> 03:17:07,400
resulted in administrative, 
restructuring creating 

3837
03:17:07,400 --> 03:17:09,800
opportunities and dangers for 
officials throughout the 

3838
03:17:09,800 --> 03:17:12,700
hierarchy. 
What happened next Illustrated? 

3839
03:17:12,700 --> 03:17:15,700
The opaque mechanics of Samurai 
advancement that formal 

3840
03:17:15,700 --> 03:17:19,600
histories often sanitized 
Hayashi nobuyuki, who had 

3841
03:17:19,600 --> 03:17:21,100
previously marginalized 
yoshitaka? 

3842
03:17:21,100 --> 03:17:24,900
Found himself overextended 
infection politics, having 

3843
03:17:24,900 --> 03:17:28,300
Allied two openly with a losing 
faction Hayashi faced potential 

3844
03:17:28,300 --> 03:17:30,300
disgrace. 
But retained enough influence to

3845
03:17:30,300 --> 03:17:32,800
require, careful handling rather
than outright dismissal. 

3846
03:17:33,900 --> 03:17:36,900
You will be reinstated to 
administrative service the 

3847
03:17:36,900 --> 03:17:40,000
castle magistrate informed 
yoshitaka without explanation. 

3848
03:17:40,000 --> 03:17:43,600
The Northern District requires 
immediate attention, following 

3849
03:17:43,600 --> 03:17:47,500
irregularities in tax 
collection, Only later did 

3850
03:17:47,500 --> 03:17:49,100
yoshitaka learn the full 
context. 

3851
03:17:49,100 --> 03:17:51,900
He had been selected 
specifically, because of his 

3852
03:17:51,900 --> 03:17:55,300
previous conflict with Hayashi 
his assignment involved 

3853
03:17:55,300 --> 03:17:58,200
investigating administrative 
Region's previously, under high 

3854
03:17:58,200 --> 03:18:01,600
Ashish patronage with the 
unstated expectation that he 

3855
03:18:01,600 --> 03:18:04,700
would document in proprieties, 
that could justify further 

3856
03:18:04,700 --> 03:18:06,300
action against the declining 
official. 

3857
03:18:07,600 --> 03:18:11,500
This place yoshitaka in a common
Samurai dilemma and advancement 

3858
03:18:11,500 --> 03:18:14,300
opportunities frequently arose. 
Through morally, ambiguous 

3859
03:18:14,300 --> 03:18:16,800
circumstances. 
Conducting a genuine 

3860
03:18:16,800 --> 03:18:19,200
investigation would likely 
uncover actual misconduct. 

3861
03:18:19,200 --> 03:18:22,000
Yet the motivation behind his 
appointment was political 

3862
03:18:22,000 --> 03:18:24,700
Revenge rather than 
administrative integrity. 

3863
03:18:25,400 --> 03:18:27,200
Proceed with methodical 
correctness. 

3864
03:18:27,200 --> 03:18:30,200
Advised, his father-in-law now 
recovered and cautiously 

3865
03:18:30,200 --> 03:18:31,900
supportive. 
Document. 

3866
03:18:31,900 --> 03:18:35,100
What exists without excessive 
enthusiasm or reluctance? 

3867
03:18:35,100 --> 03:18:38,200
The facts will serve their 
purpose without your emotional 

3868
03:18:38,200 --> 03:18:40,900
involvement. 
The Northern District inspection

3869
03:18:40,900 --> 03:18:43,000
revealed, systematic abuses 
Village. 

3870
03:18:43,000 --> 03:18:45,500
Headmen had been pressured to 
report higher crop yields than 

3871
03:18:45,500 --> 03:18:48,700
actually harvested creating tax 
obligations that forced 

3872
03:18:48,700 --> 03:18:51,400
communities into debt with 
domain connected money lenders. 

3873
03:18:52,100 --> 03:18:55,100
The scheme generated substantial
revenue for its organizers, 

3874
03:18:55,100 --> 03:18:57,400
while technically maintaining 
official tax rates. 

3875
03:18:58,200 --> 03:19:00,900
Yoshitaka written report 
presented these findings with 

3876
03:19:00,900 --> 03:19:04,200
deliberate neutrality, 
documenting patterns without 

3877
03:19:04,200 --> 03:19:06,700
speculating on authorization or 
beneficiaries. 

3878
03:19:07,500 --> 03:19:10,300
This approach comprehensive in 
detail but a restraining 

3879
03:19:10,300 --> 03:19:13,700
conclusion, exemplified the 
careful documentation techniques

3880
03:19:13,700 --> 03:19:17,200
Samurai officials developed to 
navigate politically hazardous 

3881
03:19:17,200 --> 03:19:19,300
assignments. 
The reports consequences 

3882
03:19:19,300 --> 03:19:21,900
Illustrated, the often in direct
nature of Samurai. 

3883
03:19:21,900 --> 03:19:24,900
Power struggles. 
No direct accusations were made 

3884
03:19:24,900 --> 03:19:27,800
against Hayashi, but three of 
his principal Associates were 

3885
03:19:27,800 --> 03:19:32,300
reassigned to remote outposts. 
ayushi himself received health 

3886
03:19:32,300 --> 03:19:35,700
retirement that maintained his 
stipend and status while 

3887
03:19:35,700 --> 03:19:39,200
removing him from influence, a 
face-saving, Arrangement typical

3888
03:19:39,200 --> 03:19:42,000
of how samurai governments, 
managed, problematic officials 

3889
03:19:42,000 --> 03:19:46,000
to prominent for Public 
Disgrace, Yoshitaka handling of 

3890
03:19:46,000 --> 03:19:48,600
the investigation earned 
qualified approval from the new 

3891
03:19:48,600 --> 03:19:52,200
Administration. 
By early 1648, he had been 

3892
03:19:52,208 --> 03:19:54,500
appointed to a mid-level 
position in the Castle's 

3893
03:19:54,500 --> 03:19:57,500
Revenue, Office restored to 
administrative significance. 

3894
03:19:57,500 --> 03:20:00,900
But placed where his activities 
could be easily, monitored this 

3895
03:20:00,900 --> 03:20:03,900
period, coincided with 
domain-wide economic reforms 

3896
03:20:03,900 --> 03:20:07,000
that revealed broader structural
challenges, facing the samurai 

3897
03:20:07,000 --> 03:20:11,000
class. increased agricultural 
productivity had paradoxically 

3898
03:20:11,000 --> 03:20:14,900
reduced rice prices, decreasing 
the real value of fixed rights 

3899
03:20:14,900 --> 03:20:18,500
stipends, Simultaneously. 
The importation of luxury goods 

3900
03:20:18,500 --> 03:20:21,800
through Nagasaki increased 
living expenses for status. 

3901
03:20:21,800 --> 03:20:25,600
Conscious Samurai households, We
Face the contradiction of our 

3902
03:20:25,600 --> 03:20:28,500
position observed, a senior 
treasury official, during a 

3903
03:20:28,500 --> 03:20:31,600
private discussion. 
We require Merchant wealth to 

3904
03:20:31,608 --> 03:20:35,100
finance domain operations, yet, 
consider commercial activity 

3905
03:20:35,100 --> 03:20:37,700
beneath our dignity. 
We cannot sustain this 

3906
03:20:37,700 --> 03:20:41,900
separation in definitely. 
Some domains had begun allowing 

3907
03:20:41,900 --> 03:20:45,400
Samurai to engage in limited 
side occupations, paper making 

3908
03:20:45,400 --> 03:20:48,500
umbrella construction. 
Scholarly tutoring that preserve

3909
03:20:48,500 --> 03:20:50,000
dignity while supplementing 
income. 

3910
03:20:50,800 --> 03:20:54,300
Cargo remained conservative in 
this regard, maintaining strict 

3911
03:20:54,300 --> 03:20:57,100
class separation, the 
exacerbated Financial pressures 

3912
03:20:57,100 --> 03:21:00,400
on middle and lower ranking 
Samurai Yoshi's. 

3913
03:21:00,400 --> 03:21:03,300
Family adapted through careful 
economies that historical 

3914
03:21:03,300 --> 03:21:07,000
accounts rarely emphasize 
Massacre personally prepared. 

3915
03:21:07,000 --> 03:21:10,300
Simple meals, rather than 
employing additional servants. 

3916
03:21:11,000 --> 03:21:13,800
Traditional gift exchanges were 
fulfilled with elegant but 

3917
03:21:13,800 --> 03:21:16,200
inexpensive items. 
That prioritize tasteful 

3918
03:21:16,200 --> 03:21:18,100
presentation over intrinsic 
value. 

3919
03:21:18,800 --> 03:21:21,200
Family heirlooms were 
strategically pawns during 

3920
03:21:21,200 --> 03:21:24,700
Financial emergencies then 
redeemed when stipend payments 

3921
03:21:24,700 --> 03:21:27,500
arrived. 
The true skill of a samurai wife

3922
03:21:27,500 --> 03:21:29,900
is invisible accounting. 
Masako explained to a new 

3923
03:21:29,908 --> 03:21:31,800
daughter-in-law. 
Joining a neighboring household.

3924
03:21:32,600 --> 03:21:35,100
Maintaining appearance with 
minimal resources is our 

3925
03:21:35,100 --> 03:21:38,000
Battlefield. 
Summer, brought a crisis that 

3926
03:21:38,000 --> 03:21:40,400
tested your shit as 
understanding of Bushido, 

3927
03:21:40,400 --> 03:21:44,000
principles, his younger brother 
Ichiro, who had taken a position

3928
03:21:44,000 --> 03:21:47,200
with a different branch of the 
Maeda Clan became implicated in 

3929
03:21:47,200 --> 03:21:50,600
the gambling scandal. 
While technically legal in 

3930
03:21:50,600 --> 03:21:53,800
certain licensed venues gambling
represented a serious. 

3931
03:21:53,800 --> 03:21:56,700
Breach of Samurai dignity. 
Particularly when it led to 

3932
03:21:56,700 --> 03:22:00,400
death or association with 
questionable characters, the 

3933
03:22:00,400 --> 03:22:02,100
family. 
Ramifications were potentially 

3934
03:22:02,100 --> 03:22:05,200
severe Samurai households were 
considered, collectively 

3935
03:22:05,200 --> 03:22:08,400
responsible for members 
behavior, and disgrace could 

3936
03:22:08,400 --> 03:22:12,200
affect advancement prospects for
multiple Generations, historical

3937
03:22:12,200 --> 03:22:15,300
records, show numerous cases 
where entire branches of Samurai

3938
03:22:15,300 --> 03:22:18,000
families were downgraded in 
status due to individual 

3939
03:22:18,000 --> 03:22:20,900
misconduct. 
Claims innocence, but admits 

3940
03:22:20,900 --> 03:22:24,300
presence of the gambling house. 
Yoshi's mother reported after 

3941
03:22:24,300 --> 03:22:27,300
meeting privately, with each 
hero, The Establishment is known

3942
03:22:27,300 --> 03:22:30,200
to serve both Samurai and 
wealthy merchants another 

3943
03:22:30,200 --> 03:22:34,500
complication Investigating 
discreetly yoshitaka discovered,

3944
03:22:34,500 --> 03:22:38,300
a more complex situation. 
Ichiro had, indeed, visited the 

3945
03:22:38,300 --> 03:22:40,300
establishment. 
But primarily to monitor the 

3946
03:22:40,300 --> 03:22:43,300
activities of a senior official 
suspected of sharing sensitive 

3947
03:22:43,300 --> 03:22:46,900
domain information, with 
Merchant financiers, the 

3948
03:22:46,900 --> 03:22:49,600
gambling participation had been 
a cover for this unauthorized 

3949
03:22:49,600 --> 03:22:52,500
surveillance. 
I sought to protect our Lord's 

3950
03:22:52,500 --> 03:22:54,000
interests. 
It's your own sister. 

3951
03:22:54,000 --> 03:22:57,400
During a tense private meeting. 
If the information flow is 

3952
03:22:57,400 --> 03:22:59,800
confirmed. 
It constitutes a serious breach 

3953
03:22:59,800 --> 03:23:01,700
of loyalty, deserving official 
attention. 

3954
03:23:02,700 --> 03:23:05,600
The Dilemma exemplified the 
competing obligations that 

3955
03:23:05,600 --> 03:23:08,000
created moral complexity and 
Samurai life. 

3956
03:23:08,600 --> 03:23:11,000
Family loyalty demanded 
protecting its Euro from 

3957
03:23:11,000 --> 03:23:13,500
disgrace. 
Domain loyalty requires 

3958
03:23:13,500 --> 03:23:16,000
reporting potential, treasonous 
information sharing. 

3959
03:23:16,800 --> 03:23:20,500
Personal Integrity, necessitated
honest assessment of a rose. 

3960
03:23:20,500 --> 03:23:24,400
Actual involvement, no single 
principal provided clear guide 

3961
03:23:24,400 --> 03:23:28,000
and Yoshis family adapted 
through careful economies that 

3962
03:23:28,000 --> 03:23:31,800
historical accounts rarely 
emphasized Massacre personally 

3963
03:23:31,800 --> 03:23:33,900
prepared. 
Simple meals, rather than 

3964
03:23:33,900 --> 03:23:37,800
employing additional servants. 
Traditional gift exchanges were 

3965
03:23:37,800 --> 03:23:40,300
fulfilled with elegant, but 
inexpensive items that 

3966
03:23:40,300 --> 03:23:42,900
prioritized tasteful 
presentation over intrinsic 

3967
03:23:42,900 --> 03:23:45,300
value. 
Family heirlooms were 

3968
03:23:45,300 --> 03:23:48,300
strategically pawned during 
Financial emergencies then 

3969
03:23:48,300 --> 03:23:50,600
redeemed when stipend payments 
arrived. 

3970
03:23:51,300 --> 03:23:53,900
The true skill of a samurai wife
is invisible accounting. 

3971
03:23:53,900 --> 03:23:55,700
Masako explained to a new 
daughter-in-law. 

3972
03:23:55,700 --> 03:23:59,000
Joining a neighboring household.
Maintaining appearance with 

3973
03:23:59,000 --> 03:24:00,900
minimal resources is our 
Battlefield. 

3974
03:24:02,000 --> 03:24:05,000
Summer, brought a crisis that 
tested yoshida's, understanding 

3975
03:24:05,000 --> 03:24:08,800
of Bushido, principles, his 
younger brother Ichiro, who had 

3976
03:24:08,800 --> 03:24:10,900
taken a position with a 
different branch of the Maeda 

3977
03:24:10,900 --> 03:24:13,500
Clan became implicated in the 
gambling scandal. 

3978
03:24:14,700 --> 03:24:17,900
While technically legal in 
certain licensed venues gambling

3979
03:24:17,900 --> 03:24:20,400
represented a serious, breach of
Samurai dignity. 

3980
03:24:20,400 --> 03:24:24,100
Particularly when it led to debt
or association with questionable

3981
03:24:24,100 --> 03:24:26,900
characters. 
The family ramifications were 

3982
03:24:26,900 --> 03:24:29,500
potentially severe. 
Samurai households were 

3983
03:24:29,508 --> 03:24:31,800
considered, collectively 
responsible for members 

3984
03:24:31,800 --> 03:24:35,200
behavior, and disgrace could 
affect advancement prospects for

3985
03:24:35,200 --> 03:24:37,900
multiple Generations. 
Historical records. 

3986
03:24:37,900 --> 03:24:41,000
Show numerous cases where entire
branches of Samurai families 

3987
03:24:41,000 --> 03:24:43,800
were downgraded in status due to
individual misconduct. 

3988
03:24:44,900 --> 03:24:47,300
He claims innocence, but admits 
Presence at the gambling house. 

3989
03:24:47,300 --> 03:24:50,700
Yoshi's mother reported after 
meeting privately, with each 

3990
03:24:50,700 --> 03:24:53,900
hero, The Establishment is known
to serve both Samurai and 

3991
03:24:53,900 --> 03:24:58,100
wealthy merchants another 
complication Investigating 

3992
03:24:58,100 --> 03:25:00,900
discreetly yoshitaka discovered,
a more complex situation. 

3993
03:25:00,900 --> 03:25:04,100
Ichiro had, indeed, visited the 
establishment. 

3994
03:25:04,100 --> 03:25:07,100
But primarily to monitor the 
activities of a senior official 

3995
03:25:07,100 --> 03:25:10,100
suspected of sharing sensitive 
domain information, with 

3996
03:25:10,100 --> 03:25:13,600
Merchant financiers, the 
gambling participation had been 

3997
03:25:13,600 --> 03:25:15,300
a cover for this unauthorized 
surveillance. 

3998
03:25:16,400 --> 03:25:19,300
I sought to protect our Lord's 
interests at your own sister, 

3999
03:25:19,300 --> 03:25:22,600
during a tense private meeting. 
If the information flow is 

4000
03:25:22,600 --> 03:25:25,000
confirmed. 
It constitutes a serious breach 

4001
03:25:25,000 --> 03:25:26,900
of loyalty, deserving official 
attention. 

4002
03:25:28,000 --> 03:25:30,800
The Dilemma exemplified the 
competing obligations that 

4003
03:25:30,800 --> 03:25:33,200
created moral complexity and 
Samurai life. 

4004
03:25:33,900 --> 03:25:36,200
Family loyalty demanded 
protecting each Euro from 

4005
03:25:36,200 --> 03:25:38,800
disgrace. 
Domain loyalty requires 

4006
03:25:38,800 --> 03:25:41,300
reporting potential, treasonous 
information sharing. 

4007
03:25:42,100 --> 03:25:45,800
Personal Integrity necessitated 
honest assessment of a rose. 

4008
03:25:45,800 --> 03:25:49,700
Actual involvement, no single 
principle provided clear guide 

4009
03:25:49,700 --> 03:25:53,700
and this approach absorbing 
institutional failure personally

4010
03:25:53,700 --> 03:25:57,300
while addressing the specific 
problem, discreetly exemplified 

4011
03:25:57,300 --> 03:26:00,500
the Practical compromises that 
characterized effective Samurai 

4012
03:26:00,500 --> 03:26:04,000
Administration Historical 
accounts, often emphasized, the 

4013
03:26:04,000 --> 03:26:07,500
dramatic examples of officials 
committing seppuku over matters 

4014
03:26:07,500 --> 03:26:10,300
of principle, but daily 
governance more frequently 

4015
03:26:10,300 --> 03:26:12,000
involved. 
These nuanced, ethical 

4016
03:26:12,000 --> 03:26:15,800
calculations, the consequences 
were significant but measured 

4017
03:26:15,800 --> 03:26:19,200
yoshitaka received a formal 
reprimand and temporary. 

4018
03:26:19,200 --> 03:26:23,200
Stipend reduction, a substantial
financial hardship but not a 

4019
03:26:23,200 --> 03:26:26,100
career ending disgrace. 
The guilty official was 

4020
03:26:26,100 --> 03:26:29,000
reassigned to a remote post 
without explicit accusation. 

4021
03:26:29,900 --> 03:26:32,600
Face-saving Arrangement, that 
preserved family, honor while 

4022
03:26:32,600 --> 03:26:34,200
removing him from treasury 
access. 

4023
03:26:35,000 --> 03:26:36,700
You've gained and lost in equal 
measure. 

4024
03:26:36,700 --> 03:26:40,100
Observed OTA. 
Your reputation for solving 

4025
03:26:40,100 --> 03:26:41,700
problems without creating 
unnecessary. 

4026
03:26:41,700 --> 03:26:45,300
Disruption grows, while your 
reputation for strict protocol 

4027
03:26:45,300 --> 03:26:48,400
enforcement diminishes, both 
have value in different 

4028
03:26:48,400 --> 03:26:53,100
circumstances. 
By Spring of 1650, the immediate

4029
03:26:53,100 --> 03:26:56,000
crisis had passed, but the 
experience are deepened 

4030
03:26:56,000 --> 03:26:59,800
yoshitaka, understanding of 
Samurai Duty Beyond simplified 

4031
03:26:59,800 --> 03:27:03,000
moral Frameworks. 
Shishido principles taught to 

4032
03:27:03,000 --> 03:27:04,700
Children. 
Presented straightforward 

4033
03:27:04,700 --> 03:27:09,000
virtues, loyalty Integrity, 
courage and benevolence. 

4034
03:27:09,000 --> 03:27:12,600
Yet practical application 
required constant balancing of 

4035
03:27:12,600 --> 03:27:15,700
competing obligations and 
recognition of systemic 

4036
03:27:15,700 --> 03:27:19,100
limitations this period 
coincided with a personal 

4037
03:27:19,100 --> 03:27:21,700
Milestone, that further 
illuminated, the complex social 

4038
03:27:21,700 --> 03:27:23,900
expectations. 
Governing Samurai, existence 

4039
03:27:24,800 --> 03:27:27,700
Yoshitaka as mother passed away 
following a brief illness 

4040
03:27:27,700 --> 03:27:31,200
triggering elaborate morning. 
Protocols that strained Family 

4041
03:27:31,200 --> 03:27:34,400
Resources despite their 
emotionally necessary function. 

4042
03:27:35,400 --> 03:27:38,300
The funeral and Memorial 
observances must reflect her 

4043
03:27:38,300 --> 03:27:42,000
station and lineage insisted 
elderly relatives regardless of 

4044
03:27:42,000 --> 03:27:43,600
what Current financial 
circumstances. 

4045
03:27:45,100 --> 03:27:47,800
The death rituals revealed, 
another dimension of Samurai 

4046
03:27:47,800 --> 03:27:49,800
hardship. 
The requirement to maintain 

4047
03:27:49,800 --> 03:27:53,300
ceremonial propriety even during
periods of genuine grief. 

4048
03:27:54,200 --> 03:27:56,900
Yoshitaka organized, the 
appropriate Buddhist ceremonies 

4049
03:27:56,900 --> 03:28:00,100
and maintained ritualized 
mourning behaviors while 

4050
03:28:00,100 --> 03:28:02,900
continuing his administrative 
duties without interruption. 

4051
03:28:03,700 --> 03:28:06,400
Public displays of emotional 
distress would have violated 

4052
03:28:06,400 --> 03:28:10,700
class expectations of stoicism. 
By summer, a significant 

4053
03:28:10,700 --> 03:28:14,000
political reorganization 
created, unexpected opportunity.

4054
03:28:14,700 --> 03:28:17,700
The new dymo had observed 
administrative, inefficiencies 

4055
03:28:17,700 --> 03:28:20,200
and ordered restructuring of 
several key departments. 

4056
03:28:21,200 --> 03:28:24,100
Yoshitaka as reputation for 
effectively managing complex 

4057
03:28:24,100 --> 03:28:25,800
situations. 
Led to his appointment, 

4058
03:28:25,800 --> 03:28:27,800
overseeing agricultural 
development for the 

4059
03:28:27,800 --> 03:28:30,900
north-western region a 
substantial promotion that 

4060
03:28:30,900 --> 03:28:33,400
reflected the sometimes 
counterintuitive advancement 

4061
03:28:33,400 --> 03:28:37,300
patterns in Samurai bureaucracy.
Those who navigate difficulty 

4062
03:28:37,300 --> 03:28:40,600
intelligently become valuable 
during uncertainty explained 

4063
03:28:40,600 --> 03:28:42,100
OTA. 
When delivering news of the 

4064
03:28:42,100 --> 03:28:45,200
appointment, Your recent 
challenges demonstrated 

4065
03:28:45,200 --> 03:28:48,500
pragmatic judgment. 
This quality has been noted. 

4066
03:28:49,800 --> 03:28:52,300
The new position returned 
yoshitaka to rural 

4067
03:28:52,300 --> 03:28:55,200
Administration, but with greater
Authority and at a specific 

4068
03:28:55,200 --> 03:28:57,200
mandate to increase. 
Agricultural productivity 

4069
03:28:57,200 --> 03:28:59,200
through infrastructure 
Improvement. 

4070
03:28:59,200 --> 03:29:02,600
This assignment reflected the 
evolving nature of Samurai 

4071
03:29:02,600 --> 03:29:05,600
governance, during the mid Edo 
period, when technical knowledge

4072
03:29:05,600 --> 03:29:08,000
and development expertise, 
increasingly complimented, 

4073
03:29:08,000 --> 03:29:09,700
traditional administrative 
roles. 

4074
03:29:10,700 --> 03:29:14,000
Traveling through the region 
with agricultural Specialists 

4075
03:29:14,000 --> 03:29:17,100
yoshitaka encountered. 
Both the harsh realities of 

4076
03:29:17,100 --> 03:29:20,200
rural poverty, and surprising 
Innovations developed by 

4077
03:29:20,200 --> 03:29:21,100
farming. 
Communities. 

4078
03:29:21,100 --> 03:29:24,700
Traditional historical accounts,
often portrayed peasants as 

4079
03:29:24,700 --> 03:29:27,500
simple and unchanging. 
But yoshitaka discovered 

4080
03:29:27,500 --> 03:29:30,600
sophisticated water management 
techniques and crop rotation 

4081
03:29:30,600 --> 03:29:33,600
strategies developed through 
generations of practical. 

4082
03:29:33,600 --> 03:29:36,800
Experimentation Our 
grandfather's discovered that 

4083
03:29:36,800 --> 03:29:39,900
alternating these fields between
rice and soybeans increases 

4084
03:29:39,900 --> 03:29:43,500
yields for both explained and 
elderly farmer pointing to 

4085
03:29:43,500 --> 03:29:46,700
carefully maintained paddies. 
The land tells us what it needs 

4086
03:29:46,700 --> 03:29:50,000
if we observe carefully. 
Incorporating this local 

4087
03:29:50,000 --> 03:29:52,500
knowledge into domain 
development plans, represented a

4088
03:29:52,508 --> 03:29:54,600
progressive approach that 
balanced, traditional 

4089
03:29:54,600 --> 03:29:57,100
hierarchical Authority with 
practical effectiveness. 

4090
03:29:58,100 --> 03:30:00,900
Yoshi's reports emphasize 
collaboration with Village 

4091
03:30:00,900 --> 03:30:03,000
leadership, rather than imposed,
directive's. 

4092
03:30:03,000 --> 03:30:06,700
A methodology that generated 
resistance from tradition bound 

4093
03:30:06,700 --> 03:30:09,800
officials but support from the 
dimes Progressive advisors 

4094
03:30:10,500 --> 03:30:13,300
Autumn brought the construction 
of three new irrigation channels

4095
03:30:13,300 --> 03:30:16,600
that dramatically improved water
distribution to previously 

4096
03:30:16,600 --> 03:30:20,300
marginal farmland. 
The project success established 

4097
03:30:20,300 --> 03:30:23,600
yoshida's reputation as an 
effective administrator capable 

4098
03:30:23,600 --> 03:30:27,200
of achieving measurable results.
Secure enough in his authority 

4099
03:30:27,200 --> 03:30:30,000
to incorporate commoner 
knowledge without compromising 

4100
03:30:30,000 --> 03:30:32,400
Samurai dignity. 
This period also brought 

4101
03:30:32,400 --> 03:30:35,700
resolution to the long simmering
issue with his brother Ichiro. 

4102
03:30:36,400 --> 03:30:38,800
The senior official Ichiro been 
monitoring, was eventually 

4103
03:30:38,800 --> 03:30:41,300
discovered selling information 
to Merchants interests. 

4104
03:30:42,100 --> 03:30:45,500
Rather than pursue personal 
recognition Shiro arranged for 

4105
03:30:45,500 --> 03:30:47,900
his information to reach 
appropriate authorities through 

4106
03:30:47,900 --> 03:30:51,500
indirect channels protecting 
both family reputation and his 

4107
03:30:51,500 --> 03:30:54,900
position. the essence of 
effective service, sometimes 

4108
03:30:54,900 --> 03:30:58,600
requires remaining unseen it 
sure, explained during a rare 

4109
03:30:58,600 --> 03:31:02,000
private conversation between the
brothers Her name's Matt less 

4110
03:31:02,000 --> 03:31:03,800
than the domain stability and 
prosperity. 

4111
03:31:05,100 --> 03:31:08,000
This philosophy prioritizing 
effective, outcome of the 

4112
03:31:08,000 --> 03:31:10,900
personal recognition, 
represented, a mature, 

4113
03:31:10,900 --> 03:31:14,100
understanding of Samurai service
that transcended simplistic, 

4114
03:31:14,100 --> 03:31:16,300
Notions of Glory or individual 
honor. 

4115
03:31:16,300 --> 03:31:19,000
The brothers had arrived at 
similar conclusions through 

4116
03:31:19,000 --> 03:31:22,600
different paths, finding meaning
in contributing to societal 

4117
03:31:22,600 --> 03:31:24,400
function rather than personal 
advancement. 

4118
03:31:25,700 --> 03:31:29,100
As winter approached in 1650, 
yoshitaka reflected on his 

4119
03:31:29,100 --> 03:31:32,600
journey during a rare moment of 
leisure watching his son, 

4120
03:31:32,600 --> 03:31:35,300
practice calligraphy with 
increasingly confident brush 

4121
03:31:35,300 --> 03:31:38,500
Strokes. 
The harsh realities of Samurai, 

4122
03:31:38,500 --> 03:31:41,500
existence Financial, 
precariousness, political 

4123
03:31:41,500 --> 03:31:44,500
vulnerability, emotional 
constraint, and administrative 

4124
03:31:44,500 --> 03:31:46,700
complexity remained ever 
present. 

4125
03:31:47,400 --> 03:31:50,300
Yet, Within These constraints, 
he had found purpose in 

4126
03:31:50,300 --> 03:31:53,500
navigating complexity with 
integrity and contributing to 

4127
03:31:53,500 --> 03:31:55,900
genuine Improvement within an 
imperfect system. 

4128
03:31:57,000 --> 03:31:59,900
The Way of the Samurai is found 
in death, stated the famous 

4129
03:31:59,900 --> 03:32:03,300
opening line of hagari. 
The influential Samurai techs 

4130
03:32:03,300 --> 03:32:07,000
that would be written decades 
later yet Yoshi's experience. 

4131
03:32:07,000 --> 03:32:10,700
Suggested a more nuanced truth 
that the essence of Samurai 

4132
03:32:10,700 --> 03:32:13,600
identity lay not in dramatic 
moments of sacrifice. 

4133
03:32:13,600 --> 03:32:16,300
But in the sustained discipline 
of balancing competing 

4134
03:32:16,300 --> 03:32:20,400
obligations maintaining dignity 
amid limitation and finding 

4135
03:32:20,400 --> 03:32:22,800
meaning in service that 
transcended personal 

4136
03:32:22,800 --> 03:32:25,700
circumstance. 
The plum trees in the garden had

4137
03:32:25,700 --> 03:32:28,800
survived another year their 
nulled branches preparing. 

4138
03:32:28,800 --> 03:32:31,300
For spring blossoms, that 
yoshitaka might or might not 

4139
03:32:31,300 --> 03:32:34,200
Witness. 
Like countless Samurai before 

4140
03:32:34,200 --> 03:32:37,600
and after him, he had found his 
path, not in Battlefield Glory, 

4141
03:32:37,600 --> 03:32:41,600
but in the quieter courage of 
everyday Duty, the unvarnished 

4142
03:32:41,600 --> 03:32:44,600
reality, behind the Romantic 
myths, that would eventually 

4143
03:32:44,600 --> 03:32:48,700
round his Vanishing class. 
We will never know the Horizon 

4144
03:32:48,700 --> 03:32:51,900
of what is life continued to be 
but it was already a harsh 

4145
03:32:51,900 --> 03:32:59,400
timeline. 
Antoinette poisson destined to 

4146
03:32:59,408 --> 03:33:03,000
become the immortal, Madame de 
pompadour arrived in a Paris. 

4147
03:33:03,000 --> 03:33:04,500
That was both glittering and 
precarious. 

4148
03:33:04,500 --> 03:33:09,800
Born on December the 29th 1721. 
She occupied a curious social 

4149
03:33:09,800 --> 03:33:13,700
limbo, her father, Francois 
poisson drifted in and out of 

4150
03:33:13,708 --> 03:33:16,100
business success. 
While her mother Louise 

4151
03:33:16,100 --> 03:33:19,400
Madeleine De La Motte cultivated
ties among bankers and courtiers

4152
03:33:19,400 --> 03:33:23,000
rumors insinuated that Jan's 
true, father might be a wealthy 

4153
03:33:23,000 --> 03:33:28,000
financier the normal torn him, 
Whispers, aside from infancy, 

4154
03:33:28,000 --> 03:33:31,400
she received an education, far 
above what most middle-class 

4155
03:33:31,400 --> 03:33:34,700
girls could dream of learning, 
not only to read and write, but 

4156
03:33:34,700 --> 03:33:38,700
also to dance, sing and 
appreciate the subtlety of wit 

4157
03:33:38,700 --> 03:33:40,300
skills. 
That would later prove 

4158
03:33:40,300 --> 03:33:43,400
invaluable, Her mother 
cherished, a prophecy from a 

4159
03:33:43,400 --> 03:33:45,800
fortune teller, who claimed Jen 
would someday rule? 

4160
03:33:45,800 --> 03:33:49,500
The heart of a king store? 
This prophecy, half in jest, 

4161
03:33:49,500 --> 03:33:53,200
guided her mother's Ambitions, 
she introduced Jan to private 

4162
03:33:53,200 --> 03:33:56,000
tutors, who were immersed, the 
girl in the nuances of theater 

4163
03:33:56,000 --> 03:33:59,900
music and the refined manners of
Parisian salons. 

4164
03:34:00,800 --> 03:34:04,100
Child became Adept at reciting 
verses, Buy Racine or playing, 

4165
03:34:04,100 --> 03:34:07,100
harpsichord preludes. 
People teased that she might 

4166
03:34:07,100 --> 03:34:09,200
become a minor actress in the 
city's. 

4167
03:34:09,200 --> 03:34:14,500
Comedic troops, instead fate had
something grander in store, at 

4168
03:34:14,500 --> 03:34:17,800
age, 9 Gene was placed briefly 
in the Earthly in Convent to 

4169
03:34:17,800 --> 03:34:20,700
polish her moral upbringing, 
Though, the real impetus behind 

4170
03:34:20,700 --> 03:34:23,000
this stay was to Shield her from
a smallpox outbreak. 

4171
03:34:24,000 --> 03:34:28,600
There in a stark room with stone
floors, she first confronted the

4172
03:34:28,600 --> 03:34:31,600
gulf between the chair of 
drawing room society, and The 

4173
03:34:31,600 --> 03:34:33,600
Bleak realities of illness and 
mortality. 

4174
03:34:34,700 --> 03:34:38,000
She survived with her health 
intact returning to secular 

4175
03:34:38,000 --> 03:34:41,100
forceful Life With A Renewed 
sense of carpe diem. 

4176
03:34:41,900 --> 03:34:45,500
Her mother's Circle had not 
diminished on the contrary, they

4177
03:34:45,500 --> 03:34:48,400
believe Jan's brush with 
potential tragedy demanded that 

4178
03:34:48,400 --> 03:34:50,800
she enjoyed the world's 
Pleasures with heightened. 

4179
03:34:50,800 --> 03:34:55,500
Urgently Adolescents, she graced
the occasional Suarez. 

4180
03:34:56,300 --> 03:35:01,300
Her presence glowed, large 
expressive eyes a lively 

4181
03:35:01,300 --> 03:35:04,100
intelligent and a measured 
confidence that the lied. 

4182
03:35:04,100 --> 03:35:06,800
Her youth one had to be careful 
though. 

4183
03:35:06,800 --> 03:35:09,300
Ambition in a woman could be 
ridiculed or scorned. 

4184
03:35:10,100 --> 03:35:13,700
So xan, cultivated and outward. 
Modesty letting her talents 

4185
03:35:13,700 --> 03:35:17,500
speak softly. 
Through the dynamic swirl of 

4186
03:35:17,500 --> 03:35:19,300
paris's, Hope Bourgeois 
Gatherings. 

4187
03:35:19,300 --> 03:35:22,300
She eventually met Charles 
Guillaume Loma Dettol. 

4188
03:35:22,300 --> 03:35:26,100
A relative of her rumored 
Patron, father, this connection 

4189
03:35:26,100 --> 03:35:28,000
sparked talk of a suitable 
marriage. 

4190
03:35:28,900 --> 03:35:30,900
The match appealed to her 
mother, who hoped it would 

4191
03:35:30,900 --> 03:35:34,600
secure Jan's future? 
For her part jeans or in Charles

4192
03:35:34,608 --> 03:35:36,600
a kind soul, if not a blazing 
passion. 

4193
03:35:37,500 --> 03:35:40,800
The Union in 1741 launched her 
into a comfortable life of 

4194
03:35:40,800 --> 03:35:44,200
receptions and Mild amusements 
on their estate near Paris. 

4195
03:35:44,200 --> 03:35:47,000
Yet the city's gravitational 
pull was strong. 

4196
03:35:47,000 --> 03:35:50,000
Jen received numerous 
invitations to select 

4197
03:35:50,000 --> 03:35:52,700
aristocratic cells. 
As people quickly noticed her 

4198
03:35:52,700 --> 03:35:56,500
wit in conversation, She did not
shy it from discussing art or 

4199
03:35:56,500 --> 03:35:59,800
drama North from gently. 
Critiquing certain aspects of 

4200
03:35:59,800 --> 03:36:03,500
courtly extravagance, that 
slight dash of candle balanced 

4201
03:36:03,500 --> 03:36:05,900
by charm. 
Distinguished her from the 

4202
03:36:05,900 --> 03:36:09,500
endless, parade of stiff 
self-conscious, ladies within 

4203
03:36:09,500 --> 03:36:14,300
months word spread, there is a 
madame detail, whose presence of

4204
03:36:14,300 --> 03:36:17,400
any Gathering. 
The competitor for Pierre 

4205
03:36:17,400 --> 03:36:21,200
introduced her to more exclusive
circles culminating in an 

4206
03:36:21,200 --> 03:36:25,200
opportunity to attend a masked 
ball at Versailles in 1745 

4207
03:36:25,200 --> 03:36:28,500
celebrating. 
The marriage of the Doha there 

4208
03:36:28,500 --> 03:36:32,100
among a crush of masked 
revelers, she caught the eye of 

4209
03:36:32,108 --> 03:36:35,900
King Louis of the 15th. 
The king reticent by nature 

4210
03:36:35,900 --> 03:36:39,400
found in her, a refreshing 
mixture of Grace and candle. 

4211
03:36:39,400 --> 03:36:42,700
While elaborate intrigues 
swirled around him, this 

4212
03:36:42,700 --> 03:36:46,500
newcomer radiated sincerity, 
their brief conversation that 

4213
03:36:46,508 --> 03:36:49,300
evening was filled with an 
electricity that neither of them

4214
03:36:49,300 --> 03:36:53,200
could forget caught Watchers 
speculated, but none predicted 

4215
03:36:53,200 --> 03:36:54,700
how swift the next moves would 
be. 

4216
03:36:55,500 --> 03:36:59,800
Madame Dettol was known naive 
Maiden, she recognized the risk 

4217
03:36:59,800 --> 03:37:03,600
of courting Royal attention. 
The previous Royal favorite, The

4218
03:37:03,600 --> 03:37:07,400
Duchess to Chateau had. 
Recently died leaving an 

4219
03:37:07,400 --> 03:37:10,600
emotional Gap, in the King's 
life, Yet stepping into that 

4220
03:37:10,600 --> 03:37:14,100
void threatened Scandal, 
especially for a woman not of 

4221
03:37:14,100 --> 03:37:17,100
noble birth. 
Still from behind her. 

4222
03:37:17,100 --> 03:37:20,600
Modulated Smiles, Jean sense, 
Destiny aligning. 

4223
03:37:21,500 --> 03:37:23,200
The prophecy. 
Her mother wants whispered 

4224
03:37:23,200 --> 03:37:25,900
returned to mine. 
She would rule the heart of a 

4225
03:37:25,900 --> 03:37:28,600
king. 
She recognized that in a rigidly

4226
03:37:28,600 --> 03:37:32,400
stratified Society, becoming the
king's Confidant, might be her 

4227
03:37:32,400 --> 03:37:37,100
only path to real influence. 
By the Year's End, a plan was 

4228
03:37:37,100 --> 03:37:39,100
set in motion. 
The Kings Valley. 

4229
03:37:39,100 --> 03:37:42,500
Discreetly arranged, a meeting 
under the veil of secrecy, they 

4230
03:37:42,500 --> 03:37:45,700
exchanged letters. 
Her husband, outraged found 

4231
03:37:45,700 --> 03:37:48,700
himself powerless, the monarchy,
overshadowed personal protest. 

4232
03:37:49,600 --> 03:37:53,400
In March 1745. 
Louis the 15th arranged for her 

4233
03:37:53,400 --> 03:37:55,000
to be presented at court 
formerly. 

4234
03:37:55,000 --> 03:37:58,600
The once lower Bourgeois, 
Janelle twinette, was granted a 

4235
03:37:58,600 --> 03:38:02,700
title Marquis De pompadour. 
It was a moment of metamorphosis

4236
03:38:02,700 --> 03:38:06,000
the fatherless child, the teased
girl, who studied the great 

4237
03:38:06,000 --> 03:38:08,300
playwrights. 
Now, stepped onto the grand 

4238
03:38:08,300 --> 03:38:11,000
stage of Versailles. 
The next decade would see her 

4239
03:38:11,000 --> 03:38:14,600
orchestrate art, patronage 
political alliances and shape 

4240
03:38:14,600 --> 03:38:18,800
the monarchies image yet behind 
the Gilded stereos a swirl of 

4241
03:38:18,800 --> 03:38:22,200
jealousy rumor and heartbreak 
would dog her steps. 

4242
03:38:22,800 --> 03:38:26,200
For now though, she embraced her
new name, Madame, de pompadour 

4243
03:38:26,200 --> 03:38:29,700
and prepared to navigate, the 
Labyrinth of Royal favour in 

4244
03:38:29,700 --> 03:38:34,200
1745 when Jan Antoinette poisson
made her debut as the newly 

4245
03:38:34,200 --> 03:38:36,500
minted, Marquis De pomper door 
at Versailles. 

4246
03:38:36,500 --> 03:38:40,500
The Gilded corridors were filled
with admiration, she became the 

4247
03:38:40,500 --> 03:38:42,800
first Bourgeois. 
Mistress to receive open 

4248
03:38:42,800 --> 03:38:46,500
recognition from a French King 
elegant, but not aristocratic 

4249
03:38:46,500 --> 03:38:50,300
her every move Drew scrutiny. 
Enemies whispered that she had 

4250
03:38:50,300 --> 03:38:53,600
Bewitched Louis the 15th, 
others, admired, her graceful 

4251
03:38:53,600 --> 03:38:57,300
bearing praising her Flawless 
manners, and a cultivated charm 

4252
03:38:57,300 --> 03:38:59,500
that overshadowed even 
established duchesses. 

4253
03:39:00,400 --> 03:39:03,100
The king himself, displayed 
uncharacteristic devotion 

4254
03:39:03,100 --> 03:39:06,800
summoning her for private 
suppers parading her at formal 

4255
03:39:06,800 --> 03:39:08,600
events and awarding her lavish 
apartments. 

4256
03:39:08,600 --> 03:39:12,900
In the palace, Versailles was a 
realm of Illusions behind 

4257
03:39:12,900 --> 03:39:16,300
mirrored halls and Polished 
marbles like Cutthroat rivalries

4258
03:39:16,300 --> 03:39:21,000
the courtiers ephemeral in their
silks and powdered wigs circled 

4259
03:39:21,000 --> 03:39:24,000
Madame, de pompadour like 
vultures some attempted 

4260
03:39:24,000 --> 03:39:26,700
flattery, showering, her with 
compliments in hopes of winning 

4261
03:39:26,700 --> 03:39:29,300
her intercession with the King, 
others. 

4262
03:39:29,300 --> 03:39:32,500
Plotted to throw her fearing, 
that her influence might reshape

4263
03:39:32,500 --> 03:39:35,700
politics among these. 
Conspirators was the dolphin 

4264
03:39:35,700 --> 03:39:38,100
Circle. 
Along with older aristocratic 

4265
03:39:38,100 --> 03:39:40,000
families. 
Who scorned mere commoner 

4266
03:39:40,000 --> 03:39:43,200
overshadowing them yet. 
Madame de pompadour remained 

4267
03:39:43,200 --> 03:39:45,700
unfazed. 
She had honed her social 

4268
03:39:45,700 --> 03:39:48,900
instincts in the Bourgeois 
salons and her intellect soared 

4269
03:39:48,900 --> 03:39:52,200
Beyond Miracle tree. 
She recognized that the surest 

4270
03:39:52,200 --> 03:39:55,200
path to security was to make a 
self indispensable to Louis, the

4271
03:39:55,200 --> 03:39:58,200
15th, not merely as a bedfellow,
but as a confidant. 

4272
03:39:59,200 --> 03:40:01,300
Counselor an orchestrator of 
cultural life. 

4273
03:40:02,100 --> 03:40:05,000
She set about renovating her 
living quarters pointing them 

4274
03:40:05,000 --> 03:40:08,500
with Sumptuous tapestries, 
elegant, furniture and curated 

4275
03:40:08,500 --> 03:40:10,700
artworks. 
The effort wasn't me a 

4276
03:40:10,700 --> 03:40:13,400
self-indulgent. 
It mirrored her ambition to make

4277
03:40:13,400 --> 03:40:15,800
Versailles a beacon of refined 
taste. 

4278
03:40:16,700 --> 03:40:18,600
She championed the Rococo 
aesthetic. 

4279
03:40:19,200 --> 03:40:23,000
Style that favored. 
Playful curves, pastel Hughes 

4280
03:40:23,000 --> 03:40:27,500
and Whimsical motifs under her 
patronage artists like Boucher 

4281
03:40:27,500 --> 03:40:29,400
and Van Loo gained commissions 
for witty. 

4282
03:40:29,400 --> 03:40:32,700
Lighthearted paintings. 
Porcelain from the several 

4283
03:40:32,700 --> 03:40:35,600
Factory which she helped develop
became a symbol of French 

4284
03:40:35,600 --> 03:40:37,700
craftsmanship prized across 
Europe. 

4285
03:40:38,500 --> 03:40:41,300
The Synergy of her aesthetic 
sense with the monarchy's 

4286
03:40:41,300 --> 03:40:43,800
resources birth. 
And an era in which the French 

4287
03:40:43,800 --> 03:40:47,400
Court style reigned Supreme 
among Europe's Elites But 

4288
03:40:47,400 --> 03:40:50,100
Madame, de pompadour, did not 
confine herself to the Arts. 

4289
03:40:50,100 --> 03:40:53,000
She also recognized the 
intricacies of diplomacy. 

4290
03:40:53,800 --> 03:40:56,900
France teetered between 
alliance's with Spain, Austria, 

4291
03:40:56,900 --> 03:41:00,200
another Powers. 
Meanwhile rival Britain loomed 

4292
03:41:00,200 --> 03:41:02,600
across the channel. 
Its Navy menacing French, 

4293
03:41:02,600 --> 03:41:05,300
Colonial interests. 
Louis the 15th though. 

4294
03:41:05,300 --> 03:41:09,200
Well intentioned often avoided 
direct policy making retreating 

4295
03:41:09,200 --> 03:41:10,800
to hunting or private 
amusements. 

4296
03:41:10,800 --> 03:41:14,000
Pompadour stepped into that 
vacuum forging ties with 

4297
03:41:14,000 --> 03:41:16,800
ministers and ambassadors. 
She guided the choice of the 

4298
03:41:16,800 --> 03:41:20,100
foreign minister favored, 
certain generals and mediated 

4299
03:41:20,100 --> 03:41:22,600
tensions at home critics 
scorned. 

4300
03:41:22,600 --> 03:41:25,400
The idea of a woman controlling 
foreign policy, she brushed 

4301
03:41:25,400 --> 03:41:28,600
aside their division focusing on
forging alliances that might 

4302
03:41:28,600 --> 03:41:32,500
bring stability. 
The 1756 diplomatic Revolution, 

4303
03:41:32,500 --> 03:41:36,000
aligning France with Austria 
bore her fingerprints. 

4304
03:41:36,900 --> 03:41:39,600
Although the subsequent Seven 
Years War turned disastrous for 

4305
03:41:39,600 --> 03:41:41,500
France. 
One cannot dismiss her attempt 

4306
03:41:41,500 --> 03:41:45,000
to recalibrate alliances in a 
fracturing Europe as mistress. 

4307
03:41:45,000 --> 03:41:48,000
She also faced the vulnerability
that her bedroom role might 

4308
03:41:48,000 --> 03:41:50,800
wane. 
Louis the 15th known for a 

4309
03:41:50,800 --> 03:41:53,800
roving, I could have set her 
aside once novelty faded. 

4310
03:41:53,800 --> 03:41:57,000
She addressed that possibility 
head on by establishing a deeper

4311
03:41:57,000 --> 03:41:59,700
emotional bond with him. 
She cultivated a warm 

4312
03:41:59,708 --> 03:42:02,100
companionship shared 
intellectual Pursuits. 

4313
03:42:02,100 --> 03:42:05,900
And even managed his anxiety or 
indecision in state matters, 

4314
03:42:05,900 --> 03:42:09,900
aware that physical intimacy 
might receive she pivoted to 

4315
03:42:09,900 --> 03:42:13,500
become his loyal friend advising
on matters, ranging from 

4316
03:42:13,500 --> 03:42:15,500
building projects to Royal 
ceremony. 

4317
03:42:16,400 --> 03:42:19,200
Over time, though, the Romantic 
spark diminished. 

4318
03:42:20,000 --> 03:42:21,400
The emotional closeness, 
lingard. 

4319
03:42:22,300 --> 03:42:25,800
If gossip circulated that her 
sexual influence at ended, she 

4320
03:42:25,800 --> 03:42:30,000
retained the king's trusting her
place as a fixture at a quart. 

4321
03:42:30,900 --> 03:42:34,600
Amid the courts swirling in 
tree's pompadours championed 

4322
03:42:34,600 --> 03:42:38,400
philosophers and writers 
Voltaire previously scorned at 

4323
03:42:38,400 --> 03:42:43,000
Versailles founded in her a rare
Ally, she admired his wit and 

4324
03:42:43,000 --> 03:42:45,400
the cautious about Herbert Lee 
challenging the church or 

4325
03:42:45,400 --> 03:42:47,600
censorship she quietly 
facilitated. 

4326
03:42:47,600 --> 03:42:51,800
His projects did DeRozan cloppy 
a compendium that threatened the

4327
03:42:51,800 --> 03:42:56,100
old guard with new ideas in 
directly from her protective 

4328
03:42:56,100 --> 03:42:58,800
stance. 
She believed that the monarchy 

4329
03:42:58,800 --> 03:43:01,000
could remain stable while 
fostering Progressive, thought 

4330
03:43:01,000 --> 03:43:05,500
an irony, perhaps, given that 
future, revolutionaries Drew on 

4331
03:43:05,500 --> 03:43:08,000
such Enlightenment Works to 
question Royal Authority. 

4332
03:43:08,700 --> 03:43:12,400
For her part pompadours or no 
contradiction, she wanted a 

4333
03:43:12,400 --> 03:43:14,800
monarchy Polished by reason and 
aesthetic Brilliance. 

4334
03:43:14,800 --> 03:43:17,800
Not a stagnant Relic in the 
shadows health. 

4335
03:43:17,800 --> 03:43:21,200
Concerns began plaguing her, she
suffered from bouts of illness, 

4336
03:43:21,200 --> 03:43:25,300
like the exacerbated, by stress.
The palace doctors incompetent 

4337
03:43:25,300 --> 03:43:28,400
by the modern standards, offered
only bleeding or tonics. 

4338
03:43:29,100 --> 03:43:32,100
He pressed on orchestrating 
plays hosting literary salons, 

4339
03:43:32,100 --> 03:43:34,100
and continuing to count the 
king. 

4340
03:43:35,200 --> 03:43:38,700
The year 7507 brought a narrow 
brush with death for Louie. 

4341
03:43:38,700 --> 03:43:41,000
The 15th. 
Which consisted of an 

4342
03:43:41,000 --> 03:43:44,100
assassination attempt by 
Damian's, which rattled the 

4343
03:43:44,100 --> 03:43:47,900
monarchy. 
Pompadours unwavering presence 

4344
03:43:47,900 --> 03:43:50,500
urging calm and punishing 
conspirators. 

4345
03:43:50,500 --> 03:43:53,400
Further. 
Solidified her position she had 

4346
03:43:53,400 --> 03:43:55,500
become more than a mistress or a
decorative figure. 

4347
03:43:55,500 --> 03:43:59,700
She was the monarchies anchor of
continuity, bridging personal 

4348
03:43:59,700 --> 03:44:02,300
comfort for the king and the 
broader cultural identity of the

4349
03:44:02,300 --> 03:44:05,600
era despite swirling rumor and 
envy. 

4350
03:44:05,600 --> 03:44:09,200
She pressed on aware that her 
star might dim at any moment. 

4351
03:44:09,200 --> 03:44:11,900
But determined to leave a 
luminous mark on France's 

4352
03:44:11,900 --> 03:44:13,300
cultural and political 
landscape. 

4353
03:44:14,000 --> 03:44:18,500
Has the 1750s advanced Madame de
pompadours Role in Versailles 

4354
03:44:18,500 --> 03:44:21,100
crystallized. 
She reigned as an unmatched 

4355
03:44:21,100 --> 03:44:24,400
patroness of the Arts, ensuring 
that the palace no longer served

4356
03:44:24,400 --> 03:44:26,500
solely as a symbol of absolute 
monarchy. 

4357
03:44:26,500 --> 03:44:30,600
But also as a stage for Creative
brilliance, She championed 

4358
03:44:30,600 --> 03:44:33,700
painters like Francois Boucher, 
whose pastoral scenes and 

4359
03:44:33,700 --> 03:44:35,700
playful mythologies perfectly 
suited. 

4360
03:44:35,700 --> 03:44:38,900
The Rocker co-star pompadour 
adored through her influence, 

4361
03:44:38,900 --> 03:44:41,900
tapestry, workshops in Beauvais,
and goblins, reached New, 

4362
03:44:41,900 --> 03:44:45,100
Heights, weaving, dreamlike 
Landscapes, that Grace royal 

4363
03:44:45,100 --> 03:44:48,600
salons yet, her Artistry 
extended Beyond commissions. 

4364
03:44:48,600 --> 03:44:52,300
She personally oversaw color 
schemes, interior, decorations, 

4365
03:44:52,300 --> 03:44:56,600
and table settings for State. 
Banquets In an age, when women's

4366
03:44:56,600 --> 03:44:59,100
influence was often restricted 
to the domestic sphere, 

4367
03:44:59,100 --> 03:45:02,500
pompadour turned domestic 
Aesthetics into a grand cultural

4368
03:45:02,500 --> 03:45:04,600
statement. 
Simultaneously. 

4369
03:45:04,600 --> 03:45:07,800
She strengthened ties with 
intellectuals, a secret 

4370
03:45:07,800 --> 03:45:11,300
exchangers of letters with 
Voltaire stand out though she 

4371
03:45:11,308 --> 03:45:14,200
never fully endorsed his more 
radical critiques of religion or

4372
03:45:14,200 --> 03:45:18,000
monarchy She appreciated his wit
and recognized the advantage of 

4373
03:45:18,000 --> 03:45:19,500
having a famous pain on her 
side. 

4374
03:45:19,500 --> 03:45:23,300
The philosopher invade her 
proximity to power while she 

4375
03:45:23,300 --> 03:45:24,600
admired his intellectual 
boldness. 

4376
03:45:25,700 --> 03:45:28,400
Tail say she even facilitated 
voltaire's appointment as 

4377
03:45:28,400 --> 03:45:30,700
historiographer to Louis the 
15th, though. 

4378
03:45:30,700 --> 03:45:34,700
Discreetly them all to avoid, 
conservatives accusing her of 

4379
03:45:34,700 --> 03:45:38,100
promoting subversive ideas. 
She tread more carefully when 

4380
03:45:38,100 --> 03:45:41,600
dealing with diderot. 
The encyclopedie tested the 

4381
03:45:41,600 --> 03:45:44,200
monarchy's tolerance so 
pompadour approached its 

4382
03:45:44,200 --> 03:45:47,500
controversies with caution 
ensuring that while sensors 

4383
03:45:47,500 --> 03:45:49,300
barked. 
They rarely bit too deep. 

4384
03:45:50,200 --> 03:45:53,600
She saw France's future in a 
delicate balance in enlightened 

4385
03:45:53,600 --> 03:45:56,900
thinking, might modernize the 
monarchy, but unbridled 

4386
03:45:56,900 --> 03:45:58,700
criticism could incite 
Rebellion. 

4387
03:45:59,400 --> 03:46:02,900
Her relationship with the King 
evolved in tandem the early 

4388
03:46:02,900 --> 03:46:06,000
romantic further had called 
replaced by an affectionate 

4389
03:46:06,000 --> 03:46:08,800
friendship. 
Some courtiers quietly mocked 

4390
03:46:08,800 --> 03:46:12,000
that she no longer shared the 
Royal bed but had become 

4391
03:46:12,000 --> 03:46:15,000
headmistress of culture. 
Others believed she retained 

4392
03:46:15,000 --> 03:46:19,100
intangible, intimacy beyond the 
Physical Realm, that anchored 

4393
03:46:19,100 --> 03:46:22,300
the king's Trust. 
She became the caretaker of his 

4394
03:46:22,300 --> 03:46:25,400
emotional well-being scheduling 
amusements to lighten his 

4395
03:46:25,400 --> 03:46:28,300
melancholic moods. 
She also shielded him from 

4396
03:46:28,300 --> 03:46:31,000
certain Noble factions who 
stoked Conflict for personal 

4397
03:46:31,000 --> 03:46:33,700
gain. 
If the king found more fleeting 

4398
03:46:33,700 --> 03:46:38,100
conquests Madame, de pompadour, 
rarely intervene focusing on 

4399
03:46:38,100 --> 03:46:41,800
preserving her unique Bond. 
She possessed a surprising 

4400
03:46:41,800 --> 03:46:45,500
Serenity, underpinned by the 
conviction that her Mastery of 

4401
03:46:45,508 --> 03:46:49,000
conversation, taste and 
sincerity kept her 

4402
03:46:49,000 --> 03:46:51,900
indispensable. 
However, the Seven Years War 

4403
03:46:51,900 --> 03:46:56,700
erupting in 1756 tested her 
position, the war, pitted 

4404
03:46:56,700 --> 03:47:00,000
France, against Britain Prussia 
and other shifting alliances 

4405
03:47:00,000 --> 03:47:03,900
many pointed at her, for the 
Diplomatic Revolution alliances 

4406
03:47:03,900 --> 03:47:06,900
that had France supporting 
Austria, the war's initial 

4407
03:47:06,900 --> 03:47:08,400
campaigns went poorly for 
France. 

4408
03:47:08,400 --> 03:47:11,700
Specially overseas, where 
British Fleet seized French 

4409
03:47:11,700 --> 03:47:16,100
colonies at home, taxes soared 
to fund failing armies and the 

4410
03:47:16,100 --> 03:47:19,700
populist grew restive rival, 
courtiers pinned, blame on 

4411
03:47:19,700 --> 03:47:23,100
pompadour accusing her of 
amateur interference. 

4412
03:47:23,100 --> 03:47:27,500
In Grand strategy, pamphleteers 
circulated, nasty character's 

4413
03:47:27,500 --> 03:47:30,900
depicting her in Throne pulling 
puppet strings while generals 

4414
03:47:30,900 --> 03:47:34,300
countdown. 
She responded calmly urging the 

4415
03:47:34,300 --> 03:47:37,100
king to replace incompetent 
ministers and reorganized 

4416
03:47:37,100 --> 03:47:41,000
Finance, is that morale was low.
The humiliation on the 

4417
03:47:41,000 --> 03:47:44,300
battlefield tarnished, both the 
monarchies image and her own. 

4418
03:47:45,200 --> 03:47:48,700
In this crisis, she allied with 
the Duke Deshler a capable 

4419
03:47:48,700 --> 03:47:51,900
Statesman, who shared her vision
of stabilizing foreign policy 

4420
03:47:51,900 --> 03:47:54,500
together. 
They reformed, the Navy tried to

4421
03:47:54,500 --> 03:47:56,500
unify command and pursued new 
loans. 

4422
03:47:56,500 --> 03:47:59,900
The results took time these 
measures slowed, the Hemorrhage 

4423
03:47:59,900 --> 03:48:02,500
of French fortunes. 
Meanwhile, she commissioned 

4424
03:48:02,500 --> 03:48:05,700
elaborate stage entertainments 
within Versailles to maintain a 

4425
03:48:05,700 --> 03:48:09,700
veneer of opulence, hoping that 
even as the war, raged the court

4426
03:48:09,700 --> 03:48:12,100
sense of refinement, Might 
soothe the king's anxieties 

4427
03:48:12,900 --> 03:48:16,100
Critics referred to her. 
As frivolous yet she steadfastly

4428
03:48:16,100 --> 03:48:18,700
maintained that if the monarchy 
seemed to crumble from within 

4429
03:48:18,700 --> 03:48:21,300
the entire nation could become 
disheartened. 

4430
03:48:21,300 --> 03:48:24,600
Rumors swirled that she 
occasionally wept in private, at

4431
03:48:24,600 --> 03:48:27,800
the walls mounting casualties 
feeling guilt for the Diplomatic

4432
03:48:27,800 --> 03:48:29,300
shifts. 
That had set off the conflicts 

4433
03:48:29,300 --> 03:48:32,200
chain of events. 
Others insisted her tears were 

4434
03:48:32,200 --> 03:48:34,000
for the loss of her own 
political clout. 

4435
03:48:34,700 --> 03:48:37,700
The truth, likely combine. 
These facets as a woman 

4436
03:48:37,700 --> 03:48:39,800
possessing more influence than 
many Statesmen. 

4437
03:48:39,800 --> 03:48:41,900
She carried a heavy burden of 
accountability. 

4438
03:48:41,900 --> 03:48:46,300
Nonetheless, she pressed on with
unwavering composure, greeting 

4439
03:48:46,300 --> 03:48:48,700
ambassadors. 
Politely offering them, the best

4440
03:48:48,700 --> 03:48:52,300
French wines and deflecting 
barbs about lost battles with 

4441
03:48:52,300 --> 03:48:55,200
the impeccable politeness of a 
Hostess who would not let Gloom 

4442
03:48:55,200 --> 03:48:58,700
overshadow, the monarchy's 
Majesty, all the, while a health

4443
03:48:58,700 --> 03:49:02,500
trade, she suffered from 
frequent migraines, respiratory 

4444
03:49:02,500 --> 03:49:05,300
infections, and perhaps, the 
early signs of tuberculosis, 

4445
03:49:05,300 --> 03:49:09,100
their size is damp corridors and
unpredictable weather. 

4446
03:49:09,100 --> 03:49:11,800
Hardly helped yet to preserve 
Her Image. 

4447
03:49:11,800 --> 03:49:15,400
She rarely admitted weakness 
continuing to preside over 

4448
03:49:15,400 --> 03:49:19,000
official gatherings, in 
Sumptuous gowns, a faint smile 

4449
03:49:19,000 --> 03:49:21,900
on her lips. 
She confided in a small circle 

4450
03:49:21,900 --> 03:49:24,500
noting that though, her body 
felt battered. 

4451
03:49:25,200 --> 03:49:28,500
A spirit remained fiery, she was
known naive on Juneau, she 

4452
03:49:28,500 --> 03:49:30,900
recognized that. 
If her health collapsed, her 

4453
03:49:30,900 --> 03:49:34,100
enemies would swoop in 
reconfiguring the monarchy 

4454
03:49:34,100 --> 03:49:36,800
circle of favorites. 
She needed to maintain her 

4455
03:49:36,800 --> 03:49:39,900
integrity at least in public to 
prevent the flame of her 

4456
03:49:39,900 --> 03:49:42,900
Ambitions from fading. 
As the war continued into the 

4457
03:49:42,908 --> 03:49:46,800
early 1760s, the reputation of 
Madame de pompadour began to 

4458
03:49:46,800 --> 03:49:50,000
fade due to her. 
Numerous defeats many corners of

4459
03:49:50,000 --> 03:49:53,800
their Sai whispered that the 
monarchy needed skate goat for 

4460
03:49:53,800 --> 03:49:57,200
the lost battles and distant 
lands, like the humiliation in 

4461
03:49:57,200 --> 03:49:59,800
India, and Canada, and who 
better to blame than the 

4462
03:49:59,800 --> 03:50:01,900
Bourgeois mysterious turned 
State's woman. 

4463
03:50:02,900 --> 03:50:06,400
Meanwhile King Louis. 
The 15th had grown more taciturn

4464
03:50:06,400 --> 03:50:09,900
burdened by Gloom as reports 
from the front lines, showcased 

4465
03:50:09,900 --> 03:50:13,000
it Fiasco. 
After Fiasco pompadour though 

4466
03:50:13,000 --> 03:50:16,400
refused to retreat Into 
Obscurity, she believed her 

4467
03:50:16,400 --> 03:50:19,000
cultural Legacy. 
If not her foreign policies 

4468
03:50:19,000 --> 03:50:23,100
might get Salvage, her name in 
history, she threw herself into 

4469
03:50:23,100 --> 03:50:26,100
Grand architectural projects. 
The petty Trianon. 

4470
03:50:26,100 --> 03:50:29,100
For instance took shape as a 
small shadow in the palace's 

4471
03:50:29,100 --> 03:50:31,800
grounds. 
Officially, it was an expression

4472
03:50:31,800 --> 03:50:36,100
of refined tastes and embodiment
of the new neoclassical style 

4473
03:50:36,100 --> 03:50:40,600
that was edging out Rococo. 
Flamboyance Pompadour championed

4474
03:50:40,600 --> 03:50:43,400
this shift, instructing 
Architects to favor Clarity 

4475
03:50:43,400 --> 03:50:48,800
portion and a gentle grandeur. 
She oversaw landscaping and 

4476
03:50:48,800 --> 03:50:51,400
sharing the gardens offered a 
tranquil Retreat, from their 

4477
03:50:51,400 --> 03:50:54,700
size, stifling pomp. 
Those some courtiers mocked the 

4478
03:50:54,708 --> 03:50:57,800
expense amid a draining War, she
defended it, as fostering 

4479
03:50:57,800 --> 03:51:02,000
National Artistry in Crosman 
indeed, her unwavering support 

4480
03:51:02,000 --> 03:51:05,800
for several porcelain. 
Three Weavers and furniture 

4481
03:51:05,800 --> 03:51:09,200
makers kept them afloat, despite
war-induced Financial crises 

4482
03:51:09,200 --> 03:51:12,400
these actions, ironically 
preserved, France's Global 

4483
03:51:12,400 --> 03:51:16,400
reputation for luxury goods. 
Even as military fortunes waned,

4484
03:51:16,400 --> 03:51:19,600
a more private Pastime was her 
encouragement of scientific 

4485
03:51:19,600 --> 03:51:22,500
curiosity. 
She facilitated Gatherings where

4486
03:51:22,500 --> 03:51:25,500
mathematicians and natural 
philosophers demonstrated the 

4487
03:51:25,500 --> 03:51:30,000
latest theories on electricity 
or the Cosmos on rare nights. 

4488
03:51:30,000 --> 03:51:33,900
The king himself might wander in
feigning mild interest while she

4489
03:51:33,900 --> 03:51:35,700
asked pointed. 
Questions about planetary, 

4490
03:51:35,700 --> 03:51:37,500
orbits or experimental 
Contraptions. 

4491
03:51:37,500 --> 03:51:40,800
If Summit Court, founded absurd,
for a mistress to delve into 

4492
03:51:40,808 --> 03:51:43,000
science. 
She responded with an elegant 

4493
03:51:43,000 --> 03:51:46,500
shrug Beauty. 
She believed encompassed 

4494
03:51:46,500 --> 03:51:49,100
knowledge too though. 
Never an Enlightenment radical. 

4495
03:51:49,100 --> 03:51:51,000
She saw. 
No harm in letting conversation 

4496
03:51:51,000 --> 03:51:54,400
roam Beyond strict Orthodoxy 
provided it didn't undermine 

4497
03:51:54,400 --> 03:51:57,100
monarchy or faith. 
At her private dinners. 

4498
03:51:57,100 --> 03:51:59,100
One might overhear discussion of
Newton. 

4499
03:51:59,100 --> 03:52:02,600
Echoes of voltaire's praise for 
Newtonian physics and 

4500
03:52:02,600 --> 03:52:05,700
speculations about whether the 
cosmos reflected God's Grandeur 

4501
03:52:05,700 --> 03:52:09,100
or reasons Supremacy. 
Despite this glow of 

4502
03:52:09,100 --> 03:52:13,400
intellectual patronage. 
The war pounded on culminating 

4503
03:52:13,400 --> 03:52:17,600
in the Treaty of Paris 1763, 
which sealed France's losses 

4504
03:52:17,600 --> 03:52:20,400
overseas, the king's morale sank
further. 

4505
03:52:20,400 --> 03:52:24,200
As did public opinion of the 
monarchy executor offers had 

4506
03:52:24,200 --> 03:52:27,000
been gutted complicating. 
The monarchies ability to 

4507
03:52:27,000 --> 03:52:31,600
placate on rest at home. 
The Marquis faced renewed calls 

4508
03:52:31,600 --> 03:52:34,200
from influential dukes and 
princes to step aside. 

4509
03:52:35,000 --> 03:52:38,300
But each time Louis the 15th 
reaffirmed, her presence. 

4510
03:52:39,200 --> 03:52:42,000
telling critics quietly that her
loyalty and Council were more 

4511
03:52:42,000 --> 03:52:45,600
precious than ephemeral 
scapegoats even so her influence

4512
03:52:45,600 --> 03:52:49,100
on foreign or Economic Policy 
receded somewhat Seeding space 

4513
03:52:49,100 --> 03:52:50,700
to ministers, like the Duke 
Deshler. 

4514
03:52:51,700 --> 03:52:54,400
She recognized that sometimes 
stepping back could preserve her

4515
03:52:54,400 --> 03:52:57,000
position in a monarchy grown 
suspicious of overreach. 

4516
03:52:57,800 --> 03:53:00,900
Her personal life, took a 
Bittersweet turn as well while 

4517
03:53:00,900 --> 03:53:03,800
she and Louis, the 15th, parted 
physically, there are emotional 

4518
03:53:03,800 --> 03:53:07,400
bond in endured she oversaw some
discreet new favorite for the 

4519
03:53:07,400 --> 03:53:09,200
king. 
Ensuring they remained 

4520
03:53:09,200 --> 03:53:12,500
overshadowed by her. 
She in emotional role this 

4521
03:53:12,500 --> 03:53:15,900
Arrangement caused outward 
Scandal like a mistress who 

4522
03:53:15,900 --> 03:53:18,900
arranged lesser Mistresses for 
the king to her. 

4523
03:53:18,900 --> 03:53:21,300
It was a strategy to maintain 
Unity. 

4524
03:53:21,300 --> 03:53:23,900
She avoided Illusions about 
romance. 

4525
03:53:23,900 --> 03:53:27,500
She valued the monarchy 
stability, her safety, and the 

4526
03:53:27,500 --> 03:53:31,100
King's contentment courteous who
smelled hypocrisy could do 

4527
03:53:31,100 --> 03:53:35,300
little bit Whisperer. 
Meanwhile exhaustion nodded her,

4528
03:53:35,300 --> 03:53:39,400
her health demands sword, she 
sought cures in Mineral baths 

4529
03:53:39,400 --> 03:53:43,500
sojourns to Fresh country air or
quack potions that times. 

4530
03:53:43,500 --> 03:53:47,100
She coughed blood, a dire sign. 
Doctors pleaded with her to 

4531
03:53:47,100 --> 03:53:50,800
relinquish intense Court duties,
she demurred worried. 

4532
03:53:50,800 --> 03:53:53,900
The vacuum might invite her 
enemies to Corner the King on 

4533
03:53:53,900 --> 03:53:56,900
good days, she could host a 
modest dinner, entertaining 

4534
03:53:56,900 --> 03:54:00,800
ambassadors with Ryan anecdotes 
about cultural Trifles on 

4535
03:54:00,800 --> 03:54:03,200
terrible days. 
She lay bed ridden, instructing,

4536
03:54:03,200 --> 03:54:07,800
maids to deliver urgent messages
to or from the king's cabinet 

4537
03:54:07,800 --> 03:54:11,100
rumors circulated that she might
not outlive the decade. 

4538
03:54:11,900 --> 03:54:13,700
Some courtiers rejoiced in that 
possibility. 

4539
03:54:15,200 --> 03:54:18,600
One more morning in 1764 she 
traveled to Paris from medical 

4540
03:54:18,600 --> 03:54:21,800
consultation. 
The city a buzz with new 

4541
03:54:21,800 --> 03:54:24,900
philosophic clubs, briefly 
reminded her of simpler times 

4542
03:54:24,900 --> 03:54:27,900
long before she was Madame de 
pompadour, when she was just 

4543
03:54:27,900 --> 03:54:32,700
gendered by the capitals. 
Vibrancy Nostalgia, mingled with

4544
03:54:32,700 --> 03:54:37,100
anxiety about her fate The 
doctors diagnosis was grim and 

4545
03:54:37,100 --> 03:54:40,900
advanced pulmonary disease. 
He still resolved to return to 

4546
03:54:40,900 --> 03:54:43,400
their SI. 
Determine not to show Mortal 

4547
03:54:43,400 --> 03:54:44,800
Frailty in front of her 
detractors. 

4548
03:54:44,800 --> 03:54:48,200
The monarchy demanded, the 
facade of unchanging Grace. 

4549
03:54:49,200 --> 03:54:54,300
In April 1764, her condition, 
deteriorated sharply her final 

4550
03:54:54,300 --> 03:54:56,500
days, saw her writing letters to
Loyal friends. 

4551
03:54:56,500 --> 03:54:59,900
Expressing regret, not for her 
climb, but for the Heartbreak 

4552
03:54:59,900 --> 03:55:03,900
inflicted and the walls 
tragedies, the king and 

4553
03:55:03,900 --> 03:55:06,500
characteristically. 
Emotional visited her bedside 

4554
03:55:06,500 --> 03:55:11,200
offering Comfort on April, 15th.
1764 Madame de pompadour died, 

4555
03:55:11,200 --> 03:55:14,200
at the age of 42. 
The courts immediate response 

4556
03:55:14,200 --> 03:55:17,800
was a wave of mixed sentiment. 
Some courtiers were relieved 

4557
03:55:17,800 --> 03:55:19,900
others stunned at the end of an 
era. 

4558
03:55:19,900 --> 03:55:23,900
The king famously stoic watched 
her coffee in liver side in the 

4559
03:55:23,900 --> 03:55:26,800
rain reportedly muttering every 
day. 

4560
03:55:26,800 --> 03:55:30,800
I lose a friend, the mistress 
who had soared from bourjois 

4561
03:55:30,800 --> 03:55:32,600
birth to the Apex of courtly 
power. 

4562
03:55:32,600 --> 03:55:36,800
Now belong to history leaving 
behind a legacy of cultural. 

4563
03:55:36,800 --> 03:55:40,500
Revival over shadowed by a 
disastrous War though. 

4564
03:55:40,500 --> 03:55:43,900
There were all in Mortal form 
her imprint on France's art 

4565
03:55:43,900 --> 03:55:47,500
diplomacy and monarchical 
identity resonated long after 

4566
03:55:47,500 --> 03:55:50,400
her final breath. 
The news of the death of Madame 

4567
03:55:50,400 --> 03:55:53,600
de pompadour swept through 
France's chattering, classes her

4568
03:55:53,600 --> 03:55:57,600
casket left side quietly without
the state honors, some believe 

4569
03:55:57,600 --> 03:56:01,500
she deserved signifying, the 
monarchies of reluctant to over 

4570
03:56:01,500 --> 03:56:04,600
celebrate. 
A mistress Yet Beyond The Palace

4571
03:56:04,600 --> 03:56:07,300
Gates, a more nuanced reaction 
emerged. 

4572
03:56:07,900 --> 03:56:11,300
The Artisans of several 
porcelain laid wreaths in her 

4573
03:56:11,300 --> 03:56:14,300
memory recalling that her 
patronage had elevated their 

4574
03:56:14,300 --> 03:56:17,900
craft to Global renown. 
Playwrights in paris's bustling 

4575
03:56:17,900 --> 03:56:20,400
theaters acknowledged her 
crucial role in supporting 

4576
03:56:20,400 --> 03:56:23,900
comedic and dramatic Works, 
especially those by authors who 

4577
03:56:23,900 --> 03:56:25,800
previously found no foothold at 
court. 

4578
03:56:26,500 --> 03:56:29,400
The city's literacy debated, 
whether she'd been a subversive 

4579
03:56:29,400 --> 03:56:32,400
Ally of Enlightenment, or 
merely, an opportunist, who 

4580
03:56:32,400 --> 03:56:34,700
shielded radical writers from 
Duck censorship. 

4581
03:56:35,800 --> 03:56:39,000
In the Years following her 
passing, a swirl of Memoirs and 

4582
03:56:39,000 --> 03:56:41,700
Diaries from court inside as 
added complexities to her 

4583
03:56:41,700 --> 03:56:45,000
portrait. 
Some like, the digestive Bronco 

4584
03:56:45,000 --> 03:56:49,100
insisted pompadour was cunning, 
but never malicious referencing 

4585
03:56:49,100 --> 03:56:52,300
times when she mediated petty, 
feuds and sought to reduce Court

4586
03:56:52,300 --> 03:56:54,900
punishments. 
Others such as the comp Dow 

4587
03:56:54,900 --> 03:56:58,400
Jensen, portrayed her, as 
manipulative, citing, how she 

4588
03:56:58,400 --> 03:57:02,200
influenced Louis the 15th to 
ostracize certain ministers, the

4589
03:57:02,200 --> 03:57:04,300
truth, likely encompassed both 
dimensions. 

4590
03:57:04,300 --> 03:57:07,800
A woman forging alliances to 
survive in elaborate of power 

4591
03:57:07,800 --> 03:57:11,700
occasionally stupid to Intrigue 
but also championing genuine. 

4592
03:57:11,700 --> 03:57:16,200
Reforms posthumously Voltaire 
Pender measured eulogy calling 

4593
03:57:16,200 --> 03:57:18,400
her. 
The Luminaire who strove to 

4594
03:57:18,400 --> 03:57:20,000
lighten the Gloom of a 
fractious. 

4595
03:57:20,000 --> 03:57:23,400
Monarchy he didn't shy from 
acknowledging her mistakes, 

4596
03:57:23,400 --> 03:57:26,200
particularly in foreign policy 
yet lorded. 

4597
03:57:26,200 --> 03:57:30,100
Her role in fueling the Arts. 
This balanced tribute resonated 

4598
03:57:30,100 --> 03:57:32,500
with the segment of the 
population that recognized how 

4599
03:57:32,500 --> 03:57:36,100
precarious her place at courted.
Bean pinned between satisfying, 

4600
03:57:36,100 --> 03:57:39,300
a king's ephemeral desires and 
wielding real influence in a 

4601
03:57:39,300 --> 03:57:40,300
male-dominated. 
Sphere. 

4602
03:57:41,100 --> 03:57:43,600
In an Epoch dismissive of 
women's public roles. 

4603
03:57:43,600 --> 03:57:47,200
Her achievements were singular. 
Over the subsequent decade. 

4604
03:57:47,200 --> 03:57:49,900
The monarchy at Advanced under 
new favorite and alliance's 

4605
03:57:49,900 --> 03:57:52,700
Louis. 
The 15th though he took other 

4606
03:57:52,700 --> 03:57:55,100
Mistresses never found the same 
Confidant. 

4607
03:57:55,100 --> 03:57:57,700
Dynamic. 
Madame du Barry. 

4608
03:57:57,708 --> 03:58:00,800
For instance, faced more direct 
contempt from the old 

4609
03:58:00,800 --> 03:58:05,500
aristocracy lacking pompadours, 
cultivated veneer pompadours 

4610
03:58:05,500 --> 03:58:09,300
circle of loyal, ministers, like
the Duke de schwarzel, tried to 

4611
03:58:09,308 --> 03:58:10,600
salvage. 
What they could from The 

4612
03:58:10,600 --> 03:58:13,000
Diplomatic fiascos of the Seven 
Years War. 

4613
03:58:13,600 --> 03:58:16,700
A few smaller successes in 
overseas, negotiations carried 

4614
03:58:16,700 --> 03:58:20,600
an echo of her strategic vision.
Yet the monarchy standing with 

4615
03:58:20,600 --> 03:58:24,100
the populace remained tarnished.
The costly War had battered 

4616
03:58:24,100 --> 03:58:27,500
finances. 
Sowing seeds for Deep Run, rest 

4617
03:58:27,500 --> 03:58:32,100
that would erupt decades later. 
As Time wore on Madame, de 

4618
03:58:32,100 --> 03:58:35,100
pompadours memory became 
entangled with criticisms of the

4619
03:58:35,100 --> 03:58:38,100
Asian regime. 
Revolutionary pamphlets in the 

4620
03:58:38,100 --> 03:58:40,600
late 1780s. 
Brandished her name, as a symbol

4621
03:58:40,600 --> 03:58:43,300
of courtly access. 
They painted her as one who 

4622
03:58:43,300 --> 03:58:47,100
indulgently rearranged finances 
for personal luxuries, she 

4623
03:58:47,100 --> 03:58:49,700
symbolized to them. 
The moral corruption, that 

4624
03:58:49,700 --> 03:58:53,000
allowed a monarchy to Lavish 
wealth on a labor at Pleasures 

4625
03:58:53,000 --> 03:58:56,100
while peasant starved. 
The Nuance that. 

4626
03:58:56,100 --> 03:58:59,100
She was also a champion of Arts 
that she tried to moderate The 

4627
03:58:59,100 --> 03:59:01,500
monarchy's. 
Stumbling got lost in the 

4628
03:59:01,500 --> 03:59:04,900
further of revolution. 
By the 1790s, anything 

4629
03:59:04,900 --> 03:59:06,900
associated with, the monarchy 
was suspect. 

4630
03:59:06,900 --> 03:59:09,100
And her carefully, curated 
style. 

4631
03:59:09,100 --> 03:59:12,900
Recoco, extravagant became an 
emblem of the out of touch 

4632
03:59:12,900 --> 03:59:15,900
aristocrat. 
Yet ironically some 

4633
03:59:15,900 --> 03:59:18,600
revolutionaries who rummage 
through confiscated palaces, 

4634
03:59:18,600 --> 03:59:22,100
discovered references to her 
philanthropic gestures, she had 

4635
03:59:22,100 --> 03:59:26,000
quietly funded orphanages, 
assisted certain Scholars or 

4636
03:59:26,000 --> 03:59:29,300
patronized hospitals, these acts
showcased were a good gesture. 

4637
03:59:30,100 --> 03:59:32,800
Though overshadowed by the 
general wave of anti-royalist 

4638
03:59:32,800 --> 03:59:35,100
sentiment. 
By the 19th century. 

4639
03:59:35,100 --> 03:59:39,200
A wave of new historians were 
visited her story portraying her

4640
03:59:39,200 --> 03:59:42,600
less as a villain and more as a 
reflection of monarchy's last 

4641
03:59:42,600 --> 03:59:46,100
attempts to remain relevant. 
They cited her patronage as 

4642
03:59:46,100 --> 03:59:49,400
crucial in forging, a golden age
of decorative, Arts recognized, 

4643
03:59:49,400 --> 03:59:53,600
International brand by then 
globally. 

4644
03:59:53,600 --> 03:59:56,400
Cherished was inextricably 
linked to her impetus. 

4645
03:59:57,000 --> 04:00:01,500
Cultural memory, thus sea sword,
biographers in the Victorian era

4646
04:00:01,500 --> 04:00:05,300
and ruled by the romance of 
Royal courts depicted her, as a 

4647
04:00:05,300 --> 04:00:08,700
tragic figure, the beautiful 
mistress overshadowed by War in 

4648
04:00:08,700 --> 04:00:11,700
ill health, valiantly saving off
the monarchies declined. 

4649
04:00:11,700 --> 04:00:15,400
They relished dramatic details 
of her, elaborate Fashions, her 

4650
04:00:15,400 --> 04:00:19,100
signature pastel dresses, floral
motifs and the pompadour 

4651
04:00:19,100 --> 04:00:22,200
hairstyle that ironically 
endured in hairdressing law. 

4652
04:00:22,200 --> 04:00:25,700
Meanwhile critics from more 
austere backgrounds indicted her

4653
04:00:25,700 --> 04:00:28,900
and tangling France. 
In Alliance is that backfired 

4654
04:00:28,900 --> 04:00:32,600
20th century scholarship with 
its punctual for analyzing 

4655
04:00:32,600 --> 04:00:36,600
female agency. 
Has re-evaluated her as a 

4656
04:00:36,600 --> 04:00:40,200
political actor who leveraged 
the era's constraints to carve 

4657
04:00:40,200 --> 04:00:44,100
out real influence. 
Albeit over shadowed by system, 

4658
04:00:44,100 --> 04:00:47,800
not designed to respect or 
credit her fully. in present day

4659
04:00:47,800 --> 04:00:50,700
travelers to Versailles often 
asked about Madame de pompadour,

4660
04:00:51,300 --> 04:00:54,000
Tour guides highlight the 
surviving Decor, she influenced 

4661
04:00:54,000 --> 04:00:57,600
certain pastel lacquered rooms 
or delicate vazas. 

4662
04:00:57,600 --> 04:01:00,600
They mention how she nurtured 
the Rococo Styles. 

4663
04:01:00,600 --> 04:01:04,300
Final flourish Bridging, the 
Brock opulence of earlier years 

4664
04:01:04,300 --> 04:01:08,600
with subtle playful Elegance. 
Museums occasionally Mount 

4665
04:01:08,600 --> 04:01:12,000
exhibits on her, cultural 
patronage her face captured in 

4666
04:01:12,008 --> 04:01:16,400
portraits by artists like Buche.
Exudes a gentle confidence that 

4667
04:01:16,400 --> 04:01:19,700
transcends centuries for 
admirers of 18th century 

4668
04:01:19,700 --> 04:01:22,500
history. 
Stands as a figure who in the 

4669
04:01:22,500 --> 04:01:25,600
swirl of monarchies extravagance
and looming, social tension 

4670
04:01:25,600 --> 04:01:28,500
found a way to channel her 
intellect and Artistry, 

4671
04:01:28,500 --> 04:01:31,100
imprinting a distinctive 
feminine mark on French 

4672
04:01:31,100 --> 04:01:33,400
heritage. 
As modern historians. 

4673
04:01:33,400 --> 04:01:36,700
Re-examine Madden de pompados 
life, they continue to discover 

4674
04:01:36,700 --> 04:01:38,700
layers on mentioned in popular 
accounts. 

4675
04:01:38,700 --> 04:01:42,100
A personal correspondence, 
scattered across archives in 

4676
04:01:42,100 --> 04:01:44,300
Paris and provincial Chateau 
reveals. 

4677
04:01:44,300 --> 04:01:46,500
A woman who wrestled with 
theological questions. 

4678
04:01:46,500 --> 04:01:49,700
Contrary to the jaded depiction 
of her as purely secular. 

4679
04:01:49,700 --> 04:01:53,100
She wrote to a confidant about 
the tension between the pomp of 

4680
04:01:53,108 --> 04:01:56,300
the Sigh and a spiritual 
yearning confessing a sense of 

4681
04:01:56,300 --> 04:01:59,100
guilt at times. 
But also belief that God might 

4682
04:01:59,100 --> 04:02:01,500
call individuals to serve in 
worldly spheres. 

4683
04:02:02,300 --> 04:02:05,100
The spiritual Dimension, 
complicates stereotypes that she

4684
04:02:05,100 --> 04:02:07,100
was solely driven by ambition or
vanity. 

4685
04:02:07,900 --> 04:02:10,900
Moreover Diaries from Palace 
servants shed light on her daily

4686
04:02:10,900 --> 04:02:13,500
routines. 
She Rose early to handle letters

4687
04:02:13,500 --> 04:02:15,700
from provincial officials or 
meet with Artisans about 

4688
04:02:15,700 --> 04:02:18,200
furniture designs by 
mid-morning. 

4689
04:02:18,200 --> 04:02:22,100
She might be advising the King 
on which courtiers to promote by

4690
04:02:22,100 --> 04:02:24,300
afternoon. 
She oversaw rehearsals of 

4691
04:02:24,300 --> 04:02:28,100
comedic plays or small operas 
arrest by the war weary monarchy

4692
04:02:28,100 --> 04:02:29,700
in the evening. 
Private. 

4693
04:02:29,700 --> 04:02:32,600
Dinners with the King wreath, in
the flicker of candle, Lich 

4694
04:02:32,600 --> 04:02:35,800
chandeliers allowed her to glean
insights into his anxieties. 

4695
04:02:35,800 --> 04:02:39,800
She balanced each role with 
remarkable stamina, though, 

4696
04:02:39,800 --> 04:02:43,100
migraines and palpitations. 
Often tormented her A newly, 

4697
04:02:43,100 --> 04:02:45,400
discovered note from her lady, 
in waiting described. 

4698
04:02:45,400 --> 04:02:49,800
How after hosting a lavish ball 
pompadour, would retire behind 

4699
04:02:49,800 --> 04:02:53,800
closed doors, pressing cold 
cloths, to her forehead, tears 

4700
04:02:53,800 --> 04:02:56,300
of pain, slipping quietly as she
resolved. 

4701
04:02:56,300 --> 04:02:59,300
Not to betrayed weakness the 
following day in addressing her 

4702
04:02:59,300 --> 04:03:02,800
romantically Azan, it's easy to 
assume her life was consumed by 

4703
04:03:02,800 --> 04:03:05,700
the king's attention. 
Yes, subtle reference is 

4704
04:03:05,700 --> 04:03:07,500
suggest. 
She wants harbored affections 

4705
04:03:07,500 --> 04:03:11,100
for an unnamed Court musician. 
Exchanging whispered confidence 

4706
04:03:11,100 --> 04:03:15,300
is in corridor alcoves Realizing
the danger in such a dalliance. 

4707
04:03:15,300 --> 04:03:17,800
She ended it swiftly to avoid 
Scandal. 

4708
04:03:17,800 --> 04:03:20,900
Leaving behind a clue to her 
capacity for self-denial. 

4709
04:03:21,600 --> 04:03:25,200
another rumored flame was a 
philosopher, she corresponded 

4710
04:03:25,200 --> 04:03:29,000
with under a pseudonym, whether 
that was purely intellectual or 

4711
04:03:29,000 --> 04:03:32,900
tinged with romance remains 
debated, The overriding truth is

4712
04:03:32,900 --> 04:03:35,900
that she recognized that 
enthralling the king required 

4713
04:03:35,900 --> 04:03:38,800
keeping secrets she had to 
preserve the monarchies 

4714
04:03:38,800 --> 04:03:41,000
Illusions. 
Even if that meant sacrificing 

4715
04:03:41,000 --> 04:03:44,300
personal longing. 
Her sense of strategy and coping

4716
04:03:44,300 --> 04:03:46,500
with the backstabbing 
environment remained striking. 

4717
04:03:47,300 --> 04:03:51,600
She carefully placed allies in 
minor roles a Guard, Captain a 

4718
04:03:51,600 --> 04:03:55,200
chamber, in a bishop so that 
vital threads of Palace life, 

4719
04:03:55,200 --> 04:03:58,400
LED back to her. 
If a plot surfaced, she'd hear 

4720
04:03:58,400 --> 04:04:01,300
rumors early enough to steer the
king away or quilt conspirators,

4721
04:04:01,300 --> 04:04:05,900
she likewise practice generosity
to those in need awarding small,

4722
04:04:05,900 --> 04:04:08,500
pensions to older, courtiers or 
assisting impoverished, 

4723
04:04:08,500 --> 04:04:11,600
Aristocrats with dowries. 
This generality wasn't purely 

4724
04:04:11,600 --> 04:04:13,500
altruistic. 
It fostered, an environment 

4725
04:04:13,500 --> 04:04:16,800
where in debted Souls recognized
her as a pillar of stability. 

4726
04:04:17,700 --> 04:04:21,200
For many at court, she assumed 
the role of a quiet, caretaker 

4727
04:04:21,200 --> 04:04:24,500
serving as a bridge between a 
distant monarchy and everyday 

4728
04:04:24,500 --> 04:04:26,800
crisis. 
In an era lacking official 

4729
04:04:26,800 --> 04:04:30,800
welfare, her Petronas served as 
an informal safety, net, the 

4730
04:04:30,800 --> 04:04:32,800
deeply personal dimension of her
existence. 

4731
04:04:32,800 --> 04:04:36,300
Was her unwavering Devotion to 
her daughter, Alexander Green 

4732
04:04:36,300 --> 04:04:39,500
born, before her. 
Ascendancy of versaille, the 

4733
04:04:39,500 --> 04:04:42,100
child well-being, weighed 
heavily on pompadours mine. 

4734
04:04:43,000 --> 04:04:45,500
Alexandrian was placed in a 
Convent for education. 

4735
04:04:46,200 --> 04:04:47,900
Occasionally visiting the 
palace. 

4736
04:04:48,700 --> 04:04:54,000
Inn 1754, alexandrine died 
unexpectedly of peritonitis the 

4737
04:04:54,000 --> 04:04:58,200
Heartbreak shattered, pompadour 
who wept in constables, nearly 

4738
04:04:58,200 --> 04:05:02,200
refusing to appear in public. 
The king not known for empathy 

4739
04:05:02,200 --> 04:05:05,300
attempted constellation, but her
grief. 

4740
04:05:05,300 --> 04:05:09,200
Lingard, some historians. 
Pinpoint this tragedy as a pivot

4741
04:05:09,200 --> 04:05:12,200
in their relationship. 
Transforming her from a radiant 

4742
04:05:12,200 --> 04:05:15,200
figure, to one more 
introspective channeling energy,

4743
04:05:15,200 --> 04:05:19,000
into cultural projects, He 
seldom spoke of Alexandria in 

4744
04:05:19,008 --> 04:05:22,000
publicly but references to 
Monash Perdue in her letters, 

4745
04:05:22,000 --> 04:05:25,600
allude to that, maternal sorrow 
Beneath The Gold Lace for sad. 

4746
04:05:26,600 --> 04:05:29,800
As the monarchy stumbled from 
the Warfare goes Madame de 

4747
04:05:29,800 --> 04:05:32,900
pompadour ironically stabilized 
the king's morale. 

4748
04:05:32,900 --> 04:05:36,800
She orchestrated an unspoken 
Serenity within the palace walls

4749
04:05:36,800 --> 04:05:40,900
and showing that the presence of
Music gentle laughed after and 

4750
04:05:40,900 --> 04:05:44,100
well executed ceremonies 
shielded Louis the 15th from 

4751
04:05:44,100 --> 04:05:48,200
Gloom though critics called her 
the minister of Pleasures, a 

4752
04:05:48,200 --> 04:05:50,900
more profound look reveals her 
role as a caretaker for the 

4753
04:05:50,900 --> 04:05:54,300
monarchies emotional climate. 
That intangible labor, often 

4754
04:05:54,300 --> 04:05:57,400
relegated to women. 
Ensure that even in failing 

4755
04:05:57,400 --> 04:06:01,400
Wars, the monarchy projected 
continuity without her, the 

4756
04:06:01,400 --> 04:06:04,000
kingdom of succumb, to 
paralyzing despair on neglected 

4757
04:06:04,000 --> 04:06:07,600
governance in entirely, She in 
effect became the monarchies 

4758
04:06:07,600 --> 04:06:10,800
emotional pivot. 
When contemporary readers gauge 

4759
04:06:10,800 --> 04:06:14,400
her significance, they must 
weigh the paradoxes a Bourgeois 

4760
04:06:14,400 --> 04:06:16,900
woman who championed 
aristocratic extravagance. 

4761
04:06:16,900 --> 04:06:20,900
A mistress who reconfigured 
diplomatic ties and an aesthetic

4762
04:06:20,900 --> 04:06:23,700
who contended, with the 
brutality of War, she was not 

4763
04:06:23,700 --> 04:06:26,600
without faults, certain 
decisions, sparked conflict. 

4764
04:06:26,600 --> 04:06:29,500
And her loyalty to the monarchy 
overshadowed empathy for the 

4765
04:06:29,500 --> 04:06:32,400
broader populace yet. 
One can see her, a formidable 

4766
04:06:32,408 --> 04:06:35,100
intelligence, navigating 
male-dominated, politics 

4767
04:06:35,100 --> 04:06:38,500
championing, creativity and 
forging a personal brand that 

4768
04:06:38,500 --> 04:06:42,300
outlived her mortal years that 
blend of contradictory traits 

4769
04:06:42,300 --> 04:06:44,800
somewhere as a figure. 
Two complex for simple, 

4770
04:06:44,800 --> 04:06:48,200
judgments a testament to the 
nuanced roles, women could 

4771
04:06:48,200 --> 04:06:51,000
occupy in a kingdom perched, 
precariously, on the brink of 

4772
04:06:51,000 --> 04:06:53,100
his historical transformation 
today. 

4773
04:06:53,100 --> 04:06:57,200
Madame de pompadour endures as 
an emblem of 18th century, 

4774
04:06:57,200 --> 04:07:01,100
Elegance overshadowed yet, all 
so illuminated by the monarchies

4775
04:07:01,100 --> 04:07:05,300
of eventual collapse in 1789. 
She died decades before the 

4776
04:07:05,300 --> 04:07:08,200
French Revolution erupted, which
is surprising to some. 

4777
04:07:08,200 --> 04:07:11,400
But her story offers a lens into
the monarchies Illusions and the

4778
04:07:11,400 --> 04:07:14,000
flickers of modern sensibility 
stirring beneath them. 

4779
04:07:14,000 --> 04:07:18,200
The Rocco style, she popularized
with its playful curves, and 

4780
04:07:18,200 --> 04:07:21,900
pastel palette. 
Might seem superficial, but it's

4781
04:07:21,900 --> 04:07:24,400
signaled, a shift away from the 
heavy formality of early 

4782
04:07:24,400 --> 04:07:27,100
baroque. 
In championing intangible 

4783
04:07:27,100 --> 04:07:30,700
Pursuits, like music painting 
and philosophical discussion. 

4784
04:07:30,700 --> 04:07:34,400
She partially laid a cultural 
groundwork that ironically 

4785
04:07:34,400 --> 04:07:37,900
helped spread ideas that later 
questioned the monarchies 

4786
04:07:37,900 --> 04:07:41,500
absolute basis in the centuries.
After her demise her name popped

4787
04:07:41,500 --> 04:07:44,800
up in unexpected places 
industrial producers of 

4788
04:07:44,800 --> 04:07:48,500
porcelain invoked, pompadour 
pink, or pompadour blue for 

4789
04:07:48,500 --> 04:07:50,500
delicate. 
Tableware dressmakers 

4790
04:07:50,500 --> 04:07:52,900
resurrected the pompadour 
hairstyle in various 

4791
04:07:52,900 --> 04:07:57,000
reinterpretations, some tall and
powdered others more subtle, but

4792
04:07:57,000 --> 04:07:59,700
referencing that flare she had 
for graceful display. 

4793
04:08:00,500 --> 04:08:02,700
Literary authors from Balzac to 
Nancy. 

4794
04:08:02,700 --> 04:08:07,500
Mitford explored, her biography,
each spinning Vantage points was

4795
04:08:07,500 --> 04:08:10,900
sheer cunning manipulator or a 
gentle care for an indecisive 

4796
04:08:10,900 --> 04:08:14,900
King tourists wandering verse. 
I can still Glimpse spaces, she 

4797
04:08:14,900 --> 04:08:18,200
wants inhabited, the private 
Apartments facing the gardens, 

4798
04:08:18,200 --> 04:08:21,800
all the opera house she 
influenced Guides recount how 

4799
04:08:21,800 --> 04:08:25,200
she wants staged private 
theatricals their starring as 

4800
04:08:25,200 --> 04:08:28,500
comedic heroine's Coke. 
Singing the king from his Stony 

4801
04:08:28,500 --> 04:08:32,800
reticence, the wallpapers and 
color schemes faintly preserved,

4802
04:08:32,800 --> 04:08:37,200
reflect that pastel Whimsy. 
Her official portrait by Boucher

4803
04:08:37,200 --> 04:08:40,300
stands in the Wallace 
collection, in London, capturing

4804
04:08:40,300 --> 04:08:43,500
her with a book in hand, 
emphasizing her intellectual 

4805
04:08:43,500 --> 04:08:46,300
bent. 
Observers note the calm in her 

4806
04:08:46,300 --> 04:08:49,600
eyes, a subtle Pride, that 
defies the ephemeral nature of 

4807
04:08:49,600 --> 04:08:51,700
her courtly, status. 
Modern. 

4808
04:08:51,700 --> 04:08:53,600
Feminism appraises her 
differently. 

4809
04:08:53,600 --> 04:08:57,000
She was no activist for women's 
equality by present standards 

4810
04:08:57,000 --> 04:08:59,500
yet, she challenged conventional
boundaries. 

4811
04:08:59,500 --> 04:09:03,500
She effectively shaped policies 
behind the scenes overshadowing,

4812
04:09:03,500 --> 04:09:06,500
many male, courtiers, whose 
official titles dwarfed, her own

4813
04:09:07,400 --> 04:09:10,000
She minted alliances with 
philosophers to protect free 

4814
04:09:10,000 --> 04:09:11,800
expression from Draconian 
sensors. 

4815
04:09:12,500 --> 04:09:16,700
She financed expansions in Fine 
Arts and Manufacturing forging. 

4816
04:09:16,700 --> 04:09:20,000
A Synergy between monarchy and 
commerce. while she did not 

4817
04:09:20,000 --> 04:09:23,500
upend the patriarchal structure,
a survival hinged on a peeing, 

4818
04:09:23,500 --> 04:09:27,100
it her example reveals how a 
determined intelligent woman 

4819
04:09:27,100 --> 04:09:31,000
could carve a realm of influence
In that sense, she both 

4820
04:09:31,000 --> 04:09:32,700
reaffirmed and quietly 
subverted. 

4821
04:09:32,700 --> 04:09:37,000
The patriarchal monarchy Her a 
femoral Presence overshadowed by

4822
04:09:37,000 --> 04:09:40,400
new favorites after her death. 
Underscores, the monarchies 

4823
04:09:40,400 --> 04:09:44,300
insatiable appetite for novelty 
yet, none repeated the unique. 

4824
04:09:44,300 --> 04:09:47,800
Blend of artistry diplomacy and 
emotional guardianship. 

4825
04:09:47,800 --> 04:09:52,200
She brought For fleeting period.
She had a near ministerial role 

4826
04:09:52,200 --> 04:09:55,700
in shaping foreign alliances a 
stance that no subsequent 

4827
04:09:55,700 --> 04:09:58,600
mistress or consort fully 
replicated under Louis the 15th.

4828
04:09:58,600 --> 04:10:02,400
By the time of the Revolutionary
upsurge that entire system, the 

4829
04:10:02,400 --> 04:10:06,900
monarchy its falling courtiers, 
its cycle of Mr. Aires faced 

4830
04:10:06,900 --> 04:10:10,400
condemnation The memory of 
Madame de pompadour, both 

4831
04:10:10,400 --> 04:10:13,200
revered and reviled became part 
of the propaganda. 

4832
04:10:13,200 --> 04:10:17,300
Arsenal, describing an outdated 
regime a radiant self-assurance 

4833
04:10:17,300 --> 04:10:20,700
in official portraits served as 
evidence of aristocratic 

4834
04:10:20,700 --> 04:10:23,900
decadence, ironically ignoring 
the fact that she held from the 

4835
04:10:23,900 --> 04:10:27,500
bourgeoisie For the average 
person, our age, stumbling upon 

4836
04:10:27,500 --> 04:10:30,000
her story. 
Immediate reaction might revolve

4837
04:10:30,000 --> 04:10:32,400
around the gossip. 
A mistress of Versailles. 

4838
04:10:32,400 --> 04:10:36,700
The icon of style, But deeper 
reflection and covers a figure. 

4839
04:10:36,700 --> 04:10:39,900
Bridging, bold, intelligence 
aesthetic, Brilliance and 

4840
04:10:39,900 --> 04:10:43,200
pragmatic survival in a quart. 
Bent on devouring, the naive. 

4841
04:10:44,100 --> 04:10:47,100
She was that improbable cultural
prime minister as some labeled 

4842
04:10:47,100 --> 04:10:50,100
her forging a space in a male 
dominated environment. 

4843
04:10:51,100 --> 04:10:54,500
If at times she contributed to 
misguided policies or neglected 

4844
04:10:54,500 --> 04:10:57,900
the plight of the lower classes 
such failings aligned with the 

4845
04:10:57,900 --> 04:11:01,600
monarchy's broader blind spots. 
In that sense, her story 

4846
04:11:01,600 --> 04:11:05,200
reflects systemic complexities 
rather than personal ones alone 

4847
04:11:05,200 --> 04:11:08,300
but her narrative might evoke 
parallels with the art of 

4848
04:11:08,308 --> 04:11:12,500
balancing professional demands 
personal identity and the swirl 

4849
04:11:12,500 --> 04:11:15,200
of public scrutiny that go way 
deeper than we all might 

4850
04:11:15,200 --> 04:11:17,700
imagine. 
She found ways to harness her 

4851
04:11:17,700 --> 04:11:22,100
adversity, lack of birth rank 
suspicion from Aristocrats to 

4852
04:11:22,100 --> 04:11:24,500
shape. 
A remarkable trajectory whether 

4853
04:11:24,500 --> 04:11:28,000
we judge her kindly or harshly, 
she embodied the precarious 

4854
04:11:28,000 --> 04:11:31,400
dance of pleasing the powerful, 
while forging, something new, a 

4855
04:11:31,400 --> 04:11:36,000
Synergy of intellectual tastes 
refined pleasures and aesthetic 

4856
04:11:36,000 --> 04:11:39,700
transformation, that left 
France, irrevocably changed, Her

4857
04:11:39,700 --> 04:11:42,200
adversaries wrote pamphlets, 
proclaiming her ephemeral. 

4858
04:11:42,200 --> 04:11:45,200
But ironically, she remains a 
Hallmark of that era, 

4859
04:11:45,200 --> 04:11:48,300
overshadowing some Royals and 
cultural memory. 

4860
04:11:49,200 --> 04:11:52,800
Ultimately, Madame, de 
pompadours life, underscores a 

4861
04:11:52,800 --> 04:11:55,900
universal theme in an 
environment, where official 

4862
04:11:55,900 --> 04:11:58,900
power rests with men, an 
individual with vision, 

4863
04:11:58,900 --> 04:12:03,000
resilience, and strategic 
cunning can mold in age, or be 

4864
04:12:03,000 --> 04:12:06,200
it at personal cost. 
She gave French culture a final 

4865
04:12:06,200 --> 04:12:10,600
Rico Bloom before the wave of 
neoclassicism and eventually 

4866
04:12:10,600 --> 04:12:14,600
Revolution. 
The touches on diplomacy in arts

4867
04:12:14,600 --> 04:12:17,800
overshadowed though they might 
have been by War and Scandal 

4868
04:12:17,800 --> 04:12:20,200
continue to invite 
reexamination. 

4869
04:12:20,200 --> 04:12:25,300
And so for those who seek Nuance
in history, her story remains a 

4870
04:12:25,300 --> 04:12:29,900
captivating Chronicle of 
ambition Grace heartbreak and a 

4871
04:12:29,900 --> 04:12:32,700
legacy that resonates long after
her heart ceased to beat within 

4872
04:12:32,700 --> 04:12:40,800
Versailles, gilded Labyrinth, 
picture yourself stepping off a 

4873
04:12:40,800 --> 04:12:43,700
Dusty Stagecoach, in 1882 
somewhere, in the Arizona 

4874
04:12:43,700 --> 04:12:47,000
territory, You're back aches. 
As if you've been sitting on a 

4875
04:12:47,008 --> 04:12:51,200
concrete park bench for 12 
hours, a situation that gives 

4876
04:12:51,200 --> 04:12:54,600
the suspension system of 
Frontier Transportation isn't 

4877
04:12:54,600 --> 04:12:58,200
too far from reality. 
The Sun is setting behind the 

4878
04:12:58,200 --> 04:12:59,900
mountains. 
Painting everything in that 

4879
04:12:59,900 --> 04:13:02,100
golden hour. 
Light that would make a modern 

4880
04:13:02,100 --> 04:13:06,400
Instagram influencer, weep With 
Envy, Your searching for a place

4881
04:13:06,400 --> 04:13:09,300
to eat drink and maybe wash off 
three days worth of trail dust. 

4882
04:13:09,300 --> 04:13:11,900
And there it is right across the
street. 

4883
04:13:11,900 --> 04:13:16,500
The Silver Dollar Saloon It's 
painted sign creeks in the 

4884
04:13:16,508 --> 04:13:19,200
evening Breeze and those iconic 
batwing doors. 

4885
04:13:19,200 --> 04:13:22,900
You know, the ones that swing 
both ways and come up to about 

4886
04:13:22,900 --> 04:13:25,400
chest height, a practically 
calling your name. 

4887
04:13:26,300 --> 04:13:29,000
Now before you push through 
those doors, let's pause for a 

4888
04:13:29,000 --> 04:13:31,700
moment you're about to enter 
what was essentially the social 

4889
04:13:31,700 --> 04:13:35,200
media platform of its day. 
Imagine a wild west Saloon as a 

4890
04:13:35,200 --> 04:13:37,500
fusion of Facebook Twitter and 
your local Starbucks. 

4891
04:13:37,500 --> 04:13:41,500
All housed within a single 
wooden structure that exudes a 

4892
04:13:41,500 --> 04:13:44,200
scent of tobacco whiskey and 
surreal dreams. 

4893
04:13:45,300 --> 04:13:48,400
The Batwing doors weren't just 
for show, by the way, they were 

4894
04:13:48,400 --> 04:13:51,300
brilliantly practical, like 
cargo shorts, but actually 

4895
04:13:51,300 --> 04:13:54,700
useful. he kept out dust and 
tumbleweeds while letting in 

4896
04:13:54,700 --> 04:13:59,100
fresh air and allowing people to
see who was coming and going, In

4897
04:13:59,100 --> 04:14:01,600
a place where your reputation 
literally, determined, whether 

4898
04:14:01,600 --> 04:14:04,900
you lived or died knowing who 
just walked in, was rather in 

4899
04:14:04,900 --> 04:14:08,300
Portland information, as you 
approached the entrance, you 

4900
04:14:08,300 --> 04:14:11,400
notice the doors are worn Smooth
by thousands of hands pushing 

4901
04:14:11,400 --> 04:14:13,900
through them. 
The wood has that patina that 

4902
04:14:13,900 --> 04:14:17,400
only comes from Decades of use, 
like the handle of a well, loved

4903
04:14:17,400 --> 04:14:19,400
baseball bat or your 
grandmother's rolling pin. 

4904
04:14:20,300 --> 04:14:24,500
Inside, you can hear the sound 
of laughter glasses clinking, a 

4905
04:14:24,500 --> 04:14:27,800
slightly off-tune piano and the 
occasional of boots on wooden 

4906
04:14:27,800 --> 04:14:30,700
floors. 
We take a deep breath catching 

4907
04:14:30,700 --> 04:14:34,400
sense of wood, smoke roasted 
meat and something that might be

4908
04:14:34,400 --> 04:14:37,900
coffee, but could just as easily
be paint thinner, your stomach 

4909
04:14:37,900 --> 04:14:41,300
rumbles, reminding you that hard
tack and jerky, don't constitute

4910
04:14:41,300 --> 04:14:45,000
fine, dining, no matter how you.
Look at it, here's where your 

4911
04:14:45,000 --> 04:14:48,600
modern sensibility start to kick
in your accustomed to perusing, 

4912
04:14:48,600 --> 04:14:51,000
online restaurant reviews and 
perhaps observing the Health 

4913
04:14:51,000 --> 04:14:53,500
Department's rating prominently 
displayed in the window. 

4914
04:14:54,300 --> 04:14:57,400
But this isn't that world, the 
only review system here is 

4915
04:14:57,400 --> 04:14:59,500
whether people are still alive 
after eating the food. 

4916
04:14:59,500 --> 04:15:02,500
And even that's not always a 
reliable indicator, given the 

4917
04:15:02,500 --> 04:15:05,900
general life expectancy of the 
frontier, you adjust your hat 

4918
04:15:05,900 --> 04:15:09,100
because everyone wore caps. 
Then it wasn't optional, like, 

4919
04:15:09,100 --> 04:15:11,900
wearing pants to Walmart, and 
push through those Swinging 

4920
04:15:11,900 --> 04:15:15,600
Doors, they spring back behind 
you with a satisfying whoosh. 

4921
04:15:15,600 --> 04:15:19,000
And suddenly, you're inside and 
oh, my, it's quite a scene. 

4922
04:15:19,000 --> 04:15:21,600
The first thing that hits you 
isn't the site. 

4923
04:15:21,600 --> 04:15:25,900
It's the sound, it's loud. 
It's not as loud as a rock 

4924
04:15:25,908 --> 04:15:29,300
concert, but rather as loud as a
busy restaurant on a Friday 

4925
04:15:29,300 --> 04:15:33,600
night, Conversations overlap 
like competing radio stations 

4926
04:15:33,600 --> 04:15:36,300
punctuated by the occasional 
burst of laughter. 

4927
04:15:36,300 --> 04:15:41,000
The scrape of chairs on wooden 
floors and the rhythmic Funk of 

4928
04:15:41,000 --> 04:15:43,000
someone dealing cards at a table
near the back. 

4929
04:15:43,900 --> 04:15:45,700
The second thing that hits you 
is the smell. 

4930
04:15:45,700 --> 04:15:49,500
It's a complex bouquet that no 
modern knows is quite prepared 

4931
04:15:49,500 --> 04:15:51,900
for, there's the obvious whiskey
and tobacco. 

4932
04:15:51,900 --> 04:15:54,900
But underneath, that is the 
earthy scent of wool and leather

4933
04:15:54,900 --> 04:15:58,500
metallic Tang of Gun oil and 
something that might charitably 

4934
04:15:58,500 --> 04:16:02,200
be called from Frontier cologne.
But more accurately described as

4935
04:16:02,200 --> 04:16:04,000
three weeks without a proper 
bath. 

4936
04:16:04,700 --> 04:16:08,500
The lighting is dim, not 
romantic restaurant dim, but we 

4937
04:16:08,500 --> 04:16:11,300
only have oil lamps and candles.
Dim your eyes. 

4938
04:16:11,300 --> 04:16:13,800
Take a moment to adjust. 
Like, when you walk into a movie

4939
04:16:13,800 --> 04:16:16,500
theater, except the movie 
theater, doesn't have armed 

4940
04:16:16,500 --> 04:16:18,700
patrons and questionable hygiene
standards. 

4941
04:16:18,700 --> 04:16:22,000
And there you stand, just inside
those famous Swinging Doors 

4942
04:16:22,000 --> 04:16:24,900
taking in your first real wild 
west Saloon. 

4943
04:16:25,800 --> 04:16:28,700
The adventure is about to begin.
And honestly, you're not 

4944
04:16:28,700 --> 04:16:31,900
entirely sure whether to be 
excited or concerned, maybe 

4945
04:16:31,900 --> 04:16:35,500
both, probably both. 
You can now see the faces around

4946
04:16:35,500 --> 04:16:38,800
you, as your eyes have adjusted 
to the oil lamps, and the glow, 

4947
04:16:38,800 --> 04:16:42,900
and what faces they are. it's as
if you've stepped into a dynamic

4948
04:16:42,900 --> 04:16:45,500
to Guerra type only with 
everyone in motion and some 

4949
04:16:45,500 --> 04:16:49,300
armed The first rule of saloon 
etiquette which nobody bothered 

4950
04:16:49,300 --> 04:16:50,700
to mention in your guidebook is 
this. 

4951
04:16:50,700 --> 04:16:54,000
Don't just stand there. 
Gawking like a tourist at Times 

4952
04:16:54,000 --> 04:16:56,100
Square, you need to move with 
purpose. 

4953
04:16:56,100 --> 04:16:59,600
Even if that purpose is simply 
find a place to sit without 

4954
04:16:59,600 --> 04:17:02,900
getting shot. 
The bartender, catches your eye,

4955
04:17:02,900 --> 04:17:06,700
and odds the universal gesture 
that transcends time and roughly

4956
04:17:06,700 --> 04:17:08,900
translates to buy something or 
get out. 

4957
04:17:10,000 --> 04:17:12,600
He's a large man with sleeves, 
rolled up past his elbows. 

4958
04:17:12,600 --> 04:17:15,800
Sporting the kind of mustache 
that required, serious daily 

4959
04:17:15,800 --> 04:17:19,000
maintenance think, Tom Selleck 
but with more experience, 

4960
04:17:19,000 --> 04:17:21,900
breaking up fights and less 
experienced solving crimes in 

4961
04:17:21,900 --> 04:17:24,100
Hawaii. 
You scan the room for seating 

4962
04:17:24,100 --> 04:17:26,600
options. 
There's the bar itself naturally

4963
04:17:26,600 --> 04:17:29,000
with a few empty stools that 
look about as comfortable as 

4964
04:17:29,000 --> 04:17:31,400
sitting on a fence post. 
The bar is actually quite 

4965
04:17:31,400 --> 04:17:33,700
impressive. 
A long stretch of polished wood,

4966
04:17:33,700 --> 04:17:37,400
that seen more drama than a soap
opera behind, the bar bottles 

4967
04:17:37,400 --> 04:17:38,600
line. 
The shelves, like glass 

4968
04:17:38,600 --> 04:17:40,500
soldiers. 
However, several of them have 

4969
04:17:40,500 --> 04:17:43,000
handwritten labels that raise 
questions about quality control 

4970
04:17:43,000 --> 04:17:45,400
standards. 
Then there are the tables 

4971
04:17:45,400 --> 04:17:48,300
scattered around the room. 
This is where the study of 

4972
04:17:48,300 --> 04:17:50,400
social anthropology becomes 
fascinating. 

4973
04:17:50,400 --> 04:17:54,700
Each table seems to have its 
ecosystem, its own unspoken 

4974
04:17:54,700 --> 04:17:57,400
rules, and its potential for 
southern violence. 

4975
04:17:58,900 --> 04:18:02,500
A table of real cowboys, not the
Hollywood version sits near the 

4976
04:18:02,500 --> 04:18:05,900
front window their Dusty son, 
where'd and looked like, they 

4977
04:18:05,900 --> 04:18:09,100
haven't seen a barber in months.
Their hats are sweat, stained 

4978
04:18:09,100 --> 04:18:11,300
and practical. 
Their boots are scuffed from 

4979
04:18:11,300 --> 04:18:13,400
actual work. 
And therefore, their clothes 

4980
04:18:13,400 --> 04:18:16,000
have that lived in quality that 
comes from spending weeks on the

4981
04:18:16,008 --> 04:18:18,400
trail. 
Their nursing beers and 

4982
04:18:18,400 --> 04:18:20,600
discussing something that 
involves a lot of gesturing 

4983
04:18:20,600 --> 04:18:24,300
toward the door. he decided to 
file these observations under 

4984
04:18:24,300 --> 04:18:28,700
information to remember and keep
looking In the corner, there's a

4985
04:18:28,700 --> 04:18:30,300
poker game happening at around 
table. 

4986
04:18:30,300 --> 04:18:33,900
The players are a mixed bunch a 
man in a slightly too fancy 

4987
04:18:33,900 --> 04:18:34,900
vest. 
Who might be a traveling 

4988
04:18:34,900 --> 04:18:37,900
salesman a grizzled prospector, 
who's a beard? 

4989
04:18:37,900 --> 04:18:41,000
Could hide a small animal. 
And two other gentlemen, whose 

4990
04:18:41,000 --> 04:18:42,400
occupations are harder to 
determine. 

4991
04:18:42,400 --> 04:18:46,700
But who serious expression? 
Suggests the stakes are real The

4992
04:18:46,700 --> 04:18:49,900
fourth rule of saloon survival 
which follows the first three 

4993
04:18:49,900 --> 04:18:51,300
rules of. 
Don't stare. 

4994
04:18:51,300 --> 04:18:55,300
Don't touch anyone's hat and 
don't ask about anyone's past, 

4995
04:18:55,300 --> 04:18:59,500
is this never cited a poker 
table unless you're invited and 

4996
04:18:59,500 --> 04:19:01,600
prepared to lose your shirt, 
literally. 

4997
04:19:02,600 --> 04:19:05,700
There's a piano in one corner 
and upright, that seemed better 

4998
04:19:05,700 --> 04:19:08,800
decades where a woman in a blue 
dress is playing something that 

4999
04:19:08,800 --> 04:19:11,400
might be. 
Oh, Susanna if you squint your 

5000
04:19:11,400 --> 04:19:15,100
ears just right, she's what they
call the saloon girl and her job

5001
04:19:15,100 --> 04:19:18,100
description, included 
entertainment, conversation and 

5002
04:19:18,100 --> 04:19:20,600
selling drinks. 
Despite what Hollywood might 

5003
04:19:20,600 --> 04:19:22,900
have suggested? 
Most saloon girls were 

5004
04:19:22,900 --> 04:19:26,300
essentially, the Vans, customer 
service Representatives, not 

5005
04:19:26,300 --> 04:19:30,100
anything more scandalous. 
Characters continue to unfold 

5006
04:19:30,100 --> 04:19:33,200
before you like the pages in a 
very dusty book. 

5007
04:19:34,100 --> 04:19:37,200
The gentleman at the bar dressed
immaculately in a black suit, a 

5008
04:19:37,200 --> 04:19:40,000
clean hat and Shining boots is a
sight to behold. 

5009
04:19:40,000 --> 04:19:43,400
He could be a banker a preacher,
or someone you really don't want

5010
04:19:43,400 --> 04:19:45,900
to accidentally bump into his 
coat hangs. 

5011
04:19:45,900 --> 04:19:48,500
Just so, you can't tell if 
that's because he's very 

5012
04:19:48,500 --> 04:19:51,000
particular about his appearance 
or because he's carrying 

5013
04:19:51,000 --> 04:19:54,700
something under there, that 
requires easy access To a small 

5014
04:19:54,708 --> 04:19:56,900
table near the back. 
A couple of older men are 

5015
04:19:56,900 --> 04:19:59,400
engaged in what appears to be 
either a heated philosophical 

5016
04:19:59,400 --> 04:20:01,300
debate, or an argument about 
whose turn. 

5017
04:20:01,300 --> 04:20:04,400
It is to buy the next round. 
Their voice is rise and fall 

5018
04:20:04,400 --> 04:20:06,800
like a verbal tide and 
occasionally, one of them 

5019
04:20:06,800 --> 04:20:08,800
pounds. 
The table for emphasis making 

5020
04:20:08,800 --> 04:20:11,600
the glasses jump. 
You realize, you're still 

5021
04:20:11,600 --> 04:20:14,000
standing there like a 
decoration, so you make your 

5022
04:20:14,000 --> 04:20:16,800
move toward the bar. 
The bartender watches your 

5023
04:20:16,800 --> 04:20:19,500
approach with the expression of 
someone who seen everything at 

5024
04:20:19,500 --> 04:20:21,100
least twice in his easily 
impressed. 

5025
04:20:22,100 --> 04:20:23,500
As you climb onto one of those 
fence. 

5026
04:20:23,500 --> 04:20:25,500
Post stools. 
You notice the bars surface 

5027
04:20:25,500 --> 04:20:29,700
tells its stories ring stains 
from countless glasses, small 

5028
04:20:29,700 --> 04:20:32,400
Nicks from knives. 
And what might be initials 

5029
04:20:32,400 --> 04:20:34,800
carved by Patron's with too much
time and whiskey. 

5030
04:20:35,500 --> 04:20:39,200
The stool creaks ominously under
your weight not because you're 

5031
04:20:39,200 --> 04:20:42,200
heavy but because it's held 
together with hope Nails. 

5032
04:20:42,200 --> 04:20:44,800
Possibly some very determined 
termites. 

5033
04:20:44,800 --> 04:20:48,400
You settle in trying to look 
like you belong or fighting the 

5034
04:20:48,400 --> 04:20:50,000
urge to ask if they have a wine 
list. 

5035
04:20:51,400 --> 04:20:54,600
The bartender approaches wiping 
his hands on a towel that has 

5036
04:20:54,600 --> 04:20:57,100
witnessed better days. 
What will it be? 

5037
04:20:57,100 --> 04:21:00,400
He asks, and you realize you're 
about to make your first real 

5038
04:21:00,400 --> 04:21:05,200
decision in the Wild West. 
Choose Wisely your stomach and 

5039
04:21:05,200 --> 04:21:06,500
your reputation may depend on 
it. 

5040
04:21:06,500 --> 04:21:10,400
What will it be? 
The bartender asks again and you

5041
04:21:10,408 --> 04:21:13,100
realize that this isn't like 
browsing through a 20-page menu 

5042
04:21:13,100 --> 04:21:16,900
at the Cheesecake Factory. 
Your options are limited and 

5043
04:21:16,900 --> 04:21:18,800
some of them might be 
questionable for your long-term 

5044
04:21:18,800 --> 04:21:21,500
Health prospects. 
Let's start with the drinks, 

5045
04:21:21,500 --> 04:21:24,200
shall we? 
The house specialty is whiskey 

5046
04:21:24,200 --> 04:21:27,100
and buy specialty. 
I mean, it's basically the only 

5047
04:21:27,100 --> 04:21:29,200
option that won't require you to
lie down afterward. 

5048
04:21:29,200 --> 04:21:32,800
However, it's important to note 
that the master distiller did 

5049
04:21:32,800 --> 04:21:35,900
not age Frontier whiskey in 
Charming Oak, barrels for 12 

5050
04:21:35,900 --> 04:21:38,900
years. 
Oh no, this whiskey was aged for

5051
04:21:38,900 --> 04:21:41,400
about as long as it took to make
it, which was roughly the same 

5052
04:21:41,400 --> 04:21:43,500
amount of time. 
It takes to microwave a burrito,

5053
04:21:43,500 --> 04:21:46,800
the bartender holds up a bottle 
with a handwritten label. 

5054
04:21:46,800 --> 04:21:50,000
That simply says whiskey in 
letters that suggest the writers

5055
04:21:50,000 --> 04:21:51,700
hand was an entirely steady at 
the time. 

5056
04:21:52,500 --> 04:21:55,700
The liquid inside has an amber 
color that could generously be 

5057
04:21:55,700 --> 04:22:00,700
called rustic or more accurately
described as concerning. but you

5058
04:22:00,700 --> 04:22:03,400
know what, when you've been 
eating Trail Dust for three 

5059
04:22:03,400 --> 04:22:07,000
days, your standards become 
remarkably flexible, Whiskey 

5060
04:22:07,000 --> 04:22:09,700
sounds, perfect. 
You say, because when in Rome, 

5061
04:22:09,700 --> 04:22:13,000
or in this case, when in a place
where Rome seems like a distant 

5062
04:22:13,000 --> 04:22:16,800
fever dream, you do as the 
locals, do the bartender pours. 

5063
04:22:16,800 --> 04:22:18,400
You a shot in a glass, that's 
clean enough. 

5064
04:22:18,400 --> 04:22:20,600
Assuming you don't look too 
closely at The Rim. 

5065
04:22:20,600 --> 04:22:23,800
The whiskey boasts. 
A color reminiscent of weak tea 

5066
04:22:23,800 --> 04:22:26,700
and an aroma reminiscent of. 
What could be corn? 

5067
04:22:26,700 --> 04:22:30,000
You take a sip and wow, it's 
like liquid. 

5068
04:22:30,000 --> 04:22:32,800
Campfire with hints of regret 
and a finish that suggests. 

5069
04:22:32,800 --> 04:22:34,800
You should probably something 
soon. 

5070
04:22:36,300 --> 04:22:40,200
Speaking of food, let's talk 
about your dining options, the 

5071
04:22:40,200 --> 04:22:43,900
menu such as it exists is posted
on a chalkboard behind the bar 

5072
04:22:43,900 --> 04:22:46,700
written in the same shaky 
handwriting as the whiskey 

5073
04:22:46,700 --> 04:22:48,900
label. 
Your choice is a beef stew. 

5074
04:22:48,900 --> 04:22:51,200
Beans and bacon cornbread and 
something. 

5075
04:22:51,200 --> 04:22:53,200
Optimistically labeled fresh 
fish. 

5076
04:22:54,300 --> 04:22:58,400
Now in the middle of the desert.
So the fresh fish raises, some 

5077
04:22:58,400 --> 04:23:02,000
immediate questions fresh from 
where exactly, how can the fish 

5078
04:23:02,000 --> 04:23:04,500
be considered fresh, when the 
nearest substantial body of 

5079
04:23:04,500 --> 04:23:08,000
water is a three-day ride away. 
The bartender notices, your 

5080
04:23:08,000 --> 04:23:10,900
expression and Chuckles. 
Don't worry about the fish. 

5081
04:23:10,900 --> 04:23:14,100
He says, been on the menu for 
two years, nobody's ever ordered

5082
04:23:14,100 --> 04:23:16,500
it. 
You decide beef stew? 

5083
04:23:16,500 --> 04:23:19,700
Sounds like the safest bet. 
It's a decision that shows 

5084
04:23:19,700 --> 04:23:22,600
wisdom beyond your years or at 
least beyond your experience 

5085
04:23:22,600 --> 04:23:26,000
with Frontier cuisine. 
The bartender calls your order 

5086
04:23:26,000 --> 04:23:28,700
back to the kitchen which is 
apparently just behind a curtain

5087
04:23:28,700 --> 04:23:31,100
doorway where you can hear the 
sounds of serious. 

5088
04:23:31,100 --> 04:23:33,900
Cooking happening lots of 
clanging, some creative 

5089
04:23:33,900 --> 04:23:36,800
vocabulary and what might be 
prayer while you, wait, you 

5090
04:23:36,800 --> 04:23:38,600
notice the other patrons dining 
choices? 

5091
04:23:38,600 --> 04:23:41,800
The Cowboys at the front table 
are sharing a plate of beans and

5092
04:23:41,800 --> 04:23:44,700
bacon, that could probably feed 
a small army or at least three 

5093
04:23:44,700 --> 04:23:47,300
famished Cowboys. 
They're eating with the 

5094
04:23:47,300 --> 04:23:50,300
efficiency of people who view 
food as fuel rather than an 

5095
04:23:50,300 --> 04:23:53,400
experience, which is probably 
the right attitude when you're 

5096
04:23:53,400 --> 04:23:56,300
dining options are limited to 
brown stuff and other brown 

5097
04:23:56,300 --> 04:23:58,700
stuff. 
The poker players have ordered 

5098
04:23:58,700 --> 04:24:01,400
rounds of everything, 
apparently, because their table 

5099
04:24:01,400 --> 04:24:04,600
looks like a frontier Buffet. 
There are plates of cornbread 

5100
04:24:04,600 --> 04:24:09,100
bowls of Sears to Stew strip of 
bacon and enough whiskey to fill

5101
04:24:09,100 --> 04:24:11,300
a small boat. 
Of course, they're playing for 

5102
04:24:11,308 --> 04:24:13,000
money. 
So they might be trying to 

5103
04:24:13,000 --> 04:24:16,100
fortify themselves for a long 
night of cards and potentially 

5104
04:24:16,100 --> 04:24:19,300
life-changing losses. 
The well-dressed gentleman at 

5105
04:24:19,308 --> 04:24:22,500
the bar is nursing a single 
glass of whiskey and a plate of 

5106
04:24:22,500 --> 04:24:25,300
cornbread eating. 
With the careful, Precision of 

5107
04:24:25,300 --> 04:24:28,600
someone, who's either very 
refined or very suspicious of 

5108
04:24:28,600 --> 04:24:32,400
the food quality, he cuts his 
cornbread into perfect squares 

5109
04:24:32,400 --> 04:24:35,500
and shoes thought for me like 
he's conducting a scientific 

5110
04:24:35,500 --> 04:24:40,100
analysis of its ingredients. 
Your stew arrives carried by a 

5111
04:24:40,100 --> 04:24:43,900
woman who emerges from behind 
the kitchen curtain like she's 

5112
04:24:43,900 --> 04:24:46,700
stepping onto a stage. 
She's the cook clearly. 

5113
04:24:46,700 --> 04:24:49,900
And she sets the bowl down with 
the pride of someone who knows 

5114
04:24:49,900 --> 04:24:53,200
her craft. 
A tin Bowl, hot enough to Brand 

5115
04:24:53,200 --> 04:24:56,400
cattle, holds the stew and its 
contents appear. 

5116
04:24:56,400 --> 04:24:59,700
Substantial, the stew contains 
chunks of beef that were once 

5117
04:24:59,708 --> 04:25:02,400
tough, but have now become 
tender vegetables. 

5118
04:25:02,400 --> 04:25:05,600
That could be charitably 
described as rustic and a gravy.

5119
04:25:05,600 --> 04:25:07,000
Thick enough to serve as a 
mortar. 

5120
04:25:07,000 --> 04:25:10,800
It smells fantastic actually, 
like, comfort food made by 

5121
04:25:10,800 --> 04:25:12,400
someone who understands that 
Comfort. 

5122
04:25:12,400 --> 04:25:15,100
Sometimes comes in the form of 
calories and warmth, rather than

5123
04:25:15,100 --> 04:25:16,900
presentation and Molecular 
Gastronomy. 

5124
04:25:17,700 --> 04:25:20,800
You take a spoonful and it's 
delicious, really good. 

5125
04:25:20,800 --> 04:25:23,700
The kind of good that makes you 
understand why people wrote 

5126
04:25:23,700 --> 04:25:26,700
songs about home cooking. 
The cornbread that comes with it

5127
04:25:26,700 --> 04:25:29,700
is dense and filling with a 
slightly sweet taste that 

5128
04:25:29,700 --> 04:25:31,600
balances the hearty stew 
perfectly. 

5129
04:25:32,700 --> 04:25:35,000
It's nothing like the fluffy 
cake like cornbread. 

5130
04:25:35,000 --> 04:25:36,600
You might know from Modern 
restaurants. 

5131
04:25:37,400 --> 04:25:40,700
This bread symbolizes business 
and can sustain you throughout a

5132
04:25:40,700 --> 04:25:42,600
long day of your plan from here,
activities. 

5133
04:25:42,600 --> 04:25:46,800
As you eat, you start to relax a
little, the whiskey has smooth, 

5134
04:25:46,800 --> 04:25:49,900
some of your rough edges. 
The food is warming, you from 

5135
04:25:49,900 --> 04:25:53,000
the inside out and the general 
atmosphere is starting to feel 

5136
04:25:53,000 --> 04:25:57,000
less like a movie set and more 
like Just a place where people 

5137
04:25:57,000 --> 04:25:59,300
come to eat and drink and escape
from their day. 

5138
04:25:59,300 --> 04:26:02,400
But then you notice something 
that makes your spoon pores, 

5139
04:26:02,400 --> 04:26:05,600
halfway to your mouth. 
The conversation at the Cowboys 

5140
04:26:05,600 --> 04:26:07,800
table has gotten quieter more 
intense. 

5141
04:26:07,800 --> 04:26:10,900
They keep glancing towards the 
door and one of them has shifted

5142
04:26:10,900 --> 04:26:12,300
his chair. 
So he has a better view of the 

5143
04:26:12,300 --> 04:26:14,600
entrance. 
The well-dressed gentleman has 

5144
04:26:14,600 --> 04:26:17,300
also noticed the changes and has
angled himself slightly on his 

5145
04:26:17,300 --> 04:26:19,500
stool. 
Uh-oh, you get the feeling that 

5146
04:26:19,500 --> 04:26:22,100
your peaceful dinner is about to
become significantly, more 

5147
04:26:22,100 --> 04:26:25,000
interesting, you're just 
starting to feel settled. 

5148
04:26:25,000 --> 04:26:28,400
The stew is warming, your belly.
The whiskey is taking the edge 

5149
04:26:28,400 --> 04:26:31,600
of three days of Stagecoach 
travel and you'll begin to think

5150
04:26:31,600 --> 04:26:33,500
those whole Wild West 
experience. 

5151
04:26:33,500 --> 04:26:36,100
Might be more civilized than the
story suggested. 

5152
04:26:37,000 --> 04:26:40,600
That at that moment, that Wing 
doors open forcefully, causing 

5153
04:26:40,600 --> 04:26:44,700
the rooms temperature to drop by
approximately 10 degrees. 3 men 

5154
04:26:44,700 --> 04:26:47,800
walk in and they walk like they 
own the place they appear as 

5155
04:26:47,800 --> 04:26:50,100
though their contemplating 
acquiring it without the need 

5156
04:26:50,100 --> 04:26:52,200
for paperwork. 
They're different from the other

5157
04:26:52,200 --> 04:26:56,200
patrons cleaner better dressed. 
But with an edge that makes 

5158
04:26:56,200 --> 04:26:59,000
everyone else look like Sunday 
school teachers by comparison. 

5159
04:26:59,900 --> 04:27:02,900
The leader is tall and lean 
wearing a black coat that seemed

5160
04:27:02,900 --> 04:27:07,000
some use, but not much abuse. 
His hat is perfectly positioned 

5161
04:27:07,000 --> 04:27:10,000
and his boots exuded a shine 
that suggests the other 

5162
04:27:10,000 --> 04:27:12,900
meticulously maintained his 
belongings or hasn't been 

5163
04:27:12,900 --> 04:27:14,500
traversing the desert dust for 
days. 

5164
04:27:15,500 --> 04:27:18,400
His eyes scan the room with the 
methodical, Precision of someone

5165
04:27:18,400 --> 04:27:21,600
conducting an inventory, his 
companions flank him like 

5166
04:27:21,600 --> 04:27:24,700
bookends one short-term stockier
built. 

5167
04:27:24,700 --> 04:27:27,500
Like a man who settles 
disagreements with his fists and

5168
04:27:27,500 --> 04:27:30,200
another who is trying a little 
too difficult to look casual 

5169
04:27:30,200 --> 04:27:34,400
while obviously being anything 
but They moved to the bar but 

5170
04:27:34,400 --> 04:27:37,100
not before the tall one makes 
eye contact with several patrons

5171
04:27:37,100 --> 04:27:41,200
including you? 
now you've never been in a 

5172
04:27:41,200 --> 04:27:44,100
situation quite like this, but 
some instincts are Universal, 

5173
04:27:44,100 --> 04:27:47,500
it's akin to being an a 
restaurant, when a group enters 

5174
04:27:47,500 --> 04:27:50,900
that exudes an unsettling 
presence, it excessively loud 

5175
04:27:50,900 --> 04:27:54,000
overly aggressive and behaving, 
as though they are seeking 

5176
04:27:54,000 --> 04:27:57,800
confrontation, Except in this 
case, the people who might find 

5177
04:27:57,800 --> 04:28:01,500
trouble are armed and there's no
manager to complain to the 

5178
04:28:01,500 --> 04:28:04,900
bartenders demeanor changes. 
Subtly, he still approaches them

5179
04:28:04,900 --> 04:28:07,500
and ask what they want but now 
this tension in his shoulders 

5180
04:28:07,500 --> 04:28:11,300
the Cowboys at the front table 
of gone, completely quiet, which

5181
04:28:11,300 --> 04:28:13,700
is probably the frontier 
equivalent of turning off your 

5182
04:28:13,700 --> 04:28:15,000
phone when you sent drama 
Brewing. 

5183
04:28:16,000 --> 04:28:18,000
Whiskey. 
So as the tall, stranger the 

5184
04:28:18,000 --> 04:28:19,700
good stuff. 
Not what you've been serving in,

5185
04:28:19,700 --> 04:28:22,300
everyone else? 
This story is interesting. 

5186
04:28:22,300 --> 04:28:25,400
Apparently, there's a two-tier 
beverage system in operation 

5187
04:28:25,400 --> 04:28:29,400
here and you've been drinking 
from the economy section The 

5188
04:28:29,400 --> 04:28:32,200
bartender reaches under the bar 
and produces a different bottle.

5189
04:28:32,200 --> 04:28:35,500
This one with an actual printed 
label and liquid, that doesn't 

5190
04:28:35,500 --> 04:28:38,600
look like it could strip paint. 
As the strangers get their 

5191
04:28:38,600 --> 04:28:41,800
drinks, you notice the poker 
game has paused, the players are

5192
04:28:41,800 --> 04:28:44,200
still holding their cards, but 
nobody's looking at them 

5193
04:28:44,200 --> 04:28:46,600
anymore. 
The saloon girl has stopped 

5194
04:28:46,600 --> 04:28:50,200
playing piano mid-song, which 
creates an awkward sense that 

5195
04:28:50,200 --> 04:28:54,100
everyone pretends not to notice 
you continue eating your stew. 

5196
04:28:54,100 --> 04:28:56,900
Trying to channel the energy of 
someone who's totally absorbed 

5197
04:28:56,900 --> 04:28:59,900
in their meal and definitely not
eavesdropping on potentially 

5198
04:28:59,900 --> 04:29:02,800
dangerous conversations. 
Your task is harder than it. 

5199
04:29:02,800 --> 04:29:05,600
Sounds when every instinct is 
telling you to pay attention to 

5200
04:29:05,600 --> 04:29:08,900
the new arrivals The tall 
stranger turns from the bar, 

5201
04:29:08,900 --> 04:29:11,100
whiskey and hand and addresses 
the room in general. 

5202
04:29:11,900 --> 04:29:14,100
Evening, folks. 
Beautiful night, isn't it? 

5203
04:29:14,100 --> 04:29:17,600
His voice is Pleasant enough, 
but there's something underneath

5204
04:29:17,600 --> 04:29:21,200
it like a velvet glove with 
brass knuckles and side. 

5205
04:29:22,000 --> 04:29:25,800
A few people Mumble responses. 
Someone asks a question for your

5206
04:29:25,800 --> 04:29:27,200
uncertain. 
If the right answer could lead 

5207
04:29:27,200 --> 04:29:31,100
to your death, We're looking for
someone, The Stranger continues,

5208
04:29:31,100 --> 04:29:34,900
taking a casual sip of his 
whiskey researching For A Friend

5209
04:29:34,900 --> 04:29:38,800
by the name of Thompson. 
Bill Thompson, he might be in 

5210
04:29:38,800 --> 04:29:41,200
these parts. 
Now, you don't know anyone named

5211
04:29:41,200 --> 04:29:43,600
Bill Thompson. 
You can feel the collective 

5212
04:29:43,600 --> 04:29:46,000
tension in the room ratchet up. 
Another notch. 

5213
04:29:46,000 --> 04:29:49,800
It's like when someone asks who 
broke this and even though 

5214
04:29:49,800 --> 04:29:51,400
you're in essence, you still 
feel guilty. 

5215
04:29:52,900 --> 04:29:54,400
One of the Cowboys clears his 
throat. 

5216
04:29:55,300 --> 04:29:57,900
Dotted Thompsons in these parts.
He says carefully. 

5217
04:29:58,700 --> 04:30:00,300
Might help if you could be more 
specific. 

5218
04:30:01,900 --> 04:30:04,500
The Stranger smiles and it's not
entirely a pleasant expression. 

5219
04:30:05,500 --> 04:30:09,800
Oh, you'd know this Thompson. 
If you saw him about 40 brown 

5220
04:30:09,800 --> 04:30:13,100
hair scar on his left cheek from
a disagreement about Catalonia 

5221
04:30:13,100 --> 04:30:17,600
ship tends to be memorable. 
The description hangs in the air

5222
04:30:17,600 --> 04:30:21,200
like smoke from a bad cigar. 
You notice the well-dressed 

5223
04:30:21,200 --> 04:30:24,000
gentleman at the bar has become 
very interested in the bottom of

5224
04:30:24,000 --> 04:30:27,200
his whiskey glass and the poker 
players have the Frozen Look of 

5225
04:30:27,200 --> 04:30:30,000
people trying to become 
invisible through sheer force of

5226
04:30:30,000 --> 04:30:32,300
will. 
Can't say the name rings, a 

5227
04:30:32,300 --> 04:30:33,800
bell. 
The cowboy says, which is 

5228
04:30:33,800 --> 04:30:36,000
probably true, but also probably
not the whole truth. 

5229
04:30:36,000 --> 04:30:38,900
The Stranger nods like he 
expected this answer. 

5230
04:30:39,700 --> 04:30:42,400
Well, that's disappointing. 
But understandable. 

5231
04:30:42,400 --> 04:30:45,800
Sometimes people's memories need
a little encouragement. 

5232
04:30:47,100 --> 04:30:49,700
And that's when you realize your
peaceful evening has officially 

5233
04:30:49,700 --> 04:30:52,200
taken a turn toward the kind of 
excitement you read about in 

5234
04:30:52,200 --> 04:30:54,200
Diamond novels. 
But never actually wanted to 

5235
04:30:54,200 --> 04:30:58,000
experience first hand The stew 
suddenly tastes like cardboard 

5236
04:30:58,000 --> 04:31:01,200
and the whiskey isn't warming. 
Your stomach so much as 

5237
04:31:01,200 --> 04:31:04,300
churning. 
It Keep eating trying to look 

5238
04:31:04,300 --> 04:31:06,800
like someone who's completely 
oblivious to the growing 

5239
04:31:06,800 --> 04:31:09,800
tension, while your mind races 
through your options. 

5240
04:31:10,800 --> 04:31:13,600
You could finish quickly and 
leave but that might draw 

5241
04:31:13,600 --> 04:31:15,900
attention. 
You could stay and hope things 

5242
04:31:15,900 --> 04:31:18,700
settle down, but that could mean
getting caught in whatever is 

5243
04:31:18,700 --> 04:31:20,900
about to happen, or you could 
just keep eating stew and 

5244
04:31:20,900 --> 04:31:23,200
pretend you're anywhere else, 
which is your current strategy, 

5245
04:31:23,200 --> 04:31:24,800
but probably not a long term 
solution. 

5246
04:31:25,900 --> 04:31:29,200
The Stranger takes another sip 
of his whiskey and smiles. 

5247
04:31:29,200 --> 04:31:32,400
That unsettling smile again. 
Well no hurry, we've got all 

5248
04:31:32,400 --> 04:31:34,400
night. 
Good. 

5249
04:31:34,400 --> 04:31:37,600
They're staying, this should be 
interesting in a situation like 

5250
04:31:37,600 --> 04:31:41,100
this, it can be quite 
challenging to focus on your own

5251
04:31:41,100 --> 04:31:42,500
Affairs. 
When everyone else is 

5252
04:31:42,500 --> 04:31:44,600
activities, are taking place 
right next to you. 

5253
04:31:45,400 --> 04:31:48,400
It's like trying to ignore a 
fire alarm technically possible,

5254
04:31:48,400 --> 04:31:51,600
but probably not advisable for 
your continued well-being. 

5255
04:31:52,700 --> 04:31:55,200
You've developed a sudden, 
intense fascination with your 

5256
04:31:55,200 --> 04:31:58,300
stew examining each piece of 
beef, like your conducting a 

5257
04:31:58,300 --> 04:32:00,500
scientific study on Frontier 
cooking techniques. 

5258
04:32:01,300 --> 04:32:04,200
Meanwhile, the three strangers 
have settled in at a table near 

5259
04:32:04,200 --> 04:32:06,700
the center of the room. 
Close enough to watch every one 

5260
04:32:06,700 --> 04:32:09,900
far enough from the door to make
leaving quickly a challenge for 

5261
04:32:09,900 --> 04:32:12,400
anyone else. 
The tall one seemingly 

5262
04:32:12,400 --> 04:32:15,400
representing the group has 
initiated a conversation with a 

5263
04:32:15,400 --> 04:32:18,500
variety of patreons, is the kind
of conversation where one person

5264
04:32:18,500 --> 04:32:21,200
asked questions and everyone 
else provides answers that are 

5265
04:32:21,200 --> 04:32:23,300
technically truthful, but 
carefully and complete. 

5266
04:32:24,000 --> 04:32:26,500
Nice Town, you've got here. 
He says to the room in general 

5267
04:32:26,500 --> 04:32:30,200
quiet peaceful. 
The kind of place, where a man 

5268
04:32:30,208 --> 04:32:31,500
could disappear if you wanted 
to. 

5269
04:32:32,500 --> 04:32:36,000
The Cowboys nod politely similar
to how one might nod when 

5270
04:32:36,000 --> 04:32:38,300
someone makes a comment about 
the weather, that could be 

5271
04:32:38,308 --> 04:32:41,800
interpreted as a threat, the 
poker players have resumed their

5272
04:32:41,800 --> 04:32:45,000
game, but you notice their 
betting much more conservatively

5273
04:32:45,000 --> 04:32:47,700
than before. 
Nothing dampens, the spirit of 

5274
04:32:47,700 --> 04:32:50,300
gambling, more than the threat 
of unexpected violence. 

5275
04:32:51,200 --> 04:32:55,100
The bartender continues wiping 
glasses with that towel, which 

5276
04:32:55,100 --> 04:32:57,700
by now must be either perfectly 
clean or completely 

5277
04:32:57,700 --> 04:33:00,600
contaminated. 
He's developed the expression of

5278
04:33:00,600 --> 04:33:03,500
someone who's seen this movie 
before and knows, it doesn't end

5279
04:33:03,500 --> 04:33:05,800
with everyone shaking hands and 
sharing recipes. 

5280
04:33:06,599 --> 04:33:08,800
You're making excellent progress
on your stew. 

5281
04:33:08,800 --> 04:33:12,099
When the shorter of the three 
strangers, the one bill like a 

5282
04:33:12,099 --> 04:33:13,900
human, Cannonball stands up and 
stretches. 

5283
04:33:13,900 --> 04:33:18,000
It's an innocent enough gesture.
Except for the way, his coat 

5284
04:33:18,000 --> 04:33:19,599
Falls open just enough to 
reveal. 

5285
04:33:19,599 --> 04:33:21,800
What's definitely not a pocket 
watch on his hip. 

5286
04:33:22,500 --> 04:33:25,400
Think I'll take a look around, 
you know, answers, get familiar 

5287
04:33:25,400 --> 04:33:28,400
with the local geography. 
He starts wandering between the 

5288
04:33:28,400 --> 04:33:30,099
tables not bothering anyone. 
Exactly. 

5289
04:33:30,099 --> 04:33:33,599
But making his presence felt 
It's like having a tiger 

5290
04:33:33,599 --> 04:33:35,300
casually stroll through your 
living room. 

5291
04:33:35,300 --> 04:33:38,500
It might not eat you, but you're
definitely going to keep track 

5292
04:33:38,500 --> 04:33:42,000
of where it is. 
When he gets to the poker table,

5293
04:33:42,000 --> 04:33:45,200
he pulls us to watch the game. 
Interesting, he says, looking at

5294
04:33:45,200 --> 04:33:47,099
the cards, that's almost a 
winning hand. 

5295
04:33:47,099 --> 04:33:50,599
You've got their friend Specter 
with the impressive beard looks 

5296
04:33:50,599 --> 04:33:53,700
up nervously just having a 
friendly game Mr. Nothing 

5297
04:33:53,700 --> 04:33:56,500
serious. 
Oh, I'm sure the stranger 

5298
04:33:56,500 --> 04:33:59,000
replies though. 
I noticed you've got quite a 

5299
04:33:59,000 --> 04:34:01,300
pile of coins there. 
Lucky night. 

5300
04:34:02,400 --> 04:34:03,599
Some nights are better than 
others. 

5301
04:34:03,599 --> 04:34:07,000
The prospector, says carefully. 
The Stranger nods thoughtfully. 

5302
04:34:07,000 --> 04:34:09,300
That's true. 
Some nights. 

5303
04:34:09,300 --> 04:34:12,500
A man's luck can change. 
Very suddenly, it's not exactly 

5304
04:34:12,500 --> 04:34:15,099
a threat but it's not exactly 
not a threat either. 

5305
04:34:15,099 --> 04:34:18,000
It's that special, kind of 
Frontier Communication. 

5306
04:34:18,000 --> 04:34:21,200
That says everything while 
saying nothing like a passive 

5307
04:34:21,200 --> 04:34:23,200
aggressive email written with 
six shooters. 

5308
04:34:23,200 --> 04:34:26,000
The wandering stranger continues
his tour. 

5309
04:34:26,000 --> 04:34:30,800
Eventually making his way toward
the bar toward you you become 

5310
04:34:30,800 --> 04:34:33,800
intensely interested in the last
few spoonfuls of your stew, 

5311
04:34:33,800 --> 04:34:36,700
hoping to project the aura of 
someone completely absorbed in 

5312
04:34:36,700 --> 04:34:40,500
their dinner and definitely not 
worth talking to Evening, he 

5313
04:34:40,500 --> 04:34:43,400
says, settling onto the stool 
next to you evening. 

5314
04:34:43,400 --> 04:34:45,300
He replied. 
Because ignoring him would be 

5315
04:34:45,300 --> 04:34:47,700
rude and rudeness in this 
situation, could have 

5316
04:34:47,700 --> 04:34:50,000
consequences that extend beyond 
hurt feelings. 

5317
04:34:51,000 --> 04:34:53,200
Good stew. 
He asks, looking at your bowl. 

5318
04:34:53,200 --> 04:34:54,599
Yes. 
Quite good. 

5319
04:34:54,599 --> 04:34:55,500
You answer. 
Honestly. 

5320
04:34:55,500 --> 04:34:58,000
No point in lying about 
something so easily. 

5321
04:34:58,000 --> 04:35:00,800
Verified, You're not from around
here. 

5322
04:35:00,800 --> 04:35:05,200
He observes is not a question, 
just passing through you say, 

5323
04:35:05,200 --> 04:35:07,300
which is true and hopefully 
boring enough to end the 

5324
04:35:07,308 --> 04:35:10,599
conversation, he nods and orders
a whiskey from the bartender. 

5325
04:35:11,500 --> 04:35:14,400
Not the good stuff, you notice 
which suggests either budget 

5326
04:35:14,400 --> 04:35:17,200
constraints, or that he's not as
important as his tool friend. 

5327
04:35:18,000 --> 04:35:20,800
While he waits for his drink, he
studies you with the Casual 

5328
04:35:20,800 --> 04:35:23,500
interest of someone examining a 
potentially interesting bug. 

5329
04:35:24,700 --> 04:35:28,200
Passing through to where he asks
now, you're in slightly trickier

5330
04:35:28,200 --> 04:35:31,000
territory too much detail. 
Might make you memorable in 

5331
04:35:31,000 --> 04:35:33,000
ways. 
You don't want to be too little 

5332
04:35:33,000 --> 04:35:36,300
might make you seem suspicious. 
You go with vague but plausible.

5333
04:35:37,099 --> 04:35:39,000
West. 
You say, looking for 

5334
04:35:39,000 --> 04:35:40,599
opportunities. 
He Chuckles. 

5335
04:35:40,599 --> 04:35:43,000
Aren't we all friends? 
Aren't we all? 

5336
04:35:44,200 --> 04:35:47,500
his whiskey arrives, and He 
takes a sip then he leans 

5337
04:35:47,500 --> 04:35:50,400
slightly closer, you catch a 
whiff of tobacco leather. 

5338
04:35:50,400 --> 04:35:52,900
And something that might be made
or might be bear Grease. 

5339
04:35:53,800 --> 04:35:57,300
But of advice, he says quietly 
sometimes the best opportunity 

5340
04:35:57,300 --> 04:36:01,300
is knowing when to keep moving. 
No I mean you nod because you do

5341
04:36:01,300 --> 04:36:03,800
know what he means and because 
agreeing seems like the safest 

5342
04:36:03,800 --> 04:36:06,099
option. 
He's telling you in the polite 

5343
04:36:06,099 --> 04:36:08,900
as possible terms that this 
might be a good night to finish 

5344
04:36:08,900 --> 04:36:11,800
your dinner and find somewhere 
else to be. appreciate the 

5345
04:36:11,808 --> 04:36:15,500
advice you say, He nods and 
returns to his whiskey 

5346
04:36:15,500 --> 04:36:17,900
apparently, satisfied. 
That his message has been 

5347
04:36:17,908 --> 04:36:20,700
delivered and understood. 
He finished the last of your 

5348
04:36:20,700 --> 04:36:23,900
student cornbread trying to eat 
at a pace that suggests, you're 

5349
04:36:23,900 --> 04:36:25,500
not hurrying, but not lingering 
either. 

5350
04:36:26,400 --> 04:36:29,599
That's when the Batwing doors 
swing, open again and this time 

5351
04:36:29,599 --> 04:36:32,700
you know, before you even look 
that whoever's coming in is 

5352
04:36:32,700 --> 04:36:35,099
going to make the evening 
significantly more complicated. 

5353
04:36:36,099 --> 04:36:38,200
Because that's how these things 
work in the wild west. 

5354
04:36:38,200 --> 04:36:41,800
Just when you think you've got a
handle on the situation, the 

5355
04:36:41,800 --> 04:36:45,099
situation decides to handle you 
instead the man who walks 

5356
04:36:45,099 --> 04:36:48,400
through those batwing doors is 
about 40 years old has brown 

5357
04:36:48,400 --> 04:36:51,000
hair and sports a scar on his 
left cheek. 

5358
04:36:51,000 --> 04:36:53,300
That looks like it came from a 
disagreement about cattle 

5359
04:36:53,300 --> 04:36:56,200
ownership. 
In other words, he matches the 

5360
04:36:56,200 --> 04:36:59,300
description of Bill Thompson 
perfectly, which means your 

5361
04:36:59,300 --> 04:37:01,700
peaceful evening. 
Has just transformed into front 

5362
04:37:01,700 --> 04:37:05,800
row seats for whatever's about 
to unfold. but here's the thing 

5363
04:37:05,800 --> 04:37:08,599
that makes this intriguing from 
a social dynamics perspective, 

5364
04:37:09,400 --> 04:37:11,700
Bill Thompson doesn't look 
surprised to see the three 

5365
04:37:11,700 --> 04:37:13,400
strangers. 
He doesn't pause. 

5366
04:37:13,400 --> 04:37:16,700
He doesn't scan the room, 
nervously and doesn't show any 

5367
04:37:16,700 --> 04:37:18,400
of the signs. 
You'd expect from someone who's 

5368
04:37:18,400 --> 04:37:21,500
being hunted. 
Instead, he walks to the bar 

5369
04:37:21,500 --> 04:37:24,599
with the Casual confidence of a 
man whose precisely where he 

5370
04:37:24,599 --> 04:37:28,400
wants to be evening Jake. 
He says, to the bartender who 

5371
04:37:28,400 --> 04:37:31,200
suddenly looks like, he'd rather
be anywhere else, perhaps 

5372
04:37:31,200 --> 04:37:33,800
somewhere peaceful like the 
middle of a buffalo, stampede. 

5373
04:37:34,900 --> 04:37:37,599
The tall stranger at the center 
table doesn't say anything 

5374
04:37:37,599 --> 04:37:40,300
immediately. 
He just watches Thompson order, 

5375
04:37:40,300 --> 04:37:43,200
a whiskey and settle against the
bar like he owns it. 

5376
04:37:45,000 --> 04:37:49,000
Silent stretches out like taffy 
and you can practically hear 

5377
04:37:49,000 --> 04:37:50,700
everyone in the room. 
Not breathing. 

5378
04:37:50,700 --> 04:37:54,099
Finally, the tall. 
Stranger speaks, Bill Thompson. 

5379
04:37:55,000 --> 04:37:56,900
That's right. 
Thompson replies without turning

5380
04:37:56,900 --> 04:38:00,500
around and you'd be casting 
unless I miss my guess. 

5381
04:38:01,300 --> 04:38:04,200
Carson. 
Now, the tall stranger has a 

5382
04:38:04,200 --> 04:38:06,900
name, which somehow makes the 
whole situation feel more real 

5383
04:38:06,900 --> 04:38:08,200
and more dangerous at the same 
time. 

5384
04:38:09,200 --> 04:38:12,400
Cast and stands up slowly the 
kind of deliberate movement that

5385
04:38:12,400 --> 04:38:13,900
suggests. 
He's very comfortable with 

5386
04:38:13,900 --> 04:38:15,599
everyone's attention, focused on
him. 

5387
04:38:16,500 --> 04:38:19,500
Being looking for you, Bill. 
I figured that was the case 

5388
04:38:19,500 --> 04:38:21,500
Thompson says taking a sip of 
his whiskey. 

5389
04:38:22,099 --> 04:38:23,300
Heard you boys were asking 
around. 

5390
04:38:23,300 --> 04:38:26,200
Thought I'd save you the trouble
of hunting all over creation. 

5391
04:38:27,099 --> 04:38:29,599
Now, this is intriguing. 
Instead of a Manhunt your 

5392
04:38:29,599 --> 04:38:31,099
witnessing. 
What appears to be a plan 

5393
04:38:31,099 --> 04:38:33,300
meeting? 
The question is whether it's 

5394
04:38:33,300 --> 04:38:35,800
going to be a civilized 
conversation or something that 

5395
04:38:35,800 --> 04:38:37,400
requires you to duck under 
tables. 

5396
04:38:39,000 --> 04:38:41,900
The cowboy at the front table, 
shifts slightly in his chair and

5397
04:38:41,900 --> 04:38:44,500
you notice his hand resting 
casually near his side. 

5398
04:38:45,500 --> 04:38:48,200
The poker players have given up 
all pretense of playing cards 

5399
04:38:48,200 --> 04:38:51,200
and openly watching the 
proceedings, even the saloon 

5400
04:38:51,200 --> 04:38:53,900
girl is positioned herself near.
What you hope is a back exit. 

5401
04:38:54,800 --> 04:38:57,400
Carson moves away from his table
but not quickly, not 

5402
04:38:57,400 --> 04:39:00,500
aggressively, it's more like a 
dance where both Partners know 

5403
04:39:00,500 --> 04:39:02,900
the steps. 
You've got something that 

5404
04:39:02,900 --> 04:39:06,400
belongs to my employer bill. 
That's so Thompson says what 

5405
04:39:06,400 --> 04:39:08,300
might that be? 
Don't play games. 

5406
04:39:08,300 --> 04:39:11,599
The money from the Tucson job 
Thompson Chuckles, but it's not 

5407
04:39:11,599 --> 04:39:15,099
particularly amused sound money.
What makes you think? 

5408
04:39:15,099 --> 04:39:16,599
I've got any money? 
Look at me. 

5409
04:39:16,599 --> 04:39:18,400
Carson. 
Do I look like a man who's 

5410
04:39:18,400 --> 04:39:21,500
recently come into wealth? 
And he's got a point, Thompson's

5411
04:39:21,500 --> 04:39:25,000
clothes, A Worn but clean, his 
boots are scuffed and his hat to

5412
04:39:25,000 --> 04:39:27,700
seen better years. 
If he sitting on a pile of 

5413
04:39:27,700 --> 04:39:30,200
stolen money, he's either 
excellent at hiding it or 

5414
04:39:30,200 --> 04:39:33,300
terrible at spending it. 
My employer seems to think 

5415
04:39:33,300 --> 04:39:36,500
otherwise Carson says your 
employer thinks many things 

5416
04:39:36,500 --> 04:39:39,900
doesn't make them true. 
The conversation is polite, 

5417
04:39:39,900 --> 04:39:42,000
almost casual. 
But you can feel the 

5418
04:39:42,000 --> 04:39:44,800
undercurrent of violence running
beneath it like a stream under 

5419
04:39:44,800 --> 04:39:46,900
ice. 
Both men are armed. 

5420
04:39:46,900 --> 04:39:50,000
You can tell by the way, they 
carry themselves, the way their 

5421
04:39:50,000 --> 04:39:52,500
coats, hang and the way they 
position their hands. 

5422
04:39:52,500 --> 04:39:55,700
The question is whether they're 
going to keep talking or start 

5423
04:39:55,700 --> 04:39:58,700
shooting your beginning to 
understand why the bartender was

5424
04:39:58,700 --> 04:40:00,200
nervous about the fish on the 
menu. 

5425
04:40:01,000 --> 04:40:03,100
In a place where business 
disputes are settled with 

5426
04:40:03,100 --> 04:40:06,100
gunpowder freshness, standards 
are probably flexible. 

5427
04:40:06,900 --> 04:40:08,700
The shorter. 
Stranger the one who gave you 

5428
04:40:08,700 --> 04:40:10,900
the friendly advice about 
knowing when to keep moving. 

5429
04:40:10,900 --> 04:40:13,000
Has positioned himself near the 
door? 

5430
04:40:13,000 --> 04:40:14,900
Not blocking it. 
Exactly. 

5431
04:40:14,900 --> 04:40:17,500
But making it clear that anyone 
wanting to leave would need to 

5432
04:40:17,500 --> 04:40:20,900
get past him. 
The third member of their group 

5433
04:40:20,900 --> 04:40:22,500
has moved to cover the back of 
the room. 

5434
04:40:22,500 --> 04:40:25,300
Thompson seems to notice these 
movements without looking 

5435
04:40:25,300 --> 04:40:28,200
directly at them. 
Brought the whole crew did you? 

5436
04:40:28,200 --> 04:40:31,300
That's flattering though. 
I have to say for a friendly 

5437
04:40:31,300 --> 04:40:34,400
conversation about money. 
I don't have you boys seem a 

5438
04:40:34,400 --> 04:40:38,400
little prepared. 
Just being careful, Carson says 

5439
04:40:38,400 --> 04:40:42,400
nothing personal. 
Oh I'm sure Thompson replies 

5440
04:40:42,400 --> 04:40:45,200
just like what happened in 
Prescott was nothing personal 

5441
04:40:45,200 --> 04:40:48,300
Carson's expression. 
Changes slightly At The Mention 

5442
04:40:48,300 --> 04:40:50,800
Of Prescott and you get the 
feeling that there's a whole 

5443
04:40:50,800 --> 04:40:53,300
other story. 
There probably involving more 

5444
04:40:53,300 --> 04:40:56,900
cattle, more disagreements, and 
definitely more scars. 

5445
04:40:58,000 --> 04:41:01,300
That was business. 
Carson says so is this Thompson 

5446
04:41:01,300 --> 04:41:03,500
replies. 
And that's when you realize that

5447
04:41:03,500 --> 04:41:06,000
you're not just witnessing a 
confrontation between men with 

5448
04:41:06,000 --> 04:41:09,400
the disagreement about money. 
Your watching the continuation 

5449
04:41:09,400 --> 04:41:11,100
of something that started 
somewhere else. 

5450
04:41:11,900 --> 04:41:14,500
Probably involving cattle 
because everything in the west 

5451
04:41:14,500 --> 04:41:17,500
seems to involve cattle and 
definitely involving the kind of

5452
04:41:17,508 --> 04:41:19,600
business that leaves scars on 
people's faces. 

5453
04:41:20,400 --> 04:41:22,900
The room has gone completely 
quiet except for the sound of 

5454
04:41:22,908 --> 04:41:26,100
your own heartbeat which seems 
unreasonably loud given the 

5455
04:41:26,108 --> 04:41:29,000
circumstances. 
You're trying to decide whether 

5456
04:41:29,000 --> 04:41:32,300
finishing your whiskey would be 
a good idea, liquid courage, or 

5457
04:41:32,300 --> 04:41:36,100
a terrible idea impaired 
judgment, when Thompson turned 

5458
04:41:36,100 --> 04:41:39,200
slightly and catches your eye. 
You might want to step outside 

5459
04:41:39,200 --> 04:41:40,700
for some are friend. 
He says quietly. 

5460
04:41:41,600 --> 04:41:44,000
Sometimes these business 
discussions, get a little heated

5461
04:41:44,000 --> 04:41:47,100
which is probably the polite as 
way anyone has ever suggested 

5462
04:41:47,100 --> 04:41:49,300
that you evacuate before the 
shooting starts. 

5463
04:41:49,300 --> 04:41:52,100
Here's the thing, about the wild
west, that all those Hollywood 

5464
04:41:52,100 --> 04:41:54,900
movies, got wrong, most 
confrontations didn't end in 

5465
04:41:54,908 --> 04:41:58,600
gunfights the ended in 
negotiations, compromises, and 

5466
04:41:58,600 --> 04:42:00,900
people finding ways to settle 
their difference is without 

5467
04:42:00,900 --> 04:42:03,600
ventilating each other. 
Because despite what the dime 

5468
04:42:03,600 --> 04:42:06,200
novel suggested most folks 
preferred being alive to be 

5469
04:42:06,200 --> 04:42:08,900
being legendary your 
contemplating Thompson 

5470
04:42:08,900 --> 04:42:11,600
suggestion about stepping 
outside when something 

5471
04:42:11,600 --> 04:42:14,300
unexpected happens. 
Carson. 

5472
04:42:14,300 --> 04:42:18,300
Laughs Carson, laughs not with a
menacing or bitter laugh but 

5473
04:42:18,300 --> 04:42:21,300
with an actual genuine laugh 
that changes his entire face. 

5474
04:42:21,300 --> 04:42:24,700
You know what? 
Bill You're absolutely right. 

5475
04:42:24,700 --> 04:42:28,800
This idea is ridiculous. 
He sits back down at his table 

5476
04:42:28,800 --> 04:42:32,200
and the tension in the room 
doesn't exactly disappear, but 

5477
04:42:32,200 --> 04:42:35,400
it shifts into something more 
manageable, removing the timer. 

5478
04:42:35,400 --> 04:42:37,900
Instead of cutting wires is akin
to diffusing a bomb. 

5479
04:42:38,800 --> 04:42:41,000
We're both getting too old for 
this Carson continues. 

5480
04:42:41,000 --> 04:42:43,400
And honestly, my employer is an 
idiot. 

5481
04:42:44,300 --> 04:42:47,000
Thompson turns around still 
holding his whiskey eyebrows 

5482
04:42:47,000 --> 04:42:49,100
raised. 
That's quite an admission coming

5483
04:42:49,100 --> 04:42:50,900
from you. 
Well, it's true. 

5484
04:42:50,900 --> 04:42:53,800
Sending me in the boys all the 
way out here to collect money. 

5485
04:42:53,800 --> 04:42:55,900
That probably doesn't exist from
a job. 

5486
04:42:55,900 --> 04:42:58,700
That went sideways six months 
ago from a man who has been 

5487
04:42:58,708 --> 04:43:00,000
trying to go straight to ever 
since. 

5488
04:43:00,900 --> 04:43:03,000
Carson, shakes his head. 
Some days. 

5489
04:43:03,000 --> 04:43:05,400
I wonder why I don't just buy a 
farm and raise chickens. 

5490
04:43:06,600 --> 04:43:09,300
The shortest Ranger looks 
confused by this turn of events 

5491
04:43:09,300 --> 04:43:11,900
boss. 
We came all this way. 

5492
04:43:11,900 --> 04:43:15,600
I know what we came here for. 
Mike, Carson says, but 

5493
04:43:15,600 --> 04:43:17,700
occasionally, you get somewhere 
and realize the trip wasn't 

5494
04:43:17,700 --> 04:43:20,200
worth taking. 
Thompson moves away from the bar

5495
04:43:20,200 --> 04:43:22,300
but towards Carson's table, not 
toward the door. 

5496
04:43:22,300 --> 04:43:26,100
He pulls out a chair and sits 
down still cautious but no 

5497
04:43:26,100 --> 04:43:28,200
longer looking like he's 
expecting to dodge bullets. 

5498
04:43:29,000 --> 04:43:29,800
So what happens? 
Now. 

5499
04:43:29,800 --> 04:43:34,400
Thompson asks now, Now we finish
our drinks, you tell me what 

5500
04:43:34,400 --> 04:43:36,800
really happened in Tucson, and 
maybe we figure out how to 

5501
04:43:36,808 --> 04:43:39,500
explain to my employer, that his
money disappeared Into Thin Air 

5502
04:43:39,500 --> 04:43:40,900
without anyone getting shot over
it. 

5503
04:43:40,900 --> 04:43:45,700
And just like that, the standoff
becomes a conversation The 

5504
04:43:45,700 --> 04:43:47,700
Cowboys at the front table, 
start breathing again. 

5505
04:43:48,400 --> 04:43:50,300
The poker players. 
Remember they have cards to 

5506
04:43:50,300 --> 04:43:52,500
play? 
The saloon girl begins playing 

5507
04:43:52,500 --> 04:43:55,900
the piano again but this time 
she selects a more cheerful tune

5508
04:43:55,900 --> 04:43:58,500
than the one she played 
previously, you decide to stay 

5509
04:43:58,500 --> 04:44:01,300
put an order another whiskey 
because the scene is turning 

5510
04:44:01,300 --> 04:44:04,200
into, exactly the kind of 
Frontier drama, you came West to

5511
04:44:04,208 --> 04:44:07,900
experience except without the 
Mortal Peril, you hadn't really 

5512
04:44:07,900 --> 04:44:11,400
planned on. 
Thompson signals Jake for 

5513
04:44:11,400 --> 04:44:13,000
another drink and settles into 
his chair. 

5514
04:44:13,900 --> 04:44:15,600
Tucson was a disaster from the 
start. 

5515
04:44:15,600 --> 04:44:18,400
He begins. 
Your employer had a bank that 

5516
04:44:18,400 --> 04:44:22,700
turned out to be expecting us. 
Inside information had to be. 

5517
04:44:23,600 --> 04:44:26,000
We walked into the bank and 
found half the territorial 

5518
04:44:26,000 --> 04:44:29,600
militia waiting for us. 
Lost two, good men, barely got 

5519
04:44:29,600 --> 04:44:33,500
out alive and came away with 
exactly nothing except a new 

5520
04:44:33,500 --> 04:44:36,400
found appreciation for honest 
work, Carson nods. 

5521
04:44:36,400 --> 04:44:38,600
Thought for me, that explains 
some things. 

5522
04:44:38,600 --> 04:44:42,000
My employer has been mighty 
closed, mouth about the details,

5523
04:44:42,000 --> 04:44:46,800
probably because he set us up 
tops and says my guest, He made 

5524
04:44:46,800 --> 04:44:50,100
a deal with the law decided We 
Were Expendable and figured he'd

5525
04:44:50,100 --> 04:44:53,900
collect the reward money in of 
paying us. the shortest Ranger 

5526
04:44:53,900 --> 04:44:58,100
Mike looks between his boss and 
Thompson, like he's watching a 

5527
04:44:58,100 --> 04:45:01,600
tennis match played with words 
and stead of bulls So there 

5528
04:45:01,600 --> 04:45:04,600
never was any money to recover. 
Oh there was money. 

5529
04:45:04,600 --> 04:45:07,600
Thompson says just not where my 
employer thinks it ended up. 

5530
04:45:08,500 --> 04:45:11,000
He reaches into his coat. 
And for a moment, everyone tends

5531
04:45:11,000 --> 04:45:13,000
his again. 
But what he pulls out is a 

5532
04:45:13,000 --> 04:45:14,600
folded piece of paper, not a 
weapon. 

5533
04:45:15,200 --> 04:45:17,600
Bank draft, he explained showing
it to Carson. 

5534
04:45:17,600 --> 04:45:19,900
It was intended for the Tucson 
orphanage. 

5535
04:45:19,900 --> 04:45:22,700
Figured if I was going to steal 
money, I might as well steal it 

5536
04:45:22,700 --> 04:45:25,900
for someone who needed it. 
More than your employer did cast

5537
04:45:25,900 --> 04:45:28,400
an examines the paper and his 
expression shifts to one that 

5538
04:45:28,400 --> 04:45:32,600
could be interpreted as respect.
You donated stolen money to an 

5539
04:45:32,600 --> 04:45:35,800
orphanage. seemed like the right
thing to do at the time tops and

5540
04:45:35,800 --> 04:45:39,700
says, with the shrug still does 
actually Mike looks completely 

5541
04:45:39,700 --> 04:45:42,000
baffled by this turn of events 
boss. 

5542
04:45:42,000 --> 04:45:45,100
What do we tell him back in 
Phoenix, cast and folds, the 

5543
04:45:45,100 --> 04:45:46,800
bank draft and handed back to 
Thompson? 

5544
04:45:47,600 --> 04:45:49,100
We tell him that Bill Thompson 
is dead. 

5545
04:45:50,100 --> 04:45:54,600
What my voice goes up, an octave
died in a gunfight tragic, 

5546
04:45:54,600 --> 04:45:56,900
really? 
We buried him outside of town 

5547
04:45:56,900 --> 04:46:00,400
and said some words a very 
touching ceremony Carson's 

5548
04:46:00,400 --> 04:46:02,600
deadpan delivery would make a 
professional poker player. 

5549
04:46:02,600 --> 04:46:07,000
Proud Money was never recovered.
He probably spent all the money 

5550
04:46:07,000 --> 04:46:10,500
on Whiskey and loose women 
before he died Thompson grins. 

5551
04:46:10,500 --> 04:46:13,600
I like it though. 
I prefer to think I spent on 

5552
04:46:13,600 --> 04:46:17,300
Whiskey and tight women Details 
cars and waves. 

5553
04:46:17,300 --> 04:46:20,200
Dismissively point is, as far as
Phoenix is concerned. 

5554
04:46:20,200 --> 04:46:23,100
This case is closed and that's 
when you realize you've just 

5555
04:46:23,100 --> 04:46:26,100
witnessed something remarkable. 
Problem solved, not with 

5556
04:46:26,100 --> 04:46:30,100
violence but with creativity 
pragmatism and a healthy dose of

5557
04:46:30,108 --> 04:46:33,200
Frontier Justice. 
This solution ensures that 

5558
04:46:33,200 --> 04:46:36,000
everyone leaves with their lives
and dignity intact. 

5559
04:46:36,000 --> 04:46:38,700
The Sloan has returned to 
something approaching normal. 

5560
04:46:38,700 --> 04:46:42,500
The poker game has resumed with 
renewed, enthusiasm, apparently 

5561
04:46:42,500 --> 04:46:45,300
nothing makes cards more 
captivating than the possibility

5562
04:46:45,300 --> 04:46:47,100
that you might not live to play 
another hand. 

5563
04:46:48,000 --> 04:46:50,400
The Cowboys have ordered another
round and a backed And 

5564
04:46:50,400 --> 04:46:52,400
discussing whatever. 
Important Cowboy business they 

5565
04:46:52,400 --> 04:46:54,300
were discussing before the 
excitement started. 

5566
04:46:55,200 --> 04:46:57,600
Carson stands up and extends his
hand to Thompson. 

5567
04:46:58,400 --> 04:47:01,000
It's been a pleasure doing 
business with you Bill, or 

5568
04:47:01,000 --> 04:47:03,000
should I say, it's been a 
pleasure, not doing business 

5569
04:47:03,000 --> 04:47:05,200
with you. 
Thompson shakes, his hand. 

5570
04:47:06,100 --> 04:47:08,700
Likewise give my regards to 
Phoenix. 

5571
04:47:08,700 --> 04:47:13,100
Tell them I died bravely. 
Oh, I will, I will probably 

5572
04:47:13,100 --> 04:47:15,800
include some details about how 
you took three of us with you 

5573
04:47:15,800 --> 04:47:17,300
just to make the story more 
interesting. 

5574
04:47:18,800 --> 04:47:22,200
Mike still looks confused, but 
the third member of Carson's 

5575
04:47:22,200 --> 04:47:25,800
group whose been silent through 
most of this, finally speaks up.

5576
04:47:26,800 --> 04:47:28,700
Does your statement mean we can 
go home now? 

5577
04:47:29,400 --> 04:47:30,600
I'm tired of sleeping on the 
ground. 

5578
04:47:31,500 --> 04:47:34,600
Yes, Eddie we can go home. 
Carson says patiently and we can

5579
04:47:34,608 --> 04:47:36,700
stop at that hotel in Flagstaff 
on the way back. 

5580
04:47:37,600 --> 04:47:40,700
The one with the actual beds, 
the one with the actual beds. 

5581
04:47:41,400 --> 04:47:43,400
Eddie brightens considerably at 
this news. 

5582
04:47:43,400 --> 04:47:46,500
Apparently even in the wild 
west, a good night's sleep was 

5583
04:47:46,500 --> 04:47:50,700
worth more than a questionable, 
gunfight As Carson's group 

5584
04:47:50,700 --> 04:47:53,700
prepares to leave the Tool Man. 
Pauses at your table. 

5585
04:47:53,700 --> 04:47:57,100
Thanks for the entertainment. 
He says not often do we get to 

5586
04:47:57,100 --> 04:47:59,300
watch a business meeting that 
ends with everyone still 

5587
04:47:59,300 --> 04:48:02,200
breathing? 
My pleasure, your reply, Raise 

5588
04:48:02,200 --> 04:48:05,200
Your Glass in a small salute. 
Here's to create a problem 

5589
04:48:05,200 --> 04:48:07,400
solving. 
I'll drink to that. 

5590
04:48:07,400 --> 04:48:11,200
Carson says, and surprisingly, 
he does finishing his whiskey in

5591
04:48:11,208 --> 04:48:14,200
one, smooth, motion before 
tipping, his hat and heading for

5592
04:48:14,200 --> 04:48:17,600
the door. 
The saloon settles in to a 

5593
04:48:17,600 --> 04:48:19,400
comfortable evening Rhythm. 
As the three strangers 

5594
04:48:19,400 --> 04:48:23,100
disappear, through the Batwing, 
doors, Thompson moves to the bar

5595
04:48:23,100 --> 04:48:26,000
orders, another whiskey and 
Strikes up a conversation with 

5596
04:48:26,000 --> 04:48:28,000
Jacob about the weather and the 
price of cattle. 

5597
04:48:28,000 --> 04:48:31,500
You sit back in your chair, 
nursing your second whiskey and 

5598
04:48:31,508 --> 04:48:35,300
marveling at what you've just 
experienced in the span of two 

5599
04:48:35,300 --> 04:48:37,200
hours. 
You've witnessed a Manhunt a 

5600
04:48:37,200 --> 04:48:40,200
standoff and negotiation and a 
resolution that would have made 

5601
04:48:40,200 --> 04:48:43,000
Solomon proud. 
You've seen grown men solve 

5602
04:48:43,000 --> 04:48:45,700
their problems with words and 
stead of weapons and creativity 

5603
04:48:45,700 --> 04:48:48,900
and of violence. 
The saloon girl starts playing 

5604
04:48:48,900 --> 04:48:52,100
Red River Valley and this time 
she gets all the notes, right? 

5605
04:48:52,800 --> 04:48:54,400
The poker players are laughing 
at something. 

5606
04:48:54,400 --> 04:48:57,700
The prospector said, the Cowboys
are planning their next cattle 

5607
04:48:57,700 --> 04:49:01,100
drive and you're sitting in a 
wild West Tavern, drinking 

5608
04:49:01,100 --> 04:49:04,900
whiskey that tastes like liquid.
Campfire, eating stew that could

5609
04:49:04,908 --> 04:49:08,500
keep you going for a week and 
thinking that maybe just maybe 

5610
04:49:08,500 --> 04:49:11,700
the real wild west was more 
intriguing than any Hollywood 

5611
04:49:11,700 --> 04:49:15,300
movie ever suggested. 
Because the truth is most 

5612
04:49:15,300 --> 04:49:17,000
people, then just like, most 
people. 

5613
04:49:17,000 --> 04:49:19,800
Now, we're just trying to get 
through their day without too 

5614
04:49:19,800 --> 04:49:21,700
much trouble. 
They wanted to eat a decent 

5615
04:49:21,700 --> 04:49:25,300
meal, have a drink with friends,
maybe play some cards and go 

5616
04:49:25,300 --> 04:49:28,100
home to their families. 
The fact that they sometimes 

5617
04:49:28,100 --> 04:49:31,300
carried guns and settled 
disputes with duals, doesn't 

5618
04:49:31,300 --> 04:49:34,400
mean they preferred violence. 
It just means they lived in a 

5619
04:49:34,400 --> 04:49:36,800
time and place where being 
prepared for trouble was a 

5620
04:49:36,800 --> 04:49:40,400
practical necessity. 
As the evening winds down and 

5621
04:49:40,400 --> 04:49:43,200
you can consider heading to 
whatever passes for logging in 

5622
04:49:43,200 --> 04:49:46,400
this Frontier Town, you reflect 
on the lesson you've learned 

5623
04:49:46,400 --> 04:49:48,900
tonight. 
Sometimes the most dangerous 

5624
04:49:48,900 --> 04:49:52,300
situations are resolved, not by 
the fastest gun or the strongest

5625
04:49:52,300 --> 04:49:54,900
fighter. 
But by the person clever enough 

5626
04:49:54,900 --> 04:49:57,500
to find a solution that lets 
everyone walk away with their 

5627
04:49:57,500 --> 04:50:01,300
pride intact. 
Thompson glances at you from the

5628
04:50:01,300 --> 04:50:05,000
bar, raising his glass in a 
small salute to orphanages, he 

5629
04:50:05,000 --> 04:50:08,400
says, quietly to often edges, 
you reply, and you both drink to

5630
04:50:08,400 --> 04:50:10,200
the kind of justice that doesn't
make headlines. 

5631
04:50:10,200 --> 04:50:11,700
But makes the world a little bit
better. 

5632
04:50:11,700 --> 04:50:15,300
One small Act of decency. 
At a time, outside the desert 

5633
04:50:15,300 --> 04:50:18,700
night is clear and cold full of 
stars that seem close enough to 

5634
04:50:18,700 --> 04:50:23,100
touch Inside the Silver Dollar 
Saloon the oil, lamps burn, warm

5635
04:50:23,100 --> 04:50:26,900
and steady the piano plays soft 
Melodies and people who've never

5636
04:50:26,900 --> 04:50:30,300
met before tomorrow will be 
strangers again, sharing stories

5637
04:50:30,300 --> 04:50:32,600
and whiskey and the kind of 
companionship that Travelers 

5638
04:50:32,600 --> 04:50:34,300
have always found in places like
this. 

5639
04:50:35,200 --> 04:50:38,500
And that more than any gunfight,
or cattle, rustling, or Gold 

5640
04:50:38,500 --> 04:50:42,300
Rush drama, is what the wild 
west was really about people 

5641
04:50:42,300 --> 04:50:46,100
finding ways to connect to solve
problems and to help each other 

5642
04:50:46,100 --> 04:50:48,900
through the challenges of living
in a hard place during a hard 

5643
04:50:48,900 --> 04:50:51,400
time. 
Your stew is long finish. 

5644
04:50:51,400 --> 04:50:54,300
Your whiskey glasses is empty 
and your adventure. 

5645
04:50:54,300 --> 04:50:56,000
In Frontier. 
Dining is complete. 

5646
04:50:57,000 --> 04:50:59,400
Tomorrow, you'll climb back on 
that Stagecoach and continue 

5647
04:50:59,400 --> 04:51:02,900
West carrying with you, the 
memory of an evening, when the 

5648
04:51:02,900 --> 04:51:06,300
wild west revealed itself to be 
not quite as wild as advertised,

5649
04:51:06,300 --> 04:51:09,400
but infinitely more fascinating 
than you'd expected. 

5650
04:51:10,200 --> 04:51:13,000
Sometimes the best stories 
aren't about the fastest, guns, 

5651
04:51:13,000 --> 04:51:16,000
or the biggest fights, sometimes
they're about the moments. 

5652
04:51:16,000 --> 04:51:19,000
When Ordinary People find 
extraordinary ways to be decent 

5653
04:51:19,000 --> 04:51:22,400
to each other even when 
especially when it would be 

5654
04:51:22,400 --> 04:51:25,500
easier not to be. 
And with that thought you finish

5655
04:51:25,500 --> 04:51:29,100
your whiskey tip your hat to 
Jake the bartender nod, Fair 

5656
04:51:29,100 --> 04:51:32,000
well, to Thompson and the other 
patrons, and push through those 

5657
04:51:32,000 --> 04:51:35,200
famous batwing doors into the 
star-filled desert night, 

5658
04:51:35,200 --> 04:51:37,400
carrying with you, a story worth
telling. 

5659
04:51:37,400 --> 04:51:40,200
And the kind of satisfied 
tiredness that comes from a day.

5660
04:51:40,200 --> 04:51:44,000
Well, lived and an evening. 
Well, spent the Silver Dollar 

5661
04:51:44,000 --> 04:51:45,800
Saloon settles into its 
nighttime. 

5662
04:51:45,800 --> 04:51:48,200
Rhythm behind. 
You, ready to welcome the next 

5663
04:51:48,200 --> 04:51:50,900
traveler. 
The next Story, the next small 

5664
04:51:50,900 --> 04:51:54,400
drama of frontier life. 
Because that's what places like 

5665
04:51:54,400 --> 04:51:56,800
this. 
Do they provide a stage where 

5666
04:51:56,800 --> 04:51:59,900
ordinary people can have 
extraordinary moments a 

5667
04:51:59,900 --> 04:52:02,500
strangers can become friends 
over shared meal and a glass of 

5668
04:52:02,500 --> 04:52:05,100
something that might charitably 
be called whiskey. 

5669
04:52:05,900 --> 04:52:08,700
And in the morning, the 
stagecoach will come and you'll 

5670
04:52:08,700 --> 04:52:10,700
climb aboard for the next leg of
your journey. 

5671
04:52:10,700 --> 04:52:13,200
But you'll always remember the 
night, you learned that the real

5672
04:52:13,200 --> 04:52:16,600
wild west wasn't one with guns. 
It was one with conversation 

5673
04:52:16,600 --> 04:52:20,900
creativity and the kind of human
decency that transcends time and

5674
04:52:20,900 --> 04:52:24,400
place Suite dreams Travelers the
frontier awaits. 

5675
04:52:24,400 --> 04:52:27,000
And now, you know, it's not 
quite as dangerous as the story 

5676
04:52:27,000 --> 04:52:29,900
suggests, just infinitely more 
interesting than you ever 

5677
04:52:29,900 --> 04:52:37,100
imagined. 
Nikola Tesla's boyhood in the 

5678
04:52:37,100 --> 04:52:49,100
small village of smilianets. 
Even amid this pastoral backdrop

5679
04:52:49,100 --> 04:52:51,400
Tesla found ways to indulge his 
curiosity. 

5680
04:52:52,400 --> 04:52:56,200
His father milutin was an 
orthodox priest often occupied 

5681
04:52:56,200 --> 04:52:59,600
by religious duties, but he also
possessed a serious Library 

5682
04:52:59,600 --> 04:53:01,900
where young Nicholas snuck away 
to read. 

5683
04:53:01,900 --> 04:53:05,400
In fact, Tesla frequently, 
credited, these secretive 

5684
04:53:05,400 --> 04:53:08,500
Explorations for sparking, his 
fascination with science. 

5685
04:53:08,500 --> 04:53:12,500
Meanwhile, his mother duka a 
resourceful and gifted woman 

5686
04:53:12,500 --> 04:53:16,000
crafted household tools, with 
her hands, granting Tesla 

5687
04:53:16,000 --> 04:53:17,800
first-hand. 
Look at the interplay between 

5688
04:53:17,800 --> 04:53:22,100
imagination and utility. 
One story that rarely gets 

5689
04:53:22,100 --> 04:53:26,700
retold overshadowed perhaps by 
Granda, anecdotes involved a 

5690
04:53:26,700 --> 04:53:30,300
small wooden water wheel. 
He built at age 9 determined to 

5691
04:53:30,308 --> 04:53:32,700
harness the Turning stream that 
ran behind his home. 

5692
04:53:33,500 --> 04:53:37,100
Tesla carved, rough paddles, 
from scavenge Driftwood, an 

5693
04:53:37,100 --> 04:53:39,500
improvised and axle from a 
broken carpart. 

5694
04:53:39,500 --> 04:53:44,800
While the contrivance was crude,
it worked sort of its spotted 

5695
04:53:44,800 --> 04:53:47,800
and jammed more often than its 
fun, but this half success 

5696
04:53:47,800 --> 04:53:51,700
taught him, the power of 
redirecting Natural Forces even 

5697
04:53:51,700 --> 04:53:54,700
as a child he recognized that 
nature has tremendous energy 

5698
04:53:54,700 --> 04:53:58,700
just waiting to be tapped. 
It was also, during these early 

5699
04:53:58,700 --> 04:54:01,200
years, that Tesla started 
experiencing a cute 

5700
04:54:01,200 --> 04:54:04,600
visualizations later. 
He described how bright flashes 

5701
04:54:04,600 --> 04:54:07,300
before his eyes would conjure 
Vivid images of objects. 

5702
04:54:07,300 --> 04:54:11,000
He hadn't even witnessed before 
this phenomenon, which he called

5703
04:54:11,000 --> 04:54:15,000
his mind's eye sometimes, 
unsettled people around him, but

5704
04:54:15,000 --> 04:54:18,100
it had a silver lining. 
Whenever an idea flickered 

5705
04:54:18,100 --> 04:54:21,100
through his Consciousness, he 
could examine its details in 

5706
04:54:21,100 --> 04:54:24,600
these mental pictures rotating 
and refining them before he ever

5707
04:54:24,600 --> 04:54:28,100
set pen to paper. 
This unique ability often 

5708
04:54:28,100 --> 04:54:31,400
minimized in popular accounts 
shaped his inventive process. 

5709
04:54:32,400 --> 04:54:35,800
Of course, not all was a 
delicate as a Schoolboy, Tesla 

5710
04:54:35,800 --> 04:54:38,500
nurse or rebellious streak and 
low throughout memorization. 

5711
04:54:39,400 --> 04:54:42,100
His teacher wants, scolded him 
for insisting that the Earth was

5712
04:54:42,100 --> 04:54:45,300
a giant magnet telling, the 
class that Tesla was letting his

5713
04:54:45,300 --> 04:54:48,800
imagination run wild. 
The teacher was unaware of how 

5714
04:54:48,800 --> 04:54:52,100
close Tesla was to the truth, 
nor how that minor humiliation 

5715
04:54:52,100 --> 04:54:54,400
inspired him to study, magnetism
more thoroughly. 

5716
04:54:55,200 --> 04:54:56,800
Some say the seeds of his 
future. 

5717
04:54:56,800 --> 04:55:01,700
AC motor began here in the 
tension between Authority and 

5718
04:55:01,700 --> 04:55:05,600
Tesla's unwavering self-belief 
in spare moments. 

5719
04:55:05,600 --> 04:55:09,000
Young Tesla found camaraderie 
with friends who joined in his 

5720
04:55:09,000 --> 04:55:12,800
experiments like building. 
Hand cranked contractions were 

5721
04:55:12,800 --> 04:55:15,600
trying to talk through Tin Can 
telephones yet. 

5722
04:55:15,600 --> 04:55:19,500
If a Contraption fail Tesla 
vanished into introspection, 

5723
04:55:20,300 --> 04:55:22,500
Recalculating every step in his 
mind. 

5724
04:55:23,300 --> 04:55:26,900
In those hours, no one could pry
him away from his Reflections. 

5725
04:55:26,900 --> 04:55:30,100
It was as if he was lost in that
luminous in a workshop. 

5726
04:55:30,900 --> 04:55:33,100
Despite bouts of quiet 
withdrawal. 

5727
04:55:33,100 --> 04:55:35,000
Tesla still lived in a 
household. 

5728
04:55:35,000 --> 04:55:38,500
That valued performance. 
Actually rhetorical Flair. 

5729
04:55:39,200 --> 04:55:41,900
His father believed in the power
of eloquence and would often 

5730
04:55:41,900 --> 04:55:45,600
deliver stirring orations. 
Perhaps this is how Tesla 

5731
04:55:45,600 --> 04:55:47,700
learned to present radical ideas
with poise. 

5732
04:55:47,700 --> 04:55:51,400
He also gleaned from his mother,
the virtue of patient tinkering 

5733
04:55:51,400 --> 04:55:54,400
an aspect overshadowed by 
stories of His Brilliant. 

5734
04:55:54,400 --> 04:55:58,500
Flashes of insight though, 
untrained formerly Duke is 

5735
04:55:58,500 --> 04:56:01,000
improvisational skills. 
Showed him that great inventions

5736
04:56:01,000 --> 04:56:02,700
need not come from Grand 
laboratory trees. 

5737
04:56:02,700 --> 04:56:06,300
They could begin at a humble 
table or by the Riverside as 

5738
04:56:06,300 --> 04:56:08,000
long as one had the drive to see
them through. 

5739
04:56:08,000 --> 04:56:11,300
By the time he reached out 
lessons Tesla had devoured 

5740
04:56:11,300 --> 04:56:13,300
nearly every science book in his
father's Library. 

5741
04:56:13,300 --> 04:56:16,500
He immersed himself in 
electricity, magnetism 

5742
04:56:16,500 --> 04:56:20,000
mechanical wanders. 
His Fascination growing with 

5743
04:56:20,000 --> 04:56:24,300
each page late at night, when 
the household slept and a single

5744
04:56:24,300 --> 04:56:27,200
kerosene lamp. 
Flickered in the corridor Tesla 

5745
04:56:27,200 --> 04:56:30,300
mold over New Concepts, making 
mental notes on how to apply 

5746
04:56:30,300 --> 04:56:33,300
them. 
He never just read he scouted 

5747
04:56:33,300 --> 04:56:36,300
for Clues. 
Each bit of knowledge layering 

5748
04:56:36,300 --> 04:56:39,900
onto his mental designs. 
These experiences in Smule 

5749
04:56:39,900 --> 04:56:43,500
formed the Bedrock of a lifetime
of invention while the world 

5750
04:56:43,500 --> 04:56:46,500
would one day witness Teslas 
theatrical experiments and 

5751
04:56:46,508 --> 04:56:50,400
transformative, discoveries. 
It All Began beside a murmuring 

5752
04:56:50,400 --> 04:56:54,100
Creek and within the hush of a 
modest Library there free from 

5753
04:56:54,100 --> 04:56:58,800
Urban clamor Tesla, learned the 
value of curiosity, observation 

5754
04:56:58,800 --> 04:57:02,600
and sustained, determination. 
It was in this unassuming 

5755
04:57:02,600 --> 04:57:06,100
domain, where wooden water 
wheels sputtered and a boy's 

5756
04:57:06,100 --> 04:57:09,300
imagination soared that the 
seeds of an extraordinary 

5757
04:57:09,300 --> 04:57:10,700
Destiny. 
First took Route. 

5758
04:57:11,600 --> 04:57:14,700
Perhaps most telling these 
formative years cemented in 

5759
04:57:14,700 --> 04:57:17,100
Tesla, a lifelong pattern of 
introspection and 

5760
04:57:17,100 --> 04:57:20,300
experimentation the young 
inventor, not only absorbed 

5761
04:57:20,300 --> 04:57:24,400
Knoll Village, he reinvented it 
in his imagination for him. 

5762
04:57:24,400 --> 04:57:28,600
Smilin was not a Backwater, it 
was a secluded incubator for 

5763
04:57:28,600 --> 04:57:32,800
unexplored possibilities. 
Tesla's departure from home was 

5764
04:57:32,800 --> 04:57:35,500
spurred by academic Pursuits 
that beckoned him to larger 

5765
04:57:35,500 --> 04:57:38,200
Arenas. 
Eventually Landing him at the 

5766
04:57:38,208 --> 04:57:41,900
Austrian Polytechnic in grass. 
The environment there, demanded 

5767
04:57:41,900 --> 04:57:45,300
rigor, which suited Tesla's 
capacity for total immersion? 

5768
04:57:46,200 --> 04:57:49,000
He sank his teeth into 
mathematics physics and 

5769
04:57:49,000 --> 04:57:52,400
mechanics with a feverish 
intensity professors noted, his 

5770
04:57:52,400 --> 04:57:55,300
uncanny ability to answer 
complex theoretical questions 

5771
04:57:55,300 --> 04:57:58,600
without referencing textbooks. 
A result of his extraordinary 

5772
04:57:58,600 --> 04:58:03,200
mental visualization, However, 
the spark that truly lit. 

5773
04:58:03,200 --> 04:58:07,700
His imagination was the direct 
current DC electrical Machinery.

5774
04:58:07,700 --> 04:58:11,600
In the school's Labs 
conventional wisdom suggested DC

5775
04:58:11,600 --> 04:58:14,300
was the future of power. 
But Tesla found its 

5776
04:58:14,300 --> 04:58:17,600
inefficiencies. 
Maddening observing, how DC 

5777
04:58:17,600 --> 04:58:19,900
motors generated Sparks and 
wasted energy. 

5778
04:58:19,900 --> 04:58:23,800
He questioned how nobody noticed
a better pathway when one 

5779
04:58:23,800 --> 04:58:26,200
Professor pronounced that 
harnessing alternating current 

5780
04:58:26,200 --> 04:58:29,000
AC at scale was an 
impossibility. 

5781
04:58:29,000 --> 04:58:33,100
Tesla resisted, the urge to 
argue instead, he spent late 

5782
04:58:33,100 --> 04:58:36,100
nights in his boarding room 
sketching out rotating magnetic 

5783
04:58:36,100 --> 04:58:39,200
fields in his head if he dozed 
off at all, it was with 

5784
04:58:39,200 --> 04:58:41,200
diagrams. 
Dancing across his eyelids 

5785
04:58:41,200 --> 04:58:45,300
despite his academic prowess. 
Tesla stinting, grass did not 

5786
04:58:45,308 --> 04:58:49,300
end smoothly exhaustion and 
perhaps an underlying rebellious

5787
04:58:49,300 --> 04:58:52,700
streak contributed to friction 
with University administrators. 

5788
04:58:52,700 --> 04:58:56,600
He wants Rigdon experiment to 
demonstrate a refined my method 

5789
04:58:56,600 --> 04:58:58,100
for measuring electric 
resistance. 

5790
04:58:59,000 --> 04:59:01,600
When the apparatus 
short-circuited Tesla found 

5791
04:59:01,600 --> 04:59:04,600
himself facing the wrath of a 
professor, outraged by 

5792
04:59:04,600 --> 04:59:09,200
unorthodox experimentation. 
Feeling unwelcome Tesla walked 

5793
04:59:09,200 --> 04:59:11,500
out leaving conventional 
Academia behind. 

5794
04:59:12,800 --> 04:59:16,700
From grads, Tesla moved to other
opportunities, including a brief

5795
04:59:16,700 --> 04:59:18,500
and often overlooked period in 
Marburg. 

5796
04:59:18,500 --> 04:59:22,100
Now maribor Slovenia there, a 
shadow seemed to fall over him. 

5797
04:59:22,800 --> 04:59:26,500
Separated from the camera of 
classmates, grappled with bouts 

5798
04:59:26,500 --> 04:59:30,300
of anxiety, without structured 
lab access Tesla turned to 

5799
04:59:30,300 --> 04:59:33,600
solitary experiments tinkering 
with leftover scraps of metal 

5800
04:59:33,600 --> 04:59:37,500
and wire yet the glue of 
isolation ordered him and he 

5801
04:59:37,500 --> 04:59:40,900
eventually returned home for a 
spell, his confidence rattled 

5802
04:59:40,900 --> 04:59:44,700
but not shattered. 
It was in Budapest or working at

5803
04:59:44,700 --> 04:59:48,200
The Budapest telephone exchange 
that Tesla began to regain his 

5804
04:59:48,200 --> 04:59:50,600
footing. 
In that frenetic workspace, he 

5805
04:59:50,600 --> 04:59:53,200
was tasked with improving the 
nascent telephone systems 

5806
04:59:53,200 --> 04:59:58,000
design. one less circulated 
story details, how Tesla, once 

5807
04:59:58,000 --> 05:00:01,300
clambered onto a rooftop to 
adjust overhead Line's the 

5808
05:00:01,300 --> 05:00:04,100
lightning flashes, giving him 
new ideas about high frequency, 

5809
05:00:04,100 --> 05:00:07,600
current colleagues regarded him,
as eccentric competent, 

5810
05:00:08,300 --> 05:00:10,300
Crucially. 
It was during a routine walk 

5811
05:00:10,300 --> 05:00:13,300
through Budapest city park that 
the notion of the rotating 

5812
05:00:13,300 --> 05:00:15,500
magnetic field crystallized in 
his mind. 

5813
05:00:16,400 --> 05:00:19,500
Inspired by a poem. 
He recited aloud Tesla. 

5814
05:00:19,500 --> 05:00:22,700
Abruptly stopped drew a stick 
from the ground and began 

5815
05:00:22,700 --> 05:00:24,900
tracing swirling diagrams in the
dirt. 

5816
05:00:25,700 --> 05:00:28,400
He explained to His companion. 
How two or more alternating 

5817
05:00:28,400 --> 05:00:32,200
currents out of phase, could 
induce a rotating field capable 

5818
05:00:32,200 --> 05:00:34,700
of spinning a motor that Eureka 
moment. 

5819
05:00:34,700 --> 05:00:36,600
Set the course for his next 
inventions. 

5820
05:00:36,600 --> 05:00:39,900
It was an unveiling of practical
AC Concepts in the most 

5821
05:00:39,900 --> 05:00:44,400
unassuming of settings, Far From
Any official laboratory shortly.

5822
05:00:44,400 --> 05:00:47,500
After Tesla found himself with 
an opportunity in Paris working 

5823
05:00:47,500 --> 05:00:49,100
for the Continental Edison 
Company. 

5824
05:00:49,100 --> 05:00:52,300
His tasks involved 
troubleshooting installations of

5825
05:00:52,300 --> 05:00:56,300
Edison's DC Systems, the very 
technology that had vexed him 

5826
05:00:56,300 --> 05:01:00,200
back at graze, even so the job 
introduced him to real world 

5827
05:01:00,200 --> 05:01:03,600
engineering Challengers from 
power outages to generate a 

5828
05:01:03,600 --> 05:01:07,600
malfunctions like day Tesla, 
tackled these issues, coming 

5829
05:01:07,600 --> 05:01:09,700
something of a specialist in 
diagnosing, electrical 

5830
05:01:09,700 --> 05:01:13,400
breakdowns by night. 
He refined sketches of his AC 

5831
05:01:13,400 --> 05:01:16,500
motor desperately wishing for 
the chance to build a prototype.

5832
05:01:17,500 --> 05:01:19,900
The interplay between The Daily 
Grind of DC, Hardware 

5833
05:01:19,900 --> 05:01:23,700
maintenance, and the nightly 
pursuit of AC Innovation lent, 

5834
05:01:23,700 --> 05:01:25,600
testers life are peculiar 
Duality. 

5835
05:01:25,600 --> 05:01:28,900
An unresolved tension between 
the present and what he 

5836
05:01:28,900 --> 05:01:31,000
believed. 
The future should be, although, 

5837
05:01:31,000 --> 05:01:34,800
overshadowed by the high drama 
of Lady years, These formative 

5838
05:01:34,800 --> 05:01:37,900
experiences taught Tesla 
resilience, he learned how to 

5839
05:01:37,908 --> 05:01:41,200
negotiate limited resources, how
to observe the smallest 

5840
05:01:41,200 --> 05:01:43,000
anomalies and mechanical 
performance. 

5841
05:01:43,800 --> 05:01:46,900
And how to coax Visions from his
mind into workable sketches. 

5842
05:01:47,900 --> 05:01:51,400
more importantly, his confidence
in the feasibility of AC power 

5843
05:01:51,400 --> 05:01:55,000
solidified, even as he undertook
the tedium of dc-based 

5844
05:01:55,000 --> 05:01:58,400
assignments, The world around 
him might have regarded a sea as

5845
05:01:58,400 --> 05:02:00,500
a flight of fancy. 
But in his eyes it was the 

5846
05:02:00,500 --> 05:02:03,500
rightful heir to the electrical 
throw waiting for its moment to 

5847
05:02:03,500 --> 05:02:06,500
shine. 
Tesla's fateful Journey to the 

5848
05:02:06,500 --> 05:02:11,400
United States in 1884 has often 
been romanticized yet, a host of

5849
05:02:11,400 --> 05:02:13,800
lesson, known details in Rich 
that narrative. 

5850
05:02:13,800 --> 05:02:17,200
He arrived in New York, with 
next to nothing carrying a 

5851
05:02:17,200 --> 05:02:19,300
letter of introduction to 
Thomas, Edison from his former 

5852
05:02:19,300 --> 05:02:22,500
employer in Paris. 
The letter supposedly claimed 

5853
05:02:22,500 --> 05:02:24,400
Tesla was an exceptional 
engineer. 

5854
05:02:24,400 --> 05:02:27,200
Who would produce one wonders in
popular? 

5855
05:02:27,200 --> 05:02:32,200
Italian counter frame's Tesla 
and Edison as instant Rivals but

5856
05:02:32,200 --> 05:02:35,500
in truth their relationship 
began with cautious respect. 

5857
05:02:36,300 --> 05:02:39,600
Edison recognized Tesla's 
competence right away and put 

5858
05:02:39,600 --> 05:02:42,500
him to work on projects, deemed 
to intricate or menial for 

5859
05:02:42,500 --> 05:02:45,000
others. 
There's a story one, not widely 

5860
05:02:45,000 --> 05:02:47,900
circulated, the Tesla fixed to 
defective shipboard. 

5861
05:02:47,900 --> 05:02:51,700
Lighting system saving Edison's 
company from contract penalties,

5862
05:02:52,500 --> 05:02:54,100
Tesla. 
Never used it as Leverage. 

5863
05:02:54,800 --> 05:02:59,300
Still Edison noticed intrigued 
by Tesla's meticulous approach. 

5864
05:02:59,300 --> 05:03:04,300
He assigned him to redesign DC, 
generators Tesla toiled day. 

5865
05:03:04,300 --> 05:03:06,700
And night, confident, his 
improvements would prove their 

5866
05:03:06,700 --> 05:03:10,000
worth and they did. 
But when he sought remuneration 

5867
05:03:10,000 --> 05:03:13,600
misunderstandings piled up, it 
wasn't a single dispute. 

5868
05:03:13,600 --> 05:03:18,000
Over a massive bonus, more, a 
pattern of unkept promises and 

5869
05:03:18,000 --> 05:03:22,000
blurred expectations. 
By early 1885 the veneer of 

5870
05:03:22,008 --> 05:03:25,600
cordiality evaporated and Tesla 
left Edison's employee. 

5871
05:03:26,600 --> 05:03:28,600
That was the Genesis of a 
rivalry later. 

5872
05:03:28,600 --> 05:03:32,600
Amplified by newspapers driven 
more by conflicting Technologies

5873
05:03:32,600 --> 05:03:36,500
than personal hatred, Financial 
troubles Bessette Tesla almost 

5874
05:03:36,500 --> 05:03:39,400
immediately with fewer 
acquaintances in New York. 

5875
05:03:39,400 --> 05:03:41,800
He found himself digging ditches
for two dollars a day. 

5876
05:03:41,808 --> 05:03:46,300
It might have been that physical
labor under a harsh Sun, that 

5877
05:03:46,300 --> 05:03:49,300
sharpened his resolve. 
He told a friend that while his 

5878
05:03:49,300 --> 05:03:52,000
body dug ditches, his mind was 
far away. 

5879
05:03:52,000 --> 05:03:54,600
To describing to call arcs of 
thought. 

5880
05:03:55,600 --> 05:03:57,500
Where some might have fallen 
into despair. 

5881
05:03:57,500 --> 05:04:00,600
Tesla saw an interval to refine 
his intended path. 

5882
05:04:01,500 --> 05:04:04,200
That path led to the formation 
of Tesla electric light and 

5883
05:04:04,208 --> 05:04:06,900
Manufacturing. 
His first entrepreneurial 

5884
05:04:06,900 --> 05:04:10,800
venture in America, he secured 
backers, who at first promised 

5885
05:04:10,800 --> 05:04:13,400
to let him develop Arc Lighting 
systems and eventually his 

5886
05:04:13,400 --> 05:04:16,600
prized AC Motors. 
However, once tested delivered, 

5887
05:04:16,600 --> 05:04:19,500
an efficient Arc lighting 
solution, those investors showed

5888
05:04:19,500 --> 05:04:24,600
no interest in AC Capital wanted
quick returns, not imaginative 

5889
05:04:24,600 --> 05:04:27,400
leaps. 
Frustrated, Tesla found himself 

5890
05:04:27,400 --> 05:04:30,900
pushed out of the very company. 
Bearing, his name This episode 

5891
05:04:30,900 --> 05:04:33,800
left him, wary of business 
Partnerships and taught him that

5892
05:04:33,800 --> 05:04:36,300
investors valued immediate 
profit over long-term Vision 

5893
05:04:36,300 --> 05:04:40,500
undeterred, Tesla began to 
demonstrate his AC motor concept

5894
05:04:40,500 --> 05:04:42,100
and small lecture halls around 
the city. 

5895
05:04:42,100 --> 05:04:45,200
One venue. 
The back room of a modest 

5896
05:04:45,200 --> 05:04:48,000
Manhattan building had an 
audience of barely 20 people. 

5897
05:04:48,800 --> 05:04:52,300
But among them was Alfred S 
brown, the Western Union 

5898
05:04:52,300 --> 05:04:56,100
superintendent, who recognized 
Tesla's potential another backer

5899
05:04:56,100 --> 05:05:00,700
Charles Peck also attended. 
Together, they formed a 

5900
05:05:00,700 --> 05:05:03,800
partnership with Tesla pledging 
to support his AC technology. 

5901
05:05:04,700 --> 05:05:07,200
These unglamorous, session's 
laid vital groundwork for 

5902
05:05:07,200 --> 05:05:10,900
Tesla's next breakthrough. 
Soon with Newfound supporters, 

5903
05:05:10,900 --> 05:05:14,900
Tesla established a laboratory 
at 89 Liberty Street Manhattan. 

5904
05:05:14,900 --> 05:05:18,100
Amid coils of wire and 
improvised setups. 

5905
05:05:18,100 --> 05:05:21,500
He tinkered relentlessly. 
The space was cramped, but 

5906
05:05:21,500 --> 05:05:24,300
offered Freedom. 
He constructed prototypes of the

5907
05:05:24,300 --> 05:05:27,600
polyphase, AC motor 
painstakingly refining them 

5908
05:05:27,600 --> 05:05:29,500
until they could run smoothly 
under load. 

5909
05:05:30,400 --> 05:05:32,100
Maintaining a consistent 
rotating. 

5910
05:05:32,100 --> 05:05:35,700
Magnetic field was one Challenge
and it didn't damage the 

5911
05:05:35,700 --> 05:05:39,700
apparatus over time was another 
Tesla, tackled each, obstacle 

5912
05:05:39,700 --> 05:05:43,500
systematically relying on mental
simulations before any real 

5913
05:05:43,500 --> 05:05:46,300
world tests, one anecdote from 
this period. 

5914
05:05:46,300 --> 05:05:49,300
Recounts Tesla experimenting 
with high-speed turbines that 

5915
05:05:49,300 --> 05:05:54,000
let out unnerving wines. 
Passes by grew weary prompting 

5916
05:05:54,000 --> 05:05:57,000
multiple visits from the local 
fire brigade, after neighbors, 

5917
05:05:57,000 --> 05:06:00,900
complained of Sparks. 
Tesla oblivious to the fuss 

5918
05:06:00,900 --> 05:06:04,200
would apologize earnestly. 
Then resumed his adjustments. 

5919
05:06:04,200 --> 05:06:07,200
The moment they left. 
Such episodes highlight his 

5920
05:06:07,200 --> 05:06:10,800
tendency to live almost entirely
in his realm of ideas, paying 

5921
05:06:10,800 --> 05:06:14,400
little heed to outside alarm. 
While public fascination with 

5922
05:06:14,400 --> 05:06:17,400
the electricity, was on the rise
spurred by the novelty of 

5923
05:06:17,400 --> 05:06:19,800
electric lights. 
Most industrialists, still 

5924
05:06:19,800 --> 05:06:23,900
viewed a sea with caution. 
Tesla's goal was not simply to 

5925
05:06:23,900 --> 05:06:26,800
make a sea Motors feasible, but 
to persuade key players that 

5926
05:06:26,800 --> 05:06:29,800
this technology was reliable 
safe and profitable. 

5927
05:06:30,600 --> 05:06:32,700
Each small success in his lab 
bolstered. 

5928
05:06:32,700 --> 05:06:36,400
His resolve inching him closer 
to a grand future shaped by 

5929
05:06:36,400 --> 05:06:38,900
alternating current truly 
Unstoppable. 

5930
05:06:40,300 --> 05:06:44,300
By 1888 Tesla was ready to 
unveil his AC motor to the world

5931
05:06:44,300 --> 05:06:47,200
and the venue was the American 
Institute of electrical 

5932
05:06:47,200 --> 05:06:49,900
engineers. 
Well, typical accounts 

5933
05:06:49,900 --> 05:06:51,700
highlight, the significance of 
this event. 

5934
05:06:51,700 --> 05:06:54,600
If you explore the hushed. 
Excitement that filled that 

5935
05:06:54,608 --> 05:06:58,100
lecture hall, attendees 
included, professors journalists

5936
05:06:58,100 --> 05:07:01,900
and Industrial Titans, all a 
buzz with talk of a new era in 

5937
05:07:01,900 --> 05:07:05,000
electrical distribution. 
Some were openly skeptical 

5938
05:07:05,000 --> 05:07:07,700
others arrived hoping to witness
the demise of what they 

5939
05:07:07,700 --> 05:07:11,800
considered an Impossible Dream. 
Tesla walked onto the stage with

5940
05:07:11,800 --> 05:07:14,900
a calm demeanor, unveiling, his 
motor and discussing its 

5941
05:07:14,900 --> 05:07:16,900
principles with methodical 
precision. 

5942
05:07:17,600 --> 05:07:20,600
Crucially in the audience, sat 
George Westinghouse who had 

5943
05:07:20,600 --> 05:07:22,500
embraced AC for power 
transmission. 

5944
05:07:23,400 --> 05:07:27,000
Impressed by Tesla's Clarity and
the Elegance in his motor 

5945
05:07:27,000 --> 05:07:29,600
Westinghouse. 
Quickly reached out in 

5946
05:07:29,600 --> 05:07:32,200
negotiations, he purchased 
Tesla's patents for a 

5947
05:07:32,208 --> 05:07:35,200
substantial sum and promised 
royalties for every horse power 

5948
05:07:35,200 --> 05:07:38,700
generated by his invention. 
while mainstream retellings, 

5949
05:07:38,700 --> 05:07:41,700
mentioned the deal, the Nuance 
of their discussions shaped by 

5950
05:07:41,708 --> 05:07:45,000
Tesla's vision for future 
expansion of AC off often 

5951
05:07:45,000 --> 05:07:48,700
remains overlooked With 
westinghouse's backing Tesla, 

5952
05:07:48,700 --> 05:07:51,800
moved into a well-resourced 
facility in Pittsburgh to refine

5953
05:07:51,800 --> 05:07:53,400
his designs for commercial 
production. 

5954
05:07:54,600 --> 05:07:56,900
The cultural shift from his 
Liberty Street lab to an 

5955
05:07:56,900 --> 05:08:00,900
industrial setting was Stark. 
Tesla sort perfect Synergy of 

5956
05:08:00,900 --> 05:08:03,900
frequency and voltage, while 
corporate Engineers focused on 

5957
05:08:03,900 --> 05:08:07,800
standardized Parts despite 
tension, seeing his Motors mass 

5958
05:08:07,800 --> 05:08:08,900
produced. 
Thrilled him. 

5959
05:08:08,900 --> 05:08:13,200
He was elated when AC systems 
lit, parts of the 1893 World 

5960
05:08:13,200 --> 05:08:15,000
Columbian. 
Exposition in Chicago, 

5961
05:08:15,000 --> 05:08:18,700
showcasing a cityscape of glow 
with alternating current 

5962
05:08:18,700 --> 05:08:20,900
courtesy of Westinghouse and 
Tesla. 

5963
05:08:21,700 --> 05:08:24,300
A lesser known interlude 
occurred when Tesla visited 

5964
05:08:24,300 --> 05:08:27,300
Niagara Falls to survey the 
planned. 

5965
05:08:27,300 --> 05:08:30,400
Hydroelectric station. 
Standing at the brink of the 

5966
05:08:30,400 --> 05:08:34,100
Thundering Cascade, he 
reportedly Muse that harnessing,

5967
05:08:34,100 --> 05:08:37,500
such power would reflect 
Humanity's harmony with nature 

5968
05:08:37,500 --> 05:08:41,500
when it went on line delivering 
electricity as far as Buffalo, 

5969
05:08:41,500 --> 05:08:46,200
it proved ACS potency yet the 
war of the currents fueled by 

5970
05:08:46,200 --> 05:08:49,800
Edison's campaign labeling, AC, 
dangerous cast Shadows on these 

5971
05:08:49,800 --> 05:08:53,400
achievements. 
Edison's allies staged gruesome 

5972
05:08:53,400 --> 05:08:56,000
demonstrations. 
Electrocuting animals to 

5973
05:08:56,000 --> 05:08:59,800
highlight Aces hazards. 
Tesla though offended voided. 

5974
05:08:59,800 --> 05:09:03,500
Direct public attacks. 
Instead, he showcased Aces 

5975
05:09:03,500 --> 05:09:06,500
safety and flamboyant ways. 
Passing high frequency, currents

5976
05:09:06,500 --> 05:09:10,600
through himself to light lamps, 
Newspapers seized on these spec 

5977
05:09:10,600 --> 05:09:14,100
circles Tesla, disliked 
theatrics for mere hype, but saw

5978
05:09:14,100 --> 05:09:17,400
them as necessary to shift 
perception, Tesla's finances, 

5979
05:09:17,400 --> 05:09:20,500
briefly soared his arrangement 
with Westinghouse promised 

5980
05:09:20,500 --> 05:09:24,700
substantial gains as AC spread. 
However, Westinghouse soon faced

5981
05:09:24,700 --> 05:09:27,100
Financial strain from the 
Niagara project and Market 

5982
05:09:27,100 --> 05:09:29,200
fluctuations. 
When Bankers threatened, the 

5983
05:09:29,208 --> 05:09:32,100
Westinghouse company. 
Tesla made a dramatic Choice. 

5984
05:09:32,100 --> 05:09:35,300
He released Westinghouse from 
the heavy royalty agreement. 

5985
05:09:35,300 --> 05:09:39,900
Some theaters altruism others 
suspect that he believed broader

5986
05:09:39,900 --> 05:09:43,000
AC adoption would bring even 
greater wealth down the line. 

5987
05:09:43,000 --> 05:09:45,800
Either way, this decision cost 
him. 

5988
05:09:45,800 --> 05:09:49,000
Millions that shifted Tesla's 
partnership. 

5989
05:09:49,000 --> 05:09:52,800
With Westinghouse, meanwhile his
growing celebrity pushed him to 

5990
05:09:52,800 --> 05:09:56,400
chase new ideas, fascinated by 
high frequency, currents, and 

5991
05:09:56,400 --> 05:09:58,000
wireless power. 
He had debt that. 

5992
05:09:58,000 --> 05:10:00,300
AC power distribution, was only 
a starting point. 

5993
05:10:01,200 --> 05:10:04,200
His pivot from danger to 
Visionary signal, the door of a 

5994
05:10:04,200 --> 05:10:08,100
new phase yet, the transition 
was uneasy industry leaders 

5995
05:10:08,100 --> 05:10:12,300
wanted market-ready products not
Grand at Tesla. 

5996
05:10:12,300 --> 05:10:14,700
Ever. 
The dreamer earn to break 

5997
05:10:14,700 --> 05:10:18,400
boundaries This Clash set the 
stage for his most audacious 

5998
05:10:18,400 --> 05:10:21,900
projects, some of which risk 
isolated him from commercial 

5999
05:10:21,900 --> 05:10:25,000
backers. 
Even so, as a sea quietly became

6000
05:10:25,000 --> 05:10:28,400
the worldwide, standard Tesla's 
decisive role, could not be 

6001
05:10:28,400 --> 05:10:30,900
denied. 
He had toppled the seemingly 

6002
05:10:30,900 --> 05:10:34,400
immovable dies, regime and paved
the road for an era defined by 

6003
05:10:34,400 --> 05:10:37,400
alternating current. 
A feat that left him eager to 

6004
05:10:37,408 --> 05:10:39,200
explore even more Uncharted 
Terrain. 

6005
05:10:40,000 --> 05:10:43,100
These winds fueled Tesla's. 
Restless imagination propelling,

6006
05:10:43,100 --> 05:10:47,800
further innovation, By the 
mid-1890s Tesla had garnered a 

6007
05:10:47,800 --> 05:10:50,900
reputation as an inventor who 
might rewrite the laws of nature

6008
05:10:50,900 --> 05:10:53,400
with each new contrivance in 
truth. 

6009
05:10:53,400 --> 05:10:57,400
His methods combined meticulous 
trial and error with knights of 

6010
05:10:57,400 --> 05:11:00,900
solitary reflection. 
He fashioned Advanced coils to 

6011
05:11:00,900 --> 05:11:04,300
produce high voltage, high 
frequency, alternating currents,

6012
05:11:04,300 --> 05:11:07,100
creating dramatic arts of our, 
artificial lightning. 

6013
05:11:07,800 --> 05:11:10,100
While crowds flocked to watch 
his public lectures in 

6014
05:11:10,100 --> 05:11:13,800
Manhattan, Tesla was growing 
Restless longing for a place 

6015
05:11:13,800 --> 05:11:16,500
where he could attempt even 
bigger experiments unencumbered 

6016
05:11:16,500 --> 05:11:20,300
by City constraints. 
That desire took him to Colorado

6017
05:11:20,300 --> 05:11:24,000
Springs in 1899 perched at a 
higher altitude where thinner 

6018
05:11:24,000 --> 05:11:26,700
are helped facilitate certain 
high voltage tests. 

6019
05:11:26,700 --> 05:11:31,200
The remote location was an ideal
Laboratory. he set up shop at 

6020
05:11:31,200 --> 05:11:33,800
the edge of town building, a 
structure equipped with a tall, 

6021
05:11:33,800 --> 05:11:37,600
Mast jutting of the roofline 
Local spoke in hushed tones 

6022
05:11:37,600 --> 05:11:41,500
about lightning machines and 
Eerie after dark glows, some 

6023
05:11:41,500 --> 05:11:43,000
worried about potential 
catastrophe. 

6024
05:11:43,000 --> 05:11:46,000
Well, others were simply curious
about the lanky figure who 

6025
05:11:46,000 --> 05:11:49,300
wandered fields at odd hours. 
Studying the interplay of 

6026
05:11:49,308 --> 05:11:54,100
natural lightning inside that 
Workshop Tesla, probed Frontiers

6027
05:11:54,100 --> 05:11:56,300
that mainstream scientists had 
scarcely. 

6028
05:11:56,300 --> 05:11:59,700
Imagined, if excited on the 
Resonance of Earth's ionosphere 

6029
05:11:59,700 --> 05:12:02,700
believing signals could be 
beamed wirelessly across vast 

6030
05:12:02,700 --> 05:12:06,300
distances if properly tuned. 
According to diary entries, he 

6031
05:12:06,300 --> 05:12:10,500
meticulously recorded Every 
Spark, every flash, every ear, 

6032
05:12:10,500 --> 05:12:13,500
splitting crack of artificial 
Thunder on occasion. 

6033
05:12:13,500 --> 05:12:16,700
He produced such intense 
discharges, that the crackle 

6034
05:12:16,700 --> 05:12:19,700
could be heard for miles. 
One account claims that he 

6035
05:12:19,700 --> 05:12:23,100
caused the local power station's
generated to overheat prompting,

6036
05:12:23,100 --> 05:12:25,700
a short lived blackout ever the 
polite. 

6037
05:12:25,700 --> 05:12:29,900
Guest Tesla apologized, then 
resumed tinkering in Colorado, 

6038
05:12:29,900 --> 05:12:34,000
Tesla crystallized his Grand 
Vision, System of Global 

6039
05:12:34,000 --> 05:12:36,400
Wireless communication and power
distribution. 

6040
05:12:36,400 --> 05:12:41,200
The townspeople hearing rumors 
of free electricity speculated, 

6041
05:12:41,200 --> 05:12:42,900
he might Supply Power at no 
cost. 

6042
05:12:42,900 --> 05:12:46,600
Tesla's goals. 
However, were subtle The picture

6043
05:12:46,600 --> 05:12:49,100
networks of towers resonating 
with the Earth's natural 

6044
05:12:49,100 --> 05:12:51,900
electrical charge carrying Voice
or energy anywhere. 

6045
05:12:52,500 --> 05:12:55,700
This concept was a precursor to 
technologies that would surface 

6046
05:12:55,700 --> 05:12:58,800
decades later from Radio 
Transmissions to radar and 

6047
05:12:58,800 --> 05:13:02,600
Beyond yet life in Colorado was 
more than just experiments and 

6048
05:13:02,600 --> 05:13:05,400
thunderous Arts. 
Tesla, occasionally, mingled 

6049
05:13:05,400 --> 05:13:08,300
with the locals regaling, them 
with Tales of Europe and his 

6050
05:13:08,308 --> 05:13:12,400
early explodes in New York. 
Despite his eccentric schedule 

6051
05:13:12,400 --> 05:13:16,400
he possessed impeccable manners,
one story recounts how he gave a

6052
05:13:16,400 --> 05:13:19,700
personal demo of Wireless lamps 
to a bewildered blacksmith who 

6053
05:13:19,700 --> 05:13:22,900
later insisted Tesla was pulling
electricity from thin air. 

6054
05:13:23,800 --> 05:13:27,100
Such encounters spurred Legends 
of Tesla as a wizard blending 

6055
05:13:27,100 --> 05:13:28,900
science with something like 
sorcery. 

6056
05:13:29,600 --> 05:13:33,200
Still financing these colossal 
tests drain Tesla's resources 

6057
05:13:33,200 --> 05:13:37,000
his main backer JP Morgan had 
initially supported. 

6058
05:13:37,000 --> 05:13:40,400
The wireless project likely, 
anticipating a monopoly on 

6059
05:13:40,400 --> 05:13:43,800
global information. 
But once Morgan realized Tesla's

6060
05:13:43,800 --> 05:13:47,000
schemes were far, more ambitious
and riskier than mere Wireless. 

6061
05:13:47,000 --> 05:13:49,500
Telegraphy his enthusiasm 
cooled. 

6062
05:13:50,300 --> 05:13:53,600
Tesla pressed on convinced one 
decisive demonstration would 

6063
05:13:53,600 --> 05:13:57,400
open funding floodgates that 
breakthrough, however, remained 

6064
05:13:57,400 --> 05:14:00,800
a Lucifer newspapers, Amplified 
rumors about Tesla's activities.

6065
05:14:00,800 --> 05:14:04,100
Some claiming he was attempting 
to Signal distant planets 

6066
05:14:04,100 --> 05:14:06,200
though. 
Tesla did speculate about 

6067
05:14:06,200 --> 05:14:09,900
extraterrestrial intelligence. 
His real focus on terrestrial 

6068
05:14:09,900 --> 05:14:13,800
Wireless the lurid headlines. 
While fueling his Legend did 

6069
05:14:13,800 --> 05:14:16,800
little to alleviate his 
financial pressures eventually. 

6070
05:14:16,800 --> 05:14:21,400
Funds ran low forcing Tesla to 
close the Colorado lab in 1900. 

6071
05:14:21,400 --> 05:14:25,700
He left with crates of notes and
under diminished Zeal convinced,

6072
05:14:25,700 --> 05:14:27,700
he could still bring Wireless 
power to the masses. 

6073
05:14:28,600 --> 05:14:32,300
For townspeople Left Behind the 
memory of glowing skies and 

6074
05:14:32,300 --> 05:14:35,900
roiling static lingered a 
testament to the spectacular 

6075
05:14:35,900 --> 05:14:37,900
possibilities that science could
conjure. 

6076
05:14:38,500 --> 05:14:42,900
For Tesla, her Colorado Springs 
became a pivotal chapter, a 

6077
05:14:42,900 --> 05:14:45,300
Proving Ground, that fortified 
his belief in the Limitless 

6078
05:14:45,300 --> 05:14:47,000
potential of electrical 
resonance. 

6079
05:14:47,000 --> 05:14:49,700
It was there. 
He most clearly foresaw, a 

6080
05:14:49,700 --> 05:14:53,200
connected World boundless by 
wires than by the atmospheric 

6081
05:14:53,200 --> 05:14:56,800
and Earth circling energies. 
He aimed to harness in hindsight

6082
05:14:56,800 --> 05:14:59,500
Colorado was the Overture to his
next attempt at Global 

6083
05:14:59,500 --> 05:15:02,000
electrification. 
An attempt that would manifest 

6084
05:15:02,000 --> 05:15:04,600
in the Towering outline of 
warden cliff on Long Island 

6085
05:15:04,600 --> 05:15:08,000
Shores. 
Upon returning to New York Tesla

6086
05:15:08,000 --> 05:15:10,900
Consolidated, his finding from 
Colorado Springs into an 

6087
05:15:10,900 --> 05:15:15,400
audacious new Venture, the 
warden Cliff Tower project With 

6088
05:15:15,400 --> 05:15:17,700
Finance from JP Morgan initially
obtained. 

6089
05:15:17,700 --> 05:15:19,400
Under the premise of 
groundbreaking Wireless 

6090
05:15:19,400 --> 05:15:22,900
telegraphy Tesla purchased land 
in Shoreham Long Island. 

6091
05:15:22,900 --> 05:15:27,300
Overlooking the Atlantic. 
Construction began in 1901. 

6092
05:15:27,300 --> 05:15:30,500
The looming structure. 
Stood nearly mad at 87 ft. 

6093
05:15:30,500 --> 05:15:34,500
High topped by bulbous metal 
Dome, an extended deep below 

6094
05:15:34,500 --> 05:15:37,500
ground through a network of iron
rods many. 

6095
05:15:37,500 --> 05:15:39,600
Observers have no idea what to 
make of it. 

6096
05:15:39,600 --> 05:15:44,400
Tesla ever enigmatic preferred 
sweeping claims about sending 

6097
05:15:44,400 --> 05:15:46,400
both signals and energy across 
continents. 

6098
05:15:46,400 --> 05:15:49,900
What often goes on appreciated 
is, How Deeply testable believed

6099
05:15:49,900 --> 05:15:53,300
in the underlying physics? 
His notes show that Warden Cliff

6100
05:15:53,300 --> 05:15:56,800
wasn't limited to broadcasting, 
Telegraph signals, he intended 

6101
05:15:56,800 --> 05:15:57,900
it. 
As the first of many 

6102
05:15:57,900 --> 05:16:01,300
transmitters, all resonating 
with Earth's natural, electrical

6103
05:16:01,300 --> 05:16:04,700
cavities to convey messages or 
even power to any matching 

6104
05:16:04,700 --> 05:16:08,200
receiver worldwide. 
In his mind, it wasn't fantasy. 

6105
05:16:08,200 --> 05:16:11,300
It was a logical leap from the 
high voltage experiments. 

6106
05:16:11,300 --> 05:16:14,900
He had run in Colorado Springs. 
However, the timing was not in 

6107
05:16:14,900 --> 05:16:18,600
his favor in the same year that 
Warden Cliffs skeletal form. 

6108
05:16:18,600 --> 05:16:22,100
Emerged from the Treetops. 
Guly Elmo, Marconi successfully 

6109
05:16:22,100 --> 05:16:24,900
conducted the first 
transatlantic radio transmission

6110
05:16:24,900 --> 05:16:28,300
reporters, Hail Mary as a giant 
in wireless. 

6111
05:16:28,300 --> 05:16:33,000
Communication Tesla, outraged 
pointed out that his own patents

6112
05:16:33,000 --> 05:16:34,400
on. 
Alternating current and related 

6113
05:16:34,400 --> 05:16:36,400
Technologies. 
Predated Marconi's work. 

6114
05:16:37,300 --> 05:16:39,900
Nevertheless, the public and 
financiers were smitten with 

6115
05:16:39,908 --> 05:16:43,000
Marconi's simpler, more 
immediately marketable setup. 

6116
05:16:44,000 --> 05:16:47,400
Morgan's patients were thin 
white bankroll testers, massive 

6117
05:16:47,400 --> 05:16:49,500
Tower. 
If Marconi is apparatus suffice 

6118
05:16:49,500 --> 05:16:53,500
for long distance, signaling 
Warden Cliff still incomplete 

6119
05:16:53,500 --> 05:16:55,900
henreid. 
Money, the crew building at 

6120
05:16:55,900 --> 05:16:59,800
dwindled salary went on paid and
Tesla found himself pleading for

6121
05:16:59,800 --> 05:17:02,600
fresh capital. 
Each conversation with Morgan 

6122
05:17:02,600 --> 05:17:06,000
ended in thirst demands for 
tangible proof which Tesla 

6123
05:17:06,000 --> 05:17:10,600
couldn't produce fast enough. 
Desperate for funds, Tesla tried

6124
05:17:10,600 --> 05:17:13,900
licensing, auxiliary inventions,
turbines pumps. 

6125
05:17:13,900 --> 05:17:17,500
And even a plan to harness 
geothermal heat, But investors 

6126
05:17:17,500 --> 05:17:20,500
questioned his broader 
intentions where he might have 

6127
05:17:20,500 --> 05:17:23,900
pivot their money into the tower
as Financial constraints 

6128
05:17:23,900 --> 05:17:26,500
tightened. 
Warden Clifford remained, a half

6129
05:17:26,508 --> 05:17:30,500
realized vision. 
By 1905, the site was 

6130
05:17:30,500 --> 05:17:34,500
effectively deserted the tower, 
a silent Monument to Tesla's 

6131
05:17:34,500 --> 05:17:38,100
Ambitions and the shifting tides
of investor faith during these 

6132
05:17:38,100 --> 05:17:41,200
Bleak years. 
Tesla's public Persona grew more

6133
05:17:41,200 --> 05:17:44,200
eccentric, journalists 
occasionally interviewed him 

6134
05:17:44,200 --> 05:17:48,500
only to hear about proposals for
death Rays or atmospheric power 

6135
05:17:48,500 --> 05:17:51,500
rumors circulated that he was 
becoming a recluse. 

6136
05:17:52,500 --> 05:17:56,100
Yet his mind State, agile, 
continuing to churn out 

6137
05:17:56,100 --> 05:17:58,900
possibilities. 
He Force solar energy as a 

6138
05:17:58,908 --> 05:18:01,200
future Mainstay though, few 
listened. 

6139
05:18:01,900 --> 05:18:04,700
The industrial World seemed 
enthralled by an oil and coal. 

6140
05:18:05,400 --> 05:18:07,900
While Tesla's music is about 
sun, powered engines, Drew 

6141
05:18:07,900 --> 05:18:11,700
smirks Warden, Cliff was never 
fully operational and the 

6142
05:18:11,700 --> 05:18:13,900
newspapers. 
Offered little sympathy some 

6143
05:18:13,900 --> 05:18:16,600
newspapers, ridiculed him 
portraying him as an unrealistic

6144
05:18:16,600 --> 05:18:19,300
idea list others. 
Barely mentioned his name 

6145
05:18:19,300 --> 05:18:22,900
focusing instead on Marconi's 
ongoing successes. 

6146
05:18:22,900 --> 05:18:27,900
The Sting of being overshadowed 
was palpable Tesla clung to the 

6147
05:18:27,908 --> 05:18:30,700
belief that one day the world 
would recognize the practicality

6148
05:18:30,700 --> 05:18:34,500
of Wireless power. 
Indeed, later generations would 

6149
05:18:34,500 --> 05:18:36,900
adapt many of his principles for
radio and Beyond. 

6150
05:18:37,700 --> 05:18:40,600
But in his time, the towers 
failure, left him saddled with 

6151
05:18:40,608 --> 05:18:43,600
debt and weighed down by public 
skepticism even. 

6152
05:18:43,600 --> 05:18:45,700
So Tesla didn't abandon 
optimism. 

6153
05:18:45,700 --> 05:18:49,200
He often spoke as if Warden 
Cliff had simply been delayed, 

6154
05:18:49,200 --> 05:18:53,600
not canceled in private, he 
refined sketches of improved 

6155
05:18:53,600 --> 05:18:57,600
transmitters reimagined, the 
towers design and kept dreaming 

6156
05:18:57,600 --> 05:19:00,500
of a worldwide grid of resonance
stations. 

6157
05:19:00,500 --> 05:19:03,700
He believed that the planet 
itself with its vast. 

6158
05:19:03,700 --> 05:19:06,600
Electrical potential could be 
turned into a conduit of 

6159
05:19:06,600 --> 05:19:09,700
universal energy. 
The fact that Society was not 

6160
05:19:09,700 --> 05:19:13,200
ready, did little to dampen his 
conviction despite setbacks 

6161
05:19:13,200 --> 05:19:15,900
fragments of Tesla's Vision, 
crept into later. 

6162
05:19:15,900 --> 05:19:19,200
Technological revolution's. 
Wireless communication would 

6163
05:19:19,200 --> 05:19:21,500
evolve in Leaps and Bounds 
powered. 

6164
05:19:21,500 --> 05:19:24,700
By the more conventional means 
Concepts like Global 

6165
05:19:24,700 --> 05:19:27,600
connectivity and broadcast 
energy dismissed in Tesla's day,

6166
05:19:27,600 --> 05:19:30,300
surface decades, afterward, in 
varying forms. 

6167
05:19:30,300 --> 05:19:33,900
Yet at the dawn of the 20th 
century Tesla faced only 

6168
05:19:33,900 --> 05:19:37,600
mounting bills evaporating 
capital and a tower rusting away

6169
05:19:37,600 --> 05:19:41,100
on Long Island. 
The Heartbreak of wardenclyffe 

6170
05:19:41,100 --> 05:19:44,400
marked a turning point leaving 
Tesla to operate mostly on the 

6171
05:19:44,400 --> 05:19:48,000
margins of an industry. 
He had once revolutionized, As 

6172
05:19:48,000 --> 05:19:50,300
the 20th century marched on the 
world. 

6173
05:19:50,300 --> 05:19:52,300
Tesla had done so much to 
illuminate. 

6174
05:19:52,300 --> 05:19:56,500
Surged ahead, the AC systems, he
championed became the backbone 

6175
05:19:56,500 --> 05:20:00,300
of modern infrastructure yet, 
Tesla himself slipped from the 

6176
05:20:00,300 --> 05:20:03,200
spotlight, He moved between New 
York hotels. 

6177
05:20:03,200 --> 05:20:07,200
Sometimes leaving unpaid bills 
behind public interviews, grew 

6178
05:20:07,200 --> 05:20:10,700
sparse when he did speak. 
He mentioned theories of beam. 

6179
05:20:10,700 --> 05:20:14,700
Weapons weather manipulation and
advanced propulsion sowing 

6180
05:20:14,700 --> 05:20:17,200
intrigued, even some questioned 
his grasp on reality. 

6181
05:20:18,300 --> 05:20:21,600
But his notebooks to the extent,
they survive reveal how these 

6182
05:20:21,600 --> 05:20:24,500
ideas build on earlier 
experiments rather than mere 

6183
05:20:24,500 --> 05:20:27,600
Whimsy. 
A lesser known facet of Tesla's 

6184
05:20:27,600 --> 05:20:29,300
later. 
Life was his nightly ritual of 

6185
05:20:29,308 --> 05:20:33,500
feeding, pigeons in Bryant Park,
Observers saw a solitary figure 

6186
05:20:33,500 --> 05:20:37,800
scattering seeds by Lamplight 
but Tesla found solace and 

6187
05:20:37,800 --> 05:20:41,000
caring for those birds. 
Planing a special bond with one 

6188
05:20:41,000 --> 05:20:44,100
white pigeon in particular. 
It may have seemed an odd 

6189
05:20:44,100 --> 05:20:46,700
Pastime for a renowned inventor 
yet. 

6190
05:20:46,700 --> 05:20:49,400
It reflected a familiar pattern.
Tesla's. 

6191
05:20:49,400 --> 05:20:52,300
Deep empathy for natural, 
phenomena creatures included. 

6192
05:20:53,300 --> 05:20:56,500
Meanwhile, patent disputes raged
over the origins of radio. 

6193
05:20:56,500 --> 05:21:00,600
Tesla had filed patents before 
Marconi's breakthroughs yet. 

6194
05:21:00,600 --> 05:21:03,300
Marconi was lauded for bringing 
Wireless transmission into the 

6195
05:21:03,308 --> 05:21:06,600
mainstream. 
The legal entanglements dragged 

6196
05:21:06,600 --> 05:21:10,900
on for years. 
In 1943, the US Supreme Court 

6197
05:21:10,900 --> 05:21:13,600
finally recognized Tesla's 
priority for peace. 

6198
05:21:13,600 --> 05:21:17,400
Certain critical radio patents. 
Though, this Vindication arrived

6199
05:21:17,400 --> 05:21:19,200
too late to alter his financial 
Straits. 

6200
05:21:20,000 --> 05:21:23,500
He was never able to capitalize 
on the official ruling nor did 

6201
05:21:23,500 --> 05:21:25,900
it quell, The public's 
Association of radio primarily 

6202
05:21:25,900 --> 05:21:29,300
with Marconi. 
Tesla spent his final stretch of

6203
05:21:29,300 --> 05:21:33,100
Life at the New Yorker Hotel. 
Though, short on funds, he still

6204
05:21:33,100 --> 05:21:37,300
scrolled ideas on scraps of 
paper proposing, cosmic ray 

6205
05:21:37,300 --> 05:21:40,900
engines and new power methods. 
Visitors, who managed to see him

6206
05:21:40,900 --> 05:21:44,900
fight him animated and eloquent.
Speaking in polished tones About

6207
05:21:44,900 --> 05:21:48,200
harnessing the energy of the Sun
or channeling power from the 

6208
05:21:48,200 --> 05:21:51,700
Earth's magnetic field. 
He believed that her telephone 

6209
05:21:51,700 --> 05:21:54,900
beam could end War by making 
National borders in penetrable. 

6210
05:21:55,600 --> 05:21:59,100
To many these Notions sounded 
impossible yet Tesla's. 

6211
05:21:59,100 --> 05:22:02,800
Track record left room to wonder
When he passed away on January 

6212
05:22:02,800 --> 05:22:08,100
7th of 1943 in room 3327, he 
left behind boxes of documents 

6213
05:22:08,100 --> 05:22:10,000
that soon. 
Became the subject of intense 

6214
05:22:10,000 --> 05:22:13,000
scrutiny Authority. 
Seize, some of his papers 

6215
05:22:13,000 --> 05:22:16,200
fuelling Rumours of hidden in 
aviation or weapons to dangerous

6216
05:22:16,200 --> 05:22:19,200
for public consumption. 
Conspiracy theories. 

6217
05:22:19,200 --> 05:22:23,000
Flourished, while the reality 
likely involved routine, 

6218
05:22:23,000 --> 05:22:26,900
security concerns the secrecy 
lent, Mystique to Tesla's Legacy

6219
05:22:27,800 --> 05:22:31,100
It became hard to disentangle 
fact from folklore over the 

6220
05:22:31,100 --> 05:22:33,800
decades. 
Tesla standing in popular 

6221
05:22:33,800 --> 05:22:37,400
Consciousness swung wildly 
Edison's name overshadowed his 

6222
05:22:37,400 --> 05:22:41,900
for a time especially in school 
textbooks only later did your 

6223
05:22:41,900 --> 05:22:44,000
movements rise to credit Tesla 
for his revolutionary 

6224
05:22:44,000 --> 05:22:48,900
contributions, to AC power radio
technology and more modern 

6225
05:22:48,900 --> 05:22:51,600
Engineers scientists. 
And curious lay people 

6226
05:22:51,600 --> 05:22:54,900
uncovered, his patents and 
writings marveling at how he'd 

6227
05:22:54,900 --> 05:22:58,500
anticipated entire fields of 
inquiry from robotics to 

6228
05:22:58,500 --> 05:23:01,700
wireless communication. 
His pioneering theories on 

6229
05:23:01,700 --> 05:23:04,500
residents and frequency. 
All informed aspects of modern 

6230
05:23:04,500 --> 05:23:06,700
electronics, though. 
That debt was seldom 

6231
05:23:06,700 --> 05:23:09,400
acknowledged until much later in
daily life. 

6232
05:23:11,000 --> 05:23:14,800
In Tesla's true genius shines in
the simplest of ways, flick, a 

6233
05:23:14,808 --> 05:23:17,300
light switch and you reap. 
The benefits of alternating 

6234
05:23:17,300 --> 05:23:20,000
current. 
Use wireless device is and you 

6235
05:23:20,008 --> 05:23:22,900
operate on a principal tester 
believed could reach across the 

6236
05:23:22,900 --> 05:23:25,900
planet. 
The Synergy envisioned between 

6237
05:23:25,900 --> 05:23:28,200
inventor nature and the 
Unstoppable. 

6238
05:23:28,200 --> 05:23:31,400
March of progress remains a 
potent, reminder of how one 

6239
05:23:31,400 --> 05:23:33,600
brilliant mind can shape hole 
errors. 

6240
05:23:33,600 --> 05:23:38,100
Test Tesla's story is above all,
a study, and perseverance and 

6241
05:23:38,100 --> 05:23:40,500
Paradox. 
He shunned the pursuit of wealth

6242
05:23:40,500 --> 05:23:42,700
yet needed Capital to 
materialize his dreams. 

6243
05:23:43,400 --> 05:23:45,100
He relished public 
demonstrations yet. 

6244
05:23:45,100 --> 05:23:48,000
Often worked Alone lost in 
interior worlds. 

6245
05:23:48,600 --> 05:23:52,700
He was both lauded and dismissed
recognized as a key figure in an

6246
05:23:52,700 --> 05:23:54,500
electrifying, the modern world 
yet. 

6247
05:23:54,500 --> 05:23:57,100
Branded at times as an 
eccentric, on the fringes of 

6248
05:23:57,100 --> 05:24:00,600
acceptable science. 
Even, so, he left an imprint 

6249
05:24:00,600 --> 05:24:03,500
rivaled by few long after his 
death. 

6250
05:24:03,500 --> 05:24:07,600
The hum of AC power lines, the 
glow of electric lamps and the 

6251
05:24:07,608 --> 05:24:10,700
chirp of Wireless signals Echo, 
Tesla's influence. 

6252
05:24:10,700 --> 05:24:14,200
He never saw the breadth of his 
Triumph in person, yet. 

6253
05:24:14,200 --> 05:24:16,500
The future, he glimpsed was Not 
Mere fantasy. 

6254
05:24:16,500 --> 05:24:20,100
It was an inevitable extension 
of the forces, he harnessed so 

6255
05:24:20,100 --> 05:24:22,700
elegantly. 
And though, the man himself 

6256
05:24:22,700 --> 05:24:26,900
passed in relative, obscurity, 
his ideas still crackled with a 

6257
05:24:26,900 --> 05:24:29,300
Vitality that defies the 
boundaries of time and 

6258
05:24:29,300 --> 05:24:37,100
Imagination. 
Your standing on a wooden 

6259
05:24:37,108 --> 05:24:40,400
platform somewhere in Ohio and 
it's 1847. 

6260
05:24:41,300 --> 05:24:44,100
The morning air smells primarily
of cold smoke, with a hint of 

6261
05:24:44,108 --> 05:24:47,800
Adventure, your carpet bag, sits
Heavy in Your Hands, stuffed 

6262
05:24:47,800 --> 05:24:49,800
with everything. 
You own that seemed important 

6263
05:24:49,800 --> 05:24:52,000
three days ago when you decided 
to Head West. 

6264
05:24:52,000 --> 05:24:55,400
Now you're wondering why you 
packed two pairs of Sunday shoes

6265
05:24:55,400 --> 05:24:58,800
and only one spare shirt. 
The locomotive sits before you, 

6266
05:24:58,800 --> 05:25:02,000
hissing and clanking like some 
great Metal Beast with 

6267
05:25:02,000 --> 05:25:04,700
indigestion. 
Steam Puffs from various 

6268
05:25:04,700 --> 05:25:07,100
openings and you can't shake the
feeling that the whole 

6269
05:25:07,108 --> 05:25:09,100
Contraption might explode at any
moment. 

6270
05:25:09,900 --> 05:25:12,600
The engineer a grizzled man, 
with arms, like tree. 

6271
05:25:12,600 --> 05:25:15,000
Trunks seems remarkably 
unconcerned about this 

6272
05:25:15,000 --> 05:25:17,900
possibility. 
He's probably seen enough boiler

6273
05:25:17,900 --> 05:25:19,400
explosions. 
To know what one looks like 

6274
05:25:19,400 --> 05:25:22,400
before it happens. 
This thought doesn't comfort you

6275
05:25:22,400 --> 05:25:25,700
as much as you'd hoped. 
You climb aboard, the passenger 

6276
05:25:25,700 --> 05:25:28,400
car which is essentially a 
wooden box on Wheels with 

6277
05:25:28,400 --> 05:25:31,000
Windows. 
The seats are arranged in rows 

6278
05:25:31,000 --> 05:25:34,800
facing forward though. 
Seats is perhaps too generous a 

6279
05:25:34,800 --> 05:25:38,400
term they're more like church 
pews with backs upholstered in 

6280
05:25:38,400 --> 05:25:40,500
horse hair that prickles through
your clothes. 

6281
05:25:41,400 --> 05:25:43,800
The aisle between them is narrow
enough, that two people can't 

6282
05:25:43,800 --> 05:25:46,100
pass without one of them sucking
in their stomach and doing a 

6283
05:25:46,100 --> 05:25:49,000
little sideways Shuffle. 
Were fellow passengers are 

6284
05:25:49,000 --> 05:25:51,600
settling in around you. 
There's a woman in, a severe, 

6285
05:25:51,600 --> 05:25:54,000
black dress who's already 
claimed the window seat and 

6286
05:25:54,000 --> 05:25:55,800
looks like she defend it with 
her life. 

6287
05:25:56,800 --> 05:26:00,000
Behind her a traveling salesman,
arranges his sample cases with 

6288
05:26:00,000 --> 05:26:03,300
the Precision of a military 
operation across the aisle. 

6289
05:26:03,300 --> 05:26:06,200
A young mother tries to convince
her toddler that the train isn't

6290
05:26:06,200 --> 05:26:09,400
actually a monster though. 
The child seemed skeptical and 

6291
05:26:09,400 --> 05:26:13,800
frankly, you don't blame him. 
The conductor appears a man 

6292
05:26:13,808 --> 05:26:15,600
whose mustache has its own 
postal code. 

6293
05:26:15,600 --> 05:26:19,300
He's wearing a uniform that seen
better decades and carries a 

6294
05:26:19,300 --> 05:26:20,700
pocket watch. 
He consults with religious 

6295
05:26:20,700 --> 05:26:24,300
devotion All Aboard. 
He calls though you're already 

6296
05:26:24,308 --> 05:26:25,800
aboard. 
So you're not sure if the 

6297
05:26:25,800 --> 05:26:28,400
request applies to you, or if 
you should get off and get back 

6298
05:26:28,400 --> 05:26:30,700
on, again, you choose to remain 
Where You Are. 

6299
05:26:31,500 --> 05:26:34,300
With the tremendous jolt, that 
nearly sends you into the lap of

6300
05:26:34,308 --> 05:26:35,500
the stern. 
Woman by the window. 

6301
05:26:35,500 --> 05:26:38,400
The train begins to move the 
wheels. 

6302
05:26:38,400 --> 05:26:41,000
Make a rhythmic clacking sound 
that will haunt your dreams for 

6303
05:26:41,000 --> 05:26:44,200
the next three weeks. 
Clackity clack, clackity clack, 

6304
05:26:44,200 --> 05:26:47,400
clackity clack. 
It's almost musical if your 

6305
05:26:47,400 --> 05:26:49,100
taste in music runs to 
repetitive. 

6306
05:26:49,100 --> 05:26:52,400
Percussion performed by Iron 
wheels on iron rails. 

6307
05:26:52,400 --> 05:26:56,900
The scenery outside starts to 
call paste at this speed, you 

6308
05:26:56,900 --> 05:26:59,800
could probably hop off pick some
wildflowers and hot back on. 

6309
05:26:59,800 --> 05:27:02,600
Again, though the conductors 
mustache suggests, the idea 

6310
05:27:02,600 --> 05:27:07,000
wouldn't be appreciated. 
Feels rolled by dotted with 

6311
05:27:07,000 --> 05:27:10,400
cows, who see mildly interested 
in this mechanical intrusion 

6312
05:27:10,400 --> 05:27:14,300
into their pastoral day. a 
farmer waves from his plow and 

6313
05:27:14,300 --> 05:27:18,600
you wave back feeling very 
Cosmopolitan and modern, The car

6314
05:27:18,600 --> 05:27:22,200
rocks gently from side to side 
not entirely unlike being in a 

6315
05:27:22,208 --> 05:27:24,600
cradle. 
If cradles were made of wood and

6316
05:27:24,600 --> 05:27:27,900
iron and pulled by steam 
engines, the motion is soothing.

6317
05:27:27,900 --> 05:27:30,900
Once you get used to it though, 
it takes about the same amount 

6318
05:27:30,900 --> 05:27:34,500
of time as a mild case of 
seasickness You close your eyes 

6319
05:27:34,500 --> 05:27:37,300
and try to imagine you're on a 
ship sailing across prairies and

6320
05:27:37,308 --> 05:27:40,300
oceans. 
Your carpet bag, slides around 

6321
05:27:40,300 --> 05:27:42,100
on the floor, with each curve 
and bump. 

6322
05:27:42,100 --> 05:27:45,700
Everybody's luggage performs, a 
small dance, and every now and 

6323
05:27:45,700 --> 05:27:49,000
then someone's hat box tries to 
escape only to have its 

6324
05:27:49,000 --> 05:27:52,200
embarrassed owner, restrain it. 
The woman next to you is tied 

6325
05:27:52,200 --> 05:27:54,800
her reticule to her wrist, with 
what appears to be a shoelace. 

6326
05:27:54,800 --> 05:27:59,000
Clearly, she's traveled by train
before outside the world passes 

6327
05:27:59,000 --> 05:28:01,900
by the breathtaking speed of 
about 50 miles per hour. 

6328
05:28:01,900 --> 05:28:05,600
The present is the future. 
You think to yourself the 

6329
05:28:05,600 --> 05:28:07,100
present is what progress looks 
like. 

6330
05:28:08,100 --> 05:28:11,000
People travel across vast 
distances on iron horses 

6331
05:28:11,000 --> 05:28:13,700
reaching speeds, that would have
been Unthinkable for your 

6332
05:28:13,708 --> 05:28:17,000
grandparents. 
However, at this moment, as I 

6333
05:28:17,000 --> 05:28:19,600
watch a particularly energetic 
squirrel, keep Pace with the 

6334
05:28:19,600 --> 05:28:23,600
train for a solid 32nds. 
The entire experience feels less

6335
05:28:23,600 --> 05:28:27,200
revolutionary and more quaint. 
The whistle blows along. 

6336
05:28:27,200 --> 05:28:30,600
Mournful sound that somehow 
manages to be both exciting and 

6337
05:28:30,600 --> 05:28:32,900
lonely. 
At the same time, your moving 

6338
05:28:32,900 --> 05:28:37,300
now carried forward by Steam and
steal into whatever Adventure, 

6339
05:28:37,300 --> 05:28:40,100
awaits down the line. 
After your first hour aboard, 

6340
05:28:40,100 --> 05:28:42,600
your beginning to understand 
that train travel comes with its

6341
05:28:42,600 --> 05:28:46,000
peculiar social rules. 
Most of which nobody bothered to

6342
05:28:46,000 --> 05:28:48,800
write down anywhere. 
It's like being invited to a 

6343
05:28:48,800 --> 05:28:50,600
party where everyone knows the 
secret handshake. 

6344
05:28:50,600 --> 05:28:53,700
Except you take the window seat 
situation. 

6345
05:28:53,700 --> 05:28:57,100
For instance, a woman beside you
as astonished squatters rights 

6346
05:28:57,100 --> 05:28:58,900
on the window view and she 
guards. 

6347
05:28:58,900 --> 05:29:02,800
It jealously When you lean 
slightly toward the glass to 

6348
05:29:02,800 --> 05:29:05,000
catch a glimpse of a 
particularly captivating. 

6349
05:29:05,000 --> 05:29:07,400
Cow, she shifts. 
Her considerable bulk to block 

6350
05:29:07,400 --> 05:29:10,000
your view entirely. 
It seems like she's following 

6351
05:29:10,000 --> 05:29:13,300
proper train etiquette, but you 
suspect, she's making it up as 

6352
05:29:13,300 --> 05:29:15,600
she goes. 
The art of eating a border 

6353
05:29:15,600 --> 05:29:18,100
moving train proves to be more 
challenging than you'd 

6354
05:29:18,100 --> 05:29:20,500
anticipated. 
The railroad has thoughtfully 

6355
05:29:20,500 --> 05:29:24,700
provided a dining car though. 
Dining is perhaps too. 

6356
05:29:24,700 --> 05:29:26,100
Elegant a term for what 
transpires. 

6357
05:29:26,100 --> 05:29:29,600
There you make your way down. 
The aisle, grabbing seat backs 

6358
05:29:29,600 --> 05:29:32,300
and fellow passengers for 
supporters, the car sways, and 

6359
05:29:32,300 --> 05:29:35,600
lurches the dining car. 
Attendant a man whose clearly 

6360
05:29:35,600 --> 05:29:37,400
made peace. 
With the chaos of his profession

6361
05:29:37,400 --> 05:29:40,600
serves up plate of food. 
That seem to slide into your 

6362
05:29:40,600 --> 05:29:44,200
lap, your beef stew sloshes from
side to side with each train, 

6363
05:29:44,200 --> 05:29:47,200
rock, you quickly learned to 
time your spoonfuls, with the 

6364
05:29:47,200 --> 05:29:51,100
motion of the carping up stew, 
when it slides toward you and 

6365
05:29:51,100 --> 05:29:53,700
waiting patiently when it 
migrates to the far side of the 

6366
05:29:53,700 --> 05:29:55,700
bowl. 
It resembles a fishing 

6367
05:29:55,700 --> 05:29:59,400
experience will be at with gravy
and vegetables as the catch and 

6368
05:29:59,400 --> 05:30:03,000
a constantly shifting pond. 
The other diners have developed 

6369
05:30:03,000 --> 05:30:05,300
various strategies for dealing 
with mobile meals. 

6370
05:30:06,200 --> 05:30:08,800
One gentleman has wedged, his 
plate between two coffee cups, 

6371
05:30:08,800 --> 05:30:12,100
creating a little edible 
Fortress, a lady at the next 

6372
05:30:12,100 --> 05:30:15,900
table as entirely on utensils 
and his politely, nibbling her 

6373
05:30:15,908 --> 05:30:19,900
dinner role while watching her 
suit performance. the traveling 

6374
05:30:19,900 --> 05:30:22,800
salesman from your car somehow 
managed to balance his entire 

6375
05:30:22,800 --> 05:30:25,400
meal on his knees, while 
continuing to work on his 

6376
05:30:25,400 --> 05:30:29,900
correspondence, you suspect his 
Parts circus performer Coffee 

6377
05:30:29,900 --> 05:30:32,200
service presents its own unique 
challenges. 

6378
05:30:32,200 --> 05:30:35,900
The attendant approaches with a 
large pot and The Confident of 

6379
05:30:35,900 --> 05:30:38,000
someone who's done the job 1000 
times before. 

6380
05:30:39,000 --> 05:30:41,800
He paused the coffee in a smooth
Arc that somehow accounts for 

6381
05:30:41,800 --> 05:30:45,000
the Train's motion, the cups 
movement, and the likelihood 

6382
05:30:45,000 --> 05:30:46,900
that you'll jerk your hand at 
The crucial moment. 

6383
05:30:46,900 --> 05:30:50,700
Most of the coffee actually 
makes it into the cup which 

6384
05:30:50,700 --> 05:30:53,400
Feels Like A Small Miracle 
between meals. 

6385
05:30:53,400 --> 05:30:56,700
You discover that privacy is a 
negotiable concept, aboard, a 

6386
05:30:56,700 --> 05:30:59,500
train, your fellow passengers 
seem to view your personal 

6387
05:30:59,500 --> 05:31:01,300
business as legitimate 
entertainment. 

6388
05:31:01,300 --> 05:31:04,800
The stern Woman by the window 
has taken to commenting on your 

6389
05:31:04,800 --> 05:31:07,000
reading material. 
Despite the fact that you 

6390
05:31:07,000 --> 05:31:10,100
haven't asked for her literary 
opinions, When you pull out a 

6391
05:31:10,100 --> 05:31:12,700
penny novel, she sniffs to 
approvingly and mutter something

6392
05:31:12,700 --> 05:31:14,500
about the decline of modern 
morals. 

6393
05:31:15,200 --> 05:31:17,500
You can consider pointing out 
that her own reading material 

6394
05:31:17,500 --> 05:31:19,800
appears to be a Temperance 
tracked, but decide that 

6395
05:31:19,800 --> 05:31:22,200
discretion is the better part of
not getting into. 

6396
05:31:22,200 --> 05:31:24,600
An argument with someone you'll 
be sitting next to for the next 

6397
05:31:24,600 --> 05:31:27,300
two days. 
The traveling salesman has 

6398
05:31:27,300 --> 05:31:30,000
appointed himself, the cars 
unofficial social directors 

6399
05:31:30,000 --> 05:31:34,100
knows, everyone's destination 
occupation, and life story 

6400
05:31:34,100 --> 05:31:39,000
within the first 50 miles. 
By Mi 75 is offering unsolicited

6401
05:31:39,000 --> 05:31:42,600
advice about everything from the
best hotels in Chicago, to the 

6402
05:31:42,608 --> 05:31:46,300
proper treatment of bunions. 
You learn more about bunion care

6403
05:31:46,300 --> 05:31:49,200
than any reasonable person. 
Should know, however, you must 

6404
05:31:49,200 --> 05:31:51,300
admit that his enthusiasm is 
endearing. 

6405
05:31:52,000 --> 05:31:54,900
The bathroom facilities on the 
train deserve special mention, 

6406
05:31:54,900 --> 05:31:57,900
although they may not be ideal 
to use during dinner time. 

6407
05:31:58,700 --> 05:32:02,000
Embracing Nature's call, while 
traveling at 15 miles per hour. 

6408
05:32:02,000 --> 05:32:04,800
Over questionable, track 
Demands, a certain level of 

6409
05:32:04,800 --> 05:32:07,400
athletic ability and a 
willingness to embrace 

6410
05:32:07,400 --> 05:32:11,000
Adventure. 
Facilities themselves are about 

6411
05:32:11,000 --> 05:32:13,900
the size of a broom closet 
furnished with the seat. 

6412
05:32:13,900 --> 05:32:16,500
That seems designed by someone 
who never actually sat down 

6413
05:32:16,500 --> 05:32:19,800
before the whole experience 
teaches you new levels of 

6414
05:32:19,808 --> 05:32:21,600
appreciation for stationary 
Plumbing. 

6415
05:32:22,500 --> 05:32:26,100
Nightfall brings its set of 
Social Challenges, the seats, 

6416
05:32:26,100 --> 05:32:28,800
don't recline. 
Exactly, but you can achieve a 

6417
05:32:28,800 --> 05:32:31,700
sort of semi position that 
passes for Comfort. 

6418
05:32:31,700 --> 05:32:34,000
If you're not particular about 
your spine's alignment. 

6419
05:32:35,300 --> 05:32:38,400
The stern woman has produced a 
pillow from somewhere and his 

6420
05:32:38,408 --> 05:32:41,900
armrests with the authority of a
territorial squirrel. 

6421
05:32:42,500 --> 05:32:45,500
You fold your coat into a 
makeshift pillow and settle in 

6422
05:32:45,500 --> 05:32:48,800
for what promises to be a very 
educational night in the art of 

6423
05:32:48,808 --> 05:32:51,800
sleeping while sitting up. 
The sounds of the train. 

6424
05:32:51,800 --> 05:32:53,700
Take on a different quality in 
the Darkness. 

6425
05:32:54,400 --> 05:32:57,400
Clacking of Wheels becomes more 
pronounced, almost rhythmic. 

6426
05:32:58,300 --> 05:33:01,500
Someone several seats back has 
begun snoring in Counterpoint of

6427
05:33:01,500 --> 05:33:03,500
the Train's Rhythm creating an 
odd. 

6428
05:33:03,500 --> 05:33:07,100
Sort of mobile lullaby morning, 
arrives with the subtlety of a 

6429
05:33:07,100 --> 05:33:10,400
brass band announced by the 
conductors voice, calling out 

6430
05:33:10,400 --> 05:33:11,500
the next station. 
Stop. 

6431
05:33:11,500 --> 05:33:15,500
You've managed about three hours
of actual sleep scattered 

6432
05:33:15,500 --> 05:33:18,200
throughout the night. 
In 20 minute intervals, between 

6433
05:33:18,200 --> 05:33:22,000
the trains more enthusiastic 
lurches and the creative snoring

6434
05:33:22,000 --> 05:33:25,500
Symphony that developed around 
midnight Your fellow passengers 

6435
05:33:25,500 --> 05:33:28,000
are stirring with various 
degrees of success. 

6436
05:33:29,300 --> 05:33:31,700
The traveling salesman appears 
to have slept like a baby. 

6437
05:33:31,700 --> 05:33:35,200
If babies typically woke up 
perfectly groomed and ready to 

6438
05:33:35,200 --> 05:33:37,700
discuss the virtues of their 
latest patent medicine. 

6439
05:33:38,900 --> 05:33:41,900
The stern woman looks exactly as
severe as she did yesterday. 

6440
05:33:41,900 --> 05:33:45,800
Leading you to suspect. 
She may not actually sleep that 

6441
05:33:45,800 --> 05:33:48,200
simply Powers down like some 
sort of Victorian atom. 

6442
05:33:49,000 --> 05:33:51,700
The new passenger boards at this
stop and he's the kind of 

6443
05:33:51,700 --> 05:33:53,600
character that makes train 
travel memorable. 

6444
05:33:53,600 --> 05:33:56,900
He's clearly a frontier type 
dressed in buckskins. 

6445
05:33:56,900 --> 05:33:58,900
That have seen more Adventure 
than a penny novel. 

6446
05:33:58,900 --> 05:34:02,500
His beard appears to have been 
styled by a windstorm, and he 

6447
05:34:02,500 --> 05:34:04,800
carries himself with the easy 
confidence of someone who's 

6448
05:34:04,800 --> 05:34:08,000
wrestled bears and lived to tell
about it probably over dinner. 

6449
05:34:09,200 --> 05:34:11,000
He settles into a seat, across 
the aisle. 

6450
05:34:11,000 --> 05:34:14,300
And immediately begins regaling.
Anyone within earshot with Tales

6451
05:34:14,300 --> 05:34:17,700
of his exploits. 
According to his stories, he's 

6452
05:34:17,700 --> 05:34:22,500
been a Trapper, a scout, a gold 
prospector and briefly, a circus

6453
05:34:22,500 --> 05:34:25,500
performer. 
You suspect some embellishment, 

6454
05:34:25,500 --> 05:34:28,100
particularly regarding the story
about training. 

6455
05:34:28,100 --> 05:34:31,000
A Wild Mustang to fetch his 
morning coffee but his 

6456
05:34:31,000 --> 05:34:34,200
enthusiasm is infectious. 
Even the stern woman. 

6457
05:34:34,200 --> 05:34:36,200
Seems grudgingly interested 
though. 

6458
05:34:36,200 --> 05:34:38,000
She maintained her disapproving 
expression. 

6459
05:34:38,000 --> 05:34:41,200
As a matter of principle, the 
young mother with the toddler 

6460
05:34:41,200 --> 05:34:44,000
has given up any pretense of 
controlling her child, who was 

6461
05:34:44,008 --> 05:34:46,400
discovered that the aisle makes 
an excellent race track. 

6462
05:34:47,300 --> 05:34:51,000
The boy kareen's from seat to 
seat using passengers knees as 

6463
05:34:51,000 --> 05:34:54,500
turning posts in his Grand Prix.
Most Travelers, accept this with

6464
05:34:54,500 --> 05:34:57,600
resigned Good Humor though the 
traveling salesman looks nervous

6465
05:34:57,600 --> 05:35:00,400
about his carefully. 
Arranged sample cases at the 

6466
05:35:00,400 --> 05:35:03,800
next stop, a preacher boards, 
recognizable by severe black 

6467
05:35:03,800 --> 05:35:07,300
coat, and the way he surveys the
car as if calculating everyone's

6468
05:35:07,300 --> 05:35:10,400
likely hood of salvation. 
He takes a seat near the back 

6469
05:35:10,400 --> 05:35:13,100
and immediately begins reading 
from what you assume as a Bible 

6470
05:35:13,108 --> 05:35:15,200
though. 
At this distance, it could be a 

6471
05:35:15,200 --> 05:35:18,800
cookbook for all, you know. 
The frontier character catches 

6472
05:35:18,800 --> 05:35:21,700
sight of him and grins and you 
sense that philosophical 

6473
05:35:21,700 --> 05:35:23,300
discussions, may be in your 
future. 

6474
05:35:23,300 --> 05:35:26,000
A group of immigrants. 
Filled several seats near the 

6475
05:35:26,000 --> 05:35:28,400
front of the car they speak in a
language. 

6476
05:35:28,400 --> 05:35:31,700
You don't recognize gesturing 
animatedly and pointing out the 

6477
05:35:31,708 --> 05:35:33,400
windows at the passing 
landscape. 

6478
05:35:33,400 --> 05:35:37,200
Their excitement is palpable and
you realize you're witnessing 

6479
05:35:37,200 --> 05:35:39,600
people seeing their new country 
for the first time. 

6480
05:35:39,600 --> 05:35:43,200
It provides perspective on your 
own Journey though. 

6481
05:35:43,200 --> 05:35:45,800
You're still not entirely sure 
why you chose to Head West 

6482
05:35:45,800 --> 05:35:49,400
initially The dining car 
attendant makes his rounds 

6483
05:35:49,400 --> 05:35:52,300
announcing breakfast with the 
air of someone who's giving up 

6484
05:35:52,300 --> 05:35:54,200
hoping anyone will be surprised 
by the menu. 

6485
05:35:55,000 --> 05:35:58,500
There's hardtack coffee is 
strong as a horse shoe and a 

6486
05:35:58,500 --> 05:35:59,900
dish that could easily pass for 
eggs. 

6487
05:35:59,900 --> 05:36:01,500
If you don't screw tonight. 
Is it too close closely? 

6488
05:36:02,600 --> 05:36:05,300
The frontier character claims 
that the food is the finest 

6489
05:36:05,300 --> 05:36:07,300
Cuisine, he has experienced 
since leaving civilization. 

6490
05:36:07,300 --> 05:36:11,600
However, considering his stories
about eating bark and Prairie 

6491
05:36:11,600 --> 05:36:14,300
Grass, this may not be a 
significant compliment, 

6492
05:36:15,500 --> 05:36:18,400
Conversation, flows, easily 
around the car, resembling the 

6493
05:36:18,400 --> 05:36:20,600
interactions of people who have 
been brought together by 

6494
05:36:20,600 --> 05:36:23,200
circumstance. 
The preacher and the 

6495
05:36:23,208 --> 05:36:26,100
frontiersmen have indeed. 
Struck up a debate about the 

6496
05:36:26,100 --> 05:36:28,200
nature of civilization versus 
the Wilderness. 

6497
05:36:28,200 --> 05:36:31,200
The preacher argues for the 
moral benefits of settled 

6498
05:36:31,200 --> 05:36:34,500
Society, while the frontiersmen 
counters with stories, about the

6499
05:36:34,500 --> 05:36:38,100
corrupting influence of cities. 
We find yourself nodding along 

6500
05:36:38,100 --> 05:36:41,400
to both sides, which probably 
makes you either very wise or 

6501
05:36:41,400 --> 05:36:44,500
very confused. 
The stern woman has appointed 

6502
05:36:44,500 --> 05:36:46,600
herself. 
The moral guardian of the car 

6503
05:36:46,600 --> 05:36:50,500
offering unsolicited commentary 
on everyone's Behavior, reading 

6504
05:36:50,500 --> 05:36:54,500
material and general deportment.
When the traveling salesman 

6505
05:36:54,500 --> 05:36:57,900
produces deck of cards she 
launches into a lecture about 

6506
05:36:57,900 --> 05:37:00,500
the evils of gambling that would
make the preacher proud. 

6507
05:37:01,400 --> 05:37:03,700
The salesman explains that he 
was merely planning to 

6508
05:37:03,708 --> 05:37:06,600
demonstrate a card trick for the
toddler, but she remains 

6509
05:37:06,600 --> 05:37:10,100
unconvinced. 
I often the various 

6510
05:37:10,100 --> 05:37:12,300
personalities of settled into a 
comfortable routine. 

6511
05:37:13,300 --> 05:37:15,800
The frontiersmen entertains the 
group with his stories. 

6512
05:37:15,800 --> 05:37:19,700
A preacher offers moral advice. 
The traveling salesman provides 

6513
05:37:19,700 --> 05:37:22,900
solutions to unidentified 
problems and the stern woman. 

6514
05:37:22,900 --> 05:37:24,700
Uphold order with her 
disapproval. 

6515
05:37:25,400 --> 05:37:27,800
The immigrants continued, their 
animated discussions 

6516
05:37:27,800 --> 05:37:30,800
occasionally breaking into what 
sounds like folksongs. 

6517
05:37:30,800 --> 05:37:33,000
You've become The Unofficial 
mediator. 

6518
05:37:33,000 --> 05:37:35,300
The neutral party. 
Everyone feels comfortable 

6519
05:37:35,300 --> 05:37:39,200
talking to You may not have 
strong opinions or your carpet 

6520
05:37:39,200 --> 05:37:42,000
bag may contain the only good 
whiskey on the train hidden 

6521
05:37:42,000 --> 05:37:45,200
under your spare shirts. 
Either way your learning more 

6522
05:37:45,200 --> 05:37:47,300
about human nature than you ever
expected. 

6523
05:37:48,500 --> 05:37:51,400
The toddler has worn himself out
and finally fallen asleep in his

6524
05:37:51,400 --> 05:37:53,600
mother's arms. 
Providing the first Quiet 

6525
05:37:53,600 --> 05:37:56,800
Moments since Dawn. 
Even the train seems to be 

6526
05:37:56,800 --> 05:37:58,800
running more smoothly as if it 
too. 

6527
05:37:58,800 --> 05:38:02,100
Appreciates the brief respite 
from chaos, the dinner service 

6528
05:38:02,100 --> 05:38:05,100
that evening proves to be an 
adventure worthy of the frontier

6529
05:38:05,100 --> 05:38:07,200
itself. 
You've learned from your lunch 

6530
05:38:07,200 --> 05:38:10,100
experience and approach the 
dining car with a strategy 

6531
05:38:10,100 --> 05:38:14,900
secure, your food find something
to brace against and accept that

6532
05:38:14,900 --> 05:38:17,900
dignity is optional when 
traveling at 15 miles per hour 

6533
05:38:17,900 --> 05:38:20,800
over tracks laid by optimistic 
railroad workers. 

6534
05:38:21,600 --> 05:38:24,300
The menu hasn't changed since 
breakfast, which isn't 

6535
05:38:24,300 --> 05:38:26,700
particularly surprising. 
Given that the dining cars 

6536
05:38:26,700 --> 05:38:30,000
pantry is roughly the size of 
your grandmother's pie safe. 

6537
05:38:30,800 --> 05:38:34,400
The attendant whose name you've 
learned is Frank has developed a

6538
05:38:34,400 --> 05:38:35,900
philosophical approach to his 
work. 

6539
05:38:35,900 --> 05:38:39,400
That involves accepting the 
limitations of cooking aboard. 

6540
05:38:39,400 --> 05:38:42,700
A moving train while maintaining
unreasonable optimism about the 

6541
05:38:42,700 --> 05:38:45,100
results. 
Tonight's mystery meat is 

6542
05:38:45,100 --> 05:38:48,500
chicken, the bounces around your
plate like it never got used to 

6543
05:38:48,500 --> 05:38:51,200
being dead. 
The vegetables have achieved 

6544
05:38:51,200 --> 05:38:54,800
that perfect mushy consistency 
where you can't quite tell if 

6545
05:38:54,800 --> 05:38:56,300
you're eating carrots or 
turnips. 

6546
05:38:56,300 --> 05:38:59,200
And frankly, it doesn't matter 
because they both taste like the

6547
05:38:59,200 --> 05:39:02,300
inside of a coal bin. 
Your dining companions, the 

6548
05:39:02,300 --> 05:39:05,300
seasoning include a banker from 
Philadelphia who keeps checking 

6549
05:39:05,300 --> 05:39:08,000
his pocket watch, as if he can 
somehow make the train arrive 

6550
05:39:08,000 --> 05:39:09,800
faster. 
Through sheer temporal 

6551
05:39:09,800 --> 05:39:12,900
willpower. 
Across from him, sits a school, 

6552
05:39:12,908 --> 05:39:16,000
mum heading to a teaching 
position in Kansas armed with 

6553
05:39:16,008 --> 05:39:18,900
enough, moral fiber to build a 
small church and the kind of 

6554
05:39:18,900 --> 05:39:21,300
determined cheerfulness that 
suggests she's prepared to 

6555
05:39:21,300 --> 05:39:23,100
educate the frontier into 
submission. 

6556
05:39:24,400 --> 05:39:27,800
The frontiersmen has joined your
table bringing with him Tales of

6557
05:39:27,800 --> 05:39:31,000
dining on roasted prairie, dog. 
And something he calls Mountain 

6558
05:39:31,000 --> 05:39:34,700
Oysters which you suspect aren't
actually oysters and definitely 

6559
05:39:34,700 --> 05:39:37,900
aren't from any mountain. 
You'd care to visit His stories,

6560
05:39:37,900 --> 05:39:41,100
make the mysterious train 
chicken seemed downright Gourmet

6561
05:39:41,100 --> 05:39:44,700
by comparison. 
Halfway through the meal, the 

6562
05:39:44,700 --> 05:39:47,700
train hits, a particularly 
ambitious, curve, and Chaos 

6563
05:39:47,700 --> 05:39:51,500
ensues your chicken breaks free 
sliding across the table towards

6564
05:39:51,500 --> 05:39:53,700
the banker who's reflects is 
suggest. 

6565
05:39:53,700 --> 05:39:56,100
He a success of flying food in 
the past. 

6566
05:39:57,700 --> 05:40:01,400
The school moms coffee creates a
small Title Wave that somehow 

6567
05:40:01,400 --> 05:40:04,600
manages to miss her entirely 
while thoroughly soaking her 

6568
05:40:04,600 --> 05:40:07,100
bread roll. 
Frankly, attendant doesn't even 

6569
05:40:07,100 --> 05:40:10,300
his serving having clearly 
witnessed this performance. 

6570
05:40:10,300 --> 05:40:14,500
Many times before the banker now
wearing your dinner maintains 

6571
05:40:14,500 --> 05:40:16,300
his dignity with admirable, 
stoicism. 

6572
05:40:16,300 --> 05:40:19,400
He Dabs at the chicken grease on
his vest with the same 

6573
05:40:19,400 --> 05:40:22,300
methodical Precision, he 
probably applies to balancing 

6574
05:40:22,300 --> 05:40:25,200
ledgers. 
Occupational hazard of trained 

6575
05:40:25,200 --> 05:40:27,400
dining. 
He observes philosophically as 

6576
05:40:27,400 --> 05:40:30,100
if being assaulted by mobile 
culture is a regular part of his

6577
05:40:30,100 --> 05:40:33,800
financial career. 
With the efficient competence, 

6578
05:40:33,800 --> 05:40:36,400
of someone accustomed to manage 
in classroom catastrophes. 

6579
05:40:36,400 --> 05:40:39,400
The school man, produces a 
handkerchief and begins cleaning

6580
05:40:39,400 --> 05:40:43,100
up the coffee disaster. 
A cheerfulness remains undaunted

6581
05:40:43,100 --> 05:40:46,100
though, you suspect, she's 
mentally composing letters home 

6582
05:40:46,100 --> 05:40:48,900
about the Exotic dangers of 
Frontier dining. 

6583
05:40:49,800 --> 05:40:52,700
After dinner, you retire to your
seat to discover that motion 

6584
05:40:52,700 --> 05:40:54,600
sickness has finally caught up 
with you. 

6585
05:40:55,400 --> 05:40:58,900
It creeps in gradually starting 
with a vague uneasiness that you

6586
05:40:58,900 --> 05:41:00,800
initially attribute to the 
mysterious chicken. 

6587
05:41:01,700 --> 05:41:04,600
Constant swaying motion of the 
car which seemed Charming this 

6588
05:41:04,600 --> 05:41:06,900
morning. 
Now, feels less like a gentle 

6589
05:41:06,900 --> 05:41:09,600
cradle and more like being 
trapped inside, a powerful 

6590
05:41:09,600 --> 05:41:12,800
washing machine with the sharp 
eye of someone who has likely 

6591
05:41:12,800 --> 05:41:16,200
diagnosed, half the ailments in 
her hometown the stern woman, 

6592
05:41:16,200 --> 05:41:19,700
notices your distress. 
She produces a small bottle from

6593
05:41:19,700 --> 05:41:22,300
her reticule with the confidence
of a traveling Apothecary. 

6594
05:41:22,300 --> 05:41:26,500
She announces peppermint oil as 
if she's offering a miraculous 

6595
05:41:26,500 --> 05:41:29,100
remedy. 
Settles the stomach and clears, 

6596
05:41:29,100 --> 05:41:32,800
the head, you are no position to
refuse, help even from someone 

6597
05:41:32,800 --> 05:41:36,100
whose previous medical advice, 
consisted, mainly of moral 

6598
05:41:36,100 --> 05:41:39,700
lectures, the peppermint oil 
does help though, whether it's 

6599
05:41:39,700 --> 05:41:42,300
the actual medicine or just the 
relief of having someone show 

6600
05:41:42,300 --> 05:41:45,900
unexpected, kindness is hard to 
say the traveling salesman 

6601
05:41:45,900 --> 05:41:48,300
overhearing. 
Your plight launches into an 

6602
05:41:48,300 --> 05:41:51,300
enthusiastic pitch for his 
latest remedy, guaranteed to 

6603
05:41:51,308 --> 05:41:55,200
cure everything from motion, 
sickness to melancholy His 

6604
05:41:55,200 --> 05:41:58,200
sample case, reveals an 
impressive array of bottles tins

6605
05:41:58,200 --> 05:42:01,500
and mysterious packages each 
promising to solve problems. 

6606
05:42:01,500 --> 05:42:04,700
You didn't know you had, you 
politely decline, his offer of 

6607
05:42:04,700 --> 05:42:08,300
doctor pemberton's, Miracle 
Elixir, partly because your 

6608
05:42:08,300 --> 05:42:11,200
feeling better and partly 
because anything described as 

6609
05:42:11,200 --> 05:42:14,800
miraculous and sold from a 
suitcase, seemed suspect the 

6610
05:42:14,800 --> 05:42:17,400
rocking motion of the train, 
which caused your stomach 

6611
05:42:17,400 --> 05:42:19,800
troubles. 
Ironically become soothing, once

6612
05:42:19,800 --> 05:42:23,500
the nausea passes, the rhythmic 
clacking of Wheels settles into 

6613
05:42:23,500 --> 05:42:25,900
a hypnotic pattern, that makes 
your eyelids heavy. 

6614
05:42:27,100 --> 05:42:29,300
Outside the windows. 
Twilight is painting the 

6615
05:42:29,300 --> 05:42:33,000
landscape in soft, purple and 
gold turning ordinary Farmland 

6616
05:42:33,000 --> 05:42:35,600
into something. 
Almost magical Your fellow 

6617
05:42:35,600 --> 05:42:38,000
passengers are settling into 
their evening routines. 

6618
05:42:38,000 --> 05:42:41,600
The preachers switched from 
moral philosophy to what appears

6619
05:42:41,600 --> 05:42:43,500
to be. 
Let her writing his pain 

6620
05:42:43,500 --> 05:42:46,300
scratching across paper in time 
with the trains rhythm. 

6621
05:42:47,400 --> 05:42:51,100
The immigrants have grown quiet 
gazing out at their new country 

6622
05:42:51,100 --> 05:42:54,900
with expressions of Wonder and 
perhaps a little homesickness. 

6623
05:42:56,000 --> 05:42:58,700
The toddler has discovered that 
the space under the seats makes 

6624
05:42:58,700 --> 05:43:02,200
an excellent Fort and has begun 
a complex game involving his few

6625
05:43:02,200 --> 05:43:04,500
toys and remarkable amount of 
imagination. 

6626
05:43:05,700 --> 05:43:08,100
His mother watches with the 
patient expression of someone 

6627
05:43:08,100 --> 05:43:10,100
who's learned to find 
entertainment in the smallest 

6628
05:43:10,100 --> 05:43:12,800
victories. 
Frank appears with evening 

6629
05:43:12,800 --> 05:43:16,700
coffee, which you accept greatly
despite its resemblance to Coal 

6630
05:43:16,700 --> 05:43:20,700
because sometimes the ritual of 
warmth and caffeine matters more

6631
05:43:20,700 --> 05:43:23,800
than the actual quality of 
either Darkness settles over the

6632
05:43:23,800 --> 05:43:27,400
train like a familiar blanket. 
Transforming the passenger car 

6633
05:43:27,400 --> 05:43:31,100
in to a cozy. 
If somewhat cramped cocoon, Of 

6634
05:43:31,108 --> 05:43:33,500
warm light and human 
companionship. 

6635
05:43:34,900 --> 05:43:38,200
The conductor makes his evening 
rounds, lighting, the oil lamps 

6636
05:43:38,200 --> 05:43:41,300
that cast Dancing Shadows on the
walls and create pools of Golden

6637
05:43:41,300 --> 05:43:44,500
Light throughout the car. 
The effect is intimate. 

6638
05:43:44,500 --> 05:43:47,600
Turning your rolling wooden box 
in to something approaching 

6639
05:43:47,600 --> 05:43:50,100
comfortable. 
Sleeping on a train, your 

6640
05:43:50,100 --> 05:43:53,000
discovering is less a single 
event, and more a series of 

6641
05:43:53,008 --> 05:43:56,400
negotiations between your body, 
the seat and the laws of 

6642
05:43:56,400 --> 05:43:59,000
physics. 
The seats weren't designed with 

6643
05:43:59,000 --> 05:44:02,100
overnight comfort in mind. 
Having been crafted by someone 

6644
05:44:02,100 --> 05:44:04,700
who apparently believed that 
humans were naturally shaped 

6645
05:44:04,700 --> 05:44:07,500
like church. 
Pews, you try various positions,

6646
05:44:07,500 --> 05:44:11,500
the classic slump the sideways 
lean and an ambitious attempt to

6647
05:44:11,500 --> 05:44:14,100
use your carpet bag as a 
footrest which ends with your 

6648
05:44:14,100 --> 05:44:17,400
luggage sliding three seats 
forward during a particularly 

6649
05:44:17,400 --> 05:44:20,800
spirited curve. 
The stern woman has transformed 

6650
05:44:20,800 --> 05:44:24,500
herself into a fortress of 
propriety somehow managing to 

6651
05:44:24,500 --> 05:44:27,900
arrange her shawls and skirts in
a way that maintains perfect 

6652
05:44:27,900 --> 05:44:30,300
modesty. 
While achieving what appears to 

6653
05:44:30,300 --> 05:44:33,300
be actual comfort. 
You suspect, she's had training 

6654
05:44:33,300 --> 05:44:36,300
in this particular skill, 
possibly from a finishing school

6655
05:44:36,300 --> 05:44:38,800
that offered Advanced courses in
traveling with dignity. 

6656
05:44:38,800 --> 05:44:44,100
A gentle snoring suggests she's 
mastered the art completely The 

6657
05:44:44,100 --> 05:44:46,700
frontiersmen has claimed two 
seats by virtue of Simply being 

6658
05:44:46,700 --> 05:44:49,900
too large for one, and he sleeps
with the easy confidence of 

6659
05:44:49,900 --> 05:44:52,500
someone accustomed to bedding. 
Down Under The Open Sky. 

6660
05:44:53,800 --> 05:44:57,100
Occasionally, he mutters in his 
sleep fragments of Adventures 

6661
05:44:57,100 --> 05:44:58,900
that may or may not have 
actually happened. 

6662
05:44:58,900 --> 05:45:03,000
You catch references to ornery 
mules and the biggest catfish in

6663
05:45:03,000 --> 05:45:06,300
Missouri delivered with the same
conviction, he brings to his 

6664
05:45:06,300 --> 05:45:09,600
waking stories. 
The traveling salesman has 

6665
05:45:09,600 --> 05:45:12,300
somehow arranged his sample. 
Cases into a makeshift bed. 

6666
05:45:12,300 --> 05:45:14,600
That looks more comfortable than
your seat though. 

6667
05:45:14,600 --> 05:45:17,500
You suspect it violates several 
unspoken rules about train 

6668
05:45:17,500 --> 05:45:19,900
etiquette. 
He's covered himself with what 

6669
05:45:19,900 --> 05:45:21,600
appears to be a tarp 
advertising. 

6670
05:45:21,600 --> 05:45:24,800
His patent medicines, turning 
himself into a human billboard, 

6671
05:45:24,800 --> 05:45:28,400
even in sleep. 
At midnight, the train abruptly 

6672
05:45:28,400 --> 05:45:32,200
stops startling everyone awake 
Through the Windows, you can see

6673
05:45:32,200 --> 05:45:35,600
lanterns moving in the darkness 
and voices, carry the tone of 

6674
05:45:35,600 --> 05:45:37,900
men dealing with some sort of 
mechanical crisis. 

6675
05:45:38,900 --> 05:45:41,400
The conductor appears is 
mustache looking less 

6676
05:45:41,400 --> 05:45:44,200
authoritative than usual to 
explain that they're having a 

6677
05:45:44,200 --> 05:45:47,100
small difficulty with the 
locomotive's enthusiasm, which 

6678
05:45:47,100 --> 05:45:48,800
you take to mean the engine as 
broken down. 

6679
05:45:48,800 --> 05:45:51,700
Again, this sort of thing, 
you're learning is considered 

6680
05:45:51,700 --> 05:45:56,100
perfectly normal in 1847 trains.
Break down the way horses throw 

6681
05:45:56,100 --> 05:45:58,300
shoes or Wagon Wheels. 
Come loose. 

6682
05:45:58,300 --> 05:46:01,400
It's not a crisis. 
Merely an inconvenience that 

6683
05:46:01,400 --> 05:46:04,000
requires patience and possibly 
some creative engineering. 

6684
05:46:05,000 --> 05:46:08,400
Frank appears with more coffee 
as if caffeine is the universal 

6685
05:46:08,400 --> 05:46:12,400
solution to mechanical problems.
The delay gives everyone a 

6686
05:46:12,400 --> 05:46:15,900
chance to stretch walk around 
and engage in the kind of 

6687
05:46:15,900 --> 05:46:18,400
philosophical discussions. 
That only happen at midnight 

6688
05:46:18,400 --> 05:46:20,800
when you're stranded beside 
railroad tracks, in the middle 

6689
05:46:20,800 --> 05:46:23,600
of Ohio. 
The preacher in the frontiersmen

6690
05:46:23,600 --> 05:46:26,800
resumed their debate about 
Civilization now expanded to 

6691
05:46:26,800 --> 05:46:29,400
include theories about 
mechanical progress and God's 

6692
05:46:29,400 --> 05:46:32,700
opinion of steam engines. 
The banker produces a flask from

6693
05:46:32,700 --> 05:46:35,800
his coat and offers it around 
with the generosity of someone 

6694
05:46:35,800 --> 05:46:38,100
who's given up worrying about 
propriety at this hour. 

6695
05:46:39,100 --> 05:46:42,500
Even the schoolmarm accepts. 
A small sip though, she makes a 

6696
05:46:42,500 --> 05:46:44,200
face that suggests her 
Temperance. 

6697
05:46:44,200 --> 05:46:47,800
Principles are still intact, 
just temporarily suspended for 

6698
05:46:47,800 --> 05:46:50,700
medicinal purposes. 
The immigrants gather near their

6699
05:46:50,700 --> 05:46:53,300
seats, talking quietly among 
themselves while the children 

6700
05:46:53,300 --> 05:46:56,700
sleep against their parents 
shoulders their patients appears

6701
05:46:56,700 --> 05:46:59,000
boundless. 
As if they've grown accustomed 

6702
05:46:59,000 --> 05:47:01,600
to patiently awaiting the start 
of their lives. 

6703
05:47:02,500 --> 05:47:04,900
You wonder what they're leaving 
behind and what they hope to 

6704
05:47:04,900 --> 05:47:06,100
find at the end of their 
Journey. 

6705
05:47:06,100 --> 05:47:09,600
Outside the repair, work 
continues with the steady rhythm

6706
05:47:09,600 --> 05:47:13,600
of men who know their business 
hammering, the hiss of steam and

6707
05:47:13,600 --> 05:47:16,200
occasional cursing that carries 
clearly in the night air. 

6708
05:47:17,100 --> 05:47:19,500
The locomotive is clearly a 
temperamental creature. 

6709
05:47:19,500 --> 05:47:22,400
That requires both mechanical 
skill and diplomatic handling. 

6710
05:47:23,800 --> 05:47:26,500
Stern woman has produced 
needlework from somewhere in her

6711
05:47:26,500 --> 05:47:30,100
seemingly, bottomless, reticule,
and his teaching by Lamplight 

6712
05:47:30,100 --> 05:47:31,700
with the concentration of a 
surgeon. 

6713
05:47:32,500 --> 05:47:36,700
She notices your attention and 
explains without prompting that 

6714
05:47:36,700 --> 05:47:39,800
Idle Hands, even at midnight 
beside broken down. 

6715
05:47:39,800 --> 05:47:43,900
Trains are a dangerous place. 
Her moral principles, apparently

6716
05:47:43,900 --> 05:47:47,000
don't recognize standard 
sleeping hours by two in the 

6717
05:47:47,008 --> 05:47:49,100
morning. 
The repairs are complete and buy

6718
05:47:49,100 --> 05:47:52,200
a triumphant whistle. 
That probably wakes up every cow

6719
05:47:52,200 --> 05:47:55,600
within 5 miles. 
Everyone settles back into their

6720
05:47:55,600 --> 05:47:58,500
improvised sleeping arrangements
with the weary satisfaction of 

6721
05:47:58,500 --> 05:48:00,200
Travelers who've shared a small 
Adventure. 

6722
05:48:01,000 --> 05:48:04,300
The train begins moving again 
with its characteristic series 

6723
05:48:04,300 --> 05:48:08,100
of jerks and jolts like a giant 
waking up with arthritis. 

6724
05:48:08,100 --> 05:48:11,200
The rhythmic clacking returns, 
perhaps slightly, more 

6725
05:48:11,200 --> 05:48:14,500
enthusiastic than before, as if,
the locomotive is making up for 

6726
05:48:14,508 --> 05:48:19,100
lost time, outside the dark 
landscape slides passed dotted 

6727
05:48:19,100 --> 05:48:21,600
with a occasional Farmhouse 
Windows glowing, warm and yellow

6728
05:48:21,600 --> 05:48:24,000
in the distance. 
Sleep comes easier. 

6729
05:48:24,000 --> 05:48:28,000
Now in induced by exhaustion and
the hypnotic motion of wheels on

6730
05:48:28,000 --> 05:48:31,700
Rails, even your uncomfortable 
seat, begins to feel almost cozy

6731
05:48:31,700 --> 05:48:35,600
and you drift off to the sound 
of gentle snoring creaking wood 

6732
05:48:35,600 --> 05:48:38,200
and the endless song of iron 
Wheels. 

6733
05:48:38,200 --> 05:48:40,600
Carrying you toward whatever 
Adventure awaits at the end of 

6734
05:48:40,608 --> 05:48:43,900
the line morning arrives with 
The Reluctant gray light of 

6735
05:48:43,900 --> 05:48:47,300
dawn, filtering through the 
passenger car windows revealing 

6736
05:48:47,300 --> 05:48:49,600
a landscape that looks 
suspiciously similar to 

6737
05:48:49,600 --> 05:48:53,000
yesterday's scenery. 
You're beginning to suspect that

6738
05:48:53,000 --> 05:48:56,700
Ohio is considerably larger than
the map suggested or possibly 

6739
05:48:56,700 --> 05:48:58,300
that you've been traveling in 
circles. 

6740
05:48:58,300 --> 05:49:02,000
While you slept the latter seems
unlikely given the determined 

6741
05:49:02,000 --> 05:49:03,300
forward motion of the 
locomotive. 

6742
05:49:03,300 --> 05:49:07,400
But after 36 hours on Rails, 
your sense of geography has 

6743
05:49:07,400 --> 05:49:10,500
become somewhat negotiable, your
body has achieved a sort of 

6744
05:49:10,508 --> 05:49:13,900
detent with the train seat 
accepting discomfort as the 

6745
05:49:13,908 --> 05:49:17,600
natural state of existence while
maintaining hope that Sensation 

6746
05:49:17,600 --> 05:49:19,200
will eventually return to your 
legs. 

6747
05:49:20,000 --> 05:49:23,400
The stern woman is already awake
and somehow perfectly groomed 

6748
05:49:23,400 --> 05:49:27,200
leading you to wonder if she is 
actually human or perhaps some 

6749
05:49:27,200 --> 05:49:30,200
sort of traveling autonom 
designed to make the rest of 

6750
05:49:30,200 --> 05:49:35,000
humanity, feel inadequate. 
Frank begins his morning rounds 

6751
05:49:35,000 --> 05:49:37,700
with coffee that has the 
consistency of warm tar and 

6752
05:49:37,700 --> 05:49:40,500
twice the potency. 
The traveling salesman greets, 

6753
05:49:40,500 --> 05:49:43,600
the new day with enthusiasm, 
that would be admirable if it 

6754
05:49:43,600 --> 05:49:47,100
won't quite so early and Loud, 
he's already reorganized his 

6755
05:49:47,100 --> 05:49:49,700
sample cases and his preparing 
to demonstrate his patent 

6756
05:49:49,700 --> 05:49:53,000
medicine's to anyone unfortunate
enough to make eye contact. 

6757
05:49:54,000 --> 05:49:57,500
The frontier character awakens 
from his Slumber, akin to a bear

6758
05:49:57,500 --> 05:50:00,800
emerging from hibernation, 
accompanied by sound effects 

6759
05:50:00,800 --> 05:50:03,700
capable of frightening small 
children and possibly even 

6760
05:50:03,700 --> 05:50:07,700
larger ones His morning routine,
involves spectacular, stretching

6761
05:50:07,700 --> 05:50:10,500
creative cursing. 
And the production of what 

6762
05:50:10,500 --> 05:50:12,500
appears to be hardtack from his 
coat pocket. 

6763
05:50:12,500 --> 05:50:15,800
He knows on this breakfast with 
the satisfaction of a man 

6764
05:50:15,808 --> 05:50:19,300
accustomed to food that fights 
back outside the windows, the 

6765
05:50:19,300 --> 05:50:22,700
landscape has begun to change 
subtly the neat farmsteads of 

6766
05:50:22,708 --> 05:50:26,300
settled Ohio are giving way to 
wider spaces, more scattered 

6767
05:50:26,300 --> 05:50:29,500
buildings and longer stretches 
where civilization seems to have

6768
05:50:29,500 --> 05:50:32,200
given up entirely. 
Your approaching, the real 

6769
05:50:32,200 --> 05:50:35,900
Frontier now where the map gets 
vague and Adventure becomes less

6770
05:50:35,900 --> 05:50:39,100
theoretical. 
The banker consults his pocket 

6771
05:50:39,100 --> 05:50:43,000
watch with increasing frequency 
as if he can somehow accelerate 

6772
05:50:43,000 --> 05:50:45,000
the train through sheer temporal
anxiety. 

6773
05:50:46,100 --> 05:50:50,000
His destination is Chicago where
he has important business that 

6774
05:50:50,000 --> 05:50:52,900
apparently cannot wait for the 
normal pace of steam Locomotion.

6775
05:50:52,900 --> 05:50:55,900
He's began muttering 
calculations under his breath 

6776
05:50:55,900 --> 05:50:59,300
working out arrival times with 
the desperate, Precision of a 

6777
05:50:59,300 --> 05:51:02,400
man whose promised to be 
somewhere specific at a time 

6778
05:51:02,400 --> 05:51:04,000
that's looking increasingly 
unlikely. 

6779
05:51:05,300 --> 05:51:07,200
Around mid-morning the train 
develops. 

6780
05:51:07,200 --> 05:51:10,500
What Frank diplomatically calls 
a case of the slos. 

6781
05:51:11,400 --> 05:51:14,800
The locomotive begins chugging 
with less enthusiasm like an 

6782
05:51:14,800 --> 05:51:17,600
aging horse, that's decided its 
covered enough ground for one 

6783
05:51:17,600 --> 05:51:19,900
day. 
Your 15 mile per hour. 

6784
05:51:19,900 --> 05:51:23,200
Pace drops to something closer 
to a brisk walk, which means the

6785
05:51:23,200 --> 05:51:26,000
energetic squirrels are once 
again keeping Pace outside your 

6786
05:51:26,000 --> 05:51:28,700
window. 
This mechanical reluctance 

6787
05:51:28,700 --> 05:51:31,600
creates what the conductor 
announces as a brief delay for 

6788
05:51:31,600 --> 05:51:34,700
locomotive encouragement, which 
sounds much more dignified than 

6789
05:51:34,700 --> 05:51:36,400
the engine is. 
Having another breakdown. 

6790
05:51:36,400 --> 05:51:39,800
You're learning that railroad 
terminology exists primarily to 

6791
05:51:39,800 --> 05:51:42,300
make mechanical failures sound 
like deliberate scheduling 

6792
05:51:42,300 --> 05:51:44,500
decisions. 
The delay provides an 

6793
05:51:44,500 --> 05:51:47,300
opportunity for extended 
socializing which by now 

6794
05:51:47,300 --> 05:51:49,200
resembles a mobile town hall 
meeting. 

6795
05:51:49,900 --> 05:51:52,500
The preacher has begun holding 
informal services for anyone 

6796
05:51:52,500 --> 05:51:55,400
interested though. 
His congregation mainly consists

6797
05:51:55,400 --> 05:51:58,200
of immigrants, who may not 
understand his words, but seem 

6798
05:51:58,200 --> 05:52:00,600
to appreciate the familiar 
rhythm of religious ceremonies. 

6799
05:52:01,600 --> 05:52:05,100
The school mom has started an 
impromptu geography lesson using

6800
05:52:05,100 --> 05:52:07,800
the passing landscape, to 
explain the settlement patterns 

6801
05:52:07,800 --> 05:52:11,000
of the American frontier. 
Her enthusiasm for Education, 

6802
05:52:11,000 --> 05:52:14,100
remains undaunted by her 
audience's mixed interest in 

6803
05:52:14,100 --> 05:52:16,300
learning about soil types and 
river systems. 

6804
05:52:17,300 --> 05:52:20,600
The toddler seems particularly 
fascinated by her chalk which 

6805
05:52:20,600 --> 05:52:23,400
she somehow produced from her 
seemingly magical carpet bag, 

6806
05:52:23,400 --> 05:52:26,700
your fellow passengers have 
developed the easy, familiarity 

6807
05:52:26,700 --> 05:52:29,500
of people who've shared Close 
Quarters and minor Adventures, 

6808
05:52:29,500 --> 05:52:33,100
personal space has become 
acquaint memory and everyone's 

6809
05:52:33,100 --> 05:52:34,700
life story is now common 
knowledge. 

6810
05:52:34,700 --> 05:52:37,800
You know, about the bankers, 
three daughters the preachers 

6811
05:52:37,800 --> 05:52:41,000
mission to bring Salvation to 
Kansas the school moms 

6812
05:52:41,000 --> 05:52:44,600
correspondence with her sister 
in Boston and approximately 47 

6813
05:52:44,600 --> 05:52:47,800
of the Frontiersman. 
Most unlikely Adventures, the 

6814
05:52:47,800 --> 05:52:51,100
stern woman has revealed herself
to be well-traveled offering, 

6815
05:52:51,100 --> 05:52:54,000
commentary on railroad system. 
She's experienced from Baltimore

6816
05:52:54,000 --> 05:52:54,700
to St. 
Louis. 

6817
05:52:55,700 --> 05:52:58,700
Her disapproval, you realize 
comes from extensive experience 

6818
05:52:58,700 --> 05:53:01,600
with the gap between what train 
travel promises and what it 

6819
05:53:01,600 --> 05:53:04,500
actually delivers. 
She is less morally, outraged 

6820
05:53:04,500 --> 05:53:07,100
than practically disappointed, 
which somehow makes her 

6821
05:53:07,100 --> 05:53:11,000
criticism more endearing. 
Lunch consists of the same 

6822
05:53:11,000 --> 05:53:13,500
mysterious substances as 
yesterday though. 

6823
05:53:13,500 --> 05:53:15,700
Frank has managed to arrange 
them differently on the plate. 

6824
05:53:15,700 --> 05:53:18,000
Creating the illusion of 
variety. 

6825
05:53:18,900 --> 05:53:22,000
The dining car conversation 
centers on destination fever 

6826
05:53:22,000 --> 05:53:25,500
that peculiar condition that 
affects long-distance Travelers 

6827
05:53:25,500 --> 05:53:27,100
as they approach their Journeys 
end. 

6828
05:53:27,800 --> 05:53:30,600
Everyone has begun talking 
faster planning more 

6829
05:53:30,600 --> 05:53:33,800
enthusiastically, and checking 
their belongings with increasing

6830
05:53:33,800 --> 05:53:36,600
frequency. 
This anticipation appears to 

6831
05:53:36,600 --> 05:53:39,000
have a particularly strong 
impact on immigrants. 

6832
05:53:39,800 --> 05:53:42,600
Their excitement is palpable as 
they recognize that the 

6833
05:53:42,600 --> 05:53:44,900
landscape outside is becoming 
their new home. 

6834
05:53:45,700 --> 05:53:48,500
They point at farms and towns 
with the intensity of people 

6835
05:53:48,500 --> 05:53:50,800
claiming territory with their 
eyes already. 

6836
05:53:50,800 --> 05:53:53,300
Beginning the psychological 
process of belonging somewhere 

6837
05:53:53,300 --> 05:53:58,000
new By afternoon, even the 
locomotive seems to have caught 

6838
05:53:58,000 --> 05:54:01,000
destination fever. 
Picking up pace with renewed, 

6839
05:54:01,000 --> 05:54:04,600
mechanical enthusiasm. 
Clacking of Wheels takes on a 

6840
05:54:04,600 --> 05:54:07,800
more urgent as if the train 
itself, is eager to reach the 

6841
05:54:07,800 --> 05:54:09,700
end of the line, and rest its 
iron bone. 

6842
05:54:09,700 --> 05:54:12,800
The final hours of your train 
journey unfold, with the 

6843
05:54:12,800 --> 05:54:16,300
Bittersweet quality of all 
endings, tinged with both relief

6844
05:54:16,300 --> 05:54:19,700
and an unexpected, Nostalgia for
the rolling community of 

6845
05:54:19,700 --> 05:54:23,100
temporarily joined Your 
destination appears on the 

6846
05:54:23,108 --> 05:54:27,400
horizon as a smudge of smoke and
Scattered buildings growing 

6847
05:54:27,400 --> 05:54:30,000
larger with each rhythmic clack 
of the wheels. 

6848
05:54:31,000 --> 05:54:34,000
After three days of wondering, 
if you'd ever arrive anywhere, 

6849
05:54:34,000 --> 05:54:37,200
the reality of actually, 
reaching the end of the line 

6850
05:54:37,200 --> 05:54:40,500
feels almost surreal, the 
locomotive seems to sense. 

6851
05:54:40,500 --> 05:54:43,900
Its approaching rest developing,
a more eager chuff that suggests

6852
05:54:43,900 --> 05:54:46,200
its as ready as you are to stop 
moving for a while. 

6853
05:54:46,900 --> 05:54:48,800
Your body has adapted to 
constant motion. 

6854
05:54:48,800 --> 05:54:51,900
So thoroughly that you suspect, 
you'll spend the next week's 

6855
05:54:51,900 --> 05:54:55,100
swaying slightly while standing 
still like a sailor who's been 

6856
05:54:55,100 --> 05:54:58,100
too long at sea. 
The stern woman has begun. 

6857
05:54:58,100 --> 05:55:00,300
The complex process of 
reassembling herself into 

6858
05:55:00,300 --> 05:55:03,600
traveling order, folding, shawls
and securing belongings with the

6859
05:55:03,600 --> 05:55:05,600
Precision of a general preparing
for battle. 

6860
05:55:06,500 --> 05:55:09,300
The transformation from rumpled 
Passenger, back into the picture

6861
05:55:09,300 --> 05:55:12,500
of Victorian propriety, as 
fascinating to watch involving 

6862
05:55:12,500 --> 05:55:15,100
more pins and strategic tucking 
than you thought humanly 

6863
05:55:15,100 --> 05:55:17,500
possible. 
The traveling salesman is 

6864
05:55:17,500 --> 05:55:19,600
conducting. 
A final inventory of his sample 

6865
05:55:19,600 --> 05:55:22,800
cases probably calculating 
profits and losses from his 

6866
05:55:22,800 --> 05:55:25,900
mobile pharmacy. 
He sold several bottles of his 

6867
05:55:25,900 --> 05:55:28,400
mysterious Elixir to fellow 
passengers though. 

6868
05:55:28,400 --> 05:55:31,200
Whether from genuine belief in 
his products or simply Cabin. 

6869
05:55:31,200 --> 05:55:35,100
Fever induced purchasing 
decisions remains unclear The 

6870
05:55:35,100 --> 05:55:37,600
frontiersmen bought three 
bottles claiming they'd be 

6871
05:55:37,608 --> 05:55:40,800
perfect for trading with Indians
though you suspect he plans to 

6872
05:55:40,800 --> 05:55:43,200
drink them himself. 
Your fellow Travelers. 

6873
05:55:43,200 --> 05:55:46,100
Begin the ritual of exchanging 
addresses and Promises to write,

6874
05:55:46,100 --> 05:55:47,500
though. 
You all know that. 

6875
05:55:47,500 --> 05:55:50,500
Once you step off this train, 
you'll scatter to your separate 

6876
05:55:50,500 --> 05:55:52,700
Destinies and probably never 
cross paths. 

6877
05:55:52,700 --> 05:55:56,800
Again, Still the ritual matters.
These people have become your 

6878
05:55:56,800 --> 05:56:00,400
temporary family bound together 
by shared discomfort and the 

6879
05:56:00,400 --> 05:56:03,800
peculiar intimacy that develops 
when strangers are trapped in 

6880
05:56:03,808 --> 05:56:05,600
close quarters for days at a 
time. 

6881
05:56:06,500 --> 05:56:09,400
The banker, finally, relaxes his
death grip on his pocket watch 

6882
05:56:09,400 --> 05:56:11,700
accepting that he'll arrive when
he arrives. 

6883
05:56:11,700 --> 05:56:14,500
And his Chicago business will 
have to adapt accordingly. 

6884
05:56:15,300 --> 05:56:18,300
His anxiety has transformed into
philosophical acceptance, 

6885
05:56:18,300 --> 05:56:20,100
though. 
He mentioned several times that 

6886
05:56:20,100 --> 05:56:24,400
he'll never again trust. 
Railroad schedules by people who

6887
05:56:24,400 --> 05:56:26,500
clearly view time as a flexible 
concept. 

6888
05:56:27,700 --> 05:56:30,800
Preacher has been energized by 
approaching his mission field. 

6889
05:56:31,600 --> 05:56:34,400
Speaking with renewed further 
about bringing civilization and 

6890
05:56:34,400 --> 05:56:38,800
salvation to the frontier. 
With Amusement, the frontiersmen

6891
05:56:38,800 --> 05:56:42,400
listens occasionally commenting 
on the type of Salvation that 

6892
05:56:42,400 --> 05:56:45,600
truly comes in handy when 
confronted with hostile Wildlife

6893
05:56:45,600 --> 05:56:48,600
or severe weather. 
Their ongoing theological debate

6894
05:56:48,600 --> 05:56:51,100
has become one of the journeys 
most entertaining features. 

6895
05:56:51,100 --> 05:56:54,700
The school has grown quiet as 
her destination approaches. 

6896
05:56:54,700 --> 05:56:57,700
Perhaps contemplating the 
reality of teaching Frontier 

6897
05:56:57,700 --> 05:57:00,200
children, who may view book 
learning as less immediately 

6898
05:57:00,200 --> 05:57:02,300
useful than tracking and 
shooting skills. 

6899
05:57:02,300 --> 05:57:06,000
Her determination remains 
unshakable, but it's now 

6900
05:57:06,000 --> 05:57:08,300
tempered with the Practical, 
understanding that education 

6901
05:57:08,300 --> 05:57:10,400
takes different forms in 
different places. 

6902
05:57:10,400 --> 05:57:13,500
The immigrants gather, their 
belongings with reverent care, 

6903
05:57:13,500 --> 05:57:17,700
handling their few possessions 
like sacred relics Everything 

6904
05:57:17,700 --> 05:57:21,400
they own in America fits into a 
handful of bags and bundles but 

6905
05:57:21,400 --> 05:57:24,900
their faces shine with the hope 
of people who have successfully 

6906
05:57:24,900 --> 05:57:27,300
crossed an ocean and a continent
to reach their dreams. 

6907
05:57:27,300 --> 05:57:31,300
Their excitement is infectious, 
reminding everyone else that 

6908
05:57:31,300 --> 05:57:35,000
arrival means possibility. 
The toddler has finally worn 

6909
05:57:35,000 --> 05:57:37,800
himself completely out and 
sleeps peacefully in his 

6910
05:57:37,808 --> 05:57:41,000
mother's arms, oblivious to the 
significance of reaching their 

6911
05:57:41,000 --> 05:57:43,300
new home. 
His mother looks out at the 

6912
05:57:43,308 --> 05:57:45,800
approaching town with the mixed 
expression of someone who's 

6913
05:57:45,800 --> 05:57:50,000
relieved the journey as ending. 
Terrified about what comes next.

6914
05:57:52,100 --> 05:57:55,700
Train begins its Final Approach 
slowing with a series of gentle 

6915
05:57:55,700 --> 05:57:58,400
jerks and extended whistle 
blasts, the announce your 

6916
05:57:58,400 --> 05:58:01,600
arrival to the waiting town. 
You realize that this journey 

6917
05:58:01,600 --> 05:58:04,200
has been about more than simply 
getting from one place to 

6918
05:58:04,200 --> 05:58:06,700
another. 
You've experienced a slice of 

6919
05:58:06,700 --> 05:58:09,400
America in transition a country 
building itself. 

6920
05:58:09,400 --> 05:58:13,800
One mile of tractor time, the 
station appears ahead a simple, 

6921
05:58:13,800 --> 05:58:16,300
wooden building that 
nevertheless represents the end 

6922
05:58:16,300 --> 05:58:19,400
of one adventure, and the 
beginning of another People wait

6923
05:58:19,400 --> 05:58:22,200
on the platform. 
Some greeting expected arrivals 

6924
05:58:22,200 --> 05:58:25,400
other simply curious about who 
the iron horse has delivered to 

6925
05:58:25,400 --> 05:58:29,200
their town today. 
The final stop arrives with a 

6926
05:58:29,200 --> 05:58:32,000
ceremony befitting the 
completion of an Epic Journey. 

6927
05:58:32,800 --> 05:58:36,000
Tremendous hiss of steam, the 
squeal of breaks. 

6928
05:58:36,000 --> 05:58:39,900
And one last authoritative jolt 
that sends everyone reaching for

6929
05:58:39,900 --> 05:58:43,100
something solid to grab. 
Frank appears in the doorway, 

6930
05:58:43,100 --> 05:58:46,300
announcing your arrival with the
satisfaction of a man who 

6931
05:58:46,300 --> 05:58:49,800
successfully delivered another 
load of hopeful Humanity to 

6932
05:58:49,800 --> 05:58:53,600
their chosen destination. 
You gather your carpet bag which

6933
05:58:53,600 --> 05:58:56,600
somehow feels heavier than when 
you started though, it contains 

6934
05:58:56,600 --> 05:59:00,600
exactly the same items. 
Perhaps it's weighted down with 

6935
05:59:00,600 --> 05:59:03,200
memories now or maybe you've 
just grown weaker from three 

6936
05:59:03,200 --> 05:59:05,300
days of train food and 
improvised sleeping. 

6937
05:59:06,200 --> 05:59:09,300
Either way, you're ready to feel
Solid Ground Beneath Your Feet 

6938
05:59:09,300 --> 05:59:12,900
Again? 
Down onto the platform, the 

6939
05:59:12,900 --> 05:59:15,700
absence of constant motion feels
strange and wonderful. 

6940
05:59:16,600 --> 05:59:20,100
The world has stopped rocking. 
Stopped clacking, and stopped, 

6941
05:59:20,100 --> 05:59:21,900
hissing steam at irregular 
intervals. 

6942
05:59:22,800 --> 05:59:26,500
The silence is almost over after
days of mechanical conversation.

6943
05:59:27,400 --> 05:59:30,900
Fellow passengers dispersed with
surprising speed reclaiming, 

6944
05:59:30,900 --> 05:59:33,400
their individual identities 
after days of communal 

6945
05:59:33,400 --> 05:59:37,400
existence, The Exchange final 
hand shakes make last minute. 

6946
05:59:37,400 --> 05:59:40,400
Address exchanges and make 
promises to write that they may 

6947
05:59:40,400 --> 05:59:43,300
or may not keep. 
If you've passed some sort of 

6948
05:59:43,300 --> 05:59:45,000
endurance test, she's been 
administering. 

6949
05:59:45,000 --> 05:59:48,400
The stern woman nods approvingly
at your survival of the journey.

6950
05:59:49,100 --> 05:59:52,500
The locomotive sits steaming 
quietly looking somehow smaller.

6951
05:59:52,500 --> 05:59:55,900
Now, that it's not in motion, 
the mighty Iron Horse, that's 

6952
05:59:55,900 --> 05:59:59,300
been your world for three days, 
is just a machine again, waiting

6953
05:59:59,300 --> 06:00:02,600
for its next load of passengers 
and their dreams, your shoulder,

6954
06:00:02,600 --> 06:00:04,400
your carpet bag and walk toward 
the town. 

6955
06:00:04,400 --> 06:00:07,300
Your legs still slightly 
unsteady from Days of swaying, 

6956
06:00:07,300 --> 06:00:09,900
motion behind you. 
The train whistle blows. 

6957
06:00:09,900 --> 06:00:12,800
One last time. 
A farewell that somehow manages 

6958
06:00:12,800 --> 06:00:14,600
to sound both mournful and 
hopeful? 

6959
06:00:15,500 --> 06:00:18,400
The frontier stretches ahead 
full of possibility and 

6960
06:00:18,400 --> 06:00:22,900
uncertainty in equal measure. 
You've arrived here by Steam and

6961
06:00:22,900 --> 06:00:26,800
steel and the peculiar magic of 
American optimism made manifest 

6962
06:00:26,800 --> 06:00:29,400
in iron rails. 
Whatever happens. 

6963
06:00:29,400 --> 06:00:32,200
Next, you'll always remember 
these three days when you travel

6964
06:00:32,200 --> 06:00:35,500
into the future at 15 miles per 
hour, accompanied by the most 

6965
06:00:35,500 --> 06:00:38,900
fascinating collection of 
humanity, you've ever had the 

6966
06:00:38,900 --> 06:00:42,700
pleasure to meet The adventure 
you realize is just beginning.